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Pekel G, Ari F. Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Metabolism with Triosephosphate Isomerase. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000012. [PMID: 32180338 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The increase in glycolytic flux in cancer, known as aerobic glycolysis, is one of the most important hallmarks of cancer. Therefore, glycolytic enzymes have importance in understanding the molecular mechanism of cancer progression. Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) is one of the key glycolytic enzymes. Furthermore, it takes a part in gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway and fatty acid biosynthesis. To date, it has been shown altered levels of TPI in various cancer types, especially in metastatic phenotype. According to other studies, TPI might be considered as a potential therapeutic target and a cancer-related biomarker in different types of cancer. However, its function in tumor formation and development has not been fully understood. Here, we reviewed the relationship between TPI and cancer for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Pekel
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ari
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
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2
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Energy Metabolism in Cancer: The Roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in the Regulation of Metabolism-Related Genes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010124. [PMID: 31947710 PMCID: PMC7016889 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A central characteristic of many types of cancer is altered energy metabolism processes such as enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), which reduces oxidative metabolism, and some other proteins such as tumour suppressors that promote oxidative phosphorylation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in metabolism regulation. STAT3 and STAT5 are essential regulators of cytokine- or growth factor-induced cell survival and proliferation, as well as the crosstalk between STAT signalling and oxidative metabolism. Several reports suggest that the constitutive activation of STAT proteins promotes glycolysis through the transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and therefore, the alteration of mitochondrial activity. It seems that STAT proteins function as an integrative centre for different growth and survival signals for energy and respiratory metabolism. This review summarises the functions of STAT3 and STAT5 in the regulation of some metabolism-related genes and the importance of oxygen in the tumour microenvironment to regulate cell metabolism, particularly in the metabolic pathways that are involved in energy production in cancer cells.
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Bánová Vulić R, Zdurienčíková M, Tyčiaková S, Benada O, Dubrovčáková M, Lakota J, Škultéty Ľ. Silencing of carbonic anhydrase I enhances the malignant potential of exosomes secreted by prostatic tumour cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3641-3655. [PMID: 30916466 PMCID: PMC6484292 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report results showing that the silencing of carbonic anhydrase I (siCA1) in prostatic (PC3) tumour cells has a significant impact on exosome formation. An increased diameter, concentration and diversity of the produced exosomes were noticed as a consequence of this knock‐down. The protein composition of the exosomes' cargo was also altered. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses identified 42 proteins significantly altered in PC3 siCA1 exosomes compared with controls. The affected proteins are mainly involved in metabolic processes, biogenesis, cell component organization and defense/immunity. Interestingly, almost all of them have been described as ‘enhancers' of tumour development through the promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Thus, our results indicate that the reduced expression of the CA1 protein enhances the malignant potential of PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oldřich Benada
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ján Lakota
- Biomedical Research Center SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Center of Experimental Medicine SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľudovít Škultéty
- Biomedical Research Center SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
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4
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Lone SN, Maqbool R, Parray FQ, Ul Hussain M. Triose-phosphate isomerase is a novel target of miR-22 and miR-28, with implications in tumorigenesis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8919-8929. [PMID: 29856481 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is the hallmark of many cancer cells that results in a high rate of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and, more importantly, biosynthetic intermediates, which are required by the fast-growing tumor cells. The molecular mechanism responsible for the increased glycolytic influx of tumor cells is still not fully understood. In the present study, we have attempted to address the above question by exploring the role of the glycolytic enzyme, triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI), in the cancer cells. The western blot analysis of the 30 human colorectal cancer samples depicted higher post-transcriptional expression of TPI in the tumor tissue relative to the normal tissue. In addition, we identified two novel microRNAs, miR-22 and miR-28, that target the TPI messenger RNA (mRNA) and regulate its expression. miR-22 and the miR-28 showed significant inverse expression status viz-a-viz the expression of the TPI. The specificity of the miR-22/28 regulation of the TPI mRNA was confirmed by various biochemical and mutagenic assays. Moreover, the hypoxia conditions resulted in an increased expression of the TPI protein, with a concomitant decrease in miR-22/28. The physiological significance of the TPI and miR-22/28 interaction for the glycolytic influx was confirmed by the l-lactate production in the HCT-116+/+ cells. Overall, our data demonstrate the novel microRNA mediated post-transcriptional regulation of the TPI glycolytic enzyme, which may be one of the possible reasons for the increased glycolytic capacity of the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saife Niaz Lone
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Raihana Maqbool
