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Colombo R, Moretto G, Barberis M, Frosi I, Papetti A. Rice Byproduct Compounds: From Green Extraction to Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:35. [PMID: 38247461 PMCID: PMC10812773 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, rice (Oryza sativa L.) production and consumption is increasing worldwide, and many efforts to decrease the substantial impact of its byproducts are needed. In recent years, the interest in utilizing rice kernels, husk, bran, and germ for the recovery of different molecules, from catalysts (to produce biodiesel) to bioactive compounds, has grown. In fact, rice byproducts are rich in secondary metabolites (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tocopherols) with different types of bioactivity, mainly antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory, which make them useful as functional ingredients. In this review, we focus our attention on the recovery of antioxidant compounds from rice byproducts by using innovative green techniques that can overcome the limitations of traditional extraction processes, such as their environmental and economic impact. In addition, traditional assays and more innovative methodologies to evaluate the antioxidant activity are discussed. Finally, the possible molecular mechanisms of action of the rice byproduct antioxidant compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, γ-oryzanol, and vitamin E) are discussed as well. In the future, it is expected that rice byproduct antioxidants will be important food ingredients that reduce the risk of the development of several human disorders involving oxidative stress, such as metabolic diseases, inflammatory disorders, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Colombo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (I.F.)
| | - Giulia Moretto
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (I.F.)
| | - Marta Barberis
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (I.F.)
| | - Ilaria Frosi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (I.F.)
| | - Adele Papetti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.C.); (G.M.); (M.B.); (I.F.)
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (C.S.G.I.), Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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2
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Mohideen K, Chandrasekaran K, Veeraraghavan H, Faizee SH, Dhungel S, Ghosh S. Meta-Analysis of Assessment of Total Oxidative Stress and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Patients with Periodontitis. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:9949047. [PMID: 37937148 PMCID: PMC10627720 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9949047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is intricately linked to oxidative stress-antioxidant (redox) imbalance. The antioxidant system scavenges the oxygen free radicals in biological fluids in patients with periodontitis. However, little is still known about the free radicals mediated oxidative stress and reductive ability of the antioxidant system. Thus, the present meta-analysis aims to quantitatively review the literature that assessed the oxidative stress marker total oxidative stress (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in various biological fluids of patients with periodontitis. Methodology. Electronic databases were searched for studies that assessed TOS and TAC levels in various biological samples of patients with periodontitis. Results From the 1,812 articles identified, 1,754 were excluded based on title and abstract screening due to irrelevance to the topic of interest. A full-text assessment of the remaining 58 articles led to the selection of 42 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Of these, only 24 studies had consistent data for quantitative analysis. The periodontitis group displayed significantly elevated TOS levels (p < 0.05) in serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and saliva samples in the studies evaluated. In contrast, the periodontitis group exhibited significantly attenuated TAC levels (p < 0.01) compared to healthy controls in plasma, serum, and GCF samples of the studies evaluated, which was insignificant in salivary samples (p=0.433). At the same time, the periodontitis group displayed insignificantly elevated TAC levels after periodontal therapy (p=0.130). Conclusions The present meta-analysis showed significantly higher TOS and lower TAC in periodontitis, reflecting the elevated oxidative stress level than the control group. Clinical Relevance. Scientific rationale for the study: The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants (oxidative stress (OS)) plays a critical role in the onset and progression of periodontitis; the assessment of the relationship between OS-related biomarkers in regional samples and systemic samples of patients with periodontitis helps us to evaluate the periodontal disease progression. The OS biomarker levels can be used to assess periodontal disease and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah Mohideen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India
| | | | - Harsha Veeraraghavan
- Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India
| | - Shahul Hameed Faizee
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India
| | - Safal Dhungel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Snehashish Ghosh
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Nepal
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3
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Tomsič K, Domanjko Petrič A, Nemec A, Pirman T, Rezar V, Seliškar A, Vovk T, Nemec Svete A. Evaluation of antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve degeneration stage B1. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1203480. [PMID: 37745214 PMCID: PMC10512023 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1203480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) is the most common naturally occurring heart disease in dogs. There is a lack of data on antioxidant status and oxidative damage in dogs with MMVD stage B1 according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM B1). The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant status (plasma vitamin E, lipid-standardized vitamin E (LS-VitE), antioxidant capacity of lipid-(ACL) and water-soluble antioxidants, whole blood glutathione peroxidase and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase), and lipid peroxidation [malondialdehyde (MDA)] in dogs with MMVD ACVIM B1. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were measured to calculate LS-VitE. Fourteen dogs with MMVD ACVIM B1 and 12 control dogs were included in the study. Dogs with MMVD had significantly higher vitamin E, ACL, MDA, and cholesterol concentrations and significantly higher LS-VitE values than control dogs. No significant correlations between MDA and antioxidant parameters were determined in either group. In conclusion, oxidative damage to lipids is already present and the antioxidant status is altered but not depleted in dogs with MMVD ACVIM B1. The antioxidant response to increased oxidative damage consists mainly of the activation of fat-soluble antioxidants. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy and targets of early antioxidant supplementation to prevent or ameliorate oxidative stress and mitigate disease progression in dogs with early-stage MMVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Tomsič
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Ana Nemec
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Pirman
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Vida Rezar
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Seliškar
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Vovk
- The Chair of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Nemec Svete
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Żak N, Wilczyńska A. The Importance of Testing the Quality and Authenticity of Food Products: The Example of Honey. Foods 2023; 12:3210. [PMID: 37685142 PMCID: PMC10486586 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to review methods of honey testing in the assessment of its quality and authenticity. The quality of honey, like other food products, is multidimensional. This quality can be assessed not only on the basis of the characteristics evaluated by the consumer during purchase and consumption, but also on the basis of various physicochemical parameters. A number of research methods are used to verify the quality of honeys and to confirm their authenticity. Obligatory methods of assessing the quality of honey are usually described in legal acts. On the other hand, other, non-normative methods of honey quality assessment are used worldwide; they can be used to determine not only the elementary chemical composition of individual types of honey, but also the biological activity of honey and its components. However, so far, there has been no systematization of these methods together with a discussion of problems encountered when determining the authenticity of honeys. Therefore, the aim of our study was to collect information on the methods of assessing the quality and authenticity of honeys, and to identify the problems that occur during this assessment. As a result, a tabular summary of various research methods was created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Żak
- Department of Quality Management, Gdynia Maritime University, ul. Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland;
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5
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Buzzi R, Gugel I, Costa S, Molesini S, Boreale S, Baldini E, Marchetti N, Vertuani S, Pinelli P, Urciuoli S, Baldisserotto A, Manfredini S. Up-Cycling of Olea europaea L. Ancient Cultivars Side Products: Study of a Combined Cosmetic-Food Supplement Treatment Based on Leaves and Olive Mill Wastewater Extracts. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1509. [PMID: 37511885 PMCID: PMC10381166 DOI: 10.3390/life13071509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a reversal of the global economic framework has been taking place: from the linear model, there has been a gradual transition to a circular model where by-products from the agri-food industry are taken and transformed into value products (upcycling) rather than being disposed of. Olive tree pruning represents an important biomass currently used for combustion; however, the leaf part of the olive tree is rich in phenolic substances, including hydroxytyrosol. Mill wastewater is also discarded, but it still contains high amounts of hydroxytyrosol. In this study, cosmetic and food supplement formulations were prepared using biophenols extracted from leaves and wastewater and were tested in a placebo-controlled study on healthy volunteers using a combined cosmetic and food supplement treatment. A significant improvement in skin health indicators (collagen density, elasticity, etc.) and a 17% improvement against Photo-induced Irritative Stimulus was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Gugel
