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Tatomir A, Vlaicu S, Nguyen V, Luzina IG, Atamas SP, Drachenberg C, Papadimitriou J, Badea TC, Rus HG, Rus V. RGC-32 mediates proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways in immune-mediated kidney disease. Clin Immunol 2024; 265:110279. [PMID: 38878807 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that results in immune-mediated damage to kidneys and other organs. We investigated the role of response gene to complement-32 (RGC-32), a proinflammatory and profibrotic mediator induced by TGFβ and C5b-9, in nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN), an experimental model that mimics human lupus nephritis. Proteinuria, loss of renal function and kidney histopathology were attenuated in RGC-32 KO NTN mice. RGC-32 KO NTN mice displayed downregulation of the CCL20/CCR6 and CXCL9/CXCR3 ligand/receptor pairs resulting in decreased renal recruitment of IL-17+ and IFNγ+ cells and subsequent decrease in the influx of innate immune cells. RGC-32 deficiency attenuated renal fibrosis as demonstrated by decreased deposition of collagen I, III and fibronectin. Thus, RGC-32 is a unique mediator shared by the Th17 and Th1 dependent proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways and a potential novel therapeutic target in the treatment of immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis such as lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Health Care Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sonia Vlaicu
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic nr. 1, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Irina G Luzina
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sergei P Atamas
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Tudor C Badea
- Research and Development Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Horea G Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Health Care Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Violeta Rus
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Tatomir A, Anselmo F, Boodhoo D, Chen H, Mekala AP, Nguyen V, Cuevas J, Rus V, Rus H. Multiple sclerosis disease activity, a multi-biomarker score of disease activity and response to treatment in multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338585. [PMID: 38994359 PMCID: PMC11236682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular assessment of disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is required to optimize clinical outcomes. Biomarkers can be a valuable tool for measuring disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) if they reflect the pathological processes underlying MS pathogenicity. In this pilot study, we combined multiple biomarkers previously analyzed in RRMS patients into an MS disease activity (MSDA) score to evaluate their ability to predict relapses and treatment response to glatiramer acetate (GA). Response Gene to Complement 32 (RGC-32), FasL, IL-21, SIRT1, phosphorylated SIRT1 (p-SIRT1), and JNK1 p54 levels were used to generate cut-off values for each biomarker. Any value below the cutoff for RGC-32, FasL SIRT1, or p-SIRT1 or above the cutoff for IL-21 or JNK1 p54 was given a +1 value, indicating relapse or lack of response to GA. Any value above the cutoff value for RGC-32, FasL, SIRT1, p-SIRT1 or below that for IL-21 or JNK1 p54 was given a -1 value, indicating clinical stability or response to GA. An MSDA score above +1 indicated a relapse or lack of response to treatment. An MSDA score below -1 indicated clinical stability or response to treatment. Our results showed that the MSDA scores generated using either four or six biomarkers had a higher sensitivity and specificity and significantly correlated with the expanded disability status scale. Although these results suggest that the MSDA test can be useful for monitoring therapeutic response to biologic agents and assessing clinically challenging situations, the present findings need to be confirmed in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Neurology Department, Baltimore Veterans Administration Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Freidrich Anselmo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hegang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Armugam P. Mekala
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jacob Cuevas
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Violeta Rus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Neurology Department, Baltimore Veterans Administration Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
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3
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Zhu P, Deng W. Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Analyses Identify APLNR, INS-IGF2, RGCC Genes May Be Involved in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis Skin. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:1059-1069. [PMID: 38742168 PMCID: PMC11090198 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s456593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Systemic sclerosis represents a persistent autoimmune disorder marked with fibrosis affecting both skin and other organs, which leads to a diminished quality of life and increased mortality. The affected skin provides a valuable opportunity to explore the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Nevertheless, the roles of various cell populations within scleroderma remain intricate. Methods We conducted a comprehensive reanalysis of recently published single-cell RNA-sequencing data from skin tissue cells in scleroderma. Through the utilization of Seurat, irGSEA, AUCell packages, and WGCNA analysis, we aimed to unveil crucial genes associated with the disease's etiological factors. Our investigation involved the characterization of heterogeneous pathway activities in both healthy and SSc-affected skin. Furthermore, we employed immunofluorescence techniques to validate the expression patterns of hub genes and differentially expressed genes. Results The Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT) pathway was upregulated in SSc skin. Notably, the M4 module within Endothelial cell subpopulation 1 exhibited a strong association with EndMT. Furthermore, we identified three overexpressed genes (APLNR, INS-IGF2, RGCC) that demonstrated a significant correlation with EndMT. Importantly, their expression levels were markedly higher in skin of individuals with SSc when compared to healthy controls. Conclusion APLNR, INS-IGF2 and RGCC serve as potential key players in the pathogenesis of SSc skin through EndMT-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqiu Zhu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Huang B, Feng D, Niu X, Huang W, Hao S. Serum RGC-32 in children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11047. [PMID: 37422503 PMCID: PMC10329644 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38092-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can be more severe than adult patients. Early diagnosis and accurate evaluation of the disease are very important for the patients. Response gene to complement-32 (RGC-32) protein is the downstream regulator of C5b-9 complex which is the terminal pathway of complement activation. Complement system plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of SLE. RGC-32 in patients with SLE has not been reported yet. We aimed to examine the clinical value of RGC-32 in children with SLE. A total of 40 children with SLE and another 40 healthy children were enrolled for this study. Clinical data were obtained prospectively. Serum RGC-32 was determined by ELISA. We found that serum RGC-32 was significantly elevated in children with SLE than that in the healthy group. Serum RGC-32 was significantly higher in the children with moderately/severely active SLE than that in the children with no/mildly active SLE. Furthermore, serum RGC-32 level correlated positively with C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and ferritin and correlated negatively with white blood cell counts and C3. RGC-32 may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. RGC-32 might become a good biomarker in the diagnosis and evaluation of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxue Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoling Niu
