1
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Han D, Ahn B, Min KD. Exploring preventive factors against insufficient antibody positivity rate for foot-and-mouth disease in pig farms in South Korea: a preliminary ecological study. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e13. [PMID: 38311326 PMCID: PMC10839178 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease in livestock that has tremendous economic impact nationally. After multiple FMD outbreaks, the South Korean government implemented a vaccination policy for efficient disease control. However, during active surveillance by quarantine authorities, pig farms have reported an insufficient antibody positivity rate to FMD. OBJECTIVE In this study, the spatial and temporal trends of insufficiency among pig farms were analyzed, and the effect of the number of government veterinary officers was explored as a potential preventive factor. METHODS Various data were acquired, including national-level surveillance data for antibody insufficiency from the Korea Animal Health Integrated System, the number of veterinary officers, and the number of local pig farms. Temporal and geographical descriptive analyses were conducted to overview spatial and temporal trends. Additionally, logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between the number of officers per pig farm with antibody insufficiency. Spatial cluster analysis was conducted to detect spatial clusters. RESULTS The results showed that the incidence of insufficiency tended to decrease in recent years (odds ratio [OR], 0.803; 95% confidence interval [95% CIs], 0.721-0.893), and regions with a higher density of governmental veterinary officers (OR, 0.942; 95% CIs, 0.918-0.965) were associated with a lower incidence. CONCLUSIONS This study implies that previously conducted national interventions would be effective, and the quality of government-provided veterinary care could play an important role in addressing the insufficient positivity rate of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoon Han
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Pyeongtaek District Office, Pyeongtaek 17962, Korea
- Graduate of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Byeongwoo Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Kyung-Duk Min
- Graduate of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
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Vaccination Failures in Pigs-The Impact of Chosen Factors on the Immunisation Efficacy. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020230. [PMID: 36851108 PMCID: PMC9964700 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases that often lead to economic losses still pose a severe problem in the pig production sector. Because of increasing restrictions on antibiotic usage, vaccines may become one of the major approaches to controlling infectious diseases; much research has proved that they could be very efficient. Nevertheless, during their life, pigs are exposed to various factors that can interfere with vaccination efficacy. Therefore, in the present paper, we reviewed the influence of chosen factors on the pig immunisation process, such as stress, faecal microbiota, host genetics, the presence of MDAs, infections with immunosuppressive pathogens, and treatment with antibiotics and mycotoxins. Many of them turned out to have an adverse impact on vaccine efficacy.
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3
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Park MY, Han YJ, Choi EJ, Kim H, Pervin R, Shin W, Kwon D, Kim JM, Pyo HM. Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:673820. [PMID: 34422940 PMCID: PMC8371437 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.673820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In South Korea, domestic cattle, pigs, and goats were subjected to mandatory foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination and year-round serosurveillance since 2011. In 2020, approximately USD 95 million was spent solely for FMD vaccine purchase for 59 million livestock, and 1.25 million samples were tested to estimate the population immunity and demonstrate the absence of virus circulation. As the FMD vaccination program was revised in 2018, the post-vaccination monitoring (PVM) was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccine program of three vaccines approved for routine use. To this end, monitoring post-vaccination immunity has been conducted by collecting 35,626 serum samples at 28 days post-vaccination following regular national vaccinations, which were carried out in April and in October in 2020. The design of the serological test for PVM was specially targeted at particular livestock groups, including dairy cattle, goats, and beef cattle aged 6–12 months, which were generally estimated to have a low expected seroprevalence. The risk factors had also been identified, considering the increased likelihood of infection in a particular location, herd size, and husbandry system applied in a targeted sample collection. Serum sample collection and SP-O and NSP antibody tests were performed by local veterinary laboratories using commercially available ELISAs. The current FMD vaccination program, which was performed twice a year following the regimen of primary vaccination and boost, resulted in over 80% population immunity. The seroprevalence monitored after the vaccination in fall was higher than the one studied in spring except in pigs. It was demonstrated that the seroprevalence of risk-based targeted samples ranged from 93.8 to 100% in cattle, 63.2 to 100% in pigs, and 20.0 to 100% in goats. Of note is the area near the North Korean borders which showed a relatively low seroprevalence among the targeted regions, and no NSP sero-positive reactor was detected in this region. When subpopulation immunity at the individual level was assessed, the seroprevalence in young cattle stock was slightly lower (95.8%) than that of adults (98.4%). In conclusion, the FMD vaccination campaign has been successfully implemented in Korea, and the PVM can be a supplementary program for massive routine surveillance in terms of providing timely information needed both to estimate population immunity and to properly target “risk-based surveillance.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Park
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - You Jin Han
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Choi
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - HeeYeon Kim
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - Rokeya Pervin
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - Wonseok Shin
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - Doheon Kwon
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Kim
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Pyo
- Foot and Mouth Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, South Korea
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4