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Government Degree College, Sumbal, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Fazl Q Parray
- Department of General Surgery, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mahboob Ul Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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5
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Chen T, Huang Z, Tian Y, Lin B, He R, Wang H, Ouyang P, Chen H, Wu L. Clinical significance and prognostic value of Triosephosphate isomerase expression in gastric cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6865. [PMID: 28489783 PMCID: PMC5428617 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) is highly expressed in many human cancers and is involved in migration and invasion of cancer cells. However, TPI clinicopathological significance and prognostic value in gastric cancer (GC) are not yet well defined. The aim of the present work was to evaluate TPI expression in GC tissue and its prognostic value in GC patients.TPI expression was analyzed in 92 primary GC tissues and 80 adjacent normal mucosa tissues from GC patients undergoing gastrectomy by immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays (TMAs). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate TPI prognostic significance in GC patients.Immunohistochemical staining score showed that TPI expression in cancer tissues was significantly higher than in adjacent normal mucosa (P < .001). Univariate analysis revealed that TPI expression, depth of invasion, lympho node metastasis, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and tumor diameter were associated with negative prognostic predictors for overall survival in GC patients (P < .05). High TPI expression represented a significant predictor of shorter survival in GC patients with positive lymphatic metastasis (P = .022) and tumor diameter >5 cm (P = .018). Cox multivariate analysis identified TPI expression, TNM stage, and tumor diameter as independent prognostic factors in GC patients.TPI expression might be considered as a novel prognostic factor to evaluate GC patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong
| | - Yunxiao Tian
- Department of Pathology, Handan Central Hospital, Hebei
| | - Bode Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong
| | - Rongwei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong
| | - Haiwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Handan Central Hospital, Hebei
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Scientific Research Centre, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong
| | - Haoqin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalang Hospital of Dongguan City, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalang Hospital of Dongguan City, Guangdong, China
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6
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Gao H, Zheng Z, Mao Y, Wang W, Qiao Y, Zhou L, Liu F, He H, Zhao X. Identification of tumor antigens that elicit a humoral immune response in the sera of Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients by modified serological proteome analysis. Cancer Lett 2013; 344:54-61. [PMID: 24157810 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to identify novel tumor-associated antigens from the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell line EC0156, and related autoantibodies in sera from patients with ESCC. We used modified serological proteome analysis, involving one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis, Western blot, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS to identify 6 ESCC-associated antigens. From these, 105 kDa heat shock protein (HSP105) and triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) were further evaluated and we determined they could induce autoantibody responses in ESCC sera and are highly expressed in ESCC tissues. Anti-HSP105 and anti-TIM autoantibodies were found in 39.1% (18/46) and 34.8% (16/46) of patients with ESCC, respectively, but only in two controls. A receiver operating characteristic curve constructed with HSP105 and TIM gave a sensitivity of 54.3% and 95% (38/40) specificity in discriminating ESCC from matched controls. Interestingly, we found that autoantibodies against TIM in ESCC serum mainly reacted with glycosylated but not deglycosylated TIM. The preliminary results suggest the potential utility of screening autoantibodies in sera for use as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Gao
- Clinical Laboratory of China Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhaoxu Zheng
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yousheng Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- Center for Basic Medical Science, Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lanping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaohang Zhao
- Center for Basic Medical Science, Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
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7
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Díaz-Chávez J, Fonseca-Sánchez MA, Arechaga-Ocampo E, Flores-Pérez A, Palacios-Rodríguez Y, Domínguez-Gómez G, Marchat LA, Fuentes-Mera L, Mendoza-Hernández G, Gariglio P, López-Camarillo C. Proteomic profiling reveals that resveratrol inhibits HSP27 expression and sensitizes breast cancer cells to doxorubicin therapy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64378. [PMID: 23724044 PMCID: PMC3664632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of chemopreventive natural compounds represents a promising strategy in the search for novel therapeutic agents in cancer. Resveratrol (3,4′,5-trans-trihydroxystilbilene) is a dietary polyphenol found in fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants that exhibits chemopreventive and antitumor effects. In this study, we searched for modulated proteins with preventive or therapeutic potential in MCF-7 breast cancer cells exposed to resveratrol. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis we found significant changes (FC >2.0; p≤0.05) in the expression of 16 proteins in resveratrol-treated MCF-7 cells. Six down-regulated proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) as heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), translationally-controlled tumor protein, peroxiredoxin-6, stress-induced-phosphoprotein-1, pyridoxine-5′-phosphate oxidase-1 and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase; whereas one up-regulated protein was identified as triosephosphate isomerase. Particularly, HSP27 overexpression has been associated to apoptosis inhibition and resistance of human cancer cells to therapy. Consistently, we demonstrated that resveratrol induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Apoptosis was associated with a significant increase in mitochondrial permeability transition, cytochrome c release in cytoplasm, and caspases -3 and -9 independent cell death. Then, we evaluated the chemosensitization effect of increasing concentrations of resveratrol in combination with doxorubicin anti-neoplastic agent in vitro. We found that resveratrol effectively sensitize MCF-7 cells to cytotoxic therapy. Next, we evaluated the relevance of HSP27 targeted inhibition in therapy effectiveness. Results evidenced that HSP27 inhibition using RNA interference enhances the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin. In conclusion, our data indicate that resveratrol may improve the therapeutic effects of doxorubicin in part by cell death induction. We propose that potential modulation of HSP27 levels using natural alternative agents, as resveratrol, may be an effective adjuvant in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Díaz-Chávez
- Carcinogenesis Laboratory, National Institute of Cancerology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A. Fonseca-Sánchez
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Genomics Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ali Flores-Pérez
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Genomics Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yadira Palacios-Rodríguez
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Genomics Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Laurence A. Marchat
- Molecular Biomedicine Program and Biotechnology Network, National School of Medicine and Homeopathy, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lizeth Fuentes-Mera
- Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility Laboratory, General “Dr. Manuel Gea González” Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Patricio Gariglio
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Department, Center of Research and Advances Studies, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Genomics Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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8
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Differentially Expressed Proteins between Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adjacent Normal Esophageal Tissue. J Med Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10011-011-0048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentially Expressed Proteins between Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adjacent Normal Esophageal Tissue
Proteomics was employed to identify the differentially expressed proteins between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adjacent normal esophageal tissues. ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 10 patients with ESCC and the proteins were extracted and subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differentially expressed proteins were identified after image analysis, and matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used to confirm these proteins. Immunohistochemistry was then performed to detect the expressions of HSP27 and ANX1 in ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. A total of 6 differentially expressed proteins were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting, among which SCCA1, KRT4 and ANX1 were down-regulated and TIM1, MnSOD and HSP27 up-regulated in the ESCC. Immunohistochemistry showed HSP27 was highly expressed in the ESCC which, however, had a low expression of ANX1. These findings were consistent with those in proteomics. There were differentially expressed proteins between ESCC and adjacent normal tissues. The investigation of differentially expressed proteins between ESCC and normal esophageal tissue may provide evidence for the molecular pathogenesis of ESCC.
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9
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2D-PAGE of ovarian cancer: Analysis of soluble and insoluble fractions using medium-range immobilized pH gradients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 406:408-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Identification and expression of two new secretory proteins associated with prostate cancer. YI CHUAN = HEREDITAS 2010; 32:235-41. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2010.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Zhang XZ, Xiao ZF, Li C, Xiao ZQ, Yang F, Li DJ, Li MY, Li F, Chen ZC. Triosephosphate isomerase and peroxiredoxin 6, two novel serum markers for human lung squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:2396-401. [PMID: 19737146 PMCID: PMC11159988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01314.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently substantial interest in the identification of human tumor antigens for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer. In our previous study, secretion character and up-regulation of triosephosphate isomerase were observed in lung squamous cell carcinoma, and autoantibodies against triosephosphate isomerase and peroxiredoxin 6 were detected in the sera from over 25% of patients, but in none of the healthy controls. In this study, peroxiredoxin 6 was also found at higher levels in the sera of the patients. Up-regulated triosephosphate isomerase and peroxiredoxin 6 were further validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in an additional 61 lung squamous cell carcinoma patients, 23 lung adenocarcinoma patients, 56 other types of carcinoma patients, 12 benign lung disease patients, and 59 healthy controls. We found that both triosephosphate isomerase and peroxiredoxin 6 were specifically elevated in lung squamous cell carcinoma sera compared with other groups, with the exception of peroxiredoxin 6 in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Positive correlation between triosephosphate isomerase and distant metastasis was found. At the cut-off point 0.221 (optical density value) on the receiver operating characteristic curve, triosephosphate isomerase could comparatively discriminate lung squamous cell carcinoma from healthy controls with a sensitivity of 65.6%, specificity 84.7%, and total accuracy 75%. For peroxiredoxin 6, at the cut-off point 0.151, it could discriminate the two groups with a sensitivity of 70.5%, specificity 62.7%, and total accuracy 65.8%. With both triosephosphate isomerase and peroxiredoxin 6, discriminant analysis results showed that 68.9% of the lung squamous cell carcinoma and 83.1% of healthy controls were correctly classified. We concluded that triosephosphate isomerase and peroxiredoxin 6 could be markers for lung squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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12