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Sheng Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Mareco EA, de la Serrana DG, de Paula TG, Zanella BTT, da Silva Duran BO, Salomão RAS, de Almeida Fantinatti BE, de Oliveira VHG, Dos Santos VB, Carvalho RF, Dal-Pai-Silva M. Transcriptomic insight into the hybridization mechanism of the Tambacu, a hybrid from Colossoma macropomum (Tambaqui) and Piaractus mesopotamicus (Pacu). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 45:101041. [PMID: 36442404 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Interspecific hybrids are highly complex organisms, especially considering aspects related to the organization of genetic material. The diversity of possibilities created by the genetic combination between different species makes it difficult to establish a large-scale analysis methodology. An example of this complexity is Tambacu, an interspecific hybrid of Colossoma macropomum (Tambaqui) and Piaractus mesopotamicus (Pacu). Either genotype represents an essential role in South American aquaculture. However, despite this importance, the genetic information for these genotypes is still highly scarce in specialized databases. Using RNA-Seq analysis, we characterized the transcriptome of white muscle from Pacu, Tambaqui, and their interspecific hybrid (Tambacu). The sequencing process allowed us to obtain a significant number of reads (approximately 53 billion short reads). A total of annotated contigs were 37,285, 96,738, and 158,709 for Pacu, Tambaqui, and Tambacu. After that, we performed a comparative analysis of the transcriptome of the three genotypes, where we evaluated the differential expression (Tambacu vs Pacu = 11,156, and Tambacu vs Tambaqui = 876) profile of the transcript and the degree of similarity between the nucleotide sequences between the genotypes. We assessed the intensity and pattern of expression across genotypes using differential expression information. Clusterization analysis showed a closer relationship between Tambaqui and Tambacu. Furthermore, digital differential expression analysis selected some target genes related to essential cellular processes to evaluate and validate the expression through the RT-qPCR. The RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated significantly (p < 0.05) elevated expression of the mafbx, foxo1a, and rgcc genes in the hybrid compared to the parents. Likewise, we can observe genes significantly more expressed in Pacu (mtco1 and mylpfa) and mtco2 in Tambaqui. Our results showed that the phenotype presented by Tambacu might be associated with changes in the gene expression profile and not necessarily with an increase in gene variability. Thus, the molecular mechanisms underlying these "hybrid effects" may be related to additive and, in some cases, dominant regulatory interactions between parental alleles that act directly on gene regulation in the hybrid transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson Assunção Mareco
- Environment and Regional Development Graduate Program, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil; Biology Department, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Garcia de la Serrana
- Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology Department, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 643 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tassiana Gutierrez de Paula
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Tereza Thomazini Zanella
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Oliveira da Silva Duran
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Victor Hugo Garcia de Oliveira
- Environment and Regional Development Graduate Program, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Diclofenac Disrupts the Circadian Clock and through Complex Cross-Talks Aggravates Immune-Mediated Liver Injury-A Repeated Dose Study in Minipigs for 28 Days. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021445. [PMID: 36674967 PMCID: PMC9863319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac effectively reduces pain and inflammation; however, its use is associated with hepato- and nephrotoxicity. To delineate mechanisms of injury, we investigated a clinically relevant (3 mg/kg) and high-dose (15 mg/kg) in minipigs for 4 weeks. Initially, serum biochemistries and blood-smears indicated an inflammatory response but returned to normal after 4 weeks of treatment. Notwithstanding, histopathology revealed drug-induced hepatitis, marked glycogen depletion, necrosis and steatosis. Strikingly, the genomic study revealed diclofenac to desynchronize the liver clock with manifest inductions of its components CLOCK, NPAS2 and BMAL1. The > 4-fold induced CRY1 expression underscored an activated core-loop, and the dose dependent > 60% reduction in PER2mRNA repressed the negative feedback loop; however, it exacerbated hepatotoxicity. Bioinformatics enabled the construction of gene-regulatory networks, and we linked the disruption of the liver-clock to impaired glycogenesis, lipid metabolism and the control of immune responses, as shown by the 3-, 6- and 8-fold induced expression of pro-inflammatory CXCL2, lysozyme and ß-defensin. Additionally, diclofenac treatment caused adrenocortical hypertrophy and thymic atrophy, and we evidenced induced glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity by immunohistochemistry. Given that REV-ERB connects the circadian clock with hepatic GR, its > 80% repression alleviated immune responses as manifested by repressed expressions of CXCL9(90%), CCL8(60%) and RSAD2(70%). Together, we propose a circuitry, whereby diclofenac desynchronizes the liver clock in the control of the hepatic metabolism and immune response.
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7
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Vlaicu SI, Tatomir A, Fosbrink M, Nguyen V, Boodhoo D, Cudrici C, Badea TC, Rus V, Rus H. RGC-32′ dual role in smooth muscle cells and atherogenesis. Clin Immunol 2022; 238:109020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Luzina IG, Rus V, Lockatell V, Courneya JP, Hampton BS, Fishelevich R, Misharin AV, Todd NW, Badea TC, Rus H, Atamas SP. Regulator of Cell Cycle Protein (RGCC/RGC-32) Protects against Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:146-157. [PMID: 34668840 PMCID: PMC8845131 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0022oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Some previous studies in tissue fibrosis have suggested a profibrotic contribution from elevated expression of a protein termed either RGCC (regulator of cell cycle) or RGC-32 (response gene to complement 32 protein). Our analysis of public gene expression datasets, by contrast, revealed a consistent decrease in RGCC mRNA levels in association with pulmonary fibrosis. Consistent with this observation, we found that stimulating primary adult human lung fibroblasts with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in cell cultures elevated collagen expression and simultaneously attenuated RGCC mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, overexpression of RGCC in cultured lung fibroblasts attenuated the stimulating effect of TGF-β on collagen levels. Similar to humans with pulmonary fibrosis, the levels of RGCC were also decreased in vivo in lung tissues of wild-type mice challenged with bleomycin in both acute and chronic models. Mice with constitutive RGCC gene deletion accumulated more collagen in their lungs in response to chronic bleomycin challenge than did wild-type mice. RNA-Seq analyses of lung fibroblasts revealed that RGCC overexpression alone had a modest transcriptomic effect, but in combination with TGF-β stimulation, induced notable transcriptomic changes that negated the effects of TGF-β, including on extracellular matrix-related genes. At the level of intracellular signaling, RGCC overexpression delayed early TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation, elevated the expression of total and phosphorylated antifibrotic mediator STAT1, and attenuated the expression of a profibrotic mediator STAT3. We conclude that RGCC plays a protective role in pulmonary fibrosis and that its decline permits collagen accumulation. Restoration of RGCC expression may have therapeutic potential in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G. Luzina
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Violeta Rus
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Virginia Lockatell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jean-Paul Courneya
- Health Sciences and Human Services Library, University of Maryland–Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Rita Fishelevich
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alexander V. Misharin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nevins W. Todd
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tudor C. Badea
- Retinal Circuits Development and Genetics Unit, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; and,Faculty of Medicine, Research and Development Institute, Transilvania University of Brașov, Brașov, Romania
| | - Horea Rus
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sergei P. Atamas
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;,Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
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9
