1
|
Vo MTH, Thonglor R, Moncatar TJR, Han TDT, Tejativaddhana P, Nakamura K. Fear of falling and associated factors among older adults in Southeast Asia: a systematic review. Public Health 2023; 222:215-228. [PMID: 36229238 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview of the prevalence, measurement scales, related factors and interventions for fear of falling (FOF) among older adults in Southeast Asia. STUDY DESIGN This was a systematic review. METHODS Published research studies on FOF among older adults were searched using the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ASEAN Citation Index, Thai Journal Citation Index, Malaysian Journal Citation Report and Google Scholar. All observational and experimental studies investigating FOF among community-dwelling older adults in Southeast Asia were eligible. A narrative synthesis was used to describe the findings. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist was used to assess the quality and risk of bias of the included studies. RESULTS A total of 15 observational studies and three experimental studies were included after screening 2112 titles and abstracts. These studies, published between 2011 and 2021, were conducted in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. The FOF prevalence ranged from 21.6% to 88.2%. The most commonly used FOF assessment tool was the Falls Efficacy Scale-International. Well-reported related factors of FOF were female sex, advanced age, balance impairment and fall history. All experimental studies utilising single- or multi-component interventions comprised an exercise approach. Limited studies have considered environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS Various related factors of FOF and the interventions implemented were revealed. Public health researchers and policymakers should consider the factors related to FOF in practical FOF intervention and prevention strategies. Further evidence on FOF issues is required to understand the multidimensional characteristics of FOF, specifically the environmental aspects of older adults in Southeast Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T H Vo
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - R Thonglor
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - T J R Moncatar
- College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - T D T Han
- Faculty of Public Health, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue 530000, Viet Nam
| | - P Tejativaddhana
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - K Nakamura
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Cities and Urban Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The prevalence of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2021; 120:103973. [PMID: 34102372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compassion fatigue is a consequence of chronic work-related stress exposure among healthcare providers. Nursing is a high-risk, stressful profession which increases nurses' vulnerability to compassion fatigue symptoms compared to other healthcare workers. Compassion fatigue has serious consequences for nursing staff, patients and healthcare organizations. Though several studies on the prevalence of compassion fatigue among nurses have been published, the reported data vary considerably across studies; and few meta-analysis have examined the prevalence of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among nurses with large sample sizes. OBJECTIVES To systematically assess the prevalence of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among nurses, and to evaluate the effect of different geographical regions, years and departments on the prevalence of compassion fatigue. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis DATA SOURCES: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsyclNFO, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Weipu Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) were searched in the systematic review. The time frame for the searches included all literature before January 31st, 2020. REVIEW METHODS The reviewers independently completed study selection, quality assessments, data extraction and analysis of all included literature. The mean scores and standard deviations of the three subscales of the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale were pooled using random effects meta-analysis in Stata 16.0 software package. Finally, subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the sources of between-study heterogeneity. RESULTS A total of 79 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, consisting of 28,509 nurses worldwide from 11 countries. In our studies, the pooled mean scores of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress were 33.12 (95% CI: 32.22-34.03), 26.64 (95% CI: 26.01-27.27) and 25.24 (95% CI: 24.69-25.79), respectively. In addition, the Asian region had the lowest levels of compassion satisfaction but the highest levels of compassion fatigue symptoms, while the Americas and Europe had the lowest levels of compassion fatigue but highest compassion satisfaction. Levels of compassionate fatigue in nurses increased gradually from 2010 to 2019, reaching the highest level in 2019; and nurses from ICU had the highest levels of compassion fatigue symptoms among all nurses. CONCLUSION The levels of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among nurses are moderate. Nurses from the Asian region and in ICUs suffer from severe compassion fatigue symptoms, and the prevalence of compassion fatigue has increased over time. These findings may provide hospital administrators with the theoretical basis for the management and treatment of compassion fatigue. REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO [CRD42020164327].
