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Castillejos Sepúlveda A, Metzger E, Littmann S, Taubner H, Chennu A, Gatti L, de Beer D, Klatt JM. Two-Dimensional Mapping of Arsenic Concentration and Speciation with Diffusive Equilibrium in Thin-Film Gels. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:8107-8117. [PMID: 37190938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a new approach combining diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels and spectrophotometric methods to determine the spatial distribution of arsenite, arsenate, and phosphate at submillimeter resolution. The method relies on the simultaneous deployment of three gel probes. Each retrieved gel is exposed to malachite green reagent gels differing in acidity and oxidant addition, leading to green coloration dependent on analyte speciation and concentration. Hyperspectral images of the gels enable mapping the three analytes in the 2.5-20 μM range. This method was applied in a contaminated brook in the Harz mountains, Germany, together with established mapping of dissolved iron. The use of two-dimensional (2D) gel probes was compared to traditional porewater extraction. The gels revealed banded porewater patterns on a mm-scale, which were undetectable using traditional methods. Small-scale correlation analyses of arsenic and iron microstructures in the gels suggested active iron-driven local redox cycling of arsenic. Overall, the results indicate continuous net release of arsenic from contaminant particles and deepen our understanding of arsenate transformation under anaerobic conditions. This study is the first fine-scale 2D characterization of arsenic speciation in porewater and represents a crucial step toward understanding the transfer and redox cycling of arsenic in contaminated sediment/soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edouard Metzger
- Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences, Université d'Angers, Nantes Université, Le Mans Université, CNRS UMR 6112, Angers 49045, France
| | - Sten Littmann
- Biogeochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Heidi Taubner
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Science and Faculty of Geosciences, Organic Geochemistry Group, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 8, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Arjun Chennu
- Data Science and Technology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstr. 6, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Lais Gatti
- Microsensor Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Dirk de Beer
- Microsensor Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Judith M Klatt
- Microsensor Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
- Microcosm Earth Center, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Marburg 35032, Germany
- Biogeochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
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2
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Ahmad M, Ahmad A, Omar TFT, Mohammad R. Current Trends of Analytical Techniques for Total Alkalinity Measurement in Water Samples: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37052389 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2199432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing acidity of seawater caused by increasing anthropogenic carbon dioxide absorbed into the seawater attracted the interest of researchers due to increased concern on the deterioration of marine systems and food supply to humans. Total alkalinity (TA) is one of the important parameters in determining carbonate chemistry and is described as the capacity of the sample to neutralize acids. Over the last two decades, many analytical techniques have been developed to determine TA. This article presents a review of different analytical techniques including titration, colorimetric, spectrophotometric, and potentiometric analyses in measuring TA. Among these analytical techniques, potentiometry analysis, which utilizes electrode systems such as glass electrode and ion-selective electrode used as indicator electrodes, is the most used technique. Important features such as principle, limitations, and challenges of the involved technique are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariani Ahmad
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Azrilawani Ahmad
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Tuan Fauzan Tuan Omar
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Rosmawani Mohammad
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Jeli Campus, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Ma M, Wang H, Xu J, Huang Y, Yuan D, Zhang X, Song Q. An In Situ Analyzer for Two-Dimensional Fe(II) Distribution in Sediment Pore Water Based on Ferrozine Coloration and Computer Imaging Densitometry. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:31551-31558. [PMID: 33344807 PMCID: PMC7745209 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel integrated analyzer was developed for the in situ determination of two-dimensional (2D) dissolved Fe(II) distributions in sediment pore water. The analyzer utilized gel enrichment and optical imaging techniques. An image probe mainly consisting of a gel holder and portable document scanner was designed to be inserted into sediment. The gel holder exposed to the sediment was made to hold a polyacrylamide gel strip (diffusive gel) and polyacrylamide gel strip impregnated with C18 and coated with ferrozine (concentrating gel). The concentrating gel strip could accumulate the dissolved Fe(II) in pore water and produce a magenta-colored Fe(II)-ferrozine compound on the gel strip in two dimensions. The portable document scanner sealed in a transparent box and stuck onto the back of the gel holder could record gel images from the back of the concentrating gel strip. Gel images with grayscale intensities were acquired and analyzed using ImageJ software, and Fe(II) concentration was determined based on a deployment time related calibration curve established in the laboratory. The measurement accuracy and precision were investigated. The quantitative range reached up to 200 μmol L-1. The method and analyzer exhibit distinct characteristics of in situ enrichment and measurement; they were successfully applied to determine the 2D Fe(II) distribution in lake and marine sediment pore waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment
and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Key
Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health,
Fujian Province University, Xiamen University
Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou 363105, China
| | - Honghui Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health,
Fujian Province University, Xiamen University
Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou 363105, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment
and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yongming Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment
and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment
and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaochang Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment
