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Sun H, Cui H, Sun Q, Li Y, Bai T, Wang K, Zhang J, Tian Y, Wang J. Individual large-scale functional network mapping for major depressive disorder with electroconvulsive therapy. J Affect Disord 2024; 360:S0165-0327(24)00885-1. [PMID: 38821362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Personalized functional connectivity mapping has been demonstrated to be promising in identifying underlying neurophysiological basis for brain disorders and treatment effects. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been proved to be an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) while its active mechanisms remain unclear. Here, 46 MDD patients before and after ECT as well as 46 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans. A spatially regularized form of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was used to accurately identify functional networks (FNs) in individuals to map individual-level static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) to reveal the underlying neurophysiological basis of therepetical effects of ECT for MDD. Moreover, these static and dynamic FNCs were used as features to predict the clinical treatment outcomes for MDD patients. We found that ECT could modulate both static and dynamic large-scale FNCs at individual level in MDD patients, and dynamic FNCs were closely associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Importantly, we found that individual FNCs, particularly the individual dynamic FNCs could better predict the treatment outcomes of ECT suggesting that dynamic functional connectivity analysis may be better to link brain functional characteristics with clinical symptoms and treatment outcomes. Taken together, our findings provide new evidence for the active mechanisms and biomarkers for ECT to improve diagnostic accuracy and to guide individual treatment selection for MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hongjie Cui
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qinyao Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Tongjian Bai
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China.
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Poyo Solanas M, Zhan M, de Gelder B. Ultrahigh Field fMRI Reveals Different Roles of the Temporal and Frontoparietal Cortices in Subjective Awareness. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0425232023. [PMID: 38531633 PMCID: PMC11097282 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0425-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A central question in consciousness theories is whether one is dealing with a dichotomous ("all-or-none") or a gradual phenomenon. In this 7T fMRI study, we investigated whether dichotomy or gradualness in fact depends on the brain region associated with perceptual awareness reports. Both male and female human subjects performed an emotion discrimination task (fear vs neutral bodies) presented under continuous flash suppression with trial-based perceptual awareness measures. Behaviorally, recognition sensitivity increased linearly with increased stimuli awareness and was at chance level during perceptual unawareness. Physiologically, threat stimuli triggered a slower heart rate than neutral ones during "almost clear" stimulus experience, indicating freezing behavior. Brain results showed that activity in the occipitotemporal, parietal, and frontal regions as well as in the amygdala increased with increased stimulus awareness while early visual areas showed the opposite pattern. The relationship between temporal area activity and perceptual awareness best fitted a gradual model while the activity in frontoparietal areas fitted a dichotomous model. Furthermore, our findings illustrate that specific experimental decisions, such as stimulus type or the approach used to evaluate awareness, play pivotal roles in consciousness studies and warrant careful consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Poyo Solanas
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 EV, The Netherlands
| | - Minye Zhan
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 EV, The Netherlands
| | - Beatrice de Gelder
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 EV, The Netherlands
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Thanaraju A, Marzuki AA, Chan JK, Wong KY, Phon-Amnuaisuk P, Vafa S, Chew J, Chia YC, Jenkins M. Structural and functional brain correlates of socioeconomic status across the life span: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105716. [PMID: 38729281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
It is well-established that higher socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with improved brain health. However, the effects of SES across different life stages on brain structure and function is still equivocal. In this systematic review, we aimed to synthesise findings from life course neuroimaging studies that investigated the structural and functional brain correlates of SES across the life span. The results indicated that higher SES across different life stages were independently and cumulatively related to neural outcomes typically reflective of greater brain health (e.g., increased cortical thickness, grey matter volume, fractional anisotropy, and network segregation) in adult individuals. The results also demonstrated that the corticolimbic system was most commonly impacted by socioeconomic disadvantages across the life span. This review highlights the importance of taking into account SES across the life span when studying its effects on brain health. It also provides directions for future research including the need for longitudinal and multimodal research that can inform effective policy interventions tailored to specific life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Thanaraju
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia.
| | - Aleya A Marzuki
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jee Kei Chan
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Kean Yung Wong
- Sensory Neuroscience and Nutrition Lab, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Paveen Phon-Amnuaisuk
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Samira Vafa
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Jactty Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Yook Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Michael Jenkins
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
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Macoveanu J, Fortea L, Kjærstad HL, Coello K, Faurholt-Jepsen M, Fisher PM, Knudsen GM, Radua J, Vieta E, Frangou S, Vinberg M, Kessing LV, Miskowiak KW. Longitudinal changes in resting-state functional connectivity as markers of vulnerability or resilience in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38634498 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a significant contribution of genetic factors to the etiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Unaffected first-degree relatives of patients (UR) with BD are at increased risk of developing mental disorders and may manifest cognitive impairments and alterations in brain functional and connective dynamics, akin to their affected relatives. METHODS In this prospective longitudinal study, resting-state functional connectivity was used to explore stable and progressive markers of vulnerability i.e. abnormalities shared between UR and BD compared to healthy controls (HC) and resilience i.e. features unique to UR compared to HC and BD in full or partial remission (UR n = 72, mean age = 28.0 ± 7.2 years; HC n = 64, mean age = 30.0 ± 9.7 years; BD patients n = 91, mean age = 30.6 ± 7.7 years). Out of these, 34 UR, 48 BD, and 38 HC were investigated again following a mean time of 1.3 ± 0.4 years. RESULTS At baseline, the UR showed lower connectivity values within the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network, and the salience network (SN) compared to HC. This connectivity pattern in UR remained stable over the follow-up period and was not present in BD, suggesting a resilience trait. The UR further demonstrated less negative connectivity between the DMN and SN compared to HC, abnormality that remained stable over time and was also present in BD, suggesting a vulnerability marker. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate the coexistence of both vulnerability-related abnormalities in resting-state connectivity, as well as adaptive changes possibly promoting resilience to psychopathology in individual at familial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Macoveanu
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocogntion and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hanne Lie Kjærstad
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocogntion and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klara Coello
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Faurholt-Jepsen
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick M Fisher
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Moos Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacisón Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacisón Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, US
| | - Maj Vinberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Early Multimodular Prevention and Intervention Research Institution (EMPIRI), Psychiatric Center Northern Zealand, Denmark
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurocogntion and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Keskin-Gokcelli D, Kizilates-Evin G, Eroglu-Koc S, Oguz K, Eraslan C, Kitis O, Gonul AS. The effect of emotional faces on reward-related probability learning in depressed patients. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:184-193. [PMID: 38286231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing research indicates that individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) exhibit a bias toward salient negative stimuli. However, the impact of such biased stimuli on concurrent cognitive and affective processes in individuals with depression remains inadequately understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of salient environmental stimuli, specifically emotional faces, on reward-associated processes in MDD. METHODS Thirty-three patients with recurrent MDD and thirty-two healthy controls (HC) matched for age, sex, and education were included in the study. We used a reward-related associative learning (RRAL) task primed with emotional (happy, sad, neutral) faces to investigate the effect of salient stimuli on reward-related learning and decision-making in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants were instructed to ignore emotional faces during the task. The fMRI data were analyzed using a full-factorial general linear model (GLM) in Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM12). RESULTS In depressed patients, cues primed with sad faces were associated with reduced amygdala activation. However, both HC and MDD group exhibited reduced ventral striatal activity while learning reward-related cues and receiving rewards. LIMITATIONS The patients'medication usage was not standardized. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the functional alteration of the amygdala in response to cognitive tasks presented with negative emotionally salient stimuli in the environment of MDD patients. The observed alterations in amygdala activity suggest potential interconnected effects with other regions of the prefrontal cortex. Understanding the intricate neural connections and their disruptions in depression is crucial for unraveling the complex pathophysiology of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Keskin-Gokcelli
- SoCAT Lab, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gozde Kizilates-Evin
- SoCAT Lab, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Laboratory, Neuroimaging Unit, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Eroglu-Koc
- SoCAT Lab, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kaya Oguz
- SoCAT Lab, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Computer Engineering, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cenk Eraslan
- SoCAT Lab, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Omer Kitis
- SoCAT Lab, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Saffet Gonul
- SoCAT Lab, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mercer School of Medicine, Mercer University, Macon, GA, USA.
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6
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Song EJ, Tozzi L, Williams LM. Brain Circuit-Derived Biotypes for Treatment Selection in Mood Disorders: A Critical Review and Illustration of a Functional Neuroimaging Tool for Clinical Translation. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)01175-2. [PMID: 38552866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Although the lifetime burden due to major depressive disorder is increasing, we lack tools for selecting the most effective treatments for each patient. One-third to one-half of patients with major depressive disorder do not respond to treatment, and we lack strategies for selecting among available treatments or expediting access to new treatment options. This critical review concentrates on functional neuroimaging as a modality of measurement for precision psychiatry. We begin by summarizing the current landscape of how functional neuroimaging-derived circuit predictors can forecast treatment outcomes in depression. Then, we outline the opportunities and challenges in integrating circuit predictors into clinical practice. We highlight one standardized and reproducible approach for quantifying brain circuit function at an individual level, which could serve as a model for clinical translation. We conclude by evaluating the prospects and practicality of employing neuroimaging tools, such as the one that we propose, in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Jiayi Song
- Stanford Center for Precision Mental Health and Wellness, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California; Stanford School of Engineering, Stanford, California
| | - Leonardo Tozzi
- Stanford Center for Precision Mental Health and Wellness, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Stanford Center for Precision Mental Health and Wellness, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California; Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center of Excellence (MIRECC), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.
