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Hernando-Calvo A, Vila-Casadesús M, Bareche Y, Gonzalez-Medina A, Abbas-Aghababazadeh F, Lo Giacco D, Martin A, Saavedra O, Brana I, Vieito M, Fasani R, Stagg J, Mancuso F, Haibe-Kains B, Han M, Berche R, Pugh TJ, Mirallas O, Jimenez J, Gonzalez NS, Valverde C, Muñoz-Couselo E, Suarez C, Diez M, Élez E, Capdevila J, Oaknin A, Saura C, Macarulla T, Galceran JC, Felip E, Dienstmann R, Bedard PL, Nuciforo P, Seoane J, Tabernero J, Garralda E, Vivancos A. A pan-cancer clinical platform to predict immunotherapy outcomes and prioritize immuno-oncology combinations in early-phase trials. MED 2023; 4:710-727.e5. [PMID: 37572657 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy is effective, but current biomarkers for patient selection have proven modest sensitivity. Here, we developed VIGex, an optimized gene signature based on the expression level of 12 genes involved in immune response with RNA sequencing. METHODS We implemented VIGex using the nCounter platform (Nanostring) on a large clinical cohort encompassing 909 tumor samples across 45 tumor types. VIGex was developed as a continuous variable, with cutoffs selected to detect three main categories (hot, intermediate-cold and cold) based on the different inflammatory status of the tumor microenvironment. FINDINGS Hot tumors had the highest VIGex scores and exhibited an increased abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as compared with the intermediate-cold and cold. VIGex scores varied depending on tumor origin and anatomic site of metastases, with liver metastases showing an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The predictive power of VIGex-Hot was observed in a cohort of 98 refractory solid tumor from patients treated in early-phase immunotherapy trials and its clinical performance was confirmed through an extensive metanalysis across 13 clinically annotated gene expression datasets from 877 patients treated with immunotherapy agents. Last, we generated a pan-cancer biomarker platform that integrates VIGex categories with the expression levels of immunotherapy targets under development in early-phase clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the clinical utility of VIGex as a tool to aid clinicians for patient selection and personalized immunotherapy interventions. FUNDING BBVA Foundation; 202-2021 Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology Fellowship award; Princess Margaret Cancer Center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Hernando-Calvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Yacine Bareche
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X0A9, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1J4, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Agatha Martin
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Omar Saavedra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Brana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Vieito
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberta Fasani
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Stagg
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X0A9, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1J4, Canada
| | | | - Benjamin Haibe-Kains
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S2E4, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada; Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON M5G1M1, Canada
| | - Ming Han
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada
| | - Roger Berche
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Oriol Mirallas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Jimenez
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nadia Saoudi Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Valverde
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Muñoz-Couselo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Suarez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Diez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Élez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Capdevila
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Saura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Macarulla
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Galceran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Philippe L Bedard
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Seoane
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Garralda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Vivancos
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
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Zhao LM, Shi AD, Yang Y, Liu ZL, Hu XQ, Shu LZ, Tang YC, Zhang ZL. Advances in molecular and cell therapy for immunotherapy of cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1140103. [PMID: 37064120 PMCID: PMC10090456 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1140103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant tumor of the hepatobiliary system that has failed to respond to many traditional therapies to a certain extent, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In recent years, the new therapeutic schemes based on immunology have fundamentally changed the systemic treatment of various malignant tumors to a certain extent. In view of the immunogenicity of CCA, during the occurrence and development of CCA, some immunosuppressive substances are released from cells and immunosuppressive microenvironment is formed to promote the escape immune response of its own cells, thus enhancing the malignancy of the tumor and reducing the sensitivity of the tumor to drugs. Some immunotherapy regimens for cholangiocarcinoma have produced good clinical effects. Immunotherapy has more precise characteristics and less adverse reactions compared with traditional treatment approaches. However, due to the unique immune characteristics of CCA, some patients with CCA may not benefit in the long term or not benefit at all after current immunotherapy. At present, the immunotherapy of CCA that have been clinically studied mainly include molecular therapy and cell therapy. In this article, we generalized and summarized the current status of immunotherapy strategies including molecular therapy and cell therapy in CCA in clinical studies, and we outlined our understanding of how to enhance the clinical application of these immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-ming Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - An-da Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Zeng-li Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Zhuang Shu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong-chang Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-chang Tang, ; Zong-li Zhang,