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Blinova VG, Gladilina YA, Eliseeva DD, Lobaeva TA, Zhdanov DD. [Increased suppressor activity of transformed ex vivo regulatory T-cells in comparison with unstimulated cells of the same donor]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:55-67. [PMID: 35221297 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226801055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T-cells CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺CD127low (Tregs) play a key role in the maintenance of tolerance to auto antigens, inhibit function of effector T and B lymphocytes, and provide a balance between effector and regulatory arms of immunity. Patients with autoimmune diseases have decreased Treg numbers and impaired suppressive activity. Transformed ex vivo autologous Tregs could restore destroyed balance of the immune system. We developed a method for Treg precursor cell cultivation. Following the method, we were able to grown up 300-400 million of Tregs cells from 50 ml of peripheral blood during a week. Transformed ex vivo Tregs are 90-95% CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺CD127low and have increased expression of transcription genes FoxP3 and Helios. Transformed ex vivo Tregs have increased demethylation of FoxP3 promoter and activated genes of proliferation markers Cycline B1, Ki67 and LGALS 1. Transformed ex vivo Tregs have increased suppressive activity and up to 80-90% these cells secrete cytokines TNFα и IFNγ. Our data suggest transformed ex vivo autologous Tregs have genetic, immunophenotypic and functional characteristics for regulatory T-cells and further can be used for adoptive immunotherapy autoimmune diseases and inhibition of transplantation immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Blinova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - T A Lobaeva
- Department of Biochemistry, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - D D Zhdanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biochemistry, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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10
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Vazquez J, Chavarria M, Chasman DA, Schwartz RW, Tyler CT, Lopez G, Fisher RC, Ong IM, Stanic AK. Multiomic analysis reveals decidual-specific transcriptional programing of MAIT cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13495. [PMID: 34411378 PMCID: PMC8720468 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells have been recently identified at the maternal-fetal interface. However, transcriptional programming of decidual MAIT cells in pregnancy remains poorly understood. METHOD OF STUDY We employed a multiomic approach to address this question. Mononuclear cells from the decidua basalis and parietalis, and control PBMCs, were analyzed via flow cytometry to investigate MAIT cells in the decidua and assess their transcription factor expression. In a separate study, both decidual and matched peripheral MAIT cells were analyzed using Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-seq) coupled with gene expression analysis. Lastly, decidual MAIT cells were stimulated with E.coli and expression of MR1 by antigen presenting cells was measured to evaluate decidual MAIT cell function. RESULTS First, we identified MAIT cells in both the decidua basalis and parietalis. CITE-seq, coupled with scRNA-seq gene expression analysis, highlighted transcriptional programming differences between decidual and matched peripheral MAIT cells at a single cell resolution. Transcription factor expression analysis further highlighted transcriptional differences between decidual MAIT cells and non-matched peripheral MAIT cells. Functionally, MAIT cells are skewed towards IFNγ and TNFα production upon stimulation, with E.coli leading to IFNγ production. Lastly, we demonstrate that MR1, the antigen presenting molecule restricting MAIT cells, is expressed by decidual APCs. CONCLUSION MAIT cells are present in the decidua basalis and obtain a unique gene expression profile. The presence of MR1 on APCs coupled with in vitro activation by E.coli suggests that MAIT cells might be involved in tissue-repair mechanisms at the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deborah A. Chasman
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics
| | - Rene Welch Schwartz
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics
| | | | | | | | - Irene M. Ong
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Center for Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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11
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Guo Z, Chen M, Chao Y, Cai C, Liu L, Zhao L, Li L, Bai QR, Xu Y, Niu W, Shi L, Bi Y, Ren D, Yuan F, Shi S, Zeng Q, Han K, Shi Y, Bian S, He G. RGCC balances self-renewal and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in the developing mammalian neocortex. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51781. [PMID: 34323349 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
During neocortical development, neural stem cells (NSCs) divide symmetrically to self-renew at the early stage and then divide asymmetrically to generate post-mitotic neurons. The molecular mechanisms regulating the balance between NSC self-renewal and neurogenesis are not fully understood. Using mouse in utero electroporation (IUE) technique and in vitro human NSC differentiation models including cerebral organoids (hCOs), we show here that regulator of cell cycle (RGCC) modulates NSC self-renewal and neuronal differentiation by affecting cell cycle regulation and spindle orientation. RGCC deficiency hampers normal cell cycle process and dysregulates the mitotic spindle, thus driving more cells to divide asymmetrically. These modulations diminish the NSC population and cause NSC pre-differentiation that eventually leads to brain developmental malformation in hCOs. We further show that RGCC might regulate NSC spindle orientation by affecting the organization of centrosome and microtubules. Our results demonstrate that RGCC is essential to maintain the NSC pool during cortical development and suggest that RGCC defects could have etiological roles in human brain malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Guo
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxia Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Chao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhai Cai
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangjie Liu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linbo Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Ran Bai
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Xu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibo Niu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Bi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Decheng Ren
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yuan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyue Shi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Han
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Bian
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Tatomir A, Beltrand A, Nguyen V, Courneya JP, Boodhoo D, Cudrici C, Muresanu DF, Rus V, Badea TC, Rus H. RGC-32 Acts as a Hub to Regulate the Transcriptomic Changes Associated With Astrocyte Development and Reactive Astrocytosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705308. [PMID: 34394104 PMCID: PMC8358671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Response Gene to Complement 32 (RGC-32) is an important mediator of the TGF-β signaling pathway, and an increasing amount of evidence implicates this protein in regulating astrocyte biology. We showed recently that spinal cord astrocytes in mice lacking RGC-32 display an immature phenotype reminiscent of progenitors and radial glia, with an overall elongated morphology, increased proliferative capacity, and increased expression of progenitor markers when compared to their wild-type (WT) counterparts that make them incapable of undergoing reactive changes during the acute phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, in order to decipher the molecular networks underlying RGC-32's ability to regulate astrocytic maturation and reactivity, we performed next-generation sequencing of RNA from WT and RGC-32 knockout (KO) neonatal mouse brain astrocytes, either unstimulated or stimulated with the pleiotropic cytokine TGF-β. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that RGC-32 is critical for the TGF-β-induced up-regulation of transcripts encoding proteins involved in brain development and tissue remodeling, such as axonal guidance molecules, transcription factors, extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins, and proteoglycans. Our next-generation sequencing of RNA analysis also demonstrated that a lack of RGC-32 results in a significant induction of WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (Wdfy1) and stanniocalcin-1 (Stc1). Immunohistochemical analysis of spinal cords isolated from normal adult mice and mice with EAE at the peak of disease showed that RGC-32 is necessary for the in vivo expression of ephrin receptor type A7 in reactive astrocytes, and that the lack of RGC-32 results in a higher number of homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX)+ and CD133+ radial glia cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that RGC-32 plays a major role in modulating the transcriptomic changes in astrocytes that ultimately lead to molecular programs involved in astrocytic differentiation and reactive changes during neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Austin Beltrand
