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Ghoshdastidar S, Gangula A, Kainth J, Saranathan S, Elangovan A, Afrasiabi Z, Hainsworth DP, Upendran A, Kannan R. Plate-Adherent Nanosubstrate for Improved ELISA of Small Molecules: A Proof of Concept Study. Anal Chem 2020; 92:10952-10956. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zahra Afrasiabi
- Soka University of America, Aliso Viejo, California 92656, United States
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2
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Sai N, Sun W, Wu Y, Sun Z, Yu G, Huang G. A highly sensitive immunoassay for atrazine based on covalently linking the small molecule hapten to a urea–glutaraldehyde network on a polystyrene surface. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 40:480-486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Tamarit-López J, Morais S, Bañuls MJ, Puchades R, Maquieira Á. Development of Hapten-Linked Microimmunoassays on Polycarbonate Discs. Anal Chem 2010; 82:1954-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902706t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Tamarit-López
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergi Morais
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - María-José Bañuls
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Puchades
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Maquieira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46071 Valencia, Spain
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Koidl J, Hödl H, Schmid MG, Konrad M, Petschauer S, Kostner GM, Gübitz G. Chiral separation of T3 enantiomers using stereoselective antibodies as a selector in micro-HPLC. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2006; 69:33-42. [PMID: 16697467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2005] [Revised: 03/21/2006] [Accepted: 03/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This work deals with the application of stereoselective antibodies against L-T3 as a tailor-made chiral selector in micro-HPLC. The separations were performed in microbore columns using commercially available anti-L-T3 antibodies chemically bonded to 5 microm silica gel. The enantiomers of T3 were baseline separated under mild continuous isocratic elution conditions using 10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. The D-enantiomer eluted with the void volume, while the L-enantiomer was retained by the antibody phase and eluted second. An indirect competitive and non-competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for testing the stereoselectivity of anti-L-T3 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Koidl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Sakai R, Minato S, Koike K, Koike K, Jimbo M, Kamiya H. Cellular and subcellular localization of kainic acid in the marine red alga Digenea simplex. Cell Tissue Res 2005; 322:491-502. [PMID: 16059701 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-005-0035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2005] [Accepted: 06/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyclonal antibodies specific for the excitatory amino acid, kainic acid (KA), were raised in rabbits. The antibody recognized KA but did not cross-react with other structurally related amino acids, including glutamate. We used this anti-KA antibody to localize KA immunohistochemically in the KA-producing red alga Digenea simplex. KA immunoreactivity was most dense in the fine cylindrical thallus, which covers the middle to upper part of the alga. The cortical cells, but not the inner layers of the main axis, and cells of the rhizoid were also stained with this antibody. The presence of KA in cells that cover the surface of the alga might reflect its role in chemical defense. At the subcellular level, KA immunoreactivity was most intense in the nucleus, pit plugs, and the electron-dense areas denoted as "granule bodies", which were found only in the pericentral cells of the thallus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Sakai
- Kitasato University School of Fisheries Sciences, Sanriku-cho, Ofunato, 022-0101, Japan.