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Costa
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Boreale
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Baldini
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Marchetti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pinelli
- Department of Statistics, Computer Sciences and Applications DiSIA-PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- Department of Statistics, Computer Sciences and Applications DiSIA-PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Różyło R, Amarowicz R, Janiak MA, Domin M, Gawłowski S, Kulig R, Łysiak G, Rząd K, Matwijczuk A. Micronized Powder of Raspberry Pomace as a Source of Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:4871. [PMID: 37375425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Red raspberries, which contain a variety of nutrients and phytochemicals that are beneficial for human health, can be utilized as a raw material in the creation of several supplements. This research suggests micronized powder of raspberry pomace production. The molecular characteristics (FTIR), sugar, and biological potential (phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity) of micronized raspberry powders were investigated. FTIR spectroscopy results revealed spectral changes in the ranges with maxima at ~1720, 1635, and 1326, as well as intensity changes in practically the entire spectral range analyzed. The discrepancies clearly indicate that the micronization of the raspberry byproduct samples cleaved the intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the polysaccharides present in the samples, thus increasing the respective content of simple saccharides. In comparison to the control powders, more glucose and fructose were recovered from the micronized samples of the raspberry powders. The study's micronized powders were found to contain nine different types of phenolic compounds, including rutin, elagic acid derivatives, cyanidin-3-sophoroside, cyanidin-3-(2-glucosylrutinoside), cyanidin-3-rutinoside, pelargonidin-3-rutinoside, and elagic acid derivatives. Significantly higher concentrations of ellagic acid and ellagic acid derivatives and rutin were found in the micronized samples than in the control sample. The antioxidant potential assessed by ABTS and FRAP significantly increased following the micronization procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Różyło
- Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał Adam Janiak
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marek Domin
- Department of Biological Bases of Food and Feed Technologies, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 28 Głęboka Str., 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sławomir Gawłowski
- Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ryszard Kulig
- Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Łysiak
- Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Klaudia Rząd
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- ECOTECH-COMPLEX-Analytical and Programme Centre for Advanced Environmentally-Friendly Tech-Nologies, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Głęboka 39, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Sulewska K, Rybarczyk-Płońska A, Karamać M. Antioxidant Capacity of Lentil Flour Hydrolysates Obtained with Pancreatin. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/155932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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8
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Ferrara F, Benedusi M, Sguizzato M, Cortesi R, Baldisserotto A, Buzzi R, Valacchi G, Esposito E. Ethosomes and Transethosomes as Cutaneous Delivery Systems for Quercetin: A Preliminary Study on Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1038. [PMID: 35631628 PMCID: PMC9147749 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study is aimed to design ethosomes and transethosomes for topical administration of quercetin. To overcome quercetin low bioavailability, scarce solubility and poor permeability that hamper its pharmaceutical use, the drug was loaded in ethosomes and transethosomes based on different concentrations of phosphatidylcholine. Vesicle morphology was studied by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, while size distribution and quercetin entrapment capacity were evaluated up to 3 months, respectively, by photon correlation spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant property was studied by photochemiluminescence test. Quercetin release and permeation was investigated in vitro, using Franz cells associated to different membranes. In vitro assays were conducted on human keratinocytes and melanoma cells to study the behavior of quercetin-loaded nano-vesicular forms with respect to cell migration and proliferation. The results evidenced that both phosphatidylcholine concentration and quercetin affected the vesicle size. Quercetin entrapment capacity, antioxidant activity and size stability were controlled using transethosomes produced by the highest amount of phosphatidylcholine. In vitro permeation studies revealed an enhancement of quercetin permeation in the case of transethosomes with respect to ethosomes. Notably, scratch wound and migration assays suggested the potential of quercetin loaded-transethosomes as adjuvant strategy for skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Maddalena Sguizzato
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121-Ferrara, Italy or (M.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Rita Cortesi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121-Ferrara, Italy or (M.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Science, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Elisabetta Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121-Ferrara, Italy or (M.S.); (R.C.)
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Jurja S, Negreanu‑Pirjol T, Vasile M, Hincu M, Ciuluvica R, Negreanu‑Pirjol BS. Comparative antioxidant activity of various ophthalmic product types for artificial tears under different experimental conditions. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:330. [PMID: 35401809 PMCID: PMC8987944 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial tears or lubricants is a developing category in pharmaceutical research, due to the permanent increasing incidence of dry eye syndrome caused by the extensive use of personal computers and other gadget screens, associated with global warming and pollution. Considering the role of inflammation in dry eye syndrome, characterized by the production of free radicals, it is imperative to determine which elements are more significant in forming an artificial tear more effectively and more comfortably for the eye state and for the quality of life. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the evolution of the total antioxidant capacity of some frequently commercialized artificial tears via the photochemiluminescence method, using an antioxidant capacity of lipid soluble substances procedure, prior and subsequent to the exposure of these therapy agents to some physical agents. This is a preliminary research aiming to evaluate the impact of various environmental factors on these ophthalmic products, to be continued by evaluating whether the effectiveness of these products, in terms of objective examination and patient preference and adherence criteria, is impacted by the conditions of use and storage. Thus, the total antioxidant capacity of the evaluated artificial tear samples after UVC irradiation at 254 nm wavelength was studied, in order to investigate whether their status suffered any change in terms of antioxidant potential. In addition to the findings obtained in the study, some recommendations were also made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda Jurja
- Faculty of Medicine, ‘Ovidius’ University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | | | - Monica Vasile
- Faculty of Medicine, ‘Ovidius’ University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mihaela Hincu
- Faculty of Medicine, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Radu Ciuluvica
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
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Sicurella M, Sguizzato M, Mariani P, Pepe A, Baldisserotto A, Buzzi R, Huang N, Simelière F, Burholt S, Marconi P, Esposito E. Natural Polyphenol-Containing Gels against HSV-1 Infection: A Comparative Study. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12020227. [PMID: 35055245 PMCID: PMC8780422 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection commonly affects many people, causing perioral sores, as well as severe complications including encephalitis in immunocompromised patients. The main pharmacological approach involves synthetic antiviral drugs, among which acyclovir is the golden standard, often leading to resistant virus strains under long-term use. An alternative approach based on antiviral plant-derived compounds, such as quercetin and mangiferin, demonstrated an antiviral potential. In the present study, semisolid forms for cutaneous application of quercetin and mangiferin were designed and evaluated to treat HSV-1 infection. Phosphatidylcholine- and poloxamer-based gels were produced and characterized. Gel physical–chemical aspects were evaluated by rheological measurements and X-ray diffraction, evidencing the different thermoresponsive behaviors and supramolecular organizations of semisolid forms. Quercetin and mangiferin diffusion kinetics were compared in vitro by a Franz cell system, demonstrating the different gel efficacies to restrain the polyphenol diffusion. The capability of gels to control polyphenol antioxidant potential and stability was evaluated, indicating a higher stability and antioxidant activity in the case of quercetin loaded in poloxamer-based gel. Furthermore, a plaque reduction assay, conducted to compare the virucidal effect of quercetin and mangiferin loaded in gels against the HSV-1 KOS strain, demonstrated the suitability of poloxamer-based gel to prolong the polyphenol activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaconcetta Sicurella
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Maddalena Sguizzato
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Paolo Mariani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy; (P.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessia Pepe
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy; (P.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Nicolas Huang
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (N.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Fanny Simelière
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (N.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Sam Burholt
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK;
| | - Peggy Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.S.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (E.E.); Tel.: +39-0532-455230 (E.E.)
| | - Elisabetta Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.S.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (E.E.); Tel.: +39-0532-455230 (E.E.)
