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Niu Y, Yang X, Liang H, Luo X, Ma B, Lin Q, Fu X, Li N. scTRIM44 Positively Regulated Siniperca Chuatsi Rhabdovirus Through RIG-I- and MDA5-Mediated Interferon Signaling. Viruses 2024; 16:1876. [PMID: 39772186 PMCID: PMC11680124 DOI: 10.3390/v16121876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Revised: 11/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Tripartite Motif-Containing 44 (TRIM44) is responsible for cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. However, the role of Siniperca chuatsi TRIM44 (scTRIM44) during viral infection remains unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the molecular characteristics of scTRIM44 and its role in infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), largemouth bass virus (LMBV), and Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) infection. ScTRIM44 contained one B-box domain (B, 166-207 aa) and a coiled-coil domain (CC, 279-309 aa), but lacked the canonical RING domain of E3 ubiquitin ligases. The scTRIM44 mRNA was expressed relatively high in immune-related tissues. The mRNA expression of scTRIM44 significantly decreased in vivo and vitro post-ISKNV and -LMBV infection. However, the expression of scTRIM44 mRNA showed significant up-regulation post-SCRV infection. ScTRIM44 positively regulated SCRV infection in CPB cells, but copies of ISKNV and LMBV showed no significant alteration in over-expressed or knocked-down scTRIM44 cells. Moreover, scTRIM44 positively regulated RIG-I- and MDA5-mediated interferon molecule signaling. These data suggested that scTRIM44 promoted SCRV infection by positively regulating RIG-I- and MDA5-mediated interferon molecule signaling, but didn't regulate ISKNV and LMBV infection. This research provided a comprehensive insight into the antiviral activity of scTRIM44.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ningqiu Li
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.N.); (X.Y.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (B.M.); (Q.L.); (X.F.)
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Wang P, Sun Y, Xu T. USP13 Cooperates with MARCH8 to Inhibit Antiviral Signaling by Targeting MAVS for Autophagic Degradation in Teleost. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:801-812. [PMID: 38214605 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), as a central adapter protein in retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptor signaling, is indispensable for innate antiviral immunity. Yet, the molecular mechanisms modulating the stability of MAVS are not fully understood in low vertebrates. In this study, we report that the deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13) acts as a negative regulator of antiviral immunity by targeting MAVS for selective autophagic degradation in teleost fish. USP13 is induced by RNA virus or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid stimulation and acts as a negative regulator to potentiate viral replication in fish cells. Mechanistically, USP13 functions as a scaffold to enhance the interaction between MAVS and the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH8, thus promoting MARCH8 to catalyze MAVS through K27-linked polyubiquitination for selective autophagic degradation. Taken together, to our knowledge, our study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which viruses evade host antiviral immunity via USP13 in fish and provides a new idea for mammalian innate antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuena Sun
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai, China
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Meng XY, Jiang QQ, Yu XD, Zhang QY, Ke F. Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) inhibits Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) infection through two distinct mechanisms. J Virol 2023; 97:e0122623. [PMID: 37861337 PMCID: PMC10688370 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01226-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although a virus can regulate many cellular responses to facilitate its replication by interacting with host proteins, the host can also restrict virus infection through these interactions. In the present study, we showed that the host eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A), an essential protein in the translation machinery, interacted with two proteins of a fish rhabdovirus, Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV), and inhibited virus infection via two different mechanisms: (i) inhibiting the formation of crucial viral protein complexes required for virus transcription and replication and (ii) promoting the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of viral protein. We also revealed the functional regions of eEF1A that are involved in the two processes. Such a host protein inhibiting a rhabdovirus infection in two ways is rarely reported. These findings provided new information for the interactions between host and fish rhabdovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yu Meng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Qi Jiang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Dong Yu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ke
- Institute of Hydrobiology, College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Zhang X, Xu Z, Huang Z, Zhong J, Zhu Y, Wei Y. Recovery of Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus from cloned cDNA. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:127-135. [PMID: 36321410 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) is an important pathogen that infects mandarin fish. A reverse genetics system is an important technical platform for virus research. In this study, the minigenome in which the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene is flanked by the viral genomic ends of SCRV and transcribed using a T7 promoter-terminator cassette was constructed. Co-transfection of the minigenome construct with SCRV-supporting plasmids of N, P, and L in BSRT7 cells resulted in the expression of the reporter gene. Transcription of a positive-strand RNA copy from cDNA of the SCRV genome along with the viral N, P, and L proteins resulted in the recovery of infectious SCRV in cells. Viral titre up to 108 PFU/ml was achieved. Recombinant SCRV was verified by the detection of a unique restriction site engineered into the SCRV genome. The phenotypes of the recombinant SCRV and the parental virus were evaluated by plaque size, replication kinetics in vitro, and pathogenicity in vivo. The recovered SCRV from cDNA showed similar phenotypes compared to the parental virus. The established reverse genetics system is of great significance and value for the functional genome study of SCRV and for laying a foundation for the development of the viral vector and SCRV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhendong Xu
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhiyang Huang
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Junyao Zhong
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yinzhi Zhu
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yongwei Wei
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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Siniperca chuatsi Rhabdovirus (SCRV)-Induced Key Pathways and Major Antiviral Genes in Fish Cells. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122464. [PMID: 36557717 PMCID: PMC9788611 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish rhabdoviruses, including Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV), are epidemic pathogens that harm fish aquaculture. To clarify the interactions between SCRV and its host and explore antiviral targets, the present study performed transcriptome analysis in a cultured S. chuatsi skin cell line (SCSC) after SCRV infection at 3, 12, 24, and 36 h post-infection (hpi). Comparison with control obtained 38, 353, 896, and 1452 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the detected time points, respectively. Further analysis of the Go terms and KEGG pathways revealed the key pathways "Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" and "interferon related pathways" in SCSC cells responding to SCRV infection. The significantly up-regulated genes in the pathways were also verified by qPCR. Furthermore, gene cloning and overexpression revealed that five interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) IFI4407, IFI35, Viperin, IFIT1, and IFIT5 had the ability to inhibit SCRV replication in FHM (Fathead minnow) cells, especially an inhibition efficiency more than 50% was observed in IFI35 overexpressed cells. In summary, current study revealed the main innate immune pathways in S. chuatsi cells induced by SCRV infection and the major ISGs of S. chuatsi in controlling SCRV replication.
