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Ge LL, Chen CF, Liu L, Zheng X, Zhang XM, Zhang YD, Mei SY. [Analysis of clinical and genetic variation in neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:1081-1086. [PMID: 38016774 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220624-00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical phenotype and gene variation conditions in neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD), so as to provide a basis for genetic counseling and clinical diagnosis and treatment of the family. Methods: 11 cases of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis who visited the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University between February 2019 and March 2021 were selected as the study subjects. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect the gene variation condition in 11 neonatal patients and 100 normal control neonates. The suspicious loci and family members were verified by Sanger sequencing and QPCR technology. Results: All 11 children with NICCD had different degrees of jaundice and liver damage symptoms, combined with coagulation dysfunction and anemia (n = 7), cardiac malformation (n = 2), elevated myocardial enzymes (n = 4), hyperlipidemia (n = 1), hyperkalemia (n = 1), persistent diarrhea (n = 3), developmental delay (n = 1). A total of 10 different types of SLC25A13 gene mutations were detected in 11 cases, including three frameshift mutations, two splicing changes, two missense mutations, one intron insertion, one nonsense mutation, and one heterozygous deletion. After reviewing literature and databases, c.1878delG(p.I627Sfs*73) and exon11 deletion were novel mutations that had not been reported at home or abroad. Conclusion: The clinical features of NICCD are non-specific, and genetic testing aids in the early and accurate diagnosis of the disease, providing an important basis for clinical treatment and genetic counseling for family members. In addition, the detection of novel mutation sites has enriched the SLC25A13 gene variation spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Ge
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - C F Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - L Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - X Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - X M Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Y D Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - S Y Mei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
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Chen CF, Zhang XM, Zhu RL, Zou HB, Li BB, Li LF, Lin ZX, Yu ZJ, Chen WY. [Efficacy of relocation and expansion pharyngoplasty by suspension sutures in the treatment of OSAHS with soft palate oropharyngeal obstruction]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:1270-1276. [PMID: 34963214 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210707-00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the efficacy of relocation and expansion pharyngoplasty by suspension sutures in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Seventy-three patients(including 60 males and 13 females) with OSAHS admitted to the department of otorhinolaryngology of our hospital in recent two years were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients had velopharyngeal obstructionevaluated by electronic endoscopic Müller test and were divided into control group (34 cases) and observation group (39 cases). The patients in the control group were performed modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, while those in the observation group were performed relocation and expansion pharyngoplasty by suspension sutures.The scores of ESS, AHI and LSaO2 before and after treatment were collected and compared. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was 94.87%, which was significantly higher than 79.41% of the control group. The AHI was lower and LSaO2 value was higher (χ2=-1. 896,-1. 968,P<0.05)in the observation group. The sleeping symptoms and quality of life of the two groups were significantly improved. The ESS score of the observation group was decreased more significantly than that of the control group after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=-1.451,P<0.05). The incidence of foreign body sensation in pharynx of the observation group (89.74%) was higher than that of the control group (55.88%), and the postoperative bleeding and postoperative recurrence rate (0.00%, 2.56%) was lower than that of the control group (8.82%, 14.70%)with statistical significance (χ2=4.738,4.249,4.119,P<0.05).The incidence of transient nasopharyngeal reflux in both groups was low and statistically insignificant (χ2=0.629,P>0.05). Conclusions: Preoperative strict screening of indications plays an important role in the selection of palatopharyngeal surgery methods and curative effect. Relocation and expansion pharyngoplasty by suspension sutures can improve the clinical efficacy of OSAHS with better safety and less recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - X M Zhang
- Foresea Insurance Guangzhou General Hospital,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery Department,Guangzhou 511340,China
| | - R L Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - H B Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - B B Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - L F Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - Z X Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - Z J Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - W Y Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Department,Guangzhou 510120,China
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Wang YB, Mao HH, Chen XQ, Chen CF. Oblique coronal view through oral fissure on two-dimensional grayscale and color Doppler ultrasound: diagnostic value for fetal cleft palate. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020; 56:287-288. [PMID: 31671475 DOI: 10.1002/uog.21906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y B Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H H Mao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - X Q Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
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Chiu KH, Dong CD, Chen CF, Tsai ML, Ju YR, Chen TM, Chen CW. NMR-based metabolomics for the environmental assessment of Kaohsiung Harbor sediments exemplified by a marine amphipod (Hyalella azteca). Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 124:714-724. [PMID: 28267993 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflow of wastewater from upstream causes a large flux of pollutants to enter Kaohsiung Harbor in Taiwan daily. To reveal the ecological risk posed by Kaohsiung Harbor sediments, an ecological metabolomic approach was employed to investigate environmental factors pertinent to the physiological regulation of the marine amphipod Hyalella azteca. The amphipods were exposed to sediments collected from different stream inlets of the Love River (LR), Canon River (CR), Jen-Gen River (JR), and Salt River (SR). Harbor entrance 1 (E1) was selected as a reference site. After 10-day exposure, metabolomic analysis of the Hyalella azteca revealed differences between two groups: {E1, LR, CR} and {JR, SR}. The metabolic pathways identified in the two groups of amphipods were significantly different. The results demonstrated that NMR-based metabolomics can be effectively used to characterize metabolic response related to sediment from polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C D Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - M L Tsai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y R Ju
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T M Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C W Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Sun ZY, Geng DY, Chen CF, Wang PP, Song T. [Influence of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on circadian rhythm of cryptochrome in mouse embryonic fibroblasts]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2017; 35:459-462. [PMID: 28780826 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influence of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on periodical expression of cryptochrome (Cry) gene in mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH3T3 cells. Methods: The NIH3T3 cells were divided into magnetic field group and sham-exposure group. The NIH3T3 cells in the magnetic field group were stimulated by horse serum and then exposed to an extremely low-frequency magnetic field (50 Hz and 0.3 mT) for 48 hours, and those in the sham-exposure group were also stimulated by horse serum and then exposed to a coil for 48 hours. The NIH3T3 cells were collected, total RNA was extracted, and cDNA was obtained via reverse transcription. Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the changes in transcription cycles of Cry and Period genes in both groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the proliferation rate at 0, 12, 24, and 48 hours of exposure between the two groups (P>0.05) . Both sham-exposure group and magnetic field group showed a rhythmic change in the expression of Cry gene, and compared with the sham-exposure group, the magnetic field group had a significantly shortened circadian rhythm of Cry gene in NIH3T3 cells (t=2.57, P<0.05) . Both groups had rhythmic and periodical expression of Period gene and there was no significant difference between the two groups (t=0.70, P>0.05) . Conclusion: Extremely low-frequency magnetic field can significantly shorten the circadian rhythm of Cry gene in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, while there is no significant change in the circadian rhythm of Period gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Sun
- Province-Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
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Liu WL, Chen CF, Lu DL, Guo LF. [Clinical evaluation value of visual analogue scale combined with C-reactive protein for the prognosis of peritonsillar abscess]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:794-795. [PMID: 29771046 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical value of visual analogue scale combined with serum C-reactive protein in evaluating the prognosis of peritonsillar abscess. Method:Thirty-one patients be hospitalized with peritonsillar abscess were enrolled in this study, who were treated by puncture and antibiotic from January 2016 to February 2017. VAS and CRP level were detected on the 1, 3, 5 day of hospitalization for all the patients. Result:Twenty-five patients were cured after 5 days. The 1, 3, 5 day's VAS of forty-seven patients were 8.20±1.25, 4.42±1.05, 1.41±0.55, respectively, and the CRP level were (62.41±8.61), (20.46±5.32), (5.41±1.95)mg/L, respectively (P<0.05) in the three days. The 1, 3 day's VAS of six patients were 8.41±1.44, 7.37±1.15, respectively, and the CRP level were (59.85±8.35), (45.33±7.46)mg/L, with no significant difference (P>0.05) in the two days. But the fifth day' VAS was 1.55±0.65, and the CRP level was 10.24±2.57 mg/L, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05)) compared with the first day. Conclusion:Subjective evaluation used by VAS and objective evaluation used by CRP level to assess the prognosis of peritonsillar. Therefore, VAS score combined with C-reactive protein detection is more accurate for the prognosis of tonsil abscess evaluation..
