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Ghorbani A, Chatanaka MK, Avery LM, Wang M, Brown J, Cohen R, Gorham T, Misaghian S, Padmanabhan N, Romero D, Stengelin M, Mathew A, Sigal G, Wohlstadter J, Horbinski C, McCortney K, Xu W, Zadeh G, Mansouri A, Yousef GM, Diamandis EP, Prassas I. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light, matrix metalloprotease 3 and fatty acid binding protein 4 as non-invasive brain tumor biomarkers. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:41. [PMID: 38879494 PMCID: PMC11179213 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are aggressive malignant tumors, with poor prognosis. There is an unmet need for the discovery of new, non-invasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis, prognosis, and management of brain tumors. Our objective is to validate four plasma biomarkers - glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NEFL), matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP3) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) - and compare them with established brain tumor molecular markers and survival. METHODS Our cohort consisted of patients with benign and malignant brain tumors (GBM = 77, Astrocytomas = 26, Oligodendrogliomas = 23, Secondary tumors = 35, Meningiomas = 70, Schwannomas = 15, Pituitary adenomas = 15, Normal individuals = 30). For measurements, we used ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence multiplexed immunoassays. RESULTS High plasma GFAP concentration was associated with GBM, low GFAP and high FABP4 were associated with meningiomas, and low GFAP and low FABP4 were associated with astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. NEFL was associated with progression of disease. Several prognostic genetic alterations were significantly associated with all plasma biomarker levels. We found no independent associations between plasma GFAP, NEFL, FABP4 and MMP3, and overall survival. The candidate biomarkers could not reliably discriminate GBM from primary or secondary CNS lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS GFAP, NEFL, FABP4 and MMP3 are useful for differential diagnosis and prognosis, and are associated with molecular changes in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Ghorbani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Miyo K Chatanaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisa M Avery
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Rachel Cohen
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Taron Gorham
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Anu Mathew
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | - George Sigal
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC., Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Craig Horbinski
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katy McCortney
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alireza Mansouri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Ioannis Prassas
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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Chen Y, Yu M, Chen L, Mao J, Wang W, Yang Z, Cao Z, Liu Y, Wei M, Zhang L, Li Z. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of first-in-class FABP1 inhibitors for the treatment of NASH. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116358. [PMID: 38574638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) is a fatty acid transporter protein that is considered as an emerging target for metabolic diseases. Despite forceful evidence that the inhibition of FABP1 is essential for ameliorating NASH, pharmacological control and validation of FABP1 are hindered by a lack of relevant inhibitors as pharmacological tool. Therefore, the development of effective FABP1 inhibitors is a current focus of research. Herein, we firstly reported the comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of novel FABP1 inhibitors derived from high throughput screening of our in-house library, which resulting in the identification of the optimal compound 44 (IC50 = 4.46 ± 0.54 μM). Molecular docking studies revealed that 44 forms stable hydrogen bonds with amino acids around the active pocket of FABP1. Moreover, 44 alleviated the typical histological features of fatty liver in NASH mice, including steatosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning and fibrosis. Additionally, 44 has been demonstrated to have lipid metabolism regulating, anti-oxidative stress and hepatoprotective properties. This study might be provided a promising insight into the field of NASH and inspiration for the development of FABP1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mingyang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lianru Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jianming Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhongcheng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Min Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Dashti NK, Perret R, Balzer B, Naous R, Michal M, Dermawan JK, Antonescu CR. Vascular Neoplasms With NFATC1/C2 Gene Alterations : Expanding the Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics of a Distinct Entity. Am J Surg Pathol 2024; 48:487-496. [PMID: 38189436 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000002175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in their molecular pathogenesis, skeletal vascular tumors remain diagnostically challenging due to their aggressive radiologic appearance and significant morphologic overlap. Within the epithelioid category and at the benign end of the spectrum, recurrent FOS/FOSB fusions have defined most epithelioid hemangiomas, distinguishing them from epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and angiosarcoma. More recently, the presence of EWSR1/FUS :: NFATC1/2 fusions emerged as the genetic hallmark of a novel group of unusual vascular proliferations, often displaying epithelioid morphology, with alternating vasoformative and solid growth, variable atypia, reminiscent of composite hemangioendothelioma. In this study, we further our understanding and morphologic spectrum of NFATC -fusion positive vascular neoplasms by describing 9 new cases, including soft tissue locations and novel fusion partners. Combining with the initial cohort of 5 cases, a total of 14 patients were analyzed, showing slight female predilection and an age range of 10 to 66 (mean 42 y). Twelve patients had solitary lesions, while 2 had multifocal polyostotic (pelvic bones) disease. Overall, 12 lesions were intra-osseous and 2 in soft tissue. By targeted RNA Fusion panels or FISH, there were 6 cases of EWSR1::NFATC1 , 4 EWSR1::NFATC2 , 2 FUS::NFATC2 , 1 EWSR1 rearrangement, and 1 with a novel FABP4::NFATC2 fusion. Follow-up was available in 4 patients. One patient experienced 2 local recurrences, 11 and 15 years postdiagnosis, and one patient experienced progressive disease despite multimodality treatment (curettings, embolization, radiation) over 3 years. In summary, our extended investigation confirms that NFATC -related fusions define a distinct group of vascular neoplasms with variable architecture, epithelioid phenotype, and cytologic atypia, commonly located in the bone, occasionally multifocal and with potential for local recurrence and aggressive behavior but no metastatic potential. Molecular analysis is recommended in diagnostically challenging cases with atypical histology to exclude malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin K Dashti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dartmouth Health
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Raul Perret
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC, INSERM, Bordeaux University, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Rana Naous
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Shadyside, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Michael Michal
- Biopticka Laboratory, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Josephine K Dermawan
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Cristina R Antonescu
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Choi H, Hong J, Seo Y, Joo SH, Lim H, Lahiji SF, Kim YH. Self-Assembled Oligopeptoplex-Loaded Dissolving Microneedles for Adipocyte-Targeted Anti-Obesity Gene Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309920. [PMID: 38213134 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in gene delivery systems are pivotal for gene-based therapeutics in oncological, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. This study delineates the design of a self-assembled oligopeptoplex (SA-OP) optimized for shRNA delivery to adipocytes, targeting obesity and associated metabolic syndromes. Conventional systems face challenges, including instability due to electrostatic interactions between genetic materials and cationic oligopeptides. Additionally, repeated injections induce discomfort and compromise patient well-being. To circumvent these issues, a dissolvable hyaluronic acid-based, self-locking microneedle (LMN) patch is developed, with improved micro-dose efficiency, for precise SA-OP delivery. This platform offers pain-free administration and improved SA-OP storage stability. In vitro studies in 3T3-L1 cells demonstrated improvements in SA-OP preservation and gene silencing efficacy. In vivo evaluation in a mice model of diet-induced type 2 diabetes yielded significant gene silencing in adipose tissue and a 21.92 ± 2.51% reduction in body weight with minimum relapse risk at 6-weeks post-treatment, representing a superior therapeutic efficacy in a truncated timeframe relative to the GLP-1 analogues currently available on the market. Additionally, SA-OP (LMN) mitigated insulin resistance, inflammation, and hepatic steatosis. These findings establish SA-OP (LMN) as a robust, minimally invasive transdermal gene delivery platform with prolonged storage stability for treating obesity and its metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heekyung Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyeong Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuha Seo
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Joo
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseok Lim
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Shayan Fakhraei Lahiji
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Cursus Bio Inc., Icure Tower, Seoul, 06170, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hee Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Cursus Bio Inc., Icure Tower, Seoul, 06170, Republic of Korea
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5
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Baru A, Devi C, Mukhopadhyay T, Dogra N. Anti bacterial function of secreted human FABP3. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130472. [PMID: 37788726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
FABP3 belongs to a large family of cytoplasmic fatty acid binding proteins that are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. It is predominantly expressed in breast, muscle and heart. During our exploratory studies on the role of FABP3 in tumorigenesis and our consequent attempts to study the molecular mechanism responsible for the oncogenic potential of FABP3, we came across an unexpected role of FABP3 as an anti-bacterial protein. Presence of the protein was detected in culture media of cell lines stably over-expressing human FABP3. Conditioned medium from these FABP3 over-expressing cells exerted a distinct anti-bacterial activity against E. coli. Our results indicate that binding of FABP3 to the bacterial cell surface contributes to its anti-bacterial activity. Incubation of E. coli bacterial cells with FABP3 protein led to disruption of the physical integrity of bacterial cell membrane causing leakage of cellular components. Further, in silico analysis predicted strong binding of FABP3 to the antibiotic binding sites on the bacterial ribosome. Interestingly, we found that FABP3 is a naturally occurring secretory protein present in milk in abundance as confirmed by western blot and ELISA. Thus, our experimental data together with in silico analysis suggests that FABP3 is secreted in milk, has an anti-bacterial function, shows activity against E. coli by disrupting bacterial membrane and targeting the ribosome, and may play a protective role against bacterial infection in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambica Baru
- National Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | - Chandra Devi
- National Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | - Tapas Mukhopadhyay
- National Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh-160014, India.
| | - Nilambra Dogra
- National Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh-160014, India.
