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Lytvynenko A, Baluchová S, Zima J, Krůšek J, Schwarzová-Pecková K. Biofouling and performance of boron-doped diamond electrodes for detection of dopamine and serotonin in neuron cultivation media. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 158:108713. [PMID: 38688079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Boron doped diamond has been considered as a fouling-resistive electrode material for in vitro and in vivo detection of neurotransmitters. In this study, its performance in electrochemical detection of dopamine and serotonin in neuron cultivation media Neurobasal™ before and after cultivation of rat neurons was investigated. For differential pulse voltammetry the limits of detection in neat Neurobasal™ medium of 2 µM and 0.2 µM for dopamine and serotonin, respectively, were achieved on the polished surface, which is comparable with physiological values. On oxidized surface twofold higher values, but increased repeatabilities of the signals were obtained. However, in Neurobasal™ media with peptides-containing supplements necessary for cell cultivation, the voltammograms were notably worse shaped due to biofouling, especially in the medium isolated after neuron growth. In these complex media, the amperometric detection mode at +0.75 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) allowed to detect portion-wise additions of dopamine and serotonin (as low as 1-2 µM), mimicking neurotransmitter release from vesicles despite the lower sensitivity in comparison with neat NeurobasalTM. The results indicate substantial differences in detection on boron doped diamond electrode in the presence and absence of proteins, and the necessity of studies in real media for successful implementation to neuron-electrode interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Lytvynenko
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Baluchová
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Zima
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krůšek
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Schwarzová-Pecková
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Plačkić A, Neubert TJ, Patel K, Kuhl M, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Zurutuza A, Sordan R, Balasubramanian K. Electrochemistry at the Edge of a van der Waals Heterostructure. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306361. [PMID: 38109121 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Artificial van der Waals heterostructures, obtained by stacking two-dimensional (2D) materials, represent a novel platform for investigating physicochemical phenomena and applications. Here, the electrochemistry at the one-dimensional (1D) edge of a graphene sheet, sandwiched between two hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flakes, is reported. When such an hBN/graphene/hBN heterostructure is immersed in a solution, the basal plane of graphene is encapsulated by hBN, and the graphene edge is exclusively available in the solution. This forms an electrochemical nanoelectrode, enabling the investigation of electron transfer using several redox probes, e.g., ferrocene(di)methanol, hexaammineruthenium, methylene blue, dopamine and ferrocyanide. The low capacitance of the van der Waals edge electrode facilitates cyclic voltammetry at very high scan rates (up to 1000 V s-1), allowing voltammetric detection of redox species down to micromolar concentrations with sub-second time resolution. The nanoband nature of the edge electrode allows operation in water without added electrolyte. Finally, two adjacent edge electrodes are realized in a redox-cycling format. All the above-mentioned phenomena can be investigated at the edge, demonstrating that nanoscale electrochemistry is a new application avenue for van der Waals heterostructures. Such an edge electrode will be useful for studying electron transfer mechanisms and the detection of analyte species in ultralow sample volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Plačkić
- L-NESS, Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, Como, 22100, Italy
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Tilmann J Neubert
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA), IRIS Adlershof & Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kishan Patel
- L-NESS, Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, Como, 22100, Italy
| | - Michel Kuhl
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA), IRIS Adlershof & Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Amaia Zurutuza
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU, Mikeletegi Pasealekua 83, San Sebastián, 20009, Spain
| | - Roman Sordan
- L-NESS, Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, Como, 22100, Italy
| | - Kannan Balasubramanian
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA), IRIS Adlershof & Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Ma Y, Ma Y, Liu K, Wang D, Liu R, Chen Q, Jiang D, Pan R. An ultra-sensitive platinized nanocavity electrode for analysis of cytosolic catecholamines in one living cell. Talanta 2024; 269:125503. [PMID: 38070283 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The catecholamines, mainly dopamine (DA), are present in the cellular cytosol with low abundance, while, play key roles in various neurodegenerative disorders. Here, platinized nanocavity carbon electrodes are employed to analyze cytosolic catecholamines in a single living PC12 cell, which is not easily quantified using the classic electrodes. The confined structure and excellent conductivity in the platinized nanocavity accelerate the electron transfer of the DA, resulting in a low detection limit down to 50 nM. The sensitivity of DA detection is improved to be 10.73 pA mM-1 nm-1 in the response range of 50 nM-100 μM, which guarantees quantitative analysis of cytosolic catecholamines with low abundance. Eventually, the platinized nanocavity electrode is employed to detect cytosolic catecholamines in a single PC12 cell without an obvious interruption of cellular catecholamine level. The cytosolic catecholamines in a single PC12 cell is measured in situ to be 0.1 μM, which is achieved for the first time at the single cell level using the electrochemical method. The results demonstrate that the nanocavity electrode with a high sensitivity could offer a promising means to dynamically track catecholamines in a single cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- The State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Yanyu Ma
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Kang Liu
- The State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Dengchao Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Rujia Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Quanchi Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Dechen Jiang
- The State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Rongrong Pan
- The State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China.