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the People's Hospital of Qingyuan, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the People's Hospital of Qingyuan, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - D L Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the People's Hospital of Qingyuan, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - L F Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the People's Hospital of Qingyuan, Qingyuan, 511518, China
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Wang MM, Han YC, Chen CF, Lyu YF, Hou ZQ, Fan ZM, Wang HB. [Analyses of prognostic factors relevant to acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 51:644-649. [PMID: 27666700 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors relevant to acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL). Methods: 196 adult ALHL patients, including 82 males and 114 females with mean age of (43.1±14.3)years old were included. All patients received the same therapy and were evaluated the curative effect. To evaluate the impact factors on the prognosis of hearing, inclusive of age, gender, time delay before the first visit, degree of deafness, vestibular function, electrocochleogram, and the serum levels of thyroxines by SPSS 18.0 software. Results: Of those 196 patients with ALHL, 124(63.3%) were recovery, 5(2.6%) were excellent better, 42(21.4%) were better, and 25 (12.8%) were poor, with a total effective rate of 87.2%. Among 15 (12.1%) who recurred the hearing loss, 2 developed into Meniere's disease during the follow-up. The mean age of patients with poor hearing effect was significantly older than that of other patients (P<0.05). No relativity was found between gender and hearing curative effect. There existed a statistical difference in total effective rate among subjects with different histories (P<0.05). In addition, the recovery rate was significantly different between groups, i. e., the course of disease was less than 14 days, between 14 days and 6 months, and between 6 months and 2 years (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in total effective rate among different degrees of deafness (P>0.05). However, in term of the recovery rate, the difference was statistical significance (P<0.05). The recovery rate in patients with mild hearing loss was higher than that in middle or heavy hearing loss (both P<0.05). Among patients with mild deafness, the recovery rate in patients whose history was less than 3 months was significantly higher than that more than 3 months (P<0.05). For moderate deafness patients, the recovery rate in patients whose history was less than 7 days was significantly higher than that more than 1 month (P<0.05). There were statistical differences in hearing effect of 130 (66.3%) patients with abnormal vestibular function in comparison to that with normal vestibular function (χ2=15.1, P<0.05). There were 17(8.7%) patients with abnormal electrocochleogram combined with abnormal vestibular function, and the hearing effects were all poor. There were 45 (23.0%) patients with abnormal thyroxine levels in serum, which was significant higher than that in health adults of 5.9%(χ2=7.26, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in hearing prognosis between patients with abnormal and normal thyroxine levels (χ2=2.51, P>0.05). Conclusions: With respect to ALHL, the hearing effect is associated significantly with the history. The severity of hearing loss is negative prognostic factor for hearing recovery. Age, vestibular function, and electrocochleogram might predict hearing recovery. Gender and thyroxine levels couldn't predict the hearing prognosis, although there is a high incidence rate in patients with ALHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250021, China
| | - Y C Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250021, China
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250021, China
| | - Y F Lyu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250021, China
| | - Z Q Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250021, China
| | - Z M Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250021, China
| | - H B Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan 250021, China
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Wang MM, Ai Y, Chen CF, Hou ZQ, Fan ZM, Han YC, Wang HB. [Ultrahigh-frequency hearing thresholds in middleaged and elderly healthy adults]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1038-1041. [PMID: 29798033 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.13.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the ultrahigh-frequency(UHF) hearing thresholds in middle-aged and elderly healthy subjects .Method: Healthy subjects(age range: 50-69 ) were divided into two groups,i.e.50-59 year-old group and >59-69 year-old group.Each subject was tested with both conventional-frequency(0.25,0.50,1.00,2.00,4.00,6.00 and 8.00 kHz) and ultrahigh-frequency(9.0,10.0,11.5,12.5,14.0,16.0,18.0,and 20.0 kHz) audiometry.UHF was performed twice to evaluate the reliability.The best hearings among 20-29 aged healthy adults were considered as normal controls.Results:Seventy five middle-aged and elderly subjects were included,with 39 subjects(78 ears) being 50-59 years old and 36(72 ears) being >59-69 year-old.Eighteen subjects(36 ears) aging from 20 to 29 were considers as controls.For the conventional-frequency,the hearing thresholds in middle-aged and elderly people were significantly higher than those in young people(all P<0.05),especially at ≥4 kHz.Although the conventional-frequency thresholds in >59-69 year-old group were higher than those in 50-59 year-old,the difference was significant just at 4 kHz(P<0.05).The UHF thresholds in middle-aged and elderly people were significantly higher than those in young people(all P<0.05).The thresholds at 9,10,11.5 and 12.5 kHz in >59-69 year-old people were significantly increased than those in 50-59 year-old counterparts(all P<0.05).Hearing threshold at ≥12.5 kHz couldn't be detected in some subjects in middle-aged and elderly group.The response rate at UHF in >59-69 year-old people were just higher than that in 50-59 year-old counterparts (P>0.05),and none responded at 18 and 20 kHz.The standard deviations(SDs) for <14 kHz in 50-59 year-old and for <11.5 kHz in >59-69 year-old subjects,were both higher than that in 20-29 year old counterparts.Above 6 kHz,the SDs in 50-59 year-old subjects were significantly higher than those in >59-69 year-old subjects(all P<0.05).Conclusion:For middle-aged and elderly people,the hearing loss may occur from 4 kHz.Hearing thresholds at UHF were increased with age,and it might be used as an early indicator for age-induced hearing loss.However,the UHF sensitivity decreased as the frequency increased beyond 14 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan,250021,China
| | - Y Ai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan,250021,China
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan,250021,China
| | - Z Q Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan,250021,China
| | - Z M Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan,250021,China
| | - Y C Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan,250021,China
| | - H B Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan,250021,China
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Gao Q, Chen CF, Dong Q, Hou L, Chen X, Zhi YL, Li X, Lu HT, Zhang HY. Establishment of a neuroblastoma mouse model by subcutaneous xenograft transplantation and its use to study metastatic neuroblastoma. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:16297-307. [PMID: 26662423 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.8.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a metastatic human neuroblastoma (NB) mouse model by xenograft in order to study the metastatic mechanisms of NB. A human NB cell line was obtained from a 5-year-old patient and cultured in vitro. A suspension of these cells was subcutaneously inoculated into nude mice at the right flank next to the forelimb. The biological characteristics of the developed subcutaneous and metastatic tumors were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of the tumor marker neuron-specific enolase was determined by immunohistochemistry, and the invasive ability of metastatic tumors was examined by a Matrigel invasion assay. DNA microarray analyses were performed to examine the metastasis-related gene expression. Our results showed that tumors grew in 75% of the mice injected with NB cells and the rate of metastasis was 21%. The xenograft tumors retained the morphological and biological characteristics of the NB specimen from the pediatric patient. Neuron-specific enolase was highly expressed in both subcutaneous and metastatic tumors. The metastatic tumor cells possessed a higher invasive capability than the primary NB cells. The expression of 25 metastasis-related genes was found to be significantly altered in metastatic tumors compared to primary tumors, including RECK, MMP2, VEGF, MMP3, and CXCL12. In conclusion, we successfully established a human NB xenograft model with high tumor-bearing and metastatic rates in nude mice, providing an ideal animal model for the in vivo study of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qingdao Women and Children Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Q Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - L Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Y L Zhi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - H T Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - H Y Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Gao Q, Chen CF, Dong Q, Hou L, Chen X, Zhi YL, Li X, Lu HT, Zhang HY. Elevated TrkA receptor expression is associated with all-trans retinoic acid-induced neuroblastoma differentiation. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:13195-202. [PMID: 26535632 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.26.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common and one of the deadliest among pediatric tumors; however, a subset of infants with neuroblastoma display spontaneous regression. The mechanism of spontaneous regression remains to be elucidated. TrkA plays an essential role in the differentiation and functionality of neurons; abundant TrkA expression is associated with favorable prognosis of neuroblastoma. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a first-line drug for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment, has been shown to induce differentiation and inhibit cell growth. Neuroblastoma tissues in our hospital inpatient were collected, primary cell culture was performed, and the cells were separated and purified to be cell line. Trypan blue exclusion was used to count the numbers of cells alive, morphological changes were observed under the phase-contrast microscope. RT-PCR was used to determine the expression level of TrkA. In this study, a human neuroblastoma cell line was successfully established; in addition, we demonstrated that ATRA induces growth arrest and promotes the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. In addition, ATRA was shown to significantly increase the levels of TrkA mRNA expression. Therefore, we concluded that the elevated expression of the TrkA receptor is associated with ATRA-induced growth arrest and differentiation o neuroblastoma cells. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of differentiation-inducing ATRA for neuroblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qingdao Women and Children Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, No. 27, Jiefang Road, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Q Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - L Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Y L Zhi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - H T Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - H Y Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Qiao J, Yang HB, Peng YL, Meng QL, Chen C, Ma Y, Xie K, Liu TL, Cai XP, Chen CF. Effect of ORF119 gene deletion on the replication and virulence of orf virus. Acta Virol 2015; 59:257-64. [PMID: 26435149 DOI: 10.4149/av_2015_03_257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Orf is a severe infectious disease of sheep and goats caused by orf virus (ORFV). To investigate the role of ORF119 gene of ORFV, we constructed ORFV with deleted ORF119 gene and LacZ as reporter gene (ORFV-Δ119-LacZ) via homologous recombination. The results showed that wild-type ORF-SHZ1 and ORFV-Δ119-LacZ deletion viruses replicated in Vero cells to similar titers. Relative transcriptional levels of virulence genes OVIFNR, GIF, VEGF and VIL-10 of ORFV-Δ119-LacZ deletion virus were slightly but not significantly lower after 24 hr compared with the wtORF-SHZ1 virus. In vivo experiments showed that 2-month-old lambs inoculated with ORFV-Δ119-LacZ deletion virus exhibited a similar total clinical score compared with those inoculated with wtORF-SHZ1 virus. Based on these results, we conclude that deletion of the ORF119 gene has no significant effect on ORFV replication and virulence.
