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Capozza P, Buonavoglia A, Pratelli A, Martella V, Decaro N. Old and Novel Enteric Parvoviruses of Dogs. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050722. [PMID: 37242392 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parvovirus infections have been well known for around 100 years in domestic carnivores. However, the use of molecular assays and metagenomic approaches for virus discovery and characterization has led to the detection of novel parvovirus species and/or variants in dogs. Although some evidence suggests that these emerging canine parvoviruses may act as primary causative agents or as synergistic pathogens in the diseases of domestic carnivores, several aspects regarding epidemiology and virus-host interaction remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Alessio Buonavoglia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Dental School, Via Zamboni 33, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Annamaria Pratelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Nicola Decaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
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2
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Isolation, pathogenesis, and genetic evolution of a porcine bocavirus PBoV/HB/30/2018 strain in China. Virology 2022; 572:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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He W, Gao Y, Wen Y, Ke X, Ou Z, Fu J, Cheng M, Mo Y, Chen Q. Ungulate bocaparvovirus 4 and rodent bocavirus are different genotypes of the same species of virus. Virol Sin 2022; 37:215-222. [PMID: 35527226 PMCID: PMC9170977 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiao He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuhan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xuemei Ke
- Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Zejin Ou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mingji Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yun Mo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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4
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Jager MC, Tomlinson JE, Lopez-Astacio RA, Parrish CR, Van de Walle GR. Small but mighty: old and new parvoviruses of veterinary significance. Virol J 2021; 18:210. [PMID: 34689822 PMCID: PMC8542416 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In line with the Latin expression "sed parva forti" meaning "small but mighty," the family Parvoviridae contains many of the smallest known viruses, some of which result in fatal or debilitating infections. In recent years, advances in metagenomic viral discovery techniques have dramatically increased the identification of novel parvoviruses in both diseased and healthy individuals. While some of these discoveries have solved etiologic mysteries of well-described diseases in animals, many of the newly discovered parvoviruses appear to cause mild or no disease, or disease associations remain to be established. With the increased use of animal parvoviruses as vectors for gene therapy and oncolytic treatments in humans, it becomes all the more important to understand the diversity, pathogenic potential, and evolution of this diverse family of viruses. In this review, we discuss parvoviruses infecting vertebrate animals, with a special focus on pathogens of veterinary significance and viruses discovered within the last four years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason C Jager
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Joy E Tomlinson
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Robert A Lopez-Astacio
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Colin R Parrish
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Gerlinde R Van de Walle
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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5
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Shao L, Shen W, Wang S, Qiu J. Recent Advances in Molecular Biology of Human Bocavirus 1 and Its Applications. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:696604. [PMID: 34220786 PMCID: PMC8242256 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.696604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) was discovered in human nasopharyngeal specimens in 2005. It is an autonomous human parvovirus and causes acute respiratory tract infections in young children. HBoV1 infects well differentiated or polarized human airway epithelial cells in vitro. Unique among all parvoviruses, HBoV1 expresses 6 non-structural proteins, NS1, NS1-70, NS2, NS3, NS4, and NP1, and a viral non-coding RNA (BocaSR), and three structural proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3. The BocaSR is the first identified RNA polymerase III (Pol III) transcribed viral non-coding RNA in small DNA viruses. It plays an important role in regulation of viral gene expression and a direct role in viral DNA replication in the nucleus. HBoV1 genome replication in the polarized/non-dividing airway epithelial cells depends on the DNA damage and DNA repair pathways and involves error-free Y-family DNA repair DNA polymerase (Pol) η and Pol κ. Importantly, HBoV1 is a helper virus for the replication of dependoparvovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), in polarized human airway epithelial cells, and HBoV1 gene products support wild-type AAV replication and recombinant AAV (rAAV) production in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. More importantly, the HBoV1 capsid is able to pseudopackage an rAAV2 or rHBoV1 genome, producing the rAAV2/HBoV1 or rHBoV1 vector. The HBoV1 capsid based rAAV vector has a high tropism for human airway epithelia. A deeper understanding in HBoV1 replication and gene expression will help find a better way to produce the rAAV vector and to increase the efficacy of gene delivery using the rAAV2/HBoV1 or rHBoV1 vector, in particular, to human airways. This review summarizes the recent advances in gene expression and replication of HBoV1, as well as the use of HBoV1 as a parvoviral vector for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Shao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weiran Shen
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Emerging Parvoviruses in Domestic Cats. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061077. [PMID: 34200079 PMCID: PMC8229815 DOI: 10.3390/v13061077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvovirus infections in cats have been well known for around 100 years. Recently, the use of molecular assays and metagenomic approaches for virus discovery and characterization has led to the detection of novel parvovirus lineages and/or species infecting the feline host. However, the involvement of emerging parvoviruses in the onset of gastroenteritis or other feline diseases is still uncertain.