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11
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Tziveleka LA, Tammam MA, Tzakou O, Roussis V, Ioannou E. Metabolites with Antioxidant Activity from Marine Macroalgae. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1431. [PMID: 34573063 PMCID: PMC8470618 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack biological molecules, such as lipids, proteins, enzymes, DNA, and RNA, causing cellular and tissue damage. Hence, the disturbance of cellular antioxidant homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and the onset of a plethora of diseases. Macroalgae, growing in stressful conditions under intense exposure to UV radiation, have developed protective mechanisms and have been recognized as an important source of secondary metabolites and macromolecules with antioxidant activity. In parallel, the fact that many algae can be cultivated in coastal areas ensures the provision of sufficient quantities of fine chemicals and biopolymers for commercial utilization, rendering them a viable source of antioxidants. This review focuses on the progress made concerning the discovery of antioxidant compounds derived from marine macroalgae, covering the literature up to December 2020. The present report presents the antioxidant potential and biogenetic origin of 301 macroalgal metabolites, categorized according to their chemical classes, highlighting the mechanisms of antioxidative action when known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leto-Aikaterini Tziveleka
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Mohamed A. Tammam
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Olga Tzakou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
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Flieger J, Flieger W, Baj J, Maciejewski R. Antioxidants: Classification, Natural Sources, Activity/Capacity Measurements, and Usefulness for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4135. [PMID: 34361329 PMCID: PMC8347950 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural extracts are the source of many antioxidant substances. They have proven useful not only as supplements preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress and food additives preventing oxidation but also as system components for the production of metallic nanoparticles by the so-called green synthesis. This is important given the drastically increased demand for nanomaterials in biomedical fields. The source of ecological technology for producing nanoparticles can be plants or microorganisms (yeast, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and bacteria). This review presents recently published research on the green synthesis of nanoparticles. The conditions of biosynthesis and possible mechanisms of nanoparticle formation with the participation of bacteria are presented. The potential of natural extracts for biogenic synthesis depends on the content of reducing substances. The assessment of the antioxidant activity of extracts as multicomponent mixtures is still a challenge for analytical chemistry. There is still no universal test for measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC). There are many in vitro chemical tests that quantify the antioxidant scavenging activity of free radicals and their ability to chelate metals and that reduce free radical damage. This paper presents the classification of antioxidants and non-enzymatic methods of testing antioxidant capacity in vitro, with particular emphasis on methods based on nanoparticles. Examples of recent studies on the antioxidant activity of natural extracts obtained from different species such as plants, fungi, bacteria, algae, lichens, actinomycetes were collected, giving evaluation methods, reference antioxidants, and details on the preparation of extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
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Ravandeh M, Thal D, Kahlert H, Wende K, Lalk M. Self-assembled mono- and bilayers on gold electrodes to assess antioxidants—a comparative study. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered as an imbalance of reactive species over antioxidants, leading to diseases and cell death. Various methods have been developed to determine the antioxidant potential of natural or synthetic compounds based on the ability to scavenge free radicals. However, most of them lack biological relevance. Here, a gold-based self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was compared with a gold-supported lipid bilayer as models for the mammalian cell membrane to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of different antioxidants. The oxidative damage induced by reactive species was verified by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry and measured by the increase of electrochemical peak current of a redox probe. Trolox, caffeic acid (CA), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), ascorbic acid (AA), and ferulic acid (FA) were used as model antioxidants. The change in the decrease of the electrochemical signal reflecting oxidative membrane damage confirms the expected protective role. Both model systems showed similar efficacies of each antioxidant, the achieved order of radical scavenging potential is as follows: Trolox > CA > EGCG > AA > FA. The results showed that the electrochemical assay with SAM-modified electrodes is a stable and powerful tool to estimate qualitatively the antioxidative activity of a compound with respect to cell membrane protection against biologically relevant reactive species.
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Jurgoński A, Opyd PM, Fotschki B. Effects of native or partially defatted hemp seeds on hindgut function, antioxidant status and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Tomsič K, Nemec Svete A, Nemec A, Domanjko Petrič A, Pirman T, Rezar V, Vovk T, Seliškar A. Antioxidant capacity of lipid- and water-soluble antioxidants in dogs with subclinical myxomatous mitral valve degeneration anaesthetised with propofol or sevoflurane. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:305. [PMID: 32831105 PMCID: PMC7445896 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antioxidants located in both the hydrophilic and lipophilic compartments of plasma act as a defence system against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive production of ROS during anaesthesia affects the antioxidant capacity of plasma and may result in oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of lipid- (ACL) and water-soluble (ACW) antioxidants in client-owned dogs diagnosed with periodontal disease and early-stage myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) and anaesthetised for a dental procedure with propofol and sevoflurane or with propofol only. Results Dogs with MMVD were anaesthetised with propofol and sevoflurane (MMVD/PS, n = 8) or with propofol only (MMVD/P, n = 10). Dogs with no evidence of MMVD (PS, n = 12) were anaesthetised with propofol and sevoflurane. Blood samples for determination of ACL and ACW were collected before and 5 min, 60 min and 6 h after induction to anaesthesia. In MMVD/PS dogs, ACL was significantly higher at all sampling times when compared to PS dogs. Compared to basal values, only anaesthesia maintained with propofol significantly increased ACL at 60 min in dogs with MMVD. In MMVD/P dogs, ACW increased after induction to anaesthesia and remained elevated up to 6 h after anaesthesia. Compared to basal values, anaesthesia maintained with sevoflurane significantly increased ACW only at 60 min in both dogs with and without MMVD. The only difference between propofol and propofol/sevoflurane anaesthesia in dogs with MMVD was significantly higher ACW at 60 min after induction to anaesthesia in the propofol group. Conclusions Regarding antioxidant capacity, propofol could be a better choice than sevoflurane for anaesthesia of dogs with early-stage MMVD, although further studies are necessary to clarify the advantage of this antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Tomsič
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Nemec Svete
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Nemec
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Domanjko Petrič
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Pirman
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Vida Rezar
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Vovk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Seliškar
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Battistin M, Dissette V, Bonetto A, Durini E, Manfredini S, Marcomini A, Casagrande E, Brunetta A, Ziosi P, Molesini S, Gavioli R, Nicoli F, Vertuani S, Baldisserotto A. A New Approach to UV Protection by Direct Surface Functionalization of TiO 2 with the Antioxidant Polyphenol Dihydroxyphenyl Benzimidazole Carboxylic Acid. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020231. [PMID: 32013054 PMCID: PMC7075142 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common malignant cancer with an incidence of 1 million cases/year. It is well known that exposure to UV radiation from sunlight leads the most frequent risk factors for several skin disorders including skin cancer. Sunscreen filters represent a valid protection against dangerous effects derived from UV radiation, and they can be divided in organic and inorganic UV filters. Adding, at the product formulation, molecules with booster effect, or also substances that can increase the protecting effectiveness via synergic mechanisms, can further enhance their protection activity. Moreover, this approach leads to develop formulations with high SPF (Sun Protection Factor) with a reduced content of UV filters, this is in line with the recent decisions of yet a few countries (Palau, Thailand, Philippines, and Hawaii) to ban some sunscreen filters to preserve marine environments (i.e., reef). In this work, a new class of sunscreen UV filters has been synthesized, by means the combination of physical filter and Oxisol, an antioxidant molecule with booster effect. In this study, the synthesis of new physical multifunctional ingredients is reported, by means the direct surface functionalization of inorganic filters (in particular TiO2) with Oxisol. In this study, the full characterization of these multifunctional ingredients is also reported, in addition to the cytotoxicity tests, the photocatalytic activity and the rheological properties involved on skin application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Battistin
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (V.D.); (E.D.)
- Kalis S.r.l, Via Caodevilla 38, 31040, Onigo di Pederobba (TV), Italy;
| | - Valeria Dissette
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (V.D.); (E.D.)
| | - Alessandro Bonetto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic and Statistics, University Ca’ Foscari Venice, Vegapark, Via delle Industrie 21/8, 30175 Marghera, Venice, Italy; (A.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Elisa Durini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (V.D.); (E.D.)
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (V.D.); (E.D.)
- Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (P.Z.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (S.V.); Tel.: +39-0532-455294 (S.M. and S.V.)
