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Dela Peña-Ponce MG, Rodriguez-Nieves J, Bernhardt J, Tuck R, Choudhary N, Mengual M, Mollan KR, Hudgens MG, Peter-Wohl S, De Paris K. Increasing JAK/STAT Signaling Function of Infant CD4 + T Cells during the First Year of Life. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:15. [PMID: 28271056 PMCID: PMC5318443 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most infant deaths occur in the first year of life. Yet, our knowledge of immune development during this period is scarce and derived from cord blood (CB) only. To more effectively combat pediatric diseases, a deeper understanding of the kinetics and the factors that regulate the maturation of immune functions in early life is needed. Increased disease susceptibility of infants is generally attributed to T helper 2-biased immune responses. The differentiation of CD4+ T cells along a specific T helper cell lineage is dependent on the pathogen type, and on costimulatory and cytokine signals provided by antigen-presenting cells. Cytokines also regulate many other aspects of the host immune response. Therefore, toward the goal of increasing our knowledge of early immune development, we defined the temporal development of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling function of CD4+ T cells using cross-sectional blood samples from healthy infants ages 0 (birth) to 14 months. We specifically focused on cytokines important in T cell differentiation (IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-4) or in T cell survival and expansion (IL-2 and IL-7) in infant CD4+ T cells. Independent of the cytokine tested, JAK/STAT signaling in infant compared to adult CD4+ T cells was impaired at birth, but increased during the first year, with the most pronounced changes occurring in the first 6 months. The relative change in JAK/STAT signaling of infant CD4+ T cells with age was distinct for each cytokine tested. Thus, while about 60% of CB CD4+ T cells could efficiently activate STAT6 in response to IL-4, less than 5% of CB CD4+ T cells were able to activate the JAK/STAT pathway in response to IFN-γ, IL-12 or IL-2. By 4-6 months of age, the activation of the cytokine-specific STAT molecules was comparable to adults in response to IL-4 and IFN-γ, while IL-2- and IL-12-induced STAT activation remained below adult levels even at 1 year. These results suggest that common developmental and cytokine-specific factors regulate the maturation of the JAK/STAT signaling function in CD4+ T cells during the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra Grace Dela Peña-Ponce
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Jennifer Rodriguez-Nieves
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Janice Bernhardt
- Division of Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Ryan Tuck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Neelima Choudhary
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Michael Mengual
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Katie R Mollan
- Lineberger Cancer Center, Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Michael G Hudgens
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Sigal Peter-Wohl
- Division of Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Kristina De Paris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
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Sathish JG, Walters J, Luo JC, Johnson KG, Leroy FG, Brennan P, Kim KP, Gygi SP, Neel BG, Matthews RJ. CD22 is a functional ligand for SH2 domain-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase-1 in primary T cells. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:47783-91. [PMID: 15364920 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m402354200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-1) has been characterized as a negative regulator of T cell function, contributing to the definition of T cell receptor signaling thresholds in developing and peripheral mouse T lymphocytes. The activation of SHP-1 is achieved through the engagement of its tandem SH2 domains by tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins; however, the identity of the activating ligand(s) for SHP-1, within mouse primary T cells, is presently unresolved. The identification of SHP-1 ligand(s) in primary T cells would provide crucial insight into the molecular mechanisms by which SHP-1 contributes to in vivo thresholds for T cell activation. Here we present a combination of biochemical and yeast genetic analyses indicating CD22 to be a T cell ligand for the SHP-1 SH2 domains. Based on these observations we have confirmed that CD22 is indeed expressed on mouse primary T cells and capable of associating with SHP-1. Significantly, CD22-deficient T cells demonstrate enhanced proliferation in response to anti-CD3 or allogeneic stimulation. Furthermore, the co-engagement of CD3 and CD22 results in a raising of TCR signaling thresholds hence demonstrating a previously unsuspected functional role for CD22 in primary T cells.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- CD3 Complex/immunology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Lectins/genetics
- Lectins/immunology