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Aryal M, Liu G. Porcine Bocavirus: A 10-Year History since Its Discovery. Virol Sin 2021; 36:1261-1272. [PMID: 33909219 PMCID: PMC8080206 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-021-00365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine bocavirus (PBoV) is a single-stranded DNA virus, belongs to the genus Bocaparvovirus of family Parvoviridae. It was discovered along with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV 2) and torque tenovirus (TTV) in the lymph nodes of pigs suffering from postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in Sweden in 2009. PBoV has been reported throughout the world, mostly in weaning piglets, and has a broad range of tissue tropism. Since PBoV is prevalent in healthy as well as clinically infected pigs and is mostly associated with coinfection with other viruses, the pathogenic nature of PBoV is still unclear. Currently, there are no cell lines available for the study of PBoV, and animal model experiments have not been described. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about PBoV, including the epidemiology, evolution analysis, detection methods, pathogenesis and public health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manita Aryal
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Guangliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China.
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Yu JC, Mietzsch M, Singh A, Jimenez Ybargollin A, Kailasan S, Chipman P, Bhattacharya N, Fakhiri J, Grimm D, Kapoor A, Kučinskaitė-Kodzė I, Žvirblienė A, Söderlund-Venermo M, McKenna R, Agbandje-McKenna M. Characterization of the GBoV1 Capsid and Its Antibody Interactions. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020330. [PMID: 33672786 PMCID: PMC7924616 DOI: 10.3390/v13020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) has gained attention as a gene delivery vector with its ability to infect polarized human airway epithelia and 5.5 kb genome packaging capacity. Gorilla bocavirus 1 (GBoV1) VP3 shares 86% amino acid sequence identity with HBoV1 but has better transduction efficiency in several human cell types. Here, we report the capsid structure of GBoV1 determined to 2.76 Å resolution using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and its interaction with mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and human sera. GBoV1 shares capsid surface morphologies with other parvoviruses, with a channel at the 5-fold symmetry axis, protrusions surrounding the 3-fold axis and a depression at the 2-fold axis. A 2/5-fold wall separates the 2-fold and 5-fold axes. Compared to HBoV1, differences are localized to the 3-fold protrusions. Consistently, native dot immunoblots and cryo-EM showed cross-reactivity and binding, respectively, by a 5-fold targeted HBoV1 mAb, 15C6. Surprisingly, recognition was observed for one out of three 3-fold targeted mAbs, 12C1, indicating some structural similarity at this region. In addition, GBoV1, tested against 40 human sera, showed the similar rates of seropositivity as HBoV1. Immunogenic reactivity against parvoviral vectors is a significant barrier to efficient gene delivery. This study is a step towards optimizing bocaparvovirus vectors with antibody escape properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Chun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Mario Mietzsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Amriti Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Alberto Jimenez Ybargollin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Shweta Kailasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Paul Chipman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Nilakshee Bhattacharya
- Biological Science Imaging Resource, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
| | - Julia Fakhiri
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Medical Faculty, BioQuant, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.F.); (D.G.)
