1
|
Thoren KL, Pasi B, Delgado JC, Wu AH, Lynch KL. Quantitation of Infliximab and Detection of Antidrug Antibodies in Serum by Use of Surface Plasmon Resonance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2:725-736. [DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2017.024380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
2
|
Steinicke F, Oltmann-Norden I, Wätzig H. Long term kinetic measurements revealing precision and general performance of surface plasmon resonance biosensors. Anal Biochem 2017; 530:94-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
3
|
Tam YJ, Zeenathul NA, Rezaei MA, Mustafa NH, Azmi MLM, Bahaman AR, Lo SC, Tan JS, Hani H, Rasedee A. Wide dynamic range of surface-plasmon-resonance-based assay for hepatitis B surface antigen antibody optimal detection in comparison with ELISA. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2017; 64:735-744. [PMID: 27506960 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification, and the dynamic range of detection of hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (anti-HBs) using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chip-based approach with Pichia pastoris-derived recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as recognition element were established through the scouting for optimal conditions for the improvement of immobilization efficiency and in the use of optimal regeneration buffer. Recombinant HBsAg was immobilized onto the sensor surface of a CM5 chip at a concentration of 150 mg/L in sodium acetate buffer at pH 4 with added 0.6% Triton X-100. A regeneration solution of 20 mM HCl was optimally found to effectively unbind analytes from the ligand, thus allowing for multiple screening cycles. A dynamic range of detection of ∼0.00098-0.25 mg/L was obtained, and a sevenfold higher LOD, as well as a twofold increase in coefficient of variance of the replicated results, was shown as compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Evaluation of the assay for specificity showed no cross-reactivity with other antibodies tested. The ability of SPR chip-based assay and ELISA to detect anti-HBs in human serum was comparable, indicating that the SPR chip-based assay with its multiple screening capacity has greater advantage over ELISA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yew Joon Tam
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Immunotherapeutic and Vaccine Technology (LIVES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazariah Allaudin Zeenathul
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Immunotherapeutic and Vaccine Technology (LIVES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Morvarid Akhavan Rezaei
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Immunotherapeutic and Vaccine Technology (LIVES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hidayah Mustafa
- Laboratory of Immunotherapeutic and Vaccine Technology (LIVES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Lila Mohd Azmi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rani Bahaman
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sewn Cen Lo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Immunotherapeutic and Vaccine Technology (LIVES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Joo Shun Tan
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Homayoun Hani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Rasedee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohseni S, Moghadam TT, Dabirmanesh B, Jabbari S, Khajeh K. Development of a label-free SPR sensor for detection of matrixmetalloproteinase-9 by antibody immobilization on carboxymethyldextran chip. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 81:510-516. [PMID: 27016912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor has been widely utilized for monitoring antigen-antibody interactions. The sensor measures changes of refractive index upon binding of analyte molecules to specific ligand immobilized on the sensor chip. This effort reports development of SPR immunosensor for real-time and label-free detection of recombinant human matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), which has been associated with malignant tumor progression and metastasis by matrix degradation. MMP-9 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and purified by Ni-NTA agarose column. CMD 50 D was activated by EDC/NHS for immobilization of monoclonal anti-MMP-9. Atomic force microscopy images showed uniform distribution of anti-MMP-9 over the sensor chip. Equilibrium constant (KD), maximum binding capacity (Rmax) and ∆Gb values for interaction of MMP-9 and anti-MMP-9 were 0.4nM, 680 µRIU and -53.51kJ/mol, respectively. Concentration of MMP-9 in saliva samples was determined, with linearity in the range of 10-200ng/mL. The limit of detection was found to be 8pg/mL, being lower than most of the previously reported techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mohseni
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Tohidi Moghadam
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safoura Jabbari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fischer C, Hünniger T, Jarck JH, Frohnmeyer E, Kallinich C, Haase I, Hahn U, Fischer M. Food Sensing: Aptamer-Based Trapping of Bacillus cereus Spores with Specific Detection via Real Time PCR in Milk. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:8050-7. [PMID: 26306797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic spores pose serious problems for both food product manufacturers and consumers. Milk is particularly at risk and thus an important issue of preventive consumer protection and quality assurance. The spore-former Bacillus cereus is a food poisoning Gram-positive pathogen which mainly produces two different types of toxins, the diarrhea inducing and the emetic toxins. Reliable and rapid analytical assays for the detection of B. cereus spores are required, which could be achieved by combining in vitro generated aptamers with highly specific molecular biological techniques. For the development of routine bioanalytical approaches, already existing aptamers with high affinity to B. cereus spores have been characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy in terms of their dissociation constants and selectivity. Dissociation constants in the low nanomolar range (from 5.2 to 52.4 nM) were determined. Subsequently, the characterized aptamers were utilized for the establishment and validation of an aptamer-based trapping technique in both milk simulating buffer and milk with fat contents between 0.3 and 3.5%. Thereby, enrichment factors of up to 6-fold could be achieved. It could be observed that trapping protocol and characterized aptamers were fully adaptable to the application in milk. Due to the fact that aptamer selectivity is limited, a highly specific real time PCR assay was utilized following trapping to gain a higher degree of selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Hünniger