- Ligands
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Protein Phosphatase 1
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/genetics
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/immunology
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Two-Hybrid System Techniques
- ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
- src Homology Domains
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean G Sathish
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Henry Wellcome Building for Biomedical Research in Wales, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XX, Wales, United Kingdom
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Filippi C, Hugues S, Cazareth J, Julia V, Glaichenhaus N, Ugolini S. CD4+ T cell polarization in mice is modulated by strain-specific major histocompatibility complex-independent differences within dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2003; 198:201-9. [PMID: 12860929 PMCID: PMC2194066 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20021893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance and susceptibility to Leishmania major in mice are determined by multiple genes and correlate with the preferential development of Th1 and Th2 responses, respectively. Here, we found that CD11b+ dendritic cells (DCs) prime parasite-specific CD4+ T cells in both susceptible BALB/c (H2-d) and resistant B10.D2 (H2-d) mice. However, BALB/c and B10.D2 DCs from L. major-infected mice differ in their ability to polarize naive T cells into Th1 or Th2 effector cells. This difference is cell-intrinsic, is not restricted to H2-d mice, and is observed with both parasite-specific and allospecific CD4+ T cells. Thus, strain-specific differences within CD11b+ DCs influence the ability of inbred mice to mount polarized CD4+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Filippi
- E03-44, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France
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Noble JA, White AM, Lazzeroni LC, Valdes AM, Mirel DB, Reynolds R, Grupe A, Aud D, Peltz G, Erlich HA. A polymorphism in the TCF7 gene, C883A, is associated with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2003; 52:1579-82. [PMID: 12765974 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with a Th1 phenotype in which insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreas are destroyed. The T-cell-specific transcription factor TCF7 activates genes involved in immune regulation and is a candidate locus for genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. A nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (Pro to Thr) in the TCF7 gene, C883A, was examined in samples from 282 Caucasian multiplex type 1 diabetic families. HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 genotypes were previously determined for these samples, allowing data stratification based on HLA-associated risk. The transmission disequilibrium test showed significant overtransmission of the A allele from fathers (64.1%, P < 0.007) and nonsignificant overtransmission (57.4%, P < 0.06) of the A allele to patients who do not carry the highest-risk HLA-DR3/DR4 genotype. Elliptical sib pair analysis showed significant associations of the A allele with type 1 diabetes in paternal transmissions (P < 0.03), transmissions to male children (P < 0.04), and in the non-DR3/DR4 group (P < 0.04). These data also suggest that TCF7 C883A may affect age of disease onset. Analysis of genotype data from surrounding SNPs suggests that this TCF7 polymorphism may itself represent a risk factor for type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle A Noble
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA.
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Zhou M, Ouyang W, Gong Q, Katz SG, White JM, Orkin SH, Murphy KM. Friend of GATA-1 represses GATA-3-dependent activity in CD4+ T cells. J Exp Med 2001; 194:1461-71. [PMID: 11714753 PMCID: PMC2193678 DOI: 10.1084/jem.194.10.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of naive CD4+ T cells into a T helper (Th) 2 subset capable of producing interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 involves a signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)6-dependent induction of GATA-3 expression, followed by Stat6-independent GATA-3 autoactivation. The friend of GATA (FOG)-1 protein regulates GATA transcription factor activity in several stages of hematopoietic development including erythrocyte and megakaryocyte differentiation, but whether FOG-1 regulates GATA-3 in T cells is uncertain. We show that FOG-1 can repress GATA-3-dependent activation of the IL-5 promoter in T cells. Also, FOG-1 overexpression during primary activation of naive T cells inhibited Th2 development in CD4+ T cells. FOG-1 fully repressed GATA-3-dependent Th2 development and GATA-3 autoactivation, but not Stat6-dependent induction of GATA-3. FOG-1 overexpression repressed development of Th2 cells from naive T cells, but did not reverse the phenotype of fully committed Th2 cells. Thus, FOG-1 may be one factor capable of regulating the Th2 development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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