| | - Dirk Grimm
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Medical Faculty, BioQuant, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.F.); (D.G.)
| | - Amit Kapoor
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43220, USA;
| | - Indrė Kučinskaitė-Kodzė
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology of the Institute of Biotechnology of Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.K.-K.); (A.Ž.)
| | - Aurelija Žvirblienė
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology of the Institute of Biotechnology of Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.K.-K.); (A.Ž.)
| | | | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (J.C.Y.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.J.Y.); (S.K.); (P.C.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang J, Li N, Li Z, Liu L, He Y, Meng J, Li S, Wang J. Identification of a novel bocaparvovirus in a wild squirrel in Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. Arch Virol 2020; 165:1469-1474. [PMID: 32388598 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In December 2017, a squirrel (Callosciurus phayrei) died 2 days after capture in Kunming, and its intestinal tract, heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were subjected to metagenomics analysis. Reassembly and verification by reverse transcription PCR of contigs generated by next-generation sequencing yielded a 5176-nt sequence, which was designated "squirrel bocaparvovirus" (SQBOV). Phylogenetic trees based on the aa sequences of NS1, NP1, and VP1 showed that SQBOV formed an independent branch in the bocaparvovirus phylogenetic tree. The amino acid sequence identity of the NS1 of SQBOV to those of other bocaparvoviruses was below the threshold of 85% that is used to demarcate species within the genus, indicating that it should be considered a member of a new bocaparvovirus species. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a bocaparvovirus in squirrels. Our findings will enable further studies of viral diversity in rodents and of the genetic diversity and host range of bocaparvoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- Yunnan Province Hospital of Infection Disease, Kunming, 650301, Yunnan, China
| | - Nan Li
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhao Li
- The Agricultural Technology Service Center of Qu Shui Town, Jiangcheng County, Yunnan, 665907, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuwen He
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinxin Meng
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China
| | - Shunxiang Li
- Yuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yixu, 653000, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China.
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Abstract
Recently, multiple infectious organisms have been identified as the cause of emerging diseases in lagomorphs. The most important of these emerging diseases is rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) type 2, a new variant with differences in pathogenicity to classical RHDV. Hepatitis E is considered an emerging zoonotic infectious disease, with widespread prevalence in many different rabbit populations. Mycobacteriosis has been recently reported in other captive domestic rabbit populations. This article provides a recent review of the published literature on emerging infectious diseases in rabbits, including farmed, laboratory, and pet rabbits, some of which have zoonotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Gleeson
- Department of Avian and Exotic Pets, ACCESS Specialty Animal Hospital, 9599 Jefferson Boulevard, Culver City, CA 90232, USA
| | - Olivia A Petritz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
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Abstract
Gastrointestinal stasis syndrome is a very common presentation of an ill rabbit to the veterinarian. The causes involved in this syndrome are often multifactorial, and an inappropriate diet puts the rabbit at a greater risk of developing this syndrome. Complications of this disorder can lead to gastrointestinal obstruction, a life-threatening condition that necessitates aggressive medical and in some case surgical therapy. Rabbits may also be presented with signs of diarrhea. However, abnormal cecotrophs must be differentiated from true intestinal diarrhea. The common causes, diagnosis and management of diarrhea including dysbiosis and enteritis are discussed. Other important causes of gastrointestinal disease are infectious disease and liver lobe torsion. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus has a new variant that has been identified in mainland Europe, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Subclinical infection of intestinal coccidiosis is a common cause of weight loss in adult rabbits. Liver lobe torsion is a challenging condition to diagnose in rabbits; this chapter discusses the presenting signs, diagnostic techniques, and therapeutic options.