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Qi YJ, He QY, Ma YF, Du YW, Liu GC, Li YJ, Tsao GSW, Ngai SM, Chiu JF. Proteomic identification of malignant transformation-related proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2008; 104:1625-35. [PMID: 18320592 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) persists to be a leading cancer-related death in northern China. Clinical outcome of EC is the most dismal among many types of digestive tumors because EC at early stage is asymptomatic. The current study used 2-DE-based proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins between esophageal cancer cell lines and immortal cell line. Fifteen proteins were identified with differences of more than five folds, comprising the down-regulation of annexin A2, histone deacetylase 10 isoform beta and protein disulfide-isomerase ER-60 precursor, and the up-regulation of heat shock 70 kDa protein 9B precursor, solute carrier family 44 Member 3, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP L), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A isoform 2, triosephosphate isomerase1 (TPI), peroxiredoxin1 (PRX1), forminotransferase cyclodeaminase form (FTCD), fibrinogen gamma-A chain precursor, kinesin-like DNA binding protein, lamin A/C, cyclophilin A (CypA), and transcription factor MTSG1. Expression pattern of annexin A2 was verified by Western blotting, immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry analysis. The implication of these protein alterations correlated to the esophageal malignant transformation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, Henan University, Keifeng, Henan 475000, China
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McCaw DL, Chan AS, Stegner AL, Mooney B, Bryan JN, Turnquist SE, Henry CJ, Alexander H, Alexander S. Proteomics of canine lymphoma identifies potential cancer-specific protein markers. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:2496-503. [PMID: 17438110 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-2699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early diagnosis of cancer is crucial for the success of treatment of the disease, and there is a need for markers whose differential expression between disease and normal tissue could be used as a diagnostic tool. Spontaneously occurring malignancies in pets provide a logical tool for translational research for human oncology. Lymphoma, one of the most common neoplasms in dogs, is similar to human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and could serve as an experimental model system. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Thirteen lymph nodes from normal dogs and 11 lymph nodes from dogs with B-cell lymphoma were subjected to proteomic analysis using two-dimensional PAGE separation and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis. RESULTS A total of 93 differentially expressed spots was subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis, and several proteins that showed differential expression were identified. Of these, prolidase (proline dipeptidase), triosephosphate isomerase, and glutathione S-transferase were down-regulated in lymphoma samples, whereas macrophage capping protein was up-regulated in the lymphoma samples. CONCLUSIONS These proteins represent potential markers for the diagnosis of lymphoma and should be further investigated in human samples for validation of their utility as diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dudley L McCaw
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
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Nemunaitis J, Senzer N, Khalil I, Shen Y, Kumar P, Tong A, Kuhn J, Lamont J, Nemunaitis M, Rao D, Zhang YA, Zhou Y, Vorhies J, Maples P, Hill C, Shanahan D. Proof concept for clinical justification of network mapping for personalized cancer therapeutics. Cancer Gene Ther 2007; 14:686-95. [PMID: 17541424 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To identify signature targets associated with patient-specific cancer lesions based on tumor versus normal tissue differential protein and mRNA coexpression patterns for the purpose of synthesizing cancer-specific customized RNA interference knockdown therapeutics. Analysis of biopsied tissue involved two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) analysis coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry for proteomic assessment. Standard microarray techniques were utilized for mRNA analysis. Priority was assigned to overexpressed protein targets with co-overexpressed genes with a high likelihood of functional nodal centrality in the cancer network as defined by the interactive databases BIND, HPRD and ResNet. HPLC-grade small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes were utilized to assess knockdown of target proteins in expressive cell lines as measured by western blot. Seven patients with metastatic cancer underwent biopsy. One patient (RW001) had biopsies from two disease sites 10 months apart. Seven priority proteins were identified, one for each patient (RACK 1, Ras related nuclear protein, heat-shock 27 kDa protein 1, superoxide dismutase, enolase1, stathmin1 and cofilin1). Prioritized proteins in RW001 from the two disease sites over time were the same. We demonstrated >80% siRNA inhibition of RACK 1 and stathmin1 of inexpressive malignant cell lines with correlated cell kill. Identification of functionally relevant target gene fingerprints, unique to an individual's cancer, is feasible 'at the bedside' and can be utilized to synthesize siRNA knockdown therapeutics. Further animal safety testing followed by clinical study is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nemunaitis
- Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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15
