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Hu X, Yasir M, Zhuo Y, Cai Y, Ren X, Rong J. Genomic insights into glume pubescence in durum wheat: GWAS and haplotype analysis implicates TdELD1-1A as a candidate gene. Gene 2024; 909:148309. [PMID: 38417687 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Glume pubescence is an important morphological trait for the characterization of wheat cultivars. It shows tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses to some extent. Hg1 (formerly named Hg) locus on chromosome 1AS controls glume pubescence in wheat. Its genetic analysis, fine-mapping and candidate gene analysis have been widely studied recently, however, the cloning of Hg1 has not yet been reported. Here, we conducted a GWAS between a dense panel of 171,103 SNPs and glume pubescence (Gp) in a durum wheat population of 145 lines, and further analyzed the candidate genes of Hg1 combined with the gene expression, functional annotation, and haplotype analysis. As a results, TRITD0Uv1G104670 (TdELD1-1A), encoding glycosyltransferase-like ELD1/KOBITO 1, was detected as the most promising candidate gene of Hg1 for glume pubescence in durum wheat. Our findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of its cloning and functional validation but also underscore the significance of accurate genome sequences and annotations. Additionally, our study highlights the relevance of unanchored sequences in chrUn and the application of bioinformatics analysis for gene discovery in durum wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Zhuo
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijing Cai
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xifeng Ren
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Junkang Rong
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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Kaushik M, Mulani E, Kumar A, Chauhan H, Saini MR, Bharati A, Gayatri, Iyyappan Y, Madhavan J, Sevanthi AM, Mandal PK. Starch and storage protein dynamics in the developing and matured grains of durum wheat and diploid progenitor species. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131177. [PMID: 38583842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Durum wheat, less immunogenically intolerant than bread wheat, originates from diploid progenitors known for nutritional quality and stress tolerance. Present study involves the analysis of major grain parameters, viz. size, weight, sugar, starch, and protein content of Triticum durum (AABB genome) and its diploid progenitors, Triticum monococcum (AA genome) and Aegilops speltoides (BB genome). Samples were collected during 2-5 weeks after anthesis (WAA), and at maturity. The investigation revealed that T. durum displayed the maximum grain size and weight. Expression analysis of Grain Weight 2 (GW2) and Glutamine Synthase (GS2), negative and positive regulators of grain weight and size, respectively, revealed higher GW2 expression in Ae. speltoides and higher GS2 expression in T. durum. Further we explored total starch, sugar and protein content, observing higher levels of starch and sugar in durum wheat while AA genome species exhibited higher protein content dominated by the fractions of albumin/globulin. HPLC profiling revealed unique sub-fractions in all three genome species. Additionally, a comparative transcriptome analysis also corroborated with the starch and protein content in the grains. This study provides valuable insights into the genetic and biochemical distinctions among durum wheat and its diploid progenitors, offering a foundation for their nutritional composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Kaushik
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ekta Mulani
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Manish Ranjan Saini
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Alka Bharati
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Gayatri
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Yuvaraj Iyyappan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Jayanthi Madhavan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agriculture Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amitha Mithra Sevanthi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute for Plant Biotechnology (ICAR-NIPB), LBS Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
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Zhang Z, Xia Z, Zhou C, Wang G, Meng X, Yin P. Insights into Salinity Tolerance in Wheat. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:573. [PMID: 38790202 PMCID: PMC11121000 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Salt stress has a detrimental impact on food crop production, with its severity escalating due to both natural and man-made factors. As one of the most important food crops, wheat is susceptible to salt stress, resulting in abnormal plant growth and reduced yields; therefore, damage from salt stress should be of great concern. Additionally, the utilization of land in coastal areas warrants increased attention, given diminishing supplies of fresh water and arable land, and the escalating demand for wheat. A comprehensive understanding of the physiological and molecular changes in wheat under salt stress can offer insights into mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on wheat. In this review, we summarized the genes and molecular mechanisms involved in ion transport, signal transduction, and enzyme and hormone regulation, in response to salt stress based on the physiological processes in wheat. Then, we surveyed the latest progress in improving the salt tolerance of wheat through breeding, exogenous applications, and microbial pathways. Breeding efficiency can be improved through a combination of gene editing and multiple omics techniques, which is the fundamental strategy for dealing with salt stress. Possible challenges and prospects in this process were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pengcheng Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Z.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.Z.); (G.W.); (X.M.)