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Tsoleridis T, Chappell JG, Monchatre-Leroy E, Umhang G, Shi M, Bennett M, Tarlinton RE, McClure CP, Holmes EC, Ball JK. Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits. Viruses 2019; 12:E47. [PMID: 31906044 PMCID: PMC7019641 DOI: 10.3390/v12010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of unbiased metagenomic virus discovery has revolutionized studies of virus biodiversity and evolution. Despite this, our knowledge of the virosphere, including in mammalian species, remains limited. We used unbiased metagenomic sequencing to identify RNA viruses in European field voles and rabbits. Accordingly, we identified a number of novel RNA viruses including astrovirus, rotavirus A, picorna-like virus and a morbilli-like paramyxovirus. In addition, we identified a sobemovirus and a novel luteovirus that likely originated from the rabbit diet. These newly discovered viruses were often divergent from those previously described. The novel astrovirus was most closely related to a virus sampled from the rodent-eating European roller bird (Coracias garrulous). PCR screening revealed that the novel morbilli-like paramyxovirus in the UK field vole had a prevalence of approximately 4%, and shared common ancestry with other rodent morbilli-like viruses sampled globally. Two novel rotavirus A sequences were detected in a UK field vole and a French rabbit, the latter with a prevalence of 5%. Finally, a highly divergent picorna-like virus found in the gut of the French rabbit virus was only ~35% similar to an arilivirus at the amino acid level, suggesting the presence of a novel viral genus within the Picornaviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theocharis Tsoleridis
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; (J.G.C.); (C.P.M.)
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Infections, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Joseph G. Chappell
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; (J.G.C.); (C.P.M.)
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Infections, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Elodie Monchatre-Leroy
- Anses, Laboratoire de la Rage et de la Faune Sauvage, 54220 Malzeville, France; (E.M.-L.); (G.U.)
| | - Gérald Umhang
- Anses, Laboratoire de la Rage et de la Faune Sauvage, 54220 Malzeville, France; (E.M.-L.); (G.U.)
| | - Mang Shi
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (M.S.); (E.C.H.)
| | - Malcolm Bennett
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (M.B.); (R.E.T.)
| | - Rachael E. Tarlinton
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (M.B.); (R.E.T.)
| | - C. Patrick McClure
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; (J.G.C.); (C.P.M.)
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Infections, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Edward C. Holmes
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (M.S.); (E.C.H.)
| | - Jonathan K. Ball
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; (J.G.C.); (C.P.M.)
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Infections, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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Di Martino B, Di Profio F, Melegari I, Marsilio F. Feline Virome-A Review of Novel Enteric Viruses Detected in Cats. Viruses 2019; 11:v11100908. [PMID: 31575055 PMCID: PMC6832874 DOI: 10.3390/v11100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the diagnostic and metagenomic investigations of the feline enteric environment have allowed the identification of several novel viruses that have been associated with gastroenteritis in cats. In the last few years, noroviruses, kobuviruses, and novel parvoviruses have been repetitively detected in diarrheic cats as alone or in mixed infections with other pathogens, raising a number of questions, with particular regards to their pathogenic attitude and clinical impact. In the present article, the current available literature on novel potential feline enteric viruses is reviewed, providing a meaningful update on the etiology, epidemiologic, pathogenetic, clinical, and diagnostic aspects of the infections caused by these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Di Martino
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Irene Melegari
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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Minute Virus of Canines NP1 Protein Interacts with the Cellular Factor CPSF6 To Regulate Viral Alternative RNA Processing. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.01530-18. [PMID: 30355695 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01530-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The NP1 protein of minute virus of canines (MVC) governs production of the viral capsid proteins via its role in pre-mRNA processing. NP1 suppresses polyadenylation and cleavage at its internal site, termed the proximal polyadenylation (pA)p site, to allow accumulation of RNAs that extend into the capsid gene, and it enhances splicing of the upstream adjacent third intron, which is necessary to properly enter the capsid protein open reading frame. We find the (pA)p region to be complex. It contains redundant classical cis-acting signals necessary for the cleavage and polyadenylation reaction and splicing of the adjacent upstream third intron, as well as regions outside the classical motifs that are necessary for responding to NP1. NP1, but not processing mutants of NP1, bound to MVC RNA directly. The cellular RNA processing factor CPSF6 interacted with NP1 in transfected cells and participated with NP1 to modulate its effects. These experiments further characterize the role of NP1 in parvovirus gene expression.IMPORTANCE The Parvovirinae are small nonenveloped icosahedral viruses that are important pathogens in many animal species, including humans. Unlike other parvoviruses, the bocavirus genus controls expression of its capsid proteins via alternative RNA processing, by both suppressing polyadenylation at an internal site, termed the proximal polyadenylation (pA)p site, and by facilitating splicing of an upstream adjacent intron. This regulation is mediated by a small genus-specific protein, NP1. Understanding the cis-acting targets of NP1, as well as the cellular factors with which it interacts, is necessary to more clearly understand this unique mode of parvovirus gene expression.