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Katayama M, Nakano H, Ishiuchi A, Wu W, Oshima R, Sakurai J, Nishikawa H, Yamaguchi S, Otsubo T. Protein pattern difference in the colon cancer cell lines examined by two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Surg Today 2006; 36:1085-93. [PMID: 17123137 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-006-3301-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pivotal metastatic processes of colorectal cancer (CRC) have yet to be fully investigated by a comprehensive all-inclusive protein analysis. We used two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) to investigate the protein pattern changes during the metastasis of CRC. Two CRC cell lines were investigated: SW480 derived from the primary lesion and SW620 derived from lymph node metastasis in the same patient. METHODS The two cell lines were compared using 2D-DIGE with a maleimide CyDye fluorescent protein labeling technique, which has an enhanced sensitivity for many proteins at a low concentration. A comprehensive proteomics analysis was performed by the dual-labeling method using Cy3 and Cy5 and by LC/MS/MS. In addition, an in vivo experiment of metastasis using nude mice was performed by the injection of the two cell lines into the spleen. RESULTS Among approximately 1,500 proteins, we detected 9 protein spots with definitively significant changes between the two cell lines. Three out of the nine proteins were validated by a Western blot analysis. Alpha-enolase and triosephosphate isomerase were significantly upregulated in SW620 in comparison to SW480. Annexin A2 (annexin II) was significantly downregulated in SW620 compared to SW480. Neither liver metastasis nor peritoneal dissemination was established in the metastatic experiment using SW480 but some liver and peritoneal metastases occurred in the experiment using SW620. An in vivo metastatic experiment using SW620 showed the expressions of alpha-enolase and triosephosphate isomerase to increase in the liver metastases in comparison to those in the splenic implanted lesion. The expressions of triosephosphate isomerase increased in the peritoneal lesions in comparison to those in the splenic implanted lesion. CONCLUSIONS 2D-DIGE and LC/MS/MS techniques identified nine proteins that increased significantly more in SW620 than in SW480. The finding of our in vivo metastatic experiment suggests that alpha-enolase and triosephosphate isomerase, at least in part, may be associated with the metastatic process of these two cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Katayama
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, St. Marianna University Hospital, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
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Li C, Xiao Z, Chen Z, Zhang X, Li J, Wu X, Li X, Yi H, Li M, Zhu G, Liang S. Proteome analysis of human lung squamous carcinoma. Proteomics 2006; 6:547-58. [PMID: 16342241 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200500256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Few lung cancer-specific molecular markers have been established in regard of "early-stage" diagnosis and prognosis. In this study the proteome analysis of human lung squamous carcinoma (hLSC) was carried out using two strategies to explore the carcinogenic mechanisms and identify its molecular markers more directly and comprehensively. Comparative proteome analysis on 20 hLSC tissues and paired normal bronchial epithelial tissues revealed 76 differential proteins, among which 68 proteins were identified by PMF. The identified proteins fell into three categories: oncoproteins, cell cycle regulators and signaling molecules. To validate the identified differential proteins, the expressions levels of three differential proteins mdm2, c-jun and EGFR were determined by immunohistochemical staining and immunoblots. The results verified proteome analysis results. Serological proteome analysis (SERPA) of ten hLSC tissues was performed to identify the tumor-associated antigens. The results revealed 36 +/- 8 differential proteins reactive with patients' autologous sera, of which 14 proteins were identified. Six of the 14 proteins, alpha enolase, pre-B cell-enhancing factor precursor, triosephosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate mutase 1, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A, and guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta subunit-like protein, were also up-regulated in hLSCs in the comparative proteomic study, which suggests potential application of these 6 hLSC-associated antigens in diagnosis and therapy of hLSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- Key laboratory of cancer proteomics of Chinese ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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Kersten C, Delabie J, Gaudernack G, Smeland EB, Fosså A. Analysis of the autoantibody repertoire in Burkitt's lymphoma patients: frequent response against the transcription factor ATF-2. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2004; 53:1119-26. [PMID: 15185015 PMCID: PMC11032783 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-004-0558-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 04/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, serological identification of tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) by recombinant cDNA expression cloning (SEREX) has enabled the mapping of humoral immune responses against TAAs in various types of cancer. The present paper describes the application of SEREX to Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), a malignancy not previously characterized by SEREX. By using a cDNA library from a BL cell line that does not express IgG, technical difficulties related to background immunoglobulin clones were overcome. Screening with sera from three BL patients revealed immunoreactivity against seven different gene products, six of which represent known human genes. Five proteins had previously been characterized by SEREX in other malignancies or identified as targets of autoantibodies in autoimmune disease. Seroreactivity against ATF-2, a member of the AP-1 transcription factor family, was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis using recombinant ATF-2 protein. Autoantibody responses against ATF-2 were detected by ELISA in 6 of 8 BL patients, compared with 6 of 13 patients with T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL), 5 of 23 patients with follicular lymphoma and 2 of 27 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. In contrast, reactivity was found in only 1 of 50 healthy volunteers. Next, we showed by immunohistochemistry that the activated form of ATF2 (ATF-2pp) was highly expressed in six different BL samples. We conclude that the SEREX approach with a B-cell cDNA source is applicable in NHL. Furthermore, we identified genes with possible involvement in the pathogenesis of BL using this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kersten
- Department of Immunology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310 Oslo, Norway.
