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Kim HD, Bae H, Yun S, Lee H, Eum SH, Yang CW, Oh EJ, Chung BH. Impact of Induction Immunosuppressants on T Lymphocyte Subsets after Kidney Transplantation: A Prospective Observational Study with Focus on Anti-Thymocyte Globulin and Basiliximab Induction Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14288. [PMID: 37762590 PMCID: PMC10532255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction immunosuppressive therapy for kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) primarily includes interleukin-2 receptor antagonists, such as basiliximab (BXM) or lymphocyte-depleting agents, and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG). This study aimed to investigate their effects on T cell dynamics during the early post-transplantation period. This prospective observational study included 157 KTRs. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each patient within 5 days before and 4 and 12 weeks after transplantation. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to assess various T cell subsets whose changes were then analyzed. In the ATG group, CD4+ T cell expression decreased significantly compared with that in the BXM group. However, CD4+CD161+ and CD4+CD25+CD127low T cell expression levels increased significantly. In the CD8+ T cell subset, a decrease in CD8+CD28nullCD57+ and CD8+CCR7+ T cell expression was observed in the ATG group. However, among patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven acute rejection, T cell subset expression did not significantly differ relative to non-rejection cases. In conclusion, ATG induction therapy resulted in more pronounced changes in T lymphocyte subsets than BXM induction, with increased CD4+CD161+ and CD4+CD25+CD127low T cells and an early decrease in CD8+CD28nullCD57+ and CD8+CCR7+ T cells, some of which are associated with acute rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Duk Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyunjoo Bae
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (H.B.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sojeong Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (H.B.); (S.Y.)
| | - Hanbi Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (C.W.Y.)
| | - Sang Hun Eum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon 21431, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (C.W.Y.)
| | - Eun-Jee Oh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Research and Development Institute for In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ha Chung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (C.W.Y.)
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Protective effect of resveratrol on the kidney in rats under immunosuppression with tacrolimus. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.831592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Effects of resveratrol on Th17 cell-related immune responses under tacrolimus-based immunosuppression. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:54. [PMID: 30832648 PMCID: PMC6399827 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background We previously reported that tacrolimus (Tac) does not decrease T helper 17 cells (Th17) response in kidney transplantation. In this study, we evaluated whether Resveratrol (Resv) has immunosuppressive effects by decreasing Th17 responses in Tac-based immunosuppression. Methods We investigated the effects of Resv under Tac-treatment conditions, on CD4+ T cell differentiation to Th17 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and proliferation of CD4+ T cells co-cultured with human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HRPTEpiCs). The effects of Resv on Th17 cells were tested in the murine skin transplant model. Results In PBMCs, Tac did not but combination of Tac and Resv further suppressed Th17 immune response. In the co-culture study, combination of Resv to Tac significantly decreased HRPTEpiC-induced T cell proliferation compared to Tac alone. Resv treatment in the Jurkat cell induced the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase and suppressed the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), suggesting blocking Th17 pathway by Resv. In the murine skin transplant model, combination of Resv to Tac significantly prolonged skin graft survival accompanied by the suppression of Th17 cells, compared to either the Tac-alone or control groups. Conclusion The results of our study suggest that Resv provides additional immunosuppressive effects to Tac by suppressing effector CD4+ T cells, especially Th17 cells, in the transplantation setting.