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jean-Paul Courneya
- Health Sciences and Human Services Library, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cornelia Cudrici
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dafin F. Muresanu
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Violeta Rus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tudor C. Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, N-NRL, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Research and Development Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, United States
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13
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Chan LC, Kalyanasundram J, Leong SW, Masarudin MJ, Veerakumarasivam A, Yusoff K, Chan SC, Chia SL. Persistent Newcastle disease virus infection in bladder cancer cells is associated with putative pro-survival and anti-viral transcriptomic changes. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:625. [PMID: 34044804 PMCID: PMC8161962 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an oncolytic virus with excellent selectivity against cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Unfortunately, prolonged in vitro NDV infection results in the development of persistent infection in the cancer cells which are then able to resist NDV-mediated oncolysis. However, the mechanism of persistency of infection remains poorly understood. Methods In this study, we established persistently NDV-infected EJ28 bladder cancer cells, designated as EJ28P. Global transcriptomic analysis was subsequently carried out by microarray analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between EJ28 and EJ28P cells identified by the edgeR program were further analysed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) analyses. In addition, the microarray data were validated by RT-qPCR. Results Persistently NDV-infected EJ28 bladder cancer cells were successfully established and confirmed by flow cytometry. Microarray analysis identified a total of 368 genes as differentially expressed in EJ28P cells when compared to the non-infected EJ28 cells. GSEA revealed that the Wnt/β-catenin and KRAS signalling pathways were upregulated while the TGF-β signalling pathway was downregulated. Findings from this study suggest that the upregulation of genes that are associated with cell growth, pro-survival, and anti-apoptosis may explain the survivability of EJ28P cells and the development of persistent infection of NDV. Conclusions This study provides insights into the transcriptomic changes that occur and the specific signalling pathways that are potentially involved in the development and maintenance of NDV persistency of infection in bladder cancer cells. These findings warrant further investigation and is crucial towards the development of effective NDV oncolytic therapy against cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08345-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Chin Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Malaysia Genome Institute, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jeevanathan Kalyanasundram
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sze-Wei Leong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Abhi Veerakumarasivam
- Malaysia Genome Institute, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Medical Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Malaysia Genome Institute, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Soon-Choy Chan
- Malaysia Genome Institute, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Perdana University School of Liberal Arts, Science and Technology (PUScLST), Perdana University, 50490, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Suet-Lin Chia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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14
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Tatomir A, Beltrand A, Nguyen V, Boodhoo D, Mekala A, Cudrici C, Badea TC, Muresanu DF, Rus V, Rus H. RGC-32 Regulates Generation of Reactive Astrocytes in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Front Immunol 2021; 11:608294. [PMID: 33569054 PMCID: PMC7868332 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.608294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are increasingly recognized as critical contributors to multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. We have previously shown that lack of Response Gene to Complement 32 (RGC-32) alters astrocyte morphology in the spinal cord at the peak of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), suggesting a role for RGC-32 in astrocyte differentiation. In this study, we analyzed the expression and distribution of astrocytes and astrocyte progenitors by immunohistochemistry in spinal cords of wild-type (WT) and RGC-32-knockout (KO) mice with EAE and of normal adult mice. Our analysis showed that during acute EAE, WT astrocytes had a reactive morphology and increased GFAP expression, whereas RGC-32 KO astrocytes had a morphology similar to that of radial glia and an increased expression of progenitor markers such as vimentin and fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7). In control mice, GFAP expression and astrocyte density were also significantly higher in the WT group, whereas the number of vimentin and FABP7-positive radial glia was significantly higher in the RGC-32 KO group. In vitro studies on cultured neonatal astrocytes from WT and RGC-32 KO mice showed that RGC-32 regulates a complex array of molecular networks pertaining to signal transduction, growth factor expression and secretion, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Among the most differentially expressed factors were insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF); their expression was downregulated in RGC-32-depleted astrocytes. The nuclear translocation of STAT3, a transcription factor critical for astrogliogenesis and driving glial scar formation, was also impaired after RGC-32 silencing. Taken together, these data suggest that RGC-32 is an important regulator of astrocyte differentiation during EAE and that in the absence of RGC-32, astrocytes are unable to fully mature and become reactive astrocytes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Astrocytes/metabolism
- Astrocytes/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7/metabolism
- Female
- Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/pathology
- Vimentin/metabolism
- Mice
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Austin Beltrand
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Armugam Mekala
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cornelia Cudrici
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tudor C. Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory (N-NRL), National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dafin F. Muresanu
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Violeta Rus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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Finkle JD, Bagheri N. Hybrid analysis of gene dynamics predicts context-specific expression and offers regulatory insights. Bioinformatics 2020; 35:4671-4678. [PMID: 30994899 PMCID: PMC6853664 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation To understand the regulatory pathways underlying diseases, studies often investigate the differential gene expression between genetically or chemically differing cell populations. Differential expression analysis identifies global changes in transcription and enables the inference of functional roles of applied perturbations. This approach has transformed the discovery of genetic drivers of disease and possible therapies. However, differential expression analysis does not provide quantitative predictions of gene expression in untested conditions. We present a hybrid approach, termed Differential Expression in Python (DiffExPy), that uniquely combines discrete, differential expression analysis with in silico differential equation simulations to yield accurate, quantitative predictions of gene expression from time-series data. Results To demonstrate the distinct insight provided by DiffExpy, we applied it to published, in vitro, time-series RNA-seq data from several genetic PI3K/PTEN variants of MCF10a cells stimulated with epidermal growth factor. DiffExPy proposed ensembles of several minimal differential equation systems for each differentially expressed gene. These systems provide quantitative models of expression for several previously uncharacterized genes and uncover new regulation by the PI3K/PTEN pathways. We validated model predictions on expression data from conditions that were not used for model training. Our discrete, differential expression analysis also identified SUZ12 and FOXA1 as possible regulators of specific groups of genes that exhibit late changes in expression. Our work reveals how DiffExPy generates quantitatively predictive models with testable, biological hypotheses from time-series expression data. Availability and implementation DiffExPy is available on GitHub (https://github.com/bagherilab/diffexpy). Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Finkle