Collapse
|
3
|
Frias L, Hasegawa H, Chua TH, Sipangkui S, Stark DJ, Salgado-Lynn M, Goossens B, Keuk K, Okamoto M, MacIntosh AJJ. Parasite community structure in sympatric Bornean primates. Int J Parasitol 2021; 51:925-933. [PMID: 33862059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parasites are important components of ecosystems, influencing trophic networks, competitive interactions and biodiversity patterns. Nonetheless, we are not nearly close to disentangling their complex roles in natural systems. Southeast Asia falls within global areas targeted as most likely to source parasites with zoonotic potential, where high rates of land conversion and fragmentation have altered the circulation of wildlife species and their parasites, potentially resulting in altered host-parasite systems. Although the overall biodiversity in the region predicts equally high, or even higher, parasite diversity, we know surprisingly little about wild primate parasites, even though this constitutes the first step towards a more comprehensive understanding of parasite transmission processes. Here, we characterise the gastrointestinal helminth parasite assemblages of a community of Bornean primates living along the Kinabatangan floodplain in Sabah (Malaysian Borneo), including two species endemic to the island. Through parasitological analyses, and by using several measures of parasite infection as proxies for parasite diversity and distribution, we show that (i) most parasite taxonomic groups are not limited to a single host, suggesting a greater flexibility for habitat disturbance, (ii) parasite infracommunities of nocturnal primates differ from their diurnal counterparts, reflecting both phylogenetic and ecological constraints, and (iii) soil-transmitted helminths such as whipworm, threadworm and nodule worm are widespread across the primate community. This study also provides new parasite records for southern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina), silvered langurs (Trachypithecus cristatus) and Western tarsiers (Cephalopachus bancanus) in the wild, while adding to the limited records for the other primate species in the community. Given the information gap regarding primate-parasite associations in the region, the information presented here should prove relevant for future studies of parasite biodiversity and infectious disease ecology in Asia and elsewhere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Frias
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan; Danau Girang Field Centre, Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Hideo Hasegawa
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Tock H Chua
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | | | - Danica J Stark
- Danau Girang Field Centre, Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Sabah, Malaysia; Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Milena Salgado-Lynn
- Danau Girang Field Centre, Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Sabah, Malaysia; Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Wildlife Health, Genetic and Forensic Laboratory, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; Sustainable Places Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Benoit Goossens
- Danau Girang Field Centre, Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Sabah, Malaysia; Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Sustainable Places Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kenneth Keuk
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | | | - Andrew J J MacIntosh
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan; Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Woo T, Ho R, Tang A, Tam W. Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 123:9-20. [PMID: 32007680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
WHO recently declared burnout as a "occupational phenomenon" in the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11), recognizing burnout as a serious health issue. Amongst healthcare workers, nurses are known to struggle with burnout symptoms the most, carrying serious consequences for patients, other healthcare professionals and healthcare organisations. Evidence has suggested that burnout symptoms in nurses is high across specialties and countries, but no meta-analysis have been performed to investigate burnout symptoms prevalence in nurses globally. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine burnout symptoms prevalence in nurses worldwide using 8 academic research databases. Risk of bias, heterogeneity and subgroup analyses were further conducted in the meta-analysis. 113 studies were included for systematic review and 61 studies for the meta-analysis, consisting 45,539 nurses worldwide in 49 countries across multiple specialties. An overall pooled-prevalence of burnout symptoms among global nurses was 11.23%. Significant differences were noted between geographical regions, specialties and type of burnout measurement used. Sub-Saharan African region had the highest burnout symptoms prevalence rate while Europe and Central Asia region had the lowest. Paediatric nurses had the highest burnout symptoms prevalence rates among all specialties while Geriatric care nurses had the lowest. This study is the first study to synthesize published studies and to estimate pooled-prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses globally. The findings suggest that nurses have high burnout symptoms prevalence warranting attention and implementation. This study serves as an impetus for intervention studies and policy change to improve nurses' work conditions and overall healthcare quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Woo
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Biomedical Global Institute of Healthcare Research & Technology (BIGHEART), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Viet Nam
| | - Arthur Tang
- Department of Software, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wilson Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Center of Excellence in Evidence-based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Amrith M. The Substance of Care: Ethical Dilemmas in Migrant Medical Labour. ETHNOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00141844.2018.1542410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Amrith
- Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Parker AL, Parker DM, Zan BN, Min AM, Gilder ME, Ringringulu M, Win E, Wiladphaingern J, Charunwatthana P, Nosten F, Lee SJ, McGready R. Trends and birth outcomes in adolescent refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border, 1986-2016: an observational study. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:62. [PMID: 30027124 PMCID: PMC6039938 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14613.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently there are more adolescents (10-19 years old) and young adults (20-24 years old) than ever. Reproductive health among this age group is often overlooked, although it can have a profound impact on the future. This is especially the case in conflict zones and refugee settings, where there is a heightened need for reproductive health care, and where both the resources and possibility for data collation are usually limited. Methods: Here we report on pregnancies, birth outcomes and risk factors for repeat pregnancies among adolescent and young adult refugees and migrants from antenatal clinics on the Thailand-Myanmar border across a 30 year time span. Results: Pregnancy and fertility rates were persistently high. Compared with 20-24-year-olds, 15-19-year-olds who reported being unable to read had 2.35 (CI: 1.97 – 2.81) times the odds for repeat pregnancy (gravidity >2). In primigravidae, the proportion of small for gestational age (SGA) and preterm births (PTB), and neonatal deaths (NND) decreased with increasing maternal age (all p <0.001). After adjustment, this association retained significance for PTB (cut-off point, ≤18 years) but not for SGA and NND. Conclusions: There is considerable room for improvement in adolescent pregnancy rates in these border populations, and educational opportunities may play a key role in effective interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Parker