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Chung BH, Yang CW, Cho ML. Clinical significance of Th17 cells in kidney transplantation. Korean J Intern Med 2018; 33:860-866. [PMID: 29843491 PMCID: PMC6129639 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation research has focused on cytotoxic T-cell and plasma cell/B-cell-targeted strategies, but little attention has been paid to the role of T helper 17 (Th17) cells in allograft dysfunction. However, accumulating evidence suggests that Th17 cells contribute to the development of acute and chronic allograft injury after transplantation of various organs, including the kidney. This review summarizes recent reports on the role of Th17 cells in kidney transplantation. Means of improving allograft outcomes by targeting the Th17 pathway are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ha Chung
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Mi-La Cho, Ph.D. Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea Tel: +82-2-2258-7467 Fax: +82-2-599-4287 E-mail:
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Kim KW, Kim BM, Doh KC, Kim CD, Jeong KH, Lee SH, Yang CW, Chung BH. Clinical significance of CD161+CD4+ T cells in the development of chronic antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200631. [PMID: 30011312 PMCID: PMC6047803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether CD161+CD4+ T cells can reflect the Th17 pathway in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and investigated the clinical significance of this cell type in chronic antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR) in KT. First, we investigated the relationship between CD161+CD4+ T and Th17 cells by flow cytometry and microarray analysis in an in vitro study. Second, we compared the proportion of T cell subsets including CD161+CD4+ T cells in cAMR (n = 18), long-term graft survival (LTGS) (n = 46), and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA) (n = 22). We compared CD161+ cell infiltration between cAMR and IF/TA and also examined the effect of CD161+ T cells on human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HRPTEpiC). In flow cytometry, the proportion of CD161+CD4+ T cells showed a significant correlation with the proportion of Th17 cells. In microarray analysis, transcripts associated with the Th17 pathway such as IL18RAP, IL-18R1, IL23R, IL12RB2, RORC, TBX21, and EOMES were upregulated in CD161+ cells compared with CD161- cells. In an ex vivo study, only CD161+CD4+ T cells showed a significant increase in the cAMR group compared with IF/TA and LTGS groups. In allograft tissue, CD161+ cells showed a higher level of infiltration in the cAMR group than the IF/TA group. Lastly, CD161+ T cells increased the production of inflammatory cytokines from HRPTEpiC in a dose-dependent manner. This study suggests that monitoring of CD161+ T cells can be useful to detect the progression of cAMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Woon Kim
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Chan Doh
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Duck Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ha Chung
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Chung BH, Kim KW, Kim BM, Doh KC, Cho ML, Yang CW. Increase of Th17 Cell Phenotype in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Chronic Allograft Dysfunction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145258. [PMID: 26717145 PMCID: PMC4696852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the association of Th17 cell phenotype with chronic allograft dysfunction in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). We compared the expression of Th17 cell phenotype in KTRs with chronic allograft dysfunction group (CAD, n = 52) with four control groups (long-term stable KTRs (LTS, n = 67), early stable KTRs (ES, n = 28), end stage renal disease (ESRD, n = 45), and healthy control (HC, n = 26). We also performed in vitro study using human proximal renal tubular epithelial cell line (HPRTEpiC) to evaluate the effect of IL-17 on human renal tubular epithelial cells. The CAD group showed increased percentage of Th17 cells out of CD4+ T cells and also increased proportion of IL-17 producing cells out of effector memory T cells or out of CCR4+CCR6+/CD4+ T cells compared to the LTS group and other control groups. Also, the serum level of IL-17, IL-33, and RAGE, and the expression of IL-1beta, RAGE, and HMGB1 mRNA showed an increase in the CAD group compared to the LTS group. In vitro study revealed that IL-17 increased production of IL-6 and IL-8 and up-regulated profibrotic gene expression such as ACTA-2 and CTGF in HPRTEpiC in a dose-dependent manner, which suggests that IL-17 has a role in the development of renal tubular cell injury. The results of our study may suggest that increase of Th17 cell phenotype could be a marker for the chronic allograft injury; hence there is a need to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools targeting the Th17 cells pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ha Chung
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- Transplant research center, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Woon Kim
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- Transplant research center, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- Transplant research center, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Chan Doh
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- Transplant research center, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic disease, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- Transplant research center, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Dysregulation of Th17 cells during the early post-transplant period in patients under calcineurin inhibitor based immunosuppression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42011. [PMID: 22848688 PMCID: PMC3405048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that Th17 cells play a role in the development of chronic allograft injury in transplantation of various organs. However, the influence of current immunosuppressants on Th17-associated immune responses has not been fully investigated. We prospectively investigated the changes in Th17 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected before and 1 and 3 months after KT in 26 patients and we investigated the suppressive effect of tacrolimus on Th17 in vitro. In the early posttransplant period, the percentage of Th17 cells and the proportion of IL-17-producing cells in the effector memory T cells (TEM) were significantly increased at 3 months after transplantation compared with before transplantation (P<0.05), whereas Th1/Th2 cells and TEM cells were significantly decreased. The degree of increase in Th17 during the early posttransplant period was significantly associated with allograft function at 1 year after transplantation (r = 0.4, P<0.05). In vitro, tacrolimus suppressed Th1 and Th2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not suppress Th17 cells even at high concentration. This suggests that current immunosuppression based on tacrolimus is inadequate to suppress Th17 cells in KTRs, and dysregulation of Th17 may be associated with the progression of CAD.