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7
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Jiang Y. A theory of the neural mechanisms underlying negative cognitive bias in major depression. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1348474. [PMID: 38532986 PMCID: PMC10963437 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1348474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The widely acknowledged cognitive theory of depression, developed by Aaron Beck, focused on biased information processing that emphasizes the negative aspects of affective and conceptual information. Current attempts to discover the neurological mechanism underlying such cognitive and affective bias have successfully identified various brain regions associated with severally biased functions such as emotion, attention, rumination, and inhibition control. However, the neurobiological mechanisms of how individuals in depression develop this selective processing toward negative is still under question. This paper introduces a neurological framework centered around the frontal-limbic circuit, specifically analyzing and synthesizing the activity and functional connectivity within the amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex. Firstly, a possible explanation of how the positive feedback loop contributes to the persistent hyperactivity of the amygdala in depression at an automatic level is established. Building upon this, two hypotheses are presented: hypothesis 1 revolves around the bidirectional amygdalohippocampal projection facilitating the amplification of negative emotions and memories while concurrently contributing to the impediment of the retrieval of opposing information in the hippocampus attractor network. Hypothesis 2 highlights the involvement of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the establishment of a negative cognitive framework through the generalization of conceptual and emotional information in conjunction with the amygdala and hippocampus. The primary objective of this study is to improve and complement existing pathological models of depression, pushing the frontiers of current understanding in neuroscience of affective disorders, and eventually contributing to successful recovery from the debilitating affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyue Jiang
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
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Tassone VK, Gholamali Nezhad F, Demchenko I, Rueda A, Bhat V. Amygdala biomarkers of treatment response in major depressive disorder: An fMRI systematic review of SSRI antidepressants. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 338:111777. [PMID: 38183847 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging studies have demonstrated abnormal activity and functional connectivity (FC) of the amygdala among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), which may be rectified with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment. This systematic review aimed to identify changes in the amygdala on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans among individuals with MDD who received SSRIs. A search for fMRI studies examining amygdala correlates of SSRI response via fMRI was conducted through OVID (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase). The end date was April 4th, 2023. In total, 623 records were screened, and 16 studies were included in this review. While the search pertained to SSRIs broadly, the included studies were escitalopram-, citalopram-, fluoxetine-, sertraline-, and paroxetine-specific. Decreases in event-related amygdala activity were found following 6-to-12-week SSRI treatment, particularly in response to negative stimuli. Eight-week courses of SSRI pharmacotherapy were associated with increased event-related amygdala FC (i.e., with the prefrontal [PFC] and anterior cingulate cortices, insula, thalamus, caudate nucleus, and putamen) and decreased resting-state effective connectivity (i.e., amygdala-PFC). Preliminary evidence suggests that SSRIs may alter amygdala activity and FC in MDD. Additional studies are needed to corroborate findings. Future research should employ long-term follow-ups to determine whether effects persist after treatment termination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa K Tassone
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1M8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Gholamali Nezhad
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Ilya Demchenko
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1M8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Alice Rueda
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1M8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Neuroscience Research Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1M8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada.
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9
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Sato W, Usui N, Kondo A, Kubota Y, Toichi M, Inoue Y. Impairment of unconscious emotional processing after unilateral medial temporal structure resection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4269. [PMID: 38383855 PMCID: PMC10881984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the amygdala in unconscious emotional processing remains a topic of debate. Past lesion studies have indicated that amygdala damage leads to impaired electrodermal activity in response to subliminally presented emotional stimuli. However, electrodermal activity can reflect both emotional and nonemotional processes. To provide behavioral evidence highlighting the critical role of the amygdala in unconscious emotional processing, we examined patients (n = 16) who had undergone unilateral resection of medial temporal lobe structures, including the amygdala. We utilized the subliminal affective priming paradigm in conjunction with unilateral visual presentation. Fearful or happy dynamic facial expressions were presented in unilateral visual fields for 30 ms, serving as negative or positive primes. Subsequently, neutral target faces were displayed, and participants were tasked with rating the valence of these targets. Positive primes, compared to negative ones, enhanced valence ratings of the target to a greater extent when they stimulated the intact hemisphere (i.e., were presented in the contralateral visual field of the intact hemisphere) than when they stimulated the resected hemisphere (i.e., were presented in the contralateral visual field of the resected hemisphere). These results suggest that the amygdala is causally involved in unconscious emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Sato
- Psychological Process Research Team, Guardian Robot Project, RIKEN, 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan.
| | - Naotaka Usui
- National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Urushiyama 886, Shizuoka, 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Urushiyama 886, Shizuoka, 420-8688, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kubota
- Health and Medical Services Center, Shiga University, 1-1-1 Baba, Hikone, Shiga, 522-8522, Japan
| | - Motomi Toichi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yushi Inoue
- National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Urushiyama 886, Shizuoka, 420-8688, Japan
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Arruda Sanchez T, Ramos LR, Araujo F, Schenberg EE, Yonamine M, Lobo I, de Araujo DB, Luna LE. Emotion regulation effects of Ayahuasca in experienced subjects during implicit aversive stimulation: An fMRI study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117430. [PMID: 37979818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ayahuasca is a beverage used in Amazonian traditional medicine and it has been part of the human experience for millennia as well as other different psychoactive plants. Although Ayahuasca has been proposed as potentially therapeutic as an anxiolytic and antidepressant, whilst no studies have been carried out so far investigating their direct effect on brain emotional processing. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to measure the emotional acute effect of Ayahuasca on brain response to implicit aversive stimulation using a face recognition task in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Nineteen male experienced Ayahuasca users participated in this study in two fMRI sessions before and after 50 min of the Ayahuasca ingestion. Subjects were presented with pictures of neutral (A) and aversive (B) (fearful or disgusted) faces from the Pictures of Facial Affect Series. Subjects were instructed to identify the gender of the faces (gender discrimination task) while the emotional content was implicit. Subjective mood states were also evaluated before Ayahuasca intake and after the second fMRI session, using a visual analogue mood scale (VAMS). RESULTS During the aversive stimuli, the activity in the bilateral amygdala was attenuated by Ayahuasca (qFDR<0.05). Furthermore, in an exploratory analysis of the effects after intake, Ayahuasca enhances the activation in the insular cortex bilaterally, as well as in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (qFDR<0.05). In the psychometric VAMS scale, subjects reported attenuation of both anxiety and mental sedation (p < 0.01) during acute effects. CONCLUSIONS Together, all reported results including neuroimaging, behavioral data and psychometric self-report suggest that Ayahuasca can promote an emotion regulation mechanism in response to aversive stimuli with corresponding improved cognition including reduced anxiety and mental sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Arruda Sanchez
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Psychophysiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Rego Ramos
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Psychophysiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Felipe Araujo
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Psychophysiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Mauricio Yonamine
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Lobo
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Draulio Barros de Araujo
- Brain Institute / Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Luna
- Research Centre for the study of psychointegrator plants, Visionary Art and Consciousness - Wasiwaska, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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11
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Klug M, Enneking V, Borgers T, Jacobs CM, Dohm K, Kraus A, Grotegerd D, Opel N, Repple J, Suslow T, Meinert S, Lemke H, Leehr EJ, Bauer J, Dannlowski U, Redlich R. Persistence of amygdala hyperactivity to subliminal negative emotion processing in the long-term course of depression. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02429-4. [PMID: 38278993 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Biased emotion processing has been suggested to underlie the etiology and maintenance of depression. Neuroimaging studies have shown mood-congruent alterations in amygdala activity in patients with acute depression, even during early, automatic stages of emotion processing. However, due to a lack of prospective studies over periods longer than 8 weeks, it is unclear whether these neurofunctional abnormalities represent a persistent correlate of depression even in remission. In this prospective case-control study, we aimed to examine brain functional correlates of automatic emotion processing in the long-term course of depression. In a naturalistic design, n = 57 patients with acute major depressive disorder (MDD) and n = 37 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at baseline and after 2 years. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to their course of illness during the study period (n = 37 relapse, n = 20 no-relapse). During fMRI, participants underwent an affective priming task that assessed emotion processing of subliminally presented sad and happy compared to neutral face stimuli. A group × time × condition (3 × 2 × 2) ANOVA was performed for the amygdala as region-of-interest (ROI). At baseline, there was a significant group × condition interaction, resulting from amygdala hyperactivity to sad primes in patients with MDD compared to HC, whereas no difference between groups emerged for happy primes. In both patient subgroups, amygdala hyperactivity to sad primes persisted after 2 years, regardless of relapse or remission at follow-up. The results suggest that amygdala hyperactivity during automatic processing of negative stimuli persists during remission and represents a trait rather than a state marker of depression. Enduring neurofunctional abnormalities may reflect a consequence of or a vulnerability to depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Klug
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Enneking
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tiana Borgers
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Charlotte M Jacobs
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Dohm
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Kraus
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Suslow
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hannah Lemke
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ronny Redlich
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Psychology, Martin-Luther University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
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12
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Kramer M, Stetter M, Heinisch C, Baumgart P, Brüne M, Mavrogiorgou P, Juckel G. Emotional Context Effects on the Rating of Ambiguous Facial Expressions in Depression and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Psychiatry 2024; 87:36-50. [PMID: 38227544 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2291942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of visual contextual information on emotion recognition of ambiguous facial expressions in depression and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Method: Ambiguous facial expressions and emotional contexts representing anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness and surprise were validated in a pre-test with healthy independent raters. Afterwards, 20 healthy participants (8 women, 12 men; mean age 24.35 ± 2.85 years), 20 participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (9 women, 11 men; mean age 40.25 ± 11.68 years) and 19 participants with depression (11 women, 8 men; mean age 43.74 ± 12.65 years) rated the emotional content of nine different faces in seven different emotion-suggesting contexts. The proportions of context-congruent answers and differences between emotion ratings in each context were analysed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and explorative, paired Wilcoxon tests. Correlational analyses explored the influence of clinical symptoms assessed by clinician-administered scales. Results: The overall proportion of context-congruent answers did not differ between participants with depression and schizophrenia spectrum disorders compared to healthy participants. Participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were more susceptible to anger-suggesting contexts and participants with depression were more susceptible to fear-suggesting contexts. Differences in emotion recognition were associated with the severity of depressive, but not psychotic, symptoms. Conclusion: Despite increased susceptibility to anger-suggesting cues in schizophrenia and to fear-suggesting cues in depression, visual contextual influence remains largely consistent with healthy participants. Preserved emotional responsiveness suggests an efficacy of emotion training but emphasizes the need for additional research focusing on other factors contributing to social interaction deficits.
