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Stern L, McGuire HM, Avdic S, Blyth E, Gottlieb D, Patrick E, Abendroth A, Slobedman B. Circulating cytokine and chemokine patterns associated with cytomegalovirus reactivation after stem cell transplantation. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e16815. [PMID: 38034080 PMCID: PMC10684332 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) reactivation is the leading viral complication after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Understanding of circulating cytokine/chemokine patterns which accompany HCMV reactivation and correlate with HCMV DNAemia magnitude is limited. We aimed to characterise plasma cytokine/chemokine profiles in 36 allo-HSCT patients (21 with HCMV reactivation and 15 without HCMV reactivation) at four time-points in the first 100-day post-transplant. Methods The concentrations of 31 cytokines/chemokines in plasma samples were analysed using a multiplex bead-based immunoassay. Cytokine/chemokine concentrations were compared in patients with high-level HCMV DNAemia, low-level HCMV DNAemia or no HCMV reactivation, and correlated with immune cell frequencies measured using mass cytometry. Results Increased plasma levels of T helper 1-type cytokines/chemokines (TNF, IL-18, IP-10, MIG) were detected in patients with HCMV reactivation at the peak of HCMV DNAemia, relative to non-reactivators. Stem cell factor (SCF) levels were significantly higher before the detection of HCMV reactivation in patients who went on to develop high-level HCMV DNAemia (810-52 740 copies/mL) vs. low-level HCMV DNAemia (< 250 copies/mL). High-level HCMV reactivators, but not low-level reactivators, developed an elevated inflammatory cytokine/chemokine profile (MIP-1α, MIP-1β, TNF, LT-α, IL-13, IL-9, SCF, HGF) at the peak of reactivation. Plasma cytokine concentrations displayed unique correlations with circulating immune cell frequencies in patients with HCMV reactivation. Conclusion This study identifies distinct circulating cytokine/chemokine signatures associated with the magnitude of HCMV DNAemia and the progression of HCMV reactivation after allo-HSCT, providing important insight into immune recovery patterns associated with HCMV reactivation and viral control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Stern
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Selmir Avdic
- Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Emily Blyth
- Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Program, Department of HaematologyWestmead HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - David Gottlieb
- Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Program, Department of HaematologyWestmead HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Ellis Patrick
- Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Allison Abendroth
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Barry Slobedman
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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Human Cytomegalovirus pUL11, a CD45 Ligand, Disrupts CD4 T Cell Control of Viral Spread in Epithelial Cells. mBio 2022; 13:e0294622. [PMID: 36445084 PMCID: PMC9765415 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02946-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes numerous immunomodulatory genes that facilitate its persistence. Previously described mechanisms by which HCMV avoids T cell control typically involve evasion of detection by infected cells. Here, we show that the virus also inhibits T cells directly via an interaction between the pUL11 glycoprotein on infected cells and the CD45 phosphatase on T cells. The antiviral functions of CD4 T cells are impaired as a result of this interaction, largely via induced interleukin 10 (IL-10) secretion in the CD4 T cell central memory compartment, resulting in enhanced viral spread. This establishes CD45 as an inhibitory receptor that regulates antiviral T cell functions and has parallels with the manipulation of natural killer (NK) cells by HCMV. By coculturing donor T cells with HCMV-infected epithelial cells, we observed that CD4 T cells can respond to epithelial cell antigen presentation and can control HCMV spread via cytolytic and cytokine-dependent mechanisms. pUL11 impairs both mechanisms. We showed that pUL11-induced IL-10 secretion requires IL-2, mTOR, and T cell receptor signaling. This characterization of the effects of the pUL11-CD45 interaction may allow for the development of new antiviral therapies and treatments for inflammatory disorders. IMPORTANCE Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is adept at avoiding its host's immune defenses, both by evading detection and by directly inhibiting immune cells. This can lead to a loss of control of the infection, and dangerous disease can result, particularly in cases in which an individual's immune system is immature, weak, or suppressed. T cells form a crucial part of the response to HCMV and are used in cellular HCMV therapies. We show that an interaction between a viral glycoprotein (pUL11) and a T cell surface receptor (CD45) impairs T cell memory functions and allows for increased viral spread. This defines a new immunomodulatory strategy for the virus as well as a new T cell regulatory mechanism. These results are important, as they increase our understanding of how T cells function and how HCMV disrupts them. This will allow for the development of new antiviral therapies that restore T cell functions and indicates a new target for controlling pathological T cell disorders.