| | - Zong-li Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-chang Tang, ; Zong-li Zhang,
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Lv Y, Lu J, Liu X, Miao S, Mao X, Li B, Pei R, Xiang C. Histone deacetylase 1 regulates the malignancy of oral cancer cells via miR-154-5p/PCNA axis. Biol Chem 2021; 401:1273-1281. [PMID: 32549181 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) can regulate the progression of various cancers, while their roles in oral cancer cells are not well known. Our present study found that the HDAC1 was over expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and tissues. Targeted inhibition of HDAC1 via its specific inhibitor PCI24781 or siRNA can inhibit the proliferation of OSCC cells and increase their sensitivity to the chemo-sensitivity such as doxorubicin treatment. HDAC1 can regulate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) via decreasing its mRNA stability. While over expression of PCNA can attenuate HDAC1 inhibition induced suppression of cell proliferation. We checked the expression of various miRNAs which can target the 3'UTR of PCNA. Results showed that HDAC1 can negative regulate the expression of miR-154-5p, inhibitor of miR-154-5p can attenuate PCI24781 treatment decreased PCNA expression and cell proliferation. Collectively, our present study suggested that HDAC1 can promote the growth and progression of OSCC via regulation of miR-154-5p/PCNA signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjing Lv
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jinle Lu
- Department of Head and Neck Thyroid Surgery, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hebei, Cangzhou 061000, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Susheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xionghui Mao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Rong Pei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Cheng Xiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
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Gao Y, Guo W, Geng X, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Qiu B, Tan F, Xue Q, Gao S, He J. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in esophageal cancer: an updated meta-analysis of 30 studies with 5,122 patients. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:822. [PMID: 32793667 PMCID: PMC7396260 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The prognostic role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in esophageal cancer (EC) patients is controversial; therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to obtain a consensus. Methods The PubMed, PubMed Central, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed effect or random effect models depending on the heterogeneity. Results A total of 30 articles comprising 5,122 patients were included in this meta-analysis. High levels of generalized TIL infiltration were associated with better overall survival (OS) (HR =0.67, 95% CI: 0.47–0.95, P=0.02) in EC patients. High CD8+ T-cell infiltration and high CD4+ T-cell infiltration were associated with better OS (HR =0.68, 95% CI: 0.60–0.78, P<0.001; HR =0.70, 95% CI: 0.57–0.85, P<0.001, respectively). However, the pooled results showed that neither CD3+ nor FOXP3+ T-cell infiltration were associated with patient survival (P>0.05). Moreover, for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), high CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration in the TN (Tumor nest) or TS (Tumor stroma) significantly predicted better OS (pooled HR =0.70, 95% CI: 0.57–0.85; P=0.001; pooled HR =0.77, 95% CI: 0.65–0.91; P=0.003). Conclusions High levels of generalized TILs, high CD8+ T-cell infiltration and high CD4+ T-cell infiltration have the potential to serve as prognostic markers in EC patients. Moreover, high CD8+ TIL in TNs or TS can predict better OS in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yidong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Center for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hao J, Li M, Zhang T, Yu H, Liu Y, Xue Y, An R, Wang S. Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Differs Depending on Lymphocyte Subsets in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:614. [PMID: 32411602 PMCID: PMC7198736 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a role in the anti-tumor immune response, and are often found in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, aiming to establish pooled estimates for survival outcomes of TILs based on their abundance and infiltrating location. A literature search of PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies that investigated the prognostic significance of generalized, CD8+, CD4+, FoxP3+, CD3+, and CD45O+ TILs in ESCC patients were included. Results: In pooled analysis, generalized TILs infiltrating the entire tumor mass were positively associated with disease-free survival (DFS), with a univariate-related hazard ratio (HR) of 0.630 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.415-0.955], and also positively associated with overall survival (OS), with a univariate-related HR of 0.586 (0.447-0.770) and a multivariate-related HR of 0.621 (0.439-0.878). The pan-tumor, intra-tumor and peri-tumor CD8+ TILs had a favorable effect on OS, with univariate-related HRs of 0.733 (0.555-0.968), 0.797 (0.660-0.962), and 0.776 (0.635-0.948), respectively. Similar results were observed in CD8+ TILs that infiltrated the whole tumor mass, with a multivariate-related HR of 0.705 (0.524-0.947). CD4+, FoxP3+, CD3+, and CD45O+ TILs were not linked to DFS or OS. Subtypes and spatial locations of TILs seemed to influence study outcomes. Conclusions: Experimental and analytical methods of future studies should be carefully designed to avoid overestimating the effect of TILs on prognosis. Our meta-analysis confirms the prognostic efficacy of generalized TILs and CD8+ TILs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatao Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,General Department, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Li