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Cao YL, Chen CF, Wang AW, Feng YB, Cheng HX, Zhang WW, Xin W. Changes of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors in the penumbra area after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and effects of astragaloside IV on rats. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:277-85. [PMID: 25729960 DOI: 10.4238/2015.january.23.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the changes in peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs) in the penumbra after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and examined the effects of astragaloside IV (AST) on PBRs in rats. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a sham operation group, a model group, and three AST treatment groups. Cerebral ischemic models were induced by the clue-blocked method. Neurological deficits were examined. The animals were sacrificed after 2 h of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion, and mitochondria from the penumbra were purified. PBR density (Bmax) and affinity were measured by radioligand assays. Mitochondrial [(3)H]PK11195 binding was correlated with neurological deficits in rats. Compared to the model group, the 10 mg/kg AST group, 40 mg/kg AST group, and 100 mg/kg AST group had fewer neurological deficits. The effects in the 40 mg/ kg group did not significantly differ from the effects in the 100 mg/ kg group. Compared to the model group, the 10 mg/kg AST group, 40 mg/kg group, and 100 mg/kg group had a decreased Bmax in the penumbra. The Bmax decreased in the 40 mg/kg AST group and in the 100 mg/kg AST group compared with the 10 mg/kg group. The Bmax and neurological deficits in the 40 mg/kg did not significantly differ from those in the 100 mg/kg group. By contrast, the AST-treated rats showed no significant changes in the binding parameter equilibrium dissociation constant compared with those in the sham operation group and the model group. AST protects ischemic brain tissue by inhibiting PBR expression after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - C F Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - A W Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Y B Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - H X Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - W W Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - W Xin
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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13
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Pham MH, Berthouly-Salazar C, Tran XH, Chang WH, Crooijmans RPMA, Lin DY, Hoang VT, Lee YP, Tixier-Boichard M, Chen CF. Genetic diversity of Vietnamese domestic chicken populations as decision-making support for conservation strategies. Anim Genet 2013; 44:509-21. [PMID: 23714019 DOI: 10.1111/age.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to assess the genetic diversity of 17 populations of Vietnamese local chickens (VNN) and one Red Jungle Fowl population, together with six chicken populations of Chinese origin (CNO), and to provide priorities supporting the conservation of genetic resources using 20 microsatellites. Consequently, the VNN populations exhibited a higher diversity than did CNO populations in terms of number of alleles but showed a slightly lower observed heterozygosity. The VNN populations showed in total seven private alleles, whereas no CNO private alleles were found. The expected heterozygosity of 0.576 in the VNN populations was higher than the observed heterozygosity of 0.490, leading to heterozygote deficiency within populations. This issue could be partly explained by the Wahlund effect due to fragmentation of several populations between chicken flocks. Molecular analysis of variance showed that most of genetic variation was found within VNN populations. The Bayesian clustering analysis showed that VNN and CNO chickens were separated into two distinct groups with little evidence for gene flow between them. Among the 24 populations, 13 were successfully assigned to their own cluster, whereas the structuring was not clear for the remaining 11 chicken populations. The contributions of 24 populations to the total genetic diversity were mostly consistent across two approaches, taking into account the within- and between-populations genetic diversity and allelic richness. The black H'mong, Lien Minh, Luong Phuong and Red Jungle Fowl were ranked with the highest priorities for conservation according to Caballero and Toro's and Petit's approaches. In conclusion, a national strategy needs to be set up for Vietnamese chicken populations, with three main components: conservation of high-priority breeds, within-breed management with animal exchanges between flocks to avoid Wahlund effect and monitoring of inbreeding rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pham
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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14
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Lin SJ, Foley J, Jiang TX, Yeh CY, Wu P, Foley A, Yen CM, Huang YC, Cheng HC, Chen CF, Reeder B, Jee SH, Widelitz RB, Chuong CM. Topology of feather melanocyte progenitor niche allows complex pigment patterns to emerge. Science 2013; 340:1442-5. [PMID: 23618762 DOI: 10.1126/science.1230374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Color patterns of bird plumage affect animal behavior and speciation. Diverse patterns are present in different species and within the individual. Here, we study the cellular and molecular basis of feather pigment pattern formation. Melanocyte progenitors are distributed as a horizontal ring in the proximal follicle, sending melanocytes vertically up into the epithelial cylinder, which gradually emerges as feathers grow. Different pigment patterns form by modulating the presence, arrangement, or differentiation of melanocytes. A layer of peripheral pulp further regulates pigmentation via patterned agouti expression. Lifetime feather cyclic regeneration resets pigment patterns for physiological needs. Thus, the evolution of stem cell niche topology allows complex pigment patterning through combinatorial co-option of simple regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lin
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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15
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Morris CL, Bourke M, Byler DD, Chen CF, Hogan G, Hunter JF, Kwiatkowski K, Mariam FG, McClellan KJ, Merrill F, Morley DJ, Saunders A. Qualitative comparison of bremsstrahlung X-rays and 800 MeV protons for tomography of urania fuel pellets. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:023902. [PMID: 23464222 DOI: 10.1063/1.4789947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present an assessment of x-rays and proton tomography as tools for studying the time dependence of the development of damage in fuel rods. We also show data taken with existing facilities at Los Alamos National Laboratory that support this assessment. Data on surrogate fuel rods have been taken using the 800 MeV proton radiography (pRad) facility at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), and with a 450 keV bremsstrahlung X-ray tomography facility. The proton radiography pRad facility at LANSCE can provide good position resolution (<70 μm has been demonstrate, 20 μm seems feasible with minor changes) for tomography on activated fuel rods. Bremsstrahlung x-rays may be able to provide better than 100 μm resolution but further development of sources, collimation, and detectors is necessary for x-rays to deal with the background radiation for tomography of activated fuel rods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Morris
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
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16
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Tu YP, Chen SC, Liu YH, Chen CF, Hour TC. Postconditioning with far-infrared irradiation increases heme oxygenase-1 expression and protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat testis. Life Sci 2012; 92:35-41. [PMID: 23142244 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Studies have shown that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has a protective role in the mechanism underlying hypoxic preconditioning. We used a far-infrared radiation (FIR) heater to investigate the postconditioning protective role of HO-1 against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat testis. MAIN METHODS Forty rats were used. Testis ischemia was mimicked by total obstructive clamping of testis vessels for 1, 2, or 4 h, and concomitant postconditioning with 30 min FIR or heat light during initially 30 min reperfusion. HO-1 expression and apoptosis of testis tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. HO-1 protein level and caspase-3 activity were analyzed by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS There was less apoptotic activity in rat testis after FIR, as determined by TUNEL assay. Higher HO-1 protein expression was observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting (p<0.01) in testis cells after FIR postconditioning. In contrast, caspase-3 activity was significantly higher in heat light groups, as compared with FIR groups (p<0.01). SIGNIFICANCE FIR postconditioning attenuated I/R injury in rat testis by inducing HO-1 expression, which might have a protective role in testis apoptosis after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Po Tu
- Department of Urology, Tao-Yuan General Hospital, Department of Health, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
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17
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reperfusion of the ischemic liver results in the generation of oxidative and nitrosative stresses and reaction product of peroxynitrite, which induce rapid cytotoxicity and liver injury. In this study we demonstrated that curcumin, an antioxidant, attenuated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ischemia was induced by clamping the common hepatic artery and portal vein of rats for 30 minutes. Thereafter, flow was restored and the liver was reperfused for 80 minutes. Blood samples collected prior to ischemia and after reperfusion were analyzed for methyl guanidine (MG), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and adenosphate triphosphate (ATP). Blood levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (sGPT), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), which served as indexes of liver injury, were measured. RESULTS The protocol resulted in elevation of blood NO (P < .001), TNF-α (P < .001), and MG (P < .001). sGOT, sGPT, and LDH were elevated significantly (P < .001), whereas ATP was significantly diminished (P < .001). Pretreatment with curcumin (25 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the reperfusion liver injury, while the ATP content reversed. In addition, MG, TNF-α, and NO release were attenuated. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that curcumin exerted potent anti-inflammatory effects in I/R-induced liver injury due to its antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu-Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yeh JH, Su CL, Chen CF, Wang D, Wang JJ. Liver reperfusion-induced decrease in dynamic compliance and increase in airway resistance are ameliorated by preischemic treatment with melatonin through scavenging hydroxyl radicals in rat lungs. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:966-9. [PMID: 22564598 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute lung injury is frequently observed in patients subsequent to liver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the changes in pulmonary function, eg, lung dynamic compliance (C(dyn)) and airway resistance (RI), are not well understood. We sought to study the alternations in pulmonary function during liver I/R and the protective effects of preischemic treatment with melatonin. METHODS Animals were divided into 3 groups: sham-operated, liver I/R, and intraperitoneal (i.p.) pretreatment with melatonin (15 mg/kg). Liver I/R was performed by clamping the hepatic artery and portal vein for 30 minutes followed by releasing for 2 hours. The C(dyn) and RI were studied at baseline and at 2 hours of reperfusion. We assessed the level of pulmonary hydroxyl radicals by methylguanidine (MG) content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as the liver damage using plasma levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT). RESULTS After 2 hours of liver reperfusion, C(dyn) was reduced by ∼25%, while RI increased by ∼16% (P < .05). The decreased C(dyn) and increased RI were markedly attenuated by melatonin pretreatment (P < .05). Melatonin pretreatment also protected the liver against I/R injury (P < .05), as seen by reduced LDH, GOT and GPT along with markedly reduced hydroxyl radicals (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Preischemic treatment with melatonin protected lung function against damage by liver I/R. The improvement in lung function was strongly associated with decreased hydroxyl radicals in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Yeh