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Meng XY, Wang ZH, Yu XD, Zhang QY, Ke F. Development and characterization of a skin cell line from Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) and its application in aquatic animal viruses. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1439-1449. [PMID: 35762824 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi), an important fish for the aquaculture industry of China, is often affected by viral diseases. A stable and sensitive cell line can play an important role in virus identification and isolation, functional gene identification, virus pathogenic mechanism and antiviral immunity study. In the present study, a new cell line (S. chuatsi skin cell, SCSC) derived from the skin of S. chuatsi was established. The SCSC mainly consisted of fibroblastic-like cells, which grew well in M199 medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum at 25°C. Chromosome analysis revealed that the SCSC (44%) has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 48. The SCSC can be transfected and expressed exogenous gene efficiently. It also showed high sensitivity to several aquatic animal viruses from different families including Rhabdoviridae, Iridoviridae and Reoviridae. In addition, RT-PCR showed that S. chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) started genome replication as early as 3 h post infection in the cells, which also induced the up-regulation of a variety of immune-related genes including these related to interleukin family, pattern recognition receptors, JAK-STAT pathway and interferon regulatory factors. In summary, current study provided a new tool in research of fish viruses and its interaction with host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yu Meng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Hao Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Modern Agriculture Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Dong Yu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ke
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Walker PJ, Bigarré L, Kurath G, Dacheux L, Pallandre L. Revised Taxonomy of Rhabdoviruses Infecting Fish and Marine Mammals. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111363. [PMID: 35681827 PMCID: PMC9179924 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Rhabdoviridae is a family of viruses that includes some important pathogens of fish and marine mammals. Aspects of the taxonomic classification of fish viruses assigned to this family have recently been reviewed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). This paper describes the newly approved taxonomy, including the assignment of new subfamilies and new virus species. The paper also considers a taxonomic conundrum presented by viruses assigned to one group of fish rhabdoviruses (genus Novirhabdovirus) for which assignment to the family Rhabdoviridae may not be appropriate. Abstract The Rhabdoviridae is a large family of negative-sense (-) RNA viruses that includes important pathogens of ray-finned fish and marine mammals. As for all viruses, the taxonomic assignment of rhabdoviruses occurs through a process implemented by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). A recent revision of taxonomy conducted in conjunction with the ICTV Rhabdoviridae Study Group has resulted in the establishment of three new subfamilies (Alpharhabdovirinae, Betarhabdovirinae, and Gammarhabdovirinae) within the Rhabdoviridae, as well as three new genera (Cetarhavirus, Siniperhavirus, and Scophrhavirus) and seven new species for viruses infecting fish or marine mammals. All rhabdovirus species have also now been named or renamed to comply with the binomial format adopted by the ICTV in 2021, comprising the genus name followed by a species epithet. Phylogenetic analyses of L protein (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) sequences of (-) RNA viruses indicate that members of the genus Novirhabdovirus (subfamily Gammarhabdovirinae) do not cluster within the Rhabdoviridae, suggesting the need for a review of their current classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Walker
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Laurent Bigarré
- Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Technopole Brest Iroise, ANSES, 29280 Plouzané, France; (L.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Gael Kurath
- Western Fisheries Research Center, US Geological Survey, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, WA 98115, USA;
| | - Laurent Dacheux
- Unit Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology, Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Docteur Roux, CEDEX 15, 75724 Paris, France;
| | - Laurane Pallandre
- Laboratory of Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Technopole Brest Iroise, ANSES, 29280 Plouzané, France; (L.B.); (L.P.)
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Liu W, Fan Y, Zhou Y, Jiang N, Li Y, Meng Y, Xue M, Li Z, Zeng L. Susceptibility of a cell line derived from the kidney of Chinese rice-field eel, Monopterus albus to the infection of rhabdovirus, CrERV. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:361-371. [PMID: 34843633 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chinese rice-field eels rhabdovirus (CrERV), belonging to the genus Perhabdovirus in the family Rhabdoviridae, is the causative agent of the haemorrhagic disease of Chinese rice-field eels, Monopterus albus. The present study aims to establish a cell line derived from the kidney of Chinese rice-field eel (CrEK) for the further study of the pathogenic virus. CrEK cells were epithelioid-like and grew well in M199 medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum at 28°C, and the cell line has been subcultured for more than 80 times. Karyotyping analysis of CrEK cells at 25th passage indicated a modal chromosome number of 24. Significant cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed in CrEK cells after infection with CrERV, and the virus titre reached 107.8 ± 0.45 TCID50 /mL. The transmission electron microscopy revealed that there were a large number of virus particles in the cytoplasm of cells. The virus infection in cells was also assayed by using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). In experimental infection, CrERV cultured by cells could cause over 90% mortality in fish. CrEK represents the first kidney cell line originated from Chinese rice-field eels and be a potential material for investigating the mechanism of virus infection in this fish and the control methods for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqun Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Liu X, Qin Z, Babu V S, Zhao L, Li J, Zhang X, Lin L. Transcriptomic profiles of striped snakehead cells (SSN-1) infected with snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV) identifying IFI35 as a positive factor for SHVV replication. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:46-52. [PMID: 30447429 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV) has caused great economic loss in snakehead fish culture in China. However, there is no effective strategy to prevent the epidemic of the virus. Understanding the host factors in response to virus infection is the basis for the prevention of viral disease. In this study, the transcriptomic profiles of SHVV-infected and mock-infected SSN-1 cells (derived from striped snakehead, Channa striatus) at 3 and 24 h (h) post of infection (poi) were obtained using high-throughput sequencing technique. A total of 93,372 unigenes were obtained. The differently expressed genes (DEGs) of SSN-1 cells upon SHVV infection were thereby identified, including 3668 and 3536 DEGs at 3 and 24 h poi, respectively. These DEGs were involved in many pathways of viral pathogenesis, including retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, several immune-related DEGs were randomly selected and confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In addition, the effects of the interferon inducible protein 35 (IFI35) on SHVV replication were further investigated. Over-expression or inhibition of IFI35 significantly promoted or reduced SHVV replication at the level of viral gene expression, which indicated that IFI35 might be a positive factor for SHVV replication in SSN-1 cells. Our findings presented some valuable information, which will benefit for future study on SHVV-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhendong Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Sarath Babu V
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI, 49783, USA; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Zhao Y, Lin Q, Li N, Babu VS, Fu X, Liu L, Liang H, Liu X, Lin L. MicroRNAs profiles of Chinese Perch Brain (CPB) cells infected with Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:1075-1082. [PMID: 30423456 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs, which widely participate in biological processes. In recent years, Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) has caused mass mortality in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). To identify specific miRNAs involved in SCRV infection, deep sequencing of microRNA on Chinese perch brain cell line (CPB) with or without SCRV infection were performed at 6 and 12 h post of infection (hpi). Totally 382 miRNAs were identified, including 217 known miRNA aligned with zebrafish miRNAs and 165 novel miRNAs by MiRDeep2 program. Of which 15 and 35 differentially-expressed miRNAs were determined respectively to 6 and 12 hpi. Nine miRNAs were selected randomly from the differentially-expressed miRNAs and validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These results were consistent with the microRNA sequencing results. Besides, target genes of 98 differentially-expressed miRNAs were predicted. Three of miRNAs (miR-122, miR-214, miR-135a) were selected, and its effects were analyzed in CPC cells transfected with appropriate miRNA mimics/inhibitors to evaluate its regulation effects by qRT-PCR and western blot. The results demonstrated that miR-214 inhibited the replication of SCRV, while miR-122 promoted the replication of SCRV and there was no correlation between the miR-135a and SCRV replication. These results will pave a new way for the development of effective strategies against the SCRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Zhao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China.