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6
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Kim SH, Pyo JS, Son BK, Oh IH, Min KW. Clinicopathological significance and prognostic implication of nuclear fatty acid-binding protein 4 expression in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154722. [PMID: 37591068 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological significance and prognostic role of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) expression in colorectal cancer (CRC). Nuclear expression of FABP4 was investigated by immunohistochemistry for FABP4 on 246 human CRC tissues. The correlations between FABP4 expression, and clinicopathological characteristics and survival, was evaluated in patients with CRC. FABP4 was expressed in 91 of the 246 CRC tissues (37.0%). FABP4 expression was significantly correlated with older age, right-sided colon cancer, perineural invasion, higher pT stage, lymph node metastasis, and higher pTNM stage. However, there was no significant correlation between FABP4 expression and sex, tumor size, tumor differentiation, vascular or lymphatic invasion, or distant metastasis. Nuclear FABP4 expression was not significantly correlated with cytoplasmic FABP4 expression (P = 0.412). FABP4 expression was significantly correlated with nuclear pNF-κB expression (P = 0.001), and was significantly higher in CRC with a low immunoscore than in CRC with a high immunoscore (P < 0.001). There were significant correlations between FABP4 expression and worse overall and recurrence-free survival rates (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). FABP4 expression was significantly correlated with aggressive tumor behaviors and pathological characteristics. In addition, patients with CRC with FABP4 expression had worse survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Pyo
- Department of Pathology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Kwan Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Il Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kyueng-Whan Min
- Department of Pathology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea
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7
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Diedrich C, Maksimos M, Azab AK. Fatty acid binding proteins in multiple myeloma. Trends Mol Med 2023:S1471-4914(23)00101-6. [PMID: 37321951 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) transport fatty acids (FA) into cells as an energy source, and their inhibition suppressed tumor proliferation in solid tumors. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy, known for disrupted protein metabolism including high proteasome activity, where proteasome inhibitors made a dramatic improvement in its treatment. Recent discovery found FABPs as a novel metabolic pathway in MM, which will have an impact on understanding the biology and on therapeutic application in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Diedrich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Suite K2.304B, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mina Maksimos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Suite K2.304B, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Abdel Kareem Azab
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Suite K2.304B, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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8
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Li L, Tian Y. The role of metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages in shaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114504. [PMID: 37002579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are potent immune effector cells in innate immunity and exert dual-effects in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) make up a significant portion of TME immune cells. Similar to M1/M2 macrophages, TAMs are also highly plastic, and their functions are regulated by cytokines, chemokines and other factors in the TME. The metabolic changes in TAMs are significantly associated with polarization towards a protumour or antitumour phenotype. The metabolites generated via TAM metabolic reprogramming in turn promote tumor progression and immune tolerance. In this review, we explore the metabolic reprogramming of TAMs in terms of energy, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism and the potential roles of these changes in immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunxu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Agellon LB. Importance of fatty acid binding proteins in cellular function and organismal metabolism. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 28:e17703. [PMID: 36876733 PMCID: PMC10902576 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (Fabps) are small soluble proteins that are abundant in the cytosol. These proteins are known to bind a myriad of small hydrophobic molecules and have been postulated to serve a variety of roles, yet their precise functions have remained an enigma over half a century of study. Here, we consider recent findings, along with the cumulative findings contributed by many laboratories working on Fabps over the last half century, to synthesize a new outlook for what functions Fabps serve in cells and organisms. Collectively, the findings illustrate that Fabps function as versatile multi-purpose devices serving as sensors, conveyors and modulators to enable cells to detect and handle a specific class of metabolites, and to adjust their metabolic capacity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis B Agellon
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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Wang C, Mu T, Feng X, Zhang J, Gu Y. Study on fatty acid binding protein in lipid metabolism of livestock and poultry. Res Vet Sci 2023; 158:185-195. [PMID: 37030094 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are key proteins in lipid transport, and 12 family members have been documented in the literature. In recent years, new insights have been gained into the structure and function of FABPs, which are important regulators of lipid metabolic processes in the body and play a central role in coordinating lipid transport and metabolism in various tissues and organs across species. This paper provides a brief overview of the structure and biological functions of FABPs and reviews related studies on lipid metabolism in livestock and poultry to lay the foundation for research on the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of FABPs on lipid metabolism in livestock and poultry and for the genetic improvement of livestock and poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanchuan Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tong Mu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaofang Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yaling Gu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China.
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Wu YZ, Wang KX, Ma XD, Wang CC, Chen NN, Xiong C, Li JX, Su SW. Therapeutic effects of atorvastatin on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via antioxidative damage, anti-inflammatory, and anti-lipotoxicity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023:e23329. [PMID: 36808658 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), is a high efficiency anthracycline antitumor drug. However, the clinical application of DOX is limited mainly by dose-related adverse drug reactions. Currently, the therapeutic effects of Atorvastatin (ATO) on DOX-induced hepatotoxicity were studied in vivo. The results indicated that DOX impaired hepatic function, as measured by an increased levels of liver weight index and serum concentrations of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase, as well as alteration of hepatic histology. In addition, DOX increased the serum levles of triglyceride (TG) and nonestesterified fatty acid. ATO prevented these changes. Mechanical analysis revealed that ATO restored the changes of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen radical species, glutathione peroxidase and manganese superoxide dismutase. Additionally, ATO inhibited the increased expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B and interleukin 1β, hence suppressing inflammation. Meanwhile, ATO inhibited cell apoptosis by dramatically decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In addition, ATO mitigated the lipidtoxicity by inhibiting the adipolysis of TG and accelerating hepatic lipid metabolism. Taken together, the results suggest ATO has therapeutic effect on DOX-induced hepatotoxicity via inhibition of oxidative damage, inflammatory and apoptosis. In addition, ATO attenuates DOX-induced hyperlipidemia via modulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhao Wu
- Department of Otorhinolarynology-Head and Neck Sergery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ke-Xin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xin-di Ma
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chu-Chu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan-Nan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chen Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun-Xia Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Su-Wen Su
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for New Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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12
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Chang CC, Hsu CC, Yu TH, Hung WC, Kuo SM, Chen CC, Wu CC, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Wei CT. Plasma levels and tissue expression of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in patients with breast cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:52. [PMID: 36800961 PMCID: PMC9938596 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) is widely expressed in hepatocytes and plays a role in lipid metabolism. It has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in different types of cancer; however, few studies have investigated the association between L-FABP and breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the association between plasma concentrations of L-FABP in breast cancer patients and the expression of L-FABP in breast cancer tissue. METHOD A total of 196 patients with breast cancer and 57 age-matched control subjects were studied. Plasma L-FABP concentrations were measured using ELISA in both groups. The expression of L-FABP in breast cancer tissue was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULT The patients had higher plasma L-FABP levels than the controls (7.6 ng/mL (interquartile range 5.2-12.1) vs. 6.3 ng/mL (interquartile range 5.3-8.5), p = 0.008). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an independent association between L-FABP and breast cancer, even after adjusting for known biomarkers. Moreover, the rates of pathologic stage T2+T3+T4, clinical stage III, positive HER-2 receptor status, and negative estrogen receptor status were significantly higher in the patients with an L-FABP level greater than the median. Furthermore, the L-FABP level gradually increased with the increasing stage. In addition, L-FABP was detected in the cytoplasm, nuclear, or both cytoplasm and nuclear of all breast cancer tissue examined, not in the normal tissue. CONCLUSIONS Plasma L-FABP levels were significantly higher in the patients with breast cancer than in the controls. In addition, L-FABP was expressed in breast cancer tissue, which suggests that L-FABP may be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chang Chang
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Hsu
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,Health Examination Center, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80794 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Hung
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Ming Kuo
- grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Chen
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | | | - Ching-Ting Wei
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, No. 1, Yi-Da Rd., Jiau-Shu Village, Yan-Chao Township, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,Department of Electrical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
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13
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Alternative Methods as Tools for Obesity Research: In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010108. [PMID: 36676057 PMCID: PMC9860640 DOI: 10.3390/life13010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The study of adipogenesis is essential for understanding and treating obesity, a multifactorial problem related to body fat accumulation that leads to several life-threatening diseases, becoming one of the most critical public health problems worldwide. In this review, we propose to provide the highlights of the adipogenesis study based on in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We list in silico methods, such as molecular docking for identification of molecular targets, and in vitro approaches, from 2D, more straightforward and applied for screening large libraries of substances, to more representative physiological models, such as 3D and bioprinting models. We also describe the development of physiological models based on microfluidic systems applied to investigate adipogenesis in vitro. We intend to identify the main alternative models for adipogenesis evaluation, contributing to the direction of preclinical research in obesity. Future directions indicate the association of in silico and in vitro techniques to bring a clear picture of alternative methods based on adipogenesis as a tool for obesity research.