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shih FJ, Chang YC, Chen CF, Lin FJ, Huang YS, Yan YH, Shih FJ, Chen CR. Difficulties in organ procurement and transplantation in the aboriginal minority people in Taiwan. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:832-4. [PMID: 22564560 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aboriginal people (AP) are a minority group in Taiwan. Little information on their perspectives on organ transplantation (OT) is available. Their rights for organ donation (OD) and as OT recipients (OTR) are constrained as a vulnerable population in society. This research sought to explore various Highland Aborigine Tribes beliefs systems and concepts related to OT. METHODS We employed a qualitative design on a purposive sample including seven categories of Taiwanese AP. Data collected by face-to-face interviews were evaluated by content analysis. RESULTS Seventy-five informants (45 female and 30 males) of 18 to 82 years from seven tribes completed interviews: Bunun (n = 20), Shao (n = 18), Tsou (n = 15), Amis (n = 12), Truku (n = 4), Rukai (n = 3), and Puyuma (n = 3). Of there, 33% had no idea of OT. All informants reported lack of knowledge of OD, organ procurement, and OTR. Eighty percent (45-82 years) had no willingness for OD or OTR; others might consult family members and health professionals (HP) to learn about OT. Seven hindering factors were identified: (1) having no background of OT; (2) limited impressions obtained from television news reports; (3) negative concepts of donating one's organs to others; (4) OT concepts contrast with cultural meanings of death; (5) possibility of being stigmatized; (6) fear of being rejected by others; and (7) HP had never mentioned OT. CONCLUSIONS Taiwan APs' perspectives of OT concepts showed the majority to be unfamiliar with the concept and benefits of OT. Future research is necessary to explore the possible avenues to facilitate communications between HP and AP leaders, as well as elders in each AP category in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Shih
- Institute of Clinical & Community Health Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
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Ko ML, Chen CF, Peng PH, Peng YH. Simvastatin upregulates Bcl-2 expression and protects retinal neurons from early ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat retina. Exp Eye Res 2011; 93:580-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Tu YP, Chuang SJ, Chen SC, Liu YH, Chen CF, Hour TC. Simvastatin induces the expression of hemeoxygenase-1 against ischemia-reperfusion injury on the testes in rats. Toxicol Lett 2011; 207:242-50. [PMID: 21968084 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate the protective role of simvastatin-induced HO-1 in remote preconditioning against testis ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in vivo. Simvastatin was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected 24 h before IR injury. Testis was occluded in the right testis for 40 min and followed by 30 min of reperfusion to induce IR injury. Tin protoporphyrin (Snpp), a competitive inhibitor of hemeoxygenase, was i.p. injected 1 h before the IR injury in separate groups of rats. The rat testes were harvested 24 h later. Induction of HO-1 expression by simvastatin was significantly increased at 24 and 48 h. Rats pre-treated with simvastatin showed higher expression of HO-1 protein by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and presented lower caspases-3 activity by caspase-3 activity assay. TUNEL staining analysis revealed simvastatin pretreatment significantly reduced IR induced cellular apoptosis. Contrarily, the simvastatin-induced cytoprotective effect was entirely abolished by administrations of Snpp. Further, lower caspase-3 activities were also noted in simvastatin plus Snpp (SS) group than the control plus Snpp (CS) group. After IR injury, eNOS immunoreactivity was markedly increased in the germ cell and Leydig cell of testicular tissues. Pretreatment of simvastatin significantly decreased eNOS immunoreactivity in the germ cell of the tubules in the rat testes. In conclusion, we suggest HO-1 plays a protective role in IR-induced injury in the testes of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Po Tu
- Department of Urology, Tao-Yuan General Hospital, Department of Health, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
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Chen CF, You ZH, Yang WC, Lin CC. Hypokalaemic paralysis with seemingly pH-neutralized blood gas: liquorice-induced mineralocorticoid effect superimposed on renal tubular acidosis. Acta Clin Belg 2011; 66:403. [PMID: 22145284 DOI: 10.2143/acb.66.5.2062602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Chang CS, Chen CF, Berthouly-Salazar C, Chazara O, Lee YP, Chang CM, Chang KH, Bed'Hom B, Tixier-Boichard M. A global analysis of molecular markers and phenotypic traits in local chicken breeds in Taiwan. Anim Genet 2011; 43:172-82. [PMID: 22404353 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular and phenotypic data have been combined to characterize the genetic diversity of six local chicken breeds maintained with a long-term conservation programme. Hua-Tung, Hsin-Yi, Ju-Chi and Quemoy originated from Taiwan, Shek-Ki is from South China, and Nagoya is from Japan. Molecular tools included 24 microsatellite markers, melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) (MC1R), the LEI0258 marker located within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and mitochondrial DNA. Performance was recorded on the same individuals for body weight, panting rate in summer and antibody response (antigens: Newcastle disease virus and sheep red blood cells). A multivariate method previously proposed for taxonomy was used to combine the different data sets. Melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) and the MCW330 marker contributed the most to the first axis of the multiple coinertia analysis of molecular markers. Melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) showed evidence of selection, probably related to its effect on feather colour. The MHC exhibited a large diversity, with 16 alleles of the LEI0258 marker. Immune response traits contributed the most to the principal component analysis of phenotypic data. Eight mitochondrial DNA haplotypes related to clades A, B, C and E were distributed across breeds and revealed an important contribution of Indian and European breeds to Ju-Chi, Quemoy and Hsin-Yi. Phenotypic data contributed less than molecular data to the combined analysis, and two markers, LEI0258 and LEI0228, contributed the most. The combined analysis could clearly discriminate all breeds, except Ju-Chi, which was similar to Quemoy for many criteria, except immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Abstract
A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of asarone in rabbit plasma has been developed. Up to 0·1 mL of plasma containing asarone was deproteinated by acetonitrile, which contained an internal standard (indomethacin). The supernatant was injected into a Nucleosil 7C18 column using acetonitrile-water-triethylamine (55:45:0·1 v/v, pH 5·4–5·5, adjusted with orthophosphoric acid) as the mobile phase and UV detection at 257 nm, followed by UV spectrum identification (between 200 and 380 nm) with a photodiode array detector. The method is rapid, easily reproduced, selective and sensitive. It was applied to pharmacokinetic studies of asarone in rabbit, after 5, 10, or 20 mg kg−1 intravenous administration. Rapid distribution followed by a slower elimination phase was observed from the plasma concentration–time curve. The plasma disposition at each dose fitted well to a two-compartment open model and the terminal disposition became much slower as the dose was increased, suggesting a nonlinear dose-dependent plasma asarone disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Peng PH, Chao HM, Juan SH, Chen CF, Liu JH, Ko ML. Pharmacological preconditioning by low dose cobalt protoporphyrin induces heme oxygenase-1 overexpression and alleviates retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Curr Eye Res 2011; 36:238-46. [PMID: 21275512 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2010.539760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinal ischemia-induced neuronal death plays a crucial role in certain severe visual impairment diseases. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of low dose cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPP), an inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), on the retina of rats against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. METHODS Retinal IR was achieved in rats by raising intraocular pressure for 60 min. CoPP (1 mg/ kg) was injected intraperitoneally 24 hr before IR. Retinal injury was assessed by the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) seven days after reperfusion. TUNEL assay was used to detect the appearance of apoptotic cells 24 hr after reperfusion. The expressions of the HO-1 and Bax proteins were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS Both HO-1 expression, examined by Western blot, and enzyme activity were increased strongly after CoPP administration. Rats treated with CoPP before IR had more RGCs (p = 0.034) and less apoptotic cells (p = 0.04) together with downregulated Bax protein levels (p = 0.03) compared to ischemic rats without CoPP. The protective effects of CoPP were HO-1 dependent because the upregulation of HO-1 and the RGC protection were both abolished by the HO-1 inhibitor tin protoporphyrin (SnPP). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated that induction of HO-1 expression by low dose CoPP ameliorated retinal damage from IR injury. The favorable effect appears to be related with modulations of the apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pai-Huei Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ko ML, Peng PH, Hsu SY, Chen CF. Dietary Deficiency of Vitamin E Aggravates Retinal Ganglion Cell Death in Experimental Glaucoma of Rats. Curr Eye Res 2010; 35:842-9. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2010.489728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chen CF, Lee JF, Wang D, Shen CY, Shen KL, Lin MH. Water extract of Zizyphus Jujube attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury in rats (PP106). Transplant Proc 2010; 42:741-3. [PMID: 20430161 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injuries in the liver remain important clinical problems. Free oxygen radicals and nitrosative stress have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis I/R-related liver injury. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of an extract of Zizyphus Jujube (ZJ), which has strong antioxidant effects, on I/R-induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ischemia (I) was induced in rat livers by clamping the common hepatic artery and portal vein for 40 minutes, after which flow was restored, and the liver was reperfused for 90 minutes. Blood samples were collected prior to I and after reperfusion to assay blood levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), oxygen radical (OH), and nitric oxide (NO). In the pharmacologic intervention group a water extract of the fruit of ZJ was administered orally to rats (100 mg/mL for 7 days) that were subsequently exposed to the I/R liver injury. RESULTS The data showed that reperfusion (R) of the liver produced increases in blood concentrations of ALT (41.9+/-8.2 vs 338.0+/-89.6; P<.01; N=7) and LDH (317+/-129 vs 4073+/-950; P<.001; N=7). Oxygen radicals (55.1+/-14.3 vs 262.4+/-60.3; P<.001; N=7) and NO (69.3+/-14.9 vs 121.6+/-27.1; P<.01; N=7) also increased significantly in this R group. In the ZJ intervention group the liver injury, oxidative stress, and nitrosative stress were all significantly attenuated. CONCLUSION These results suggested that I/R-induced liver injury with white blood cell activation, oxidative stress, and nitrosative stress. Pretreatment with an extract of ZJ, which shows high antioxidant effects, significantly attenuated the I/R-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital and Department of Healthcare Information, School of Health, Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen KH, Chao D, Liu CF, Chen CF, Wang D. Ischemia and reperfusion of the lung tissues induced increase of lung permeability and lung edema is attenuated by dimethylthiourea (PP69). Transplant Proc 2010; 42:748-50. [PMID: 20430163 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to determine whether oxygen radical scavengers of dimethylthiourea (DMTU), superoxide dismutase (SOD), or catalase (CAT) pretreatment attenuated ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced lung injury. After isolation from a Sprague-Dawley rat, the lungs were perfused through the pulmonary artery cannula with rat whole blood diluted 1:1 with a physiological salt solution. An acute lung injury was induced by 10 minutes of hypoxia with 5% CO2-95% N2 followed by 65 minutes of ischemia and then 65 minutes of reperfusion. I/R significantly increased microvascular permeability as measured by the capillary filtration coefficient (Kfc), lung weight-to-body weight ratio (LW/BW), and protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (PCBAL). DMTU pretreatment significantly attenuated the acute lung injury. The capillary filtration coefficient (P<.01), LW/BW (P<.01) and PCBAL (P<.05) were significantly lower among the DMTU-treated rats than hosts pretreated with SOD or CAT. The possible mechanisms of the protective effect of DMTU in I/R-induced lung injury may relate to the permeability of the agent allowing it to scavenge intracellular hydroxyl radicals. However, whether superoxide dismutase or catalase antioxidants showed protective effects possibly due to their impermeability of the cell membrane not allowing scavenging of intracellular oxygen radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Chen
- Department of Nursing and Management, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Miouli County, Taiwan
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Wu MS, Chien CT, Ma MC, Chen CF. Protection of ischemic preconditioning on renal neural function in rats with acute renal failure. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2010; 52:365-75. [PMID: 20359127 DOI: 10.4077/cjp.2009.amh083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested whether tolerance induced by ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in kidneys was related to renal nerves. Experimental acute renal failure (ARF) in a rat model was induced for 45 min of left renal arterial occlusion (RAO), followed by 6 or 24 h of reperfusion (ischemic reperfusion (I/R) group). The episode of IPC was four cycles of 4 min of RAO at 11 min intervals and then the I/R injury was treated as above (IPC-I/R group). After 6 h of reperfusion, polyuria was found in the I/R group associated with an enhancement of afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) and a reflexive decrease in efferent renal nerve activity (ERNA). Changes in nerve responses were related with a reduction in neutral endopeptidase (NEP) activity and an increased release of substance P (SP). After 24 h of reperfusion, the I/R group showed oliguria which was associated with a lower ARNA, hyperactivity of ERNA and a nine-fold increase in SP release due to a further 52% loss in NEP activity. Prior IPC treatment did not affect the changed ischemia-induced excretory and nervous activity patterns during the first 6 h of reperfusion, but normalized both responses in the kidneys 24 h after ischemia. The IPC-mediated protection in oliguric ARF was related to the preservation of NEP activity to only 25% loss that caused an increase of SP amounts of only three-fold and a minor change in neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R) activities. Finally, both excretory and sensory responses in oliguric ARF after saline loading were significantly ameliorated by IPC. We conclude that IPC results in preservation of the renal sensory response in postischemic kidneys and has a beneficial effect on controlling efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity and excretion of solutes and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shiou Wu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China
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Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning has been proved to reduce tissue damages and benefit subsequent organ transplantation. Chronic hypoxic preconditioning was found to increase the levels of lung antioxidants. This study was to test the hypothesis that levels of lung antioxidants might increase after hypoxia which may counteract the insults of free radicals. Female Wistar rats were kept in an altitude chamber (380 torr) 15 h a day for 4 weeks (hypoxia-adapted). Controls were kept at room air pressure (sea-level). After hypoxic preconditioning, no significant difference in the levels of the oxidative markers, malondialdehyde, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and isoprostane was seen in the lungs of the hypoxia-adapted rats compared to the sea-level controls. Both the activity and protein level of manganese superoxide dismutase were higher in hypoxia-adapted lungs. Lung manganese superoxide dismutase mRNA levels, determined by real-time RT-PCR, were not significantly different in the two groups of rats. When isolated saline-perfused lungs were prepared and treated with xanthine (500 microM) and xanthine oxidase (5 mU/ml), and the levels of free radicals in the perfusate determined by chemiluminescence, less chemiluminescence was seen in the hypoxia-adapted lung perfusate. When the vascular response was determined in this same preparation before or 45 min after xanthine/xanthine oxidase treatment, the filtration coefficient was increased in the sea-level lungs but not in the hypoxia-adapted lungs. We conclude that an increase in superoxide dismutase activity and protein levels is one of the benefits of hypoxic preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Fwu Chou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Peng PH, Chiou LF, Chao HM, Lin S, Chen CF, Liu JH, Ko ML. Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on rat retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve axotomy. Exp Eye Res 2010; 90:528-34. [PMID: 20114044 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Revised: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in axotomized eyes and the pathways related to its action. Wistar rats received intracranial optic nerve (ON) axotomy 2 mm behind the globe in left eyes, whereas right eyes received sham operations. EGCG was administrated via intraperitoneal injection 30 min before and 4 days after axotomy. The density of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) was examined by a retrograde labeling technique. Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), Bax, Bcl-2, ERK and Akt. Optic nerve axotomy caused 54% RGC loss 7 days following surgery, and EGCG treatment reduced RGC loss by 12% (P = 0.017). The expression of the nNOS and pro-apoptotic Bax proteins were increased 5 days after axotomy, while EGCG treatment significantly blunted the up-regulation of the above two proteins (P = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Axotomy-induced p-ERK 1/2 and p-Akt proteins expression 5 days and 3 days following injury, respectively. Treatment with EGCG further enhanced p-ERK 1/2 and p-Akt expressions after axotomy. Inhibition of ERK and Akt pathways attenuated the protection of EGCG on RGC against axotomy damage. Thus, we demonstrated that administration of EGCG prior to axotomy promotes RGC survival. The neuroprotective capacity of EGCG appears to act through mediating nitric oxide, anti-apoptotic, and cell survival signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pai-Huei Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hu TH, Whang LM, Lei CN, Chen CF, Chiang TY, Lin LB, Chen HW, Liu PWG, Cheng SS. Evaluation of methanogenic treatment of TMAH (tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide) in a full-scale TFT-LCD wastewater treatment process. Water Sci Technol 2010; 62:403-409. [PMID: 20651446 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated TMAH biodegradation under methanogenic conditions. Under methanogenic conditions, a sludge from a full-scale UASB treating TFT-LCD wastewater was able to degrade 2,000 mg/L of TMAH within 10 h and attained a specific degradation rate of 19.2 mgTMAH/gVSS-h. Furthermore, several chemicals including some surfactants, DMSO, and sulfate were examined for their potential inhibitory effects on TMAH biodegradation under methanogenic conditions. The results indicated that surfactant S1 (up to 2%) and DMSO (up to 1,000 mg/L) presented negligible inhibitory effects on TMAH degradation, while surfactant S2 (0.2-1%) might inhibit methanogenic reaction without any TMAH degradation for 3-5 h. At sulfate concentrations higher than 300 mg/L, a complete inhibition of methanogenic reaction and TMAH biodegradation was observed. Results from cloning and sequencing of archaeal 16S rRNA gene fragments showed that Methanosarcina barkeri and Methanosarcina mazei were the dominant methanogens in the UASB treating TMAH-containing TFT-LCD wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Chinese Taiwan.