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Hinnerk Jarck
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Esther Frohnmeyer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Kallinich
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ilka Haase
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hahn
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Le Berre M, Kilcoyne M, Kane M. Generation of a panel of high affinity antibodies and development of a biosensor-based immunoassay for the detection of okadaic acid in shellfish. Toxicon 2015; 103:169-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
7
|
Hünniger T, Fischer C, Wessels H, Hoffmann A, Paschke-Kratzin A, Haase I, Fischer M. Food sensing: selection and characterization of DNA aptamers to Alicyclobacillus spores for trapping and detection from orange juice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:2189-2197. [PMID: 25639310 DOI: 10.1021/jf505996m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The quality of the beverage industry's products has to be constantly monitored to fulfill consumers' high expectations. The thermo-acidophilic Gram-positive Alicyclobacillus spp. are not pathogenic, but their heat-resistant endospores can survive juice-processing conditions and have become a major economic concern for the fruit juice industry. Current detection methods rely on cultivation, isolation, and organism identification, which can take up to a week, resulting in economic loss. This work presents the selection and identification of DNA aptamers targeting Alicyclobacillus spores by spore-SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) in orange-juice-simulating buffer. The selection process was verified by various techniques, including flow cytometric binding assays, radioactive binding assays, and agarose gel electrophoresis. The subsequent aptamer characterization included the determination of dissociations constants and selectivity by different techniques, such as surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. In summary, 10 different aptamers with an affinity to Alicyclobacillus spp. have been developed, analyzed, and characterized in terms of affinity and specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hünniger
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma L, Sun Y, Kang X, Wan Y. Development of nanobody-based flow injection chemiluminescence immunoassay for sensitive detection of human prealbumin. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 61:165-71. [PMID: 24874660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanobodies, derived from camelid heavy-chain antibodies, have novel and impactful applications in clinical diagnostics. Our objective is to develop a nanobody-based chemiluminescence immunoassay for sensitive detection of human prealbumin (PA). In this context, a phage display nanobody library is constructed via immunizing dromedary camel with human prealbumin. Three nanobodies have been identified by five successive bio-panning steps. Based on their high expression level and good affinity, two out of three are chosen for further study. Magnetic beads (MBs) were functionalized with PEI by acylamide bond formed between the carboxyl group on the surface of the MB. Then, an anti-PA nanobody (Nb1) can be effectively immobilized onto the surface of the functionalized MB using glutaradehyde as the link. The modified MBs with Nb1 can specifically capture the target PA and reacted with silica nanoparticles with co-immobilized HRP and anti-PA nanobody (Nb2). The concentration of PA was detected by flow injection chemiluminescence. When using MB/PEI as the carrier of anti-PA Nb1, the CL signal significantly increased to 4-fold compared with the signal using MB without PEI modification. The CL signal was further amplified to 5-fold when Si/Nb2 was used as the signal probe. Under optimized conditions, the present immunoassay exhibited a wide quantitative range from 0.05 to 1000 μg L(-1) with a detection limit of 0.01 μg L(-1). The sensitivity of the proposed immunoassay offers great promises in providing a sensitive, specific, time saving, and potential method for detecting PA in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China.
| | - Yakun Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China; Jiangsu Nanobody Engineering and Research Center, Nantong 226010, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Practical quantitative and kinetic applications of bio-layer interferometry for toxicokinetic analysis of a monoclonal antibody therapeutic. J Immunol Methods 2012; 379:30-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
10
|
Manta B, Obal G, Ricciardi A, Pritsch O, Denicola A. Tools to evaluate the conformation of protein products. Biotechnol J 2011; 6:731-41. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
11
|
Dillon PP, Daly SJ, Browne JG, Manning BM, Loomans E, Van Amerongen A, O'Kennedy R. Application of an immunosensor for the detection of the β-lactam antibiotic, cephalexin. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09540100400003246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
12
|
Shrivastav TG, Chaube SK, Charu, Rangari K, Kariya KP, Singh R, Nagendra A. ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY FOR MILK PROGESTERONE. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2010; 31:301-13. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2010.528734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
13
|
DALY STEPHEN, DILLON PAUL, MANNING BERNADETTE, DUNNE LYNSEY, KILLARD ANTHONY, O'KENNEDY RICHARD. Production and Characterization of Murine Single Chain Fv Antibodies to Aflatoxin B 1 Derived From a Pre-immunized Antibody Phage Display Library System. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/0954010021000096373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- STEPHEN DALY
- a School of Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Dublin 9
- b National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland , Ireland