| | - Ningqiu Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - V Sarath Babu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Xiaozhe Fu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Hongru Liang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China.
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11
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Liu W, Fan Y, Li Z, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Jiang N, Zeng J, Cain K, Zeng L. Isolation, identification, and classification of a novel rhabdovirus from diseased Chinese rice-field eels (Monopterus albus). Arch Virol 2018; 164:105-116. [PMID: 30284632 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In 2017, a clinical disease outbreak resulted in substantial mortality of adults and larvae of cultured Chinese rice-field eels (Monopterus albus) on a farm in Hubei, Central China. A rhabdovirus was isolated from moribund specimens, and typical clinical symptoms associated with an outbreak included an enlarged and swollen head. This differed from previous observations. Histological changes included necrosis and cavities of various sizes within the brain and kidney. Homogenized tissues of diseased Chinese rice-field eels were screened for viral isolation using six different fish cell lines. A rhabdovirus was isolated following observation of cytopathic effect (CPE) in a gibel carp brain (GiCB) cell line and confirmed by RT-PCR. Electron microscopy showed large numbers of rhabdovirus-shaped particles in the cytoplasm of the brain cells of the diseased Chinese rice-field eels and in the infected GiCB cell line. This virus has been named "Chinese rice-field eel rhabdovirus" (CrERV), and the complete nucleotide sequence of CrERV was cloned. This rhabdovirus is composed of 11,545 nucleotides with the following genomic organization: 3'-N-P-M-G-L-5'. The genes are separated by conserved gene junctions, and phylogenetic analysis of the L sequence revealed that CrERV forms a separate branch with Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) and hybrid snakehead rhabdovirus C1207 (HSHRV-C1207). This is the first report of the complete sequence of CrERV from the Chinese rice-field eel in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Jianqing Zhao
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kenneth Cain
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences and the Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83843-1136, USA
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
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12
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Xu T, Chu Q, Cui J. Rhabdovirus-Inducible MicroRNA-210 Modulates Antiviral Innate Immune Response via Targeting STING/MITA in Fish. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:982-994. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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13
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Økland AL, Skoge RH, Nylund A. The complete genome sequence of CrRV-Ch01, a new member of the family Rhabdoviridae in the parasitic copepod Caligus rogercresseyi present on farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Chile. Arch Virol 2018; 163:1657-1661. [PMID: 29445987 PMCID: PMC5958147 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We have determined the complete genome sequence of a new rhabdovirus, tentatively named Caligus rogercresseyi rhabdovirus Ch01 (CrRV-Ch01), which was found in the parasite Caligus rogercresseyi, present on farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Chile. The genome encodes the five canonical rhabdovirus proteins in addition to an unknown protein, in the order N-P-M-U (unknown)-G-L. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus clusters with two rhabdoviruses (Lepeophtheirus salmonis rhabdovirus No9 and Lepeophtheirus salmonis rhabdovirus No127) obtained from another parasitic caligid, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, present on farmed Atlantic salmon on the west coast of Norway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Are Nylund
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
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14
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Inducible MicroRNA-3570 Feedback Inhibits the RIG-I-Dependent Innate Immune Response to Rhabdovirus in Teleost Fish by Targeting MAVS/IPS-1. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01594-17. [PMID: 29093090 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01594-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Effectively recognizing invading viruses and subsequently inducing innate antiviral immunity are essential for host antiviral defense. Although these processes are closely regulated by the host to maintain immune balance, viruses have evolved the ability to downregulate or upregulate these processes for their survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small noncoding RNAs that play vital roles in modulating host immune response. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that host miRNAs as mediators are involved in regulating viral replication and host antiviral immunity in mammals. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms in fish species are still poorly understood. Here, we found that rhabdovirus infection significantly upregulated host miR-3570 expression in miiuy croaker macrophages. Induced miR-3570 negatively modulated RNA virus-triggered type I interferon (IFN) and antiviral gene production, thus facilitating viral replication. Furthermore, miR-3570 was found to target and posttranscriptionally downregulate mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), which functions as a platform for innate antiviral signal transduction. Moreover, we demonstrated that miR-3570 suppressed the expression of MAVS, thereby inhibiting MAVS-mediated NF-κB and IRF3 signaling. The collective results demonstrated a novel regulation mechanism of MAVS-mediated immunity during RNA viral infection by miRNA.IMPORTANCE RNA viral infection could upregulate host miR-3570 expression in miiuy croaker macrophages. Induced miR-3570 negatively modulates RNA virus-triggered type I IFN and antiviral gene production, thus facilitating viral replication. Remarkably, miR-3570 could target and inhibit MAVS expression, which thus modulates MAVS-mediated NF-κB and IRF3 signaling. The collective results of this study suggest a novel regulation mechanism of MAVS-mediated immunity during RNA viral infection by miR-3570. Thus, a novel mechanism for virus evasion in fish is proposed.