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Lin JY, Chen CF, Lei FR, Hsieh CD. Field observations and management strategy for hot spring wastewater in Wulai area, Taiwan. Water Sci Technol 2010; 61:2309-2316. [PMID: 20418628 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Hot springs are important centers for recreation and tourism. However, the pollution that may potentially be caused by hot spring wastewater has rarely been discussed. More than half of Taiwan's hot springs are located in areas where the water quality of water bodies is to be protected, and untreated wastewater could pollute the receiving water bodies. In this study, we investigate hot spring wastewater in the Wulai area, one of Taiwan's famous hot spring resorts. Used water from five hot spring hotels was sampled and ten sampling events were carried out to evaluate the changes in the quality of used water in different seasons, at different periods of the week, and from different types of hotels. The concentrations of different pollutants in hot spring wastewater were found to exhibit wide variations, as follows: COD, 10-250 mg/L; SS, N.D.-93 mg/L; NH(3)-N, 0.01-1.93 mg/L; TP, 0.01-0.45 mg/L; and E. coli, 10-27,500 CFU/100 mL. The quality of hot spring wastewater depends on the operation of public pools, because this affects the frequency of supplementary fresh water and the outflow volume. Two management strategies, namely, onsite treatment systems and individually packaged treatment equipment, are considered, and a multi-objective optimization model is used to determine the optimal strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering and Water Environment Research Center, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Chinese Taiwan.
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Chiang CY, Tsai CP, Chen CF, Chou TF. Reduction of hexa(sulfobutyl)fullerence on oxidative injury by xanthine and xanthine oxidase in isolated rat lungs. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2009; 52:406-10. [PMID: 20359131 DOI: 10.4077/cjp.2009.amk003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether some fullerenols could effectively reduce direct damages of free radicals produced by xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) in isolated rat lungs. METHODS Female Wistar rats (205 +/- 4 g) were used in studies in pulmonary vascular response to the challenge of xanthine/xanthine oxidase by an isolated-perfused lung method. Free radicals were determined by chemiluminescence (CL) to confirm the release of free radicals after X/XO treatment. The CL count in the lung perfusate was 737 +/- 213 (CL/10 sec); 5 min and 45 min after X/XO administration, the CL counts were 3,778 +/- 425 (CL/10 sec) and 1,183 +/- 193 (CL/10 sec), respectively. Challenge with X/XO caused a mild but significant increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (P(pa)) and a marked increase of filtration coefficient (K(fc)). The pretreatment of Hexa (sulfobutyl) fullerence antioxidant, K(fc) became insignificantly increased in pretreated lungs. In conclusion, We found that hexa(sulfobutyl) fullerene, but not Co60(glucosamine)6, nor superoxide dismutase could attenuate the oxidative stress, judged from the attenuated increase in pulmonary filtration coefficient after challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yao Chiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Yeh DY, Lin HI, Feng NH, Chen CF, Wang D, Wang NT. Matrix metalloprotease expressions in both reperfusion lung injury and oleic acid lung injury models and the protective effects of ilomastat. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:1508-11. [PMID: 19545667 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 12/13/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to study the expressions of matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9) and the effects of the MMP inhibitor Ilomastat in both ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)- and oleic acid (OA)-induced lung injury models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reactions and Western blots were used to assess mRNA and protein expressions of MMP9 in lung tissues after I/R or OA lung injury. Ischemia was induced by clamping one branch of the pulmonary artery for 60 minutes and then reperfusing for 120 minutes. In the OA model, lung injury was induced by intravenous infusion of OA (0.1 mL/kg) for 20 minutes and then observation for 6 hours. Lavage leukocyte concentration and wet/dry lung weight ratio were used to assess lung inflammation and injury. Blood samples were collected for assays of hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide. The MMP inhibitor Ilomastat (100 microg/kg) was administered before I/R and OA infusion. RESULTS mRNA and protein expressions of MMP9 were significantly increased in both lung injury models. Ilomastat decreased MMP9 mRNA and protein expressions but did not reach statistical significance. Blood concentrations of hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide, wet/dry lung weight ratios, and lavage leukocyte concentrations were significantly higher in both experimental groups compared with the sham group (P < .001). Ilomastat significantly attenuated the extent of lung inflammation and injury induced by both I/R and OA. CONCLUSION MMP may play a critical role in the lung injury induced by I/R and OA infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Yeh
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu-Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
The travelling wave dielectrophoretic pump studied here is essentially a rectangular straight micro-channel with an electrode array on part of its wall, and operated under an ac voltage with phase shift at neighbouring electrodes. The travelling wave dielectrophoretic force drives the cells, which drag the plasma, and after some sophisticated interaction between conventional dielectrophoresis, travelling wave dielectrophoresis and fluid mechanics, the whole blood is delivered. The pump was fabricated using MEMS techniques and studied in details for different parameters. It is found that the pumping velocity is maximized at an intermediate frequency around 20-30 MHz (varies with phase shift), and at an intermediate channel height at about 40 microm. The quasi-static average cell velocity can reach 15 microm s(-1) for a pump with 1 mm length and 16 electrodes (total array length 465 microm) operated at 5 V and 20 MHz with 90 degrees phase shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lei
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Hsu HH, Ko WJ, Hsu JY, Chen JS, Lee YC, Lai IR, Chen CF. Simvastatin ameliorates established pulmonary hypertension through a heme oxygenase-1 dependent pathway in rats. Respir Res 2009; 10:32. [PMID: 19409105 PMCID: PMC2681458 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simvastatin has been shown to ameliorate pulmonary hypertension by several mechanisms in experimental animal models. In this study, we hypothesized that the major benefits of simvastatin in pulmonary hypertension occur via the heme oxygenase-1 pathway. METHODS Simvastatin (10 mg/kgw/day) was tested in two rat models of pulmonary hypertension (PH): monocrotaline administration and chronic hypoxia. The hemodynamic changes, right heart hypertrophy, HO-1 protein expression, and heme oxygenase (HO) activity in lungs were measured in both models with and without simvastatin treatment. Tin-protoporphyrin (SnPP, 20 micromol/kg w/day), a potent inhibitor of HO activity, was used to confirm the role of HO-1. RESULTS Simvastatin significantly ameliorated pulmonary arterial hypertension from 38.0 +/- 2.2 mm Hg to 22.1 +/- 1.9 mm Hg in monocrotaline-induced PH (MCT-PH) and from 33.3 +/- 0.8 mm Hg to 17.5 +/- 2.9 mm Hg in chronic hypoxia-induced PH (CH-PH) rats. The severity of right ventricular hypertrophy was significantly reduced by simvastatin in MCT-PH and CH-PH rats. Co-administration with SnPP abolished the benefits of simvastatin. Simvastatin significantly increased HO-1 protein expression and HO activity in the lungs of rats with PH; however co-administration of SnPP reduced HO-1 activity only. These observations indicate that the simvastatin-induced amelioration of pulmonary hypertension was directly related to the activity of HO-1, rather than its expression. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that simvastatin treatment ameliorates established pulmonary hypertension primarily through an HO-1-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsao-Hsun Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lin BR, Yu CJ, Chen WC, Lee HS, Chang HM, Lee YC, Chien CT, Chen CF. Green tea extract supplement reduces D-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury by inhibition of apoptotic and proinflammatory signaling. J Biomed Sci 2009; 16:35. [PMID: 19317920 PMCID: PMC2667169 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation contributed to the propagation of acute liver injury (ALI). The present study was undertaken to determine whether D-galactosamine (D-GalN) induces ALI via the mitochondrial apoptosis- and proinflammatory cytokine-signaling pathways, and possible mechanism(s) by which green tea (GT) extract modulates the apoptotic and proinflammatory signaling in rat. D-GalN induced hepatic hypoxia/hypoperfusion and triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from affected hepatocytes, infiltrated leukocytes, and activated Kupffer cells. D-GalN evoked cytosolic Bax and mitochondrial cytochrome C translocation and activated proinflammatory nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) translocation, contributing to the increase of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive hepatocytes, multiple plasma cytokines and chemokines release, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. An altered biliary secretion profile of several acute phase proteins directly indicates oxidative stress affecting intracellular trafficking in the hepatocyte. GT pretreatment attenuated ROS production, mitochondrial apoptosis- and proinflammatory cytokine-signaling pathway, plasma ALT and cytokines levels, biliary acute phase proteins secretion and hepatic pathology by the enhancement of anti-apoptotic mechanisms. In conclusion, D-GalN induced ALI via hypoxia/hypoperfusion-enhanced mitochondrial apoptosis- and proinflammatory cytokine-signaling pathway, contributing to oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver. GT can counteract the D-GalN-induced ALI via the attenuation of apoptotic and proinflammatory signaling by the upregulation of anti-apoptotic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Ru Lin