| | - PAUL DILLON
- a School of Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Dublin 9
- b National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland , Ireland
| | - BERNADETTE MANNING
- a School of Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Dublin 9
- b National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland , Ireland
| | - LYNSEY DUNNE
- a School of Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Dublin 9
- b National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland , Ireland
| | - ANTHONY KILLARD
- b National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland , Ireland
| | - RICHARD O'KENNEDY
- a School of Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Dublin 9
- b National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland , Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Treviño J, Calle A, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Mellado M, Lechuga LM. Single- and multi-analyte determination of gonadotropic hormones in urine by Surface Plasmon Resonance immunoassay. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 647:202-9. [PMID: 19591706 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2008] [Revised: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Single- and multi-analyte detection of two gonadotropic hormones (follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) and luteinizing hormone (hLH)) was achieved by a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) immunoassay on untreated human urine samples. Multi-analyte detection was accomplished using two alternative formats which are based in the individual or simultaneous immobilization of the hormones on the sensor surface. The lowest detection limit for both hormones in urine was found to be 1 ng mL(-1), which in international units (IU) in terms of the World Health Organization (WHO) standards represents 8 mIU mL(-1) of hLH and 14 mIU mL(-1) of hFSH, respectively. The reliability of the assay was demonstrated by intra- and inter-assay variabilities < 6%, chip-to-chip variabilities < 5%, recoveries in the range of 80-120% and stability of the sensor response through more than 100 measurements. The sensitivity of this biosensing methodology renders it in a useful technique for the diagnosis of reproductive disorders, as well as for fertility monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Treviño
- Grupo de Nanobiosensores y Biofísica Molecular, Centro de Investigación en Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CIN2: CSIC-ICN), ETSE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang DB, Bi LJ, Zhang ZP, Chen YY, Yang RF, Wei HP, Zhou YF, Zhang XE. Label-free detection of B. anthracis spores using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Analyst 2009; 134:738-42. [DOI: 10.1039/b813038h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
16
|
Mytych DT, La S, Barger T, Ferbas J, Swanson SJ. The development and validation of a sensitive, dual-flow cell, SPR-based biosensor immunoassay for the detection, semi-quantitation, and characterization of antibodies to darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa in human serum. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 49:415-26. [PMID: 19135328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor immunoassay was developed and validated using the Biacore 3000 instrument to detect, semi-quantitate, and characterize serum antibodies against darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) and epoetin alfa (EPOGEN). In this sensitive, dual-flow cell assay, epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa are covalently immobilized onto consecutive flow cells of a carboxymethyl dextran-coated sensor chip. Diluted human serum samples are injected sequentially over both surfaces. The binding of serum antibodies to the immobilized proteins are detected and recorded in real time based on the principles of SPR. Furthermore, antibody binding is confirmed with a secondary anti-human immunoglobulin antibody. Positive samples are further characterized to determine the relative concentration of the antibodies using an affinity-purified, rabbit anti-epoetin alfa antibody as a reference control. The assay can detect 80ng/ml and 100ng/ml of antibody to epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa, respectively. The dynamic range of the assay is from 0.078microg/ml to 10microg/ml using a rabbit antibody with demonstrated accuracy and intra- and inter-assay precision. Approximately 80 serum samples can be analyzed on each sensor chip while maintaining a stable baseline and consistent immunological reactivity. The analysis of serum samples from subjects administered with epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa provided evidence that the assay can detect varying concentrations of antibodies of different off rates, isotypes, and IgG subclasses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Mytych
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Immunofunctionalisation of gold transducers for bacterial detection by physisorption. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:2825-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
18
|
A carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 homologue plays a pivotal role in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae colonization of the chinchilla nasopharynx via the outer membrane protein P5-homologous adhesin. Infect Immun 2007; 76:48-55. [PMID: 17938212 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00980-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro studies suggest an important role for CEACAM1 (carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1) in infection by multiple gram-negative bacteria. However, in vivo evidence supporting this role is lacking, largely because the bacterial adhesins involved in this host-microbe association do not bind to murine-derived CEACAM1. One of several adhesins expressed by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI), the outer membrane protein P5-homologous adhesin (or P5), is essential for colonization of the chinchilla nasopharynx and infection of the middle ear. Here we reveal that NTHI P5 binds to the chinchilla homologue of CEACAM1 and that rabbit anti-human carcinoembryonic antigen blocks NTHI colonization of the chinchilla nasopharynx, providing the first demonstration of a role for CEACAM receptor binding by any bacterial pathogen in vivo.