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Choi J, Jo HJ, Jung SS, Choi J, Lee SH, Kim HH, Kim YJ, Kim B, Park JH, Kim J. Evaluation of swine protection with foot-and-mouth disease O 1/Campos and O/Primorsky/2014 vaccines against the O Mya-98 lineage virus from East Asia. Vaccine 2021; 39:1701-1707. [PMID: 33618945 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two type O commercial vaccines, the O1/Campos and O/Primorsky/2014 vaccines, were studied to evaluate the in vivo efficacy in pigs against heterologous virus challenge with the O/SKR/Jincheon/2014 virus (O/SEA/Mya-98 lineage) isolated in Korea in 2014. The in vivo challenge results indicated that both vaccines induced a high heterologous virus neutralization test (VNT) titer by a single injection and successfully protected specific pathogen-free (SPF) pigs from challenge infection. To determine the optimal vaccination age, a field trial with each vaccine was conducted with three one-shot-vaccinated groups that were injected at 8, 12, or 14 weeks of age and one two-shot-vaccinated group that was injected at 8 and 12 weeks of age in the pig farms. In these field trials, the improved serological performance at 20 and 24 weeks of age expected with vaccination at 12 or 14 weeks of age was not observed, although improved serological results were expected as the result of decreasing interference of maternally derived antibodies (MDAs), as MDAs waned with age. In addition, delayed vaccination resulted in MDA depletion at 14 weeks of age. Therefore, the optimal age for primary vaccination with two different formulated vaccines was 8 weeks old in pigs, considering that MDAs could provide a protective immunity against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) infection. Prolonged significantly higher VNT titers of immunized pigs were demonstrated in the two-shot-vaccinated groups. In total, the effectiveness of the two vaccines was demonstrated through efficacy tests and field trials in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Choi
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jun Jo
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187, Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Suk Jung
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jida Choi
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Heon Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Hyun Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Joo Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Byounghan Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejo Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
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Kim J, Kim T, Hong JK, Lee HS, Lee KN, Jo HJ, Choi J, Choi J, Lee SH, Lee MH, Kim B, Park JH. The interference effect of maternally-derived antibodies on the serological performance of pigs immunized with a foot-and-mouth disease oil emulsion vaccine. Vaccine 2020; 38:1723-1729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Elgioushy M, Rizk MA, El-Adl M, Elhadidy M, El-Khodery S. The first molecular detection of Clostridium perfringens from pneumonic cases associated with foot and mouth disease in cattle and buffalo in Egypt. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 51:847-852. [PMID: 30488175 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Panting syndrome and respiratory infection have been recorded in complicated cases of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cattle. However, investigations on the causative agents of respiratory disease in such cases are scarce. In this study, 30 animals (13 buffalo and 17 cattle) suffering from respiratory distress associated with signs of FMD were examined. Serum samples were collected and FMD infection was confirmed. Bacteriological examination of lungs from eight necropitized cases revealed the presence of C. perfringens. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) was performed on the positive samples followed by sequencing analysis. The alpha toxin gene (plc) of C. perfringens was identified in six cases. The present investigation highlights the role of clostridial infection as a complication of FMD in cattle and buffalo. This is the first report identifying the C. perfringens toxins from lung of animals with respiratory distress associated with FMD infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy Elgioushy
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 37916, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo Rizk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Adl
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elhadidy
- Zewail City of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Sabry El-Khodery
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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7
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Kang YL, Jeong JY, Choi HY, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Lee HJ, Choi JC, Lee SH, Lee BJ, Lee SW, Lee JB, Cho KH, Park SY. Evaluation and optimization of a conventional SPCE for FMD post-vaccination monitoring. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:371. [PMID: 30486820 PMCID: PMC6260702 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1686-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) can be controlled by either stamping out or vaccination, a choice which depends on both the economic importance of the livestock sector as well as the disease status. In FMD-free countries with vaccination, such as Korea, vaccination programs should guarantee prevention against transmission of FMD. Monitoring of vaccination programs is also essential for ensuring sufficient coverage that will limit the transmission of FMDV. There are several methods to screen FMD virus (FMDV) structural protein (SP) antibodies including SPCE (Solid-phase competitive ELISA), LPBE (Liquid-phase blocking ELISA), and VNT (Virus neutralization test). Among these, SPCE is widely used for serological monitoring since VNT—the gold standard method—has certain practical limitations, such as high costs in terms of time and labor. However, whether SPCE can ensure the vaccination status of individual animals and whole farms is unclear. In this study, SPCE, LPBE and VNT were compared with respect to correlation with each other and sensitivity at commercial pig farms. Results The positive results obtained by PrioCHECK SPCE differed from those obtained by LPBE and VNT. The sensitivity of SPCE relative to those of the other tests was fairly low. The raw data of SPCE were most highly correlated with those of VNT with XJ strain, while their positivity and negativity were most highly correlated with LPBE. The results of ROC analysis proposed new cut-off for PrioCHECK SPCE higher than the previous 50% inhibition. Conclusions The high false positive rate of PrioCHECK SPCE suggested that high seropositivity by SPCE may not guarantee a true vaccination coverage. Adjusting the cut-off percentage (%) inhibition value for SPCE is needed to address this problem, and it is highly recommended that