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Neda Bagheri
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.,Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.,Chemistry of Life Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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16
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Field NS, Elbulok OA, Dybas JM, Moser EK, Dar AA, Spruce LA, Fazelinia H, Seeholzer SH, Oliver PM. Itch attenuates CD4 T-cell proliferation in mice by limiting WBP2 protein stability. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1468-1483. [PMID: 32459862 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
To mount an antipathogen response, CD4 T cells must undergo rapid cell proliferation; however, poorly controlled expansion can result in diseases such as autoimmunity. One important regulator of T-cell activity is the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch. Itch deficient patients suffer from extensive autoinflammation. Similarly, Itch deficient mice exhibit inflammation characterized by high numbers of activated CD4 T cells. While the role of Itch in limiting CD4 T-cell cytokine production has been extensively studied, it is less clear whether and how Itch regulates proliferation of these cells. We determined that Itch deficient CD4 T cells are hyperproliferative in vitro and in vivo, due to increased S phase entry. Whole cell proteomics analysis of Itch deficient primary mouse CD4 T cells revealed increased abundance of the β-catenin coactivator WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2). Furthermore, Itch deficient cells demonstrate increased WBP2 protein stability, and Itch and WBP2 interact in CD4 T cells. Knockdown of WBP2 in CD4 T cells caused reduced proliferation. Together, our data support that Itch attenuates CD4 T cell proliferation by promoting WBP2 degradation. This study identifies novel roles for Itch and WBP2 in regulating CD4 T cell proliferation, providing insight into how Itch may prevent inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natania S Field
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Omar A Elbulok
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph M Dybas
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily K Moser
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Asif A Dar
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lynn A Spruce
- Cell Pathology Division, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hossein Fazelinia
- Cell Pathology Division, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven H Seeholzer
- Cell Pathology Division, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paula M Oliver
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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17
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Bradley T, Kuraoka M, Yeh CH, Tian M, Chen H, Cain DW, Chen X, Cheng C, Ellebedy AH, Parks R, Barr M, Sutherland LL, Scearce RM, Bowman CM, Bouton-Verville H, Santra S, Wiehe K, Lewis MG, Ogbe A, Borrow P, Montefiori D, Bonsignori M, Anthony Moody M, Verkoczy L, Saunders KO, Ahmed R, Mascola JR, Kelsoe G, Alt FW, Haynes BF. Immune checkpoint modulation enhances HIV-1 antibody induction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:948. [PMID: 32075963 PMCID: PMC7031230 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14670-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eliciting protective titers of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a goal of HIV-1 vaccine development, but current vaccine strategies have yet to induce bnAbs in humans. Many bnAbs isolated from HIV-1-infected individuals are encoded by immunoglobulin gene rearrangments with infrequent naive B cell precursors and with unusual genetic features that may be subject to host regulatory control. Here, we administer antibodies targeting immune cell regulatory receptors CTLA-4, PD-1 or OX40 along with HIV envelope (Env) vaccines to rhesus macaques and bnAb immunoglobulin knock-in (KI) mice expressing diverse precursors of CD4 binding site HIV-1 bnAbs. CTLA-4 blockade augments HIV-1 Env antibody responses in macaques, and in a bnAb-precursor mouse model, CTLA-4 blocking or OX40 agonist antibodies increase germinal center B and T follicular helper cells and plasma neutralizing antibodies. Thus, modulation of CTLA-4 or OX40 immune checkpoints during vaccination can promote germinal center activity and enhance HIV-1 Env antibody responses. Elucidation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAb) is a goal in HIV vaccine development. Here, Bradley et al. show that administration of CTLA-4 blocking antibody with vaccine antigens increases HIV-1 envelope antibody responses in macaques and a bnAb precursor mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Bradley
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
| | - Masayuki Kuraoka
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chen-Hao Yeh
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Ming Tian
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Genetic, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Genetic, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Derek W Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ali H Ellebedy
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30317, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, 63110, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laura L Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Richard M Scearce
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Cindy M Bowman
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Hilary Bouton-Verville
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - Ane Ogbe
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Persephone Borrow
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - David Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laurent Verkoczy
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30317, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Garnett Kelsoe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Frederick W Alt
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Genetic, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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18
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Response gene to complement 32 expression in macrophages augments paracrine stimulation-mediated colon cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:776. [PMID: 31601783 PMCID: PMC6786990 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
M2-polarized tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in tumor progression. It has been reported that response gene to complement 32 (RGC-32) promotes M2 macrophage polarization. However, whether RGC-32 expression in macrophages could play a potential role in tumor progression remain unclear. Here we identified that increasing RGC-32 expression in colon cancer and tumor associated macrophages was positively correlated with cancer progression. In vitro studies confirmed that colon cancer cells upregulated RGC-32 expression of macrophages via secreting TGF-β1. RGC-32 expression promoted macrophage migration. In addition, stimulation of HCT-116 cells with the condition mediums of RGC-32-silienced or over-expressed macrophages affected tumor cell colony formation and migration via altered COX-2 expression. In an animal model, macrophages with RGC-32 knockdown significantly decreased the expression of COX-2 and Ki67 in the xenografts, and partly inhibited tumor growth. Together, our results provide the evidences for a critical role of TGF-β1/RGC-32 pathway in TAMs and colon cancer cells during tumor progression.