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13
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Colita D, Burdusel D, Glavan D, Hermann DM, Colită CI, Colita E, Udristoiu I, Popa-Wagner A. Molecular mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder and post-stroke affective disorders. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:149-158. [PMID: 37827260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Two of the most common and incapacitating mental health disorders around the world are major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-stroke depression (PSD). MDD is thought to result from abnormal connectivity between the monoaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and/or cholinergic pathways. Additional factors include the roles of hormonal, immune, ageing, as well as the influence of cellular, molecular, and epigenetics in the development of mood disorders. This complexity of factors has been anticipated by the Swiss psychiatrists Paul Kielholz and Jules Angst who introduced a multimodal treatment of MDD. Depression is the predominant mood disorder, impacting around one-third of individuals who have experienced a stroke. MDD and PSD share common underlying biological mechanisms related to the disruption of monoaminergic pathways. The major contributor to PSD is the stroke lesion location, which can involve the disruption of the serotoninergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, or cholinergic pathways. Additionally, various other disorders such as mania, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, and apathy might occur post-stroke, although their prevalence is considerably lower. However, there are differences in the onset of MDD among mood disorders. Some mood disorders develop gradually and can persist for a lifetime, potentially culminating in suicide. In contrast, PSD has a rapid onset because of the severe disruption of neural pathways essential for mood behavior caused by the lesion. However, PSD might also spontaneously resolve several months after a stroke, though it is associated with higher mortality. This review also provides a brief overview of the treatments currently available in medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Colita
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daiana Burdusel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Daniela Glavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania; Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Cezar-Ivan Colită
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Colita
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Udristoiu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.
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14
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Leerssen J, Aghajani M, Bresser T, Rösler L, Winkler AM, Foster-Dingley JC, Van Someren EJW. Cognitive, Behavioral, and Circadian Rhythm Interventions for Insomnia Alter Emotional Brain Responses. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:60-69. [PMID: 36958474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highest risk of depression is conveyed by insomnia. This risk can be mitigated by sleep interventions. Understanding brain mechanisms underlying increased emotional stability following insomnia treatment could provide insight relevant to the prevention of depression. Here, we investigated how different sleep interventions alter emotion-related brain activity in people with insomnia at high risk of developing depression. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess how the amygdala response to emotional stimuli (negative facial expression) in 122 people with insomnia disorder differed from 36 control subjects and how the amygdala response changed after 6 weeks of either no treatment or internet-based circadian rhythm support (CRS), cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), or their combination (CBT-I+CRS). Effects on depression, insomnia and anxiety severity were followed up for 1 year. RESULTS Only combined treatment (CBT-I+CRS) significantly increased the amygdala response, compared with no treatment, CBT-I, and CRS. Individual differences in the degree of response enhancement were associated with improvement of insomnia symptoms directly after treatment (r = -0.41, p = .021). Moreover, exclusively CBT-I+CRS enhanced responsiveness of the left insula, which occurred in proportion to the reduction in depressive symptom severity (r = -0.37, p = .042). CONCLUSIONS This functional magnetic resonance imaging study on insomnia treatment, the largest to date, shows that a combined cognitive, behavioral, and circadian intervention enhances emotional brain responsiveness and might improve resilience in patients with insomnia who are at high risk of developing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Leerssen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Section Forensic Family and Youth Care, Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Bresser
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lara Rösler
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anderson M Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jessica C Foster-Dingley
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Reisch AA, Bessette KL, Jenkins LM, Skerrett KA, Gabriel LB, Kling LR, Stange JP, Ryan KA, Schreiner MW, Crowell SE, Kaufman EA, Langenecker SA. Human emotion processing accuracy, negative biases, and fMRI activation are associated with childhood trauma. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1181785. [PMID: 37908596 PMCID: PMC10614639 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Emerging literature suggests that childhood trauma may influence facial emotion perception (FEP), with the potential to negatively bias both emotion perception and reactions to emotion-related inputs. Negative emotion perception biases are associated with a range of psychiatric and behavioral problems, potentially due or as a result of difficult social interactions. Unfortunately, there is a poor understanding of whether observed negative biases are related to childhood trauma history, depression history, or processes common to (and potentially causative of) both experiences. Methods The present cross-sectional study examines the relation between FEP and neural activation during FEP with retrospectively reported childhood trauma in young adult participants with remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD, n = 41) and without psychiatric histories (healthy controls [HC], n = 34). Accuracy of emotion categorization and negative bias errors during FEP and brain activation were each measured during exposure to fearful, angry, happy, sad, and neutral faces. We examined participant behavioral and neural responses in relation to total reported severity of childhood abuse and neglect (assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ). Results Results corrected for multiple comparisons indicate that higher trauma scores were associated with greater likelihood of miscategorizing happy faces as angry. Activation in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) positively correlated with trauma scores when participants viewed faces that they correctly categorized as angry, fearful, sad, and happy. Discussion Identifying the neural mechanisms by which childhood trauma and MDD may change facial emotion perception could inform targeted prevention efforts for MDD or related interpersonal difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis A. Reisch
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Katie L. Bessette
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lisanne M. Jenkins
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kristy A. Skerrett
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Laura B. Gabriel
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Leah R. Kling
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jonathan P. Stange
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kelly A. Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mindy Westlund Schreiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Sheila E. Crowell
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Erin A. Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Scott A. Langenecker
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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16
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McDonald AJ. Functional neuroanatomy of monoaminergic systems in the basolateral nuclear complex of the amygdala: Neuronal targets, receptors, and circuits. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1409-1432. [PMID: 37166098 PMCID: PMC10524224 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses neuroanatomical aspects of the three main monoaminergic systems innervating the basolateral nuclear complex (BNC) of the amygdala (serotonergic, noradrenergic, and dopaminergic systems). It mainly focuses on immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) studies that have analyzed the relationship of specific monoaminergic inputs and their receptors to specific neuronal subtypes in the BNC in order to better understand the anatomical substrates of the monoaminergic modulation of BNC circuitry. First, light and electron microscopic IHC investigations identifying the main BNC neuronal subpopulations and characterizing their local circuitry, including connections with discrete PN compartments and other INs, are reviewed. Then, the relationships of each of the three monoaminergic systems to distinct PN and IN cell types, are examined in detail. For each system, the neuronal targets and their receptor expression are discussed. In addition, pertinent electrophysiological investigations are discussed. The last section of the review compares and contrasts various aspects of each of the three monoaminergic systems. It is concluded that the large number of different receptors, each with a distinct mode of action, expressed by distinct cell types with different connections and functions, should offer innumerable ways to subtlety regulate the activity of the BNC by therapeutic drugs in psychiatric diseases in which there are alterations of BNC monoaminergic modulatory systems, such as in anxiety disorders, depression, and drug addiction. It is suggested that an important area for future studies is to investigate how the three systems interact in concert at the neuronal and neuronal network levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Joseph McDonald
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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17
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Hentges RF, Davies PT, Sturge-Apple ML. Domain specificity of differential susceptibility: Testing an evolutionary theory of temperament in early childhood. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1515-1528. [PMID: 35550240 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
According to differential susceptibility theory (DST), some children may be more sensitive to both positive and negative features of the environment. However, research has generated a list of widely disparate temperamental traits that may reflect differential susceptibility to the environment. In addition, findings have implicated these temperament × environment interactions in predicting a wide variety of child outcomes. This study uses a novel evolutionary model of temperament to examine whether differential susceptibility operates in a domain-general or domain-specific manner. Using a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of 243 preschoolers and their parents (56% female; 48% African American), we examined the interactions between maternal and paternal parenting quality and two evolutionary informed temperament profiles (i.e., Hawks and Doves) in predicting changes in teacher-reported conduct problems and depressive symptoms from preschool to first grade. Results suggest that differential susceptibility operates in a domain-specific fashion. Specifically, the "Hawk" temperament was differentially susceptible to maternal parenting in predicting externalizing problems. In contrast, the "Dove" temperament was susceptible to both paternal and maternal parenting quality in predicting changes in depressive symptoms. Findings provide support for an integrative framework that synthesizes DST with an evolutionary, function-based approach to temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle F Hentges
- Strong BRAIN Institute, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Patrick T Davies
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Kotoula V, Evans JW, Punturieri CE, Zarate CA. Review: The use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in clinical trials and experimental research studies for depression. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2023; 2:1110258. [PMID: 37554642 PMCID: PMC10406217 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2023.1110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to examine neural responses with and without the use of a functional task. Indeed, fMRI has been used in clinical trials and pharmacological research studies. In mental health, it has been used to identify brain areas linked to specific symptoms but also has the potential to help identify possible treatment targets. Despite fMRI's many advantages, such findings are rarely the primary outcome measure in clinical trials or research studies. This article reviews fMRI studies in depression that sought to assess the efficacy and mechanism of action of compounds with antidepressant effects. Our search results focused on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the most commonly prescribed treatments for depression and ketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant treatment. Normalization of amygdala hyperactivity in response to negative emotional stimuli was found to underlie successful treatment response to SSRIs as well as ketamine, indicating a potential common pathway for both conventional and fast-acting antidepressants. Ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects make it a particularly useful compound for studying depression with fMRI; its effects on brain activity and connectivity trended toward normalizing the increases and decreases in brain activity and connectivity associated with depression. These findings highlight the considerable promise of fMRI as a tool for identifying treatment targets in depression. However, additional studies with improved methodology and study design are needed before fMRI findings can be translated into meaningful clinical trial outcomes.