Collapse
|
19
|
Mersich C, Jungbauer A. Generic method for quantification of FLAG-tagged fusion proteins by a real time biosensor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:555-63. [PMID: 17321594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Revised: 01/02/2007] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Availability of rapid quantitative protein-expression analysis is often the bottleneck in high throughput screening applications. A real time biosensor was employed to establish a quantitative assay for FLAG fusion proteins using FLAG-tagged bacterial alkaline phosphatase as standard. A range of FLAG-tagged bacterial alkaline phosphatase concentrations were injected over the anti-FLAG M2 antibody surface of the biosensor and used as standards to determine the concentration of different FLAG-tagged proteins with a molecular mass of 18.1 kDa respectively 49.3 kDa from yeast culture supernatants. The M2 immobilized chip was found to retain binding capacity following regeneration for at least 120 cycles. This real time biosensor method allows the quantitation of proteins from culture supernatants using a calibration curve obtained with a different protein. Further benefits include the short assay time of approximately 5 min, the small amount of sample required (35 microl per injection) and the ability to monitor the binding event in real time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christa Mersich
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Skottrup P, Nicolaisen M, Justesen AF. Rapid determination of Phytophthora infestans sporangia using a surface plasmon resonance immunosensor. J Microbiol Methods 2006; 68:507-15. [PMID: 17157943 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2006.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2006] [Revised: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phytophthora infestans is the cause of late blight disease in potato and is an economically important pathogen worldwide. Early disease detection is important to implement disease control measures. In this study a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor for detection of P. infestans sporangia is presented. The specificity of an existing mouse monoclonal antibody (phyt/G1470 mAb) against P. infestans was investigated in plate-trapped antigen ELISA and in subtractive inhibition ELISA. No or only limited cross-reactivity was observed against representatives having air-borne spores from Ascomycetes, Deuteromycetes as well as Basidiomycetes. phyt/G1470 mAb was incorporated in a subtractive inhibition SPR assay, consisting of a pre-incubation of mAb and sporangia, a centrifugation step to remove sporangia-bound phyt/G1470 mAb and quantification of remaining phyt/G1470 mAb by SPR. Good intra- and interday assay variability was observed and the assay had a detection limit of 2.2x10(6) sporangia/ml. Analysis time was 75 min, which is superior to existing P. infestans detection methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Skottrup
- Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Integrated Pest Management, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu X, Spada S, White S, Hudson S, Magner E, Wall JG. Adsorption and Activity of a Domoic Acid Binding Antibody Fragment on Mesoporous Silicates. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:18703-9. [PMID: 16970501 DOI: 10.1021/jp062423e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of an anti-domoic acid single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragment onto a range of mesoporous silicate supports was investigated. The scFv fragment adsorbed to all materials investigated, and pI had an apparently large effect on coating, with the greatest-and fastest-adsorption found on the most negatively charged silicates. Maximal coating levels attainable did not reflect the pore diameters of the materials. The immobilized antibody was functional on all materials and bound its antigen, a naturally occurring neurotoxin produced by shellfish, in a rapidly saturating manner that suggested the antibody adsorbed in a multilayer on the mesoporous particles. The antigen:antibody ratio decreased from 1:1.3 to <1:10 with increasing concentration of immobilized antibody, and the immobilized scFv exhibited no detectable reduction in domoic acid binding over a 42-day incubation period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Hu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, and Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Plassey Technology Park, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Szolar OHJ, Stranner S, Zinoecker I, Mudde GC, Himmler G, Waxenecker G, Nechansky A. Qualification and application of a surface plasmon resonance-based assay for monitoring potential HAHA responses induced after passive administration of a humanized anti Lewis-Y antibody. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 41:1347-53. [PMID: 16644171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2006] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive, surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based assay monitoring potential human-anti-human antibody (HAHA) reactions against the monoclonal antibody (mAb) IGN311 is presented. The latter is a fully humanized Lewis-Y carbohydrate specific mAb that is currently tested in a passive immune therapy approach in a clinical phase I trial. For the SPR experiments a BIACORE 3000 analyzer was used. The ligand IGN311 was covalently coupled to the carboxy-methylated dextran matrix of a CM5 research grade chip (BIACORE). In the course of a fully nested experimental design, a four parameter logistic equation was identified as appropriate calibration model ranging from 0.3 microg/mL (lower limit of quantitation, LLOQ) to 200 microg/mL (upper limit of quantitation, ULOQ) using an anti-idiotypic mAb ('HAHA mimic') as calibrator. The bias ranged from -2.4% to 5.5% and the intermediate precision expressed as 95% CI revealed values from 5.6% to 8.3%. Specificity was evaluated using six human serum matrices from healthy donors spiked with calibrator at the limit of quantitation (LOQ) with >80% of values being recovered with less than 25% relative error. The qualified assay was applied to monitor potentially induced HAHA reactivity in 11 patients from a clinical phase I trial with passively administered IGN311. Of the 11 patients, one high HAHA responder and several low responders were identified. Protein-G depletion experiments with human serum samples revealed that the observed response is predominantly caused by IgG binding to the ligand. The characteristics of these HAHA responses were all of the so-called 'Type I' which is defined by a peak response around day 15 that decreases from this point steadily suggesting that some kind of tolerance is established. Therefore, this type of HAHA response is regarded as non critical for the patient's safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O H J Szolar
- Onepharm, Gersthoferstrasse 29-31, A-1180 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Newcombe AR, Cresswell C, Davies S, Pearce F, O’Donovan K, Francis R. Evaluation of a biosensor assay to quantify polyclonal IgG in ovine serum used for the production of biotherapeutic antibody fragments. Process Biochem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
