1
|
Almeida D, Dias M, Teixeira B, Frazão C, Almeida M, Gonçalves G, Oliveira M, Pinto RJB. Optimized Synthesis of Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanoparticles for the Encapsulation of Flutamide. Gels 2024; 10:274. [PMID: 38667693 PMCID: PMC11049099 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Biopolymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significant attention in several areas as an alternative to synthetic polymeric NPs due to growing environmental and immunological concerns. Among the most promising biopolymers is poly(lactic acid) (PLA), with a reported high degree of biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this work, PLA NPs were synthesized according to a controlled gelation process using a combination of single-emulsion and nanoprecipitation methods. This study evaluated the influence of several experimental parameters for accurate control of the PLA NPs' size distribution and aggregation. Tip sonication (as the stirring method), a PLA concentration of 10 mg/mL, a PVA concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, and low-molecular-weight PLA (Mw = 5000) were established as the best experimental conditions to obtain monodisperse PLA NPs. After gelification process optimization, flutamide (FLU) was used as a model drug to evaluate the encapsulation capability of the PLA NPs. The results showed an encapsulation efficiency of 44% for this cytostatic compound. Furthermore, preliminary cell viability tests showed that the FLU@PLA NPs allowed cell viabilities above 90% up to a concentration of 20 mg/L. The comprehensive findings showcase that the PLA NPs fabricated using this straightforward gelification method hold promise for encapsulating cytostatic compounds, offering a novel avenue for precise drug delivery in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duarte Almeida
- TEMA—Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (D.A.); (G.G.)
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mariana Dias
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Beatriz Teixeira
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.T.); (C.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Carolina Frazão
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.T.); (C.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Mónica Almeida
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.T.); (C.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Gil Gonçalves
- TEMA—Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (D.A.); (G.G.)
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Miguel Oliveira
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.T.); (C.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Ricardo J. B. Pinto
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun J, Ge X, Zhou Y, Liu D, Liu J, Li G, Zheng Y. Research on synergistic erosion by cavitation and sediment: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106399. [PMID: 37060709 PMCID: PMC10139983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sediment erosion frequently occurs in areas with high incidences of cavitation. The collaborative impact of abrasion and cavitation presents a host of challenges, threats, and damages to hydraulic engineering. However, little is known about the synergistic wear mechanism, and research conclusions remain inconsistent. In this work, relevant studies on synergistic erosion have been collected, classified, and analyzed. Presently, research on synergistic wear primarily operates at the macro and micro levels. The microscopic level enables the visualization and quantification of the process by which particles gain momentum from bubbles, the trajectory of particle acceleration, and the mechanism that triggers strong interactions between bubble-particle. At the macro level, erosion is understood as the summation of damage effects on the wall that is caused by the interaction between a plethora of bubbles of varying scales and numerous particles. The synergistic bubble-particle effect is reflected in the dual inhibiting or promoting mechanism. Furthermore, while numerical simulations could be realized by coupling cavitation, multiphase flow, and erosion models, their accuracy is not infallible. In the future, the dual role of particles, and particles driven by micro-jets or shock waves should be fully considered when establishing a combined erosion model. In addition, enhancing the influence of flow field and boundary parameters around bubbles and utilizing FSI would improve the predictive accuracy of erosion location and erosion rate. This work helps to elucidate the combined wear mechanism of hydraulic machinery components in sediment-laden flow environments and provides a theoretical basis for the design, manufacture, processing, and maintenance of hydraulic machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xinfeng Ge
- Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Hydraulic Machinery, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Demin Liu
- Dongfang Electric Machinery, Deyang 618000, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Institute for Hydraulic Machinery, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Gaiye Li
- Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Transfer of AgNPs' Anti-Biofilm Activity into the Nontoxic Polymer Matrix. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051238. [PMID: 36904479 PMCID: PMC10006868 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A biological method was successfully applied to synthesize spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) while using the extract of lavender (Ex-L) (lat. Lavandula angustifolia) as the reducing and stabilizing agent. The produced nanoparticles were spherical with an average size of 20 nm. The AgNPs' synthesis rate confirmed the extract's excellent ability to reduce silver nanoparticles from the AgNO3 solution. The presence of good stabilizing agents was confirmed by the excellent stability of the extract. Nanoparticles' shapes and sizes did not change. UV-Vis absorption spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were incorporated into the PVA polymer matrix by the "ex situ" method. The polymer matrix composite with AgNPs was prepared in two ways: as a composite film and nanofibers (nonwoven textile). The anti-biofilm activity of AgNPs and the ability of AgNPs to transfer toxic properties into the polymer matrix were proved.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim SY, Lee TG, Hwangbo SA, Jeong JR. Effect of the TiO 2 Colloidal Size Distribution on the Degradation of Methylene Blue. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:302. [PMID: 36678052 PMCID: PMC9863734 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 is the most commonly used photocatalyst in water treatment. The particle size of TiO2 is an important factor that significantly influences its activity during photocatalytic degradation. In the presence of liquid, the properties of nanopowders composed of exactly the same product clearly differ according to their aggregation size. In this study, TiO2 nanoparticles with a controlled size were fabricated by focused ultrasound dispersion. The high energy generated by this system was used to control the size of TiO2 particles in the suspension. The constant high energy released by cavitation enabled the dispersion of the particles without a surfactant. The activities of the prepared TiO2 photocatalysts for methylene blue (MB) degradation were then compared. The dye degradation effect of the photocatalyst was as high as 61.7% after 10 min when the size of the powder was controlled in the solution, but it was only as high as 41.0% when the aggregation size was not controlled. Furthermore, when the TiO2 concentration exceeded a certain level, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 decreased. Controlling the size of the aggregated photocatalyst particles is, therefore, essential in water-treatment technologies utilizing TiO2 photocatalytic properties, and adjusting the TiO2 concentration is an important economic factor in this photocatalytic technology. This study contributes to the development of processes for degrading dyes, such as MB, released from wastewater into aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Yul Kim
- Nanosafety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Geol Lee
- Nanosafety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ae Hwangbo
- Nanosafety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ryul Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shaikh MA, Patel VR. Experimental studies on ethanol solubility and nanoparticle (NP) stability in diesel fuel. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Uppin VS, Gouda PSS, Kittur MI, Andriyana A, Ang BC, Parveez B, Badruddin IA, Javed S, Kamangar S. Mechanical Response of Glass-Epoxy Composites with Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8545. [PMID: 36500042 PMCID: PMC9740609 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based fillers possess exceptional properties that encourage researchers toward their incorporation in glass-epoxy (GE) polymer composites. Regarding the mechanical and wear properties of glass-epoxy composites, the effect of graphene oxide (GO) reinforced in glass-epoxy was examined. A decrease in tensile modulus and increase in tensile strength was reported for 1 wt. % of GO. A shift in glass transition temperature Tg was observed with the addition of GO. The cross-link density and storage modulus of the composite decreased with the addition of GO. The decrease in dissipation energy and wear rate was reported with the increase in GO concentration. A simple one-dimensional damage model of nonlinear nature was developed to capture the stress-strain behavior of the unfilled and filled glass-epoxy composite. Tensile modulus E, Weibull scale parameter σo, and Weibull shape parameter β were considered to develop the model. Finally, to understand the failure mechanisms in GO-filled composites, a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination was carried out for tensile fractured composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak S. Uppin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jain College of Engineering, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi 590014, Karnataka, India
| | - P. S. Shivakumar Gouda
- Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SDM College of Engineering and Technology, Dharwad 580002, Karnataka, India
| | - M. I. Kittur
- Centre of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - A. Andriyana
- Centre of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - B. C. Ang
- Centre of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Bisma Parveez
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia
| | - Irfan Anjum Badruddin
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 62421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Javed
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 62421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Kamangar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 62421, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hakke VS, Landge VK, Sonawane SH, Uday Bhaskar Babu G, Ashokkumar M, M M Flores E. The physical, mechanical, thermal and barrier properties of starch nanoparticle (SNP)/polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite films synthesised by an ultrasound-assisted process. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 88:106069. [PMID: 35751937 PMCID: PMC9240861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article reports on the ultrasound-assisted acid hydrolysis for the synthesis and evaluation of starch nanoparticles (SNP) as nanofillers to improve the physical, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of polyurethane (PU) films. During the ultrasonic irradiation, dropwise addition of 0.25 mol L-1 H2SO4 was carried out to the starch dispersion for the preparation of SNPs. The synthesized SNPs were blended uniformly within the PU matrix using ultrasonic irradiation (20 kHz, 220 W pulse mode). The temperature was kept constant during the synthesis (4 °C). The nanocomposite coating films were made with a regulated thickness using the casting method. The effect of SNP content (wt%) in nanocomposite coating films on various properties such as morphology, water vapour permeability (WVP), glass transition temperature (Tg), microbial barrier, and mechanical properties was studied. The addition of SNP to the PU matrix increased the roughness of the surface, and Tg by 7 °C, lowering WVP by 60% compared to the PU film without the addition of SNP. As the SNP concentration was increased, the opacity of the film increased. The reinforcement of the SNP in the PU matrix enhanced the microbial barrier of the film by 99.9%, with the optimal content of SNP being 5%. Improvement in the toughness and barrier properties was observed with an increase in the SNP content of the film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas S Hakke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana State, India
| | - Vividha K Landge
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana State, India
| | - Shirish H Sonawane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana State, India.