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Zhao SW, Shen PP, Zhou Y, Wei Y, Xin XB, Hua ZC. Selecting peptide ligands of microcystin-LR from phage displayed random libraries. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2005; 31:535-541. [PMID: 15788194 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2004.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2004] [Accepted: 09/09/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated to find novel ligands for low molecular weight environmental toxin, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) by using phage display technology. Two random libraries, displaying linear 12-mer peptides and cyclic 7-mer peptides, were screened against the immobilized target respectively. After three rounds of panning, phage clones that recognized microcystin-LR specifically were obtained from both the linear and the constrained libraries, proved by enzyme-linked immumosorbent assays and immunoprecipitation assays. DNA sequencing indicated that peptides displayed on some of the selected clones shared consensus sequences. Compared with traditional methods, this approach provided a cheaper and more rapid alternative to screen specific ligands for microcystin-LR. Moreover, since it is rather difficult to take small molecules as targets of phage display libraries, the success of this experiment expanded the applications of phage display technology, and provided a new avenue to study environmental small molecular toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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Fuchikami K, Togame H, Sagara A, Satoh T, Gantner F, Bacon KB, Reinemer P. A versatile high-throughput screen for inhibitors of lipid kinase activity: development of an immobilized phospholipid plate assay for phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 7:441-50. [PMID: 14599360 DOI: 10.1177/108705702237676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The family of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) regulates fundamental cellular responses such as proliferation, apoptosis, motility, and adhesion. In particular, the PI3K gamma isoform plays a critical role in the control of cell migration. Despite the attractiveness of PI3-kinases as drug targets, drug discovery efforts have been hampered by the lack of appropriate lipid kinase assay formats suitable for high-throughput screening. The authors report the development of a simple and robust 384-well plate assay that is based on(33) P-phosphate transfer from radiolabeled [gamma(33) P]ATP to phosphatidylinositol immobilized on Maxisorp plates. The established assay format for PI3K gamma was easily adapted to the automated screening platform and was successfully employed for high-throughput screening. Enzymatic and inhibition characteristics of recombinant human PI3K gamma determined with the plate assay are in very good agreement with previously reported values determined in other assay formats. Maximal catalytic activity of PI3K gamma was observed at pH 7.0. The apparent K(m) value for ATP using a 1:1 mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine was determined to be 7.3 microM (6.0-8.6 microM, 95% confidence interval [CI]). IC(50) values for known PI3-kinase inhibitors were determined to be 1.45 nM (1.17-1.80 nM, 95% CI) for wortmannin and estimated from partial inhibition data to be 1400, 2830, and 21,400 nM for quercetin, LY294002, and staurosporine, respectively. This novel assay approach allows for screening of inhibitors of lipid kinases in high-throughput mode and thereby may facilitate the identification of novel inhibitory structures for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinji Fuchikami
- Asthma Research, Bayer Yakuhin Ltd., Research Center Kyoto, Japan
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Silvaieh H, Schmid MG, Hofstetter O, Schurig V, Gübitz G. Development of enantioselective chemiluminescence flow- and sequential-injection immunoassays for alpha-amino acids. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2002; 53:1-14. [PMID: 12406581 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(02)00087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of an enantioselective flow-through chemiluminescence immunosensor for amino acids is described. The approach is based on a competitive assay using enantioselective antibodies. Two different instrumental approaches, a flow-injection (FIA) and a sequential-injection system (SIA), are used. Compared to the flow-injection technique, the sequential injection-mode showed better repeatability. Both systems use an immunoreactor consisting of a flow cell packed with immobilized haptens. The haptens (4-amino-L- or D-phenylalanine) are immobilized onto a hydroxysuccinimide-activated polymer (Affi-prep 10) via a tyramine spacer. Stereoselective antibodies, raised against 4-amino-L- or D-phenylalanine, are labeled with an acridinium ester. Stereoselective inhibition of binding of the acridinum-labeled antibodies to the immobilized hapten by amino acids takes place. Chiral recognition was observed not only for the hapten molecule but also for a series of different amino acids. One assay cycle including regeneration takes 6:30 min in the FIA mode and 4:40 min in the SIA mode. Using D-phenylalanine as a sample, the detection limit was found to be 6.13 pmol/ml (1.01 ng/ml) for the flow-injection immunoassay (FIIA) and 1.76 pmol/ml (0.29 ng/ml ) for the sequential-injection immunoassay (SIIA) which can be lowered to 0.22 pmol/ml (0.036 ng/ml) or 0.064 pmol/ml (0.01 ng/ml) by using a stopped flow system. The intra-assay repeatability was found to be about 