- Neurology Department, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Taohong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruifang An
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Loeuillard E, Conboy CB, Gores GJ, Rizvi S. Immunobiology of cholangiocarcinoma. JHEP Rep 2019; 1:297-311. [PMID: 32039381 PMCID: PMC7001542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) represents a heterogeneous group of epithelial tumours that are classified according to anatomical location as intrahepatic (iCCA), perihilar (pCCA), or distal (dCCA). Although surgical resection and liver transplantation following neoadjuvant therapy are potentially curative options for a subset of patients with early-stage disease, the currently available medical therapies for CCA have limited efficacy. Immunotherapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) harness the host immune system to unleash an effective and durable antitumour response in a subset of patients with a variety of malignancies. However, response to ICB monotherapy has been relatively disappointing in CCA. CCAs are desmoplastic tumours with an abundant tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) that contains immunosuppressive innate immune cells such as tumour-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. A subset of CCAs may be classified as immune 'hot' tumours with a high density of CD8+ T cells and enhanced expression of immune checkpoint molecules. Immune 'hot' tumour types are associated with higher response rates to ICB. However, the suboptimal response rates to ICB monotherapy in human clinical trials of CCA imply that the preponderance of CCAs are immune 'cold' tumours with a non-T cell infiltrated TIME. An enhanced comprehension of the immunobiology of CCA, particularly the innate immune response to CCA, is essential in the effort to develop effective combination immunotherapeutic strategies that can target a larger subset of CCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilien Loeuillard
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Gregory J. Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sumera Rizvi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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de Andrade Mello P, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. Multifaceted Effects of Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate and Adenosine in the Tumor-Host Interaction and Therapeutic Perspectives. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1526. [PMID: 29184552 PMCID: PMC5694450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the world's most pressing health-care challenges, leading to a high number of deaths worldwide. Immunotherapy is a new developing therapy that boosts patient's immune system to fight cancer by modifying tumor-immune cells interaction in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) and adenosine (Ado) are signaling molecules released in the TME that act as modulators of both immune and tumor cell responses. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate and Ado activate purinergic type 2 (P2) and type 1 (P1) receptors, respectively, triggering the so-called purinergic signaling. The concentration of eATP and Ado within the TME is tightly controlled by several cell-surface ectonucleotidases, such as CD39 and CD73, the major ecto-enzymes expressed in cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and vasculature, being CD73 also expressed on tumor-associated fibroblasts. Once accumulated in the TME, eATP boosts antitumor immune response, while Ado attenuates or suppresses immunity against the tumor. In addition, both molecules can mediate growth stimulation or inhibition of the tumor, depending on the specific receptor activated. Therefore, purinergic signaling is able to modulate both tumor and immune cells behavior and, consequently, the tumor-host interaction and disease progression. In this review, we discuss the role of purinergic signaling in the host-tumor interaction detailing the multifaceted effects of eATP and Ado in the inflammatory TME. Moreover, we present recent findings into the application of purinergic-targeting therapy as a potential novel option to boost antitumor immune responses in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola de Andrade Mello
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ibana JA, Cutay SJ, Romero M, Schust DJ. Parallel Expression of Enzyme Inhibitors of CD8T Cell Activity in Tumor Microenvironments and Secretory Endometrium. Reprod Sci 2015; 23:289-301. [PMID: 26335176 DOI: 10.1177/1933719115602762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The divergent requirement for tolerance to support conception and protective response against sexually transmitted infections defines the unique immunological dynamics in the female reproductive tract (FRT). In part, these requirements are achieved by the cyclic modulation of cytolytic CD8T cell function in the FRT that underlie the respective immunosuppressive and immunocompetent milieus during the secretory and proliferative phases of the menstrual cycle. The CD8T cell function can be dampened by exposure to indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and/or arginase enzymes. Indeed, these 2 enzymes are known as primary inducers of immune suppression in tumor microenvironments. This review discusses the intriguing parallel expression of these 2 enzymes in tumor microenvironments and in the secretory endometrium. We surmise that investigating the underlying natural mechanisms that suppress and restore the immunocompetence of CD8T cells in the FRT each month may provide valuable insights into ways to artificially recapitulate these mechanisms and inhibit immune suppression in tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce A Ibana