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19
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Datta S, Rashid Z, Naskar S, Chattarji S. Administration of the glutamate-modulating drug, riluzole, after stress prevents its delayed effects on the amygdala in male rats. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad166. [PMID: 37266396 PMCID: PMC10230288 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular glutamate levels are elevated across brain regions immediately after stress. Despite sharing common features in their genesis, the patterns of stress-induced plasticity that eventually take shape are strikingly different between these brain areas. While stress causes structural and functional deficits in the hippocampus, it has the opposite effect on the amygdala. Riluzole, an FDA-approved drug known to modulate glutamate release and facilitate glutamate clearance, prevents stress-induced deficits in the hippocampus. But whether the same drug is also effective in countering the opposite effects of stress in the amygdala remains unexplored. We addressed this question by using a rat model wherein even a single 2-h acute immobilization stress causes a delayed expression of anxiety-like behavior, 10 days later, alongside stronger excitatory synaptic connectivity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). This temporal profile-several days separating the acute stressor and its delayed impact-allowed us to test if these effects can be prevented by administering riluzole in drinking water after acute stress. Poststress riluzole not only prevented the delayed increase in anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus maze but also blocked the increase in spine density on BLA neurons 10 days later. Further, stress-induced increase in the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents recorded in BLA slices, 10 days later, was also blocked by the same poststress riluzole administration. Together, these findings underscore the importance of therapeutic strategies, aimed at glutamate uptake and modulation, in correcting the delayed behavioral, physiological, and morphological effects of stress on the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saptarnab Naskar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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20
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Zhang F, Wang C, Lan X, Li W, Ye Y, Liu H, Hu Z, You Z, Zhou Y, Ning Y. Ketamine-induced hippocampal functional connectivity alterations associated with clinical remission in major depression. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:534-541. [PMID: 36646174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hippocampal functional connectivity (FC) alterations, which may happen following ketamine treatment, play a key role in major depression remission. This study aims to investigate the resting-state FC changes of the hippocampus associated with clinical remission after repeated ketamine infusions. METHODS Forty-four major depressive patients received six intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) infusions in 12 days. The FC change of the hippocampus subregions following ketamine treatment was compared between remitters (MADRS score ≤ 10 post-treatment) and nonremitters. We also investigated whether baseline hippocampus FC predicted the antidepressant efficiency of ketamine using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analyses. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were included in the analysis. There were significant differences in change of left rostral hippocampus FC with the right angular gyrus (the key node of the default mode network, DMN), left inferior parietal cortex and the right superior parietal cortex (parts of the dorsal attention network, dAN) between remitters and nonremitters following ketamine treatment. Specifically, while the remitters showed significantly less negative hippocampus FC than the nonremitters at baseline, the FC significantly decreased in remitters but increased in nonremitters after ketamine injections. Moreover, baseline hippocampus FC with the above three regions predicted the antidepressant effect of ketamine, with the highest predictive strength identified in the hippocampus-right angular gyrus FC (Area-Under-Curve = 0.8179, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Ketamine treat depression by modulating the left rostral hippocampus resting-state FC with the DMN and dAN. The FC between the hippocampus and parts of the DMN and dAN may show promising potential in predicting remission after ketamine treatment in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicheng Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxiang Ye
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Hu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zerui You
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuping Ning
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
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21
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Bauer EA, Wilson KA, Phan KL, Shankman SA, MacNamara A. A Neurobiological Profile Underlying Comorbidity Load and Prospective Increases in Dysphoria in a Focal Fear Sample. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:352-361. [PMID: 36280453 PMCID: PMC10866641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying increased disease burden in anxiety disorders that is unaccounted for by individual categorical diagnoses could lead to improved clinical care. Here, we tested the utility of a joint functional magnetic resonance imaging-electroencephalography neurobiological profile characterized by overvaluation of negative stimuli (amygdala) in combination with blunted elaborated processing of these same stimuli (the late positive potential [LPP], an event-related potential) in predicting increased psychopathology across a 2-year period in people with anxiety disorders. METHODS One hundred ten participants (64 female, 45 male, 1 other) including 78 participants with phobias who varied in the extent of their internalizing comorbidity and 32 participants who were free from psychopathology viewed negative and neutral pictures during separate functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level-dependent and electroencephalogram recordings. Dysphoria was assessed at baseline and 2 years later. RESULTS Participants with both heightened amygdala activation and blunted LPPs to negative pictures showed the greatest increases in dysphoria 2 years later. Cross-sectionally, participants with higher comorbidity load (≥2 additional diagnoses, n = 34) showed increased amygdala activation to negative pictures compared with participants with lower comorbidity load (≤1 additional diagnosis, n = 44) and compared with participants free from psychopathology. In addition, high comorbid participants showed reduced LPPs to negative pictures compared with low comorbid participants. CONCLUSIONS Heightened amygdala in response to negative stimuli in combination with blunted LPPs could indicate overvaluation of threatening stimuli in the absence of elaborated processing that might otherwise help regulate threat responding. This brain profile could underlie the worsening and maintenance of internalizing psychopathology over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bauer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.
| | - Kayla A Wilson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - K Luan Phan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Stewart A Shankman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Annmarie MacNamara
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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22
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Zhang X, Wang X, Dong D, Sun X, Zhong X, Xiong G, Cheng C, Lei H, Chai Y, Yu M, Quan P, Gehrman PR, Detre JA, Yao S, Rao H. Persistent Ventral Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Resolved Amygdala Hyper-responses to Negative Outcomes After Depression Remission: A Combined Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Study. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:268-278. [PMID: 36567087 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent mood disorder affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Biased processing of negative information and neural hyper-responses to negative events are hallmarks of depression. This study combined cross-sectional and longitudinal experiments to explore both persistent and resolved neural hyper-responses to negative outcomes from risky decision making in patients with current MDD (cMDD) and remitted MDD (rMDD). METHODS A total of 264 subjects participated in the cross-sectional study, including 117 patients with medication-naïve, first-episode current depression; 45 patients with rMDD with only 1 episode of depression; and 102 healthy control subjects. Participants completed a modified balloon analog risk task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. In the longitudinal arm of the study, 42 patients with cMDD were followed and 26 patients with rMDD were studied again after 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment. RESULTS Patients with cMDD showed hyper-responses to loss outcomes in multiple limbic regions including the amygdala and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC). Amygdala but not vACC hyperactivity correlated with depression scores in patients with cMDD. Furthermore, amygdala hyperactivity resolved while vACC hyperactivity persisted in patients with rMDD in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide consistent evidence supporting differential patterns of amygdala and vACC hyper-responses to negative outcomes during depression remission. Amygdala hyperactivity may be a symptomatic and state-dependent marker of depressive neural responses, while vACC hyperactivity may reflect a persistent and state-independent effect of depression on brain function. These findings offer new insights into the neural underpinnings of depression remission and prevention of depression recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; School of Educational Science, Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Daifeng Dong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xue Zhong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Xiong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Cheng
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Lei
- College of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ya Chai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Meichen Yu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Peng Quan
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Philip R Gehrman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John A Detre
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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23
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Massarwe A, Cohen N. Understanding the benefits of extrinsic emotion regulation in depression. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1120653. [PMID: 37179872 PMCID: PMC10172593 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1120653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious psychiatric illness that negatively affects people's feelings, thoughts, and actions. Providing emotion regulation support to others, also termed Extrinsic Emotion Regulation (EER), reduces depressive symptoms such as perseverative thinking and negative mood. In this conceptual review paper, we argue that EER may be especially beneficial for individuals with depression because it enhances the cognitive and affective processes known to be impaired in depression. Behavioral studies have shown that EER recruits processes related to cognitive empathy, intrinsic emotion regulation (IER), and reward, all impaired in depression. Neuroimaging data support these findings by showing that EER recruits brain regions related to these three processes, such as the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex which is associated with IER, the ventral striatum, which is associated with reward-related processes, and medial frontal regions related to cognitive empathy. This conceptual review paper sheds light on the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of EER for individuals with depression and therefore offers novel avenues for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atheer Massarwe
- Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- *Correspondence: Atheer Massarwe,
| | - Noga Cohen
- Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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24
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Kustubayeva A, Eliassen J, Matthews G, Nelson E. FMRI study of implicit emotional face processing in patients with MDD with melancholic subtype. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1029789. [PMID: 36923587 PMCID: PMC10009191 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1029789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The accurate perception of facial expressions plays a vital role in daily life, allowing us to select appropriate responses in social situations. Understanding the neuronal basis of altered emotional face processing in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) may lead to the appropriate choice of individual interventions to help patients maintain social functioning during depressive episodes. Inconsistencies in neuroimaging studies of emotional face processing are caused by heterogeneity in neurovegetative symptoms of depressive subtypes. The aim of this study was to investigate brain activation differences during implicit perception of faces with negative and positive emotions between healthy participants and patients with melancholic subtype of MDD. The neurobiological correlates of sex differences of MDD patients were also examined. Methods Thirty patients diagnosed with MDD and 21 healthy volunteers were studied using fMRI while performing an emotional face perception task. Results Comparing general face activation irrespective of emotional content, the intensity of BOLD signal was significantly decreased in the left thalamus, right supramarginal gyrus, right and left superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and left fusiform gyrus in patients with melancholic depression compared to healthy participants. We observed only limited mood-congruence in response to faces of differing emotional valence. Brain activation in the middle temporal gyrus was significantly increased in response to fearful faces in comparison to happy faces in MDD patients. Elevated activation was observed in the right cingulate for happy and fearful faces, in precuneus for happy faces, and left posterior cingulate cortex for all faces in depressed women compared to men. The Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) score was inversely correlated with activation in the left subgenual gyrus/left rectal gyrus for sad, neutral, and fearful faces in women in the MDD group. Patients with melancholic features performed similarly to controls during implicit emotional processing but showed reduced activation. Discussion and conclusion This finding suggests that melancholic patients compensate for reduced brain activation when interpreting emotional content in order to perform similarly to controls. Overall, frontal hypoactivation in response to implicit emotional stimuli appeared to be the most robust feature of melancholic depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almira Kustubayeva
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine, and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,National Centre for Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - James Eliassen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Robert Bosch Automotive Steering, Florence, KY, United States
| | - Gerald Matthews
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Erik Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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25
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Peng Y, Knotts JD, Young KS, Bookheimer SY, Nusslock R, Zinbarg RE, Kelley NJ, Echiverri-Cohen AM, Craske MG. Threat Neurocircuitry Predicts the Development of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in a Longitudinal Study. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:102-110. [PMID: 35031524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to high heterogeneity and comorbidity, the shared and unique neural mechanisms underlying the development of anxiety and major depressive disorders remain unclear. Using a dimensional model describing shared versus unique symptoms associated with anxiety and depression, this study investigated how longitudinal changes in symptom dimensions relate to threat neurocircuitry. METHODS Participants were 18- to 19-year-olds (N = 279, 186 females) who completed self-report measures of anxiety and depression at baseline and at 10, 20, and 30 months. Linear slopes of symptom dimensions of general distress, fear, and anhedonia-apprehension were estimated through a trilevel factorial model. In addition, functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained while participants performed Pavlovian fear conditioning tasks at baseline and 30 months, including three phases of fear acquisition, extinction, and extinction recall. Neural responses in regions of interest related to threat neural circuitry (e.g., amygdala, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex) were extracted. RESULTS Linear mixed models used to estimate relationships between changes of symptom dimensions and neural responses revealed two major findings: 1) greater neural responses to threatening stimuli during fear acquisition at baseline were associated with a greater increase in fear symptoms during the 30-month prospective period; and 2) elevated neural responses to the extinguished stimulus during extinction recall at 30 months were negatively associated with changes in general distress, suggesting that greater increases in general distress are associated with larger deficits in extinction memory. CONCLUSIONS These findings improve our understanding of pathophysiological pathways underlying the development of anxiety and depression, while separating symptom dimensions that are shared versus unique between the two disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Peng
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeffrey D Knotts
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Katherine S Young
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Social, Genetic and Development Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Y Bookheimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Richard E Zinbarg
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; Family Institute at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Nicholas J Kelley
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michelle G Craske
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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26
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Claudio A, Andrea F. Circadian neuromarkers of mood disorders. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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27
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Kang Y, Kim A, Kang W, Han KM, Ham B. The Association of White Matter Tracts with Alexithymia among Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder. Exp Neurobiol 2022; 31:343-352. [PMID: 36351844 PMCID: PMC9659491 DOI: 10.5607/en22030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alexithymia is characterized by impairments in the processing of emotions. Although the disruptions in the white matter (WM) integrity in Major depressive disorder (MDD) has frequently been reported, the underlying relationship with alexithymia remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated WM tracts with Tracts Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy approach to discover potential associations between alexithymia and WM integrity to identify the neural basis of impaired emotional self-awareness in MDD. 101 patients with MDD and 99 healthy sex- and age-matched individuals underwent diffusion-weighted imaging. All participants were assessed with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). TAS scores were significantly higher in MDD patients than in controls. Patients with MDD exhibited significantly lower FA values in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and it also showed negative associations with TAS. These results contribute to the neurobiological evidence on the association between MDD and alexithymia. Additionally, they suggest that reduced white matter integrity in the regions constitutes a principal pathophysiology underlying impaired emotional recognition and description in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Byoungjoo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
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28
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Tassone VK, Demchenko I, Salvo J, Mahmood R, Di Passa AM, Kuburi S, Rueda A, Bhat V. Contrasting the amygdala activity and functional connectivity profile between antidepressant-free participants with major depressive disorder and healthy controls: A systematic review of comparative fMRI studies. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 325:111517. [PMID: 35944425 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging research suggests that the amygdala is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). This systematic review aimed to identify consistently reported amygdala activity and functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities in antidepressant-free participants with MDD as compared to healthy controls at baseline (i.e., before treatment initiation or experimental manipulation). A search for relevant published studies and registered clinical trials was conducted through OVID (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase) and ClinicalTrials.gov with an end date of March 7th, 2022. Fifty published studies and two registered clinical trials were included in this review. Participants with MDD frequently exhibited amygdala hyperactivity in response to negative stimuli, abnormal event-related amygdala-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) FC, and abnormal resting-state amygdala FC with the insula and the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. Decreased resting-state FC was consistently found between the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex, striatum, cerebellum, and middle/inferior frontal gyri. Due to the limited number of studies examining resting-state amygdala activity and FC with specific subregions of interest, including those within the ACC, further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa K Tassone
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Ilya Demchenko
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Joseph Salvo
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Raesham Mahmood
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Di Passa
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Sarah Kuburi
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Alice Rueda
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M8, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, 193 Yonge Street 6-013, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada.