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4
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Srinivas S, Senthil Kumar SM, Senthil Kumar A. Edge and Basal Plane Anisotropy of a Preanodized Pencil Graphite Electrode Surface Revealed Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy and Electrocatalytic Dopamine Oxidation as a Molecular Probe. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12563-12575. [PMID: 37646227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Pencil graphite (PGE), an ultralow-cost and ready-to-use disposable-type electrode, has been used for various electrochemical and electroanalytical applications after its surface anodization (PGE*, * means preanodized surface). Indeed, systematic studies on mechanistic and surface features of PGE* have not yet been explored. Herein, we report anodized pencil graphite as a model system to study molecular level insights into the surface using a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technique and dopamine (DA) electrocatalytic oxidation reaction as a molecular probe. The as-prepared PGE* showed an appreciable electronic conductivity similar to the edge-plane graphitic sites (EPPG) of the highly pyrolytic graphitic electrode (HOPG) but without any surface deterioration that occurs with HOPG due to the instability of the EPPG. Physicochemical characterizations by FESEM, FTIR, Raman, and XPS techniques revealed a flake-like exfoliated PGE* surface with higher contents of carbon-oxygen especially phenolic/alcoholic functional groups than the PGE surface. Based on the chronocoulometric experiment, the number of functional groups formed on the PGE* was calculated as 10.9 × 10-10 mol cm-2. An independent SECM technique using ferricyanide as a redox probe showed the existence of a heterogeneous surface and exhibited an improved electron transfer activity due to the flake-like graphitic island on the PGE* surface. Investigated DA electrochemical oxidation on PGE* yielded about three times enhancement in the peak current signal and about 200 mV reduction in the oxidation potential over the PGE without any serious surface fouling feature that is related to the intermediate polydopamine formation on the basal-plane graphitic surface of the underlying electrode. As an independent electroanalytical study, a prototype electrochemical sensor using PGE* as a working electrode for instant detection of DA-containing pharmaceutical samples in a 1 mL Eppendorf vial has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Srinivas
- Nano and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, India
| | - Sakkarapalayam Murugesan Senthil Kumar
- Electroorganic and Materials Electrochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630 003, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Annamalai Senthil Kumar
- Nano and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, India
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore632 014, India
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5
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Hadad M, Hadad N, Zestos AG. Carbon Electrode Sensor for the Measurement of Cortisol with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:626. [PMID: 37366991 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is a vital steroid hormone that has been known as the "stress hormone", which is elevated during times of high stress and anxiety and has a significant impact on neurochemistry and brain health. The improved detection of cortisol is critically important as it will help further our understanding of stress during several physiological states. Several methods exist to detect cortisol; however, they suffer from low biocompatibility and spatiotemporal resolution, and they are relatively slow. In this study, we developed an assay to measure cortisol with carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). FSCV is typically utilized to measure small molecule neurotransmitters by producing a readout cyclic voltammogram (CV) for the specific detection of biomolecules on a fast, subsecond timescale with biocompatible CFMEs. It has seen enhanced utility in measuring peptides and other larger compounds. We developed a waveform that scanned from -0.5 to -1.2 V at 400 V/s to electro-reduce cortisol at the surface of CFMEs. The sensitivity of cortisol was found to be 0.87 ± 0.055 nA/μM (n = 5) and was found to be adsorption controlled on the surface of CFMEs and stable over several hours. Cortisol was co-detected with several other biomolecules such as dopamine, and the waveform was fouling resistant to repeated injections of cortisol on the surface of the CFMEs. Furthermore, we also measured exogenously applied cortisol into simulated urine to demonstrate biocompatibility and potential use in vivo. The specific and biocompatible detection of cortisol with high spatiotemporal resolution will help further elucidate its biological significance and further understand its physiological importance and impact on brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Hadad
- Department of Chemistry, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Nadine Hadad
- Department of Chemistry, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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6