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Brocard M, Khasnis S, Wood CD, Shannon-Lowe C, West MJ. Pumilio directs deadenylation-associated translational repression of the cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activator RGC-32. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:3707-3725. [PMID: 29385536 PMCID: PMC5909466 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Response gene to complement-32 (RGC-32) activates cyclin-dependent kinase 1, regulates the cell cycle and is deregulated in many human tumours. We previously showed that RGC-32 expression is upregulated by the cancer-associated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in latently infected B cells through the relief of translational repression. We now show that EBV infection of naïve primary B cells also induces RGC-32 protein translation. In EBV-immortalised cell lines, we found that RGC-32 depletion resulted in cell death, indicating a key role in B cell survival. Studying RGC-32 translational control in EBV-infected cells, we found that the RGC-32 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) mediates translational repression. Repression was dependent on a single Pumilio binding element (PBE) adjacent to the polyadenylation signal. Mutation of this PBE did not affect mRNA cleavage, but resulted in increased polyA tail length. Consistent with Pumilio-dependent recruitment of deadenylases, we found that depletion of Pumilio in EBV-infected cells increased RGC-32 protein expression and polyA tail length. The extent of Pumilio binding to the endogenous RGC-32 mRNA in EBV-infected cell lines also correlated with RGC-32 protein expression. Our data demonstrate the importance of RGC-32 for the survival of EBV-immortalised B cells and identify Pumilio as a key regulator of RGC-32 translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Brocard
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Sarika Khasnis
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - C David Wood
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Claire Shannon-Lowe
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Michelle J West
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
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20
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Cui XB, Luan JN, Dong K, Chen S, Wang Y, Watford WT, Chen SY. Response by Cui et al to Letter Regarding Article, "RGC-32 (Response Gene to Complement 32) Deficiency Protects Endothelial Cells From Inflammation and Attenuates Atherosclerosis". Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e97-e98. [PMID: 29793994 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bing Cui
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Jun-Na Luan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Kun Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
| | - Wendy T Watford
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens
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21
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Vlaicu SI, Tatomir A, Anselmo F, Boodhoo D, Chira R, Rus V, Rus H. RGC-32 and diseases: the first 20 years. Immunol Res 2019; 67:267-279. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-019-09080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Tatomir A, Tegla CA, Martin A, Boodhoo D, Nguyen V, Sugarman AJ, Mekala A, Anselmo F, Talpos-Caia A, Cudrici C, Badea TC, Rus V, Rus H. RGC-32 regulates reactive astrocytosis and extracellular matrix deposition in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunol Res 2019; 66:445-461. [PMID: 30006805 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-018-9011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in active demyelinating multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions may impede axonal regeneration and can modify immune reactions. Response gene to complement (RGC)-32 plays an important role in the mediation of TGF-β downstream effects, but its role in gliosis has not been investigated. To gain more insight into the role played by RGC-32 in gliosis, we investigated its involvement in TGF-β-induced ECM expression and the upregulation of the reactive astrocyte markers α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and nestin. In cultured neonatal rat astrocytes, collagens I, IV, and V, fibronectin, α-SMA, and nestin were significantly induced by TGF-β stimulation, and RGC-32 silencing resulted in a significant reduction in their expression. Using astrocytes isolated from RGC-32 knock-out (KO) mice, we found that the expression of TGF-β-induced collagens I, IV, and V, fibronectin, and α-SMA was significantly reduced in RGC-32 KO mice when compared with wild-type (WT) mice. SIS3 inhibition of Smad3 phosphorylation was also associated with a significant reduction in RGC-32 nuclear translocation and TGF-β-induced collagen I expression. In addition, during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), RGC-32 KO mouse astrocytes displayed an elongated, bipolar phenotype, resembling immature astrocytes and glial progenitors whereas those from WT mice had a reactive, hypertrophied phenotype. Taken together, our data demonstrate that RGC-32 plays an important role in mediating TGF-β-induced reactive astrogliosis in EAE. Therefore, RGC-32 may represent a new target for therapeutic intervention in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Cosmin A Tegla
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alvaro Martin
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adam J Sugarman
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Armugam Mekala
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Freidrich Anselmo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Anamaria Talpos-Caia
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Rheumatology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Cudrici
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tudor C Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, N-NRL, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Violeta Rus
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Veterans Administration Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence-East, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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23
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Phosphorylated SIRT1 as a biomarker of relapse and response to treatment with glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 105:175-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Cui XB, Chen SY. Response Gene to Complement 32 in Vascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:128. [PMID: 30280101 PMCID: PMC6153333 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Response gene to complement 32 (RGC32) is a protein that was identified in rat oligodendrocytes after complement activation. It is expressed in most of the organs and tissues, such as brain, placenta, heart, and the liver. Functionally, RGC32 is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, fibrosis, metabolic disease, and cancer. Emerging evidences support the roles of RGC32 in vascular diseases. RGC32 promotes injury-induced vascular neointima formation by mediating smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration. Moreover, RGC32 mediates endothelial cell activation and facilitates atherosclerosis development. Its involvement in macrophage phagocytosis and activation as well as T-lymphocyte cell cycle activation also suggests that RGC32 is important for the development and progression of inflammatory vascular diseases. In this mini-review, we provide an overview on the roles of RGC32 in regulating functions of SMCs, endothelial cells, and immune cells, and discuss their contributions to vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bing Cui
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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25
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Deacetylase activity-independent transcriptional activation by HDAC2 during TPA-induced HL-60 cell differentiation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202935. [PMID: 30142192 PMCID: PMC6108480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60 differentiate into monocytes following treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). However, the mechanism underlying the differentiation of these cells in response to TPA has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we performed ChIP-seq profiling of RNA Pol II, HDAC2, Acetyl H3 (AcH3), and H3K27me3 and analyzed differential chromatin state changes during TPA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells. We focused on atypically active genes, which showed enhanced H3 acetylation despite increased HDAC2 recruitment. We found that HDAC2 positively regulates the expression of these genes in a histone deacetylase activity-independent manner. HDAC2 interacted with and recruited paired box 5 (PAX5) to the promoters of the target genes and regulated HL-60 cell differentiation by PAX5-mediated gene activation. Taken together, these data elucidated the specific-chromatin status during HL-60 cell differentiation following TPA exposure and suggested that HDAC2 can activate transcription of certain genes through interactions with PAX5 in a deacetylase activity-independent pathway.