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand.,Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Daniel M Parker
- Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - Aung Myat Min
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand
| | - Mary Ellen Gilder
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand
| | - Maxime Ringringulu
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand
| | - Elsi Win
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand
| | - Jacher Wiladphaingern
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand
| | - Prakaykaew Charunwatthana
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - François Nosten
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Sue J Lee
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Rose McGready
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Un, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ruchiwit M. Mental Health and Mental Disorder Recommendation Programs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [PMID: 29527147 PMCID: PMC5872373 DOI: 10.2174/1573400513666170720150430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The characteristic differences among the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) countries in terms of trade and investment, society and cultural values, medical information and technology, and the living and working environ-ment have become major health problems in terms of mental disorders. The purpose of this article is to identify the gaps in those aspects, to propose mental health and mental disorder recommendation programs, and to recommend policies for policy makers and research investors. Methods: A comparative analysis and literature review of existing policy, including overviews of previous research were used to generate a synthesis of the existing knowledge of the mental health and mental disorder recommendation programs. Results: The review results recommend mental health and mental disorder programs for policy makers, research investors, and stakeholders in order to strengthen the directions for implementing these programs in the future. Conclusion: The healthcare provision in each country will not be limited only to its citizens; the healthcare markets and tar-get groups are likely to expand to the neighboring countries in the context of changes in domestic and international factors, which have both positive and negative impacts according to the political, economic, and social situations of the influencing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manyat Ruchiwit
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nget M, Muijeen K. A Review of the Relationships among the Key Determinants Affecting the Mental Health Disorders of the People in Greater Mekong Subregion Countries. CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REVIEWS 2017; 13:252-258. [PMID: 29527146 PMCID: PMC5830688 DOI: 10.2174/1573400513666170720143417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ASEAN integration aims to transform the GMS into a single market with free flows of products, services, and skilled labor, as well as investment openness, which will ultimately force regional economic growth. Therefore, this integration is likely to bring about a big change to this area in the new era; it can subsequently cause many problems as well, including mental health issues of the people in this region. The characteristic differences among the GMS member countries in terms of trade and investment, so-cial and cultural values, medical information and technology, and the living and working environment have become major problems affecting mental health disorders, which are usually identified as depression, stress, and substance abuse. METHODS This review paper is a literature review of the relationship of the determinants affecting GMS mental disorders conducted using the following strategies: 1) collecting data from previous qualitative and quantitative research studies, com-paratively analyzing the literature, articles, published papers, and reports relevant to the existing policies on economic, environmental, and healthcare issues obtained from the GMS; and 2) exchanging information from the institutions involved, including reports and papers regarding the determinants affecting mental health disorders of the people in the GMS, which were used to generate the synthesis of the existing knowledge of the mental health and to provide recommenda-tion programs for the GMS people. RESULTS Based on the reviewed literature there are four key factors affecting mental health, especially mental health in GMS populations: 1) the living and work environments; 2) trade and investment; 3) technology and medical information; and 4) social and cultural values. The study found that the increasing number of mental health dis-orders is a big burden for national healthcare spending. Financial issues have become a major key to the wide prevalence of mental disorders in the GMS. Health issues related to mental health disorders are also caused by the environment and other related factors and therefore a stable and a well-balanced environment is an indicator of healthy mental status. In addition, the environment is a way to pursue both physical and mental health because green spaces serve as a mood freshener and can al-leviate anxiety, stress, and depression. CONCLUSION Globalization and urbanization should follow sustainable development instructions and concerns about the population's health, especially regarding mental health. These key determinants affect the people's life, especially in terms of mental health thus leading to mental health disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manndy Nget