- Immunopharmacology Research Laboratory, Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Sandra Jelyn Cutay
- Immunopharmacology Research Laboratory, Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Maevel Romero
- Immunopharmacology Research Laboratory, Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Danny Joseph Schust
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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9
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Ward LS. Immune response in thyroid cancer: widening the boundaries. SCIENTIFICA 2014; 2014:125450. [PMID: 25328756 PMCID: PMC4190695 DOI: 10.1155/2014/125450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The association between thyroid cancer and thyroid inflammation has been repeatedly reported and highly debated in the literature. In fact, both molecular and epidemiological data suggest that these diseases are closely related and this association reinforces that the immune system is important for thyroid cancer progression. Innate immunity is the first line of defensive response. Unlike innate immune responses, adaptive responses are highly specific to the particular antigen that induced them. Both branches of the immune system may interact in antitumor immune response. Major effector cells of the immune system that directly target thyroid cancer cells include dendritic cells, macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, mast cells, and lymphocytes. A mixture of immune cells may infiltrate thyroid cancer microenvironment and the balance of protumor and antitumor activity of these cells may be associated with prognosis. Herein, we describe some evidences that immune response may be important for thyroid cancer progression and may help us identify more aggressive tumors, sparing the vast majority of patients from costly unnecessary invasive procedures. The future trend in thyroid cancer is an individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sterian Ward
- Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Barão Geraldo,
13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
- *Laura Sterian Ward:
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10
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López-Muñoz H, Escobar-Sánchez ML, López-Marure R, Lascurain-Ledesma R, Zenteno E, Hernández-Vazquez JMV, Weiss-Steider B, Sánchez-Sánchez L. Cervical cancer cells induce apoptosis in TCD4+ lymphocytes through the secretion of TGF-β. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012. [PMID: 23179798 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-012-2621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor cells are known to secrete cytokines that modify their microenvironment in order to favor their survival and continuous proliferation. In this work, we evaluated if TGF-β secreted in vitro by cervical cancer cells could interfere with the proliferation and survival of lymphocytes. METHODS Lymphocytes were obtained from peripheral blood of healthy human volunteers, and isolated by density gradient centrifugation and cultured in 96-well plates. Lymphocyte proliferation was induced with phytohemaglutinin and co-cultured with conditioned media (CM) from cervical cancer cell lines, and the inhibition of proliferation was evaluated after 72 h by the incorporated radioactivity and a CFSE-labeling assay. TGF-β quantification on these CM was evaluated by ELISA. Non-apoptotic cellular death was evaluated through disruption of cell membrane integrity by measuring the liberation of lactate dehydrogenase. The apoptosis process was evaluated by annexin-V and active caspase-3. The presence of CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry using specific antibodies. RESULTS It was found that the conditioned media from these cells significantly inhibited the proliferation of lymphocytes and induced them to go into apoptosis. Antibodies against TGF-β almost completely blocked this activity, suggesting that this cytokine is responsible for the inhibitory activity. When the induced apoptosis on subpopulations of lymphocytes was evaluated, it was detected that the CD4+ cells were specifically targeted. CONCLUSIONS Cervical cancer cells secrete TGF-β that inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and induces apoptosis in CD4+, but not in CD8+ lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo López-Muñoz
- Unidad de Investigación en Diferenciación Celular y Cáncer, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 09230 Mexico DF, Mexico.
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11
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Wieërs G, Demotte N, Godelaine D, van der Bruggen P. Immune suppression in tumors as a surmountable obstacle to clinical efficacy of cancer vaccines. Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:2904-54. [PMID: 24212939 PMCID: PMC3759179 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3032904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tumors are usually not spontaneously eliminated by the immune system and therapeutic vaccination of cancer patients with defined antigens is followed by tumor regressions only in a small minority of the patients. The poor vaccination effectiveness could be explained by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Because T cells that infiltrate tumor metastases have an impaired ability to lyse target cells or to secrete cytokine, many researchers are trying to decipher the underlying immunosuppressive mechanisms. We will review these here, in particular those considered as potential therapeutic targets. A special attention will be given to galectins, a family of carbohydrate binding proteins. These lectins have often been implicated in inflammation and cancer and may be useful targets for the development of new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Wieërs
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, 74 av. Hippocrate, P.O. Box B1-7403, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mails: (G.W.); (N.D.); (D.G.)