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14
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Su X, Jin M, Xu C, Gao Y, Yang Y, Qi H, Zhang Q, Yang X, Ya W, Zhang Y, Yang R. FABP4 in Paneth cells regulates antimicrobial protein expression to reprogram gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2139978. [PMID: 36519446 PMCID: PMC9635462 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2139978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial proteins possess a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity and play an important role in shaping the composition of gut microbiota, which is related to multiple diseases such as metabolic syndrome. However, it is incompletely known for the regulation of defensin expression in the gut Paneth cells. Here, we found that FABP4 in the Paneth cells of gut epithelial cells and organoids can downregulate the expression of defensins. FABP4fl/flpvillinCreT mice were highly resistance to Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T) infection and had increased bactericidal ability to pathogens. The FABP4-mediated downregulation of defensins is through degrading PPARγ after K48 ubiquitination. We also demonstrate that high-fat diet (HFD)-mediated downregulation of defensins is through inducing a robust FABP4 in Paneth cells. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in FABP4fl/flpvillinCreT mice is lower than control mice, which is opposite to that in mice fed HFD, indicating that FABP4 in the Paneth cells could reprogram gut microbiota. Interestingly, FABP4-mediated downregulation of defensins in Paneth cells not only happens in mice but also in human. A better understanding of the regulation of defensins, especially HFD-mediated downregulation of defensin in Paneth cells will provide insights into factor(s) underlying modern diseases.Abbreviations: FABP4: Fatty acid binding protein 4; S. T: Salmonella Typhimurium; HFD: High-fat diet; Defa: α-defensin; 930 HD5: Human α-defensin 5; HD6: Human α-defensin 6; F/B: Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes; SFB: Segmental filamentous bacteria; AMPs: Antimicrobial peptides; PPARγ: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; P-PPAR: Phosphorylated PPAR; Dhx15: DEAD-box helicase 15; 935 EGF: Epidermal growth factor; ENR: Noggin and R-spondin 1; CFU: Colony forming unit; Lyz1: Lysozyme 1; Saa1: Serum amyoid A 1; Pla2g2a: Phospholipase A2, group IIA; MMP-7: Matrix metalloproteinase; AU-PAGE: Acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; PA: Palmitic 940 acid; GPR40: G-protein-coupled receptor; GF: Germ-free; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; LP: Lamina propria; KO: Knock out; WT: Wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Su
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengli Jin
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunhuan Gao
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yazheng Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Houbao Qi
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianjing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wang Ya
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin, China,Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China,CONTACT Rongcun Yang Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
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15
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Zhao Z, Wang C, Jia J, Wang Z, Li L, Deng X, Cai Z, Yang L, Wang D, Ma S, Zhao L, Tu Z, Yuan G. Regulatory network of metformin on adipogenesis determined by combining high-throughput sequencing and GEO database. Adipocyte 2022; 11:56-68. [PMID: 34974794 PMCID: PMC8741290 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.2013417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose differentiation and excessive lipid accumulation are the important characteristics of obesity. Metformin, as a classic hypoglycaemic drug, has been proved to reduce body weight in type 2 diabetes, the specific mechanism has not been completely clear. A few studies have explored its effect on adipogenesis in vitro, but the existing experimental results are ambiguous. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were used to explore the effects of metformin on the morphological and physiological changes of lipid droplets during adipogenesis. A high throughput sequencing was used to examine the effects of metformin on the transcriptome of adipogenesis. Considering the inevitable errors among independent experiments, we performed integrated bioinformatics analysis to identify important genes involved in adipogenesis and reveal potential molecular mechanisms. During the process of adipogenesis, metformin visibly relieved the morphological and functional changes. In addition, metformin reverses the expression pattern of genes related to adipogenesis at the transcriptome level. Combining with integrated bioinformatics analyses to further identify the potential targeted genes regulated by metformin during adipogenesis. The present study identified novel changes in the transcriptome of metformin in the process of adipogenesis that might shed light on the underlying mechanism by which metformin impedes the progression of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jue Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhensheng Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suxian Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhigang Tu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Salvador Lopez JM, Jezierska S, Ekim Kocabey A, Lee J, Schneiter R, Van Bogaert INA. The oleaginous yeast Starmerella bombicola reveals limitations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model for fatty acid transport studies. FEMS Yeast Res 2022; 22:6832774. [PMID: 36398741 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the model organism to most yeast researchers, and information obtained from its physiology is generally extrapolated to other yeasts. Studies on fatty acid transport in S. cerevisiae are based on the expression of both native fatty acid export genes as well as heterologous proteins. Starmerella bombicola, on the other hand, is an oleaginous yeast of industrial relevance but its fatty acid transport mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we attempt to use existing knowledge from S. cerevisiae to study fatty acid transport in S. bombicola, but the obtained results differ from those observed in S. cerevisiae. First, we observed that deletion of SbPRY1 in S. bombicola leads to higher fatty acid export, the opposite effect to the one previously observed for the Pry homologues in S. cerevisiae. Second, following reports that human FATP1 could export fatty acids and alcohols in S. cerevisiae, we expressed FATP1 in a fatty acid-accumulating S. bombicola strain. However, FATP1 reduced fatty acid export in S. bombicola, most likely due to its acyl-CoA synthetase activity. These results not only advance knowledge on fatty acid physiology of S. bombicola, but also improve our understanding of S. cerevisiae and its limitations as a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylwia Jezierska
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Ghent University, Belgium.,Avecom N.V., Industrieweg 122P 9032 Wondelgem, Belgium
| | | | - Jungho Lee
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
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17
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Lu Y, Yang GZ, Yang D. Effects of ligand binding on dynamics of fatty acid binding protein and interactions with membranes. Biophys J 2022; 121:4024-4032. [PMID: 36196055 PMCID: PMC9675020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular transport of fatty acids involves binding of ligands to their carrier fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) and interactions of ligand-free and -bound FABPs with membranes. Previous studies focused on ligand-free FABPs. Here, our amide hydrogen exchange data showed that oleic acid binding to human intestinal FABP (hIFABP) stabilizes the protein, most likely through enhancing the hydrogen-bonding network, and induces rearrangement of sidechains even far away from the ligand binding site. Using NMR relaxation techniques, we found that the ligand binding affects not only conformational exchanges between major and minor states but also the affinity of hIFABP to nanodiscs. Analyses of the relaxation and amide exchange data suggested that two minor native-like states existing in both ligand-free and -bound hIFABPs originate from global "breathing" motions, while one minor native-like state comes from local motions. The amide hydrogen exchange data also indicated that helix αII undergoes local unfolding through which ligands can exit from the binding cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gabriel Zhang Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daiwen Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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18
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Chan DWH, Ma Y, Lu A, Yu S, Zhang B, Zhang G. Strategies for developing long-lasting therapeutic nucleic acid aptamer targeting circulating protein: The present and the future. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1048148. [PMID: 36393853 PMCID: PMC9664076 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1048148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are short, single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotide sequences that can bind specific targets. The molecular weight of aptamers (<20 kDa) is lower than the renal filtration threshold (30∼50 kDa), resulting in very short half-lives in vivo, which limit their druggability. The development of long-lasting modification approaches for aptamers can help address the druggability bottleneck of aptamers. This review summarized two distinct kinds of long-lasting modification approaches for aptamers, including macromolecular modification and low-molecular-weight modification. Though it is a current approach to extend the half-life of aptamers, the macromolecular modification approach could limit the space for the dosage increases, thus causing potential compliance concerns due to large molecular weight. As for the other modification approach, the low-molecular-weight modification approach, which uses low molecular weight coupling agents (LMWCAs) to modify aptamers, could greatly increase the proportion of aptamer moiety. However, some LMWCAs could bind to other proteins, causing a decrease in the drug amounts in blood circulation. Given these issues, the outlook for the next generation of long-lasting modification approaches was proposed at the end, including improving the administration method to increase dosage for aptamer drugs modified by macromolecule and developing Artificial intelligence (AI)-based strategies for optimization of LMWCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huarui Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Wing Ho Chan
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sifan Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baoting Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
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19
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Guo X, Sun J, Liang J, Zhu S, Zhang M, Yang L, Huang X, Xue K, Mo Z, Wen S, Hu B, Liu J, Ouyang Y, He M. Vasorin contributes to lung injury via FABP4-mediated inflammation. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9335-9344. [PMID: 35945403 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung injury caused by pulmonary inflammation is one of the main manifestations of respiratory diseases. Vasorin (VASN) is a cell-surface glycoprotein encoded by the VASN gene and is expressed in the lungs of developing mouse foetuses. Previous research has revealed that VASN is associated with many diseases. However, its exact function in the lungs and the underlying mechanism remain poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in lung disease caused by VASN deficiency, a VASN gene knockout (VASN-/-) model was established. The pathological changes in the lungs of VASN-/- mice were similar to those in a lung injury experimental mouse model. We further analysed the transcriptomes of the lungs of VASN-/- mice and wild-type mice. Genes in twenty-four signalling pathways were enriched in the lungs of VASN-/- mice, among which PPAR signalling pathway genes (3 genes, FABP4, Plin1, AdipoQ, were upregulated, while apoA5 was downregulated) were found to be closely related to lung injury. The most significantly changed lung injury-related gene, FABP4, was selected for further verification. The mRNA and protein levels of FABP4 were significantly increased in the lungs of VASN-/- mice, as were the mRNA and protein levels of the inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS We believe that these data provide molecular evidence for the regulatory role of VASN in inflammation in the context of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Guo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Junming Sun
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinning Liang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Siran Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lichao Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xuejing Huang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Kangning Xue
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhongxiang Mo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Sha Wen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiajuan Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiqiang Ouyang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Min He
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China. .,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China. .,Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China.