24
|
Kikuchi Y, Uno S, Nanami M, Yoshimura Y, Iida SI, Fukushima N, Tsuchiya M. Determination of concentration and binding affinity of antibody fragments by use of surface plasmon resonance. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 100:311-7. [PMID: 16243282 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.100.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2005] [Accepted: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An assay method using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor has been developed that allows quantitative measurement of the specific antibody concentration in crude materials. By injecting non-labeled antibody samples onto a biosensor surface on which antigen was immobilized at high densities, the concentration of active antibodies can be accurately measured. To clarify applicability of this method to pharmacokinetic studies, the concentration of active antibodies in mouse plasma was measured for 4 h after injection of antibodies in mice. Although this period of measurement might be insufficient for determining the pharmacokinetics of blood pool clearance, this method has some advantages over conventional methods in measurement of single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) concentrations. Using the SPR biosensor, scFv and antibodies without epitope tag peptides were easily detected in real time, requiring as little as 20 mul of blood sample. Moreover, from the apparent dissociation rate in the dissociation phase of the sensorgrams, we could identify whether the antibody fragments existed as bivalent or monovalent in animal blood. We also evaluated the antigen binding activity of the scFvs against human CD47 and found scFvs had slightly weak affinity to their antigen (K(D), about 10 nM) compared with F(ab')2 and Fab' fragments (K(D), about 3-4 nM). This assay method promises to be a convenient tool for quality control, screening, and simple pharmacokinetic analysis of antibody fragments and other recombinant proteins not having epitope tags.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Kikuchi
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Fuji-Gotemba Research Laboratories, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Thorpe R, Swanson SJ. Current methods for detecting antibodies against erythropoietin and other recombinant proteins. CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 12:28-39. [PMID: 15642981 PMCID: PMC540193 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.12.1.28-39.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Thorpe
- Division of Immunobiology, The National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leonard P, Hearty S, Wyatt G, Quinn J, O'Kennedy R. Development of a surface plasmon resonance-based immunoassay for Listeria monocytogenes. J Food Prot 2005; 68:728-35. [PMID: 15830663 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-68.4.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A polyclonal antibody was produced against Internalin B (InlB)-enriched extract and used to develop an inhibition assay to detect Listeria monocytogenes cells in solution using surface plasmon resonance. The gene sequence encoding for the InlB protein was cloned into a Qiagen pQE-60 vector, expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. Protein G-purified anti-InlB-enriched extract polyclonal antibody was incubated with various concentrations of L. monocytogenes cells and subsequently injected over a purified-recombinant InlB (rInlB)-immobilized CM5 sensor chip surface. A decrease in antibody binding response was observed with increasing L. monocytogenes cell concentrations. Intraday and interday assay variability studies were carried out to evaluate precision and reproducibility. The assay had a limit of detection of less than 2 x 10(5) cells per ml and could be successfully reproduced with coefficients of variation of between 2.5 and 7.7%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Leonard
- School of Biotechnology and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dillon PP, Killard AJ, Daly SJ, Leonard P, O'Kennedy R. Novel assay format permitting the prolonged use of regeneration-based sensor chip technology. J Immunol Methods 2005; 296:77-82. [PMID: 15680152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2004.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2004] [Revised: 10/01/2004] [Accepted: 10/28/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A polyclonal antibody raised against morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G, the main metabolite of heroin and morphine) was used in the development of a novel assay format using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor. Previously developed assays have generated calibration curves based on differences in the quantity of response units binding to the surface of a chip coated with the analyte. The novel assay described here was based on the development of a standard curve using the slope of a series of consecutive binding interactions. Using this format, regeneration between each assay cycle was no longer required. This increased the useable life span of the chip surface and, as a result, decreased the cost associated with the assay. Thus, at least 15 binding interactions could be carried out before the saturation of antibody on the surface of the chip caused the response to deviate significantly from linearity. After 15 nonregenerated binding interactions, the slope still remained within 1.5% of the slope after a single binding event. Analysis time, and the sample volumes required were also markedly decreased while sensitivity was enhanced. The inhibition assay developed had a detection range of 270 to 17,500 pg ml(-1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul P Dillon
- School of Biotechnology, National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Secondary screening and lead optimization, where a large number of "hit" compounds are refined to a viable set of "lead" drug candidates, are considered to be bottlenecks to the drug discovery process and are targets for streamlining. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a nonlabel technology that can generate kinetic data on biomolecular interactions. This allows researchers to quantitate the binding characteristics of lead compounds with their targets in terms of affinity, specificity, and association/dissociation rates in parallel. The latest generation of SPR biosensors integrate the hit-to-lead process and generate a greater depth of information, providing answers that cannot be addressed by traditional end-point assays. This allows users to make more informed choices on the selection of candidate molecules prior to preclinical development. A number of studies have used SPR biosensors in secondary screening, lead optimization, quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis, and predictive adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and/or toxicity evaluations.