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
A robust and low dead volume world-to-chip interface for thermoplastic microfluidics has been developed. The high pressure fluidic port employs a stainless steel needle inserted into a mating hole aligned to an embedded microchannel, with an interference fit used to increase pressure resistance. Alternately, a self-tapping threaded needle screwed into a mating hole is also demonstrated. In both cases, the flat bottom needle ports seat directly against the microchannel substrate, ensuring low interfacial dead volumes. Low dispersion is observed for dye bands passing the interfaces. The needle ports offer sufficient pull-out forces for applications such as liquid chromatography that require high internal fluid pressures, with the epoxy-free interfaces compatible with internal microchannel pressures above 40 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Chen CF, Huang NZ, Gourichon D, Lee YP, Tixier-Boichard M, Bordas A. Effect of introducing the naked neck gene in a line selected for low residual feed consumption on performance in temperate or subtropical environments. Poult Sci 2008; 87:1320-7. [PMID: 18577611 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of combining the naked neck gene with a genetic background that has been optimized for feed efficiency of laying hens at moderate temperature. In 1997, the naked neck gene was introduced into a line selected for low residual feed intake. In 2003, after 6 generations of introgression, 8 males and 56 females heterozygous for the NA*NA mutation were used to generate all 3 genotypes (NA*N/NA*N, NA*NA/NA*N, NA*NA/NA*NA), in 2 hatches, for rearing in Taiwan and France, respectively, at 3-wk intervals. Growth performance, anatomical traits, laying traits, and feed efficiency were recorded in each country. In addition, comb and rectal temperatures were measured in Taiwan. Performance was generally lower and mortality of laying hens was higher in Taiwan (11%) than in France (1%). Genotype x environment interactions were rare: genotype x environment was observed only for body weight at 10 wk of age and was close to significance for egg weight. The laying performance was significantly decreased in Taiwan by about 25%. The naked neck genotype had a negative effect on body weight and a positive effect of clutch length and egg weight. It also affected heat dissipation traits such as wattle length and rectal and surface temperature measurements. There was a clear additive and negative effect of the NA*NA mutation on rectal temperature. Feed intake and residual feed intake were increased in the homozygous carriers of the NA*NA mutation, which may improve heat tolerance of the low residual feed consumption (R-) line. Feed efficiency tended to be better in NA*NA/NA*NA hens in both environments. Thus, the introduction of the NA*NA mutation in the R- background appeared to be favorable from the viewpoint of feed efficiency, but it did not improve laying performance in a subtropical environment. Other factors than temperature, such as diet composition and lighting regimen, may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Chan KC, Lin CJ, Lee PH, Chen CF, Lai YL, Sun WZ, Cheng YJ. Propofol attenuates the decrease of dynamic compliance and water content in the lung by decreasing oxidative radicals released from the reperfused liver. Anesth Analg 2008; 107:1284-9. [PMID: 18806041 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318181f4e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote pulmonary injuries after hepatic reperfusion are frequently caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage. The choice of anesthetics may affect the balance between oxidants and antioxidants, and propofol, a commonly used anesthetic, has an antioxidant effect. In this study, we developed a model to study pulmonary function with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) manipulation, with the aim of defining remote pulmonary dysfunction after hepatic reperfusion and determining if propofol affects this dysfunction by altering ROS production from the liver or lungs. METHODS Adult male rats weighing 160-250 g were randomly divided into four groups according to the type of surgery (sham or I/R) and the anesthetic administered (pentobarbital or propofol). To induce I/R, the portal vein and hepatic artery to the left and medial lobes of the liver were clamped. All of the measurements were done after 5 h of reperfusion, after 45 min of ischemia. Pulmonary function after hepatic I/R was determined by dynamic compliance, resistance and wet-to-dry ratio, and by histopathology. Hepato-cellular injuries were confirmed by alanine aminotransferase, whereas ROS production was measured from the inferior vena cava, jugular vein, and carotid artery. Products of lipid peroxidation, thiobarbiturate acid reactive substances and malondialdehyde, were measured in lung and hepatic tissues. RESULTS Remote lung injury after hepatic I/R was shown by a significant decrease of Cdyn, and increases in resistance and the wet-to-dry ratio. ROS production was significantly increased and was highest in samples from the inferior vena cava. Thiobarbiturate acid reactive substances and malondialdehyde in the liver and serum alanine aminotransferase were significantly increased only in the I/R+pentobarbital group. All of the changes were significantly attenuated in the I/R+ propofol group (P=0.05). With propofol infusion, there was decreased ROS production from the reperfused liver, with less hepato-cellular injury, followed by well-maintained pulmonary function. CONCLUSION Remote pulmonary dysfunction and reperfusion injury in the liver were demonstrated in our rat model, as well as massive ROS production and lipid peroxidation. Propofol infusion attenuated remote pulmonary injury by lessening oxidative injury from the reperfused liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Cheng Chan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin BR, Hsieh HT, Lee JM, Lai IR, Chen CF, Yu LCH. Luminal hydrochloric acid stimulates rapid transepithelial ion fluxes in rodent esophageal stratified squamous epithelium. J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 59:525-542. [PMID: 18953095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether enhanced ion fluxes occur in the esophageal stratified squamous epithelium upon acid exposure. Rat esophageal tissues devoid of submucosal glands displayed basal short-circuit current (Isc) of 5.03 +/- 1.93 microA/cm(2) and lumen-negative potential difference (PD) in association with net absorption of Na+ and Cl-, and secretion of HCO3(-). Luminal hydrochloric acid (HCl) challenge (pH = 1.6) triggered an acute rise of the Isc and increment of negative PD to seven-fold of baseline, which was diminished in HCO3(-)-free, but not Na+- free buffer. The rise of Isc was inhibited by pretreatment with di-isothiocyanatostilbene-2, 2'-disulphonic acid (DIDS) and 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA). Topical carbachol, capsaicin, forskolin or CFTR(inh)-172 had no effect on basal Isc.CFTR(inh)-172 did not reduce the acid-increased Isc. Functional ablation of capsaicin-sensitive nerves had no effect on the acid-induced Isc. The phenomenon of enhanced ion fluxes upon acid stimulation was confirmed in human esophageal specimens. Our results demonstrated that the mechanism of acid-induced rapid transepithelial ion fluxes is dependent on the presence of bicarbonate ions as well as functional anion transporters and Na+/H+ exchanger, but independent of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The capsaicin-sensitive and muscarinic-dependent nerve pathways did not play roles in the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Lin
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yang CC, Chien CT, Wu MH, Ma MC, Chen CF. NMDA receptor blocker ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal dysfunction in rat kidneys. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2008; 294:F1433-40. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00481.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activated by glutamate/glycine is located in the kidneys. The NMDA receptor subunit NR1 is increased in damaged renal tissue. This study explored the role of NMDA receptors in ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal dysfunction in rats. With Western blot analysis and renal functional assay, NMDA receptor expression was evaluated, as well as its functional role in female Wistar rat kidneys after 45 min of unilateral ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. The effects of intrarenal NMDA receptor agonist and antagonist on renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine volume (UV), sodium (UNaV), and potassium (UKV) excretion were determined. NMDA NR1 was present in the glomeruli, brush-border membrane, and outer medulla but not in the cortex and inner medulla. Homogenous distribution of non-NMDA GluR2/3, sparse kainate KA1, and undetectable group I of metabotropic glutamate receptor were noted in the control kidneys. Ischemia-reperfusion kidneys showed enhanced renal NR1, but not NR2C and GluR2/3 expression, and were associated with decreased GFR/RBF and natriuretic/diuretic responses. Intrarenal NMDA agonists significantly reduced GFR, UV, UNaV, and UKV but had no effect on blood pressure and RBF in sham control and ischemia-reperfusion kidneys. NMDA antagonist d-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (D-AP-5) treatment completely abolished NMDA-induced renal dysfunction. D-AP-5 treatment significantly ameliorated ischemia-reperfusion-induced glomerular and tubular dysfunction by restoring decreased GFR, UV, and UNaV levels. Ischemia-reperfusion upregulates renal NMDA NR1 receptor expression, leading to reduced glomerular and tubular function in the kidneys. The NMDA antagonist can ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal dysfunction.
