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Bandholtz S, Erdmann S, von Hacht JL, Exner S, Krause G, Kleinau G, Grötzinger C. Urolinin: The First Linear Peptidic Urotensin-II Receptor Agonist. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10100-10112. [PMID: 27791374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of individual U-II amino acid positions and side chain characteristics important for U-IIR activation. A complete permutation library of 209 U-II variants was studied in an activity screen that contained single substitution variants of each position with one of the other 19 proteinogenic amino acids. Receptor activation was measured using a cell-based high-throughput fluorescence calcium mobilization assay. We generated the first complete U-II substitution map for U-II receptor activation, resulting in a detailed view into the structural features required for receptor activation, accompanied by complementary information from receptor modeling and ligand docking studies. On the basis of the systematic SAR study of U-II, we created 33 further short and linear U-II variants from eight to three amino acids in length, including d- and other non-natural amino acids. We identified the first high-potency linear U-II analogues. Urolinin, a linear U-II agonist (nWWK-Tyr(3-NO2)-Abu), shows low nanomolar potency as well as improved metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bandholtz
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Erdmann
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Lennart von Hacht
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Samantha Exner
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Krause
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie , 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
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Vaudry H, Leprince J, Chatenet D, Fournier A, Lambert DG, Le Mével JC, Ohlstein EH, Schwertani A, Tostivint H, Vaudry D. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCII. Urotensin II, urotensin II-related peptide, and their receptor: from structure to function. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:214-58. [PMID: 25535277 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a cyclic neuropeptide that was first isolated from the urophysis of teleost fish on the basis of its ability to contract the hindgut. Subsequently, UII was characterized in tetrapods including humans. Phylogenetic studies and synteny analysis indicate that UII and its paralogous peptide urotensin II-related peptide (URP) belong to the somatostatin/cortistatin superfamily. In mammals, the UII and URP genes are primarily expressed in cholinergic neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. UII and URP mRNAs are also present in various organs notably in the cardiovascular, renal, and endocrine systems. UII and URP activate a common G protein-coupled receptor, called UT, that exhibits relatively high sequence identity with somatostatin, opioid, and galanin receptors. The UT gene is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and in peripheral tissues including the retina, heart, vascular bed, lung, kidney, adrenal medulla, and skeletal muscle. Structure-activity relationship studies and NMR conformational analysis have led to the rational design of a number of peptidic and nonpeptidic UT agonists and antagonists. Consistent with the wide distribution of UT, UII has now been shown to exert a large array of biologic activities, in particular in the CNS, the cardiovascular system, and the kidney. Here, we review the current knowledge concerning the pleiotropic actions of UII and discusses the possible use of antagonists for future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Vaudry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David Chatenet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Alain Fournier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David G Lambert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Jean-Claude Le Mével
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Eliot H Ohlstein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Hervé Tostivint
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David Vaudry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
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Carotenuto A, Auriemma L, Merlino F, Yousif AM, Marasco D, Limatola A, Campiglia P, Gomez-Monterrey I, Santicioli P, Meini S, Maggi CA, Novellino E, Grieco P. Lead Optimization of P5U and Urantide: Discovery of Novel Potent Ligands at the Urotensin-II Receptor. J Med Chem 2014; 57:5965-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500218x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigia Auriemma
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ali Munaim Yousif
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
- CIRPEB:
Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi , University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging-CNR, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Limatola
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno Italy
| | | | - Paolo Santicioli
- Department
of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismondo 12/A, I-50131, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Meini
- Department
of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismondo 12/A, I-50131, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Maggi
- Department
of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismondo 12/A, I-50131, Florence, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
- CIRPEB:
Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi , University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging-CNR, 80134, Naples, Italy