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29
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Gerlach AR, Karim HT, Peciña M, Ajilore O, Taylor WD, Butters MA, Andreescu C. MRI predictors of pharmacotherapy response in major depressive disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103157. [PMID: 36027717 PMCID: PMC9420953 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, exacting a substantial personal, social, and economic toll. Antidepressant treatment typically involves an individualized trial and error approach with an inconsistent success rate. Despite a pressing need, no reliable biomarkers for predicting treatment outcome have yet been discovered. Brain MRI measures hold promise in this regard, though clinical translation remains elusive. In this review, we summarize structural MRI and functional MRI (fMRI) measures that have been investigated as predictors of treatment outcome. We broadly divide these into five categories including three structural measures: volumetric, white matter burden, and white matter integrity; and two functional measures: resting state fMRI and task fMRI. Currently, larger hippocampal volume is the most widely replicated predictor of successful treatment. Lower white matter hyperintensity burden has shown robustness in late life depression. However, both have modest discriminative power. Higher fractional anisotropy of the cingulum bundle and frontal white matter, amygdala hypoactivation and anterior cingulate cortex hyperactivation in response to negative emotional stimuli, and hyperconnectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and between the DMN and executive control network also show promise as predictors of successful treatment. Such network-focused measures may ultimately provide a higher-dimensional measure of treatment response with closer ties to the underlying neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Gerlach
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helmet T Karim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marta Peciña
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olusola Ajilore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Warren D Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Meryl A Butters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carmen Andreescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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30
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Boukezzi S, Costi S, Shin LM, Kim-Schulze S, Cathomas F, Collins A, Russo SJ, Morris LS, Murrough JW. Exaggerated amygdala response to threat and association with immune hyperactivity in depression. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 104:205-212. [PMID: 35636614 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is characterized by altered neurobiological responses to threat and inflammation may be involved in the development and maintenance of symptoms. However, the mechanistic pathways underlying the relationship between the neural underpinnings of threat, inflammation and depressive symptoms remain unknown. METHODS Twenty participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 17 healthy controls (HCs) completed this study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected and stimulated ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We then measured a broad array of secreted proteins and performed principal component analysis to compute an aggregated immune reactivity score. Subjects completed a well-validated emotional face processing task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Amygdala activation was measured during perception of threat for the main contrast of interest: fear > happy face. Participants completed the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Correlation analyses between amygdala activation, the aggregate immune score, and symptom were computed across groups. A mediation analysis was also performed across groups to further explore the relationship between these three variables. RESULTS In line with our hypotheses and with prior work, the MDD group showed greater amygdala activation in response to threat compared to the HC group [t35 = -2.038, p = 0.049]. Internal consistency of amygdala activation to threat was found to be moderate. Response to an ex vivo immune challenge was greater in MDD than HC based on the computed immune reactivity score (PC1; t35 = 2.674, p = 0.011). Amygdala activation was positively correlated with the immune score (r = 0.331, p = 0.045). Moreover, higher amygdala activation was associated with greater anxious arousal measured by the MASQ (r = 0.390, p = 0.017). Exploring the role of stress, we found that higher perceived stress was positively associated with both inflammatory response (r = 0.367, p = 0.026) and amygdala response to threat (r = 0.325, p = 0.050). Mediation analyses showed that perceived stress predicted anxious arousal, but neither inflammation nor amygdala activation fully accounted for the effect of perceived stress on anxious arousal. CONCLUSION These data highlight the potential importance of threat circuitry hyperactivation in MDD, consistent with prior reports. We found that higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers were associated with higher amygdala activation, which in turn was associated with anxious arousal. Future research utilizing larger sample sizes are needed to replicate these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Boukezzi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Costi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa M Shin
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Flurin Cathomas
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abigail Collins
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurel S Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James W Murrough
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Abstract
Depression is an episodic form of mental illness characterized by mood state transitions with poorly understood neurobiological mechanisms. Antidepressants reverse the effects of stress and depression on synapse function, enhancing neurotransmission, increasing plasticity, and generating new synapses in stress-sensitive brain regions. These properties are shared to varying degrees by all known antidepressants, suggesting that synaptic remodeling could play a key role in depression pathophysiology and antidepressant function. Still, it is unclear whether and precisely how synaptogenesis contributes to mood state transitions. Here, we review evidence supporting an emerging model in which depression is defined by a distinct brain state distributed across multiple stress-sensitive circuits, with neurons assuming altered functional properties, synapse configurations, and, importantly, a reduced capacity for plasticity and adaptation. Antidepressants act initially by facilitating plasticity and enabling a functional reconfiguration of this brain state. Subsequently, synaptogenesis plays a specific role in sustaining these changes over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja K Parekh
- Department of Psychiatry and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA;
| | - Shane B Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA;
| | - Conor Liston
- Department of Psychiatry and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA;
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Tamm S, Harmer CJ, Schiel J, Holub F, Rutter MK, Spiegelhalder K, Kyle SD. No Association Between Amygdala Responses to Negative Faces and Depressive Symptoms: Cross-Sectional Data from 28,638 Individuals in the UK Biobank Cohort. Am J Psychiatry 2022; 179:509-513. [PMID: 35775158 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.21050466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tamm
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Catherine J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Julian Schiel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Florian Holub
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Simon D Kyle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
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Park H, Kirlic N, Kuplicki R, Paulus M, Guinjoan S. Neural Processing Dysfunctions During Fear Learning but Not Reward-Related Processing Characterize Depressed Individuals With High Levels of Repetitive Negative Thinking. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:716-724. [PMID: 35065290 PMCID: PMC9271540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a symptom dimension of depression that is associated with a poorer prognosis in terms of higher recurrence, treatment resistance, residual symptoms, and disability. This investigation examined whether RNT is associated with aberrant reward processing and fear learning. METHODS Very high RNT (VH-RNT) (n = 60) and high RNT (H-RNT) (n = 60) propensity-matched individuals with depression (age, sex, race/ethnicity, income/employment, body mass index, depressive and anxiety symptom severity) participated in this study along with matched healthy comparison volunteers (n = 30). This propensity-matched sample was selected from the larger Tulsa 1000 study. Participants performed two functional magnetic resonance imaging tasks: the monetary incentive delay task probing reward processing and the fear conditioning task probing aversive learning and extinction. RESULTS Both VH-RNT and H-RNT groups showed lower neural activity than healthy comparison subjects in reward circuitry, including the inferior frontal gyrus (VH-RNT: β = -1.24, H-RNT: β = -1.28) and the cerebellum (VH-RNT: β = -0.93, H-RNT: β = -1.14). However, individuals with VH-RNT exhibited lower activation than those with H-RNT in central autonomic network components during fear conditioning (β = -0.84) and continued conditioned responses during early extinction in the postcentral cortex (β = 0.71). CONCLUSIONS VH-RNT showed aberrant processing in fear conditioning during both learning and extinction phases compared with H-RNT. These findings demonstrate that dysfunctions of negative valence associated with RNT may be domain specific, which should be taken into account for identifying potential specific targets of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heekyeong Park
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma; Department of Psychology, University of North Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Namik Kirlic
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | | | - Martin Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a known association between hearing loss (HL) and depressive symptoms. The objective was to establish if there is a stronger association with the left or right ear. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of an ongoing prospective epidemiologic cohort study. SETTING Hispanic Community Health Study (US, multicentered). PATIENTS Five thousand three hundred and twenty-eight adults 2:50 years old. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome was depressive symptoms, measured by the 10-Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10) and defined continuously and binarily. Subjects with CESD-10 2: 10 were categorized as having clinically significant depressive symptoms (CSDS). Linear and logistic regressions were performed to assess the association between depressive symptoms and hearing in each ear, controlling for hearing aid use, age, sex, educational level, study site, geographic background, cardiovascular disease, and antidepressant use. RESULTS Mean age was 58.5 ± 6.3 years. Mean pure-tone average (PTA) was 20.3 ± 11.7 dB (range = 0 - 125) in the right ear and 20.3 ± 12.4 dB (range = -2.5 to 120) in the left. Multivariable regression adjusting for covariates demonstrated significant associations between depressive symptoms and HL in both the left and right ear. For every 20-dB worsening in right ear PTA, there was 0.89-point increase in CESD-10 (95% confidence interval = 0.59 - 1.2), and odds of CSDS increased 1.31 times (1.17 - 1.46). For every 20-dB worsening in left ear PTA, there was a 0.85-point increase in CESD-10 (0.55 - 1.14), and odds of CSDS increased 1.34 times (1.20 - 1.49). CONCLUSIONS Worsening hearing in the right and left ears individually was associated with increased depressive symptoms and odds of CSDS. No ear laterality was demonstrated.
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35
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Sydnor VJ, Cieslak M, Duprat R, Deluisi J, Flounders MW, Long H, Scully M, Balderston NL, Sheline YI, Bassett DS, Satterthwaite TD, Oathes DJ. Cortical-subcortical structural connections support transcranial magnetic stimulation engagement of the amygdala. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn5803. [PMID: 35731882 PMCID: PMC9217085 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn5803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The amygdala processes valenced stimuli, influences emotion, and exhibits aberrant activity across anxiety disorders, depression, and PTSD. Interventions modulating amygdala activity hold promise as transdiagnostic psychiatric treatments. In 45 healthy participants, we investigated whether transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) elicits indirect changes in amygdala activity when applied to ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), a region important for emotion regulation. Harnessing in-scanner interleaved TMS/functional MRI (fMRI), we reveal that vlPFC neurostimulation evoked acute and focal modulations of amygdala fMRI BOLD signal. Larger TMS-evoked changes in the amygdala were associated with higher fiber density in a vlPFC-amygdala white matter pathway when stimulating vlPFC but not an anatomical control, suggesting this pathway facilitated stimulation-induced communication between cortex and subcortex. This work provides evidence of amygdala engagement by TMS, highlighting stimulation of vlPFC-amygdala circuits as a candidate treatment for transdiagnostic psychopathology. More broadly, it indicates that targeting cortical-subcortical structural connections may enhance the impact of TMS on subcortical neural activity and, by extension, subcortex-subserved behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J. Sydnor
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew Cieslak
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Romain Duprat
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Deluisi
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew W. Flounders
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hannah Long
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Morgan Scully
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Balderston
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yvette I. Sheline
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dani S. Bassett
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Theodore D. Satterthwaite
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Desmond J. Oathes
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress (CNDS), Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Brain Science, Translation, Innovation, and Modulation Center (brainSTIM), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Wong JJ, Wong NML, Chang DHF, Qi D, Chen L, Lee TMC. Amygdala-pons connectivity is hyperactive and associated with symptom severity in depression. Commun Biol 2022; 5:574. [PMID: 35688901 PMCID: PMC9187701 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the neural underpinnings of processing sad information and how it differs in people with depression could elucidate the neural mechanisms perpetuating sad mood in depression. Here, we conduct a 7 T fMRI study to delineate the neural correlates involved only in processing sad information, including pons, amygdala, and corticolimbic regions. We then conduct a 3 T fMRI study to examine the resting-state connectivity in another sample of people with and without depression. Only clinically depressed people demonstrate hyperactive amygdala–pons connectivity. Furthermore, this connectivity is related to depression symptom severity and is a significant indicator of depression. We speculate that visual sad information reinforces depressed mood and stimulates the pons, strengthening the amygdala–pons connectivity. The relationship between this connectivity and depressive symptom severity suggests that guiding one’s visual attention and processing of sad information may benefit mood regulation. A study on patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) suggests that a specific sadness-processing connection between the amygdala and pons appears to be dysfunctional among people with MDD and associated with severity of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jun Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nichol M L Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dorita H F Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Hong Kong, China.