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Gracia-Romero A, Vatter T, Kefauver SC, Rezzouk FZ, Segarra J, Nieto-Taladriz MT, Aparicio N, Araus JL. Defining durum wheat ideotypes adapted to Mediterranean environments through remote sensing traits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1254301. [PMID: 37731983 PMCID: PMC10508639 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1254301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
An acceleration of the genetic advances of durum wheat, as a major crop for the Mediterranean region, is required, but phenotyping still represents a bottleneck for breeding. This study aims to define durum wheat ideotypes under Mediterranean conditions by selecting the most suitable phenotypic remote sensing traits among different ones informing on characteristics related with leaf pigments/photosynthetic status, crop water status, and crop growth/green biomass. A set of 24 post-green revolution durum wheat cultivars were assessed in a wide set of 19 environments, accounted as the specific combinations of a range of latitudes in Spain, under different management conditions (water regimes and planting dates), through 3 consecutive years. Thus, red-green-blue and multispectral derived vegetation indices and canopy temperature were evaluated at anthesis and grain filling. The potential of the assessed remote sensing parameters alone and all combined as grain yield (GY) predictors was evaluated through random forest regression models performed for each environment and phenological stage. Biomass and plot greenness indicators consistently proved to be reliable GY predictors in all of the environments tested for both phenological stages. For the lowest-yielding environment, the contribution of water status measurements was higher during anthesis, whereas, for the highest-yielding environments, better predictions were reported during grain filling. Remote sensing traits measured during the grain filling and informing on pigment content and photosynthetic capacity were highlighted under the environments with warmer conditions, as the late-planting treatments. Overall, canopy greenness indicators were reported as the highest correlated traits for most of the environments and regardless of the phenological moment assessed. The addition of carbon isotope composition of mature kernels was attempted to increase the accuracies, but only a few were slightly benefited, as differences in water status among cultivars were already accounted by the measurement of canopy temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Gracia-Romero
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - Thomas Vatter
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - Shawn C. Kefauver
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - Fatima Zahra Rezzouk
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | - Joel Segarra
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Aparicio
- Agro-technological Institute of Castilla y León (ITACyL), Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Lleida, Spain
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Elsharawy H, Refat M. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in wheat: enhancing quality and productivity for global food security-a review. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:265. [PMID: 37541970 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop that is grown all over the world for food and industrial purposes. Wheat is essential to the human diet due to its rich content of necessary amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and calories. Various wheat breeding techniques have been utilized to improve its quality, productivity, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress impairing production. However, these techniques are expensive, demanding, and time-consuming. Additionally, these techniques need multiple generations to provide the desired results, and the improved traits could be lost over time. To overcome these challenges, researchers have developed various genome editing tools to improve the quality and quantity of cereal crops, including wheat. Genome editing technologies evolve quickly. Nowadays, single or multiple mutations can be enabled and targeted at specific loci in the plant genome, allowing controlled removal of undesirable features or insertion of advantageous ones. Clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) is a powerful genome editing tool that can be effectively used for precise genome editing of wheat and other crops. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of this technology's potential applications to enhance wheat's quality and productivity. It will first explore the function of CRISPR/Cas9 in preserving the adaptive immunity of prokaryotic organisms, followed by a discussion of its current applications in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Elsharawy
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Moath Refat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Frankin S, Cna'ani A, Bonfil DJ, Tzin V, Nashef K, Degen D, Simhon Y, Baizerman M, Ibba MI, González Santoyo HI, Luna CV, Cervantes Lopez JF, Ogen A, Goldberg BZ, Abbo S, Ben-David R. New flavors from old wheats: exploring the aroma profiles and sensory attributes of local Mediterranean wheat landraces. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1059078. [PMID: 37275635 PMCID: PMC10234510 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1059078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the 20th century, the worldwide genetic diversity of wheat was sharply eroded by continual selection for high yields and industry demands for particular standardized qualities. A collection of Israeli and Palestinian landraces (IPLR) was established to represent genetic diversity, accumulated for ten millennia under diverse environments, which was mostly lost in this transition. As our long-term goal is to study this pre- Green Revolution genetic reservoir, herein we focus on its flour and bread quality and sensorial attributes. Methods Initially, a database was built for the entire IPLR collection (n=901) holding both Triticum durum (durum wheat) and T. aestivum (bread wheat) which included genetic and phenotypic characterization of agronomic traits, grain and flour quality. Then, a representative subset of the IPLR was selected and compared to modern varieties for dough quality, rheology, aroma and taste using both whole and refined flours and breads. The sensory panel used 40 subjects who evaluated common protocol or sourdough breads made by four artisan bakers. Results Results show modern durum cultivar C-9 had superior rheological properties (gluten index, elasticity, dough development time) as compared with landraces, while bread landrace 'Diar Alla' was markedly preferable for baking in relation to the modern cultivar Gadish. Baking tests and subsequent sensory evaluation clearly demonstrated a preference toward refined breads, apart from whole breads prepared using sourdough starters. In bread wheat, loaves baked using landrace flour were scored higher in several quality parameters, whereas in durum lines, the opposite trend was evident. Loaves baked from landraces 'Diar Alla' and to a lesser extent 'Hittia Soada' presented a markedly different aroma from the control loaves prepared from modern flours, both in terms of overall compositions and individual compounds, including classes such as pyranones, pyrazines, furans and pyrroles (maltol). Modern lines, on the other hand, were consistently richer in terpenes and phenylpropanoids. Further analysis demonstrated a significant association between specific aroma classes and sensory attributes scored by panelists. Discussion The findings of the study may help advance new niches in the local wheat market aimed at health and nutrition including adapting durum varieties to the bread market and developing flavor-enhanced wholemeal breads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Frankin