routine FMDV serological monitoring programs using PrioCHECK SPCE should be combined with alternative methods such as LPBE or VNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Lim Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Jeong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Yeon Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Jinyu Baoling Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hohhot, 010030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Jinyu Baoling Bio-pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hohhot, 010030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ho-Jong Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hyun Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Joo Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Bok Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Veterinary Epidemiology Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Yong Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Kim AY, Tark D, Kim H, Kim JS, Lee JM, Kwon M, Bae S, Kim B, Ko YJ. Determination of optimal age for single vaccination of growing pigs with foot-and-mouth disease bivalent vaccine in South Korea. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1822-1825. [PMID: 28943596 PMCID: PMC5709559 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In South Korea, pigs were vaccinated once between 8 and 12 weeks of age because of the injection-site granulomas. Therefore this study was performed to determine the optimal age for single vaccination of growing pigs with the
currently used type O FMD vaccine. With 498 pigs divided into four groups, seroprevalence of the antibody was analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although double vaccination is necessary to completely protect growing
pigs from FMD virus infection with the current vaccine, the age of 8 weeks can be considered as the optimal age for piglet vaccination if the booster injection is unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Young Kim
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongseob Tark
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kwon
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Bae
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Byounghan Kim
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeonsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
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9
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Çokçalışkan C, Türkoğlu T, Uzunlu E, Sareyyüpoğlu B, Hancı İ, İpek A, Arslan A, Babak A, İldeniz G, Gülyaz V. Influence of vaccine potency and booster administration of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines on the antibody response in calves with maternal antibodies. J Vet Sci 2017; 18:315-322. [PMID: 28859271 PMCID: PMC5583419 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.s1.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease is one of the most important viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals. Mass vaccination is an effective method to control the disease and is frequently utilized in endemic regions. Sufficient protection of young animals is important in mass vaccination campaigns. Maternal antibodies negatively affect the success of vaccination. Hence, determination of the optimal vaccination age is crucial for the uninterrupted protection of young animals. This study was performed to identify the effect of vaccine potency and booster administration on serum neutralizing antibody titers of calves with different levels of maternal antibodies. Calves (n = 111) on a state farm were used in this study. Oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccines with 3 PD50 and 6 PD50 potencies were used with or without booster administration. Serum samples were collected each month up to day 120 postvaccination. Virus neutralization tests were used to measure the serum neutralizing antibody titers and estimate the protection period by using pre-determined cut-off values for protection. The results revealed that a vaccination with a 6 PD50 potency vaccine, preferably followed by a booster dose, should be used to overcome maternal immunity for incessant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Çokçalışkan
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Tunçer Türkoğlu
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Ergün Uzunlu
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | | | - İbrahim Hancı
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Ahmet İpek
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Arslan
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Ayca Babak
- Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development, Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Gülnur İldeniz
- Directorate-General for State Farms, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Ankara 06044, Turkey
| | - Veli Gülyaz
- Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara 06044, Turkey
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10
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Lee JH, Kang IJ, Kim AR, Noh YS, Chung HC, Park BK. Increased humoral antibody response of foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine in growing pigs pre-treated with poly-γ-glutamic acid. J Vet Sci 2017; 17:253-6. [PMID: 26645341 PMCID: PMC4921674 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2016.17.2.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine if humoral antibody response of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine improved in 8-week-old growing pigs born to well-vaccinated sows pre-treated with 60 mg of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) three days before vaccination. Antibody against FMD virus serotype O was measured 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-vaccination, using a PrioCHECK FMDV type O ELISA kit. The results showed that positive antibody reactions against FMDV serotype O antigen among a component of the vaccine significantly increased in response to pre-injection with γ-PGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Hoon Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ik-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - A-Reum Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - You-Sun Noh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hee-Chun Chung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Bong-Kyun Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Koreaiversity, Seoul 08826, Korea
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11