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Cenkner DP, Burgess HJ, Huizenga B, Duval ER, Kim HM, Phan KL, Liberzon I, Klumpp H, Abelson J, Horwitz A, Mooney A, Raglan GB, Zalta AK. Morning light treatment for traumatic stress: The role of amygdala reactivity study protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269502. [PMID: 35675275 PMCID: PMC9176814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Exposure to trauma can result in various mental health disorders including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies exist for the treatment of these disorders, many individuals fail to receive treatment and among those who do, many remain symptomatic. Therefore, it is critical to continue developing new interventions for traumatic stress that target underlying mechanisms of pathology and offer a safe and acceptable alternative to current treatments. Morning light treatment has good potential as a novel non-invasive, low risk treatment for traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that morning light may improve traumatic stress by reducing reactivity in the amygdala, a brain region implicated in the pathophysiology of PTSD and anatomically linked to circadian photoreceptors in the eye.
Methods
In this study, we aim to establish a significant dose-response relationship between duration of morning light treatment and reduction in amygdala reactivity among individuals with traumatic stress symptoms (NCT# 04117347). Using a transdiagnostic approach, sixty-six individuals with a history of a DSM-5 criterion A trauma and traumatic stress symptoms will be recruited to participate in a 5-week study. Participants will be randomized across three treatment arms based on morning light treatment duration: 15-minutes, 30-minutes, or 60-minutes of light treatment per day for four weeks. To evaluate amygdala activity, participants will undergo fMRI at pre-treatment, mid-treatment, and post-treatment. Participants will also complete clinical assessments and self-report measures of PTSD, depression, and anxiety at pre-treatment, mid-treatment, and post-treatment.
Discussion
Morning light therapy may be an acceptable, feasible, and effective treatment for individuals suffering from traumatic stress. Identifying mechanistically relevant targets, and the doses needed to impact them, are critical steps in developing this new treatment approach for the sequelae of traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P. Cenkner
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Helen J. Burgess
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Brooke Huizenga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth R. Duval
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- Consulting for Statistics, Computing & Analytics Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - K. Luan Phan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, Bryan, Texas, United States of America
| | - Heide Klumpp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - James Abelson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Adam Horwitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ann Mooney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Greta B. Raglan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Alyson K. Zalta
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Jones P. Mindfulness and Nondual Well-Being – What is the Evidence that We Can Stay Happy? REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/10892680221093013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Research into subjective well-being (SWB) focuses on conducive life conditions, healthy cognitive-affective processes and adaptive behaviours, however, in this model, well-being fluctuates based on changing mental and physical phenomena. This inquiry explores the possibility that we can have a nondual experience of well-being that is unaffected by such movements and investigates if the literature supports this. The assertion in traditional mindfulness that the sense of self is constructed and responsible for such fluctuations is explored, along with what evidence there is that mindfulness practices deliver relevant cognitive and behavioural correlates associated with such a way of being. Proposed preconditions include (a) nondual awareness or the perception of no-self; (b) increased positive affect, decreased negative affect, and increased self-lessness; (c) increased capacity to maintain (or protect) well-being including heightened emotional self-regulation and resilience to aversive stimuli. Research findings provide some evidence that the sense of self can be both constructed and deconstructed, and that mindfulness training may target psychological dimensions that could contribute to an experience of well-being that transcends the impact of life conditions. Recommendations are made for a collaborative relationship between SWB research and mindfulness to expand the inquiry into possible causes and conditions of ‘nondual well-being’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jones
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education (SHEE), Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Increased neural responses to negative facial emotions and their relationship with dysfunctional attitudes among unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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40
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Riluzole prevents stress-induced spine plasticity in the hippocampus but mimics it in the amygdala. Neurobiol Stress 2022; 18:100442. [PMID: 35330860 PMCID: PMC8938913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress elicits divergent patterns of structural plasticity in the amygdala and hippocampus. Despite these contrasting effects, at least one of the immediate consequences of stress – elevated levels of extracellular glutamate – is similar in both brain areas. This raises the possibility that the contrasting effects of stress on neuronal plasticity is shaped by differences in astrocytic glutamate clearance in these two brain areas. Although astrocytes play a key role in glutamate reuptake, past analyses of, and interventions against, stress-induced plasticity have focused largely on neurons. Hence, we tested the impact of riluzole, which potentiates glutamate clearance by astrocytic glutamate transporters, on principal neurons and astrocytes in the basal amygdala (BA) and hippocampal area CA1. Chronic immobilization stress reduced spine-density on CA1 pyramidal neurons of male rats. Riluzole, administered in the drinking water during chronic stress, prevented this decrease; but, the drug by itself had no effect. In contrast, the same chronic stress enhanced spine-density on BA principal neurons, and this effect, unlike area CA1, was not reversed by riluzole. Strikingly, riluzole treatment alone also caused spinogenesis in the BA. Thus, the same riluzole treatment that prevented the effect of stress on spines in the hippocampus, mimicked its effect in the amygdala. Further, chronic stress and riluzole alone decreased the neuropil volume occupied by astrocytes in both the BA and CA1 area. Riluzole treatment in stressed animals, however, did not reverse or further add to this reduction in either region. Thus, while the effects on astrocytes were similar, neuronal changes were distinct between the two areas following stress, riluzole and the two together. Therefore, similar to the impact of repeated stress, pharmacological potentiation of glutamate clearance, with or without stress, also leads to differential effects on dendritic spines in principal neurons of the amygdala and hippocampus. This highlights differences in the astrocytic glutamate reuptake machinery that are likely to have important functional consequences for stress-induced dysfunction, and its reversal, in two brain areas implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Zhou D, Yu H, Yao H, Yuan S, Xia Y, Huang L, Shen Y, Zhang J, Chen W. A novel joint index based on peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio, albumin level, and monocyte count to determine the severity of major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:248. [PMID: 35395781 PMCID: PMC8991892 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and immune status are correlated with the severity of major depressive disorder (MDD).The purpose of this study was to establish an optimization model of peripheral blood parameters to predict the severity of MDD. METHODS MDD severity in the training and validation cohorts (n = 99 and 97) was classified using the Hamilton Depression Scale, Thirty-eight healthy individuals as controls. Significant severity-associated factors were identified using a multivariate logistic model and combined to develop a joint index through binary logistic regression analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to identify the optimal model and evaluate the discriminative performance of the index. RESULTS In the training cohort, lower CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio, albumin level, and a higher monocyte percentage (M%) were significant as operating sociated with severe disease (P < 0.05 for all). The index was developed using these factors and calculated as CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio, albumin level, and M%, with a sensitivity and specificity of 90 and 70%, respectively. The AUC values for the index in the training and validation cohorts were 0.85 and 0.75, respectively, indicating good discriminative performance. CONCLUSION We identified disease severity-associated joint index that could be easily evaluated: CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio, albumin level, and M%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechun Zhou
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016 China ,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ciwu branch of Zhuji Peoples Hospital, Shaoxing, 311815 China
| | - Hongfeng Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuji Peoples Hospital, Shaoxing, 311899 China
| | - Hongfeng Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuji Peoples Hospital, Shaoxing, 311899 China
| | - Shijin Yuan
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016 China
| | - Yan Xia
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016 China
| | - Lei Huang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016 China
| | - Yuedi Shen
- Department of Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun East Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China. .,Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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Interactive effects of job stressor and chronotype on depressive symptoms in day shift and rotating shift workers. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Granger SJ, Adams JG, Kark SM, Sathishkumar MT, Chen IY, Benca RM, McMillan L, Janecek JT, Yassa MA. Latent anxiety in clinical depression is associated with worse recognition of emotional stimuli. J Affect Disord 2022; 301:368-377. [PMID: 34999127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder, characterized by cognitive affective biases, is a considerable public health challenge. Past work has shown that higher depressive symptoms are associated with augmented memory of negative stimuli. In contrast, anxiety symptoms have been associated with overgeneralization of emotional memories. Given the high comorbidity of depression and anxiety, it is critical to understand how cognitive affective biases are differentially associated with clinical symptoms. METHOD We used continuous measures of depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI-II]) and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI]) to evaluate an adult sample (N = 79; 18-41 years old, 58 female). Emotional memory discrimination and recognition memory were tested using an emotional discrimination task. We applied exploratory factor analysis to questions from the BAI and BDI-II to uncover latent constructs consisting of negative affect, anhedonia, somatic anxiety, and cognitive anxiety. RESULTS We report evidence that anxious symptoms were associated with impaired recognition of negative items after accounting for age and sex. Our exploratory factor analysis revealed that impaired negative item recognition is largely associated with somatic and cognitive anxiety factors. LIMITATIONS Interpretations in a mixed pathology sample, especially given collinearity among factors, may be difficult. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that somatic and cognitive anxiety are related to impaired recognition memory for negative stimuli. Future clinical investigations should uncover the neurobiological basis supporting the link between recognition of negative stimuli and somatic/cognitive symptoms of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Granger
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Joren G Adams
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Sarah M Kark
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Mithra T Sathishkumar
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Ivy Y Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, 1418 Biological Sciences 3, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Ruth M Benca
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, 1418 Biological Sciences 3, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Liv McMillan
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - John T Janecek
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Michael A Yassa