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15
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Gui L, Chinchar VG, Zhang Q. Molecular basis of pathogenesis of emerging viruses infecting aquatic animals. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Sun L, Tu J, Yi L, Chen W, Zhao L, Huang Y, Liang R, Li J, Zhou M, Lin L. Pathogenicity of snakehead vesiculovirus in rice field eels (Monopterus albus). Microb Pathog 2017; 110:578-585. [PMID: 28782597 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV) has caused mass mortality to cultured snakehead fish in China, resulting in enormous economic losses in snakehead fish culture. In this report, the whole genome of SHVV was sequenced. Interestingly, it shared more than 94% nucleotide sequence identity with Monopterus albus rhabdovirus (MoARV), which has caused great economic loss to cultured rice field eel (Monopterus albus). Therefore, the concern of cross-species infection of these viruses prompted us to investigate the susceptibility of rice field eel to SHVV infection. The results showed that rice field eel was susceptible to SHVV in both intracoelomical injection and immersion routes. Severe hemorrhage was observed on the skin and visceral organs of SHVV-infected rice field eels. Histopathological examination showed vacuoles in the tissues of infected liver, kidney and heart. Viral RNA or protein was detected in the tissues of infected fish by reverse transcription polymerization chain reaction (RT-PCR), in situ hybridization (ISH), or immunohistochemistry assay (IHC). Investigation of the epidemic of vesiculovirus in rice field eel as well as other co-cultured fish is invaluable for the prevention of vesiculovirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindan Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jiagang Tu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lizhu Yi
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yunmao Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Rishen Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA
| | - Meng Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China.
| | - Li Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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17
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Fu X, Lin Q, Liang H, Liu L, Huang Z, Li N, Su J. The biological features and genetic diversity of novel fish rhabdovirus isolates in China. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2829-2834. [PMID: 28550433 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Rhabdoviridae is a diverse family of negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses which infects mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, insects and plants. Herein, we reported the isolation and characterization of 6 novel viruses from diseased fish collected from China including SCRV-QY, SCRV-SS, SCRV-GM, CmRV-FS, MsRV-SS, OmbRV-JM. The typical clinical symptom of diseased fish was hemorrhaging. Efficient propagation of these isolates in a Chinese perch brain cell line was determined by means of observation of cytopathic effect, RT-PCR and electron microscopy. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the complete G protein sequences revealed that these isolates were clustered into one monophyletic lineage belonging to the species Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongru Liang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningqiu Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianguo Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China.
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18
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Axén C, Hakhverdyan M, Boutrup TS, Blomkvist E, Ljunghager F, Alfjorden A, Hagström Å, Olesen NJ, Juremalm M, Leijon M, Valarcher JF. Emergence of a new rhabdovirus associated with mass mortalities in eelpout (Zoarces viviparous) in the Baltic Sea. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:219-229. [PMID: 27416895 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the first description of a new Rhabdoviridae tentatively named eelpout rhabdovirus (EpRV genus Perhabdovirus). This virus was associated with mass mortalities in eelpout (Zoarces viviparous, Linnaeus) along the Swedish Baltic Sea coast line in 2014. Diseased fish showed signs of central nervous system infection, and brain lesions were confirmed by histology. A cytopathogenic effect was observed in cell culture, but ELISAs for the epizootic piscine viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), infectious pancreas necrosis virus (IPNV), infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) were negative. Further investigations by chloroform inactivation, indirect fluorescence antibody test and electron microscopy indicated the presence of a rhabdovirus. By deep sequencing of original tissue suspension and infected cell culture supernatant, the full viral genome was assembled and we confirmed the presence of a rhabdovirus with 59.5% nucleotide similarity to the closest relative Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus. The full-genome sequence of this new virus, eelpout rhabdovirus (EpRV), has been deposited in GenBank under accession number KR612230. An RT-PCR based on the L-gene sequence confirmed the presence of EpRV in sick/dead eelpout, but the virus was not found in control fish. Additional investigations to characterize the pathogenicity of EpRV are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Axén
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - T S Boutrup
- EU reference laboratory for fish diseases, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - E Blomkvist
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F Ljunghager
- Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Alfjorden
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Å Hagström
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - N J Olesen
- EU reference laboratory for fish diseases, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Juremalm
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Leijon
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
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19
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Zhou GZ, Yi YJ, Chen ZY, Zhang QY. Specific Cleavage of the Nucleoprotein of Fish Rhabdovirus. Vet Pathol 2015; 52:1258-62. [PMID: 25689989 DOI: 10.1177/0300985815570068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) is one of myriad rhabdoviruses recorded in fish. Preliminary data show that inhibition of the SCRV nucleoprotein (N) could significantly reduce the progeny virus titers in infected Epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells. Here, the authors propose that cleavage of the viral 47-kDa N protein is caspase-mediated based on caspase inhibition experiments, transient expression in EPC transfection, and analysis of cleavage sites. Cleavage of the SCRV N protein in culture was prevented by a pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-FMK (z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone). Subsequently, N was transiently expressed in EPC cells, the results of which indicated that the specific cleavage of N also occurred in the cells transfected with N-GFP plasmid. Several truncated fragments of the N gene were constructed and transiently transfected into EPC cells. Immunoblotting results indicated that D324 and D374 are the cleavage sites of N by caspases. The authors also found that z-VAD-FMK could inhibit the cytopathic effect in SCRV-infected EPC cells but not affect the production of infectious progeny, suggesting that the caspase-mediated cleavage of N protein is not required for in vitro SCRV replication. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the cleavage of rhabdovirus proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-Z Zhou
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Y-J Yi
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Z-Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Q-Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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20