5% RSD and the inter-assay repeatability below 6% (within 3 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Silvaieh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Silvaieh H, Wintersteiger R, Schmid MG, Hofstetter O, Schurig V, Gübitz G. Enantioselective sequential-injection chemiluminescence immunoassays for 3,3′,5-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Anal Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(02)00350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Ban E, Ryu JC, Yoo YS. Detection of recombinant hirudin using capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Microchem J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0026-265x(01)00135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Wang J, Ensor C, Dubuc GJ, Narang SA, Daunert S. Genetically fused single-chain anti-Salmonella antibody with aequorin: a bioluminescence immunoassay for a Salmonella antigen. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)00852-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Chiral drugs, agrochemicals, food additives and fragrances represent classes of compounds with high economic and scientific potential. First the present implications of their chiral nature and necessity of separating enantiomers are summarised in this article. In the following a brief overview of the actual approaches to perform enantioseparations at analytical and preparative scale is given. Challenging aspects of these strategies, such as problems associated with data management, choice of suitable chiral selectors for given enantioseparations and enhanced understanding of the underlying chiral recognition principles, are discussed. Alternatives capable of meeting the requirements of industrial processes, in terms of productivity, cost-effectiveness and environmental issues (e.g., enantioselective membranes) are critically reviewed. The impact of combinatorial methodologies on faster and more effective development and optimisation of novel chiral selectors is outlined. Finally, the merits and limitations of most recent trends in discrimination of enantiomers, including advances in the fields of sensors, microanalysis systems, chiroptical methods and chemical force microscopy are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Maier
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
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Schedl M, Behr T, Ludwig W, Schieifer KH, Niessner R, Knopp D. Optimization of reverse hybridization in microplates coated with rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Syst Appl Microbiol 2000; 23:573-81. [PMID: 11249028 DOI: 10.1016/s0723-2020(00)80032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among the modern molecular techniques for the identification of microorganisms the most straightforward way is through direct hybridization with rRNA/rDNA targeted probes. In this study, the optimization of the experimental procedures for the reverse hybridization technique in 96-well microplates is described using both synthetic model oligonucleotides (18 b) and amplified DNA (app. 4500 bp). Three different types of plates were compared (Maxi Sorp, NucleoLink, CovaLink). Plates made from nonchemically modified polystyrene which are conventionally used in immunoassays (MaxiSorp) proved to be an economic alternative for plates offering chemically modified tailor-made surfaces. Phosphorylation of the oligonucleotide probe was not necessary for successful immobilization whereas with 5'-terminal hexa-deoxyadenosine tailed capture oligonucleotides an enhanced sensitivity of the assay was observed. Variation of the stringency by adjusting different concentrations of formamide during the washing step ensures high probe specificity and therefore allows reliable identification of the microorganisms. The assay can be performed in less than 4 hours using pre-coated plates which can be stored for several weeks. After dissociation of the target DNA/capture probe duplex with an alkaline denaturing solution rehybridization is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schedl
- Institut für Wasserchemie, Technische Universität München, Germany
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14
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Wu F, Xu Y, Xu T, Wang Y, Han S. Time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay of thyroxine in serum: immobilized antigen approach. Anal Biochem 1999; 276:171-6. [PMID: 10603240 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1999.4342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With T(4)-bovine IgG as a solid-phase antigen, we have developed a direct competitive-type immunoassay for serum total thyroxine (TT(4)), which depends on the competitive distribution of europium-labeled anti-T(4) monoclonal antibody between solid-phase-bound T(4) and the T(4) in the sample or standard. The captured fraction of the tracer was measured after a dissociation-enhancement step. Four different T(4) protein conjugates were synthesized, of which T(4)-bovine IgG was selected as the most favorable for the preparation of solid-phase antigen. The sensitivity was 3.5 ng/ml with a sample volume of 20 microl. T(4) values obtained by this procedure agreed well with those obtained by RIA (r = 0.967, n = 38) and EG&G Wallac TRFIA (r = 0.926, n = 64). All other quality criteria was also fulfilled with respect to precision, accuracy, and dynamic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wu
- Laboratory of Immunoassay, Department of Isotope, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, People's Republic of China 102413
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