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Federico A, Zappavigna S, Romano M, Grieco P, Luce A, Marra M, Gravina AG, Stiuso P, D'Armiento FP, Vitale G, Tuccillo C, Novellino E, Loguercio C, Caraglia M. Urotensin-II receptor is over-expressed in colon cancer cell lines and in colon carcinoma in humans. Eur J Clin Invest 2014; 44:285-94. [PMID: 24372535 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urotensin (U)-II receptor (UTR) has been previously reported to be over-expressed in a number of tumours. Whether UTR-related pathway plays a role in colon carcinogenesis is unknown. METHODS We evaluated UTR protein and mRNA expression in human epithelial colon cancer cell lines and in normal colon tissue, adenomatous polyps and colon cancer. U-II protein expression was assessed in cancer cell lines. Moreover, we evaluated the effects of U-II(4-11) (an UTR agonist), antagonists and knockdown of UTR protein expression through a specific shRNA, on proliferation, invasion and motility of human colon cancer cells. RESULTS Cancer cell lines expressed U-II protein and UTR protein and mRNA. By immunohistochemistry, UTR was expressed in 5-30% of epithelial cells in 45 normal controls, in 30-48% in 21 adenomatous polyps and in 65-90% in 48 colon adenocarcinomas. UTR mRNA expression was increased by threefold in adenomatous polyps and eightfold in colon cancer, compared with normal colon. U-II(4-11) induced a 20-40% increase in cell growth while the blockade of the receptor with specific antagonists caused growth inhibition of 20-40%. Moreover, the knock down of UTR with a shRNA or the inhibition of UTR with the antagonist urantide induced an approximately 50% inhibition of both motility and invasion. CONCLUSIONS UTR appears to be involved in the regulation of colon cancer cell invasion and motility. These data suggest that UTR-related pathway may play a role in colon carcinogenesis and that UTR may function as a target for therapeutic intervention in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Federico
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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5
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Brancaccio D, Limatola A, Campiglia P, Gomez-Monterrey I, Novellino E, Grieco P, Carotenuto A. Urantide Conformation and Interaction with the Urotensin-II Receptor. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 347:185-92. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Antonio Limatola
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | | | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
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New insight into the binding mode of peptides at urotensin-II receptor by Trp-constrained analogues of P5U and urantide. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:293-300. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Urotensin-II Ligands: An Overview from Peptide to Nonpeptide Structures. JOURNAL OF AMINO ACIDS 2013; 2013:979016. [PMID: 23533711 PMCID: PMC3596952 DOI: 10.1155/2013/979016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin-II was originally isolated from the goby urophysis in the 1960s as a vasoactive peptide with a prominent role in cardiovascular homeostasis. The identification of human isoform of urotensin-II and its specific UT receptor by Ames et al. in 1999 led to investigating the putative role of the interaction U-II/UT receptor in multiple pathophysiological effects in humans. Since urotensin-II is widely expressed in several peripheral tissues including cardiovascular system, the design and development of novel urotensin-II analogues can improve knowledge about structure-activity relationships (SAR). In particular, since the modulation of the U-II system offers a great potential for therapeutic strategies related to the treatment of several diseases, like cardiovascular diseases, the research of selective and potent ligands at UT receptor is more fascinating. In this paper, we review the developments of peptide and nonpeptide U-II structures so far developed in order to contribute also to a more rational and detectable design and synthesis of new molecules with high affinity at the UT receptor.
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Du AT, Onan D, Dinh DT, Lew MJ, Ziogas J, Aguilar MI, Pattenden LK, Thomas WG. Ligand-supported purification of the urotensin-II receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2010; 78:639-47. [PMID: 20647393 DOI: 10.1124/mol.110.065151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A crucial limitation for structural and biophysical analysis of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is the inherent challenge of purifying and stabilizing these receptors in an active (agonist-bound) conformation. Peptide ligands, such as the vasoactive, cyclic hormone urotensin-II (U-II), may provide new purification tools, via high affinity, pseudo-irreversible binding suitable for ligand-based affinity purification. We show that the U-II receptor (UT) is resistant to desensitization as a result of low phosphorylation and diminished endocytosis. UT also displays an unusual proclivity to remain active with vasoconstriction sustained despite extensive washout of the ligand. To exploit these properties for ligand-supported purification, we modified the U-II ligand by attaching a biotin moiety and spacer arm to the N terminus, creating a novel affinity ligand (Bio-U-II) to interface with streptavidin media. Bio-U-II bound to UT with pharmacological properties analogous to those of the unmodified U-II ligand (high-affinity, pseudo-irreversible binding). The prebinding of Bio-U-II to UT (before exposure to detergent) facilitated specific capture of UT by stabilizing the receptor structure during solubilization with detergent. Solubilization of UT with the most compatible detergent, n-dodecyl β-d-maltoside, was dependent on the critical micelle concentration, and Gα(q/11) protein was copurified with captured Bio-U-II-UT complexes. Furthermore, captured Bio-U-II-UT complexes were resistant to dissociation at elevated temperatures, suggesting that UT is relatively thermostable, making it an ideal candidate for future structural and biophysical studies. This work demonstrates the utility of pseudo-irreversible ligands to support the purification of a GPCR during detergent extraction, resulting in the first successful purification of the UT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann T Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Grieco P, Carotenuto A, Campiglia P, Gomez-Monterrey I, Auriemma L, Sala M, Marcozzi C, d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Brancaccio D, Rovero P, Santicioli P, Meini S, Maggi CA, Novellino E. New Insight into the Binding Mode of Peptide Ligands at Urotensin-II Receptor: Structure−Activity Relationships Study on P5U and Urantide. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3927-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900148c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Isabel Gomez-Monterrey