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Virus genomes and virus-host interactions in aquaculture animals. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2015; 58:156-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-015-4802-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Liu X, Wen Y, Hu X, Wang W, Liang X, Li J, Vakharia V, Lin L. Breaking the host range: mandarin fish is susceptible to a vesiculovirus derived from snakehead fish. J Gen Virol 2014; 96:775-781. [PMID: 25537376 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the genus Vesiculovirus, which belongs to the family Rhabdoviridae, can cause great economic loss in fish culture. In the present report, a vesiculovirus [named snakehead fish vesiculovirus (SHVV)] was isolated from diseased hybrid snakehead fish. SHVV shared 94 % nucleotide sequence identity at the genomic level with Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV), which infects mandarin fish (S. chuatsi). We showed that SHVV was able to replicate and proliferate well in SSN-1 cells, which originate from striped snakehead fish (Channa striatus). Furthermore, mandarin fish was susceptible to SHVV by bath exposure, as well as by intraperitoneal injection. The infected fish showed typical clinical signs of rhabdovirus infection, including haemorrhage and oedema. Histopathological analysis revealed that extensive inflammation and necrosis were observed in the spleen, kidney, liver, heart and brain of the moribund mandarin fish. These results will shed new light on the epidemic of vesiculovirus infections among fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.,Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yi Wen
- Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University - Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519085, PR China
| | - Xianqin Hu
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.,Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.,Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xufang Liang
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA
| | - Vikram Vakharia
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.,Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.,Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
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22
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Ou T, Lei XY, He LB, Zhou FJ, Zhang QY. Development of an Ussuri catfish Pseudobagrus ussuriensis skin cell line displaying differential cytopathic effects to three aquatic animal viruses. Virus Res 2014; 189:56-62. [PMID: 24794839 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An Ussuri catfish Pseudobagrus ussuriensis skin (UCS) cell line was developed and subcultured for more than 60 passages. UCS cells consisted of mostly epithelial-like cells and multiplied well in TC199 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at 25°C. Chromosome analysis revealed that most UCS cells had a normal diploid karyotype with 2n=52. UCS cells showed differential cytopathic effects (CPEs) after inoculation of spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV, a negative-strand RNA virus), grass carp reovirus (GCRV, a multi-segmented double-stranded RNA virus) and Rana grylio virus (RGV, a large double-stranded DNA virus), and were indicative of high sensitivities to these three aquatic animal viruses by a virus titration study. The CPE caused by SVCV appeared as rounded and granular cells, grape-like clusters and small lytic plaques. Characteristic CPE containing plaque-like syncytia was induced by GCRV. RGV-infected cells produced typical CPE characterized by cells shrinkage and aggregation, formation of clear plaques and cell sheet detachment. Furthermore, significant fluorescent signals were observed after UCS cells were transfected with green fluorescent protein reporter plasmids, and the development of CPE induced by a recombinant RGV, ΔTK-RGV, in UCS cells was illustrated using a combination of light and fluorescence microscopy. The data from this study suggested that UCS cell line can potentially serve as a useful tool for the comparison study of different aquatic animal viruses and the isolation of some newly emerging viruses in Ussuri catfish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li-Bo He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng-Jian Zhou
- Huaian Fisheries Scientific Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Huaian 223001, China
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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23
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Zeng W, Wang Q, Wang Y, Liu C, Liang H, Fang X, Wu S. Genomic characterization and taxonomic position of a rhabdovirus from a hybrid snakehead. Arch Virol 2014; 159:2469-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Ou T, Zhu RL, Chen ZY, Zhang QY. Isolation and identification of a lethal rhabdovirus from farmed rice field eels Monopterus albus. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2013; 106:197-206. [PMID: 24191997 DOI: 10.3354/dao02660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We provide the first description of a virus responsible for a systemic hemorrhagic disease causing high mortality in farmed rice field eels Monopterus albus in China. Typical signs exhibited by the diseased fish were extensive hemorrhages in the skin and viscera and some neurological signs, such as loss of equilibrium and disorganized swimming. Histopathological examination revealed various degrees of necrosis within the spleen and liver. Virus isolation was attempted from visceral tissues of diseased fish by inoculation on 6 fish cell lines. Typical cytopathic effects (CPE) were produced in bluegill fry (BF2) cells, so this cell line was chosen for further isolation and propagation of the virus. Electron microscopy observation showed that the negative stained viral particles had the characteristic bullet shape of rhabdoviruses and an estimated size of 60 × 120 nm. We therefore tentatively refer to this virus as Monopterus albus rhabdovirus (MoARV). Molecular characterization of MoARV, including sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), and glycoprotein (G) genes, revealed 94.5 to 97.3% amino acid similarity to that of Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequences of N and G proteins indicated that MoARV should be a member of the genus Vesiculovirus. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by infecting healthy rice field eels with MoARV, which produced an acute infection. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that MoARV RNA could be detected in both naturally and experimentally infected fish. The data suggest that MoARV was the causative pathogen of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Gadd T, Viljamaa-Dirks S, Holopainen R, Koski P, Jakava-Viljanen M. Characterization of perch rhabdovirus (PRV) in farmed grayling Thymallus thymallus. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2013; 106:117-127. [PMID: 24113245 DOI: 10.3354/dao02654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Two Finnish fish farms experienced elevated mortality rates in farmed grayling Thymallus thymallus fry during the summer months, most typically in July. The mortalities occurred during several years and were connected with a few neurological disorders and peritonitis. Virological investigation detected an infection with an unknown rhabdovirus. Based on the entire glycoprotein (G) and partial RNA polymerase (L) gene sequences, the virus was classified as a perch rhabdovirus (PRV). Pairwise comparisons of the G and L gene regions of grayling isolates revealed that all isolates were very closely related, with 99 to 100% nucleotide identity, which suggests the same origin of infection. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that they were closely related to the strain isolated from perch Perca fluviatilis and sea trout Salmo trutta trutta caught from the Baltic Sea. The entire G gene sequences revealed that all Finnish grayling isolates, and both the perch and sea trout isolates, were most closely related to a PRV isolated in France in 2004. According to the partial L gene sequences, all of the Finnish grayling isolates were most closely related to the Danish isolate DK5533 from pike. The genetic analysis of entire G gene and partial L gene sequences showed that the Finnish brown trout isolate ka907_87 shared only approximately 67 and 78% identity, respectively, with our grayling isolates. The grayling isolates were also analysed by an immunofluorescence antibody test. This is the first report of a PRV causing disease in grayling in Finland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuija Gadd
- Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Mustialankatu 3, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