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26
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Chen YJ, Chang WA, Wu LY, Hsu YL, Chen CH, Kuo PL. Systematic Analysis of Differential Expression Profile in Rheumatoid Arthritis Chondrocytes Using Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Approaches. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1129-1142. [PMID: 30123050 PMCID: PMC6097257 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.27056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) occurs primarily in the pannus-cartilage interface. The close contact of the synovium-cartilage interface implicates crosstalk between synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes. The aim of this study is to explore the differentially expressed genes and novel microRNA regulations potentially implicated in the dysregulated cartilage homeostasis in joint destruction of RA. Total RNAs were extracted from human primary cultured normal and RA chondrocytes for RNA and small RNA expression profiling using next-generation sequencing. Using systematic bioinformatics analyses, we identified 463 differentially expressed genes in RA chondrocytes were enriched in biological functions related to altered cell cycle process, inflammatory response and hypoxic stimulation. Moreover, fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), kynureninase (KYNU), and regulator of cell cycle (RGCC) were among the top dysregulated genes identified to be potentially affected in the RA joint microenvironment, having similar expression patterns observed in arrays of clinical RA synovial tissues from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Additionally, among the 31 differentially expressed microRNAs and 10 candidate genes with potential microRNA-mRNA interactions in RA chondrocytes, the novel miR-140-3p-FGF9 interaction was validated in different microRNA prediction databases, and proposed to participate in the pathogenesis of joint destruction through dysregulated cell growth in RA. The findings provide new perspectives for target genes in the management of cartilage destruction in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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27
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Buchan SL, Fallatah M, Thirdborough SM, Taraban VY, Rogel A, Thomas LJ, Penfold CA, He LZ, Curran MA, Keler T, Al-Shamkhani A. PD-1 Blockade and CD27 Stimulation Activate Distinct Transcriptional Programs That Synergize for CD8 + T-Cell-Driven Antitumor Immunity. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2383-2394. [PMID: 29514845 PMCID: PMC5959006 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: PD-1 checkpoint blockade has revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy, yet the frequency of responding patients is limited by inadequate T-cell priming secondary to a paucity of activatory dendritic cells (DC). DC signals can be bypassed by CD27 agonists, and we therefore investigated if the effectiveness of anti-PD-1/L1 could be improved by combining with agonist anti-CD27 monoclonal antibodies (mAb).Experimental Design: The efficacy of PD-1/L1 blockade or agonist anti-CD27 mAb was compared with a dual-therapy approach in multiple tumor models. Global transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry analysis were used to delineate mechanisms underpinning the observed synergy.Results: PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and agonist anti-CD27 mAb synergize for increased CD8+ T-cell expansion and effector function, exemplified by enhanced IFNγ, TNFα, granzyme B, and T-bet. Transcriptome analysis of CD8+ T cells revealed that combination therapy triggered a convergent program largely driven by IL2 and Myc. However, division of labor was also apparent such that anti-PD-1/L1 activates a cytotoxicity-gene expression program whereas anti-CD27 preferentially augments proliferation. In tumor models, either dependent on endogenous CD8+ T cells or adoptive transfer of transgenic T cells, anti-CD27 mAb synergized with PD-1/L1 blockade for antitumor immunity. Finally, we show that a clinically relevant anti-human CD27 mAb, varlilumab, similarly synergizes with PD-L1 blockade for protection against lymphoma in human-CD27 transgenic mice.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that suboptimal T-cell invigoration in cancer patients undergoing treatment with PD-1 checkpoint blockers will be improved by dual PD-1 blockade and CD27 agonism and provide mechanistic insight into how these approaches cooperate for CD8+ T-cell activation. Clin Cancer Res; 24(10); 2383-94. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Buchan
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mohannad Fallatah
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vadim Y Taraban
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Rogel
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christine A Penfold
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Li-Zhen He
- Celldex Therapeutics Inc., Hampton, New Jersey
| | - Michael A Curran
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tibor Keler
- Celldex Therapeutics Inc., Hampton, New Jersey
| | - Aymen Al-Shamkhani
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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28
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Robert AW, Angulski ABB, Spangenberg L, Shigunov P, Pereira IT, Bettes PSL, Naya H, Correa A, Dallagiovanna B, Stimamiglio MA. Gene expression analysis of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells during the initial steps of in vitro osteogenesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4739. [PMID: 29549281 PMCID: PMC5856793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22991-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely studied with regard to their potential use in cell therapy protocols and regenerative medicine. However, a better comprehension about the factors and molecular mechanisms driving cell differentiation is now mandatory to improve our chance to manipulate MSC behavior and to benefit future applications. In this work, we aimed to study gene regulatory networks at an early step of osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, we analyzed both the total mRNA and the mRNA fraction associated with polysomes on human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) at 24 h of osteogenesis induction. The RNA-seq results evidenced that hASC fate is not compromised with osteogenesis at this time and that 21 days of continuous cell culture stimuli are necessary for full osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. Furthermore, early stages of osteogenesis induction involved gene regulation that was linked to the management of cell behavior in culture, such as the control of cell adhesion and proliferation. In conclusion, although discrete initial gene regulation related to osteogenesis occur, the first 24 h of induction is not sufficient to trigger and drive in vitro osteogenic differentiation of hASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny Waloski Robert
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Addeli Bez Batti Angulski
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Lucia Spangenberg
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur Montevideo. Mataojo 2020, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Patrícia Shigunov
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Isabela Tiemy Pereira
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil
| | | | - Hugo Naya
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur Montevideo. Mataojo 2020, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Alejandro Correa
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Bruno Dallagiovanna
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Marco Augusto Stimamiglio
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR, 81350-010, Brazil.