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Hasoň S, Ostatná V, Fojt L, Fojta M. Arrangements of DNA purine bases on pyrolytic graphite electrode surface. Electrochemical characterization and atomic force microscopy imaging. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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7
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Boonkaew S, Dettlaff A, Sobaszek M, Bogdanowicz R, Jönsson-Niedziółka M. Electrochemical determination of neurotransmitter serotonin using boron/nitrogen co-doped diamond-graphene nanowall-structured particles. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Swinya D, Martín-Yerga D, Walker M, Unwin PR. Surface Nanostructure Effects on Dopamine Adsorption and Electrochemistry on Glassy Carbon Electrodes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:13399-13408. [PMID: 35983313 PMCID: PMC9377355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c02801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) adsorption and electron-transfer kinetics are strongly sensitive to the structure and composition of carbon electrodes. Activation of carbon surfaces is a popular method to improve DA detection, but the role of carbon structural features on DA behavior remains uncertain. Herein, we use scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) for local anodization of glassy carbon (GC) electrodes in acid media followed by electrochemical imaging of DA adsorption and electrochemistry covering both unmodified and anodized GC regions of the same electrode. Electrochemical measurements of adsorbed DA involve the delivery of DA from the SECCM meniscus (30 μM) for 1 s periods followed by voltammetric analysis at a reasonable sweep rate (47 V s-1). This general approach reduces effects from interelectrode variability and allows for considerable numbers of measurements and statistical analysis of electrochemical data sets. Localized electrode activity is correlated to surface structure and chemistry by a range of characterization techniques. Anodization enhances DA electron-transfer kinetics and provides more sites for adsorption (higher specific surface area). A consequence is that adsorption takes longer to approach completion on the anodized surface. In fact, normalizing DA surface coverage by the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) reveals that adsorption is less extensive on anodized surfaces compared to as-prepared GC on the same time scale. Thus, ECSA, which has often been overlooked when calculating DA surface coverage on carbon electrodes, even where different activation methods would be expected to result in different surface roughness and nanostructure, is an important consideration. Lower graphitic and higher oxygen content on anodized GC also suggest that oxygen-containing functional groups do not necessarily enhance DA adsorption and may have the opposite effect. This work further demonstrates SECCM as a powerful technique for revealing surface structure-function relationships and correlations at heterogeneous electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia
L. Swinya
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Martín-Yerga
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Walker
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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9
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Tortolini C, Cass AEG, Pofi R, Lenzi A, Antiochia R. Microneedle-based nanoporous gold electrochemical sensor for real-time catecholamine detection. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:180. [PMID: 35391571 PMCID: PMC8989844 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA), epinephrine (EP), and norepinephrine (NEP) are the main catecholamine of clinical interest, as they play crucial roles in the regulation of nervous and cardiovascular systems and are involved in some brain behaviors, such as stress, panic, anxiety, and depression. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reliable sensing device able to provide their continuous monitoring in a minimally invasive manner. In this work, the first highly nanoporous gold (h-nPG) microneedle-based sensor is presented for continuous monitoring of catecholamine in interstitial fluid (ISF). The h-nPG microneedle-based gold electrode was prepared by a simple electrochemical self-templating method that involves two steps, gold electrodeposition and hydrogen bubbling at the electrode surface, realized by sweeping the potential between + 0.8 V and 0 V vs Ag/AgCl for 25 scans in a 10 mM HAuCl4 solution containing 2.5 M NH4Cl, and successively applying a fixed potential of − 2 V vs Ag/AgCl for 60 s. The resulting microneedle-based h-nPG sensor displays an interference-free total catecholamine detection expressed as NEP concentration, with a very low LOD of 100 nM, excellent sensitivity and stability, and fast response time (< 4 s). The performance of the h-nPG microneedle array sensor was successively assessed in artificial ISF and in a hydrogel skin model at typical physiological concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tortolini
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Anthony E G Cass
- Department of Chemistry & Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Riccardo Pofi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccarda Antiochia
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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10