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, 1418 Biological Sciences 3, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Zan GY, Sun X, Wang YJ, Liu R, Wang CY, Du WJ, Guo LB, Chai JR, Li QL, Liu ZQ, Liu JG. Amygdala dynorphin/κ opioid receptor system modulates depressive-like behavior in mice following chronic social defeat stress. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:577-587. [PMID: 34035484 PMCID: PMC8888759 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression disorder is a severe and recurrent neuropsychological disorder characterized by lowered mood and social activity and cognitive impairment. Owing to unclear molecular mechanisms of depression, limited interventions are available in clinic. In this study we investigated the role of dynorphin/κ opioid receptor system in the development of depression. Mice were subjected to chronic social defeat stress for 14 days. Chronic social defeat stress induced significant social avoidance in mice characterized by decreased time duration in the interaction zone and increased time duration in the corner zone. Pre-administration of a κ opioid receptor antagonist norBNI (10 mg/kg, i.p.) could prevent the development of social avoidance induced by chronic social defeat stress. Social avoidance was not observed in κ opioid receptor knockout mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress. We further revealed that social defeat stress activated c-fos and ERK signaling in the amygdala without affecting the NAc, hippocampus and hypothalamus, and ERK activation was blocked by systemic injection of norBNI. Finally, the expression of dynorphin A, the endogenous ligand of κ opioid receptor, was significantly increased in the amygdala following social defeat stress; microinjection of norBNI into the amygdala prevented the development of depressive-like behaviors caused by social defeat stress. The present study demonstrates that upregulated dynorphin/κ opioid receptor system in the amygdala leads to the emergence of depression following chronic social defeat stress, and sheds light on κ opioid receptor antagonists as potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of depression following chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-ying Zan
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China ,grid.419093.60000 0004 0619 8396Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- grid.252251.30000 0004 1757 8247Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yu-jun Wang
- grid.419093.60000 0004 0619 8396Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Liu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Chen-yao Wang
- grid.419093.60000 0004 0619 8396Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-jia Du
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Liu-bin Guo
- grid.419093.60000 0004 0619 8396Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing-rui Chai
- grid.419093.60000 0004 0619 8396Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing-lin Li
- grid.252251.30000 0004 1757 8247Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Zhi-qiang Liu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jing-gen Liu
- grid.419093.60000 0004 0619 8396Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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45
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Davey CG, Harrison BJ. The self on its axis: a framework for understanding depression. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:23. [PMID: 35042843 PMCID: PMC8766552 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The self is experienced differently in depression. It is infused with pervasive low mood, and structured by negative self-related thoughts. The concept of the self has been difficult to define-one of the reasons it is now infrequently an object of enquiry for psychiatry-but findings from functional brain imaging and other neuroscience studies have provided new insights. They have elucidated how the self is supported by complex, hierarchical brain processes. Bodily sensations rise through the spinal cord, brainstem, and subcortical regions through to cortical networks, with the default mode network sitting at the apex, integrating interoceptive signals with information about the extended social environment. We discuss how this forms a "self axis", and demonstrate how this axis is set awry by depression. Our self-axis model of depression establishes a new perspective on the disorder. It emphasises the multi-level nature of depression, and how impacts made at different explanatory levels influence others along the axis. It suggests that diverse treatments might be effective for depression, from lifestyle interventions to psychotherapies to medications: they target different aspects of the self, but changes at one level of the self axis can affect others along it. Our framework for depression establishes a central role for the self, which might again become a useful focus of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G. Davey
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Ben J. Harrison
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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Domínguez-Borràs J, Vuilleumier P. Amygdala function in emotion, cognition, and behavior. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 187:359-380. [PMID: 35964983 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823493-8.00015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The amygdala is a core structure in the anterior medial temporal lobe, with an important role in several brain functions involving memory, emotion, perception, social cognition, and even awareness. As a key brain structure for saliency detection, it triggers and controls widespread modulatory signals onto multiple areas of the brain, with a great impact on numerous aspects of adaptive behavior. Here we discuss the neural mechanisms underlying these functions, as established by animal and human research, including insights provided in both healthy and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Domínguez-Borràs
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology & Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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47
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Pizzagalli DA, Roberts AC. Prefrontal cortex and depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:225-246. [PMID: 34341498 PMCID: PMC8617037 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has emerged as one of the regions most consistently impaired in major depressive disorder (MDD). Although functional and structural PFC abnormalities have been reported in both individuals with current MDD as well as those at increased vulnerability to MDD, this information has not translated into better treatment and prevention strategies. Here, we argue that dissecting depressive phenotypes into biologically more tractable dimensions - negative processing biases, anhedonia, despair-like behavior (learned helplessness) - affords unique opportunities for integrating clinical findings with mechanistic evidence emerging from preclinical models relevant to depression, and thereby promises to improve our understanding of MDD. To this end, we review and integrate clinical and preclinical literature pertinent to these core phenotypes, while emphasizing a systems-level approach, treatment effects, and whether specific PFC abnormalities are causes or consequences of MDD. In addition, we discuss several key issues linked to cross-species translation, including functional brain homology across species, the importance of dissecting neural pathways underlying specific functional domains that can be fruitfully probed across species, and the experimental approaches that best ensure translatability. Future directions and clinical implications of this burgeoning literature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Pizzagalli
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School & McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
| | - Angela C Roberts
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Geller WN, Liu K, Warren SL. Specificity of anhedonic alterations in resting-state network connectivity and structure: A transdiagnostic approach. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 317:111349. [PMID: 34399282 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anhedonia is a prominent characteristic of depression and related pathology that is associated with a prolonged course of mood disturbance and treatment resistance. However, the neurobiological mechanisms of anhedonia are poorly understood as few studies have disentangled the specific effects of anhedonia from other co-occurring symptoms. Here, we take a transdiagnostic, dimensional approach to distinguish anhedonia alterations from other internalizing symptoms on intrinsic functional brain circuits. 53 adults with varying degrees of anxiety and/or depression completed resting-state fMRI. Neural networks were identified through independent components analysis. Dual regression was used to characterize within-network functional connectivity alterations associated with individual differences in anhedonia. Modulation of between-network functional connectivity by anhedonia was tested using region-of-interest to region-of-interest correlational analyses. Anhedonia was associated with visual network hyperconnectivity and expansion of the visual, dorsal attention, and default networks. Additionally, anhedonia was associated with decreased between-network connectivity among default, salience, dorsal attention, somatomotor, and visual networks. Findings suggest that anhedonia is associated with aberrant connectivity and structural alterations in resting-state networks that contribute to impairments in reward learning, low motivation, and negativity bias characteristic of depression. Results reveal dissociable effects of anhedonia on resting-state network dynamics, characterizing possible neurocircuit mechanisms for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney N Geller
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Kevin Liu
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Stacie L Warren
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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49
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Wang S, Liu X, Shi W, Qi Q, Zhang G, Li Y, Cong B, Zuo M. Mechanism of Chronic Stress-Induced Glutamatergic Neuronal Damage in the Basolateral Amygdaloid Nucleus. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2021; 2021:8388527. [PMID: 34858775 PMCID: PMC8632434 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8388527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a ubiquitous part of our life, while appropriate stress levels can help improve the body's adaptability to the environment. However, sustained and excessive levels of stress can lead to the occurrence of multiple devastating diseases. As an emotional center, the amygdala plays a key role in the regulation of stress-induced psycho-behavioral disorders. The structural changes in the amygdala have been shown to affect its functional characteristics. The amygdala-related neurotransmitter imbalance is closely related to psychobehavioral abnormalities. However, the mechanism of structural and functional changes of glutamatergic neurons in the amygdala induced by stress has not been fully elucidated. Here, we identified that chronic stress could lead to the degeneration and death of glutamatergic neurons in the lateral amygdaloid nucleus, resulting in neuroendocrine and psychobehavioral disorders. Therefore, our studies further suggest that the Protein Kinase R-like ER Kinase (PERK) pathway may be therapeutically targeted as one of the key mechanisms of stress-induced glutamatergic neuronal degeneration and death in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjun Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weibo Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Qi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingmin Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Cong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Min Zuo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Pasquereau B, Drui G, Saga Y, Richard A, Millot M, Météreau E, Sgambato V, Tobler PN, Tremblay L. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment retunes emotional valence in primate ventral striatum. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2073-2082. [PMID: 33692476 PMCID: PMC8505611 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-00991-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used to treat psychiatric disorders with affective biases such as depression and anxiety. How SSRIs exert a beneficial action on emotions associated with life events is still unknown. Here we ask whether and how the effectiveness of the SSRI fluoxetine is underpinned by neural mechanisms in the ventral striatum. To address these issues, we studied the spiking activity of neurons in the ventral striatum of monkeys during an approach-avoidance task in which the valence assigned to sensory stimuli was manipulated. Neural responses to positive and negative events were measured before and during a 4-week treatment with fluoxetine. We conducted PET scans to confirm that fluoxetine binds within the ventral striatum at a therapeutic dose. In our monkeys, fluoxetine facilitated approach of rewards and avoidance of punishments. These beneficial effects were associated with changes in tonic and phasic activities of striatal neurons. Fluoxetine increased the spontaneous firing rate of striatal neurons and amplified the number of cells responding to rewards versus punishments, reflecting a drug-induced positive shift in the processing of emotionally valenced information. These findings reveal how SSRI treatment affects ventral striatum neurons encoding positive and negative valence and striatal signaling of emotional information. In addition to a key role in appetitive processing, our results shed light on the involvement of the ventral striatum in aversive processing. Together, the ventral striatum appears to play a central role in the action of SSRIs on emotion processing biases commonly observed in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pasquereau
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France. .,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Guillaume Drui
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yosuke Saga
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Augustin Richard
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mathilde Millot
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elise Météreau
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Véronique Sgambato
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe N. Tobler
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Léon Tremblay
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bron Cedex, France ,grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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