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Luigia Auriemma
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Marina Sala
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Cristina Marcozzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Roberta d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Paolo Rovero
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Paolo Santicioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Stefania Meini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Carlo A. Maggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
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10
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Pakala R. Role of urotensin II in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2008; 9:166-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2007] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Malagon MM, Molina M, Gahete MD, Duran-Prado M, Martinez-Fuentes AJ, Alcain FJ, Tonon MC, Leprince J, Vaudry H, Castaño JP, Vazquez-Martinez R. Urotensin II and urotensin II-related peptide activate somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 5. Peptides 2008; 29:711-20. [PMID: 18289730 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Revised: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The UII and urotensin II-related peptide (URP) genes belong to the same superfamily as the somatostatin gene. It has been previously shown that somatostatin activates the UII-receptor (UTR). In contrast, the possible interaction between UII and URP and somatostatin receptors has remained scarcely analyzed. Herein, we have investigated the effects of UII and URP on cell proliferation and free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in CHO-K1 cells stably expressing the porcine somatostatin receptor subtypes sst2 and sst5. Results show that both UII and URP induce stimulation of cell proliferation mediated by sst2 receptors and UII provokes inhibition of cell proliferation mediated by sst5 receptors. UII and URP also provoked an increase of [Ca2+]i in both sst2- and sst5-transfected cells. Together, our present data demonstrate that UII and URP directly activate sst2 and sst5 and thus mimic the effect of somatostatin on its cognate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Malagon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain.
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12
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Leprince J, Chatenet D, Dubessy C, Fournier A, Pfeiffer B, Scalbert E, Renard P, Pacaud P, Oulyadi H, Ségalas-Milazzo I, Guilhaudis L, Davoust D, Tonon MC, Vaudry H. Structure-activity relationships of urotensin II and URP. Peptides 2008; 29:658-73. [PMID: 17931747 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (U-II) and urotensin II-related peptide (URP) are the endogenous ligands for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14 now renamed UT. At the periphery, U-II and/or URP exert a wide range of biological effects on cardiovascular tissues, airway smooth muscles, kidney and endocrine glands, while central administration of U-II elicits various behavioral and cardiovascular responses. There is also evidence that U-II and/or URP may be involved in a number of pathological conditions including heart failure, atherosclerosis, renal dysfunction and diabetes. Because of the potential involvement of the urotensinergic system in various physiopathological processes, there is need for the rational design of potent and selective ligands for the UT receptor. Structure-activity relationship studies have shown that the minimal sequence required to retain full biological activity is the conserved U-II(4-11) domain, in particular the Cys5 and Cys10 residues involved in the disulfide bridge, and the Phe6, Lys8 and Tyr9 residues. Free alpha-amino group and C-terminal COOH group are not necessary for the biological activity, and modifications of these radicals may even increase the stability of the analogs. Punctual substitution of native amino acids, notably Phe6 and Trp7, by particular residues generates analogs with antagonistic properties. These studies, which provide crucial information regarding the structural and conformational requirements for ligand-receptor interactions, will be of considerable importance for the design of novel UT ligands with increased selectivity, potency and stability, that may eventually lead to the development of innovative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Leprince
- Inserm U413, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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13
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Marzola E, Camarda V, Batuwangala M, Lambert DG, Calo' G, Guerrini R, Trapella C, Regoli D, Tomatis R, Salvadori S. Structure-activity relationship study of position 4 in the urotensin-II receptor ligand U-II(4-11). Peptides 2008; 29:674-9. [PMID: 17822806 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2007] [Revised: 07/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of 24 analogues of the urotensin II (U-II) fragment U-II(4-11) substituted in position 4 with coded and non-coded aromatic amino acids. All of the new analogues behaved as full U-II receptor (UT) agonists. Our results indicated that aromaticity is well tolerated, size, length and chirality of the side chain are not important, while substituents with a nitrogen atom are preferred. Thus acylation of U-II(5-11) with small groups bearing nitrogen atoms could be instrumental in future studies for the identification of novel potent UT receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Marzola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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14