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatic and Statistics, University Ca’ Foscari Venice, Vegapark, Via delle Industrie 21/8, 30175 Marghera, Venice, Italy; (A.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Elisa Casagrande
- DMSN—Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155/b, 30172 Venice, Mestre, Italy
| | - Andrea Brunetta
- Kalis S.r.l, Via Caodevilla 38, 31040, Onigo di Pederobba (TV), Italy;
| | - Paola Ziosi
- Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (P.Z.); (S.M.)
| | - Sonia Molesini
- Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (P.Z.); (S.M.)
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.G.); (F.N.)
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.G.); (F.N.)
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (V.D.); (E.D.)
- Ambrosialab Srl, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (P.Z.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (S.V.); Tel.: +39-0532-455294 (S.M. and S.V.)
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (V.D.); (E.D.)
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Antioxidant and antifungal activities of marrubiin, extracts and essential oil from Marrubium vulgare L. against pathogenic dermatophyte strains. J Mycol Med 2020; 30:100927. [PMID: 31983544 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medicinal plants extracts and plant-derived compounds are one of the natural sources for discovering new antifungal agents, the objectives of this work were to investigate for the first time the antidermatophytic, antipathogenic activities of methanol, acetone extracts, and essential oil of Marrubium vulgare L. grown in Tunisia and its active compound marrubiin on pathogenic for animals and humans, such as some dermatophytes and pathogenic for plants, and to evaluate antioxidant activities of different extracts with consideration to their chemical compositions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Acetone and methanol extracts were evaluated by HPLC, the essential oil was also analyzed by GC/MS. PCL assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity. RESULTS Results showed that methanol and acetone extracts exhibited a significant antioxidant activity (261.41 and 272.90μmol TE/g respectively), while the lowest one was observed in the case of marrubiin and essential oil. The antifungal activity of different extracts, marrubiin and essential oil at two concentrations (20 and 100μg/mL) were screened against the dermatophytes fungi Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Arthroderma cajetani, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton tonsurans, Epidermophyton floccosum and against two fungi strains (Botrytis cinerea, Pythium ultimum). Among tested extracts, marrubiin at 100μg/mL showed about 50% inhibition for T. mentagrophytes and E. floccosum. The anti-phytopathogenic activity was also carried out, only marrubiin had in activity against B. cinerea at the highest dose (32.40%), while methanol extract of M.vulgare and marrubiin are able to increase the mycelial growth of P. ultimum at the highest concentration (45.15 and 40.30% respectively). CONCLUSION In our study, we conclude that M.vulgare and marrubiin can be used as natural antioxidants and antifungal agent for treatment of skin dermatophyte infections.
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Synthesis and Characterization of New Multifunctional Self-Boosted Filters for UV Protection: ZnO Complex with Dihydroxyphenyl Benzimidazole Carboxylic Acid. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244546. [PMID: 31842340 PMCID: PMC6943673 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of skin cancer is increasing both because of climate change and the increase in pollution than people’s incorrect habits of sun exposure. In these regards, sunscreen and photoprotection are essential tools in consenting the benefits induced by safe solar light exposition and skin cancer prevention. In this work, a new class of sunscreen filter was synthesized by chemical combination of a physical filter (ZnO) and Oxisol (dihydroxyphenyl benzimidazole carboxylic acid), an antioxidant molecule with booster effect. In this work, a new class of filters with new properties was achieved by direct functionalization of particles surface. A full characterization of this multifunctional ingredient (ZnO–Ox) was conducted: Compared with the simple mixture, the new filter acts as a multifunctional molecule showing a higher Sun Protection Factor (SPF), a better cytotoxic profile (MTT and NRU assay), and anti-acne activity. A strong reduction of photocatalytic activity of ZnO was observed, also improving the safety profile.
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Effect of Anthocyanin-Rich Tart Cherry Extract on Inflammatory Mediators and Adipokines Involved in Type 2 Diabetes in a High Fat Diet Induced Obesity Mouse Model. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11091966. [PMID: 31438590 PMCID: PMC6769902 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Male C57BL/6J mice were used to determine the possible therapeutic effects of our previously described tart cherry extract in a chronic obesity mouse model on metabolic parameters, glucose tolerance, inflammatory mediators, and antioxidant capacity. The control group received standard mouse chow, and the high fat control group was switched to a high fat diet and tap water supplemented with 5% sucrose. The high fat + anthocyanin group received the high fat and sucrose diet, but received the anthocyanin-rich tart cherry extract dissolved in their drinking water. After six weeks, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed, and the water-soluble antioxidant capacity (ACW), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and the plasma levels of insulin, C-peptide, leptin, IL-6, MCP-1, adiponectin and resistin were measured. The high fat diet increased body weight, reduced glucose tolerance, and caused an elevation in leptin, IL-6, MCP-1, and resistin levels. Furthermore, antioxidant capacity was decreased with a significant elevation of SOD activity. Anthocyanin treatment failed to reverse the effects of the high fat diet on body weight and glucose tolerance, but significantly reduced the leptin and IL-6 levels. The tart cherry extract also made a significant enhancement in antioxidant capacity and SOD activity. Our results show that chronic anthocyanin intake has a potential to enhance redox status and alleviate inflammation associated with obesity.
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Karamać M, Gai F, Longato E, Meineri G, Janiak MA, Amarowicz R, Peiretti PG. Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Amaranth ( Amaranthus caudatus) during Plant Growth. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E173. [PMID: 31212778 PMCID: PMC6617258 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of the aerial part of Amaranthus caudatus at seven stages of development were investigated. Total phenolic content, ABTS•+, DPPH•, and O2•- scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and Fe2+ chelating ability were evaluated. The phenolic profile was characterized by 17 compounds. Rutin was predominant in all growth stages, although its content, similar to the quantity of other phenolics, changed during the growth cycle. Flavonols were most abundant in the plants of early flowering and grain fill stages. In contrast, the highest content of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives was found in the early vegetative stage. The results of antioxidant assays also showed significant differences among plant stages. Generally, the lowest antioxidant activity was found in the shooting and budding stages. Significantly higher activity was observed in amaranths in earlier (vegetative) and later (early flowering and grain fill) stages, suggesting that plants in these stages are valuable sources of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Karamać
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Francesco Gai
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Erica Longato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Meineri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Michał A Janiak
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Pier Giorgio Peiretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
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Novel Lipidized Derivatives of the Bioflavonoid Hesperidin: Dermatological, Cosmetic and Chemopreventive Applications. COSMETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics5040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin is one of the most important natural flavonoids, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anti-hypertensive properties. Despite its various biological activities, hesperidin is rarely used in the dermo-cosmetic field because of its poor solubility in both water and oil phases that makes difficult formulation, distribution and bioavailability through the skin layers. Moreover, hesperidin is still underestimated in skin care products, and literature data on its stability into a topical formulation are not yet available. In this paper we report the synthesis of five different derivatives of hesperidin and their evaluation in terms of antioxidant, antifungal, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects on human leukemic K562 cells. Preliminary antiproliferative effects were considered since hyper-proliferation is involved in several cutaneous problems particularly in the case of photo-exposition and environmental pollution. Esp4 and Esp5 were found to be more active in inhibiting K562 cell growth than parent hesperidin. Esp3 exhibited different biological properties, i.e., antioxidant activity in the absence of antiproliferative effects.