| | - G Uday Bhaskar Babu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana State, India
| | | | - Erico M M Flores
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Van Nguyen TT, Yang GX, Phan AN, Nguyen T, Ho TGT, Nguyen ST, Ky Phuong HH. Insights into the effects of synthesis techniques and crosslinking agents on the characteristics of cellulosic aerogels from Water Hyacinth. RSC Adv 2022; 12:19225-19231. [PMID: 35865612 PMCID: PMC9247806 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02944h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerogel cellulose materials were synthesised from Water hyacinth and different crosslinkers, such as kymene and a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GA). The effects of using a magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic methods were investigated. The results show that materials prepared using ultrasonic methods have higher porosity and lower density. The thermal conductivity of the synthesised aerogel cellulose could be as low as 0.0281 W m K−1, showing the good heat insulation performance of this material. Absorption capacity was tested using diesel oil (DO), and the highest capacities of 58.82 and 52.03 g g−1 of DO were found with kymene and PVA + GA as crosslinkers, respectively. The reusability of the materials was tested. After 10 cycles, the DO absorption capacity was 62.8% of the value of the first cycle for the aerogel cellulose sample with kymene as the crosslinker and 72.7% for the sample with PVA + GA as the crosslinking agent. Aerogel cellulose materials were synthesised from Water hyacinth and different crosslinkers, such as kymene and a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GA).![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Van Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward, Dist. 12 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Goh Xue Yang
- NUS Mechanical Engineering 2 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore
| | - Anh N Phan
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Tri Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward, Dist. 12 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Thanh Gia-Thien Ho
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward, Dist. 12 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Son Truong Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist. Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam .,Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT) 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Ha Huynh Ky Phuong
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist. Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam .,Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT) 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Siva Kumar OVPR, Sundaramoorthy A, Padmapriya VS, Raman DN. Preparation of freestanding films from SWCNT/PANI nanocomposites using different blending techniques and characterization of their EMI shielding effectiveness in X-band. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2021.2012680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. V. P. R. Siva Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology, Medchal District, Telangana, India
| | - Arunmetha Sundaramoorthy
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K.L.E.F. (deemed to be University), Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - V. S. Padmapriya
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology, Medchal District, Telangana, India
| | - Dhineshbabu Nattanmai Raman
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ruan S, Tang J, Qin Y, Wang J, Yan T, Zhou J, Gao D, Xu E, Liu D. Mechanical force-induced dispersion of starch nanoparticles and nanoemulsion: Size control, dispersion behaviour, and emulsified stability. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118711. [PMID: 34742436 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High amylose starch nanoparticles (HS-SNPs) were rapidly synthesised by high-speed circumferential force of homogenisation (3000 and 15,000 rpm) during nanoprecipitation. Morphology and dynamic light scattering analyses showed that HS-SNPs fabricated by stronger circumferential shearing were excellent stabilisers in smaller sizes (20-50 nm). Their aggregates were liable to separate in the aqueous phase with the nano effect under either homogenisation over 6 min or ultrasonication in 2 min. SNP-based nanoemulsion (<200 nm) of high-water fraction was achieved, though the high hydrophilicity of the SNPs were identified by the contact angle. For homogenisation (with 100-2000 nm emulsion size), only time prolongation led to a better dispersion of SNP aggregates. Ultrasonication with periodic cavitation could disintegrate SNP aggregates into micro-aggregates for a stable emulsion system in a short period. In contrast, long-term ultrasound caused simultaneous re-agglomeration and solubilisation of the SNPs, leading to weakened interface barriers and decreased storage stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Junyu Tang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yu Qin
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Tianyi Yan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - De Gao
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Enbo Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Z, Kataoka T, Samitsu S, Kawagoe D, Tagaya M. Nanostructural control of transparent hydroxyapatite nanoparticle films using a citric acid coordination technique. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:396-405. [PMID: 34935845 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02002a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA), as the main mineral component in hard tissues, has good biocompatibility. In particular, HA films are widely used as bioactive coatings for artificial bones and dental implants in biomedical fields. However, it is currently difficult to prepare a nanostructure-controlled HA film by a wet process for further applications. Herein, we report the synthesis of HA nanoparticles coordinated by citric acid (Cit/HA) based on the interactions between carboxylate and calcium ions to control the sizes and shapes of the hybrid nanoparticles, to improve their dispersibility in water and to eventually form uniform transparent films with nanospaces, and investigated the film formation mechanism. As compared with the well-known rod-like HA nanoparticles (size: 48 × 15 nm2), we successfully synthesized spherical and negatively charged Cit/HA nanoparticles (size: 25 × 23 nm2) to achieve highly transparent Cit/HA films using the spin-coating technique. The Cit/HA films had uniform and crack-free appearance. About the nanostructures, we found that the Cit/HA film surfaces had meso-scaled nanospaces with a diameter of 4.2 nm based on the regular arrangement of spherical nanoparticles, instead of the HA film with a nanospace diameter of 24.5 nm formed by non-uniform accumulation. Therefore, we successfully achieved the control of the nanospace sizes of the films with the nanoparticle arrangement and realized transparent nanoparticle film formation in a very simple way, which will provide more convenient bioceramic films for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhen Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Takuya Kataoka