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Chung BH, Oh HJ, Piao SG, Sun IO, Kang SH, Choi SR, Park HS, Choi BS, Choi YJ, Park CW, Kim YS, Cho ML, Yang CW. Higher infiltration by Th17 cells compared with regulatory T cells is associated with severe acute T-cell-mediated graft rejection. Exp Mol Med 2011; 43:630-7. [PMID: 21865860 PMCID: PMC3249589 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2011.43.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the Th17 and Treg cell infiltration into allograft tissue is associated with the severity of allograft dysfunction and tissue injury in acute T cell-mediated rejection (ATCMR). Seventy-one allograft tissues with biopsy-proven ATCMR were included. The biopsy specimens were immunostained for FOXP3 and IL-17. The allograft function was assessed at biopsy by measuring serum creatinine (Scr) concentration, and by applying the modified diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula, which provides the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The severity of allograft tissue injury was assessed by calculating tissue injury scores using the Banff classification. The average numbers of infiltrating Treg and Th17 cells were 11.6 ± 12.2 cells/mm² and 5.6 ± 8.0 cells/mm², respectively. The average Treg/Th17 ratio was 5.6 ± 8.2. The Treg/Th17 ratio was significantly associated with allograft function (Scr and MDRD eGFR) and with the severity of interstitial injury and tubular injury (P < 0.05, all parameters). In separate analyses of the number of infiltrating Treg and Th17 cells, Th17 cell infiltration was significantly associated with allograft function and the severity of tissue injury. By contrast, Treg cell infiltration was not significantly associated with allograft dysfunction or the severity of tissue injury. The results of this study show that higher infiltration of Th17 cell compared with Treg cell is significantly associated with the severity of allograft dysfunction and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ha Chung
- Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic Disease, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
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Kahan BD. Forty years of publication of Transplantation Proceedings--the fourth decade: Globalization of the enterprise. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:3-29. [PMID: 21335147 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry D Kahan
- Division of Immunology and Organ Transplantation, The University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Ye P, Li J, Wang S, Xie A, Sun W, Xia J. Eicosapentaenoic acid disrupts the balance between Tregs and IL-17+ T cells through PPARγ nuclear receptor activation and protects cardiac allografts. J Surg Res 2010; 173:161-70. [PMID: 20950829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is one of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids that possesses a wide array of anti-inflammatory effects but its effects, on transplantation in general and on Tregs and IL-17(+) T cells in particular, are not well studied. We treated recipient mice of heart transplantation with EPA and examined the effect of EPA on the ratio of Tregs/IL-17(+) T cells in an allogeneic heart transplant model. The hearts from BALB/c (H-2d) mice were transplanted into C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice, and the recipients were administered EPA (500 mg/kg/d, 250 mg/kg/d, or 100 mg/kg/d) from d 1 to 3 post-transplant. The survival of cardiac allografts in mice treated with EPA was significantly protracted. Further examination of donor hearts in EPA-treated group demonstrated that infiltrating Foxp3(+) T cells were increased, IL-17(+) T cells were decreased, and expression of PPARγ was up-regulated. In mixed lymphocytes reaction (MLR), incubation with EPA significantly inhibited the proliferation of IL-17(+) T cells and promoted the proliferation of Tregs, while PPARγ antagonists GW9662 could reverse the results. Our study demonstrated that EPA can effectively protect cardiac allografts and disrupt the balance between Tregs and IL-17(+) T cells in a murine model. This effect is partially mediated by PPARγ nuclear receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009; 22:394-402. [PMID: 19483618 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0b013e32832d7aff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome has become well recognized in the HIV-infected population. However, little is known about its occurrence in non-HIV immunocompromised hosts. The present review aims to propose the pathogenesis of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, summarize its occurrence in immunocompromised patients without HIV infection, and suggest potential treatment options. RECENT FINDINGS Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is exuberant and dysregulated inflammatory responses to invading microorganisms. It manifests when an abrupt shift of host immunity from an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive status towards a pathogenic proinflammatory state occurs as a result of rapid decreases or removal of factors promoting immunosuppression or