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15
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Detecting European Rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) Disease Outbreaks by Monitoring Digital Media. J Wildl Dis 2018; 54:544-547. [PMID: 29667872 DOI: 10.7589/2017-05-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Digital media and digital search tools offer simple and effective means to monitor for pathogens and disease outbreaks in target organisms. Using tools such as Rich Site Summary feeds, and Google News and Google Scholar specific key word searches, international digital media were actively monitored from 2012 to 2016 for pathogens and disease outbreaks in the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, with a specific focus on the European rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus). The primary objective was identifying pathogens for assessment as potential new biocontrol agents for Australia's pest populations of the European rabbit. A number of pathogens were detected in digital media reports. Additional benefits arose in the regular provision of case reports and research on myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus that assisted with current research.
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16
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Zhang C, Song F, Xiu L, Liu Y, Yang J, Yao L, Peng J. Identification and characterization of a novel rodent bocavirus from different rodent species in China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:48. [PMID: 29593218 PMCID: PMC5874251 DOI: 10.1038/s41426-018-0052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Members in the genus Bocaparvovirus are closely related to human health and have a wide host range. The diverse hosts raise the possibility of crossing species barrier, which is a feature of emerging viruses. Among the mammalian hosts, rodents are generally acknowledged to be important reservoirs of emerging viruses. Here, rodent samples collected from six provinces and autonomous regions of China (Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Xinjiang, Guangxi and Yunnan) were used to investigate the prevalence and distribution of bocaparvoviruses. By using next-generation sequencing first, a partial non-structural protein 1 (NS1) gene belonging to a possible novel bocaparvovirus was discovered. Following this, PCR-based screening of NS1 gene was conducted in 485 rodent samples, with 106 positive results found in seven rodent species (Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Apodemus agrarius, Cricetulus barabensis, Rattus flavipectus, Rattus rattus and Rhombomys opimus). Finally, six nearly full-length genomes and three complete CDS were obtained and the newly identified bocaparvovirus was tentatively named rodent bocavirus (RoBoV). RoBoV has three ORFs: NS1, NP1, and VP, which are characteristics of bocaparvoviruses. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that porcine bocavirus isolate PBoV-KU14, a member of Ungulate bocaparvovirus 4, was the most related virus to RoBoV, with 92.1-92.9% amino acid identities in NS1 protein. Alignments of RoBoV-related sequences showed RoBoV isolates could be classified into two clades, demonstrating an inter-host genetic diversity. The results indicate a potential interspecies transmission of RoBoV between rodents and swine and expand our knowledge on bocaparvoviruses in rodent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Fenglin Song
- Liaoning Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenyang, 116001, China
| | - Leshan Xiu
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jilin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Lisi Yao
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China.
| | - Junping Peng
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China.