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Sadaki Samitsu
- Data-driven Polymer Design Group, Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawagoe
- Department of Materials Chemistry and Bioengineering, Oyama National College of Technology, 771 Nakakuki, Oyama, Tochigi 323-0806, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tagaya
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shen X, Wang J, Xin G. Effect of the Zeta Potential on the Corrosion Resistance of Electroless Nickel and PVDF Composite Layers Using Surfactants. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:33122-33129. [PMID: 34901663 PMCID: PMC8655888 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Composite layers of Ni-P and PVDF were obtained using surfactants to enhance the corrosion resistance of the fluoride ion. The zeta potential of PVDF particles was changed with the surfactants (cationic, anionic, and nonionic). The effects of the zeta potential of PVDF particles on the particle distribution, morphology, composition, hydrophobicity, and corrosion resistance of the composite layers were studied using the different types of surfactants. The deposition behaviors of the Ni-P layer and PVDF particles strongly depended on the zeta potential of PVDF particles. Using anionic surfactants, especially C12H25SO4Na (SDS), the zeta potential of PVDF particles was -30.6 mV. The densification and uniformity of the composite layers with a higher amount of PVDF particles were achieved, which resulted in the superior resistance to fluoride ion corrosion. After heating at 180 °C, the PVDF particles were melted, spread, and filled into the pores of the composite layers, which led to the further enhanced corrosion resistance. It was demonstrated that the zeta potential of PVDF particles affected the dispersion, stability, and codeposition with electroless nickel, which resulted in the uniform and dense composite layers and enhanced the corrosion resistance of the fluoride ion.
Collapse
|
13
|
Mohana AA, Farhad SM, Haque N, Pramanik BK. Understanding the fate of nano-plastics in wastewater treatment plants and their removal using membrane processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131430. [PMID: 34323805 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) have become a major environmental issue due to their adverse effect on the water environment. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is considered as one of the main sources for breaking down of larger-sized plastic debris and microplastics (MPs) into NPs. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of NPs generation in the WWTPs, their physiochemical characteristics and interaction with the WWTPs. It is found that cracking is the major mechanism of plastics fragmentation in the WWTPs. This review also discusses the current membrane process used for NPs removal. It is found that conventional membrane processes are ineffective as they are not designed for NPs removal and fouling is a major obstacle for its application. Therefore, this study concludes by providing an outlook of developing a bio-nanofiltration process that can be used as a tertiary treatment for removing NPs and other components present in water. Such a process can produce NPs-free water for non-potable use or safe discharge into open waterways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anika Amir Mohana
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - S M Farhad
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Nawshad Haque
- CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton South, Melbourne, VIC, 3169, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo C, Liu J, Li X, Yang S. Effect of cavitation bubble on the dispersion of magnetorheological polishing fluid under ultrasonic preparation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 79:105782. [PMID: 34649163 PMCID: PMC8517386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the ultrasonic dispersion process, the ultrasonic cavitation effect can seriously affect the dispersion efficiency of magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF), but the mechanism remains unclear now. Through considering the continuity equation and Vand viscosity equation of the suspension, a revised cavitation bubble dynamic model in the MRPF was developed and calculated. The effects of presence or absence of solid particles, the volume fraction of solid particles, and viscosity on the cavitation bubble motion characteristics in the MRPF were discussed. Settlement experiments of the MRPF under ultrasonic and mechanical dispersion were observed. Analysis of particle dispersion is made by trinocular biomicroscope and image processing of the microscopic morphology of the MRPF. The results show that the high volume fraction of carbonyl iron particle (CIP) will significantly weaken the cavitation effect, and the low volume fraction of green silicon carbide (GSC) has a negligible effect on the cavitation effect in the MRPF. When the liquid viscosity is greater than or equal to 0.1 Pa·s, it is inconvenient to produce micro-jets in the MRPF. The sedimentation rate of the MRPF prepared by ultrasonic dispersion is lower than mechanical dispersion when the volume fraction of CIP is between 1% and 25%. The dispersion ratio under ultrasonic dispersion is lower than that under mechanical dispersion. The experimental results fit the simulation well. It offers a theoretical basis for exploring the ultrasonic cavitation effect in the industrial application of the MRPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Guo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Precision Machining, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China; Taiyuan Heavy Mechinery Group Co., LTD, 030024 Taiyuan, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Precision Machining, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiuhong Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Precision Machining, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China