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Delosière M, Thomas A, Terlouw C, Durand D. Plasma indicators of bovine health: Impacts of diet supplementations and pre-slaughter stress. Data Brief 2018; 21:2496-2503. [PMID: 30761329 PMCID: PMC6288407 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This data article reports the values of indicators of bovine health determined in the plasma of Normand cull-cows at different times of the about 100 days lasting finishing period and at slaughter. The data constitute a large dataset based on the quantification of metabolites and the evaluation of enzymes activities allowing the determination of antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress level, energy and lipid metabolisms, activity of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal axis and the hepatic status in cull-cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Denis Durand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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Wronkowska M, Juśkiewicz J, Zduńczyk Z, Warechowski J, Soral-Śmietana M, Jadacka M. Effect of high added-value components of acid whey on the nutritional and physiological indices of rats. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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da Silva JC, Muniz FWMG, Oballe HJR, Andrades M, Rösing CK, Cavagni J. The effect of periodontal therapy on oxidative stress biomarkers: A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:1222-1237. [PMID: 30076616 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To systematically review the literature about the effect of periodontal treatment on oxidative stress (OxS) biomarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) were searched up to February 2018. Clinical trials with a follow-up of at least 6 weeks after mechanical periodontal treatment were included. Due to the high heterogeneity among the units and indices of measurements used in the studies, a meta-analysis was not performed. RESULTS Overall, 3,199 studies were retrieved, of which 20 were included. Four studies were randomized clinical trials (RCT), and 16 studies were non-RCTs. The most common OxS biomarkers used were 8-hydroxydeoxiguanosine (8-OHdG), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS). After treatment, most of the studies reported a decrease in 8-OHdG concentration in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva. In addition, the salivary concentration of this biomarker was similar to periodontally healthy patients. Periodontal therapy was effective in reducing TOS in GCF, saliva, and serum in most studies. TAS, however, responded inconsistently to the periodontal intervention. CONCLUSION Periodontal therapy reduces the levels of OxS biomarkers, even to values similar to those found in periodontally healthy individuals. Additional RCTs are warranted, as the information is mainly based on nonrandomized studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael Andrades
- Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano Cavagni
- Department of Periodontology, Federal University Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts as Multifunctional Ingredients for "Natural and Organic" Sunscreens and Photoprotective Preparations. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030664. [PMID: 29543741 PMCID: PMC6017530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera has gained increasing popularity as a food supplement but not in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic area. The aim of this study was the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of extracts from the leaves of Moringa oleifera as a herbal sun care phytocomplex. Three different extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves, from Senegal, have been prepared and chemically characterized in the phenolic fraction by HPLC-DAD and Folin-Ciocalteu test. To explore photoprotective properties, an extensive evaluation of UV filtering, antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, ORAC, PCL), and anti-hyperproliferative (human melanoma Colo38 cells) capacities have been conducted. Furthermore, a formulation study regarding cosmetic prototypes has been carried out in order to determine the Sun Protection Factor (SPF), which was assessed in vitro. The extracts were demonstrated to confer significant values of protection, with an SPF 2, that corresponds to a 50% protection against UV-B rays, at concentrations as low as 2% to 4%. Finally, the evaluation on potential irritation of the finished formulations was conducted by Patch Test and no significant irritant potential was observed. These evidence enlarged the already significant number of activities and potential uses of this plant, which is well-known for its importance in the medicinal and nutritional fields.
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Köse MD, Tekin BN, Bayraktar O, Duman ET, Başpınar Y. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Cistus Ladanifer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2017. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.376834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Opyd PM, Jurgoński A, Juśkiewicz J, Milala J, Zduńczyk Z, Król B. Nutritional and Health-Related Effects of a Diet Containing Apple Seed Meal in Rats: The Case of Amygdalin. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101091. [PMID: 28974035 PMCID: PMC5691708 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple pomace includes seeds that are rich in protein, fiber, and oil, which can be extracted from them. However, they can also contain a significant amount of toxigenic amygdalin. We hypothesized that amygdalin is a compound that significantly reduces the nutritional and health quality of defatted apple seeds. An experiment was conducted on rats that were distributed into three groups and fed with high-fructose diets. In the control (C) and amygdalin (AMG) groups, cellulose and casein were the source of dietary fiber and protein, respectively; in the apple seed meal (ASM) group, dietary fiber and protein originated from the endosperm of apple seeds, which were previously defatted and ground. A diet fed to the ASM group also contained 0.24% of amygdalin from the meal, whereas the AMG diet was supplemented with the same amount of synthetic amygdalin. After 14 days of experimental feeding, the body weight of rats was decreased in the ASM group. When compared to the C group, apparent protein digestibility and nitrogen retention were increased in the AMG group, while both were decreased in the ASM group. In the small intestine, mucosal maltase activity was decreased in the AMG and ASM groups, whereas lactase activity was only decreased by dietary amygdalin. The caecal SCFA pool and butyrate concentration were significantly increased in the ASM group compared to the other groups. Moreover, the ASM diet increased plasma concentration of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and plasma antioxidant capacity of water-soluble substances (ACW). It also decreased the liver content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). In contrast, dietary amygdalin did not affect these indices. Dietary supplementation with apple seed meal can exert beneficial effects on the intestinal tract, blood lipid profile and antioxidant status of rats. In most cases, these effects are not limited by the presence of amygdalin. However, the nutritional value of protein from apple seed meal is relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina M Opyd
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Adam Jurgoński
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Joanna Milala
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Łódź University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10 Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Zenon Zduńczyk
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Bogusław Król
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Łódź University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10 Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
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Odeh A, Allaf AW. Determination of polyphenol component fractions and integral antioxidant capacity of Syrian aniseed and fennel seed extracts using GC–MS, HPLC analysis, and photochemiluminescence assay. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bino A, Baldisserotto A, Scalambra E, Dissette V, Vedaldi DE, Salvador A, Durini E, Manfredini S, Vertuani S. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel hydroxy-phenyl-1H-benzimidazoles as radical scavengers and UV-protective agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:527-537. [PMID: 28114824 PMCID: PMC6010047 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1265523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An ever-increasing incidence of skin neoplastic diseases is registered. Therefore, it is important to protect the skin from the UV radiation that reaches the epidermis and dermis but also to block ROS generated by them. Our attention was attracted in developing new compounds provided with both UV filtering and antioxidant capacities. To this end, 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA), a known UV filter, was selected as lead compound for its lack of antioxidant activity, high water solubility and good safety profile. PBSA was sequentially modified introducing hydroxyls on the phenyl ring and also substituting the functional group in position 5 of the benzimidazole ring. At the end of the synthetic study, a new, very potent class of antioxidants has been obtained. Surprisingly some of the developed molecules, while devoid of significant UV-filtering activity was endowed with potent UV-filtering booster capability if associated with known commercial UVB and UVA filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Bino
- a Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Health Products , University of Ferrara, Master Course in Cosmetic Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Health Products , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- a Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Health Products , University of Ferrara, Master Course in Cosmetic Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Health Products , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Emanuela Scalambra
- a Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Health Products , University of Ferrara, Master Course in Cosmetic Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Health Products , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Valeria Dissette
- a Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Health Products , University of Ferrara, Master Course in Cosmetic Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Health Products , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Daniela Ester Vedaldi
- b Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - Alessia Salvador
- b Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - Elisa Durini
- a Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Health Products , University of Ferrara, Master Course in Cosmetic Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Health Products , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- a Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Health Products , University of Ferrara, Master Course in Cosmetic Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Health Products , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- a Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Health Products , University of Ferrara, Master Course in Cosmetic Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Health Products , Ferrara , Italy