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization–Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Cna'ani
- Department of Food Sciences (UCPH-FOOD), Design and Consumer Behavior, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Jacob Blaustein Center for Scientific Cooperation, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - David J. Bonfil
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Vered Tzin
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Kamal Nashef
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization–Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Doron Degen
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Yasmin Simhon
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Marina Baizerman
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization–Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Maria Itria Ibba
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Heroica Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Cyntia Velazquez Luna
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Heroica Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Anomarel Ogen
- Bread Holdings Inc.-GAIL's The Bread Factory, Bertinet, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shahal Abbo
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roi Ben-David
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization–Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Yue H, Yue W, Jiao S, Kim H, Lee YH, Wei G, Song W, Shu D. Plant domestication shapes rhizosphere microbiome assembly and metabolic functions. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:70. [PMID: 37004105 PMCID: PMC10064753 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rhizosphere microbiome, which is shaped by host genotypes, root exudates, and plant domestication, is crucial for sustaining agricultural plant growth. Despite its importance, how plant domestication builds up specific rhizosphere microbiomes and metabolic functions, as well as the importance of these affected rhizobiomes and relevant root exudates in maintaining plant growth, is not well understood. Here, we firstly investigated the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities of domestication and wild accessions of tetraploid wheat using amplicon sequencing (16S and ITS) after 9 years of domestication process at the main production sites in China. We then explored the ecological roles of root exudation in shaping rhizosphere microbiome functions by integrating metagenomics and metabolic genomics approaches. Furthermore, we established evident linkages between root morphology traits and keystone taxa based on microbial culture and plant inoculation experiments. RESULTS Our results suggested that plant rhizosphere microbiomes were co-shaped by both host genotypes and domestication status. The wheat genomes contributed more variation in the microbial diversity and composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities than fungal communities, whereas plant domestication status exerted much stronger influences on the fungal communities. In terms of microbial interkingdom association networks, domestication destabilized microbial network and depleted the abundance of keystone fungal taxa. Moreover, we found that domestication shifted the rhizosphere microbiome from slow growing and fungi dominated to fast growing and bacteria dominated, thereby resulting in a shift from fungi-dominated membership with enrichment of carbon fixation genes to bacteria-dominated membership with enrichment of carbon degradation genes. Metagenomics analyses further indicated that wild cultivars of wheat possess higher microbial function diversity than domesticated cultivars. Notably, we found that wild cultivar is able to harness rhizosphere microorganism carrying N transformation (i.e., nitrification, denitrification) and P mineralization pathway, whereas rhizobiomes carrying inorganic N fixation, organic N ammonification, and inorganic P solubilization genes are recruited by the releasing of root exudates from domesticated wheat. More importantly, our metabolite-wide association study indicated that the contrasting functional roles of root exudates and the harnessed keystone microbial taxa with different nutrient acquisition strategies jointly determined the aboveground plant phenotypes. Furthermore, we observed that although domesticated and wild wheats recruited distinct microbial taxa and relevant functions, domestication-induced recruitment of keystone taxa led to a consistent growth regulation of root regardless of wheat domestication status. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that plant domestication profoundly influences rhizosphere microbiome assembly and metabolic functions and provide evidence that host plants are able to harness a differentiated ecological role of root-associated keystone microbiomes through the release of root exudates to sustain belowground multi-nutrient cycles and plant growth. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying plant-microbiome interactions and how to harness the rhizosphere microbiome for crop improvement in sustainable agriculture. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjie Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Jiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Gehong Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Weining Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Duntao Shu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Kroupina AY, Yanovsky AS, Korobkova VA, Bespalova LA, Arkhipov AV, Bukreeva GI, Voropaeva AD, Kroupin PY, Litvinov DY, Mudrova AA, Ulyanov DS, Karlov GI, Divashuk MG. Allelic Variation of Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 Genes in Winter Durum Wheat and Its Effect on Quality Parameters. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071436. [PMID: 37048256 PMCID: PMC10094184 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Winter durum wheat is a relatively young crop that is highly adaptable due to its winter type of growth habit. The priority of breeding and genetic improvement of winter durum wheat is to improve grain quality and pasta quality, largely determined by the glutenin storage proteins. In the present study, a collection of 76 accessions of winter durum wheat from P.P. Lukyanenko National Grain Centre was studied. The allelic state of high-molecular-weight glutenin genes, Glu-A1 and Glu-B1, using PCR markers and SDS-PAGE was identified and grain and pasta quality traits were assessed in a two-year field experiment. The positive effect of the Glu-A1a allele and a negative effect of Glu-A1c on the gluten index were shown. It was found that Glu-B1al and Glu-B1f have a positive effect on the quality and quantity of protein and gluten, while the Glu-A1c + Glu-B1al genotypes were closest to the high-quality category in protein-associated quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksey S. Yanovsky
- P.P. Lukyanenko National Grain Centre, Central Estate of KNIISH, 350012 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Varvara A. Korobkova
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila A. Bespalova
- P.P. Lukyanenko National Grain Centre, Central Estate of KNIISH, 350012 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Arkhipov
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina I. Bukreeva
- P.P. Lukyanenko National Grain Centre, Central Estate of KNIISH, 350012 Krasnodar, Russia