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20
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Kaczor U, Sawicki S, Nowak J, Gabryś J, Jurczyk J, Wojtysiak D, Połtowicz K. The g.4290 C>G Polymorphism in the FADS2 Gene Modifies the Fatty Acid Profile of the Pectoralis Superficialis Muscle of Ross 308 Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12151882. [PMID: 35892532 PMCID: PMC9332055 DOI: 10.3390/ani12151882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the g.4290 C>G substitution in the FADS2 gene and g.285 C>T in the FABP4 gene on carcass quality, meat quality, and fatty acid profile of the pectoralis superficialis muscle of 238 male broiler chickens reared up to 45 days of age was analyzed. A significant influence of g.4290 C>G in the FADS2 gene on the pectoralis superficialis muscle fatty acid profile was demonstrated. Chickens with the GG genotype were characterized by the highest content of conjugated linoleic acid, amino acids, eicosapentaenoic acids, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acids. and the lowest value of the linoleic acid/alpha-linolenic acid ratio. The FABP4 polymorphism determined only the content of C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6 and docosahexaenoic acid. There was no effect of the studied genotypes on final body weight, carcass quality traits, or quality of broiler pectoral muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kaczor
- Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 21 Mickiewicza Ave., 31-120 Cracow, Poland; (S.S.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence: (U.K.); (D.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Sebastian Sawicki
- Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 21 Mickiewicza Ave., 31-120 Cracow, Poland; (S.S.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Joanna Nowak
- Department of Poultry Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland;
| | - Julia Gabryś
- Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 21 Mickiewicza Ave., 31-120 Cracow, Poland; (S.S.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Jakub Jurczyk
- Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 21 Mickiewicza Ave., 31-120 Cracow, Poland; (S.S.); (J.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Dorota Wojtysiak
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 21 Mickiewicza Ave., 31-120 Cracow, Poland
- Correspondence: (U.K.); (D.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Połtowicz
- Department of Poultry Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland;
- Correspondence: (U.K.); (D.W.); (K.P.)
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21
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Li B, Zamzam A, Syed MH, Jahanpour N, Jain S, Abdin R, Qadura M. Urinary Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 Has Prognostic Value in Peripheral Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:875244. [PMID: 35795372 PMCID: PMC9250966 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.875244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite its significant association with limb loss and death, peripheral artery disease (PAD) remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. The current accepted gold-standard for PAD screening, the ankle brachial index (ABI), is limited by operator dependence, erroneous interpretation, and unreliability in patients with diabetes. Fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) is an intracellular protein that becomes released into circulation and excreted into urine following skeletal muscle injury. We examined the prognostic ability of urinary FABP3 (uFABP3) in predicting adverse PAD-related events. Methods In this prospective case-control study, urine samples were collected from patients with PAD (n = 142) and without PAD (n = 72). The cohort was followed for 2 years. uFABP3 was normalized to urinary creatinine (uCr) (uFABP3/uCr). The primary outcome was major adverse limb event (MALE; composite of vascular intervention [open or endovascular] or major limb amputation). The secondary outcome was worsening PAD status (drop in ABI≥0.15). Cox regression analyses with multivariable adjustment for baseline demographic and clinical variables were performed to assess the prognostic value of uFABP3/uCr with regards to predicting MALE and worsening PAD status. Results Patients with PAD had significantly higher median [IQR] uFABP3/uCr levels (3.46 [2.45–6.90] vs. 2.61 [1.98–4.62], p = 0.001). MALE and worsening PAD status were observed in 21 (10%) and 28 (14%) patients, respectively. uFABP3/uCr predicted MALE and worsening PAD status with adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of 1.28 (1.16–1.41, p = 0.001) and 1.16 (1.02–1.27, p = 0.021), respectively. Patients with high uFABP3/uCr had a lower 2-year freedom from MALE (86 vs. 96%, p = 0.047) and worsening PAD status (78 vs. 99%, p = 0.001). There was good discriminatory ability for uFABP3/uCr in predicting the primary outcome of MALE, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) of 0.78. Conclusions Measuring uFABP3/uCr levels in patients with PAD can help identify those at high risk of adverse PAD-related events. This study highlights the prognostic value of uFABP3 in risk-stratifying individuals for further diagnostic vascular evaluation or aggressive medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Li
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abdelrahman Zamzam
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Muzammil H. Syed
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Niousha Jahanpour
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shubha Jain
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rawand Abdin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Qadura
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22
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Basak S, Mallick R, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins in metabolic diseases and cancers. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 132:143-174. [PMID: 36088074 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are multipurpose proteins that can modulate lipid fluxes, trafficking, signaling, and metabolism. FABPs regulate metabolic and inflammatory pathways, its inhibition can improve type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. In addition, FABPs are involved in obesity, metabolic disease, cardiac dysfunction, and cancers. FABPs are promising tissue biomarkers in solid tumors for diagnostic and/or prognostic targets for novel therapeutic strategies. The signaling responsive elements of FABPs and determinants of FABP-mediated functions may be exploited in preventing or treating these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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23
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Shinoda S, Nakamura N, Roach B, Bernlohr DA, Ikramuddin S, Yamamoto M. Obesity and Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Progress in Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Bariatric Surgery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1284. [PMID: 35740306 PMCID: PMC9220099 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 30% of people in the United States (US) are classified as obese, and over 50% are considered significantly overweight. Importantly, obesity is a risk factor not only for the development of metabolic syndrome but also for many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is the third leading cause of cancer-related death, and 5-year survival of PDAC remains around 9% in the U.S. Obesity is a known risk factor for PDAC. Metabolic control and bariatric surgery, which is an effective treatment for severe obesity and allows massive weight loss, have been shown to reduce the risk of PDAC. It is therefore clear that elucidating the connection between obesity and PDAC is important for the identification of a novel marker and/or intervention point for obesity-related PDAC risk. In this review, we discussed recent progress in obesity-related PDAC in epidemiology, mechanisms, and potential cancer prevention effects of interventions, including bariatric surgery with preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Shinoda
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Naohiko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Brett Roach
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - David A. Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Sayeed Ikramuddin
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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24
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Maculewicz E, Leońska-Duniec A, Mastalerz A, Szarska E, Garbacz A, Lepionka T, Łakomy R, Anyżewska A, Bertrandt J. The Influence of FTO, FABP2, LEP, LEPR, and MC4R Genes on Obesity Parameters in Physically Active Caucasian Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106030. [PMID: 35627568 PMCID: PMC9141290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex multifactorial abnormality that has a well-confirmed genetic basis. However, the problem still lies in identifying the polymorphisms linked to body mass and composition. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze associations between FTO (rs9939609), FABP2 (rs1799883), and LEP (rs2167270), LEPR (rs1137101), and MC4R (rs17782313) polymorphisms and obesity-related parameters. Unrelated Caucasian males (n = 165) were recruited. All participants had similar physical activity levels. The participants were divided into two groups depending on their body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). All samples were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). When tested individually, only one statistically significant result was found. The FTO A/T polymorphism was significantly associated with FMI (p = 0.01). The chance of having increased FMI was >2-fold higher for the FTO A allele carriers (p < 0.01). Gene−gene interaction analyses showed the additional influence of all investigated genes on BMI and FMI. In summary, it was demonstrated that harboring the FTO A allele might be a risk factor for elevated fat mass. Additionally, this study confirmed that all five polymorphisms are involved in the development of common obesity in the studied population and the genetic risk of obesity is linked to the accumulation of numerous variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Maculewicz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Agata Leońska-Duniec
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Mastalerz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Szarska
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Aleksandra Garbacz
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Lepionka
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Roman Łakomy
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Anna Anyżewska
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Bertrandt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biala Podlaska, 21-500 Biala Podlaska, Poland;
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25
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Liou JW, Mani H, Yen JH. Viral Hepatitis, Cholesterol Metabolism, and Cholesterol-Lowering Natural Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073897. [PMID: 35409259 PMCID: PMC8999150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is defined as inflammation of the liver; it can be acute or chronic. In chronic cases, the prolonged inflammation gradually damages the liver, resulting in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and sometimes liver failure or cancer. Hepatitis is often caused by viral infections. The most common causes of viral hepatitis are the five hepatitis viruses—hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). While HAV and HEV rarely (or do not) cause chronic hepatitis, a considerable proportion of acute hepatitis cases caused by HBV (sometimes co-infected with HDV) and HCV infections become chronic. Thus, many medical researchers have focused on the treatment of HBV and HCV. It has been documented that host lipid metabolism, particularly cholesterol metabolism, is required for the hepatitis viral infection and life cycle. Thus, manipulating host cholesterol metabolism-related genes and proteins is a strategy used in fighting the viral infections. Efforts have been made to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering drugs, particularly 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, in the treatment of hepatitis viral infections; promising results have been obtained. This review provides information on the relationships between hepatitis viruses and host cholesterol metabolism/homeostasis, as well as the discovery/development of cholesterol-lowering natural phytochemicals that could potentially be applied in the treatment of viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Wen Liou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Hemalatha Mani
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-3-856-5301 (ext. 2683)
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26
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Boulahtouf Z, Virzì A, Baumert TF, Verrier ER, Lupberger J. Signaling Induced by Chronic Viral Hepatitis: Dependence and Consequences. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052787. [PMID: 35269929 PMCID: PMC8911453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic viral hepatitis is a main cause of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are striking similarities in the pathological impact of hepatitis B, C, and D, although these diseases are caused by very different viruses. Paired with the conventional study of protein-host interactions, the rapid technological development of -omics and bioinformatics has allowed highlighting the important role of signaling networks in viral pathogenesis. In this review, we provide an integrated look on the three major viruses associated with chronic viral hepatitis in patients, summarizing similarities and differences in virus-induced cellular signaling relevant to the viral life cycles and liver disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hepatiques UMR_S1110, Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (Z.B.); (A.V.); (T.F.B.); (E.R.V.)