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17
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First molecular detection of porcine bocavirus in Malaysia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 50:733-739. [PMID: 29243138 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Several strains of porcine bocaviruses have been reported worldwide since their first detection in Sweden in 2009. Subsequently, the virus has been reported to be associated with gastrointestinal and respiratory signs in weaner and grower pigs. Although Malaysia is host to a self-sufficient swine livestock industry, there is no study that describes porcine bocavirus in the country. This report is the first to describe porcine bocavirus (PBoV) in Malaysian swine herds. PBoV was identified in various tissues from sick and runt pigs using the conventional PCR method with primers targeting conserved regions encoding for the nonstructural protein (NS1) gene. Out of 103 samples tested from 17 pigs, 32 samples from 15 pigs were positive for porcine bocavirus. In addition, a higher detection rate was identified from mesenteric lymph nodes (52.9%), followed by tonsil (37.0%), and lungs (33.3%). Pairwise comparison and phylogenetic analyses based on a 658-bp fragment of NS1 gene revealed that the Malaysian PBoV strains are highly similar to PBoV3 isolated in Minnesota, USA. The presence of porcine bocavirus in Malaysia and their phylogenetic bond was marked for the first time by this study. Further studies will establish the molecular epidemiology of PBoV in Malaysia and clarify pathogenicity of the local isolates.
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18
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Ao Y, Li X, Li L, Xie X, Jin D, Yu J, Lu S, Duan Z. Two novel bocaparvovirus species identified in wild Himalayan marmots. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:1348-1356. [PMID: 29218438 PMCID: PMC7089499 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bocaparvovirus (BOV) is a genetically diverse group of DNA viruses and a possible cause of respiratory, enteric, and neurological diseases in humans and animals. Here, two highly divergent BOVs (tentatively named as Himalayan marmot BOV, HMBOV1 and HMBOV2) were identified in the livers and feces of wild Himalayan marmots in China, by viral metagenomic analysis. Five of 300 liver samples from Himalayan marmots were positive for HMBOV1 and five of 99 fecal samples from these animals for HMBOV2. Their nearly complete genome sequences are 4,672 and 4,887 nucleotides long, respectively, with a standard genomic organization and containing protein-coding motifs typical for BOVs. Based on their NS1, NP1, and VP1, HMBOV1 and HMBOV2 are most closely related to porcine BOV SX/1-2 (approximately 77.0%/50.0%, 50.0%/53.0%, and 79.0%/54.0% amino acid identity, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis of these three proteins showed that HMBOV1 and HMBOV2 formed two distinctly independent branches in BOVs. According to these results, HMBOV1 and HMBOV2 are two different novel species in the Bocaparvovirus genus. Their identification expands our knowledge of the genetic diversity and evolution of BOVs. Further studies are needed to investigate their potential pathogenicity and their impact on Himalayan marmots and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyun Ao
- National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- Laboratory Department, the First People's Hospital of Anqing, Anqing, 246000, China
| | - Lili Li
- National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Xiaolu Xie
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Dong Jin
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jiemei Yu
- National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China.
| | - Shan Lu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Zhaojun Duan
- National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100052, China.