| | - Shengqiang Yang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Precision Machining, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Priyadarshi A, Khavari M, Subroto T, Prentice P, Pericleous K, Eskin D, Durodola J, Tzanakis I. Mechanisms of ultrasonic de-agglomeration of oxides through in-situ high-speed observations and acoustic measurements. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 79:105792. [PMID: 34666238 PMCID: PMC8524947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic de-agglomeration and dispersion of oxides is important for a range of applications. In particular, in liquid metal, this is one of the ways to produce metal-matrix composites reinforced with micron and nano sized particles. The associated mechanism through which the de-agglomeration occurs has, however, only been conceptualized theoretically and not yet been validated with experimental observations. In this paper, the influence of ultrasonic cavitation on SiO2 and MgO agglomerates (commonly found in lightweight alloys as reinforcements) with individual particle sizes ranging between 0.5 and 10 μm was observed for the first time in-situ using high-speed imaging. Owing to the opacity of liquid metals, a de-agglomeration imaging experiment was carried out in de-ionised water with sequences captured at frame rates up to 50 kfps. In-situ observations were further accompanied by synchronised acoustic measurements using an advanced calibrated cavitometer, to reveal the effect of pressure amplitude arising from oscillating microbubbles on oxide de-agglomeration. Results showed that ultrasound-induced microbubble clusters pulsating chaotically, were predominantly responsible for the breakage and dispersion of oxide agglomerates. Such oscillating cavitation clusters were seen to capture the floating agglomerates resulting in their immediate disintegration. De-agglomeration of oxides occurred from both the surface and within the bulk of the aggregate. Microbubble clusters oscillating with associated emission frequencies at the subharmonic, 1st harmonic and low order ultra-harmonics of the driving frequency were deemed responsible for the breakage of the agglomerates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Priyadarshi
- Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX33 1HX, United Kingdom.
| | - Mohammad Khavari
- Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX33 1HX, United Kingdom
| | - Tungky Subroto
- Brunel Centre for Advance Solidification Technology (BCAST), Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Prentice
- Cavitation Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Koulis Pericleous
- Computational Science and Engineering Group (CSEG), Department of Mathematics, University of Greenwich, London SE10 9LS, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry Eskin
- Brunel Centre for Advance Solidification Technology (BCAST), Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom; Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - John Durodola
- Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX33 1HX, United Kingdom
| | - Iakovos Tzanakis
- Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX33 1HX, United Kingdom; Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cheng X, Huang X, Tian B, Wang T, Hao H. Behaviors and physical mechanism of ceftezole sodium de-agglomeration driven by ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 74:105570. [PMID: 33930689 PMCID: PMC8100626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-mediated method, which can effectively disperse agglomerates or even eliminate agglomeration, has received more and more attentions in industrial crystallization. However, the ultrasound-mediated de-agglomeration mechanism has not been well understood, and no general conclusions have been drawn. In this study, the crystallization and de-agglomeration process of ceftezole sodium agglomerates under ultrasound irradiation were systematically investigated. Kapur function was selected to investigate the de-agglomeration process under different ultrasonic powers. The results revealed that ultrasound could efficiently inhibit agglomeration. Besides, the de-agglomeration of large sized agglomerate particles was found to be easier to occur in comparison with small sized particles due to its higher specific breakage rate. Finally, the de-agglomeration mechanism under ultrasonic irradiation was proposed on the basis of the calculated cumulative breakage functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Beiqian Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center for Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570208, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Incorporation of Powder Particles into an Impeller-Stirred Liquid Bath through Vortex Formation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112710. [PMID: 34063966 PMCID: PMC8196717 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study addresses the incorporation of fine particles into liquids via the creation of a large-scale swirling vortex on the liquid free surface using a rotary impeller positioned along the axis of a cylindrical vessel. Four types of particles are used in the experiments to investigate the incorporation efficiency of the particles into a water bath under different impeller rotation speeds. Additionally, the vortex characteristics are investigated numerically. The results reveal that two factors, namely the particle wettability and turbulent oscillations at the bottom part of vortex surface, play dominant roles in determining the particle incorporation behavior. Hydrophobic particles are incapable of being incorporated into the water bath under any of the conditions examined in the present study. Partly wettable particles are entrained into the water bath, with the efficiency increasing with the impeller rotation speed and particle size. This is because an increase in the impeller rotation speed causes vortex deformation, whereby its bottom part approaches the impeller blades where the turbulent surface oscillations reach maximum amplitudes. Another possible mechanism of particle incorporation is the effect of capillary increases of liquid into the spaces between particles, which accumulate on the bottom surface of the vortex.