| | - Alessia Virzì
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hepatiques UMR_S1110, Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (Z.B.); (A.V.); (T.F.B.); (E.R.V.)
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hepatiques UMR_S1110, Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (Z.B.); (A.V.); (T.F.B.); (E.R.V.)
- Service d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Eloi R. Verrier
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hepatiques UMR_S1110, Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (Z.B.); (A.V.); (T.F.B.); (E.R.V.)
| | - Joachim Lupberger
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hepatiques UMR_S1110, Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (Z.B.); (A.V.); (T.F.B.); (E.R.V.)
- Correspondence:
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27
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Gullett JM, Cuypers MG, Grace CR, Pant S, Subramanian C, Tajkhorshid E, Rock CO, White SW. Identification of Structural transitions in bacterial fatty acid binding proteins that permit ligand entry and exit at membranes. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101676. [PMID: 35122790 PMCID: PMC8892158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) transfer proteins extract FA from membranes and sequester them to facilitate their movement through the cytosol. Detailed structural information is available for these soluble protein–FA complexes, but the structure of the protein conformation responsible for FA exchange at the membrane is unknown. Staphylococcus aureus FakB1 is a prototypical bacterial FA transfer protein that binds palmitate within a narrow, buried tunnel. Here, we define the conformational change from a “closed” FakB1 state to an “open” state that associates with the membrane and provides a path for entry and egress of the FA. Using NMR spectroscopy, we identified a conformationally flexible dynamic region in FakB1, and X-ray crystallography of FakB1 mutants captured the conformation of the open state. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations show that the new amphipathic α-helix formed in the open state inserts below the phosphate plane of the bilayer to create a diffusion channel for the hydrophobic FA tail to access the hydrocarbon core and place the carboxyl group at the phosphate layer. The membrane binding and catalytic properties of site-directed mutants were consistent with the proposed membrane docked structure predicted by our molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, the structure of the bilayer-associated conformation of FakB1 has local similarities with mammalian FA binding proteins and provides a conceptual framework for how these proteins interact with the membrane to create a diffusion channel from the FA location in the bilayer to the protein interior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Gullett
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Maxime G Cuypers
- Departments of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Christy R Grace
- Departments of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Shashank Pant
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chitra Subramanian
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Charles O Rock
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Stephen W White
- Departments of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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28
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Yu TH, Hsuan CF, Wu CC, Hung WC, Lee TL, Tsai IT, Wei CT, Houng JY, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Lu YC. Association of plasma fatty acid-binding protein 3 with estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:82-88. [PMID: 34975301 PMCID: PMC8692122 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.66876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) located in renal mesangial and distal tubular cells, and had been shown to be a sensitive marker of renal injury, potentially be a mediator in pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our previous study revealed that plasma FABP1 and FABP2 were independently associated with CKD, however, little is known about the relationship between plasma FABP3 level and CKD. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the plasma levels of FABP3 at different stages of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 334 subjects with T2DM who enrolled in a disease management program were included in this study and stratified according to eGFR. Plasma FABP3 concentrations were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: FABP3 levels increased in parallel with the eGFR level. Increasing concentrations of FABP3 were independently and significantly associated with eGFR stage G2-G4. Age- and sex-adjusted FABP3 levels were positively associated with uric acid, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, FABP1, FABP2, and fatty liver index, but negatively associated with eGFR and hemoglobin. Conclusion: Our results indicate that circulating FABP3 in patients with T2DM is associated with eGFR, which suggests that increased plasma FABP3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80794 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Thung-Lip Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Tsai
- Department of Emergency, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Wei
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yiing Houng
- Department of Nutrition, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | | | - Yung-Chuan Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
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29
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Lu Y, Yang D. Conformational exchange of fatty acid binding protein induced by protein-nanodisc interactions. Biophys J 2021; 120:4672-4681. [PMID: 34600898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) can facilitate the transfer of long-chain fatty acids between intracellular membranes across considerable distances. The transfer process involves fatty acids, their donor membrane and acceptor membrane, and FABPs, implying that potential protein-membrane interactions exist. Despite intensive studies on FABP-membrane interactions, the interaction mode remains elusive, and the protein-membrane association and dissociation rates are inconsistent. In this study, we used nanodiscs (NDs) as mimetic membranes to investigate FABP-membrane interactions. Our NMR experiments showed that human intestinal FABP interacts weakly with both negatively charged and neutral membranes, but it prefers the negatively charged one. Through simultaneous analysis of NMR relaxation in the rotating-frame (R1ρ), relaxation dispersion, chemical exchange saturation transfer, and dark-state exchange saturation transfer data, we estimated the affinity of the protein to negatively charged NDs, the dissociation rate, and apparent association rate. We further showed that the protein in the ND-bound state adopts a conformation different from the native structure and the second helix is very likely involved in interactions with NDs. We also found a membrane-induced FABP conformational state that exists only in the presence of NDs. This state is native-like, different from other conformational states in structure, unbound to NDs, and in dynamic equilibrium with the ND-bound state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daiwen Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Bhori M, Rastogi V, Tungare K, Marar T. A review on interplay between obesity, lipoprotein profile and nutrigenetics with selected candidate marker genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:687-703. [PMID: 34669123 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a rapidly growing epidemic, and its frequently related complications demand global attention. The two factors commonly attributed to the epidemic are genetic factors and environmental factors. Studies indicate that the genetic makeup at an individual level and the environmental aspects influence the occurrence of the disease. However, there is insufficiency in understanding the mechanisms through which the gene mutations and environmental components individually lead to T2DM. Also, discrepancies have often been noted in the association of gene variants and type 2 diabetes when the gene factor is examined as a sole attribute to the disease. STUDY In this review initially, we have focused on the proposed ways through which CAPN10, FABP2, GLUT2, TCF7L2, and ENPP1 variants lead to T2DM along with the inconsistencies observed in the gene-disease association. The article also emphasizes on obesity, lipoprotein profile, and nutrition as environmental factors and how they lead to T2DM. Finally, the main objective is explored, the environment-gene-disease association i.e. the influence of each environmental factor on the aforementioned specific gene-T2DM relationship to understand if the disease-causing capability of the gene variants is exacerbated by environmental influences. CONCLUSION We found that environmental factors may influence the gene-disease relationship. Reciprocally, the genetic factors may alter the environment-disease relationship. To precisely conclude that the two factors act synergistically to lead to T2DM, more attention has to be paid to the combined influence of the genetic variants and environmental factors on T2DM occurrence instead of studying the influence of the factors separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustansir Bhori
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Varuni Rastogi
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Kanchanlata Tungare
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India.