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Robinson L, Knight-Jones TJD, Charleston B, Rodriguez LL, Gay CG, Sumption KJ, Vosloo W. Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Update and Gap Analysis: 3 - Vaccines. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 63 Suppl 1:30-41. [PMID: 27320164 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed research knowledge gaps in the field of FMDV (foot-and-mouth disease virus) vaccines. The study took the form of a literature review (2011-15) combined with research updates collected in 2014 from 33 institutes from across the world. Findings were used to identify priority areas for future FMD vaccine research. Vaccines play a vital role in FMD control, used both to limit the spread of the virus during epidemics in FMD-free countries and as the mainstay of disease management in endemic regions, particularly where sanitary controls are difficult to apply. Improvements in the performance or cost-effectiveness of FMD vaccines will allow more widespread and efficient disease control. FMD vaccines have changed little in recent decades, typically produced by inactivation of whole virus, the quantity and stability of the intact viral capsids in the final preparation being key for immunogenicity. However, these are exciting times and several promising novel FMD vaccine candidates have recently been developed. This includes the first FMD vaccine licensed for manufacture and use in the USA; this adenovirus-vectored FMD vaccine causes in vivo expression of viral capsids in vaccinated animals. Another promising vaccine candidate comprises stabilized empty FMDV capsids produced in vitro in a baculovirus expression system. Recombinant technologies are also being developed to improve otherwise conventionally produced inactivated vaccines, for example, by creating a chimeric vaccine virus to increase capsid stability and by inserting sequences into the vaccine virus for desired antigen expression. Other important areas of ongoing research include enhanced adjuvants, vaccine quality control procedures and predicting vaccine protection from immune correlates, thus reducing dependency on animal challenge studies. Globally, the degree of independent vaccine evaluation is highly variable, and this is essential for vaccine quality. Previously neglected, the importance of evaluating vaccination programme effectiveness and impact is increasingly being recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - L L Rodriguez
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY, USA
| | - C G Gay
- Agricultural Research Service, USDA, National Program 103-Animal Health, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - K J Sumption
- European Commission for the Control of FMD (EuFMD), FAO, Rome, Italy
| | - W Vosloo
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO-Biosecurity Flagship, Geelong, Vic., Australia
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12
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Park JH, Tark D, Lee KN, Lee SY, Ko MK, Lee HS, Kim SM, Ko YJ, Seo MG, Chun JE, Lee MH, Kim B. Novel foot-and-mouth disease virus in Korea, July-August 2014. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2016; 5:83-7. [PMID: 26866028 PMCID: PMC4742604 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2016.5.1.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite nation-wide immunization with O, A, and Asia 1 type vaccines in Republic of Korea, foot-and-mouth disease type O occurred again in July 2014 after three years and three months. This virus was a Mya-98 strain of the Southeast Asian topotype and was most similar to the identified type that circulated in East Asia in 2014. This was new virus with the deletion of 23 amino acids in 3A/3B1 region and low pathogenic property.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seo-Yong Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | - Su-Mi Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | | | - Min-Goo Seo
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Chun
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Korea
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13
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Patil PK, Sajjanar CM, Natarajan C, Bayry J. Neutralizing antibody responses to foot-and-mouth disease quadrivalent (type O, A, C and Asia 1) vaccines in growing calves with pre-existing maternal antibodies. Vet Microbiol 2014; 169:233-5. [PMID: 24508311 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The presence of maternal antibodies is a major obstacle for eliciting protective immune responses to foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines in young, growing animals. In this report, we analyzed the ability of inactivated quadrivalent oil emulsified and aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted FMD vaccines to elicit neutralizing antibody responses in growing calves that had maternal antibodies. Our results demonstrate that oil emulsified vaccines but not aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted FMD vaccines could surmount maternal antibodies to elicit strong and significant levels of neutralizing antibody responses in growing claves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna K Patil
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, India.
| | | | | | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1138, Paris F-75006, France.
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14
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Multiple introductions of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses into East Asia in 2010-2011. Vet Res 2013; 44:76. [PMID: 24007643 PMCID: PMC3848691 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-44-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious and genetically variable virus. Sporadic introductions of this virus into FMD-free countries may cause outbreaks with devastating consequences. In 2010 and 2011, incursions of the FMDV O/SEA/Mya-98 strain, normally restricted to countries in mainland Southeast Asia, caused extensive outbreaks across East Asia. In this study, 12 full genome FMDV sequences for representative samples collected from the People's Republic of China (PR China) including the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), the Republic of Korea, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Japan, Mongolia and The Russian Federation were generated and compared with additional contemporary sequences from viruses within this lineage. These complete genomes were 8119 to 8193 nucleotides in length and differed at 1181 sites, sharing a nucleotide identity ≥ 91.0% and an amino acid identity ≥ 96.6%. An unexpected deletion of 70 nucleotides within the 5'-untranslated region which resulted in a shorter predicted RNA stem-loop for the S-fragment was revealed in two sequences from PR China and Hong Kong SAR and five additional related samples from the region. Statistical parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis provide evidence that these outbreaks in East Asia were generated by two independent introductions of the O/SEA/Mya-98 lineage sometime between August 2008 and March 2010. The rapid emergence of these viruses from Southeast Asia highlights the importance of adopting approaches to closely monitor the spread of this lineage that now poses a threat to livestock industries in other regions.
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