inhibiting inflammation. In addition to HIV-infected patients, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome has also been observed in solid organ transplant recipients, women during the postpartum period, neutropenic patients, and tumor necrosis factor antagonist recipients. Corticosteroids are the most commonly employed treatment, whereas other potential agents based on its pathogenesis deserve further investigation. SUMMARY Non-HIV immunocompromised hosts develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome when the sudden change in the dominant T helper responses to inflammation is not well balanced by anti-inflammatory responses. Judicious manipulation of host immunity and timely recognition of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome as we deal with the infections in these populations is critical to limit or avoid the harm by immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
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Interleukin-17 and Kidney Allograft Outcome. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:1562-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2007] [Revised: 07/10/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Benghiat FS, Charbonnier LM, Vokaer B, De Wilde V, Le Moine A. Interleukin 17-producing T helper cells in alloimmunity. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2009; 23:11-8. [PMID: 19027613 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2008.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 17 is a proinflammatory cytokine already known to play a defense role against microbes and a pathogenic role in a number of autoimmune diseases. Although IL-17 can be produced by a variety of cells including neutrophils, CD8+, NK, and gamma-delta T cells, the concept of IL-17-secreting CD4+ T helper cells (Th17), distinct from Th1 and Th2, recently emerged. Herein, we discuss arguments in favor of a Th17-mediated alternative pathway of allograft rejection based on clinical and experimental observations drawn from the literature. We also discuss the complex interplays among regulatory T cells and Th17 cells in the allogeneic context.
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Ge D, You Z. Expression of interleukin-17RC protein in normal human tissues. Int Arch Med 2008; 1:19. [PMID: 18928529 PMCID: PMC2596096 DOI: 10.1186/1755-7682-1-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokines and receptors play an important role in many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IL-17 receptors IL-17RA and IL-17RC have been found to form a heterodimer for mediating the signals of IL-17A and IL-17F cytokines. While the function and signaling pathway of IL-17RA has been revealed, IL-17RC has not been well characterized. The function and signaling pathway of IL-17RC remain largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to systematically examine IL-17RC protein expression in 53 human tissues. Results IL-17RC expression in 51 normal human tissues and two benign tumors (i.e., lymphangioma and parathyroid adenoma) on the tissue microarrays was determined by immunohistochemical staining, using two polyclonal antibodies against IL-17RC. IL-17RC protein was expressed in many cell types including the myocardial cells, vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells, glandular cells (of the adrenal, parathyroid, pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, parotid salivary, and subepidermal glands), epithelial cells (of the esophagus, stomach, intestine, anus, renal tubule, breast, cervix, Fallopian tube, epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate, gallbladder, bronchus, lung, and skin), oocytes in the ovary, Sertoli cells in the testis, motor neurons in the spinal cord, autonomic ganglia and nerves in the intestine, skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes, articular chondrocytes, and synovial cells. High levels of IL-17RC protein expression were observed in most vascular and lymphatic endothelium and squamous epithelium. The epithelium of the breast, cervix, Fallopian tube, kidney, bladder and bronchus also expressed high levels of IL-17RC, so did the glandular cells in the adrenal cortex, parotid salivary and subepidermal glands. In contrast, IL-17RC protein was not detectable in the smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, antral mucosa of the stomach, mucosa of the colon, endometrium of the uterus, neurons of the brain, hepatocytes, or lymphocytes. Nevertheless, IL-17RC protein was expressed in the vascular endothelium within the tissues where the IL-17RC-negative cells resided. Conclusion IL-17RC protein is expressed in most human tissues, the function of which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Ge
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, 1430 Tulane Avenue SL-49, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