and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qingyong Song
- State
Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment
and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Key
Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health,
Fujian Province University, Xiamen University
Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou 363105, China
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4
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Zhang P, Huang S, Zhang N, Kan AT, Tomson MB. Automated Analytical Method To Determine Solution Alkalinity of Oilfield Brine in the Presence of Weak Organic Acids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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Metzger E, Thibault de Chanvalon A, Cesbron F, Barbe A, Launeau P, Jézéquel D, Mouret A. Simultaneous Nitrite/Nitrate Imagery at Millimeter Scale through the Water-Sediment Interface. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:8188-8195. [PMID: 27351274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes new procedures to obtain at millimeter resolution the spatial distribution of nitrite and nitrate in porewaters, combining diffusive equilibrium in thin films (DET), colorimetry and hyperspectral imagery. Nitrite distribution can be easily achieved by adapting the well-known colorimetric method from Griess (1879) and using a common flatbed scanner with a limit of detection about 1.7 μmol L(-1). Nitrate distribution can be obtained after reduction into nitrite by a vanadium chloride reagent. However, the concentration of vanadium chloride used in this protocol brings coloration with a wide spectral signature that creates interference only deconvolvable by imaging treatment from an entire visible spectrum for each pixel (spectral analysis). This can be achieved by hyperspectral imaging. The protocol retained in the present study allows obtaining a nitrite/nitrate image with micromolar limit of detection. The methods were applied in sediments from the Loire Estuary after different treatments and allowed to precisely describe two-dimensional millimeter features. The present technique adds to the combination of gel-colorimetry and hyperspectral imagery a very promising new application of wide interest for environmental issues in the context of early diagenesis and benthic fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Metzger
- Université d'Angers, LPG-BIAF, UMR CNRS 6112, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - A Thibault de Chanvalon
- Université d'Angers, LPG-BIAF, UMR CNRS 6112, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
- Ifremer, LBCM, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - F Cesbron
- Université d'Angers, LPG-BIAF, UMR CNRS 6112, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
- University of West Florida, CEDB, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, Florida 32514 United States
| | - A Barbe
- Université d'Angers, LPG-BIAF, UMR CNRS 6112, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - P Launeau
- Université de Nantes, LPG-N, UMR CNRS 6112, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - D Jézéquel
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, UMR 7154 CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A Mouret
- Université d'Angers, LPG-BIAF, UMR CNRS 6112, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
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Bennett WW, Welsh DT, Serriere A, Panther JG, Teasdale PR. A colorimetric DET technique for the high-resolution measurement of two-dimensional alkalinity distributions in sediment porewaters. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 119:547-552. [PMID: 25112581 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of porewater alkalinity are fundamental to the study of organic matter mineralization in sediments, which plays an essential role in the global cycles of carbon and nutrients. A new colorimetric diffusive equilibration in thin film (DET) technique is described for measuring two-dimensional total alkalinity distributions in sediment porewaters at high resolution (1-2 mm(2)). Thin polyacrylamide hydrogel layers (0.8 mm) equilibrate with the porewater and, after removal, are immediately laid onto another hydrogel containing formic acid, which reacts with alkalinity-generating species, and the pH-indicator bromophenol blue. The resultant color change is quantified using computer-imaging densitometry. The lower limit of detection is 0.2 meq L(-1) and the upper measurement limit is 8 meq L(-1). Deployment in seagrass colonized sediment revealed high levels of spatial heterogeneity in the porewater alkalinity distribution, with concentrations ranging from 2.28 meq L(-1) in the overlying water to 5.13 meq L(-1) in some parts of the sediment. This is the first time that two-dimensional, high-resolution distributions of porewater alkalinity have been measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Bennett
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia.
| | - David T Welsh
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Antoine Serriere
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Jared G Panther
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Peter R Teasdale
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
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Cesbron F, Metzger E, Launeau P, Deflandre B, Delgard ML, Thibault de Chanvalon A, Geslin E, Anschutz P, Jézéquel D. Simultaneous 2D imaging of dissolved iron and reactive phosphorus in sediment porewaters by thin-film and hyperspectral methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:2816-2826. [PMID: 24502458 DOI: 10.1021/es404724r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a new approach combining diffusive equilibrium in thin-film (DET) and spectrophotometric methods to determine the spatial variability of dissolved iron and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) with a single gel probe. Its originality is (1) to postpone up to three months the colorimetric reaction of DET by freezing and (2) to measure simultaneously dissolved iron and DRP by hyperspectral imaging at a submillimeter resolution. After a few minutes at room temperature, the thawed gel is sandwiched between two monospecific reagent DET gels, leading to magenta and blue coloration for iron and phosphate, respectively. Spatial distribution of the resulting colors is obtained using a hyperspectral camera. Reflectance spectra analysis enables deconvolution of specific colorations by the unmixing method applied to the logarithmic reflectance, leading to an accurate quantification of iron and DRP. This method was applied in the Arcachon lagoon (France) on muddy sediments colonized by eelgrass (Zostera noltei) meadows. The 2D gel probes highlighted microstructures in the spatial distribution of dissolved iron and phosphorus, which are most likely associated with the occurrence of benthic fauna burrows and seagrass roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Cesbron
- UMR CNRS 6112 LPGN-BIAF-Laboratoire des Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles, Université d'Angers , 49045 Angers Cedex, France
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