| | | | - Pavel Yu. Kroupin
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Y. Litvinov
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra A. Mudrova
- P.P. Lukyanenko National Grain Centre, Central Estate of KNIISH, 350012 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Daniil S. Ulyanov
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady I. Karlov
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail G. Divashuk
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Requena-Ramírez MD, Rodríguez-Suárez C, Ávila CM, Palomino C, Hornero-Méndez D, Atienza SG. Bread Wheat Biofortification for Grain Carotenoid Content by Inter-Specific Breeding. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071365. [PMID: 37048186 PMCID: PMC10092970 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bread wheat has traditionally been selected for whitish derived flours. As a consequence, the current varieties carry carotenogenic alleles associated with low grain carotenoid. In contrast, high grain yellow pigment content (YPC) has been a major target in durum wheat programs since yellow colour is an important aesthetic factor for pasta production. Phytoene synthase 1 (Psy1) genes have an important role in the determination of the carotenoid content in wheat. In this work, we have transferred the genes Psy1-A1 and Psy1-B1 from durum to bread wheat by inter-specific hybridization in order to evaluate the combined effect of these genes for the improvement of grain carotenoid content, as well as the development of carotenoid-enriched bread wheat lines. Inter-specific breeding coupled with a MAS approach based on Psy1-A1 and Psy1-B1 alleles has allowed the development of bread wheat pre-breeding lines with enhanced grain carotenoid content (16-23% mean). These biofortified lines have the potential to become new varieties or to be used as recurrent parents in bread wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmen M Ávila
- Área Mejora y Biotecnología, IFAPA-Centro Alameda del Obispo, Apdo. 3092, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Palomino
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Alameda del Obispo, s/n, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Dámaso Hornero-Méndez
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Ctra de Utrera, Km 1, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sergio G Atienza
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Alameda del Obispo, s/n, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Zingale S, Spina A, Ingrao C, Fallico B, Timpanaro G, Anastasi U, Guarnaccia P. Factors Affecting the Nutritional, Health, and Technological Quality of Durum Wheat for Pasta-Making: A Systematic Literature Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:530. [PMID: 36771615 PMCID: PMC9920027 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is one of the most important food sources in the world, playing a key role in human nutrition, as well as in the economy of the different countries in which its production areas are concentrated. Its grain also represents a staple and highly versatile ingredient in the development of health foods. Nonetheless, the aspects determining durum wheat's health quality and their interactions are many, complex, and not entirely known. Therefore, the present systematic literature review aims at advancing the understanding of the relationships among nutritional, health, and technological properties of durum wheat grain, semolina, and pasta, by evaluating the factors that, either positively or negatively, can affect the quality of the products. Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched utilising sets of keywords following the PRISMA guidelines, and the relevant results of the definitive 154 eligible studies were presented and discussed. Thus, the review identified the most promising strategies to improve durum wheat quality and highlighted the importance of adopting multidisciplinary approaches for such purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zingale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alfio Spina
- Agricultural Research Council and Economics (CREA)—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Carlo Ingrao
- Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Largo Abbazia Santa Scolastica, 53, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Biagio Fallico
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Timpanaro
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Umberto Anastasi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Guarnaccia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
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11
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Prediction of wheat flours composition using fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pastuszak J, Dziurka M, Hornyák M, Szczerba A, Kopeć P, Płażek A. Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Salinity Resistance of Three Durum Wheat Genotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158397. [PMID: 35955532 PMCID: PMC9369059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The area of farming lands affected by increasing soil salinity is growing significantly worldwide. For this reason, breeding works are conducted to improve the salinity tolerance of important crop species. The goal of the present study was to indicate physiological or biochemical parameters characterizing three durum wheat accessions with various tolerance to salinity. The study was carried out on germinating seeds and mature plants of a Polish SMH87 line, an Australian cultivar ‘Tamaroi’ (salt-sensitive), and the BC5Nax2 line (salt-tolerant) exposed to 0–150 mM NaCl. Germination parameters, electrolyte leakage (EL), and salt susceptibility index were determined in the germinating caryopses, whereas photosynthetic parameters, carbohydrate and phenolic content, antioxidant activity as well as yield were measured in fully developed plants. The parameters that most differentiated the examined accessions in the germination phase were the percentage of germinating seeds (PGS) and germination vigor (Vi). In the fully developed plants, parameters included whether the plants had the maximum efficiency of the water-splitting reaction on the donor side of photosystem II (PSII)–Fv/F0, energy dissipation from PSII–DIo/CSm, and the content of photosynthetic pigments and hydrogen peroxide, which differentiated studied genotypes in terms of salinity tolerance degree. Salinity has a negative impact on grain yield by reducing the number of seeds per spike and the mass of one thousand seeds (MTS), which can be used as the most suitable parameter for determining tolerance to salinity stress. The most salt-tolerant BC5Nax2 line was characterized by the highest PGS, and Vi for NaCl concentration of 100–150 mM, content of chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids, and also MTS at all applied salt concentrations as compared with the other accessions. The most salt-sensitive cv. ‘Tamaroi’ demonstrated higher H2O2 concentration which proves considerable oxidative damage caused by salinity stress. Mentioned parameters can be helpful for breeders in the selection of genotypes the most resistant to this stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Pastuszak
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Michał Dziurka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Marta Hornyák
- Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Anna Szczerba
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Kopeć
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Płażek
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (A.P.)