Collapse
|
18
|
Dong B, Xue N, Mu G, Wang M, Xiao Z, Dai L, Wang Z, Huang D, Qian H, Chen W. Synthesis of monodisperse spherical AgNPs by ultrasound-intensified Lee-Meisel method, and quick evaluation via machine learning. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 73:105485. [PMID: 33588207 PMCID: PMC7896189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high reactivity of Ag+ and uncontrolled growth process, the AgNPs produced by conventional Lee-Meisel method always exhibited larger particle size (30-200 nm) and polydisperse morphology (including spherical, triangular, and rod-like shape). An ultrasound-intensified Lee-Meisel (UILM) method is developed in this study to environmental-friendly and controllable synthesize monodisperse spherical AgNPs (~3.7 nm). Effects of Ag:citrate ratio (1:3 or 5:4), ultrasound power (300 to 1200 W) and reaction time (4 to 24 min) on the physical-chemical properties of AgNPs are investigated systematically. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, UV-Vis spectra, average particle size, zeta potential and pH value all demonstrate that crystallization and digestive ripening processes are facilitated in the presence of ultrasound irradiation. Therefore, both chemical reaction rate and mass transfer rate are enhanced to accelerate primary nucleation and inhibit uncontrolled particle growth, leading to the formation of monodisperse spherical AgNPs. Moreover, a machine learning approach - Decision Tree Regressor in conjunction with Shapley value analysis reveal the concentration of reactants is a more important feature affecting the particle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Ning Xue
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Guohao Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Mengjun Wang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zonghua Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Lin Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hongliang Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liou JC, Peng CW, Chen ZX. Investigation of Cylindrical Piezoelectric and Specific Multi-Channel Circular MEMS-Transducer Array Resonator of Ultrasonic Ablation. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12040371. [PMID: 33808313 PMCID: PMC8066577 DOI: 10.3390/mi12040371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A cylindrical piezoelectric element and a specific multi-channel circular microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-transducer array of ultrasonic system were used for ultrasonic energy generation and ablation. A relatively long time is required for the heat to be conducted to the target position. Ultrasound thermal therapy has great potential for treating deep hyperplastic tissues and tumors, such as breast cancer and liver tumors. METHODS Ultrasound ablation technology produces thermal energy by heating the surface of a target, and the heat gradually penetrates to the target's interior. Beamforming was performed to observe energy distribution. A resonance method was used to generate ablation energy for verification. Energy was generated according to the coordinates of geometric graph positions to reach the ablation temperature. RESULTS The mean resonance frequency of Channels 1-8 was 2.5 MHz, and the cylindrical piezoelectric ultrasonic element of Channel A was 4.2546 Ω at 5.7946 MHz. High-intensity ultrasound has gradually been applied in clinical treatment. Widely adopted, ultrasonic hyperthermia involves the use of high-intensity ultrasound to heat tissues at 42-45 °C for 30-60 min. CONCLUSION In the ultrasonic energy method, when the target position reaches a temperature that significantly reduces the cell viability (46.9 °C), protein surface modification occurs on the surface of the target.
Collapse
|
20
|
Peng Y, Xia C, Cui M, Yao Z, Yi X. Effect of reaction condition on microstructure and properties of (NiCuZn)Fe 2O 4 nanoparticles synthesized via co-precipitation with ultrasonic irradiation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 71:105369. [PMID: 33125960 PMCID: PMC7571381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nano-spinel ferrites synthesized via chemical co-precipitation method are small in size and have serious agglomeration phenomenon, which makes separation difficult in the subsequent process. Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferrites nanoparticles were synthesized via co-precipitation assisted with ultrasonic irradiation produced by ultrasonic cleaner with 20 kHz frequency using chlorinated salts and KOH as initial materials. The effects of ultrasonic power (0, 40 W, 60 W, 80 W) and reaction temperature on the microstructure and magnetic properties of ferrite nanoparticles were investigated. The structure analyses via XRD revealed the successful formation of pure (NiCuZn)Fe2O4 ferrites nanospinel without any impurity. The crystallites sizes were less than 40 nm and the lattice constant was near 8.39 Å. The TEM showed ferrite particle polygonal. M-H analyses performed the saturation magnetization and coercivity of ferrite nanoparticles obtained at the reaction temperature of 25℃ were higher than at 50℃ with same power. The samples exhibited the highest values of Ms 55.67 emu/g at 25℃ and 47.77 emu/g at 50℃ for 60 W and the lowest values of Hc 71.23 Oe at 25℃ for 40 W and 52.85 Oe at 50℃ for 60 W. The squareness ratio (SQR) were found to be lower than 0.5, which revealed the single magnetic domain nature (NiCuZn)Fe2O4 nanoparticles. All the outcomes show the ultrasonic irradiation has positive effects on improving the microstructure and increasing magnetic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Chao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Minghui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zhixin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xuwu Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hwangbo SA, Kwak M, Kim J, Lee TG. Novel Surfactant-Free Water Dispersion Technique of TiO 2 NPs Using Focused Ultrasound System. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020427. [PMID: 33567644 PMCID: PMC7915381 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are used in a wide variety of products, such as renewable energy resources, cosmetics, foods, packaging materials, and inks. However, large quantities of surfactants are used to prepare waterborne TiO2 nanoparticles with long-term dispersion stability, and very few studies have investigated the development of pure water dispersion technology without the use of surfactants and synthetic auxiliaries. This study investigated the use of focused ultrasound to prepare surfactant-free waterborne TiO2 nanoparticles to determine the optimal conditions for dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in water. Under 395–400 kHz and 100–105 W conditions, 1 wt% TiO2 colloids were prepared. Even in the absence of a surfactant, in the water dispersion state, the nanoparticles were dispersed with a particle size distribution of ≤100 nm and did not re-agglomerate for up to 30 days, demonstrating their excellent dispersion stability.