| | - Nathalie Demotte
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, 74 av. Hippocrate, P.O. Box B1-7403, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mails: (G.W.); (N.D.); (D.G.)
| | - Danièle Godelaine
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, 74 av. Hippocrate, P.O. Box B1-7403, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mails: (G.W.); (N.D.); (D.G.)
| | - Pierre van der Bruggen
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, 74 av. Hippocrate, P.O. Box B1-7403, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mails: (G.W.); (N.D.); (D.G.)
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12
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Chen LJ, Sun J, Wu HY, Zhou SM, Tan Y, Tan M, Shan BE, Lu BF, Zhang XG. B7-H4 expression associates with cancer progression and predicts patient's survival in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1047-55. [PMID: 21519829 PMCID: PMC11029661 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective cohort study including 112 patients suffering from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was performed to investigate the expression of B7-H4 in ESCC and determine its association with patient's clinicopathological parameters and survival. Expression levels of B7-H4 on tumor cells and densities of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the surgical specimens of ESCC tissues were characterized using immunohistochemical assays. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic value of B7-H4 expression levels and densities of TILs in tumor sections. Positive B7-H4 immunostaining was observed in 107 of 112 (95.5%) of ESCC tissue sections. We further divided all patients into two major subgroups, a lower B7-H4 expression group with 46 patients and a higher B7-H4 expression group with 66 patients. We found that expression levels of B7-H4 on tumor cells were significantly correlated with patient's gender (P = 0.0288), distant metastasis (P = 0.0500), and TNM stage (P = 0.0258). Moreover, tumor cell B7-H4 expression was inversely correlated with densities of CD3(+) T cells in tumor nest (P = 0.0424) and CD8(+) T cells in tumor stroma (P = 0.0229). The overall survival rate of the patients with higher B7-H4 expression was significantly worse than that of the patients with lower B7-H4 expression (P = 0.0105, Hazard Ratio: 1.854, 95%CI:1.152-2.902). Markers of cell-mediated immune responses such as CD3, CD8, and T-bet were associated with better patient survival. The present study demonstrated that B7-H4 expression in human ESCC is associated with cancer progression, reduced tumor immunosurveillance and worse patient outcomes. B7-H4 can serve as a novel prognostic predictor for human ESCC and a potential target for the immune therapy against this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-jun Chen
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Medical College of Suzhou University, 708 Renmin Road, 215007 Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Medical College of Suzhou University, 708 Renmin Road, 215007 Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Hong-ya Wu
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Shu-ming Zhou
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, Yixing Tumor Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Ming Tan
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, Yixing Tumor Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu China
| | - Bao-en Shan
- Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei China
| | - Bin-feng Lu
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Xue-guang Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Medical College of Suzhou University, 708 Renmin Road, 215007 Suzhou, Jiangsu China
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13
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Mallick S, Agarwal J, Kannan S, Pawar S, Kane S, Teni T. PCNA and anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 proteins predict disease-free survival in oral cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy. Oral Oncol 2010; 46:688-93. [PMID: 20729132 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
At our laboratory, we recently observed cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins Myeloid Cell Leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) to be altered in oral tumours/cell lines. The present study aimed to evaluate the above proteins for predicting response and outcome in oral cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy. Pre-treatment oral cancer biopsy samples from 39 patients were examined for Mcl-1 and PCNA proteins using immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinico-pathological variables using disease-free survival (DFS) as the primary endpoint. We observed high expression of Mcl-1 in older versus younger patients (p=0.013) and in tobacco chewers+/-alcohol versus smokers+/-alcohol (p=0.037); and PCNA in node-positive versus node-negative tumours (p=0.037). On univariate analysis, high PCNA (p=0.007), Mcl-1 (p=0.050), node positivity (p=0.040) and co-expression of PCNA and Mcl-1 (p=0.008), had a significant impact on DFS. On multivariate analysis, low PCNA/Mcl-1 (p=0.006) co-expressing tumours were associated with improved DFS. Thus our study suggests that in patients undergoing primary radiotherapy, PCNA could be of potential predictive value to identify patients with risk of nodal metastases and in combination with Mcl-1 may have potential prognostic value to differentiate patients with poor DFS. These markers may be used for future trial patients requiring radiotherapy for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Mallick
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
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14