Collapse
|
29
|
Fitzpatrick B, O'Kennedy R. The development and application of a surface plasmon resonance-based inhibition immunoassay for the determination of warfarin in plasma ultrafiltrate. J Immunol Methods 2004; 291:11-25. [PMID: 15345301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2004.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2004] [Revised: 02/26/2004] [Accepted: 03/08/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Warfarin is the most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant for the management of a wide variety of thromboembolic disorders such as atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis. A panel of warfarin-protein conjugates were produced and characterised and subsequently used for the production of monoclonal antibodies to warfarin. Following characterisation, the monoclonal antibodies were used in the development of a surface plasmon resonance-based inhibition immunoassay for the determination of the physiologically active 'nonprotein'-bound fraction of the drug in plasma ultrafiltrate. The inhibition immunoassay was compared with an existing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatographic technique for the determination of warfarin in plasma ultrafiltrate, and an excellent correlation was achieved between the two independent analytical techniques. The ligand-binding capacity and stability of various immobilised ligands were also compared. The BIACore-based inhibition immunoassay demonstrated an assay precision range of approximately 4-250 ng/ml, which is within the clinical range and demonstrated good reproducibility and robustness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Fitzpatrick
- School of Biotechnology and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
DiGiacomo RA, Xie L, Cullen C, Indelicato SR. Development and validation of a kinetic assay for analysis of anti-human interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody (SCH 55700) and human interleukin-5 interactions using surface plasmon resonance. Anal Biochem 2004; 327:165-75. [PMID: 15051533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2004.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method to assess the kinetic interactions of a humanized anti-human interleukin-5 (IL-5) monoclonal antibody (SCH 55700) with native human IL-5 using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been developed and validated. Since there are no clearly defined validation requirements for a SPR-based binding kinetic assay, the validation strategy was based on the guidelines stipulated by the International Conference on Harmonization for Analytical Method Validation. Due to the uniqueness of the method, however, proper interpretation of the guidance was critical for establishing a validation plan. Validation was designed to assess repeatability, intermediate precision, specificity, linearity, and robustness which included analysis of baseline stability and reproducibility of ligand immobilization. Additionally, system suitability criteria were established to assure that the assay consistently performs as it was intended. The experimental artifacts that can complicate kinetic analysis using biosensor technology, such as heterogeneity of the ligand, mass transport, and nonspecific binding, were considered during the development of this assay. For each run, replicate concentrations of SCH 55700 were injected randomly over the immobilized surfaces to acquire association- and dissociation-phase data. The data were transformed and double referenced to remove systematic deviations seen in the binding responses. Association and dissociation rates were determined using a bivalent analyte model for curve fitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A DiGiacomo
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, 1011 Morris Ave., Union, NJ 07083-7197, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ahmad A, Zong Q, Rock M, McLean M, Breau A. Determination of granulocyte colony stimulating factor and its antibody in human serum samples using the BIAcore 3000 biosensor. Anal Biochem 2004; 324:304-6. [PMID: 14690697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2003.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ateeq Ahmad
- Global Drug Metabolism, Pharmacia Corporation, 4901 Searle Parkway, Skokie, IL 60077, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wadhwa M, Bird C, Dilger P, Gaines-Das R, Thorpe R. Strategies for detection, measurement and characterization of unwanted antibodies induced by therapeutic biologicals. J Immunol Methods 2003; 278:1-17. [PMID: 12957392 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(03)00206-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
An important aspect of evaluating the safety of therapeutic biologicals is the assessment of the unwanted immunogenicity of such biologicals in recipients. Properly planned immunogenicity studies with appropriately devised strategies are critical if valid conclusions concerning the unwanted immunogenicity are to be derived. Such studies need to be conducted using carefully selected and validated procedures. Several techniques are available for detection and measurement of immunogenicity including immunoassays, radioimmunoprecipitation assays (RIPAs), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and bioassays. A combination of methods for characterization of the induced antibodies is usually necessary for a detailed understanding of the type(s) of antibodies generated against a therapeutic product. This review considers the benefits and limitations of the various techniques available for antibody detection and outlines a strategy for the assessment of unwanted immunogenicity of therapeutic products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Wadhwa
- Division of Immunobiology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dillon PP, Manning BM, Daly SJ, Killard AJ, O'Kennedy R. Production of a recombinant anti-morphine-3-glucuronide single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody for the development of a "real-time" biosensor-based immunoassay. J Immunol Methods 2003; 276:151-61. [PMID: 12738369 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(03)00099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A recombinant single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody to morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) was produced using genetic material obtained from the spleen cells of mice immunised with a morphine-3-glucuronide-bovine serum albumin (M3G-BSA) conjugate. Immunoglobulin light (V(L)) and heavy (V(H)) chain genes were amplified and cloned into pAK vectors for generation of recombinant antibody fragments in Escherichia coli. A competition ELISA assay was developed in PBS to characterise the ability of the antibody fragments to recognise free drug and the detection limits were found to be as low as 3 ng ml(-1). Surface plasmon resonance-based inhibition immunoassays were developed. The recombinant antibody was pre-incubated with various concentrations of free drug followed by injection over a morphine-3-glucuronide-thyroglobulin (M3G-THY) immobilised surface. The response of antibody binding to the surface of the chip was inversely proportional to the amount of free drug in solution. Regeneration conditions for antibody binding to the surface were optimised resulting in a binding-regeneration capacity of at least 30 cycles. The inhibition assay for M3G was tested with assay ranges between 3 and 195 ng ml(-1) and 3 and 97 ng ml(-1) in PBS and urine, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul P Dillon