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Balla MY, Gorafi YSA, Kamal NM, Abdalla MGA, Tahir ISA, Tsujimoto H. Exploiting Wild Emmer Wheat Diversity to Improve Wheat A and B Genomes in Breeding for Heat Stress Adaptation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:895742. [PMID: 35937332 PMCID: PMC9355596 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.895742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is highly sensitive to temperature beyond the optimum. To improve wheat adaptation to heat stress, the best option is to exploit the diversity of wild wheat progenitors. This study aimed to identify germplasm and quantitative trait loci associated with heat stress tolerance from wild emmer wheat diversity. We evaluated a diverse set of multiple derivative lines harboring chromosome segments from nine wild emmer wheat parents under four environments: two optimum environments at Tottori, Japan and Dongola, Sudan, one moderate heat stress environment, and one severe heat stress environment at Wad Medani, Sudan. Genome-wide association analysis was conducted with 13,312 SNP markers. Strong marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified for chlorophyll content at maturity on chromosomes 1A and 5B: these MTAs explained 28.8 and 26.8% of the variation, respectively. A region on chromosome 3A (473.7-638.4 Mbp) contained MTAs controlling grain yield, under optimum and severe heat stress. Under severe heat stress, regions on chromosomes 3A (590.4-713.3 Mbp) controlled grain yield, biomass, days to maturity and thousand kernel weight, and on 3B (744.0-795.2 Mbp) grain yield and biomass. Heat tolerance efficiency (HTE) was controlled by three MTAs, one each on chromosomes 2A, 2B, and 5A under moderate heat stress and one MTA on chromosome 3A under severe heat stress. Some of the MTAs found here were previously reported, but the new ones originated from the wild emmer wheat genomes. The favorable alleles identified from wild emmer wheat were absent or rare in the elite durum wheat germplasm being bred for heat stress tolerance. This study provides potential genetic materials, alleles, MTAs, and quantitative trait loci for enhancing wheat adaptation to heat stress. The derivative lines studied here could be investigated to enhance other stress tolerance such as drought and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasir Serag Alnor Gorafi
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Nasrein Mohamed Kamal
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan
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Zhang J, Zhu W, Goodwin PH, Lin Q, Xia M, Xu W, Sun R, Liang J, Wu C, Li H, Wang Q, Yang L. Response of Fusarium pseudograminearum to Biocontrol Agent Bacillus velezensis YB-185 by Phenotypic and Transcriptome Analysis. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080763. [PMID: 35893131 PMCID: PMC9331925 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biological control agents (BCAs) is a promising alternative control measure for Fusarium crown rot (FCR) of wheat caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum. A bacterial strain, YB-185, was isolated from the soil of wheat plants with FCR and identified as Bacillus velezensis. YB-185 exhibited strong inhibition of F. pseudograminearum mycelial growth and conidial germination in culture. Seed treatment with YB-185 in greenhouse and field resulted in reductions in disease by 66.1% and 57.6%, respectively, along with increased grain yield. Microscopy of infected root tissues confirmed that YB-185 reduced root invasion by F. pseudograminearum. RNA-seq of F. pseudograminearum during co-cultivation with B. velezensis YB-185 revealed 5086 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to the control. Down-regulated DEGs included genes for glucan synthesis, fatty acid synthesis, mechanosensitive ion channels, superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxin, thioredoxin, and plant-cell-wall-degrading enzymes, whereas up-regulated DEGs included genes for chitin synthesis, ergosterol synthesis, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, and ABC transporters. In addition, fungal cell apoptosis increased significantly, as indicated by TUNEL staining, and the scavenging rate of 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation (ABTS·+) in the fungus significantly decreased. Thus, F. pseudograminearum may be trying to maintain normal cell functions by increasing cell wall and membrane synthesis, antioxidant and anti-stress responses, detoxification of bacterial antimicrobial compounds, and transportation of damaging compounds from its cells. However, cell death and free radical accumulation still occurred, indicating that the responses were insufficient to prevent cell damage. Bacillus velezensis YB-185 is a promising BCA against FCR that acts by directly damaging F. pseudograminearum, thus reducing its ability to colonize roots and produce symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Wenqian Zhu
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Paul H. Goodwin
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Qitong Lin
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Mingcong Xia
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Wen Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Runhong Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Juan Liang
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Chao Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Honglian Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural Microbiology Innovation Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (J.Z.); (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.X.); (W.X.); (R.S.); (J.L.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-371-6585-2150
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15
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Dispersed emergence and protracted domestication of polyploid wheat uncovered by mosaic ancestral haploblock inference. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3891. [PMID: 35794156 PMCID: PMC9259585 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Major crops are all survivors of domestication bottlenecks. Studies have focused on the genetic loci related to the domestication syndrome, while the contribution of ancient haplotypes remains largely unknown. Here, an ancestral genomic haploblock dissection method is developed and applied to a resequencing dataset of 386 tetraploid/hexaploid wheat accessions, generating a pan-ancestry haploblock map. Together with cytoplastic evidences, we reveal that domesticated polyploid wheat emerged from the admixture of six founder wild emmer lineages, which contributed the foundation of ancestral mosaics. The key domestication-related loci, originated over a wide geographical range, were gradually pyramided through a protracted process. Diverse stable-inheritance ancestral haplotype groups of the chromosome central zone are identified, revealing the expanding routes of wheat and the trends of modern wheat breeding. Finally, an evolution model of polyploid wheat is proposed, highlighting the key role of wild-to-crop and interploidy introgression, that increased genomic diversity following bottlenecks introduced by domestication and polyploidization. The contribution of ancient haplotypes to domestication is largely unknown. Here, the authors develop an ancestral genomic haploblock dissection method to generate a mosaic pan-ancestry genomic map and reveal that the domesticated polyploidy wheat emerged from the admixture of six founder wild emmer linages.