- Address correspondence to this author at the Unit of Nursing Education and Quality Control, Cambodian Council of Nurses, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Tel: +85512906007; E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duangthip D, Gao SS, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Early childhood caries among 5- to 6-year-old children in Southeast Asia. Int Dent J 2016; 67:98-106. [PMID: 27753083 PMCID: PMC5396273 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hermansyah A, Sainsbury E, Krass I. Community pharmacy and emerging public health initiatives in developing Southeast Asian countries: a systematic review. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2016; 24:e11-e22. [PMID: 26427905 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of health and healthcare systems in South-East Asia has influenced the practice of community pharmacy. Over the years, community pharmacy in the region has striven to expand services beyond dispensing to encompass more involvement in public health issues. Searches were conducted in Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PubMed for articles published between January 2000 and December 2014, with 21 studies in five countries meeting the inclusion criteria. The findings showed increasing interest in research into the delivery of pharmacy services and public health initiatives. Overall, the review found that provision of some health services in pharmacies was common; however, most public health initiatives appeared to be poorly implemented, had limited evidence and were not demonstrated to be sustainable across the sector. This indicates that the practice of community pharmacy in the region has not significantly changed over the past 14 years with respect to the scope and quality of pharmacy services provided, and fundamental policy changes are necessary to improve this situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andi Hermansyah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Erica Sainsbury
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ines Krass
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer Ryan
- China Medical Board Foundation Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gursky EA, Burkle FM, Hamon DW, Walker P, Benjamin GC. The changing face of crises and aid in the Asia-Pacific. Biosecur Bioterror 2015; 12:310-7. [PMID: 25268048 DOI: 10.1089/bsp.2014.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Both US foreign policy and global attention attest to the strategic, economic, and political importance of Asia. Yet, the region faces urgent challenges that must be addressed if it is to remain stable and prosperous. The densely populated countries of the Asia-Pacific are beleaguered by poverty, population displacement, decreasing access to potable water and adequate sanitation, and high rates of disease morbidity and mortality. New and reemerging diseases known to have originated in Asia over the past decades have spread globally by international trade, tourism, worker migration, and agricultural exportation. Unremitting naturally occurring and man-made disasters have strained Southeast Asia's already fragile disaster and public health response infrastructures and the essential services they provide (eg, surveillance, vaccination, maternal and child health, and mental health programs). Following disasters, governments often contract with the broader humanitarian community (eg, indigenous and international NGOs) and seek the assistance of militaries to provide essential services. Yet, their roles and capabilities in addressing acute and chronic health issues in the wake of complex disasters remain unclear. Current mechanisms of nation-state and outside organization interaction, including dissimilar operational platforms, may limit true partnership on behalf of the health security mission. Additionally, concerns regarding skill sets and the lack of standards-based training raise questions about the balance between developing internal response capabilities and professionalizing external, deployable resources. Both the mega-disasters that are forecast for the region and the global health security threats that are expected to emanate from them require an increased focus on improving the Asia-Pacific's emergency preparedness and response posture.
Collapse
|
13
|
Water-borne diseases and extreme weather events in Cambodia: review of impacts and implications of climate change. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 12:191-213. [PMID: 25546280 PMCID: PMC4306857 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cambodia is prone to extreme weather events, especially floods, droughts and typhoons. Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of such events. The Cambodian population is highly vulnerable to the impacts of these events due to poverty; malnutrition; agricultural dependence; settlements in flood-prone areas, and public health, governance and technological limitations. Yet little is known about the health impacts of extreme weather events in Cambodia. Given the extremely low adaptive capacity of the population, this is a crucial knowledge gap. A literature review of the health impacts of floods, droughts and typhoons in Cambodia was conducted, with regional and global information reviewed where Cambodia-specific literature was lacking. Water-borne diseases are of particular concern in Cambodia, in the face of extreme weather events and climate change, due to, inter alia, a high pre-existing burden of diseases such as diarrhoeal illness and a lack of improved sanitation infrastructure in rural areas. A time-series analysis under quasi-Poisson distribution was used to evaluate the association between floods and diarrhoeal disease incidence in Cambodian children between 2001 and 2012 in 16 Cambodian provinces. Floods were significantly associated with increased diarrhoeal disease in two provinces, while the analysis conducted suggested a possible protective effect from toilets and piped water. Addressing the specific, local pre-existing vulnerabilities is vital to promoting population health resilience and strengthening adaptive capacity to extreme weather events and climate change in Cambodia.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ngan R, Wang E, Porter D, Desai J, Prayogo N, Devi B, Quek R. Soft-tissue Sarcomas in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Systematic Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:6821-32. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
15
|
|
16
|
Chan MF. The Impact of Health Care Resources, Socioeconomic Status, and Demographics on Life Expectancy. Asia Pac J Public Health 2013; 27:NP972-83. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539513475650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the impact of health care resources, socioeconomic status, and demographic changes on life expectancy in Indonesia, Philippines, and Vietnam. This was a cross-country study to collect annual data (1980-2008) from each target country. Life expectancy was the dependent variable and health care resources, socioeconomic status, and demographics were the 3 main determinants. Structural equation modeling was employed, and the results indicate that the availability of more health care resources (Indonesia: coefficient = .47, P = .008; Philippines: coefficient = .48, P = .017; Vietnam: coefficient = .48, P = .004) and higher levels of socioeconomic advantages (Indonesia: coefficient = .41, P = .014; Vietnam: coefficient = .34, P = .026) are more likely to increase life expectancy. In contrast, demographic changes are more likely to increase life expectancy because of the wide range of health care resources. These findings suggest that more effort, particularly during economic downturns, should be put into removing the barriers that impede access to health care services and increasing preventive care for the population that currently has less access to health care in communities where there is a shortage of medical resources.