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, 9, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dillon PP, Daly SJ, Manning BM, O'Kennedy R. Immunoassay for the determination of morphine-3-glucuronide using a surface plasmon resonance-based biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2003; 18:217-27. [PMID: 12485768 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(02)00182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polyclonal antibodies were produced for the development of competitive ELISA's and surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based BIAcore inhibition assays for the detection of morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G, the main metabolite of heroin and morphine). A conjugate consisting of M3G and ovalbumin was produced and used for the generation of antibodies, for the coating of immunoplates and for immobilisation onto BIAcore chips. Competition ELISA's were developed in PBS and urine to characterise the antibodies ability to recognise free M3G. SPR-based inhibition immunoassays on BIAcore were developed. The regeneration of the surface of a chip immobilised with conjugate following antibody binding, essential for the development of inhibition assays was investigated. Regeneration of the conjugate-coated surface was optimised for both polyclonal antibodies resulting in binding-regeneration capacities of approximately 60 cycles for one antibody and 50 cycles for the second antibody. The inhibition assays developed in urine had ranges of detection of 762-24,400 (antibody 1) and 976-62,500 pg ml(-1) (antibody 2). The inter-day coefficients of variation for the assays ranged from 1.48 to 11.24%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul P Dillon
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, 9, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mason S, La S, Mytych D, Swanson SJ, Ferbas J. Validation of the BIACORE 3000 platform for detection of antibodies against erythropoietic agents in human serum samples. Curr Med Res Opin 2003; 19:651-9. [PMID: 14606989 DOI: 10.1185/030079903125002414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a validated BIACORE immunoassay for the detection and characterization of serum antibodies with specificity for erythropoietic molecules (e.g. darbepoetin alfa). METHODS New Zealand White rabbits (n = 8) were immunized by an intramuscular injection of darbepoetin alfa/adjuvant at 0, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Serum was collected for 6 weeks after final injection and pooled for affinity purification. Antibody immunoassay measurements were performed using a BIACORE 3000 with darbepoetin alfa immobilized to the biosensor surface. Human serum samples were spiked with the affinity-purified rabbit antibody to develop and validate the BIACORE immunoassay. RESULTS The assay was shown to be stable through 180 sample/regeneration cycles and had a threshold of 45.8 response units. The validated limit of detection was 0.40 microg/ml in 100% human serum. The method was robust, with variability not exceeding a 20% coefficient of variation, well within acceptable limits for typical immunoassays. CONCLUSION All protein-based therapeutics have a potential for immunogenicity, and antibodies raised against these molecules may have important clinical sequelae. The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries are challenged to address this potential by developing robust analytical platforms to detect and characterize antibodies directed against therapeutic proteins in clinical specimens. Traditionally, radioimmune precipitation assays and/or enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs) are used for primary detection of host immune response; however, the BIACORE platform may be better suited for this purpose in many instances. This platform represents a robust tool that should be considered for the detection and characterization of antibodies directed against protein-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mason
- Clinical Immunology Department, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gillis EH, Gosling JP, Sreenan JM, Kane M. Development and validation of a biosensor-based immunoassay for progesterone in bovine milk. J Immunol Methods 2002; 267:131-8. [PMID: 12165434 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(02)00166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a rapid automated immunoassay, using the BIACORE surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor, to measure progesterone in bovine milk. The assay was designed as an inhibition assay with progesterone covalently immobilised to the carboxymethyl dextran matrix of a CM5 sensor chip. A fixed amount of monoclonal anti-progesterone antibody 39C5H7 was mixed 9:1 with the sample and the amount of free antibody was then determined using biomolecular interaction analysis (BIA) by injection of the mixture over the immobilised progesterone sensor surface. The assay was designed to cover the concentration range 0.5 to 50 ng/ml. The limit of detection (LOD) was 3.56 ng/ml. Reproducibility of the assay was very good with both intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation <5%. As results become available within minutes of injection and the procedure involves fully automated instrumentation, we believe that this BIA assay for progesterone in milk could be used in-line in the milking parlour and, thus, provide an important tool for reproductive management of dairy cattle to detect heat and predict pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Els H Gillis
- National Diagnostic Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Baker KN, Rendall MH, Patel A, Boyd P, Hoare M, Freedman RB, James DC. Rapid monitoring of recombinant protein products: a comparison of current technologies. Trends Biotechnol 2002; 20:149-56. [PMID: 11906746 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Specific measurement of recombinant protein titer in a complex environment during industrial bioprocessing has traditionally relied on labor-intensive and time-consuming immunoassays. In recent years, however, developments in analytical technology have resulted in improved methods for protein product monitoring during bioprocessing. The choice of product-monitoring technology for a particular bioprocess will depend on a variety of assay factors and instrument-specific factors. In this article, we have compiled an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used technologies used: electrochemiluminescence, optical biosensors, rapid chromatography and nephelometry. The advantages of each technology for measuring both small and large recombinant therapeutic proteins are compared with a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kym N Baker
- Research School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ligand binding assays and anti-drug antibodies, analytical approaches and validation issues. Chromatographia 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02493364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
39
|