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Dong XY, Pang XW, Yu ST, Su YR, Wang HC, Yin YH, Wang YD, Chen WF. Identification of genes differentially expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma by a modified suppression subtractive hybridization method. Int J Cancer 2004; 112:239-48. [PMID: 15352036 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To identify differentially expressed genes in human HCC in China, we applied a modified SSH method for cDNA subtraction. Such modification has made the method more effective for subtraction. We have obtained 36 and 24 differentially expressed cDNA fragments after modified SSH from 4 paired samples of human HCC and non-HCC tissues, respectively. Reverse Northern blotting analysis was performed to further identify the genes differentially expressed in the HCC and non-HCC tissue samples. There were 25 genes really overexpressed in HCC, and their corresponding encoding molecules may reflect the events of cell accelerated metabolism, proliferation, angiogenesis, anti-apoptosis, tumorigenesis (TLH107, TFH9) and the potential for metastasis. Of the 25 genes overexpressed in HCC, 5 were novel and their full-length cDNAs were cloned. These 5 novel genes are functionally associated with the occurrence and development of HCC according to the Database analysis. In the paired non-HCC tissues, there were 15 genes lowly or not expressed in HCC, and their encoding proteins function as tumor suppressors (TFA3, TFA11), acute-phase reactive proteins, and the blood plasma proteins that are mainly or exclusively synthesized in the liver. The distinct profiles of the differentially expressed genes in HCC and the paired non-HCC tissues have partially reflected the genetic alterations during HCC tumorigenesis. The novel HCC-specific gene TLH6 and the CT antigen encoding gene TLH107 may have diagnostic and therapeutic potentials in HCC and/or other solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yuan Dong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Niitsu Y, Hori O, Yamaguchi A, Bando Y, Ozawa K, Tamatani M, Ogawa S, Tohyama M. Exposure of cultured primary rat astrocytes to hypoxia results in intracellular glucose depletion and induction of glycolytic enzymes. BRAIN RESEARCH. MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH 1999; 74:26-34. [PMID: 10640673 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(99)00245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Based on the neurotrophic properties of astrocytes in response to ischemia, the current work focuses on the mechanism for cultured astrocytes to adapt to a hypoxic environment. Intracellular glucose levels in primary cultured rat astrocytes exposed to hypoxia fell by 30% within 24 h, in parallel with a decrease in glycogen stores. Glycolytic metabolism was crucial for cell survival during hypoxia, as 2-deoxyglucose resulted in rapid ATP depletion and cell death. The mechanism for maintaining glucose levels under these conditions appeared to be mobilization of glycogen stores, rather than increased extracellular uptake of glucose, as gluconolactone (an inhibitor of beta1-4 amyloglucosidase) induced a rapid fall in cellular ATP in cultures subjected to hypoxia, whereas cytochalasin B was without affect. Addition of cycloheximide diminished the viability of astrocytes in hypoxia, suggesting an obligatory role of de-novo gene expression to respond to hypoxia. Consistently, the results of differential display suggested the induction of glycolytic enzymes, including aldolase A (EC 4.1.2.13), hexokinase II (ATP: D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.1), and triosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.1) in the hypoxic culture. Marked induction of these glycolytic enzymes in hypoxic astrocytes was confirmed by Northern blot analysis. These data provide a theoretical basis to understand the ability of astrocytes to tolerate ischemic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Niitsu
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Japan
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