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de Lecea L, Bourgin P. Neuropeptide interactions and REM sleep: a role for Urotensin II? Peptides 2008; 29:845-51. [PMID: 18406008 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2007] [Revised: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a peptide with structural similarity to the somatostatin family with potent vasoconstrictor activity. UII receptor is expressed broadly in the periphery, and most notably in the heart and microvessels. In the brain, the UII receptor can be detected in the spinal cord and in cholinergic nuclei in the brainstem known to be involved in REM sleep regulation. Recent data suggest that, in addition to their vasoactive properties, UII receptor ligands may have excitatory activity on a selective group of neurons that modulate REM sleep. This review focuses on the implications of these findings for the neurobiology of REM sleep regulation and discusses the possible impact of UII and other neuropeptides on the balance of the alternation between sleep states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 701 B Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
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15
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16
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Prosser HCG, Leprince J, Vaudry H, Richards AM, Forster ME, Pemberton CJ. Cardiovascular effects of native and non-native urotensin II and urotensin II-related peptide on rat and salmon hearts. Peptides 2006; 27:3261-8. [PMID: 17097764 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Revised: 09/28/2006] [Accepted: 09/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) was first discovered in the urophyses of goby fish and later identified in mammals, while urotensin II-related peptide (URP) was recently isolated from rat brain. We studied the effects of UII on isolated heart preparations of Chinook salmon and Sprague-Dawley rats. Native rat UII caused potent and sustained, dose-dependent dilation of the coronary arteries in the rat, whereas non-native UII (human and trout UII) showed attenuated vasodilation. Rat URP dilated rat coronary arteries, with 10-fold less potency compared with rUII. In salmon, native trout UII caused sustained dilation of the coronary arteries, while rat UII and URP caused significant constriction. Nomega-nitro-(l)-arginine methyl (l-NAME) and indomethacin significantly attenuated the URP and rat UII-induced vasodilation in the rat heart. We conclude that UII is a coronary vasodilator, an action that is species form specific. We also provide the first evidence for cardiac actions of URP, possibly via mechanisms common with UII.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C G Prosser
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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17
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Song W, McDonald J, Camarda V, Calo G, Guerrini R, Marzola E, Thompson JP, Rowbotham DJ, Lambert DG. Cell and tissue responses of a range of Urotensin II analogs at cloned and native urotensin II receptors. Evidence for coupling promiscuity. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2006; 373:148-57. [PMID: 16596397 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-006-0057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (U-II) is the peptide ligand for the G-protein-coupled U-II receptor (UT). U-II has been dubbed "the most potent vasoconstrictor identified to date". However, in vivo studies with this system are hampered by the paucity of available ligands. Here, we characterise Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing the human UT receptor in the following assays; (1) [(125)I]U-II binding, (2) GTPgamma[(35)S] binding, (3) cAMP formation, and (4) intracellular Ca(2+). We assess activity of 9 U-II analogues using these paradigms and examine their ability to contract isolated rat aorta. CHO(hUT) cells bound [(125)I]U-II with a B (max) and K (d) of 1,110+/-70 fmol/mg protein and 742 pM, respectively. hU-II stimulated GTPgamma[(35)S] binding (pEC(50) 8.38), optimal at low (0.1 muM) GDP concentrations. The hU-II GTPgamma[(35)S] response was partially PTx sensitive and there was a potent (pEC(50) 9.23) low efficacy ( approximately 20% inhibition) coupling to adenylyl cyclase. In CHO(hUT) cells hU-II stimulates calcium release from intracellular stores (pEC(50) 8.80) and calcium influx in a PTx-insensitive manner. In our structure-activity relationship study most ligands acted as full agonists. However, urantide behaved as a partial agonist (pEC(50) 7.67/pK(B) 7.55) in GTPgamma[(35)S] binding, a full agonist (pEC(50) 8.11) for increases in intracellular Ca(2+) and a competitive antagonist in the rat aorta bioassay (pK(B) 8.59). Collectively, these data show promiscuity at high expression and indicate the need for careful multi-assay evaluation of novel U-II analogues. Further modification of urantide, in order to eliminate residual agonist activity and to identify novel ligands for in vivo cardiovascular studies are clearly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- University Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group), Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
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18
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Abstract
The discovery of novel biologically active peptides has led to an explosion in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Urotensin II (UII), a peptide originally isolated from fish and known for its strong cardiovascular effects in mammals, is another surprising candidate in the regulatory network of sleep. The UII receptor was found to be expressed by cholinergic neurons of laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei, an area known to be of utmost importance for the on- and offset of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Recently, physiological data have provided further evidence that UII is indeed a modulator of REM sleep. The peptide directly excites cholinergic mesopontine neurons and increases the rate of REM sleep episodes. These new results and its emerging behavioral effects establish UII as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in mammals and should spark further interest into the neurobiological role of the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Peter Nothacker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4625, USA.