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Hassanzadeh Y, Yaghobi R, Pakzad P, Geramizadeh B. Risk assessment of Human cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplantation: Insight into
CD4
+
T cell subsets. Scand J Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yashgin Hassanzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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Lin X, Lin F, Liang T, Ducatez MF, Zanin M, Wong SS. Antibody Responsiveness to Influenza: What Drives It? Viruses 2021; 13:v13071400. [PMID: 34372607 PMCID: PMC8310379 DOI: 10.3390/v13071400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of a specific antibody response has long been accepted as a serological hallmark of recent infection or antigen exposure. Much of our understanding of the influenza antibody response has been derived from studying antibodies that target the hemagglutinin (HA) protein. However, growing evidence points to limitations associated with this approach. In this review, we aim to highlight the issue of antibody non-responsiveness after influenza virus infection and vaccination. We will then provide an overview of the major factors known to influence antibody responsiveness to influenza after infection and vaccination. We discuss the biological factors such as age, sex, influence of prior immunity, genetics, and some chronic infections that may affect the induction of influenza antibody responses. We also discuss the technical factors, such as assay choices, strain variations, and viral properties that may influence the sensitivity of the assays used to measure influenza antibodies. Understanding these factors will hopefully provide a more comprehensive picture of what influenza immunogenicity and protection means, which will be important in our effort to improve influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Fangmei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Tingting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
| | | | - Mark Zanin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sook-San Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-178-2584-6078
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Poole E, Neves TC, Oliveira MT, Sinclair J, da Silva MCC. Human Cytomegalovirus Interleukin 10 Homologs: Facing the Immune System. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:245. [PMID: 32582563 PMCID: PMC7296156 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause a variety of health disorders that can lead to death in immunocompromised individuals and neonates. The HCMV lifecycle comprises both a lytic (productive) and a latent (non-productive) phase. HCMV lytic infection occurs in a wide range of terminally differentiated cell types. HCMV latency has been less well-studied, but one characterized site of latency is in precursor cells of the myeloid lineage. All known viral genes are expressed during a lytic infection and a subset of these are also transcribed during latency. The UL111A gene which encodes the viral IL-10, a homolog of the human IL-10, is one of these genes. During infection, different transcript isoforms of UL111A are generated by alternative splicing. The most studied of the UL111A isoforms are cmvIL-10 (also termed the "A" transcript) and LAcmvIL-10 (also termed the "B" transcript), the latter being a well-characterized latency associated transcript. Both isoforms can downregulate MHC class II, however they differ in a number of other immunomodulatory properties, such as the ability to bind the IL10 receptor and induce signaling through STAT3. There are also a number of other isoforms which have been identified which are expressed by differential splicing during lytic infection termed C, D, E, F, and G, although these have been less extensively studied. HCMV uses the viral IL-10 proteins to manipulate the immune system during lytic and latent phases of infection. In this review, we will discuss the literature on the viral IL-10 transcripts identified to date, their encoded proteins and the structures of these proteins as well as the functional properties of all the different isoforms of viral IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Poole
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tainan Cerqueira Neves
- Center for Natural and Humanities Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Martha Trindade Oliveira
- Center for Natural and Humanities Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - John Sinclair