| | - Thankamani Marar
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
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Syed MH, Zamzam A, Khan H, Singh K, Forbes TL, Rotstein O, Abdin R, Eikelboom J, Qadura M. Fatty acid binding protein 3 is associated with peripheral arterial disease. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 1:168-175. [PMID: 34617045 PMCID: PMC8489205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects more than 150 million people worldwide and is associated with high rates of lower extremity amputation, myocardial infarction, stroke and death. Fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) is released into circulation in patients with skeletal muscle injury. In this pilot study, we investigated a possible association between PAD and blood levels of FABP3. Methods Blood samples were collected from patients with clinical symptoms and diagnostic findings indicative of PAD (PAD group; ankle-brachial index [ABI] <0.9; n = 75) and in those without clinical or diagnostic features of PAD (non-PAD group; ABI >0.9; n = 75) presenting to vascular surgery ambulatory clinics at St. Michael's Hospital. Plasma samples were analyzed by protein multiplex to quantify FABP3 levels. Results PAD patients were found to have higher blood levels of FABP3 compared to patients without PAD (mean 3.90 ± 1.69 vs 2.03 ± 0.78; P < .001). A subgroup analysis demonstrated that the FABP3 levels were increased by almost two-fold in patients with PAD, independent of coronary artery disease (P < .001) or diabetes mellitus status (P < .001). Moreover, a significant negative correlation between FABP3 and the ABI was observed in PAD and patients without PAD matched groups (r = –0.51; P = .001). Last, immunohistochemistry demonstrated elevated expressions of FABP3 within skeletal muscle obtained from patients with the most severe form of PAD, chronic limb-threatening ischemia, when compared with patients without PAD. Conclusions Patients with PAD have elevated plasma levels of FABP3. An increasing severity of PAD is associated with higher FABP3 levels. There is a pressing need for a simple, readily accessible, blood-based biomarker for PAD. In this study, we found elevated levels of FABP3 in patients with PAD. This increase in FABP3 was irrespective of history of coronary artery disease or diabetes. Furthermore, our data suggest that an increasing severity of PAD is associated with higher FABP3 levels. Subsequently, FABP3 may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for PAD. However, further studies are needed to confirm the capability of FABP3 to serve as a valid and reliable biomarker for PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil H Syed
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdelrahman Zamzam
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hamzah Khan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas L Forbes
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ori Rotstein
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rawand Abdin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Eikelboom
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Jia M, Zhang H, Xu J, Su Y, Zhu W. Feeding frequency affects the growth performance, nutrient digestion and absorption of growing pigs with the same daily feed intake. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Fatty acids and evolving roles of their proteins in neurological, cardiovascular disorders and cancers. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 83:101116. [PMID: 34293403 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The dysregulation of fat metabolism is involved in various disorders, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and cancers. The uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) with 14 or more carbons plays a pivotal role in cellular metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, the uptake and metabolism of LCFAs must constantly be in tune with the cellular, metabolic, and structural requirements of cells. Many metabolic diseases are thought to be driven by the abnormal flow of fatty acids either from the dietary origin and/or released from adipose stores. Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of fatty acids are facilitated ubiquitously with unique combinations of fatty acid transport proteins and cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins in every tissue. Extensive data are emerging on the defective transporters and metabolism of LCFAs and their clinical implications. Uptake and metabolism of LCFAs are crucial for the brain's functional development and cardiovascular health and maintenance. In addition, data suggest fatty acid metabolic transporter can normalize activated inflammatory response by reprogramming lipid metabolism in cancers. Here we review the current understanding of how LCFAs and their proteins contribute to the pathophysiology of three crucial diseases and the mechanisms involved in the processes.
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Murugan DD, Balan D, Wong PF. Adipogenesis and therapeutic potentials of antiobesogenic phytochemicals: Insights from preclinical studies. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5936-5960. [PMID: 34219306 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most serious public health problems in both developed and developing countries in recent years. While lifestyle and diet modifications are the most important management strategies of obesity, these may be insufficient to ensure long-term weight reduction in certain individuals and alternative strategies including pharmacotherapy need to be considered. However, drugs option remains limited due to low efficacy and adverse effects associated with their use. Hence, identification of safe and effective alternative therapeutic agents remains warranted to combat obesity. In recent years, bioactive phytochemicals are considered as valuable sources for the discovery of new pharmacological agents for the treatment of obesity. Adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia increases with obesity and undergo molecular and cellular alterations that can affect systemic metabolism giving rise to metabolic syndrome and comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Many phytochemicals have been reported to target adipocytes by inhibiting adipogenesis, inducing lipolysis, suppressing the differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes, reducing energy intake, and boosting energy expenditure mainly in vitro and in animal studies. Nevertheless, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of these phytochemicals. This review outlines common pathways involved in adipogenesis and phytochemicals targeting effector molecules of these pathways, the challenges faced and the way forward for the development of phytochemicals as antiobesity agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmani Devi Murugan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dharvind Balan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi-Fong Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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The dose-dependent pteryxin-mediated molecular mechanisms in suppressing adipogenesis in vitro. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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FABP2 Ala54Thr Polymorphism and Post-Training Changes of Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Caucasian Women. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12070954. [PMID: 34206471 PMCID: PMC8305881 DOI: 10.3390/genes12070954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism (rs1799883) is strongly associated with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, although the function of its potential modifying effect on training-induced changes in obesity-related parameters is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the Ala54Thr polymorphism on post-training changes of selected body mass and body composition measurements, as well as with biochemical parameters of energy metabolism. Accordingly, alleles and genotypes distribution in a group of 168 young, nonobese Caucasian women measured for chosen body composition parameters, lipid profile, and glucose levels before and after the completion of a 12-week aerobic training program were studied. Although the obtained results showed changes in body mass, BMI, FM, %FM, FFM, TBW, HDL-C, and glucose levels during the training program, none of the examined parameters changed significantly across the FABP2 genotypes. Instead, we found a main effect of genotype on BMI (p = 0.033), with carriers of the Thr54 allele having a higher BMI during the whole study period compared with the Ala54 carriers. We confirm that the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism may help identify women at risk for overweight and obesity. However, we did not notice evidence of an interaction between physical activity and the Ala54Thr polymorphism on the examined parameters.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to define the influence of trauma on cardiac glucose and fatty acid transport. The effects were investigated in vivo in a porcine mono- and polytrauma model and in vitro in human cardiomyocytes, which were treated simultaneously with different inflammatory substances, mimicking posttraumatic inflammatory conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS In the porcine fracture- and polytrauma model, blood glucose concentrations were measured by blood gas analysis during an observation period of 72 h. The expression of cardiac glucose and fatty acid transporters in the left ventricle was determined by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. Cardiac and hepatic glycogen storage was examined. Furthermore, human cardiomyocytes were exposed to a defined trauma-cocktail and the expression levels of glucose- and fatty acid transporters were determined. Early after polytrauma, hyperglycemia was observed. After 48 and 72 h, pigs with fracture- and polytrauma developed hypoglycemia. The propofol demand significantly increased posttrauma. The hepatic glycogen concentration was reduced 72 h after trauma. Cardiac glucose and fatty acid transporters changed in both trauma models in vivo as well as in vitro in human cardiomyocytes in presence of proinflammatory mediators. CONCLUSIONS Monotrauma as well as polytrauma changed the cardiac energy transport by altering the expression of glucose and fatty acid transporters. In vitro data suggest that human cardiomyocytes shift to a state alike myocardial hibernation preferring glucose as primary energy source to maintain cardiac function.
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Choi Y, Kim DS, Lee MC, Park S, Lee JW, Om AS. Effects of Bacillus Subtilis-Fermented White Sword Bean Extract on Adipogenesis and Lipolysis of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Foods 2021; 10:1423. [PMID: 34205436 PMCID: PMC8235212 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the adipogenesis and lipolysis effects of the Bacillus subtilis-fermented white sword bean extract (FWSBE) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes before and after differentiation with FWSBE and measured triglyceride, free glycerol, mRNA, and protein levels. First, FWSBE reduced the cell viability of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes under 1000 µg/mL conditions. Triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes was suppressed, and free glycerol content in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes was increased in the FWSBE treatment groups, indicating that FWSBE has anti-obesity effects. Further, FWSBE suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes by lowering the protein levels of C/EBPα, PPARγ, and FAS and increasing the level of pACC and pAMPK. Additionally, FWSBE promoted lipolysis in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes by increasing the transcription levels of Ppara, Acox, and Lcad and the protein levels of pHSL and ATGL. Thus, we suggest that FWSBE can be a potential dietary supplement because of its anti-obesity properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Da-Som Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Seulgi Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Joo-Won Lee
- Department of Active Aging Industry, Division of Industrial Information Studies, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ae-Son Om
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