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Prestwich RJ, Errington F, Hatfield P, Merrick AE, Ilett EJ, Selby PJ, Melcher AA. The immune system--is it relevant to cancer development, progression and treatment? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2007; 20:101-12. [PMID: 18037277 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2007.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability of the immune system to effectively respond to human tumours is a matter of long-term controversy. There is an increasing body of recent evidence to support a role for the immune system in eliminating pre-clinical cancers, an old concept termed 'immunosurveillance'. 'Immunoediting' is an updated hypothesis, in which selection pressures applied by the immune response to tumours modulate tumour immunogenicity and growth. Tumour infiltration by immune cells has been shown to have powerful prognostic significance in a host of cancer types. Paradoxically, in some circumstances the immune system can promote tumour development. Cytotoxic therapies, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy, induce potentially immunogenic cell death, releasing tumour-associated antigens in the context of a 'danger' signal to the immune system. An understanding of the interaction between immune cells, tumour cells and treatment modalities will therefore guide the future combination of immunotherapy with conventional therapy to achieve optimal anti-tumour effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Prestwich
- Cancer Research UK, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
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15
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Friedl J, Riss S, Stift A. Is immunotherapy a reasonable approach for the treatment of esophageal cancer? Eur Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-007-0334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Abstract
Cancer immune surveillance is considered to be an important host protection process to inhibit carcinogenesis and to maintain cellular homeostasis. In the interaction of host and tumour cells, three essential phases have been proposed: elimination, equilibrium and escape, which are designated the 'three E's'. Several immune effector cells and secreted cytokines play a critical role in pursuing each process. Nascent transformed cells can initially be eliminated by an innate immune response such as by natural killer cells. During tumour progression, even though an adaptive immune response can be provoked by antigen-specific T cells, immune selection produces tumour cell variants that lose major histocompatibility complex class I and II antigens and decreases amounts of tumour antigens in the equilibrium phase. Furthermore, tumour-derived soluble factors facilitate the escape from immune attack, allowing progression and metastasis. In this review, the central roles of effector cells and cytokines in tumour immunity, and the escape mechanisms of tumour cells during tumour progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryungsa Kim
- International Radiation Information Centre, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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17
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Kim R, Emi M, Tanabe K. Cancer immunoediting from immune surveillance to immune escape. Immunology 2007. [PMID: 17386080 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2007.02587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immune surveillance is considered to be an important host protection process to inhibit carcinogenesis and to maintain cellular homeostasis. In the interaction of host and tumour cells, three essential phases have been proposed: elimination, equilibrium and escape, which are designated the 'three E's'. Several immune effector cells and secreted cytokines play a critical role in pursuing each process. Nascent transformed cells can initially be eliminated by an innate immune response such as by natural killer cells. During tumour progression, even though an adaptive immune response can be provoked by antigen-specific T cells, immune selection produces tumour cell variants that lose major histocompatibility complex class I and II antigens and decreases amounts of tumour antigens in the equilibrium phase. Furthermore, tumour-derived soluble factors facilitate the escape from immune attack, allowing progression and metastasis. In this review, the central roles of effector cells and cytokines in tumour immunity, and the escape mechanisms of tumour cells during tumour progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryungsa Kim
- International Radiation Information Centre, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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18
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Zhang WG, Wu QM, Yu JP, Tong Q, Xie GJ, Wang XH, Li SB. Adenovirus expressing p27 kip1 suppresses growth of established esophageal carcinoma xenografts. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:6582-6. [PMID: 16425348 PMCID: PMC4355748 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i42.6582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the growth suppression of ade-novirus expressing p27kip1 on established esophageal tumors in nude mice.
METHODS: Esophageal carcinoma xenografts in nude mice were established by tumor tissue mass transplantation. The successfully constructed reco-mbinant adenoviral vectors carrying p27kip1 gene (Ad-p27kip1) were directly injected into the esophageal tumors in nude mice. Compared to control group, the growth curve of tumor was drawn and the growth inhibition rate of tumor was calculated. The histology of tumors was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of p27kip1 and survivin was detected in tumors by immunohistochemical technique.