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The interleukin-12 family of cytokines: Therapeutic targets for inflammatory disease mediation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cair.2005.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yang RB, Ng CKD, Wasserman SM, Kömüves LG, Gerritsen ME, Topper JN. A novel interleukin-17 receptor-like protein identified in human umbilical vein endothelial cells antagonizes basic fibroblast growth factor-induced signaling. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:33232-8. [PMID: 12807873 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m305022200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously utilized a combination of high throughput sequencing and genome-wide microarray profiling analyses to identify novel cell-surface proteins expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. One gene identified by this approach encodes a type I transmembrane receptor that shares sequence homology with the intracellular domain of members of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) receptor family. Real-time quantitative PCR and Northern analyses revealed that this gene is highly expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in several highly vascularized tissues such as kidney, colon, skeletal muscle, heart, and small intestine. In addition, we also found that it is also highly expressed in the ductal epithelial cells of human salivary glands, seminal vesicles, and the collecting tubules of the kidney by in situ hybridization. This putative receptor, which we have termed human SEF (hSEF), is also expressed in a variety of breast cancer tissues. In co-immunoprecipitation assays, this receptor is capable of forming homomeric complexes and can interact with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 1. Overexpression of this receptor inhibits FGF induction of an FGF-responsive reporter gene in human 293T cells. This appears to occur as a result of specific inhibition of p42/p44 ERK in the absence of upstream MEK inhibition. This inhibitory effect is dependent upon a functional intracellular domain since deletion mutants missing the IL-17 receptor-like domain lack this inhibitory effect. These findings are consistent with the recent discovery of the zebrafish homologue, Sef (similar expression to fgf genes), which specifically antagonizes FGF signaling when ectopically expressed in zebrafish or Xenopus laevis embryos. Based on sequence and functional similarities, this novel IL-17 receptor homologue represents a potential human SEF and is likely to play critical roles in endothelial or epithelial functions such as proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Division
- Cell Line
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Cloning, Molecular
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/metabolism
- Genes, Reporter
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization
- Luciferases/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Plasmids/metabolism
- Precipitin Tests
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin/chemistry
- Receptors, Interleukin/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-17
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Signal Transduction
- Tissue Distribution
- Transfection
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Umbilical Veins/cytology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Bing Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
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Steiner GE, Newman ME, Paikl D, Stix U, Memaran-Dagda N, Lee C, Marberger MJ. Expression and function of pro-inflammatory interleukin IL-17 and IL-17 receptor in normal, benign hyperplastic, and malignant prostate. Prostate 2003; 56:171-82. [PMID: 12772186 DOI: 10.1002/pros.10238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To investigate factors involved in inflammation of the prostate besides IL-15, we screened prostatic cells and tissues for IL-17 and IL-17 receptor expression. METHODS Normal prostate (n = 1), BPH (n = 19), and carcinoma (CaP, n = 12) specimens were screened for IL-17, IL-17 receptor, CD45, IL-6, and IL-8 mRNA expression. The carcinoma cell lines DU145, PC3, LNCaP, and BPH-epithelial (EC), stromal cell (SC) preparations, and BPH-T-cell lines were analyzed for IL-17 production by RT-PCR and ELISA. The effect of IL-17 on IL-6, IL-8, TGF-beta1, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) mRNA expression and/or release of SC was analyzed using real-time PCR and/or ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was used to localize both IL-17 and IL-17 receptor. RESULTS In the normal prostate, IL-17 expression was very weak and restricted to lymphocytes. In 79% of BPH and 58% of CaP specimens, IL-17 mRNA and protein expression was increased. IL-17 mRNA expression could be shown for activated BPH-T-cells and to some extend for BPH-EC. Expression of IL-17 receptor was ubiquitous. Release of IL-17 was shown only for activated BPH-T-cells. IL-17 stimulated expression of IL-6 (13-fold) and IL-8 (26-fold) by prostatic BPH-SC. In situ, however, the amount of IL-17mRNA in BPH-tissue did not correlate with the amount of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA. In CaP tissue, significant correlation was found only between the amount of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS Activated BPH-T-cells abundantly express IL-17. The increase of IL-17 in BPH-tissues goes hand in hand with elevated levels of IL-15, a pro-inflammatory cytokine with T-cell growth factor properties. A clinical relevance of increased IL-17 expression under pathological conditions is suggested by the demonstration of significant upregulation of IL-6 and IL-8 production of prostatic SC by IL-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg E Steiner