- Department of Active Aging Industry, Division of Industrial Information Studies, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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Ghaffari MH, Alaedin MT, Sadri H, Hofs I, Koch C, Sauerwein H. Longitudinal changes in fatty acid metabolism and in the mitochondrial protein import system in overconditioned and normal conditioned cows: A transcriptional study using microfluidic quantitative PCR. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:10338-10354. [PMID: 34147221 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of body condition around calving on the hepatic mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty acid (FA) metabolism and mitochondrial protein import system of dairy cows during the transition period. Fifteen weeks before their anticipated calving date, 38 multiparous Holstein cows were selected based on their current and previous body condition scores (BCS) and allocated to either a high or a normal BCS group (19 cows each). They received different diets to reach targeted differences in BCS and backfat thickness (BFT) until dry-off. At dry-off, normal BCS (NBCS) cows had a BCS <3.5 and BFT <1.2 cm, and the high BCS (HBCS) cows had a BCS >3.75 and BFT >1.4 cm. The expression of targeted genes in the liver was assayed by reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR using microfluidics integrated fluidic circuit chips on a subset of 5 cows from each group. Liver biopsies were collected at d -49, +3, +21, and +84 relative to parturition. The mRNA abundance of 47 genes related to lipid metabolism including carnitine metabolism, FA uptake and transport, lipoprotein export, carnitine metabolism, mitochondrial and proximal FA oxidation, ketogenesis, AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, and mitochondrial protein import system was assessed in liver tissue. The mRNA abundances of FA binding protein (FABP)6 (in both groups), and FABP1 and solute carrier family 22 member 5 (SLC22A5) in HBCS were upregulated (>1.5-fold change, FC) in early lactation (at d +3 and +21 postpartum) compared with antepartum (d -49), indicating promoted FA uptake and intracellular transport in the liver due to the metabolic adaptations of elevated lipo-mobilization after parturition. The upregulation of SLC22A5 and SLC25A20 after parturition was more pronounced in HBCS than in NBCS cows, suggesting a need for increasing the capacity of FA uptake, and FA transport into the hepatocyte. The increased mRNA abundance of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, after parturition and to a greater extent in HBCS (FC = 4.1) versus NBCS (FC = 2.1) indicates a physiological increase in the capacity of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA entry into the liver mitochondria compared with antepartum (ap; d -49 relative to calving). The greater hepatic mRNA abundance of genes encoding enzymes involved in mitochondrial FA oxidation in HBCS than in NBCS points to an increased rate of mitochondrial β-oxidation. The hepatic mRNA abundance of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA were upregulated after parturition (d +21/d +3 pp) to a greater extent in HBCS than in NBCS cows, indicating that excess acetyl-CoA generated via β-oxidation was increasingly used for ketogenesis. We observed for the first time that the mRNA abundance of genes involved in the translocase of the inner membrane (TIM) complex (TIM22 and TIM23) in the hepatic mitochondrial protein import system were undergoing distinct changes during the transition from late pregnancy to early lactation in dairy cows. Even though sample size in this study was relatively small, the results support that overconditioning around calving may contribute to mitochondrial FA overload and greater ketogenesis at the level of transcription in the liver of early lactation cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Mohamad Taher Alaedin
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hassan Sadri
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 516616471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Inga Hofs
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Koch
- Educational and Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Muenchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - Helga Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Pre-emptive pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid-binding protein 4 attenuates kidney fibrosis by reprogramming tubular lipid metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:572. [PMID: 34083513 PMCID: PMC8175732 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression that is caused by tubular injury and dysregulated lipid metabolism. Genetic abolition fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), a key lipid transporter, has been reported to suppress kidney interstitial fibrosis. However, the role and underlying mechanism of chemical inhibition of FABP4 in fibrotic kidney have not been well-documented. Here, we examined preemptive the effect of a FABP4 inhibitor, BMS309403, on lipid metabolism of tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and progression of kidney fibrosis. The expression of FABP4 was significantly elevated, concomitated with the accumulation of lipid droplets in TECs during kidney fibrosis. Treatment with BMS309403 alleviated lipid deposition of TECs, as well as interstitial fibrotic responses both in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-engaged mice and TGF-β-induced TECs. Moreover, BMS309403 administration enhanced fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in TECs by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and restoring FAO-related enzyme activities; In addition, BMS309403 markedly reduced cell lipotoxicity, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis in fibrotic kidney. Taken together, our results suggest that preemptive pharmacological inhibition of FABP4 by BMS309403 rebalances abnormal lipid metabolism in TECs and attenuates the progression of kidney fibrosis, thus may hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of fibrotic kidney diseases.
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Jin R, Hao J, Yi Y, Sauter E, Li B. Regulation of macrophage functions by FABP-mediated inflammatory and metabolic pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158964. [PMID: 33984518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are almost everywhere in the body, where they serve pivotal functions in maintaining tissue homeostasis, remodeling, and immunoregulation. Macrophages are traditionally thought to differentiate from bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Emerging studies suggest that some tissue macrophages at steady state originate from embryonic precursors in the yolk sac or fetal liver and are maintained in situ by self-renewal, but bone marrow-derived monocytes can give rise to tissue macrophages in pathogenic settings, such as inflammatory injuries and cancer. Macrophages are popularly classified as Th1 cytokine (e.g. IFNγ)-activated M1 macrophages (the classical activation) or Th2 cytokine (e.g. IL-4)-activated M2 macrophages (the alternative activation). However, given the myriad arrays of stimuli macrophages may encounter from local environment, macrophages exhibit notorious heterogeneity in their phenotypes and functions. Determining the underlying metabolic pathways engaged during macrophage activation is critical for understanding macrophage phenotypic and functional adaptivity under different disease settings. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) represent a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins facilitating lipid transport, metabolism and responses inside cells. More specifically, adipose-FABP (A-FABP) and epidermal-FABP (E-FABP) are highly expressed in macrophages and play a central role in integrating metabolic and inflammatory pathways. In this review we highlight how A-FABP and E-FABP are respectively upregulated in different subsets of activated macrophages and provide a unique perspective in defining macrophage phenotypic and functional heterogeneity through FABP-regulated lipid metabolic and inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqing Hao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yanmei Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Edward Sauter
- Division of Cancer Prevention, NIH/NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Validation of Recombinant Chicken Liver Bile Acid Binding Protein as a Tool for Cholic Acid Hosting. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050645. [PMID: 33925706 PMCID: PMC8146743 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are hydroxylated steroids derived from cholesterol that act at the intestinal level to facilitate the absorption of several nutrients and also play a role as signaling molecules. In the liver of various vertebrates, the trafficking of BAs is mediated by bile acid-binding proteins (L-BABPs). The ability to host hydrophobic or amphipathic molecules makes BABPs suitable for the distribution of a variety of physiological and exogenous substances. Thus, BABPs have been proposed as drug carriers, and more recently, they have also been employed to develop innovative nanotechnology and biotechnology systems. Here, we report an efficient protocol for the production, purification, and crystallization of chicken liver BABP (cL-BABP). By means of target expression as His6-tag cL-BABP, we obtained a large amount of pure and homogeneous proteins through a simple purification procedure relying on affinity chromatography. The recombinant cL-BABP showed a raised propensity to crystallize, allowing us to obtain its structure at high resolution and, in turn, assess the structural conservation of the recombinant cL-BABP with respect to the liver-extracted protein. The results support the use of recombinant cL-BABP for the development of drug carriers, nanotechnologies, and innovative synthetic photoswitch systems.
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Yin YY, Zhao J, Zhang LL, Xu XY, Liu JQ. Molecular mechanisms of inhibitor bindings to A-FABP deciphered by using molecular dynamics simulations and calculations of MM-GBSA. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 32:293-315. [PMID: 33655818 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2021.1891966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein (A-FABP) plays a central role in many aspects of metabolic diseases. It is an important target in drug design for treatment of FABP-related diseases. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations followed by calculations of molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were implemented to decipher molecular mechanism correlating with binding of inhibitors 57Q, 57P and L96 to A-FABP. The results show that van der Waals interactions are the leading factors to control associations of 57Q, 57P, and L96 with A-FABP, which reveals an energetic basis for designing of clinically available inhibitors towards A-FABP. The information from PCA and cross-correlation analysis rationally unveils that inhibitor bindings affect conformational changes of A-FABP and change relative movements between residues. Decomposition of binding affinity into contributions of individual residues not only detects hot spots of inhibitor/A-FABP binding but also shows that polar interactions of the positively charged residue Arg126 with three inhibitors provide a significant contribution for stabilization of the inhibitor/A-FABP bindings. Furthermore, the binding strength of L96 to residues Ser55, Phe57 and Lys58 are stronger than that of inhibitors 57Q and 57P to these residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Yin
- School of Science, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
| | - J Zhao
- School of Science, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
| | - L L Zhang
- School of Science, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
| | - X Y Xu
- School of Science, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
| | - J Q Liu
- School of Science, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
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Vardam-Kaur T, Sun J, Borges da Silva H. Metabolic regulation of tissue-resident memory CD8 + T cells. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 57:117-124. [PMID: 33714873 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular metabolic adaptations help define the function and homeostasis of memory CD8+ T cells. These cells, which promote protection against infections or cancer, undergo consecutive metabolic shifts, ultimately relying on mitochondrial-related pathways. Past CD8+ T cell metabolism studies focused on circulating memory cells, which are exclusive to secondary lymphoid organs or recirculate between lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. Yet, now there is unequivocal evidence that memory CD8+ T cells reside in many non-lymphoid organs and mediate protective immunity in barrier tissues. The metabolic adaptations occurring in forming and established tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells are currently subject of intense research. In this review, we discuss the latest breakthroughs on the transcriptional and protein control of tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Sun
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN, USA
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Matsuo K, Kawahata I, Melki R, Bousset L, Owada Y, Fukunaga K. Suppression of α-synuclein propagation after intrastriatal injection in FABP3 null mice. Brain Res 2021; 1760:147383. [PMID: 33636166 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation and aggregation of α-synuclein (αSyn) trigger neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), which in turn causes motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. We previously demonstrated that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3), an intracellular fatty acid carrier protein, enhances αSyn neurotoxicity in SNpc and motor impairments after intranigral injection of αSyn fibrils. However, the temporal profile of αSyn fibril spread and their toxicity remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the temporal profile of αSyn fibril spread and its toxicity, which induces intracellular fibril formation. Monomeric and fibrillar aSyn assemblies were labeled with ATTO550 to distinguish the exogenous form from the endogenous species and injected into bilateral striatum in Fabp3+/+ (wild type) and Fabp3-/- mice. Accumulation of both monomeric and fibrillar exogenous αSyn in the SNpc was drastically decreased in Fabp3-/- mice compared to that in the Fabp3+/+ counterparts. Deletion of Fabp3 also prevented exogenous αSyn fibril-induced seeding of the endogenous αSyn into aggregates containing phosphorylated and filamentous forms in the SNpc. Consistent with these results, loss of dopaminergic neurons and subsequent impaired motor behavior were attenuated in Fabp3-/- mice. These results highlight the crucial role of FABP3 in pathogenic αSyn accumulation and its seeding ability. Taken together, FABP3 could be a potential therapeutic target against αSyn propagation in synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Kawahata
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Ronald Melki
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Luc Bousset
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0872, Japan.