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19
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Lehmann F, Currier EA, Olsson R, Hacksell U, Luthman K. Isochromanone-based urotensin-II receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:3057-68. [PMID: 15781415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2004] [Accepted: 01/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of analogues of the selective non-peptide urotensin II (UII) receptor agonist 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-isochroman-1-one (AC-7954, 1) was synthesized and evaluated for UII agonist activity using a functional cell-based assay. The introduction of a methyl group in the 4-position resulted in a complete loss of activity, whereas substituents in the aromatic rings were beneficial. Sterically demanding amino groups were also detrimental to the activity. Several potent agonists were identified, six compounds being equally or more potent than 1. The most potent compound in the series was the 6,7-dimethyl analogue of 1 (16, pEC50 6.87). The racemate of 16 was resolved into the pure enantiomers using preparative straight phase HPLC. It was shown that the potency resides in the (+)-enantiomer (pEC50 7.11). The synthesized compounds seem to be selective for the UII receptor as no activities were observed at the closely related SSTR3 and 5 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Lehmann
- Department of Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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20
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Abstract
Urotensin II (U-II) has been known for over 30 years as an important teleost fish hormone, but only recently has it been recognized as the endogenous ligand of a new human G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) homologous to the GPR14 orphan receptor from rat. Human U-II was found to be a potent vasoconstrictor, widely distributed in human tissues, possibly contributing to several human cardiovascular diseases. It thus has become a major target of medicinal chemistry research. The common structural feature of U-II peptides from different species is the C-terminal portion, characterized by the disulfide bridged cyclic hexapeptide Cys-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys. The few structure-activity relationship studies reported to date attributed a critical role to this portion, with the Trp-Lys-Tyr motif appearing as the key determinant of U-II bioactivity. Consequently, this shorter cyclic peptide was used as a template for the development of several synthetic analogues, among which a superagonist, termed P5U: H-Asp-cyclo(Pen-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys)-Val-OH. Conformational studies confirmed the important role of hU-II C-terminal cyclic portion, enabling the development of 3D pharmacophore models. These findings should lead to the design of new, potent and selective analogues, acting as agonist or antagonist at the human U-II receptor, finally contributing to a deeper comprehension of the (patho)physiological significance of this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
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21
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Yu Y, Jawa A, Pan W, Kastin AJ. Effects of peptides, with emphasis on feeding, pain, and behavior A 5-year (1999-2003) review of publications in Peptides. Peptides 2004; 25:2257-89. [PMID: 15572212 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2004] [Accepted: 09/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel effects of naturally occurring peptides are continuing to be discovered, and their mechanisms of actions as well as interactions with other substances, organs, and systems have been elucidated. Synthetic analogs may have actions similar or antagonistic to the endogenous peptides, and both the native peptides and analogs have potential as drugs or drug targets. The journal Peptides publishes many leading articles on the structure-activity relationship of peptides as well as outstanding reviews on some families of peptides. Complementary to the reviews, here we extract information from the original papers published during the past five years in Peptides (1999-2003) to summarize the effects of different classes of peptides, their modulation by other chemicals and various pathophysiological states, and the mechanisms by which the effects are exerted. Special attention is given to peptides related to feeding, pain, and other behaviors. By presenting in condensed form the effects of peptides which are essential for systems biology, we hope that this summary of existing knowledge will encourage additional novel research to be presented in Peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Yu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
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22