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Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Brandy and Other Aged Beverages by Electrochemical and Photochemiluminescence Methods. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Karamać M, Kosińska-Cagnazzo A, Kulczyk A. Use of Different Proteases to Obtain Flaxseed Protein Hydrolysates with Antioxidant Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071027. [PMID: 27367678 PMCID: PMC4964403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of flaxseed protein hydrolysates obtained using five different enzymes was evaluated. Proteins were isolated from flaxseed cake and were separately treated with papain, trypsin, pancreatin, Alcalase and Flavourzyme. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) was determined as the percentage of cleaved peptide bonds using a spectrophotometric method with o-phthaldialdehyde. The distribution of the molecular weights (MW) of the hydrolysis products was profiled using Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Tricine-SDS-PAGE) and size exclusion-high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) separations. The antioxidant activities of the protein isolate and hydrolysates were probed for their radical scavenging activity using 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical cation (ABTS(•+)) and photochemiluminescence (PCL-ACL) assays, and for their ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and ability to bind Fe(2+). The hydrolysates were more effective as antioxidants than the protein isolate in all systems. The PCL-ACL values of the hydrolysates ranged from 7.2 to 35.7 μmol Trolox/g. Both the FRAP and ABTS(•+) scavenging activity differed among the hydrolysates to a lower extent, with the ranges of 0.20-0.24 mmol Fe(2+)/g and 0.17-0.22 mmol Trolox/g, respectively. The highest chelating activity (71.5%) was noted for the pancreatin hydrolysate. In general, the hydrolysates obtained using Alcalase and pancreatin had the highest antioxidant activity, even though their DH (15.4% and 29.3%, respectively) and the MW profiles of the peptides varied substantially. The O₂(•-) scavenging activity and the ability to chelate Fe(2+) of the Flavourzyme hydrolysate were lower than those of the Alcalase and pancreatin hydrolysates. Papain was the least effective in releasing the peptides with antioxidant activity. The study showed that the type of enzyme used for flaxseed protein hydrolysis determines the antioxidant activity of the hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Karamać
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kosińska-Cagnazzo
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
- Institute of Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Route du Rawyl 47, 1950 Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Anna Kulczyk
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Homoki JR, Nemes A, Fazekas E, Gyémánt G, Balogh P, Gál F, Al-Asri J, Mortier J, Wolber G, Babinszky L, Remenyik J. Anthocyanin composition, antioxidant efficiency, and α-amylase inhibitor activity of different Hungarian sour cherry varieties (Prunus cerasus L.). Food Chem 2016; 194:222-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Przygodzka M, Zieliński H. Characterization of the quality of novel rye-buckwheat ginger cakes by chemical markers and antioxidant capacity. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2015-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe total phenolics and flavonoids, rutin, early, advanced and finalMaillard reaction products, and antioxidative capacity determined against 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical cation and superoxide anion radicals were used for the characterization of the quality of novel rye-buckwheat ginger cakes enriched with rutin (quercetin rutinoside). The cakes were prepared substituting 30 % of rye flour by light buckwheat flour or flour from roasted buckwheat dehulled grains and employing a dough fermentation-like incubation step. Enrichment of ginger cakes with rutin showed protective effect on lysine blockage, improved antioxidant properties, inhibited the formation of furosine and free fluorescent compounds thus stimulating the Maillard reaction progress towards melanoidin formation. The loss of the nutritional quality of cakes enriched with rutin was related to the formation of fluorescent compounds linked to protein and carboxymethyllysine at an advanced stage of the Maillard reaction. It can be concluded that free fluorescence intermediatory compounds, carboxymethyllysine and browning are the best chemical markers for the characterization of the quality of this novel type of ginger cakes. This study also indicates that rye-buckwheat ginger cakes enriched with rutin can be recommended for wider consumption since daily consumption of 250 g of these cakes may have a prophylactic or therapeutic effect corresponding to typical pharmacological drugs with rutin as the active component.
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Klungsupya P, Suthepakul N, Muangman T, Rerk-Am U, Thongdon-A J. Determination of Free Radical Scavenging, Antioxidative DNA Damage Activities and Phytochemical Components of Active Fractions from Lansium domesticum Corr. Fruit. Nutrients 2015; 7:6852-73. [PMID: 26287238 PMCID: PMC4555151 DOI: 10.3390/nu7085312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lansium domesticum Corr. or “long-kong” is one of the most popular fruits in Thailand. Its peel (skin, SK) and seeds (SD) become waste unless recycled or applied for use. This study was undertaken to determine the bioactivity and phytochemical components of L. domesticum (LD) skin and seed extracts. Following various extraction and fractionation procedures, 12 fractions were obtained. All fractions were tested for antioxidant capacity against O2−• and OH•. It was found that the peel of L. domesticum fruits exhibited higher O2−• and OH• scavenging activity than seeds. High potential antioxidant activity was found in two fractions of 50% ethanol extract of peel followed by ethyl acetate (EA) fractionation (LDSK50-EA) and its aqueous phase (LDSK50-H2O). Therefore, these two active fractions were selected for further studies on their antioxidative activity against DNA damage by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human TK6 cells using comet assay. The comet results revealed DNA-protective activity of both LDSK50-EA and LDSK50-H2O fractions when TK6 human lymphoblast cells were pre-treated at 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL for 24 h prior to H2O2 exposure. The phytochemical analysis illustrated the presence of phenolic substances, mainly scopoletin, rutin, and chlorogenic acid, in these two active fractions. This study generates new information on the biological activity of L. domesticum. It will promote and strengthen the utilization of L. domesticum by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapaipat Klungsupya
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), 35 Mu 3 Techno Polis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; E-Mails: (T.M.); (U.R.-A.); (J.T.-A.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +66-25779109; Fax: +66-25779110
| | - Nava Suthepakul
- The Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO), Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; E-Mail:
| | - Thanchanok Muangman
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), 35 Mu 3 Techno Polis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; E-Mails: (T.M.); (U.R.-A.); (J.T.-A.)
| | - Ubon Rerk-Am
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), 35 Mu 3 Techno Polis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; E-Mails: (T.M.); (U.R.-A.); (J.T.-A.)
| | - Jeerayu Thongdon-A
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), 35 Mu 3 Techno Polis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; E-Mails: (T.M.); (U.R.-A.); (J.T.-A.)
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Upadhyay R, Mishra HN. Classification of Sunflower Oil Blends Stabilized by Oleoresin Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Using Multivariate Kinetic Approach. J Food Sci 2015; 80:E1746-54. [PMID: 26148221 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The sunflower oil-oleoresin rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) blends (SORB) at 9 different concentrations (200 to 2000 mg/kg), sunflower oil-tertiary butyl hydroquinone (SOTBHQ ) at 200 mg/kg and control (without preservatives) (SO control ) were oxidized using Rancimat (temperature: 100 to 130 °C; airflow rate: 20 L/h). The oxidative stability of blends was expressed using induction period (IP), oil stability index and photochemiluminescence assay. The linear regression models were generated by plotting ln IP with temperature to estimate the shelf life at 20 °C (SL20 ; R(2) > 0.90). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to classify the oil blends depending upon the oxidative stability and kinetic parameters. The Arrhenius equation adequately described the temperature-dependent kinetics (R(2) > 0.90, P < 0.05) and kinetic parameters viz. activation energies, activation enthalpies, and entropies were calculated in the range of 92.07 to 100.50 kJ/mol, 88.85 to 97.28 kJ/mol, -33.33 to -1.13 J/mol K, respectively. Using PCA, a satisfactory discrimination was noted among SORB, SOTBHQ , and SOcontrol samples. HCA classified the oil blends into 3 different clusters (I, II, and III) where SORB1200 and SORB1500 were grouped together in close proximity with SOTBHQ indicating the comparable oxidative stability. The SL20 was estimated to be 3790, 6974, and 4179 h for SO control, SOTBHQ, and SORB1500, respectively. The multivariate kinetic approach effectively screened SORB1500 as the best blend conferring the highest oxidative stability to sunflower oil. This approach can be adopted for quick and reliable estimation of the oxidative stability of oil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Upadhyay
- Agricultural & Food Engineering Dept, Indian Inst. of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Hari Niwas Mishra
- Agricultural & Food Engineering Dept, Indian Inst. of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
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Jaroslawska J, Wroblewska M, Juskiewicz J, Brzuzan L, Zdunczyk Z. Protective effects of polyphenol-rich blackcurrant preparation on biochemical and metabolic biomarkers of rats fed a diet high in fructose. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:136-45. [PMID: 25939288 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to compare in vivo effects of dietary supplementation with blackcurrant pomaces containing variable level of phenolic compounds on blood and internal organ parameters in rats. Forty-eight growing Wistar rats were allocated to six treatment groups in which they were fed ad libitum for 4 weeks the following diets: standard chow (group S), high-fructose diet (group F), standard chow supplemented with 7.7% of either rich in polyphenols unprocessed blackcurrant pomace (UB) or polyphenol-deprived processed pomace (PB) (groups SUB and SPB respectively), and high-fructose diet with 7.7% of either UB or PB (groups FUB and FPB respectively). Blackcurrant pomace, irrespective of its phenolic content, selectively modulated the enzymatic activity of the colon microflora, reducing the activity of enzymes with potentially harmful properties and promoting activities of enzymes that might increase the use of carbohydrates that escaped digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Although both pomaces increased antioxidant status of the liver and blood serum, the unprocessed pomace showed a greater ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in heart and kidney than the pomace that was less abundant in polyphenols. Both of the examined pomaces had a positive influence on serum lipid profile, but better hypocholesterolemic effect was observed after supplementation of the diet with unprocessed preparation. The biochemical action of unprocessed pomace in the normalization of fructose-induced disturbances was more distinct than those of pomace remaining after extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jaroslawska