- Department of Urology, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
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19
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Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by activated T-cells. Recently discovered related molecules are forming a family of cytokines, the IL-17 family. The prototype member of the family has been designated IL-17A. Due to recent advances in the human genome sequencing and proteomics five additional members have been identified and cloned: IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E and IL-17F. The cognate receptors for the IL-17 family identified thus far are: IL-17R, IL-17RH1, IL-17RL (receptor like), IL-17RD and IL-17RE. However, the ligand specificities of many of these receptors have not been established. The IL-17 signaling system is operative in disparate tissues such as articular cartilage, bone, meniscus, brain, hematopoietic tissue, kidney, lung, skin and intestine. Thus, the evolving IL-17 family of ligands and receptors may play an important role in the homeostasis of tissues in health and disease beyond the immune system. This survey reviews the biological actions of IL-17 signaling in cancers, musculoskeletal tissues, the immune system and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Moseley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Tissue Regeneration and Repair, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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20
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Aggarwal S, Ghilardi N, Xie MH, de Sauvage FJ, Gurney AL. Interleukin-23 promotes a distinct CD4 T cell activation state characterized by the production of interleukin-17. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:1910-4. [PMID: 12417590 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m207577200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1352] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is produced by activated T cells. Despite increasing evidence that high levels of IL-17 are associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis, the regulation of its expression is not well characterized. We observe that IL-17 production is increased in response to the recently described cytokine IL-23. We present evidence that murine IL-23, which is produced by activated dendritic cells, acts on memory T cells, resulting in elevated IL-17 secretion. IL-23 also induced expression of the related cytokine IL-17F. IL-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine and shares a subunit, p40, with IL-12. In contrast to IL-23, IL-12 had only marginal effects on IL-17 production. These data suggest that during a secondary immune response, IL-23 can promote an activation state with features distinct from the well characterized Th1 and Th2 profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeepta Aggarwal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
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21
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Haudenschild D, Moseley T, Rose L, Reddi AH. Soluble and transmembrane isoforms of novel interleukin-17 receptor-like protein by RNA splicing and expression in prostate cancer. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:4309-16. [PMID: 11706037 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109372200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the interleukin-17 cytokine family are present in a variety of tissues (1-3), although the founding member, interleukin-17, is expressed exclusively in T cells and B cells (4-8). The cloning and characterization of a novel single-pass transmembrane protein with limited homology to the interleukin-17 receptor is reported. High mRNA levels were detected in prostate, cartilage, kidney, liver, heart, and muscle, whereas transcripts were barely detected in thymus and leukocytes. At least 11 RNA splice variants were found, transcribed from 19 exons on human chromosome 3p25.3-3p24.1. Differential exon usage was found in different tissues by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. Predicted proteins range from 186 to 720 amino acids. Soluble secreted proteins lacking transmembrane and intracellular domains are predicted from several splice isoforms and may function as extracellular antagonists to cytokine signaling by functioning as soluble decoy receptors. Using antibodies directed at the cytoplasmic and extracellular domains of this protein, we investigated its localization and found that it was expressed in a variety of normal human tissues including prostate and in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Haudenschild
- Center for Tissue Regeneration and Repair and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
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