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Chatenet D, Dubessy C, Leprince J, Boularan C, Carlier L, Ségalas-Milazzo I, Guilhaudis L, Oulyadi H, Davoust D, Scalbert E, Pfeiffer B, Renard P, Tonon MC, Lihrmann I, Pacaud P, Vaudry H. Structure-activity relationships and structural conformation of a novel urotensin II-related peptide. Peptides 2004; 25:1819-30. [PMID: 15476952 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2004] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) has been described as the most potent vasoconstrictor peptide and recognized as the endogenous ligand of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR14. Recently, a UII-related peptide (URP) has been isolated from the rat brain and its sequence has been established as H-Ala-Cys-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys-Val-OH. In order to study the structure-function relationships of URP, we have synthesized a series of URP analogs and measured their binding affinity on hGPR14-transfected cells and their contractile activity in a rat aortic ring bioassay. Alanine substitution of each residue of URP significantly reduced the binding affinity and the contractile activity of the peptides, except for the Ala8-substituted analog that retained biological activity. Most importantly, D-scan of URP revealed that [D-Trp4]URP abrogated and [D-Tyr6]URP partially suppressed the UII-evoked contractile response. [Orn5]URP, which had very low agonistic efficacy, was the most potent antagonist in this series. The solution structure of URP has been determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics. URP exhibited a single conformation characterized by an inverse gamma-turn comprising residues Trp-Lys-Tyr which plays a crucial role in the biological activity of URP. These pharmacological and structural data should prove useful for the rational design of non-peptide ligands as potential GPR14 agonists and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chatenet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, European Institute for Peptide Research (IFRMP 23), INSERM U413, UA CNRS, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Douglas SA, Naselsky D, Ao Z, Disa J, Herold CL, Lynch F, Aiyar NV. Identification and pharmacological characterization of native, functional human urotensin-II receptors in rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 142:921-32. [PMID: 15210573 PMCID: PMC1575108 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1 In an effort to identify endogenous, native mammalian urotensin-II (U-II) receptors (UT), a diverse range of human, primate and rodent cell lines (49 in total) were screened for the presence of detectable [125I]hU-II binding sites. 2 UT mRNA (Northern blot, PCR) and protein (immunocytochemistry) were evident in human skeletal muscle tissue and cells. 3 [(125)I]hU-II bound to a homogenous population of high-affinity, saturable (Kd 67.0+/-11.8 pm, Bmax 9687+/-843 sites cell(-1)) receptors in the skeletal muscle (rhabdomyosarcoma) cell line SJRH30. Radiolabel was characteristically slow to dissociate (< or =15% dissociation 90 min). A lower density of high-affinity U-II binding sites was also evident in the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671 (1667+/-165 sites cell(-1), Kd 74+/-8 pm). 4 Consistent with the profile recorded in human recombinant UT-HEK293 cells, [125I]hU-II binding to SJRH30 cells was selectively displaced by both mammalian and fish U-II isopeptides (Kis 0.5+/-0.1-1.2+/-0.3 nm) and related analogues (hU-II[4-11]>[Cys(5,10)]Acm hU-II; Kis 0.4+/-0.1 and 864+/-193 nm, respectively). 5 U-II receptor activation was functionally coupled to phospholipase C-mediated [Ca2+]i mobilization (EC50 6.9+/-2.2 nm) in SJRH30 cells. 6 The present study is the first to identify the presence of 'endogenous' U-II receptors in SJRH30 and TE671 cells. SJRH30 cells, in particular, might prove to be of utility for (a) investigating the pharmacological properties of hU-II and related small molecule antagonists at native human UT and (b) delineating the role of this neuropeptide in the (patho)physiological regulation of mammalian neuromuscular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Douglas
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis, Cardiovascular and Urogenital Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA.
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Chapter 11. Urotensin-II receptor modulators. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(03)38012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Douglas SA, Dhanak D, Johns DG. Magnifying endoscopic observation of the gastric mucosa, particularly in patients with atrophic gastritis. Endoscopy 1978; 25:76-85. [PMID: 15102493 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2003.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gastric mucosal surface was observed using the magnifying fibergastroscope (FGS-ML), and the fine gastric mucosal patterns, which were even smaller than one unit of gastric area, were examined at a magnification of about 30. For simplicification, we classified these patterns by magnifying endoscopy in the following ways; FP, FIP, FSP, SP and MP, modifying Yoshii's classification under the dissecting microscope. The FIP, which was found to have round and long elliptical gastric pits, is a new addition to our endoscopic classification. The relationship between the FIP and the intermediate zone was evaluated by superficial and histological studies of surgical and biopsy specimens. The width of the band of FIP seems to be related to the severity of atrophic gastritis. Also, the transformation of FP to FIP was assessed by comparing specimens taken from the resected and residual parts of the stomach, respectively. Moreover, it appears that severe gastritis occurs in the gastric mucosa which shows a FIP. Therefore, we consider that the FIP indicates the position of the atrophic border.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Douglas
- Department of Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular and Urogenital Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 1539, 709 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia PA 19406-0939, USA.
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