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Ghedin E, Rogers MB, Widen SG, Guzman H, Travassos da Rosa APA, Wood TG, Fitch A, Popov V, Holmes EC, Walker PJ, Vasilakis N, Tesh RB. Kolente virus, a rhabdovirus species isolated from ticks and bats in the Republic of Guinea. J Gen Virol 2013; 94:2609-2615. [PMID: 24062532 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.055939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kolente virus (KOLEV) is a rhabdovirus originally isolated from ticks and a bat in Guinea, West Africa, in 1985. Although tests at the time of isolation suggested that KOLEV is a novel rhabdovirus, it has remained largely uncharacterized. We assembled the complete genome sequence of the prototype strain DakAr K7292, which was found to encode the five canonical rhabdovirus structural proteins (N, P, M, G and L) with alternative ORFs (>180 nt) in the P and L genes. Serologically, KOLEV exhibited a weak antigenic relationship with Barur and Fukuoka viruses in the Kern Canyon group. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that KOLEV represents a distinct and divergent lineage that shows no clear relationship to any rhabdovirus except Oita virus, although with limited phylogenetic resolution. In summary, KOLEV represents a novel species in the family Rhabdoviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Ghedin
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matthew B Rogers
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven G Widen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hilda Guzman
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Amelia P A Travassos da Rosa
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas G Wood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Adam Fitch
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vsevolod Popov
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Edward C Holmes
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Sydney Emerging Infections & Biosecurity Institute, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Peter J Walker
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Robert B Tesh
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Naturally occurring viral infections have the potential to introduce confounding variability that leads to invalid and misinterpreted data. Whereas the viral diseases of research rodents are well characterized and closely monitored, no naturally occurring viral infections have been characterized for the laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio), an increasingly important biomedical research model. Despite the ignorance about naturally occurring zebrafish viruses, zebrafish models are rapidly expanding in areas of biomedical research where the confounding effects of unknown infectious agents present a serious concern. In addition, many zebrafish research colonies remain linked to the ornamental (pet) zebrafish trade, which can contribute to the introduction of new pathogens into research colonies, whereas mice used for research are purpose bred, with no introduction of new mice from the pet industry. Identification, characterization, and monitoring of naturally occurring viruses in zebrafish are crucial to the improvement of zebrafish health, the reduction of unwanted variability, and the continued development of the zebrafish as a model organism. This article addresses the importance of identifying and characterizing the viral diseases of zebrafish as the scope of zebrafish models expands into new research areas and also briefly addresses zebrafish susceptibility to experimental viral infection and the utility of the zebrafish as an infection and immunology model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus J Crim
- Comparative Medicine Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
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28
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Stone DM, Kerr RC, Hughes M, Radford AD, Darby AC. Characterisation of the genomes of four putative vesiculoviruses: tench rhabdovirus, grass carp rhabdovirus, perch rhabdovirus and eel rhabdovirus European X. Arch Virol 2013; 158:2371-7. [PMID: 23719670 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The complete coding sequences were determined for four putative vesiculoviruses isolated from fish. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on the predicted amino acid sequences of the five main proteins assigned tench rhabdovirus and grass carp rhabdovirus together with spring viraemia of carp and pike fry rhabdovirus to a lineage that was distinct from the mammalian vesiculoviruses. Perch rhabdovirus, eel virus European X, lake trout rhabdovirus 903/87 and sea trout virus were placed in a second lineage that was also distinct from the recognised genera in the family Rhabdoviridae. Establishment of two new rhabdovirus genera, "Perhabdovirus" and "Sprivivirus", is discussed.
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29
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Galinier R, van Beurden S, Amilhat E, Castric J, Schoehn G, Verneau O, Fazio G, Allienne JF, Engelsma M, Sasal P, Faliex E. Complete genomic sequence and taxonomic position of eel virus European X (EVEX), a rhabdovirus of European eel. Virus Res 2012; 166:1-12. [PMID: 22401847 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Eel virus European X (EVEX) was first isolated from diseased European eel Anguilla anguilla in Japan at the end of seventies. The virus was tentatively classified into the Rhabdoviridae family on the basis of morphology and serological cross reactivity. This family of viruses is organized into six genera and currently comprises approximately 200 members, many of which are still unassigned because of the lack of molecular data. This work presents the morphological, biochemical and genetic characterizations of EVEX, and proposes a taxonomic classification for this virus. We provide its complete genome sequence, plus a comprehensive sequence comparison between isolates from different geographical origins. The genome encodes the five classical structural proteins plus an overlapping open reading frame in the phosphoprotein gene, coding for a putative C protein. Phylogenic relationship with other rhabdoviruses indicates that EVEX is most closely related to the Vesiculovirus genus and shares the highest identity with trout rhabdovirus 903/87.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Galinier
- CNRS, Ecologie et Evolution des Interactions, UMR 5244, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
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30
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The antiviral defense mechanisms in mandarin fish induced by DNA vaccination against a rhabdovirus. Vet Microbiol 2011; 157:264-75. [PMID: 22243898 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasmid DNAs containing Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) glycoprotein gene (pcDNA-G) and nucleoprotein gene (pcDNA-N) were constructed, and used to determine the antiviral immune response elicited by DNA vaccination in mandarin fish. In vitro and in vivo expression of the plasmid constructs was confirmed in transfected cells and muscle tissues of vaccinated fish by Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence or RT-PCR analysis. Fish injected with pcDNA-G exhibited protective effect against SCRV challenge with a relative percent survival (RPS) of 77.5%, but no significant protection (RPS of 2.5%) was observed in fish vaccinated with pcDNA-N. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that vaccination with pcDNA-G decreased histological lesions and suppressed the virus replication in fish target organs, e.g. kidney, liver, spleen, gill and heart. Transcriptional analysis further revealed that the expression levels of type I IFN system genes including interferon regulation factor-7 (IRF-7) gene, myxovirus resistance (Mx) gene and virus inhibitory protein (Viperin) gene were strongly up-regulated after injection with pcDNA-G, whereas the level of transcription of immunoglobulin M (IgM) gene did not show a statistically significant change. These results reveal that type I IFN antiviral immune response is rapidly triggered by the plasmid DNA containing rhabdovirus glycoprotein gene in fish, which offers an explanation of molecular mechanisms for DNA vaccination inducing mandarin fish resist to SCRV disease.