RESULTS: The growth of tumors in gene therapy group with Ad-p27kip1 was obviously suppressed compared to control group (0.42±0.08 g vs 1.17±0.30 g, t=6.39, P<0.01), the inhibition rate of tumor growth reached 64.1%. Pathological detection showed that the tumors in nude mice were poorly differentiated esophageal squamous carcinoma. In addition, the expression of p27kip1 was increased, while the expression of survivin was decreased in tumors after being transfected with Ad-p27kip1.
CONCLUSION: p27kip1 gene therapy mediated by adenovirus vector has a significant inhibitory effect on esophageal carcinoma in vivo. Up-regulated p27kip1 expression and down-regulated survivin expression may be its important mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guo Zhang
- Digestive Department, Taihe Hospital, Yunyang Medical College, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
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19
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N/A, 张 林, 李 海, 李 玉, 武 欣, 范 婕, 左 东, 王 淑. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2005; 13:1909-1912. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v13.i15.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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20
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Zhu SC, Li R, Wang YX, Feng W, Li J, Qiu R. Impact of simultaneous assay, the PCNA, cyclinD1, and DNA content with specimens before and after preoperative radiotherapy on prognosis of esophageal cancer-possible incorporation into clinical TNM staging system. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:3823-9. [PMID: 15991276 PMCID: PMC4504879 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i25.3823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: The aim of the present study is to use immunohisto-chemical methods to investigate the clinical implications of tumor markers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and evaluate their impact on prognosis.
METHODS: From November 1990 to December 1996, 47 patients were treated with preoperative radiation followed by radical esophagectomy. All patients were confirmed pathologically as suffering from squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical stain was done for PCNA, cyclinD1 protein expression and DNA content analyzed by image cytometry. Kaplan-Meier method for single prognostic factor and log-rank test was used to test the significant difference. Cox stepwise regression model and prognosis index model were used for survival analysis with multiple prognostic factors.
RESULTS: Radio-pathological change, T stage and N stage, as the traditional prognostic factors had statistical difference in 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates. While, tumor cell proliferating marked PCNA, cyclinD1 and DNA content served as independent prognostic factors of esophageal carcinoma. There was definitely an identity between the single and multiple factor analyses. PI was more accurate to evaluate the prognosis of esophageal carcinoma.
CONCLUSION: It is possible that tumor cell proliferating marked PCNA, cyclinD1 and DNA content would become the endpoints for evaluating the prognosis of esophageal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chai Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Jiankanglu 12, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China.
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Zhang WG, Yu JP, Wu QM, Tong Q, Li SB, Wang XH, Xie GJ. Inhibitory effect of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway on proliferation of esophageal carcinoma cells. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:2779-84. [PMID: 15334669 PMCID: PMC4572101 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i19.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) on proliferation of esophageal carcinoma cells.
METHODS: Esophageal carcinoma cell strain EC9706 was treated with MG-132 to inhibit its UPP specificity. Cell growth suppression was evaluated with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. DNA synthesis was evaluated by 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation. Morphologic changes of cells were observed under microscope. Activity of telomerase was examined by telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) of PCR-ELISA. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). DNA fragment analysis was used to confirm the presence of apoptosis. Expression of p27kip1 was detected by immunocytochemical technique.
RESULTS: After exposed to MG-132, the growth and value of 3H-TdR incorporation of EC9706 cells were obviously inhibited. Cells became round, small and exfoliative under microscope. TRAP PCR-ELISA showed that light absorption of cells gradually decreased after exposed to 5 μmol/L of MG-132 for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h (P < 0.01). The percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase was increased and that at S and G2/M was decreased (P < 0.01). The rate of apoptotic cells treated with 5 μmol/L of MG-132 for 48 and 96 h was 31.7% and 66.4%, respectively. Agarose electrophoresis showed marked ladders. In addition, the positive signals of p27kip1 were located in cytoplasm and nuclei in MG-132 group in contrast to cytoplasm staining in control group.
CONCLUSION: MG-132 can obviously inhibit proliferation of EC9706 cells and induce apoptosis. The mechanisms include upregulation of p27kip1 expression, G1 arrest and depression of telomerase activity. The results indicate that inhibiting UPP is a novel strategy for esophageal carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guo Zhang
- Digestive Department, Taihe Hospital, Yunyang Medical College, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China.
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Wu QM, Yu JP, Tong Q, Wang XH, Xie GJ. Inhibition of adenovirus-mediated p27kip1 gene on growth of esophageal carcinoma cell strain. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:2404-8. [PMID: 14606065 PMCID: PMC4656510 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i11.2404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the inhibition of p27kip1 gene on the growth of esophageal carcinoma cell strain (EC9706).