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Berthouly C, Bed'Hom B, Tixier-Boichard M, Chen CF, Lee YP, Laloë D, Legros H, Verrier E, Rognon X. Using molecular markers and multivariate methods to study the genetic diversity of local European and Asian chicken breeds. Anim Genet 2008; 39:121-9. [PMID: 18366475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Berthouly
- AgroParisTech, UMR1236 Génétique et Diversité Animales, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75321 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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Peng PH, Ko ML, Chen CF. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression and activity. Exp Eye Res 2008; 86:637-46. [PMID: 18289530 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury causes profound tissue damage, especially retinal ganglion cell death. The aims of the study were twofold: (1) to investigate the benefits of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major catechin found in tea, after IR challenge, and (2) to elucidate the mechanism of EGCG inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression. Wistar female rats were divided into four groups: normal control, EGCG with sham operation, retinal IR, and EGCG with IR groups. EGCG (50mg/kg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection 30 min before the experiment. IR injury to a rat's retina was induced by raising intraocular pressure to 150 mmHg for 60 min. With EGCG pretreatment, retinal ganglion cell death from IR was reduced by approximately 10% 3 days afterward. EGCG significantly downregulated IR-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein expression. EGCG treatment also reduced TUNEL-positive cells after IR in the inner retina as well as IR-induced lipid peroxidation. Histological analyses showed fewer neuronal NOS and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase-positive cells in the retina after IR with EGCG administration. Therefore, EGCG is effective in protecting retinal ganglion cells from IR challenge by ameliorating retinal nitrosactive stress and by regulating cell death through apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pai-Huei Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen CF, Wang D, Lin HI, Shen CY, Yang NP. Translocation of pancreatic juice after ischemia and reperfusion of the intestines and the effects of gabexate mesilate (FOY) in rats. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:861-3. [PMID: 17524833 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate pancreatic juice translocation after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). METHODS Ischemia was induced by clamping the rat SMA for 40 minutes, after which flow was restored and the SMA reperfused for 300 minutes. The blood levels of amylase and lipase were measured to reflect the dislocation of pancreatic juice. Organ injury parameters, such as the blood concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, creatinine kinase, and creatinine and the lung weight/body weight ratio were measured as well as inflammatory parameters such as tumor necrosis factor, hydroxyl radical, and nitric oxide levels. RESULTS Organ injury and inflammatory parameters all increased significantly after I/R. Reperfusion of the intestine also induced a significant increase in the levels of pancreatic juice in the blood. After administration of the enzyme inhibitor, gabexate mesilate (FOY; 10 mg/kg), by injection into the duodenum, organ injury was significantly attenuated. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that I/R of the SMA induced multiple organ injuries that appeared to be dependent on the translocation of pancreatic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chan CY, Chen YS, Lee HH, Huang HS, Lai YL, Chen CF, Ma MC. Erythropoietin protects post-ischemic hearts by preventing extracellular matrix degradation: role of Jak2-ERK pathway. Life Sci 2007; 81:717-23. [PMID: 17707437 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2007] [Revised: 06/25/2007] [Accepted: 07/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Factors predisposing to extracellular matrix degradation associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR) usually cause cell death. Recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) protects the myocardium from IR, but whether it affects extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation is not known. This study examined the effect of the Jak2-ERK pathway, which is triggered by EPO, on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitor of MMP 4 (TIMP-4), and collagen in post-ischemic hearts. Rat hearts were isolated and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus. IR was induced by 40 min of stopped flow and 120 min of aerobic reperfusion; EPO was added immediately before reperfusion. Compared to untreated controls, poor recovery of the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) was seen in IR hearts. IR resulted in myocyte injury measured by creatine kinase MB release and infarction. Western blot analysis showed increased levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and reduced levels of TIMP-4 and collagen III. IR rats given 5 IU/ml of EPO showed improved LVDP with reduced injury. EPO increased Jak2 and ERK activity, decreased MMP expression, increased TIMP-4 expression, and prevented collagen degradation in IR hearts. All these effects were blocked by the upstream ERK inhibitor, U0126 (5 microM). These observations show that EPO attenuates extracellular matrix degradation following IR and this may be the basis of the protection from cell death. Jak2-ERK phosphorylation may be an important signal in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yang Chan
- Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Division, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, 21, Sec. 2, Nanya S. Road, Panchaio 220, Taiwan
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Yang CC, Ma MC, Chien CT, Wu MS, Sun WK, Chen CF. Hypoxic preconditioning attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in rat kidneys. J Physiol 2007; 582:407-19. [PMID: 17317755 PMCID: PMC2075274 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.122747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Accepted: 02/16/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypoxic (CH) preconditioning reduces superoxide-induced renal dysfunction via the upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and contents. Endotoxaemia reduces renal antioxidant status. We hypothesize that CH preconditioning might protect the kidney from subsequent endotoxaemia-induced oxidative injury. Endotoxaemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 4 mg kg(-1)) in rats kept at sea level (SL) and rats with CH in an altitude chamber (5500 m for 15 h day(-1)) for 4 weeks. LPS enhanced xanthine oxidase (XO) and gp91phox (catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase) expression associated with burst amount of superoxide production from the SL kidney surface and renal venous blood detected by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. LPS induced a morphologic-independent renal dysfunction in baseline and acute saline loading stages and increased renal IL-1beta protein and urinary protein concentration in the SL rats. After 4 weeks of induction, CH significantly increased Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD and catalase expression (16 +/- 17, 128 +/- 35 and 48 +/- 21, respectively) in renal cortex, and depressed renal cortex XO (44 +/- 16%) and renal cortex (20 +/- 9%) and medulla (28 +/- 11%) gp91phox when compared with SL rats. The combined effect of enhanced antioxidant proteins and depressed oxidative proteins significantly reduced LPS-enhanced superoxide production, renal XO and gp91phox expression, renal IL-1beta production, and urinary protein level. CH also ameliorated LPS-induced renal dysfunction in the baseline and acute saline loading periods. We conclude that CH treatment enhances the intrarenal antioxidant/oxidative protein ratio to overcome endotoxaemia-induced reactive oxygen species formation and inflammatory cytokine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yang KT, Lin CY, Huang HL, Liou JS, Chien CY, Wu CP, Huang CW, Ou BR, Chen CF, Lee YP, Lin EC, Tang PC, Lee WC, Ding ST, Cheng WTK, Huang MC. Expressed transcripts associated with high rates of egg production in chicken ovarian follicles. Mol Cell Probes 2007; 22:47-54. [PMID: 17692502 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Revised: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize differentially expressed transcripts associated with varying rates of egg production in Taiwan country chickens. Ovarian follicles were isolated from two strains of chicken which showed low (B) or high (L2) rates of egg production, then processed for RNA extraction and cDNA library construction. Three thousand and eight forty clones were randomly selected from the cDNA library and amplified by PCR, then used in microarray analysis. Differentially expressed transcripts (P<0.05, log(2)> or = 1.75) were sequenced, and aligned using GenBank. This analysis revealed 20 non-redundant sequences which corresponded to known transcripts. Eight transcripts were expressed at a higher level in ovarian tissue prepared from chicken strain B, and 12 transcripts were expressed at a higher level in L2 birds. These differential patterns of expression were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. We show that transcripts of cyclin B2 (cycB2), ferritin heavy polypeptide 1 (FTH1), Gag-Pol polyprotein, thymosin beta4 (TB4) and elongation factor 1 alpha1 (EEF1A1) were enriched in B strain ovarian follicles. In contrast, thioredoxin (TXN), acetyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain (ACADL), inhibitor of growth family member 4 (ING4) and annexin II (ANXA2) were expressed in at higher levels in the L2 strain. We suggest that our approach may lead to the isolation of effective molecular markers that can be used in selection programs in Taiwan country chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Yang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wann JG, Hsu YH, Yang CC, Lin CS, Tai DW, Chen JS, Hsiao CW, Chen CF. Neutrophils in acidotic haemodialysed patients have lower intracellular pH and inflamed state. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22:2613-22. [PMID: 17504845 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfm227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of intracellular pH (pHi) on neutrophils has not been clearly defined. METHODS We used pre-dialysis neutrophils from three groups of haemodialysis (HD) patients having different levels of pre-dialysis plasma bicarbonate concentrations (PHCO3) and pH values (pre-dialysis PHCO3 of groups A, B and C were consistently<or=21, 21-26 and>or=26 mmol/l [mEq/l], respectively) and neutrophils from age- and sex-matched healthy controls to determine pHi, apoptosis, phagocytosis and oxidative burst reactions in vivo. We also studied, in group A, the effect of metabolic acidosis correction on neutrophil function. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of intracellular acidification on neutrophil functioning in vitro. RESULTS Neutrophils from the HD patients in group A exhibited significantly lower pHi than those in groups B and C. In addition, group A neutrophils had significantly delayed apoptosis, enhanced phagocytosis and increased oxidative burst reactions compared with those in groups B and C. These alterations in neutrophil function in group A were reduced by correcting metabolic acidosis over a period of 1 month. Moreover, our in vitro studies demonstrated that the pHi of neutrophils is positively correlated with apoptosis and inversely correlated with phagocytosis and oxidative burst reactions. CONCLUSION HD patients having low PHCO3 exhibited low neutrophil pHi. This intracellular acidification may contribute to the delayed apoptosis, enhanced phagocytosis and increased oxidative burst reactions observed in these neutrophils compared with neutrophils having normal or higher pHi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Wann
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan, China
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