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31
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Talbi C, Cabon J, Baud M, Bourjaily M, de Boisséson C, Castric J, Bigarré L. Genetic diversity of perch rhabdoviruses isolates based on the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes. Arch Virol 2011; 156:2133-44. [PMID: 21927897 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-011-1103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increasing impact of rhabdoviruses in European percid farming, the diversity of the viral populations is still poorly investigated. To address this issue, we sequenced the partial nucleoprotein (N) and complete glycoprotein (G) genes of nine rhabdoviruses isolated from perch (Perca fluviatilis) between 1999 and 2010, mostly from France, and analyzed six of them by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Using two rabbit antisera raised against either the reference perch rhabdovirus (PRhV) isolated in 1980 or the perch isolate R6146, two serogroups were distinguished. Meanwhile, based on partial N and complete G gene analysis, perch rhabdoviruses were divided into four genogroups, A-B-D and E, with a maximum of 32.9% divergence (G gene) between isolates. A comparison of the G amino acid sequences of isolates from the two identified serogroups revealed several variable regions that might account for antigenic differences. Comparative analysis of perch isolates with other rhabdoviruses isolated from black bass, pike-perch and pike showed some strong phylogenetic relationships, suggesting cross-host transmission. Similarly, striking genetic similarities were shown between perch rhabdoviruses and isolates from other European countries and various ecological niches, most likely reflecting the circulation of viruses through fish trade as well as putative transfers from marine to freshwater fish. Phylogenetic relationships of the newly characterized viruses were also determined within the family Rhabdoviridae. The analysis revealed a genetic cluster containing only fish viruses, including all rhabdoviruses from perch, as well as siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) and eel virus X (EVEX). This cluster was distinct from the one represented by spring viraemia of carp vesiculovirus (SVCV), pike fry rhabdovirus (PFRV) and mammalian vesiculoviruses. The new genetic data provided in the present study shed light on the diversity of rhabdoviruses infecting perch in France and support the hypothesis of circulation of these viruses between other hosts and regions within Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiraz Talbi
- Unité de Pathologie Virale des Poissons, ANSES, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France.
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32
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Walker PJ, Dietzgen RG, Joubert DA, Blasdell KR. Rhabdovirus accessory genes. Virus Res 2011; 162:110-25. [PMID: 21933691 PMCID: PMC7114375 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Rhabdoviridae is one of the most ecologically diverse families of RNA viruses with members infecting a wide range of organisms including placental mammals, marsupials, birds, reptiles, fish, insects and plants. The availability of complete nucleotide sequences for an increasing number of rhabdoviruses has revealed that their ecological diversity is reflected in the diversity and complexity of their genomes. The five canonical rhabdovirus structural protein genes (N, P, M, G and L) that are shared by all rhabdoviruses are overprinted, overlapped and interspersed with a multitude of novel and diverse accessory genes. Although not essential for replication in cell culture, several of these genes have been shown to have roles associated with pathogenesis and apoptosis in animals, and cell-to-cell movement in plants. Others appear to be secreted or have the characteristics of membrane-anchored glycoproteins or viroporins. However, most encode proteins of unknown function that are unrelated to any other known proteins. Understanding the roles of these accessory genes and the strategies by which rhabdoviruses use them to engage, divert and re-direct cellular processes will not only present opportunities to develop new anti-viral therapies but may also reveal aspects of cellar function that have broader significance in biology, agriculture and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Walker
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
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33
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Quan PL, Williams DT, Johansen CA, Jain K, Petrosov A, Diviney SM, Tashmukhamedova A, Hutchison SK, Tesh RB, Mackenzie JS, Briese T, Lipkin WI. Genetic characterization of K13965, a strain of Oak Vale virus from Western Australia. Virus Res 2011; 160:206-13. [PMID: 21740935 PMCID: PMC3174045 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
K13965, an uncharacterized virus, was isolated in 1993 from Anopheles annulipes mosquitoes collected in the Kimberley region of northern Western Australia. Here, we report its genomic sequence, identify it as a rhabdovirus, and characterize its phylogenetic relationships. The genome comprises a P' (C) and SH protein similar to the recently characterized Tupaia and Durham viruses, and shows overlap between G and L genes. Comparison of K13965 genome sequence to other rhabdoviruses identified K13965 as a strain of the unclassified Australian Oak Vale rhabdovirus, whose complete genome sequence we also determined. Phylogenetic analysis of N and L sequences indicated genetic relationship to a recently proposed Sandjima virus clade, although the Oak Vale virus sequences form a branch separate from the African members of that group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phenix-Lan Quan
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David T. Williams
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cheryl A. Johansen
- Discipline of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Komal Jain
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Petrosov
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sinead M. Diviney
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Robert B. Tesh
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - John S. Mackenzie
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Briese
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - W. Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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34
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Ke F, He LB, Pei C, Zhang QY. Turbot reovirus (SMReV) genome encoding a FAST protein with a non-AUG start site. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:323. [PMID: 21689389 PMCID: PMC3135578 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A virus was isolated from diseased turbot Scophthalmus maximus in China. Biophysical and biochemical assays, electron microscopy, and genome electrophoresis revealed that the virus belonged to the genus Aquareovirus, and was named Scophthalmus maximus reovirus (SMReV). To the best of our knowledge, no complete sequence of an aquareovirus from marine fish has been determined. Therefore, the complete characterization and analysis of the genome of this novel aquareovirus will facilitate further understanding of the taxonomic distribution of aquareovirus species and the molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis. Results The full-length genome sequences of SMReV were determined. It comprises eleven dsRNA segments covering 24,042 base pairs and has the largest S4 genome segment in the sequenced aquareoviruses. Sequence analysis showed that all of the segments contained six conserved nucleotides at the 5' end and five conserved nucleotides at the 3' end (5'-GUUUUA ---- UCAUC-3'). The encoded amino acid sequences share the highest sequence identities with the respective proteins of aquareoviruses in species group Aquareovirus A. Phylogenetic analysis based on the major outer capsid protein VP7 and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase were performed. Members in Aquareovirus were clustered in two groups, one from fresh water fish and the other from marine fish. Furthermore, a fusion associated small transmembrane (FAST) protein NS22, which is translated from a non-AUG start site, was identified in the S7 segment. Conclusions This study has provided the complete genome sequence of a novel isolated aquareovirus from marine fish. Amino acids comparison and phylogenetic analysis suggested that SMReV was a new aquareovirus in the species group Aquareovirus A. Phylogenetic analysis among aquareoviruses revealed that VP7 could be used as a reference to divide the aquareovirus from hosts in fresh water or marine. In addition, a FAST protein with a non-AUG start site was identified, which partially contributed to the cytopathic effect caused by the virus infection. These results provide new insights into the virus-host and virus-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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35