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M Wroblewska
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Juskiewicz
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - L Brzuzan
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Z Zdunczyk
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Machu L, Misurcova L, Ambrozova JV, Orsavova J, Mlcek J, Sochor J, Jurikova T. Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in algal food products. Molecules 2015; 20:1118-33. [PMID: 25587787 PMCID: PMC6272319 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20011118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study objective was to investigate total phenolic content using Folin-Ciocalteu's method, to assess nine phenols by HPLC, to determine antioxidant capacity of the water soluble compounds (ACW) by a photochemiluminescence method, and to calculate the correlation coefficients in commercial algal food products from brown (Laminaria japonica, Eisenia bicyclis, Hizikia fusiformis, Undaria pinnatifida) and red (Porphyra tenera, Palmaria palmata) seaweed, green freshwater algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa), and cyanobacteria (Spirulina platensis). HPLC analysis showed that the most abundant phenolic compound was epicatechin. From spectrophotometry and ACW determination it was evident that brown seaweed Eisenia bicyclis was the sample with the highest phenolic and ACW values (193 mg·g-1 GAE; 7.53 µmol AA·g-1, respectively). A linear relationship existed between ACW and phenolic contents (r = 0.99). Some algal products seem to be promising functional foods rich in polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Machu
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nam. T. G. Masaryka 5555, Zlin CZ-760 01, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislava Misurcova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nam. T. G. Masaryka 5555, Zlin CZ-760 01, Czech Republic.
| | - Jarmila Vavra Ambrozova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nam. T. G. Masaryka 5555, Zlin CZ-760 01, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Orsavova
- Language Centre, Faculty of Humanities, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Mostní 5139, Zlin CZ-760 01, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Mlcek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nam. T. G. Masaryka 5555, Zlin CZ-760 01, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Sochor
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 337, Lednice CZ-691 44, Czech Republic.
| | - Tunde Jurikova
- Department of Natural and Informatics Sciences, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Drazovska 4, Nitra SK-949 74, Slovakia.
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Design, synthesis and biological activity of a novel Rutin analogue with improved lipid soluble properties. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:264-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Multivariate Analysis for Kinetic Modeling of Oxidative Stability and Shelf Life Estimation of Sunflower Oil Blended with Sage (Salvia officinalis) Extract Under Rancimat Conditions. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-014-1446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Liu S, Saul N, Pan B, Menzel R, Steinberg CEW. The non-target organism Caenorhabditis elegans withstands the impact of sulfamethoxazole. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:2373-2380. [PMID: 24034891 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The widespread usage of antibiotics in agriculture leads to releases into the environment, but there is insufficient knowledge of the side-effects on non-target organisms. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the sulfonamide-antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on Caenorhabditis elegans at phenotypic, biochemical and molecular biological levels. Multiple endpoints, including life history traits, thermal stress resistance and lipid peroxidation, as well as gene expression profiles, were determined after exposure of the nematodes to SMX. In contrast to expectations, SMX prolonged the lifespan and increased both the body size and pharynx pumping rate. On the other hand, SMX delayed reproductive timing and caused lipid peroxidation. The total number of offspring and thermal stress resistance were unaffected. The up-regulation of hsp-16.1 indicated stress in general and the increased lipid peroxidation oxidative stress in particular. This oxidative stress indicated that mitohormesis was the likely cause of the longevity and that enhanced pumping frequency was probably the reason for the increased growth. The sole adverse effect was delayed initial reproduction. This delay, however, can be crucial for r-strategists, such as the bacterivorous model animal used, in sustaining their populations in the environment in the presence of predators. Bacterivorous animals, in turn, are essential to maintaining nutrient recycling via the microbial loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Liu
- Department of Biology, Freshwater and Stress Ecology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Späthstr. 80/81, 12437 Berlin, Germany.
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Popov IN, Lewin G. Antioxidative system of the organism and thermo-initiated chemiluminescence method for quantitative evaluation of its state. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350913050138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Characterisation of Aronia powders obtained by different drying processes. Food Chem 2013; 141:2858-63. [PMID: 23871034 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, food industry is facing challenges connected with the preservation of the highest possible quality of fruit products obtained after processing. Attention has been drawn to Aronia fruits due to numerous health promoting properties of their products. However, processing of Aronia, like other berries, leads to difficulties that stem from the preparation process, as well as changes in the composition of bioactive compounds. Consequently, in this study, Aronia commercial juice was subjected to different drying techniques: spray drying, freeze drying and vacuum drying with the temperature range of 40-80 °C. All powders obtained had a high content of total polyphenols. Powders gained by spray drying had the highest values which corresponded to a high content of total flavonoids, total monomeric anthocyanins, cyaniding-3-glucoside and total proanthocyanidins. Analysis of the results exhibited a correlation between selected bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, drying techniques have an impact on selected quality parameters, and different drying techniques cause changes in the content of bioactives analysed. Spray drying can be recommended for preservation of bioactives in Aronia products. Powder quality depends mainly on the process applied and parameters chosen. Therefore, Aronia powders production should be adapted to the requirements and design of the final product.
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Chai R, Qiu C, Liu D, Qi Y, Gao Y, Shen J, Qiu L. β-Glucan synthase gene overexpression and β-glucans overproduction in Pleurotus ostreatus using promoter swapping. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61693. [PMID: 23637884 PMCID: PMC3634845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushroom β-glucans are potent immunological stimulators in medicine, but their productivities are very low. In this study, we successfully improved its production by promoter engineering in Pleurotus ostreatus. The promoter for β-1,3-glucan synthase gene (GLS) was replaced by the promoter of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene of Aspergillus nidulans. The homologous recombination fragment for swapping GLS promoter comprised five segments, which were fused by two rounds of combined touchdown PCR and overlap extension PCR (TD-OE PCR), and was introduced into P. ostreatus through PEG/CaCl2-mediated protoplast transformation. The transformants exhibited one to three fold higher transcription of GLS gene and produced 32% to 131% higher yield of β-glucans than the wild type. The polysaccharide yields had a significant positive correlation to the GLS gene expression. The infrared spectra of the polysaccharides all displayed the typical absorption peaks of β-glucans. This is the first report of successful swapping of promoters in filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chai
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiwei Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongren Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuancheng Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwen Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyou Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Baldisserotto A, Malisardi G, Scalambra E, Andreotti E, Romagnoli C, Vicentini CB, Manfredini S, Vertuani S. Synthesis, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of a new phloridzin derivative for dermo-cosmetic applications. Molecules 2012; 17:13275-89. [PMID: 23135632 PMCID: PMC6268407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171113275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenolic compound phloridzin (phloretin 2′-O-glucoside, variously named phlorizin, phlorrhizin, phlorhizin or phlorizoside) is a prominent member of the chemical class of dihydrochalcones, which are phenylpropanoids. Phloridzin is specifically found in apple and apple juice and known for its biological properties. In particular we were attracted by potential dermo-cosmetic applications. Here we report the synthesis, stability studies and antimicrobial activity of compound F2, a new semi-synthetic derivative of phloridzin. The new derivative was also included in finished formulations to evaluate its stability with a view to a potential topical use. Stability studies were performed by HPLC; PCL assay and ORAC tests were used to determine the antioxidant activity. F2 presented an antioxidant activity very close to that of the parent phloridzin, but, unlike the latter, was more stable in formulations. To further explore potential health claims, antifungal activity of phloridzin and its derivative F2 were determined; the results, however, were rather low; the highest value was 31,6% of inhibition reached by F2 on Microsporum canis at the highest dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (G.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Gemma Malisardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (G.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Emanuela Scalambra
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (G.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Elisa Andreotti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, viale Caduti in Guerra 127, 41121 Modena, Italy; (E.A.); (C.R.)
| | - Carlo Romagnoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, viale Caduti in Guerra 127, 41121 Modena, Italy; (E.A.); (C.R.)
| | - Chiara Beatrice Vicentini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (G.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (G.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.V.); (S.M.)