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Zischke J, Mamareli P, Pokoyski C, Gabaev I, Buyny S, Jacobs R, Falk CS, Lochner M, Sparwasser T, Schulz TF, Kay-Fedorov PC. The human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein pUL11 acts via CD45 to induce T cell IL-10 secretion. PLoS Pathog 2017. [PMID: 28628650 PMCID: PMC5491327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen, infection with which can cause severe disease for immunocompromised individuals. The complex changes wrought on the host's immune system during both productive and latent HCMV infection are well known. Infected cells are masked and manipulated and uninfected immune cells are also affected; peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation is reduced and cytokine profiles altered. Levels increase of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which may be important for the establishment of HCMV infections and is required for the development of high viral titres by murine cytomegalovirus. The mechanisms by which HCMV affects T cell IL-10 secretion are not understood. We show here that treatment of PBMC with purified pUL11 induces IL-10 producing T cells as a result of pUL11 binding to the CD45 phosphatase on T cells. IL-10 production induced by HCMV infection is also in part mediated by pUL11. Supernatants from pUL11 treated cells have anti-inflammatory effects on untreated PBMC. Considering the mechanism, CD45 can be a positive or negative regulator of TCR signalling, depending on its expression level, and we show that pUL11 also has concentration dependent activating or inhibitory effects on T cell proliferation and on the kinase function of the CD45 substrate Lck. pUL11 is therefore the first example of a viral protein that can target CD45 to induce T cells with anti-inflammatory properties. It is also the first HCMV protein shown to induce T cell IL-10 secretion. Understanding the mechanisms by which pUL11-induced changes in signal strength influence T cell development and function may provide the basis for the development of novel antiviral treatments and therapies against immune pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Zischke
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF, TTU-IICH), Hannover-Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
| | - Panagiota Mamareli
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research; a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Pokoyski
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ildar Gabaev
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Buyny
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine S. Falk
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF, TTU-IICH), Hannover-Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, IFB-Tx, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Lochner
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research; a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research; a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Schulz
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF, TTU-IICH), Hannover-Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
| | - Penelope C. Kay-Fedorov
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF, TTU-IICH), Hannover-Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Oral complications in hematopoietic stem cell recipients: the role of inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:378281. [PMID: 24817792 PMCID: PMC4003795 DOI: 10.1155/2014/378281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is widely used as a potentially curative treatment for patients with various hematological malignancies, bone marrow failure syndromes, and congenital immune deficiencies. The prevalence of oral complications in both autologous and allogeneic HSCT recipients remains high, despite advances in transplant medicine and in supportive care. Frequently encountered oral complications include mucositis, infections, oral dryness, taste changes, and graft versus host disease in allogeneic HSCT. Oral complications are associated with substantial morbidity and in some cases with increased mortality and may significantly affect quality of life, even many years after HSCT. Inflammatory processes are key in the pathobiology of most oral complications in HSCT recipients. This review article will discuss frequently encountered oral complications associated with HSCT focusing on the inflammatory pathways and inflammatory mediators involved in their pathogenesis.
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[Risk factors for cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplant recipients]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2012; 29 Suppl 6:11-7. [PMID: 22541916 DOI: 10.1016/s0213-005x(11)70051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most important opportunistic pathogen in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation and increases mortality due to both direct and indirect effects. The most important risk factor for the development of CMV disease is discordant donor-recipient CMV serology (positive donor and negative recipient), which confers more than 50% risk of developing CMV disease if no prophylaxis is given. The use of highly potent antiviral agents for CMV prophylaxis in high-risk patients has changed the characteristics of CMV disease in this population. Other classical risk factors for CMV disease include acute graft rejection, the type of organ transplanted, coinfection with other herpesviruses and the type of immunosuppressive agents employed. New risk factors for this complication have recently been described, including variations in the CMV genotype between donor and recipient and genetic alterations in the recipient's innate immunity. The present review discusses classical risk factors and the latest findings reported on the development of CMV in organ transplant recipients.