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Population structure, allelic variation at Rht-B1 and Ppd-A1 loci and its effects on agronomic traits in Argentinian durum wheat. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9629. [PMID: 35688907 PMCID: PMC9187632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13563-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring the genetic variability in yield and yield-related traits is essential to continue improving genetic gains. Fifty-nine Argentinian durum wheat cultivars were analyzed for important agronomic traits in three field experiments. The collection was genotyped with 3565 genome-wide SNPs and functional markers in order to determine the allelic variation at Rht-B1 and Ppd-A1 genes. Population structure analyses revealed the presence of three main groups, composed by old, modern and genotypes with European or CIMMYT ancestry. The photoperiod sensitivity Ppd-A1b allele showed higher frequency (75%) than the insensitivity one Ppd-A1a (GS105). The semi-dwarfism Rht-B1b and the Ppd-A1a (GS105) alleles were associated with increases in harvest index and decreases in plant height, grain protein content and earlier heading date, although only the varieties carrying the Rht-B1 variants showed differences in grain yield. Out of the two main yield components, grain number per plant was affected by allelic variants at Rht-B1 and Ppd-A1 loci, while no differences were observed in thousand kernel weight. The increases in grain number per spike associated with Rht-B1b were attributed to a higher grain number per spikelet, whereas Ppd-A1a (GS105) was associated with higher grain number per spikelet, but also with lower spikelets per spike.
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17
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Balla MY, Gorafi YSA, Kamal NM, Abdalla MGA, Tahir ISA, Tsujimoto H. Harnessing the diversity of wild emmer wheat for genetic improvement of durum wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:1671-1684. [PMID: 35257197 PMCID: PMC9110450 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The multiple derivative lines (MDLs) characterized in this study offer a promising strategy for harnessing the diversity of wild emmer wheat for durum and bread wheat improvement. Crop domestication has diminished genetic diversity and reduced phenotypic plasticity and adaptation. Exploring the adaptive capacity of wild progenitors offer promising opportunities to improve crops. We developed a population of 178 BC1F6 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) lines by crossing and backcrossing nine wild emmer wheat (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) accessions with the common durum wheat cultivar 'Miki 3'. Here, we describe the development of this population, which we named as multiple derivative lines (MDLs), and demonstrated its suitability for durum wheat breeding. We genotyped the MDL population, the parents, and 43 Sudanese durum wheat cultivars on a Diversity Array Technology sequencing platform. We evaluated days to heading and plant height in Dongola (Sudan) and in Tottori (Japan). The physical map length of the MDL population was 9 939 Mb with an average of 1.4 SNP/Mb. The MDL population had greater diversity than the Sudanese cultivars. We found high gene exchange between the nine wild emmer accessions and the MDL population, indicating that the MDL captured most of the diversity in the wild emmer accessions. Genome-wide association analysis identified three loci for days to heading on chromosomes 1A and 5A in Dongola and one on chromosome 3B in Tottori. For plant height, common genomic loci were found on chromosomes 4A and 4B in both locations, and one genomic locus on chromosome 7B was found only in Dongola. The results revealed that the MDLs are an effective strategy towards harnessing wild emmer wheat diversity for wheat genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yousif Balla
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553 Japan
| | - Yasir Serag Alnor Gorafi
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001 Japan
- Agricultural Research Corporation, P.O. Box 126, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Nasrein Mohamed Kamal
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001 Japan
- Agricultural Research Corporation, P.O. Box 126, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | | | | | - Hisashi Tsujimoto
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001 Japan
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Avni R, Lux T, Minz‐Dub A, Millet E, Sela H, Distelfeld A, Deek J, Yu G, Steuernagel B, Pozniak C, Ens J, Gundlach H, Mayer KFX, Himmelbach A, Stein N, Mascher M, Spannagl M, Wulff BBH, Sharon A. Genome sequences of three Aegilops species of the section Sitopsis reveal phylogenetic relationships and provide resources for wheat improvement. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:179-192. [PMID: 34997796 PMCID: PMC10138734 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Aegilops is a close relative of wheat (Triticum spp.), and Aegilops species in the section Sitopsis represent a rich reservoir of genetic diversity for the improvement of wheat. To understand their diversity and advance their utilization, we produced whole-genome assemblies of Aegilops longissima and Aegilops speltoides. Whole-genome comparative analysis, along with the recently sequenced Aegilops sharonensis genome, showed that the Ae. longissima and Ae. sharonensis genomes are highly similar and are most closely related to the wheat D subgenome. By contrast, the Ae. speltoides genome is more closely related to the B subgenome. Haplotype block analysis supported the idea that Ae. speltoides genome is closest to the wheat B subgenome, and highlighted variable and similar genomic regions between the three Aegilops species and wheat. Genome-wide analysis of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes revealed species-specific and lineage-specific NLR genes and variants, demonstrating the potential of Aegilops genomes for wheat improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raz Avni
- Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement and School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- Present address: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) GaterslebenCorrensstrasse 3Seeland06466Germany
| | - Thomas Lux
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB)Helmholtz‐Center MunichIngolstädter Landstraße 1NeuherbergD‐85764Germany
| | - Anna Minz‐Dub
- Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute for Cereal Crops ImprovementTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Eitan Millet
- Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute for Cereal Crops ImprovementTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Hanan Sela
- Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement and School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- Present address: Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of EvolutionUniversity of Haifa199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount CarmelHaifa3498838Israel
| | - Assaf Distelfeld
- Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement and School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- Present address: Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of EvolutionUniversity of Haifa199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount CarmelHaifa3498838Israel
| | - Jasline Deek
- Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement and School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Guotai Yu
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
- Present address: Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Thuwal23955‐6900Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Curtis Pozniak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Crop Development Centre, College of Agriculture and BioresourcesUniversity of SaskatchewanCampus Drive 51SaskatoonS7N 5A8Canada
| | - Jennifer Ens
- Department of Plant Sciences and Crop Development Centre, College of Agriculture and BioresourcesUniversity of SaskatchewanCampus Drive 51SaskatoonS7N 5A8Canada
| | - Heidrun Gundlach
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB)Helmholtz‐Center MunichIngolstädter Landstraße 1NeuherbergD‐85764Germany
| | - Klaus F. X. Mayer
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB)Helmholtz‐Center MunichIngolstädter Landstraße 1NeuherbergD‐85764Germany
- Faculty of Life SciencesTechnical University MunichWeihenstephanMunichD‐80333Germany
| | - Axel Himmelbach
- Center of Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Department of Crop SciencesGeorg‐August‐UniversityVon Siebold Str. 8Göttingen37075Germany
| | - Nils Stein
- Center of Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Department of Crop SciencesGeorg‐August‐UniversityVon Siebold Str. 8Göttingen37075Germany
- Leibniz‐Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) GaterslebenCorrensstrasse 3Seeland06466Germany
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz‐Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) GaterslebenCorrensstrasse 3Seeland06466Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigPuschstrasse 4LeipzigD‐04103Germany
| | - Manuel Spannagl
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB)Helmholtz‐Center MunichIngolstädter Landstraße 1NeuherbergD‐85764Germany
| | - Brande B. H. Wulff
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
- Present address: Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)Thuwal23955‐6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Sharon
- Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement and School of Plant Sciences and Food SecurityTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
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Improvement and Re-Evolution of Tetraploid Wheat for Global Environmental Challenge and Diversity Consumption Demand. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042206. [PMID: 35216323 PMCID: PMC8878472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Allotetraploid durum wheat is the second most widely cultivated wheat, following hexaploid bread wheat, and is one of the major protein and calorie sources of the human diet. However, durum wheat is encountered with a severe grain yield bottleneck due to the erosion of genetic diversity stemming from long-term domestication and especially modern breeding programs. The improvement of yield and grain quality of durum wheat is crucial when confronted with the increasing global population, changing climate environments, and the non-ignorable increasing incidence of wheat-related disorders. This review summarized the domestication and evolution process and discussed the durum wheat re-evolution attempts performed by global researchers using diploid einkorn, tetraploid emmer wheat, hexaploid wheat (particularly the D-subgenome), etc. In addition, the re-evolution of durum wheat would be promoted by the genetic enrichment process, which could diversify allelic combinations through enhancing chromosome recombination (pentaploid hybridization or pairing of homologous chromosomes gene Ph mutant line induced homoeologous recombination) and environmental adaptability via alien introgressive genes (wide cross or distant hybridization followed by embryo rescue), and modifying target genes or traits by molecular approaches, such as CRISPR/Cas9 or RNA interference (RNAi). A brief discussion of the future perspectives for exploring germplasm for the modern improvement and re-evolution of durum wheat is included.
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Genetic parameters estimation for some wild wheat species and their F1 hybrids grown in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:521-525. [PMID: 35002448 PMCID: PMC8717142 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important crop for human nutrition that underpins the food safety of Saudi Arabia. The investigation here was to determine heterosis effects using different genetic methods: heterosis over better, mid parents, the genetic advance, and genotype, phenotypic coefficient of variation for estimation some traits among six wheat landraces and their F1 hybrids. In 2019, these landraces were sown using hand and after 100 days, the emasculation and crossing were made among these six landraces using hand emasculation of anthers. In 2020, seeds for these genotypes (six wheat landraces and their F1) were sown under normal irrigation accordingly done in 2019. The results showed that the most important parent was Mabia resulted with the highest value in number of tiller/ plant, 1,000-grain weight, and fresh shoot weight. The highest value of plant height among six parents was Naqra while highest value at the same trait among F1 hybrids was P3 XP6. The estimations of heterosis showed that out of 15 crosses, one cross (P1XP5) was significantly better yield than all crosses for these four traits. The genotype coefficient of variation (GCV) ranged from 12.5% to 8.7% while phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 17.7% to 11.3%. The correlation coefficients was found between fresh shoot weight and number of tiller and plant height and umber of tiller. Wild wheat still serve as a source of useful germplasm with proven adaption and productivity and thus assembles of the wild wheat assortments are the initial step of breeding program.