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Allison AB, Palacios G, Travassos da Rosa A, Popov VL, Lu L, Xiao SY, DeToy K, Briese T, Lipkin WI, Keel MK, Stallknecht DE, Bishop GR, Tesh RB. Characterization of Durham virus, a novel rhabdovirus that encodes both a C and SH protein. Virus Res 2011; 155:112-22. [PMID: 20863863 PMCID: PMC3010432 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The family Rhabdoviridae is a diverse group of non-segmented, negative-sense RNA viruses that are distributed worldwide and infect a wide range of hosts including vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants. Of the 114 currently recognized vertebrate rhabdoviruses, relatively few have been well characterized at both the antigenic and genetic level; hence, the phylogenetic relationships between many of the vertebrate rhabdoviruses remain unknown. The present report describes a novel rhabdovirus isolated from the brain of a moribund American coot (Fulica americana) that exhibited neurological signs when found in Durham County, North Carolina, in 2005. Antigenic characterization of the virus revealed that it was serologically unrelated to 68 other known vertebrate rhabdoviruses. Genomic sequencing of the virus indicated that it shared the highest identity to Tupaia rhabdovirus (TUPV), and as only previously observed in TUPV, the genome encoded a putative C protein in an overlapping open reading frame (ORF) of the phosphoprotein gene and a small hydrophobic (SH) protein located in a novel ORF between the matrix and glycoprotein genes. Phylogenetic analysis of partial amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein and polymerase protein indicated that, in addition to TUPV, the virus was most closely related to avian and small mammal rhabdoviruses from Africa and North America. In this report, we present the morphological, pathological, antigenic, and genetic characterization of the new virus, tentatively named Durham virus (DURV), and discuss its potential evolutionary relationship to other vertebrate rhabdoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Allison
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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36
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Zhu RL, Lei XY, Ke F, Yuan XP, Zhang QY. Genome of turbot rhabdovirus exhibits unusual non-coding regions and an additional ORF that could be expressed in fish cell. Virus Res 2010; 155:495-505. [PMID: 21185339 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Genomic sequence of Scophthalmus maximus rhabdovirus (SMRV) isolated from diseased turbot has been characterized. The complete genome of SMRV comprises 11,492 nucleotides and encodes five typical rhabdovirus genes N, P, M, G and L. In addition, two open reading frames (ORF) are predicted overlapping with P gene, one upstream of P and smaller than P (temporarily called Ps), and another in P gene which may encodes a protein similar to the vesicular stomatitis virus C protein. The C ORF is contained within the P ORF. The five typical proteins share the highest sequence identities (48.9%) with the corresponding proteins of rhabdoviruses in genus Vesiculovirus. Phylogenetic analysis of partial L protein sequence indicates that SMRV is close to genus Vesiculovirus. The first 13 nucleotides at the ends of the SMRV genome are absolutely inverse complementarity. The gene junctions between the five genes show conserved polyadenylation signal (CATGA(7)) and intergenic dinucleotide (CT) followed by putative transcription initiation sequence A(A/G)(C/G)A(A/G/T), which are different from known rhabdoviruses. The entire Ps ORF was cloned and expressed, and used to generate polyclonal antibody in mice. One obvious band could be detected in SMRV-infected carp leucocyte cells (CLCs) by anti-Ps/C serum via Western blot, and the subcellular localization of Ps-GFP fusion protein exhibited cytoplasm distribution as multiple punctuate or doughnut shaped foci of uneven size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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37
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Application of broad-spectrum resequencing microarray for genotyping rhabdoviruses. J Virol 2010; 84:9557-74. [PMID: 20610710 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00771-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and accurate identification of pathogens is critical in the control of infectious disease. To this end, we analyzed the capacity for viral detection and identification of a newly described high-density resequencing microarray (RMA), termed PathogenID, which was designed for multiple pathogen detection using database similarity searching. We focused on one of the largest and most diverse viral families described to date, the family Rhabdoviridae. We demonstrate that this approach has the potential to identify both known and related viruses for which precise sequence information is unavailable. In particular, we demonstrate that a strategy based on consensus sequence determination for analysis of RMA output data enabled successful detection of viruses exhibiting up to 26% nucleotide divergence with the closest sequence tiled on the array. Using clinical specimens obtained from rabid patients and animals, this method also shows a high species level concordance with standard reference assays, indicating that it is amenable for the development of diagnostic assays. Finally, 12 animal rhabdoviruses which were currently unclassified, unassigned, or assigned as tentative species within the family Rhabdoviridae were successfully detected. These new data allowed an unprecedented phylogenetic analysis of 106 rhabdoviruses and further suggest that the principles and methodology developed here may be used for the broad-spectrum surveillance and the broader-scale investigation of biodiversity in the viral world.
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Quan PL, Junglen S, Tashmukhamedova A, Conlan S, Hutchison SK, Kurth A, Ellerbrok H, Egholm M, Briese T, Leendertz FH, Lipkin WI. Moussa virus: a new member of the Rhabdoviridae family isolated from Culex decens mosquitoes in Côte d'Ivoire. Virus Res 2009; 147:17-24. [PMID: 19804801 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of arboviruses at the interface of pristine habitats and anthropogenic landscapes is crucial to comprehensive emergent disease surveillance and forecasting efforts. In context of a surveillance campaign in and around a West African rainforest, particles morphologically consistent with rhabdoviruses were identified in cell cultures infected with homogenates of trapped mosquitoes. RNA recovered from these cultures was used to derive the first complete genome sequence of a rhabdovirus isolated from Culex decens mosquitoes in Côte d'Ivoire, tentatively named Moussa virus (MOUV). MOUV shows the classical genome organization of rhabdoviruses, with five open reading frames (ORF) in a linear order. However, sequences show only limited conservation (12-33% identity at amino acid level), and ORF2 and ORF3 have no significant similarity to sequences deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis indicates a potential new species with distant relationship to Tupaia and Tibrogargan virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phenix-Lan Quan
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Chen HL, Liu H, Liu ZX, He JQ, Gao LY, Shi XJ, Jiang YL. Characterization of the complete genome sequence of pike fry rhabdovirus. Arch Virol 2009; 154:1489-94. [PMID: 19603256 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-009-0455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The complete genome sequence of pike fry rhabdovirus (PFRV), consisting of 11,097 nucleotides, was determined. The genome contains five genes, encoding the nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L) protein in the order 3'-N-P-M-G-L-5'. 3' leader- and 5' trailer-sequences in the PFRV genome show inverse complementarity. The PFRV proteins share the highest homology to the proteins of spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), ranging from 55.3 to 91.4%. Phylogenetic analysis of the five proteins showed that PFRV clusters with SVCV and is closely related to the mammalian vesiculoviruses, 903/87, STRV and SCRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lian Chen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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