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19
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Lau SKP, Ahmed SS, Tsoi HW, Yeung HC, Li KSM, Fan RYY, Zhao PSH, Lau CCC, Lam CSF, Choi KKF, Chan BCH, Cai JP, Wong SSY, Chen H, Zhang HL, Zhang L, Wang M, Woo PCY, Yuen KY. Bats host diverse parvoviruses as possible origin of mammalian dependoparvoviruses and source for bat-swine interspecies transmission. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:3046-3059. [PMID: 29106348 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to the enormous species diversity of bats, relatively few parvoviruses have been reported. We detected diverse and potentially novel parvoviruses from bats in Hong Kong and mainland China. Parvoviruses belonging to Amdoparvovirus, Bocaparvovirus and Dependoparvovirus were detected in alimentary, liver and spleen samples from 16 different chiropteran species of five families by PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of partial helicase sequences showed that they potentially belonged to 25 bocaparvovirus, three dependoparvovirus and one amdoparvovirus species. Nearly complete genome sequencing confirmed the existence of at least four novel bat bocaparvovirus species (Rp-BtBoV1 and Rp-BtBoV2 from Rhinolophus pusillus, Rs-BtBoV2 from Rhinolophus sinicus and Rol-BtBoV1 from Rousettus leschenaultii) and two novel bat dependoparvovirus species (Rp-BtAAV1 from Rhinolophus pusillus and Rs-BtAAV1 from Rhinolophus sinicus). Rs-BtBoV2 was closely related to Ungulate bocaparvovirus 5 with 93, 72.1 and 78.7 % amino acid identities in the NS1, NP1 and VP1/VP2 genes, respectively. The detection of bat bocaparvoviruses, including Rs-BtBoV2, closely related to porcine bocaparvoviruses, suggests recent interspecies transmission of bocaparvoviruses between bats and swine. Moreover, Rp-BtAAV1 and Rs-BtAAV1 were most closely related to human AAV1 with 48.7 and 57.5 % amino acid identities in the rep gene. The phylogenetic relationship between BtAAVs and other mammalian AAVs suggests bats as the ancestral origin of mammalian AAVs. Furthermore, parvoviruses of the same species were detected from multiple bat species or families, supporting the ability of bat parvoviruses to cross species barriers. The results extend our knowledge on the diversity of bat parvoviruses and the role of bats in parvovirus evolution and emergence in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna K P Lau
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Syed Shakeel Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hoi-Wah Tsoi
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hazel C Yeung
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kenneth S M Li
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Rachel Y Y Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Pyrear S H Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Candy C C Lau
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Carol S F Lam
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kelvin K F Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ben C H Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Samson S Y Wong
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Honglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hai-Lin Zhang
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan, PR China.,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Libiao Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ming Wang
- Guangzhou Centre for Disease Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Patrick C Y Woo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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20
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Woo PCY, Lau SKP, Tsoi HW, Patteril NG, Yeung HC, Joseph S, Wong EYM, Muhammed R, Chow FWN, Wernery U, Yuen KY. Two novel dromedary camel bocaparvoviruses from dromedaries in the Middle East with unique genomic features. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1349-1359. [PMID: 28613145 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus and its discovery from dromedary camels has boosted interest in the search for novel viruses in dromedaries. While bocaparvoviruses are known to infect various animals, it was not known that they exist in dromedaries. In this study, we describe the discovery of two novel dromedary camel bocaparvoviruses (DBoVs), DBoV1 and DBoV2, from dromedary faecal samples in Dubai. Among 667 adult dromedaries and 72 dromedary calves, 13.9 % of adult dromedaries and 33.3 % of dromedary calves were positive for DBoV1, while 7.0 % of adult dromedaries and 25.0 % of dromedary calves were positive for DBoV2, as determined by PCR. Sequencing of 21 DBoV1 and 18 DBoV2 genomes and phylogenetic analysis showed that DBoV1 and DBoV2 formed two distinct clusters, with only 32.6-36.3 % amino acid identities between the DBoV1 and DBoV2 strains. Quasispecies were detected in both DBoVs. The amino acid sequences of the NS1 proteins of all the DBoV1 and DBoV2 strains showed <85 % identity to those of all the other bocaparvoviruses, indicating that DBoV1 and DBoV2 are two bocaparvovirus species according to the ICTV criteria. Although the typical genome structure of NS1-NP1-VP1/VP2 was observed in DBoV1 and DBoV2, no phospholipase A2 motif and associated calcium binding site were observed in the predicted VP1 sequences for any of the 18 sequenced DBoV2, and no start codons were found for their VP1. For all 18 DBoV2 genomes, an AT-rich region of variable length and composition was present downstream to NP1. Further studies will be crucial to understand the pathogenic potential of DBoVs in this unique group of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Y Woo