Collapse
|
22
|
Koizumi H, Uddin MA, Kato Y. Effect of ultrasonic irradiation on γ-Fe2O3 formation by co-precipitation method with Fe3+ salt and alkaline solution. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
23
|
Hwangbo SA, Choi YM, Lee TG. Influence of Piezoelectric Properties on the Ultrasonic Dispersion of TiO 2 Nanoparticles in Aqueous Suspension. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12010052. [PMID: 33466311 PMCID: PMC7824753 DOI: 10.3390/mi12010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the soft-type and hard-type lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics were compared in order to create an optimal system for ultrasonic dispersion of nanoparticles, and sound pressure energy for each PZT ceramic was analyzed and closely examined with ultrasonic energy. TiO2 was water-dispersed using the soft-type and hard-type PZT transducer, possessing different characteristics, and its suspension particle size and distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and dispersion were evaluated for 180 days. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the particles dispersed using the hard-type PZT transducer were smaller than the particles dispersed using the soft-type PZT by 15 nm or more. Because the hard-type PZT transducer had a lower PDI, uniform particle size distribution was also confirmed. In addition, by measuring the zeta potential over time, it was found that the hard-type PZT transducer has higher dispersion safety. In addition, it was confirmed that the ultrasonically dispersed TiO2 suspension using a hard-type PZT transducer maintained constant particle size distribution for 180 days, whereas the suspension from the soft-type PZT aggregated 30 days later. Therefore, the hard-type PZT is more suitable for ultrasonic dispersion of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ae Hwangbo
- Naosafety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
| | - Young Min Choi
- Department of Thermal Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Korea;
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- Naosafety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-042-868-5003
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Atarod M, Safari J, Tebyanian H. Ultrasound irradiation and green synthesized CuO-NiO-ZnO mixed metal oxide: An efficient sono/nano-catalytic system toward a regioselective synthesis of 1-aryl-5-amino-1 H-tetrazoles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1761396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Atarod
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Javad Safari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Tebyanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shen M, Song B, Zhu Y, Zeng G, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Wen X, Chen M, Yi H. Removal of microplastics via drinking water treatment: Current knowledge and future directions. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126612. [PMID: 32443234 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of microplastics in drinking water systems has increasingly become a major environmental challenge. Although the potential impacts of microplastics in drinking water on humans are not yet fully understood, microplastics attract the public health concern when they are consumed by humans through drinking water systems. Current drinking water treatment plants constitute an obstacle to the entry of microplastics from raw water into daily drinking water. Therefore, understanding the behaviors of drinking water treatment process and the fates of microplastics in drinking water treatment plants are very important. We systematically reviewed the available knowledge on the global existence of microplastics in raw water, treated water and tap water in this paper. This will offer a new perspective for the threat of microplastics in drinking water to human health and help to formulate effective strategies for microplastic monitoring. The existing knowledge of microplastic removal by different treatment processes was also thoroughly discussed. Additionally, the potential challenges of microplastic removal from treatment processes and remediation strategies of microplastics in drinking water were also put forward. The relationship between the properties and behavior of microplastics during different treatment processes is suggested to explore in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Huan Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zheng Y, Shahsavar A, Afrand M. Sonication time efficacy on Fe 3O 4-liquid paraffin magnetic nanofluid thermal conductivity: An experimental evaluation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 64:105004. [PMID: 32171684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the duration of sonication efficacy on the thermal conductivity of Fe3O4-liquid paraffin nanofluid is investigated. The nanofluid is produced at 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.025 and 0.03 vol concentrations by applying two-step method. The sonication process is performed in a temperature range of 20-90 °C. The duration of sonication seems to have two important effects: On the one hand, increasing the duration of sonication breaks the nanoparticles clusters, hence distributes the nanoparticles more uniformly which in turn rises thermal conductivity. On the other hand, an excessive increase in the duration of sonication can impair nanofluid stability. The results of experimental tests proved that the optimal duration of sonication is 3 h. The optimal duration of sonication is not dependent on the nanoparticles volume fraction (φ) and temperature. It was found that at the highest temperature and φ (90 °C,0.03), the greatest thermal conductivity enhancement (28.49%) is obtained. In contrast, at the lowest temperature and φ (20 °C,0.005) the lowest thermal conductivity enhancement was obtained (2.82%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhou Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, 588 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan, China; School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, 588 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Amin Shahsavar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Afrand
- Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Performance Improvement of Ring-Type PZT Ceramics for Ultrasonic Dispersion System. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11020144. [PMID: 32012857 PMCID: PMC7074858 DOI: 10.3390/mi11020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study has been based on the examination of the characterization of ring-type lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics for high-intensity focused ultrasonic dispersion system. The ring-type PZT ceramics were fabricated by the powder molding method. The mechanical properties, dielectric constant, and microstructure of the ceramics were investigated. Consequently, the density of the ceramics was increased with increasing forming pressure while the density of ceramics that were sintered at 1350 °C was decreased due to over-sintering. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were excellent at the higher forming pressure. The dielectric property of the ring-type PZT ceramics was not clearly influenced by the manufacturing and sintering conditions. The abnormal grain growth of the ceramics, however, could be prevented by a lower heating rate in addition to reducing the porosity.