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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46
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Han J, Guo T, Yue Y, Lu Z, Liu J, Yuan C, Niu C, Yang M, Yang B. Quantitative proteomic analysis identified differentially expressed proteins with tail/rump fat deposition in Chinese thin- and fat-tailed lambs. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246279. [PMID: 33529214 PMCID: PMC7853479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tail adipose as one of the important functional tissues can enhance hazardous environments tolerance for sheep. The objective of this study was to gain insight into the underlying development mechanisms of this trait. A quantitative analysis of protein abundance in ovine tail/rump adipose tissue was performed between Chinese local fat- (Kazakh, Hu and Lanzhou) and thin-tailed (Alpine Merino, Tibetan) sheep in the present study by using lable-free approach. Results showed that 3400 proteins were identified in the five breeds, and 804 were differentially expressed proteins, including 638 up regulated proteins and 83 down regulated proteins in the tail adipose tissues between fat- and thin-tailed sheep, and 8 clusters were distinguished for all the DEPs’ expression patterns. The differentially expressed proteins are mainly associated with metabolism pathways and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, the proteomics results were validated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot. Our research has also suggested that the up-regulated proteins ACSL1, HSD17β4, FABP4 in the tail adipose tissue might contribute to tail fat deposition by facilitating the proliferation of adipocytes and fat accumulation in tail/rump of sheep. Particularly, FABP4 highly expressed in the fat-tail will play an important role for tail fat deposition. Our study might provide a novel view to understanding fat accumulation in special parts of the body in sheep and other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Han
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, CAAS, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sheep and Goat Breeding, CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaojing Yue
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sheep and Goat Breeding, CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zengkui Lu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sheep and Goat Breeding, CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Liu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sheep and Goat Breeding, CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sheep and Goat Breeding, CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chune Niu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sheep and Goat Breeding, CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, CAAS, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (MY); (BY)
| | - Bohui Yang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sheep and Goat Breeding, CAAS, Lanzhou, China
- * E-mail: (MY); (BY)
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Wu C, Chen C, Liu Y, Li H, Cheng B. Proteomic analysis of liver tissue between fat and lean broiler lines. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:211-218. [PMID: 33263412 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1847253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. The liver is the major site of fatty acid synthesis in chickens. Lipid metabolism in the liver correlates with the deposition of triglycerides in adipose tissue. Northeast Agricultural University broilers lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content (NEAUHLF) provide a unique model to study the mechanisms of fat deposition.2. In previous studies, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the livers of fat and lean broilers were evaluated across different developmental stages. Whether protein expression differences exist between the livers of fat and lean broilers is largely unknown. The current experiment used 2D fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) to screen expressed protein (DEP) spots in the liver tissues of NEAUHLF at one, four and seven weeks of age.3. Twenty-two DEPs were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS that were involved in lipid, energy, protein and amino acid metabolism, oxidative stress, cytoskeleton, and transport.4. These data furthered the understanding of the fat and lean phenotypes of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - C Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Y Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - H Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - B Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, China
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48
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Berton MP, de Antunes Lemos MV, Seleguim Chud TC, Bonvino Stafuzza N, Kluska S, Amorim ST, Silva Ferlin Lopes L, Cravo Pereira AS, Bickhart D, Liu G, Galvão de Albuquerque L, Baldi F. Genome-wide association study between copy number variation regions and carcass- and meat-quality traits in Nellore cattle. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an20275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Context
Indicine breeds are the main source of beef products in tropical and subtropical regions. However, genetic improvement for carcass- and meat-quality traits in zebu cattle have been limited and genomics studies concerning structural variations that influence these traits are essential.
Aim
The aim of this study was to perform a genome-wide association study between copy number variation regions (CNVRs) and carcass- and meat quality-traits in Nellore cattle.
Methods
In total, 3794 animals, males and females included, were genotyped using a 777962 single-nucleotide polymorphism platform of BovineHD BeadChip (777k; Illumina Inc.). Of these, 1751 Nellore bulls were slaughtered at 24 months of age for further carcass beef analysis. The following traits were studied: beef tenderness, marbling, rib-eye area, backfat thickness and meat colour (lightness, redness and yellowness). The CNV detection was conducted through PennCNV software. The association analyses were performed using CNVRuler software.
Key results
Several identified genomic regions were linked to quantitative trait loci associated with fat deposition (FABP7) and lipid metabolism (PPARA; PLA2 family; BCHE), extracellular matrix (INS; COL10A1), contraction (SLC34A3; TRDN) and muscle development (CAPZP). The gene-enrichment analyses highlighted biological mechanisms directly related to the metabolism and synthesis of lipids and fatty acids.
Conclusions
The large number of potential candidate genes identified within the CNVRs, as well as the functions and pathways identified, should help better elucidate the genetic mechanisms involved in the expression of beef and carcass traits in Nellore cattle. Several CNVRs harboured genes that might have a functional impact to improve the beef and carcass traits.
Implications
The results obtained contribute to upgrade the sensorial and organoleptic attributes of Nellore cattle and make feasible the genetic improvement of carcass- and meat-quality traits.
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49
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Qi Y, Fu S, He X, Wang B, Da L, Te R, Yuejun M, Suzhen S, Zhang W, Liu Y. Preliminary comparison of skin transcriptome from sheep with different wool fibre diameters. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an19311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
Wool is one of the most important animal fibres for the textile industry, and its diameter directly affects its economic value. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying wool fibre diameter (FD) in sheep have not been fully elucidated.
Aims
The aims of the work were to make an initial comparison of skin transcriptomes from sheep with wool of high and low FD, and to identify key genes affecting FD.
Methods
High-throughput RNA-Seq technology was employed to explore the skin transcriptome, using three sheep with fine wool (FD <21.0 μm) and three sheep with coarse wool (FD >27.0 μm).
Key results
We obtained 28607228 bp of clean sequence data, 78.9% (±3.8%) of which uniquely aligned to the reference genome across the six samples. In total, 19914 mRNA transcripts were expressed (FPKM >0) in the six skin samples, among which were certain well-known genes involved in the skin–hair cycle, such as KRTAP7-1, KRT14, Wnt10b, Wnt2b, β-catenin and FGF5. Furthermore, 467 genes were significantly differentially expressed between the fine-wool and coarse-wool groups, including 21 genes with upregulated and 446 genes with downregulated expression in the sheep with lower FD. These differentially expressed genes were particularly enriched in the gene ontology processes related to lipid metabolism, skin development, differentiation and immune function (P < 0.05). The biological processes were involved in collagen catabolism, negative regulation of macromolecule metabolism, steroid hormone stimulation and lipid metabolism. A significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway involving the metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins was also enriched, revealing that lipid metabolism might be one of the key factors affecting FD. The expression of these differentially expressed genes that were involved in the metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins pathway was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The correlation between the mRNA expression level from qPCR and RNA-Seq data was 0.999 (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The 467 differentially expressed genes, especially those involved in lipid metabolism and immune function, may play key roles in wool follicle metabolism and the expression of wool FD.
Implications
This study provided valuable data for future studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms that underlie wool follicle metabolism and wool FD. The work may also have implications for studies of the human hair follicle.
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50
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Fan R, Cao Z, Chen M, Wang H, Liu M, Gao M, Luan X. Effects of the FABP4 gene on steroid hormone secretion in goose ovarian granulosa cells. Br Poult Sci 2020; 62:81-91. [PMID: 32875818 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1817325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
1. To investigate the physiological role of FABP4 in the goose ovary, this study determined the effects of overexpressing and siRNA interfering FABP4 on progesterone (P4) and oestradiol (E2) production in granulosa cells. Measurements were made by ELISA, real-time qRT-PCR and western blotting. 2. The concentrations of P4 and E2 in the FABP4 overexpression granulosa cells were increased compared to the control group (P > 0.05 for P4; P < 0.05 for E2). Likewise, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). Conversely, the concentrations of P4 and E2 in the FABP4 silencing granulosa cells were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Likewise, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 were significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.001, or P < 0.01). 3. The study indicated that the FABP4 gene may regulate steroid hormone secretion and the expression of the steroidogenic genes in geese ovarian granulosa cells. These results support the possibility that the FABP4 gene mediates ovarian steroid hormone biosynthesis function and reproduction in geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Z Cao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - M Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - H Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - M Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - M Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - X Luan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang, P.R. China
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