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Susanna K P Lau
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hoi-Wah Tsoi
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Hazel C Yeung
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Emily Y M Wong
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Franklin W N Chow
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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21
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Nze-Nkogue C, Horie M, Fujita S, Inoue E, Akomo-Okoue EF, Ozawa M, Ngomanda A, Yamagiwa J, Tsukiyama-Kohara K. Identification and molecular characterization of novel primate bocaparvoviruses from wild western lowland gorillas of Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 53:30-37. [PMID: 28495649 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Bocaparvoviruses have been studied extensively owing to their ability to cause respiratory illness or gastroenteritis in humans. Some bocaparvoviruses have been detected in non-human primates (gorillas and chimpanzees), but the diversity and evolution of these viruses are not fully understood. In this study, we collected 107 fecal samples from wild western lowland gorillas in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park in Gabon to investigate the presence of bocaparvoviruses. Using a combination of pan-bocaparvovirus PCR and individual identification by microsatellite genotyping, we found that two samples from two apparently healthy infant gorillas were positive for bocaparvovirus. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the two gorilla bocaparvovirus strains are nearly identical and are closely related to viruses in the species Primate bocaparvovirus 2 (with 86.0% nucleotide identity to a human bocavirus 2 isolate). To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the presence of a non-human primate bocaparovirus within Primate bocaparvovirus 2. Our findings provide novel insights into the diversity and evolution of bocaparvoviruses and highlight the importance of surveying these viruses for the safe management of gorilla-based ecotourism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimene Nze-Nkogue
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan; Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CENAREST), Libreville, Gabon
| | - Masayuki Horie
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan; Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Centre, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shiho Fujita
- Department of Behavioral Physiology and Ecology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Eiji Inoue
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Etienne-François Akomo-Okoue
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CENAREST), Libreville, Gabon
| | - Makoto Ozawa
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan; Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Centre, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Alfred Ngomanda
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CENAREST), Libreville, Gabon
| | | | - Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan; Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Centre, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
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22
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Pankovics P, Boros Á, Bíró H, Horváth KB, Phan TG, Delwart E, Reuter G. Novel picornavirus in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica). INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 37:117-22. [PMID: 26588888 PMCID: PMC7172602 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Picornaviruses (family Picornaviridae) are small, non-enveloped viruses with positive sense, single-stranded RNA genomes. The numbers of the novel picornavirus species and genera are continuously increasing. Picornaviruses infect numerous vertebrate species from fish to mammals, but have not been identified in a member of the Lagomorpha order (pikas, hares and rabbits). In this study, a novel picornavirus was identified in 16 (28.6%) out of 56 faecal samples collected from clinically healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica) in two (one commercial and one family farms) of four rabbit farms in Hungary. The 8364 nucleotide (2486 amino acid) long complete genome sequence of strain Rabbit01/2013/HUN (KT325852) has typical picornavirus genome organization with type-V IRES at the 5'UTR, encodes a leader (L) and a single 2A(H-box/NC) proteins, contains a hepatitis-A-virus-like cis-acting replication element (CRE) in the 2A, but it does not contain the sequence forming a "barbell-like" secondary structure in the 3'UTR. Rabbit01/2013/HUN has 52.9%, 52% and 57.2% amino acid identity to corresponding proteins of species Aichivirus A (genus Kobuvirus): to murine Kobuvirus (JF755427) in P1, to canine Kobuvirus (JN387133) in P2 and to feline Kobuvirus (KF831027) in P3, respectively. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Rabbit01/2013/HUN represents a novel picornavirus species possibly in genus Kobuvirus. This is the first report of detection of picornavirus in rabbit. Further study is needed to clarify whether this novel picornavirus plays a part in any diseases in domestic or wild rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Pankovics
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Boros
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Katalin Barbara Horváth
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tung Gia Phan
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gábor Reuter
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary.
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