Mire-Sluis AR. Progress in the use of biological assays during the development of biotechnology products. Pharm Res 2001; 18:1239-46. [PMID: 11683235 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013067424248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of the structure and function of many biotechnology derived products necessitates a wide range of analytical procedures to adequately characterize the product. In-depth characterization is required for the assessment of several criteria vital to the success of product development such as consistency, purity, stability, and potency. More recently, the concern over the immunogenicity of biologics has increased the need to develop assays to detect neutralizing anti-product antibodies. Although many physicochemical tests are available to characterize the structure of a protein and detect the presence of contaminants, they provide little, if any, information regarding biological potency or the neutralizing capacity of antibody responses in immunogenicity studies. There is a continual need to refine biological assays to increase their accuracy and reproducibility, in particular to replace in vivo bioassays with appropriate in vitro assays. There have also been several recent technological developments that could lead to more rapid and reproducible bioassays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Mire-Sluis
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech Inc.. South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pflegerl K, Hahn R, Schallaun E, Josic D, Jungbauer A. Quantification of plasma-derived blood coagulation factor VIII by real-time biosensor measurements. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2001; 752:335-47. [PMID: 11270872 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasma-derived blood coagulation factor VIII was analyzed in real time using biosensor technology. Monoclonal antibodies directed against the heavy and against the light chain of factor VIII were immobilized on different carboxymethyl dextran surfaces. Different factor VIII concentrations were injected over the antibody surfaces in parallel and response levels were determined from the dissociation phase at a fixed time after sample injection. Serial dilutions of plasma-derived factor VIII with known concentrations determined by a commercial FVIIIC:Ag ELISA were used as standards. A quantification limit of 0.9 I.U./ml with antibody 530p and 1.5 I.U./ml with antibody 531p was calculated. Intra-assay precision expressed as percent coefficient of variation was below 10% for concentrations above 0.6 I.U./ml. Inter-assay precision for antibody 530p was below 20% for concentrations higher than 0.6 I.U./ml. For 531p, inter-assay precision was below 10% for concentrations higher than 2 I.U./ml. A sensor chip lifetime in respect to regeneration of at least 100 cycles for both antibodies was found. The small sample requirement of 35 microl allows fast analysis of different FVIII products and the use of two monoclonal antibodies directed against two different FVIII domains provides additional information about the integrity of the FVIII molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Pflegerl
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Forestry and Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhu G, Yang B, Jennings RN. Quantitation of basic fibroblast growth factor by immunoassay using BIAcore 2000. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2000; 24:281-90. [PMID: 11130207 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(00)00417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive, accurate, and efficient immunoassay using a BIAcore 2000 biosensor instrument for the quantitation of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in HEPES-buffered saline containing 100 microg/ml heparin (HHBS) has been developed and validated. In this method, anti-bFGF monoclonal antibody 48.1 (MAb 48.1) was selected as a binding ligand and immobilized to the matrix surface of Sensor Chip CM5 by amine coupling. A high immobilization level of MAb 48.1 (12643+/-816 RU, mean +/- S.D., n = 5) was achieved with high reproducibility (i.e. coefficient of variation (CV) was 6.5%). This immobilized MAb 48.1 sensor surface was used to detect and quantity bFGF. This assay has a range of reliable BIAcore response from 5.65 to 1440 ng/ml bFGF in HHBS. which was well fitted with a sigmoidal model. The immobilized MAb 48.1 was found to be stable for at least 150 regeneration cycles and for at least 9 days at room temperature. Intra- and interassay CVs ranged from 0.9 to 5.9%, and from 2.7 to 8.5%, respectively. Matrices such as serum, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and two pharmaceutical excipients (Pluronic F127 surfactant and sodium carboxymethylcellulose) did not interfere with bFGF analysis over the sensor surface. Therefore, this validated assay has good precision, accuracy and specificity, and has been found useful in quantifying bFGF in several research and development studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Zhu
- Pharmaceutics Department, Scios Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Implementing surface plasmon resonance biosensors in drug discovery. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY TODAY 2000; 3:310-317. [PMID: 10996572 DOI: 10.1016/s1461-5347(00)00288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent improvements in instrument hardware, experimental design and data processing have made it possible to use surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor technology in the discovery and development of small-molecule drugs. The key features of SPR biosensors (i.e. real-time binding analysis and lack of labeling requirements) make this technology suitable for a wide range of applications. Current instruments have a throughput of approximately 100-400 assays per day, providing a complement to secondary screening. The ability to collect kinetic data on compounds binding to therapeutic targets yields new information for lead optimization. Small-molecule analysis and emerging applications in the areas of ADME (adsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and proteomics have SPR biosensors poised to play a significant role in the pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
|
43
|
Takacs MA, Jacobs SJ, Bordens RM, Swanson SJ. Detection and characterization of antibodies to PEG-IFN-alpha2b using surface plasmon resonance. J Interferon Cytokine Res 1999; 19:781-9. [PMID: 10454349 DOI: 10.1089/107999099313631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some patients treated with type I interferon (IFN) preparations develop neutralizing antibodies that may abrogate any clinical benefit. We have a new complex of polyethylene glycol12000 and IFN-alpha2b (PEG-IFN-alpha2b) in clinical trials and need to be able to detect any antibodies formed specifically against the complex. We have, therefore, devised a method based on measurement of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the BIACORE 2000 apparatus. PEG-IFN-alpha2b is anchored to one flow cell on the sensor chip, IFN-alpha2b to another, and PEG to a third. A 20 microl serum sample flows in turn through the three cells, which are optically scanned. Any antibodies in the serum bind to the corresponding immobilized antigen, and a change in the optical signal is generated. With appropriate specific reagents, their immunoglobulin isotype can be similarly established. The automated assay can quickly test numerous sera. Very little serum is needed, and the assay is reliable and precise and can detect low-alphaffinity antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Takacs
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Keating GJ, Quinn JG, O'Kennedy R. Immunoassay for the Determination of 7-Hydroxycoumarin in Serum Using 'Real-Time' Biosensor Analysis. ANAL LETT 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719908542961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|