METHODS: Recombinant adenovirus Ad-p27kip1 was constructed and transfected into esophageal carcinoma cell EC-9706, and its effect on p27kip1 expression, the growth of esophageal carcinoma cell, DNA replication, protein synthesis, cell multiplication and apoptosis were explored by means of cell growth count, 3H-TdR, 3H-Leucine incorporation, flow cytometry, DNA fragment analysis and TUNEL.
RESULTS: Recombinant adenovirus Ad-p27kip1 was successfully constructed with a virus titer of 1.24 × 1012 pfu/mL. p27kip protein expression increased markedly after EC-9706 transfection, while incorporation quantity of 3H-TdR and 3H-Leucine decreased significantly. The growth of esophageal carcinoma cell was inhibited obviously. Testing of flow cytometry displayed a typical apoptosis peak, and DNA gel electrophoresis showed a typical apoptosis ladder. TUNEL showed the apoptosis rate of Ad-p27kip1 group and control group to be 37.3% and 1.26% (P < 0.001) respectively.
CONCLUSION: Ad-p27kip1 can inhibit the growth and multiplication of esophageal carcinoma cells and induce apoptosis. Therefore, enhanced p27kip1 expression may be a new way to treat esophageal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ming Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, China.
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Zhang WG, Wu QM, Tong Q, Yu JP. Inhibitory effect of p27kip1 mediated by adenovirus on model of esophageal carcinoma in nude mice. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2003; 11:512-516. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v11.i5.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the inhibitory effect of p27kip1 mediated by adenovirus vector on esophageal carcinoma in vivo.
METHODS Eca109 cells were injected into the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice to establish tumors. The transplanted tumors were reproduced among the nude mice contionually after original grafts grew well. The model of esophageal carcinoma in nude mice was established by transplanting the tumor tissue mass into the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice .The successful constructed recombinant adenoviral vector carrying p27kip1 gene and LacZ recombinant adenovirus were directly injected into the esophageal tumors in nude mice respectively. Compared with control group, the growth curves of tumor were drawed and the growth inhibition rates of tumor were calculated.
RESULTS The growth of tumors in gene therapy group with p27kip1 was obviously suppressed, which had a significant difference compared with control group (P < 0.001). The growth inhibition rate of tumor reached 64.1%.
CONCLUSION p27kip1 gene therapy mediated by adenovirus vector has significant inhibitory effect on esophageal carcinoma in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Taihe Hospital, Yunyang Medical College, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing-Ming Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Taihe Hospital, Yunyang Medical College, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiang Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Taihe Hospital, Yunyang Medical College, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jie-Ping Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
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Nozoe T, Korenaga D, Futatsugi M, Saeki H, Ohga T, Sugimachi K. Cyclin A expression in superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and coexisting infiltrated lymphocyte follicle. Cancer Lett 2002; 188:221-9. [PMID: 12406568 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin A is a protein kinase to act a pivotal role in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. The purpose of the current study was to elucidate the biological significance of immunohistochemical expression of cyclin A in superficial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus. Immunohistochemical staining of cyclin A was performed for 45 samples of esophageal superficial SCCs. Clinicopathological features were compared between SCCs with and without cyclin A expression. Twenty-five superficial SCCs (55.6%) had positive expression of cyclin A and the other 20 (44.4%) did not. No significant difference regarding clinicopathological characteristics between esophageal SCCs with and without cyclin A expression. Infiltration of lymphocytes with germinal center cells was observed beneath 17 (68.0%) out of 25 superficial SCCs with cyclin A expression and 15 (75.0%) out of 20 superficial SCCs without cyclin A expression. Although 16 (94.1%) out of 17 superficial SCCs with cyclin A expression were associated with cyclin A expression in germinal center cells in infiltrated lymphoid follicles beneath the tumors, only 2 (13.3%) out of 15 superficial SCCs without cyclin A expression coexisted with cyclin A expression in lymphoid follicles beneath the tumors (P<0.0001). Cyclin A expression in the germinal center cells of the lymphoid follicles beneath the superficial SCCs of the esophagus might be an immunological signal toward the proliferation and progression of the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Nozoe
- Department of General Surgery, Fukuoka Dental College Hospital, 814-0193, Fukuoka, Japan.
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