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Torti
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Power Shifts in Global Health Diplomacy and New Models of Development: South–South Cooperation. GLOBAL HEALTH DIPLOMACY 2013. [PMCID: PMC7122211 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5401-4_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
South–South cooperation represents an alternative ideal to the model of rich northern countries providing aid to the poor countries of the southern hemisphere. It offers the prospect of mutual advantages for developing and emerging countries as well as a stronger voice in global diplomacy on social and economic issues. This chapter sets out to provide a balanced view of opportunities and challenges of South–South cooperation, outlining pertinent questions that emerge from this new dynamic of global governance. In the following sections, we briefly outline the history of South–South cooperation and describe its main mechanism and its application to health. We then discuss the paradigm shift from the former bipolar system during the Cold War to today’s global multipolar system. We demonstrate how the consolidation of multipolarity is particularly reflected in the (re)formation of regional blocks, notably in terms of their spheres of coordination and their engagement in different South–South cooperation mechanisms. The African Union (AU), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR in its official Spanish acronym) serve as key examples to illustrate both the current state of South–South cooperation and emerging challenges that need to be addressed if South–South cooperation is to be effective and viable in the long term.
Collapse
|
19
|
In Response. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012. [PMCID: PMC3516093 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0309b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
20
|
Chan MF, Taylor BJ. Impact of Demographic Change, Socioeconomics, and Health Care Resources on Life Expectancy in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar. Public Health Nurs 2012; 30:183-92. [DOI: 10.1111/phn.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Beverly Joan Taylor
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences; School of Nursing and Midwifery; Monash University; Clayton; Victoria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bhoo-Pathy N, Hartman M, Yip CH, Saxena N, Taib NA, Lim SE, Iau P, Adami HO, Bulgiba AM, Lee SC, Verkooijen HM. Ethnic differences in survival after breast cancer in South East Asia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30995. [PMID: 22363531 PMCID: PMC3283591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The burden of breast cancer in Asia is escalating. We evaluated the impact of ethnicity on survival after breast cancer in the multi-ethnic region of South East Asia. Methodology/Principal Findings Using the Singapore-Malaysia hospital-based breast cancer registry, we analyzed the association between ethnicity and mortality following breast cancer in 5,264 patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2007 (Chinese: 71.6%, Malay: 18.4%, Indian: 10.0%). We compared survival rates between ethnic groups and calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) to estimate the independent effect of ethnicity on survival. Malays (n = 968) presented at a significantly younger age, with larger tumors, and at later stages than the Chinese and Indians. Malays were also more likely to have axillary lymph node metastasis at similar tumor sizes and to have hormone receptor negative and poorly differentiated tumors. Five year overall survival was highest in the Chinese women (75.8%; 95%CI: 74.4%–77.3%) followed by Indians (68.0%; 95%CI: 63.8%–72.2%), and Malays (58.5%; 95%CI: 55.2%–61.7%). Compared to the Chinese, Malay ethnicity was associated with significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.19–1.51), independent of age, stage, tumor characteristics and treatment. Indian ethnicity was not significantly associated with risk of mortality after breast cancer compared to the Chinese (HR: 1.14; 95%CI: 0.98–1.34). Conclusion In South East Asia, Malay ethnicity is independently associated with poorer survival after breast cancer. Research into underlying reasons, potentially including variations in tumor biology, psychosocial factors, treatment responsiveness and lifestyle after diagnosis, is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Dermatology Block, National Clinical Research Centre, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Har Yip
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nakul Saxena
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nur Aishah Taib
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Eng Lim
- Department of Hematology Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip Iau
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Awang M. Bulgiba
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo-Chin Lee
- Department of Hematology Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helena M. Verkooijen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Imaging Division, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|