Collapse
|
28
|
Physicochemical inspection and in vitro bioactivity behavior of bio-nanocomposite alginate hydrogels filled by magnesium fluoro-hydroxyapatite. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
29
|
Chen Z, Shahsavar A, Al-Rashed AA, Afrand M. The impact of sonication and stirring durations on the thermal conductivity of alumina-liquid paraffin nanofluid: An experimental assessment. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Taheri-Ledari R, Rahimi J, Maleki A. Synergistic catalytic effect between ultrasound waves and pyrimidine-2,4-diamine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles: Applied for synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine pharmaceutical derivatives. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 59:104737. [PMID: 31473427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A convenient strategy for synthesis of the various derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP), as one of the most important pharmaceutical compounds, is presented in this study. For this purpose, firstly, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) were fabricated and suitably coated by silica network (SiO2) and trimethoxy vinylsilane (TMVS). Then, their surfaces were well functionalized with pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (PDA) as the main active sites for catalyzing the synthesis reactions. In this regard, the performance of three different methods including reflux, microwave (MW) and ultrasound wave (USW) irradiations have been comparatively monitored via studying various analyses on the fabricated nanocatalyst (Fe3O4/SiO2-PDA). Concisely, high efficiency of the USW irradiation (in an ultrasound cleaning bath with a frequency of 50 kHz and power of 250 W/L) has been well proven through the investigation of the main factors such as excellent surface-functionalization, core/shell structure conservation, particle uniformity, close size distribution of the particles, and great inhibition of the particle aggregation. Then, the effectiveness of the USW irradiation as a promising co-catalyst agent has been clearly demonstrated in the 1,4-DHP synthesis reactions. It has been concluded that the USW could provide more appropriate conditions for activation of the catalytic sites of Fe3O4/SiO2-PDA NPs. However, high reaction yields (89%) have been obtained in the short reaction times (10 min) due to the substantial synergistic effect between the presented nanocatalyst and USW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Taheri-Ledari
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Jamal Rahimi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Enfrin M, Dumée LF, Lee J. Nano/microplastics in water and wastewater treatment processes - Origin, impact and potential solutions. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 161:621-638. [PMID: 31254888 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The presence of nano and microplastics in water has increasingly become a major environmental challenge. A key challenge in their detection resides in the relatively inadequate analytical techniques available preventing deep understanding of the fate of nano/microplastics in water. The occurrence of nano/microplastics in water and wastewater treatment plants poses a concern for the quality of the treated water. Due to their broad but small size and diverse chemical natures, nano/microplastics may travel easily along water and wastewater treatment processes infiltrating remediation processes at various levels, representing operational and process stability challenges. This review aims at presenting the current understanding of the fate and impact of nano/microplastics through water and wastewater treatment plants. The formation and fragmentation mechanisms, physical-chemical properties and occurrence of nano/microplastics in water are correlated to the interactions of nano/microplastics with water and wastewater treatment plant processes and potential solutions to limit these interactions are comprehensively reviewed. This critical analysis offers new strategies to limit the number of nano/microplastics in water and wastewater to keep water quality up to the required standards and reduce threats on our ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Enfrin
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, GU27XH, United Kingdom
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia.
| | - Judy Lee
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey, GU27XH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lu X, Wang Z, Hu D, Liang X, Ji J. Design of a Horizontal Ball-Mill Reactor and Its Application in Dimerization of Natural Fatty Acids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Lu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhihe Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dongdong Hu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianbing Ji
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|