- Ambrosialab, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (G.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.V.); (S.M.)
- Ambrosialab, Via Mortara 171, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; mv9@unife; Tel.: +39-0532-455294; Fax: +39-0532-455378
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Nekvapil T, Kopriva V, Boudny V, Hostovsky M, Dvorak P, Malota L. Decrease in the antioxidant capacity in beverages containing tea extracts during storage. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:361698. [PMID: 22997491 PMCID: PMC3444831 DOI: 10.1100/2012/361698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine antioxidant capacity of beverages containing black, white, and green tea extracts using the photochemiluminescence method, and to monitor its changes based on the storage temperature and time. Samples were stored at two different temperatures (refrigerated at 4°C and laboratory temperature 22°C), analyzed after opening of the original package, and consequently after 4 and 7 days. Results of the antioxidant capacity are expressed as the standard equivalents, that is, ascorbic acid in mmol/L. The highest mean value of the antioxidant capacity was found after opening of the original package in fruit-juice-enriched samples and totaled 9.793 mmol/L. This group revealed significant dependence (P < 0.05) not only on the storage time, but also temperature. In samples without added fruit juices containing preservatives the value was 0.428 mmol/L. This group showed significant dependence (P < 0.05) on the decrease of antioxidant capacity only when based on the storage time. Samples without fruit juices or preservatives showed significant decrease in the antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05) after 4 days of storage based on the storage time. The dependence on temperature was revealed only after 7 days of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Nekvapil
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1-3, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Blanch M, Alvarez I, Sanchez-Ballesta MT, Escribano MI, Merodio C. Increasing catechin and procyanindin accumulation in high-CO2-treated Fragaria vesca strawberries. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:7489-7496. [PMID: 22783976 DOI: 10.1021/jf301547t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with the impact of low temperature and high CO2 levels on flavonols, proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins, synthesized via branched pathways from common precursors, in strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.). Flavonoids were identified with Q-TOF equipment and quantified by HPLC-quadrupole. Proanthocyanins B1 and B3 accumulated in CO2-treated strawberries, whereas in untreated (air) fruit, flavonoid production was redirected toward anthocyanin accumulation with a sharp decrease in catechin and procyanidin B3 levels. Moreover, in CO2-treated fruit, mainly in those with 20% CO2, anthocyanin accumulation did not decline. Due to its antifungal activity, catechin induction in CO2-treated strawberries could explain the capacity of high CO2 treatments to reduce fungal decay. Ascorbic acid content increased in 40% CO2-treated fruits, whereas in those treated with 20% CO2 an increase in flavonol content was observed. Despite these differences, similar antioxidant capacities were found in untreated and CO2-treated Mara de Bois strawberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Blanch
- Department of Characterization, Quality and Security and ‡Unit Service of Analytical Techniques, Instrumentation and Microbiology (USTA), Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC) , Jose Antonio Novais 10, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Pandey MM, Vijayakumar M, Rastogi S, Rawat AKS. Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Properties of Selected Indian Spices of Apiaceae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2012.680548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sobotka W, Flis M, Antoszkiewicz Z, Lipiński K, Zduńczyk Z. Effect of oat by-product antioxidants and vitamin E on the oxidative stability of pork from pigs fed diets supplemented with linseed oil. Arch Anim Nutr 2012; 66:27-38. [PMID: 22397094 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2011.647459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to compare the antioxidative potential of an oat by-product with the effect of vitamin E on the oxidative stability of pork from pigs fed a diet enriched with linseed oil. Thirty-four crossbreed barrows were fed individually from 39 to 109 kg body weight (BW) on one of four diets: a control diet based on barley-triticale-soybean (Diet C), a diet containing an oat byproduct (Diet O), and the same diets supplemented with vitamin E (100 mg/kg diet) (Diets CE and OE, respectively). The oat by-product, comprising oat hulls and bran, was included at 10 and 20% in the grower and finisher diets, respectively. To Diets O and OE, refined rapeseed oil was added to equalise their energy content to Diets C and CE. Compared to Diets C and CE, the inclusion of the oat by-product in Diets O and OE increased the antioxidative capacity of water-soluble and lipid soluble compounds in these diets. Dietary treatment did not influence growth performance, slaughter value, longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle quality measured by nutrient contents, pH, drip loss or colour. Vitamin E supplementation increased the alpha-tocopherol concentration in serum and meat (p < 0.01), and decreased the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the fresh and stored LD (p < 0.01). In addition, diets with the oat by-product increased serum alpha-tocopherol concentration (p < 0.01) and decreased the TBARS levels in the fresh and stored LD (p < 0.05), without increasing muscle alpha-tocopherol concentration. The obtained results indicate that the phenolic compounds present in oat by-products have a considerable antioxidant potential and a beneficial effect on the pig organism and oxidative stability of meat. However, dietary inclusion with the oat by-product was not as efficient as supplementation with vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesław Sobotka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Hofmann S, Timofeyev MA, Putschew A, Saul N, Menzel R, Steinberg CEW. Leaf litter leachates have the potential to increase lifespan, body size, and offspring numbers in a clone of Moina macrocopa. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 86:883-890. [PMID: 22115468 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Leaf litter processing is one major pathway of the global organic carbon cycle. During this process, a variety of small reactive organic compounds are released and transported to the aquatic environment, and may directly impact aquatic organisms as natural xenobiotics. We hypothesize that different forest stockings produce different leachate qualities, which in turn, stress the aquatic communities and, eventually, separate sensitive from tolerant species. Particularly, leachates from coniferous trees are suspected to have strongly adverse impacts on sensitive species. We exposed individuals of a clone of the model organism, Moina macrocopa, to comparable concentrations (approximately 2mM) of litter leachates of Norway spruce, Picea abies, Colorado blue spruce, Picea pungens, black poplar, Populus nigra, and sessile oak, Quercus petraea. The animals were fed ad libitum. The following life trait variables were recorded: growth, lifespan, and lifetime offspring. To identify, whether or not exposure to litter leachates provokes an internal oxidative stress in the exposed animals we measured the superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity via photoluminescence. Except of P. abies, exposure to the leachates reduced this antioxidant capacity by approximately 50%. Leachate exposures, except that of Quercus, increased body size and extended lifespan; furthermore, particularly the leachates of both Picea species significantly increased the offspring numbers. This unexpected behavior of exposed Moina may be based on food supplements (e.g., high carbohydrate contents) in the leachates or on yet to be identified regulatory pathways of energy allocation. Overall, our results suggest that the potentially adverse effects of litter leachates can be overruled by either bacterial-growth supporting fractions in the leachates or an internal compensation mechanism in the Moina individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylva Hofmann
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Freshwater and Stress Ecology, Arboretum, 12437 Berlin, Germany
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