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Blanquer J, Chilet M, Benet I, Aguilar G, Muñoz-Cobo B, Tellez A, Costa E, Bravo D, Navarro D. Immunological insights into the pathogenesis of active CMV infection in non-immunosuppressed critically ill patients. J Med Virol 2012; 83:1966-71. [PMID: 21915872 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.22202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dissociation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA loads between the lower respiratory tract and blood, with high levels in the former compartment and low or undetectable levels in the latter, commonly occurs during active CMV infection in critically ill patients despite the presence of high frequencies of CMV-specific IFN-γ-producing CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells in blood. Data presented in this case report suggest that inter-compartmental differences in interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels may, in part, explain the pathobiology of this phenomenon. In the absence of ganciclovir treatment, a significant correlation was observed between IL-10 levels and CMV DNA loads in lower respiratory tract specimens (P = 0.016), but not in plasma samples (P = 0.46). Comparable data were obtained during the course of active CMV infection episodes that developed in six CMV-seropositive critically ill patients with no canonical immunosuppression. The presence of higher levels of IL-10 in the lower respiratory tract than in plasma may result in increased impairment of CMV-specific T-cell effector responses in the lung compared to the systemic compartment, facilitating local CMV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Blanquer
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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Zhao JQ, Chen LZ, Qiu J, Yang SC, Liu LS, Chen GD, Zhang W, Ni DQ. The role of interleukin-17 in murine cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonia in mice with skin transplants. Transpl Int 2011; 24:845-55. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Correia-Silva JF, Resende RG, Arão TC, Abreu MHNG, Teixeira MM, Bittencourt H, Silva TA, Gomez RS. HCMV gB genotype and its association with cytokine levels in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Oral Dis 2011; 17:530-7. [PMID: 21332604 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01801.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycoprotein B (gB) has been implicated in determining the pathogenicity and clinical outcomes of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) disease. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of gB genotypes in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the relationship between it and cytokine levels in saliva and blood samples. The impact of these parameters on patients' survival was also investigated. METHODS Samples were obtained from 63 patients receiving an allo-HSCT. HCMV gB genotyping was carried out by multiplex nested PCR. The cytokine levels were assessed using ELISA assay. RESULTS A single or mixed genotype infection was detected in the saliva and blood of 36/63 and 52/63 subjects, respectively. Patients with gB2 in their saliva showed lower IL-10 levels in comparison with patients without gB2. Reduced blood levels of IFN-γ and IL-1β were also found in recipients with the HCMV gB4 genotype compared with patients without it. Decreased IL-1β and increased IL-10 blood levels were associated with lower survival. However, HCMV gB genotypes have no impact on patient outcome. CONCLUSION Decreased IL-1β and increased IL-10 levels in the blood are associated with lower survival. HCMV genotypes are associated with different cytokine levels in saliva and blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Correia-Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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12
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Is bacterial vaginosis associated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in endometrial secretions of women undergoing IVF? Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 21:133-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Wynn KK, Crough T, Campbell S, McNeil K, Galbraith A, Moss DJ, Silins SL, Bell S, Khanna R. Narrowing of T‐cell receptor beta variable repertoire during symptomatic herpesvirus infection in transplant patients. Immunol Cell Biol 2009; 88:125-35. [DOI: 10.1038/icb.2009.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine K Wynn
- Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, and Tumour Immunology Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Tania Crough
- Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, and Tumour Immunology Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Scott Campbell
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Keith McNeil
- The Prince Charles Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Andrew Galbraith
- The Prince Charles Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Denis J Moss
- Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, and Tumour Immunology Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Sharon L Silins
- Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, and Tumour Immunology Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Scott Bell
- The Prince Charles Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Rajiv Khanna
- Australian Centre for Vaccine Development, and Tumour Immunology Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Brisbane Queensland Australia
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Schaffer K, Moran J, Duffy M, McCormick AP, Hall WW, Hassan J. Kinetics of host immune responses and cytomegalovirus resistance in a liver transplant patient. Liver Transpl 2009; 15:1199-203. [PMID: 19790144 DOI: 10.1002/lt.21832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, donor-seropositive/recipient-seronegative (D+/R-) cytomegalovirus (CMV) status is associated with the highest risk of ganciclovir-resistant CMV disease, which has been reported for patients receiving oral ganciclovir but not valganciclovir prophylaxis. We report a case of CMV breakthrough infection in a D+/R- liver transplant patient while he was receiving oral valganciclovir. Forty samples collected over 6 months were analyzed for the CMV viral load, lymphocyte counts, cytokine levels, and lymphocyte differentiation status. Genotypic resistance testing of the viral UL97 gene was performed when the patient failed to respond. CMV viremia occurred on day 50 post-transplant, and 5 samples taken between days 50 and 85 showed the wild-type UL97 genotype. The appearance of deletion 594-595 was observed from day 114 post-transplant. Viral loads declined when foscarnet was commenced and remained below 10,000 copies/mL when the lymphocyte count was greater than 1000/microL (P = 0.02). T cell responses revealed significant expansion of CD8+ terminal effector memory cells. CD4+ cells were largely populations of naïve and central memory cells. Circulating interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels correlated with the viral load (P < 0.0001). Seroconversion occurred on day 230. The CMV viral load in combination with lymphocyte counts and IL-10 may be a predictive marker for the risk of development of resistant CMV disease in D+/R- SOT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Schaffer
- Department of Microbiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland.
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Management of Cytomegalovirus Infection After Renal Transplantation. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2009. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0b013e31819b8d27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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