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21
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Assessing the Rheological Properties of Durum Wheat Semolina: A Review. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122947. [PMID: 34945496 PMCID: PMC8701053 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Empiric rheology is considered a useful tool for assessing the technological quality of wheat. Over the decades, several tests have been adapted from common to durum wheat, and new approaches have been proposed to meet the needs of the players of the durum wheat value chain. Breeders are looking for reliable methods to test the functional quality of wheat lines at early stages, where there are limited amounts of sample; millers need fast and reliable methods for checking wheat quality right at the point of the receiving station; and pasta-makers are looking for suitable methods to predict end product quality. This review provides an overview of the strengths and weaknesses of the rheological tests currently used to evaluate the quality of durum wheat semolina, with the emphasis on Europe. Moreover, the relationships among the parameters obtained from different rheological approaches are extrapolated from the literature and integrated with the data obtained from 74 samples of durum wheat semolina. Although numerous efforts have been made to propose rapid and reliable tests for semolina characterization, the ideal test has yet to be proposed, indicating that researchers and pasta companies need to focus on perfecting the way to assess the quality of durum wheat and pasta.
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Sharma S, Schulthess AW, Bassi FM, Badaeva ED, Neumann K, Graner A, Özkan H, Werner P, Knüpffer H, Kilian B. Introducing Beneficial Alleles from Plant Genetic Resources into the Wheat Germplasm. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:982. [PMID: 34681081 PMCID: PMC8533267 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum sp.) is one of the world's most important crops, and constantly increasing its productivity is crucial to the livelihoods of millions of people. However, more than a century of intensive breeding and selection processes have eroded genetic diversity in the elite genepool, making new genetic gains difficult. Therefore, the need to introduce novel genetic diversity into modern wheat has become increasingly important. This review provides an overview of the plant genetic resources (PGR) available for wheat. We describe the most important taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of these PGR to guide their use in wheat breeding. In addition, we present the status of the use of some of these resources in wheat breeding programs. We propose several introgression schemes that allow the transfer of qualitative and quantitative alleles from PGR into elite germplasm. With this in mind, we propose the use of a stage-gate approach to align the pre-breeding with main breeding programs to meet the needs of breeders, farmers, and end-users. Overall, this review provides a clear starting point to guide the introgression of useful alleles over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivali Sharma
- Global Crop Diversity Trust, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Albert W. Schulthess
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Filippo M. Bassi
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Ekaterina D. Badaeva
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kerstin Neumann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Andreas Graner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Hakan Özkan
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, Adana 01330, Turkey;
| | - Peter Werner
- Global Crop Diversity Trust, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Helmut Knüpffer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Benjamin Kilian
- Global Crop Diversity Trust, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (P.W.)
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Yang F, Liu Q, Wang Q, Yang N, Li J, Wan H, Liu Z, Yang S, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu H, Fan X, Ma W, Yang W, Zhou Y. Characterization of the Durum Wheat- Aegilops tauschii 4D(4B) Disomic Substitution Line YL-443 With Superior Characteristics of High Yielding and Stripe Rust Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:745290. [PMID: 34659315 PMCID: PMC8514839 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.745290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is one of the important food and cash crops. The main goals in current breeding programs are improving its low yield potential, kernel characteristics, and lack of resistance or tolerance to some biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, a nascent synthesized hexaploid wheat Lanmai/AT23 is used as the female parent in crosses with its AB genome donor Lanmai. A tetraploid line YL-443 with supernumerary spikelets and high resistance to stripe rust was selected out from the pentaploid F7 progeny. Somatic analysis using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mc-FISH) revealed that this line is a disomic substitution line with the 4B chromosome pair of Lanmai replaced by the 4D chromosome pair of Aegilops tauschii AT23. Comparing with Lanmai, YL-443 shows an increase in the number of spikelets and florets per spike by 36.3 and 75.9%, respectively. The stripe rust resistance gene Yr28 carried on the 4D chromosome was fully expressed in the tetraploid background. The present 4D(4B) disomic substitution line YL-443 was distinguished from the previously reported 4D(4B) lines with the 4D chromosomes from Chinese Spring (CS). Our study demonstrated that YL-443 can be used as elite germplasm for durum wheat breeding targeting high yield potential and stripe rust resistance. The Yr28-specific PCR marker and the 4D chromosome-specific KASP markers together with its unique features of pubescent leaf sheath and auricles can be utilized for assisting selection in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Qier Liu
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences (JAAS), Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Li
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Honshen Wan
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Zehou Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Sujie Yang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xing Fan
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- Australia-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Wujun Ma
| | - Wuyun Yang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
- Wuyun Yang
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Yonghong Zhou
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