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29
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Hu YJ, Zhou Q, Li ZY, Feng D, Sun L, Shen YL, Huang WY. Renal proteomic analysis of RGC-32 knockout mice reveals the potential mechanism of RGC-32 in regulating cell cycle. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:847-856. [PMID: 29636874 PMCID: PMC5883125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the exact function of RGC-32 in kidney diseases and explore the potential mechanism of RGC-32 in regulating cell cycle. RGC-32 knockout (RGC-32-/-) mice were generated from C57BL/6 embryonic stem cells. Differentially expressed proteins in the kidney were investigated with the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique. Gene ontology analyses (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway mapping analysis and functional network analysis were also performed. The expressions of Smc3, Smad 2-3, DNA-PK were further confirmed by qPCR. Results showed that 4690 proteins were quantified on the basis of 25165 unique peptides. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed 361 differentially expressed proteins in RGC-32-/- mice (knockout/wild ratio >+/- 1.2 and P<0.05). GO and KEGG pathway mapping analyses showed differentially expressed proteins were involved in spliceosome, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, pathways in cancer, viral carcinogenesis, epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori infection, HTLV-I infection, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, Parkinson's disease, MAPK signaling pathway, carbon metabolism, Alzheimer's disease, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, tight junction, Proteoglycans in cancer, phagosome, ribosome, mTOR signaling pathway, and AMPK signaling pathway. Differentially expressed proteins Smc3 (0.821), DNA-PK (0.761), Smad 2-3 (0.631) were involved in cell cycle regulation. mRNA expression of Smad2-3, DNA-PK, and Smc3 was consistent with that from iTRAQ. It is concluded that RGC-32 may affect the expression of many proteins (76 up-regulated and 285 down-regulated) in the kidney, and may regulate the expression of Smc3, DNA-PK and Smad 2-3 to affect the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Hu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhu-Yin Li
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Yun-Lin Shen
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
| | - Wen-Yan Huang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062, China
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30
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Vlaicu SI, Tatomir A, Boodhoo D, Vesa S, Mircea PA, Rus H. The role of complement system in adipose tissue-related inflammation. Immunol Res 2017; 64:653-64. [PMID: 26754764 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-015-8783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As the common factor linking adipose tissue to the metabolic context of obesity, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis are associated with a low-grade chronic inflammatory status, to which the complement system is an important contributor. Adipose tissue synthesizes complement proteins and is a target of complement activation. C3a-desArg/acylation-stimulating protein stimulates lipogenesis and affects lipid metabolism. The C3a receptor and C5aR are involved in the development of adipocytes' insulin resistance through macrophage infiltration and the activation of adipose tissue. The terminal complement pathway has been found to be instrumental in promoting hyperglycemia-associated tissue damage, which is characteristic of the major vascular complications of diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis. As a mediator of the effects of the terminal complement complex C5b-9, RGC-32 has an impact on energy expenditure as well as lipid and glucose metabolic homeostasis. All of this evidence, taken together, indicates an important role for complement activation in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia I Vlaicu
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Stefan Vesa
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Petru A Mircea
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, BRB 12-033, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Veterans Administration Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Rus V, Nguyen V, Tatomir A, Lees JR, Mekala AP, Boodhoo D, Tegla CA, Luzina IG, Antony PA, Cudrici CD, Badea TC, Rus HG. RGC-32 Promotes Th17 Cell Differentiation and Enhances Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:3869-3877. [PMID: 28356385 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cells play a critical role in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Response gene to complement (RGC)-32 is a cell cycle regulator and a downstream target of TGF-β that mediates its profibrotic activity. In this study, we report that RGC-32 is preferentially upregulated during Th17 cell differentiation. RGC-32-/- mice have normal Th1, Th2, and regulatory T cell differentiation but show defective Th17 differentiation in vitro. The impaired Th17 differentiation is associated with defects in IFN regulatory factor 4, B cell-activating transcription factor, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt, and SMAD2 activation. In vivo, RGC-32-/- mice display an attenuated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis phenotype accompanied by decreased CNS inflammation and reduced frequency of IL-17- and GM-CSF-producing CD4+ T cells. Collectively, our results identify RGC-32 as a novel regulator of Th17 cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo and suggest that RGC-32 is a potential therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis and other Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Rus
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201; .,Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Alexandru Tatomir
- Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Jason R Lees
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Armugam P Mekala
- Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Cosmin A Tegla
- Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Irina G Luzina
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Paul A Antony
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Cornelia D Cudrici
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
| | - Tudor C Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Horea G Rus
- Research Service, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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Counts SE, Mufson EJ. Regulator of Cell Cycle (RGCC) Expression During the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:693-702. [PMID: 27938491 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x694184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Unscheduled cell cycle reentry of postmitotic neurons has been described in cases of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may form a basis for selective neuronal vulnerability during disease progression. In this regard, the multifunctional protein regulator of cell cycle (RGCC) has been implicated in driving G1/S and G2/M phase transitions through its interactions with cdc/cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (cdk1) and is induced by p53, which mediates apoptosis in neurons. We tested whether RGCC levels were dysregulated in frontal cortex samples obtained postmortem from subjects who died with a clinical diagnosis of no cognitive impairment (NCI), MCI, or AD. RGCC mRNA and protein levels were upregulated by ∼50%-60% in MCI and AD compared to NCI, and RGCC protein levels were associated with poorer antemortem global cognitive performance in the subjects examined. To test whether RGCC might regulate neuronal cell cycle reentry and apoptosis, we differentiated neuronotypic PC12 cultures with nerve growth factor (NGF) followed by NGF withdrawal to induce abortive cell cycle activation and cell death. Experimental reduction of RGCC levels increased cell survival and reduced levels of the cdk1 target cyclin B1. RGCC may be a candidate cell cycle target for neuroprotection during the onset of AD.
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Vlaicu SI, Tatomir A, Boodhoo D, Ito T, Fosbrink M, Cudrici C, Mekala AP, Ciriello J, Crişan D, Boţan E, Rus V, Rus H. RGC-32 is expressed in the human atherosclerotic arterial wall: Role in C5b-9-induced cell proliferation and migration. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 101:221-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Kruszewski AM, Rao G, Tatomir A, Hewes D, Tegla CA, Cudrici CD, Nguyen V, Royal W, Bever CT, Rus V, Rus H. RGC-32 as a potential biomarker of relapse and response to treatment with glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:498-505. [PMID: 26407760 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently there is critical need for the identification of reliable biomarkers to help guide clinical management of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. We investigated the combined roles of Response Gene to Complement 32 (RGC-32), FasL, CDC2, AKT, and IL-21 as possible biomarkers of relapse and response to glatiramer acetate (GA) treatment in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Over the course of 2 years, a cohort of 15 GA-treated RRMS patients was clinically monitored and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months. Target gene mRNA expression was measured in patients' isolated PBMCs by real-time qRT-PCR. Compared to stable MS patients, those with acute relapses exhibited decreased expression of RGC-32 (p<0.0001) and FasL (p<0.0001), increased expression of IL-21 (p=0.04), but no change in CDC2 or AKT. Compared to non-responders, responders to GA treatment showed increased expression of RGC-32 (p<0.0001) and FasL (p<0.0001), and decreased expression of IL-21 (p=0.02). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the predictive accuracy of each putative biomarker. The probability of accurately detecting relapse was 90% for RGC-32, 88% for FasL, and 75% for IL-21. The probability of accurately detecting response to GA was 85% for RGC-32, 90% for FasL, and 85% for IL-21. Our data suggest that RGC-32, FasL, and IL-21 could serve as potential biomarkers for the detection of MS relapse and response to GA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Kruszewski
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States
| | - Gautam Rao
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States
| | - Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States
| | - Daniel Hewes
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States
| | - Cosmin A Tegla
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States; Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, United States
| | - Cornelia D Cudrici
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States
| | - Vingh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States
| | - Walter Royal
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States; Veterans Administration Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence East, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher T Bever
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States; Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, United States; Veterans Administration Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence East, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Violeta Rus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States; Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, United States; Veterans Administration Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence East, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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