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Pankratova G, Pan JY, Keller SS. Impact of plasma-induced surface chemistry on electrochemical properties of microfabricated pyrolytic carbon electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Du Y, Dai L, Yang F, Zhang Y, An C. In situ polymerization confinement synthesis of ultrasmall MoTe 2 nanoparticles for the electrochemical detection of dopamine. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00930g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasmall MoTe2 nanoparticles has been synthesized using an in situ polymerization confinement method, which exhibits a low limit of detection and excellent selectivity for electrochemical dopamine sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cell and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Linxiu Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cell and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cell and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cell and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Changhua An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cell and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
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12
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Lucio Boschen S, Trevathan J, Hara SA, Asp A, Lujan JL. Defining a Path Toward the Use of Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry in Human Studies. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:728092. [PMID: 34867151 PMCID: PMC8633532 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.728092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) has been used for decades as a neurochemical tool for in vivo detection of phasic changes in electroactive neurotransmitters in animal models. Recently, multiple research groups have initiated human neurochemical studies using FSCV or demonstrated interest in bringing FSCV into clinical use. However, there remain technical challenges that limit clinical implementation of FSCV by creating barriers to appropriate scientific rigor and patient safety. In order to progress with clinical FSCV, these limitations must be first addressed through (1) appropriate pre-clinical studies to ensure accurate measurement of neurotransmitters and (2) the application of a risk management framework to assess patient safety. The intent of this work is to bring awareness of the current issues associated with FSCV to the scientific, engineering, and clinical communities and encourage them to seek solutions or alternatives that ensure data accuracy, rigor and reproducibility, and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suelen Lucio Boschen
- Applied Computational Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - James Trevathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Seth A Hara
- Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Anders Asp
- Applied Computational Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - J Luis Lujan
- Applied Computational Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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13
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Baluchová S, Brycht M, Taylor A, Mortet V, Krůšek J, Dittert I, Sedláková S, Klimša L, Kopeček J, Schwarzová-Pecková K. Enhancing electroanalytical performance of porous boron-doped diamond electrodes by increasing thickness for dopamine detection. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1182:338949. [PMID: 34602205 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel porous boron-doped diamond (BDDporous)-based materials have attracted lots of research interest due to their enhanced detection ability and biocompatibility, favouring them for use in neuroscience. This study reports on morphological, spectral, and electrochemical characterisation of three BDDporous electrodes of different thickness given by a number of deposited layers (2, 3 and 5). These were prepared using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition on SiO2 nanofiber-based scaffolds. Further, the effect of number of layers and poly-l-lysine coating, commonly employed in neuron cultivation experiments, on sensing properties of the neurotransmitter dopamine in a pH 7.4 phosphate buffer media was investigated. The boron doping level of ∼2 × 1021 atoms cm-3 and increased content of non-diamond (sp2) carbon in electrodes with more layers was evaluated by Raman spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetric experiments revealed reduced working potential windows (from 2.4 V to 2.2 V), higher double-layer capacitance values (from 405 μF cm-2 to 1060 μF cm-2), enhanced rates of electron transfer kinetics and larger effective surface areas (from 5.04 mm2 to 7.72 mm2), when the number of porous layers increases. For dopamine, a significant boost in analytical performance was recognized with increasing number of layers using square-wave voltammetry: the highest sensitivity of 574.1 μA μmol-1 L was achieved on a BDDporous electrode with five layers and dropped to 35.9 μA μmol-1 L when the number of layers decreased to two. Consequently, the lowest detection limit of 0.20 μmol L-1 was obtained on a BDDporous electrode with five layers. Moreover, on porous electrodes, enhanced selectivity for dopamine detection in the presence of ascorbic acid and uric acid was demonstrated. The application of poly-l-lysine coating on porous electrode surface resulted in a decrease in dopamine peak currents by 17% and 60% for modification times of 1 h and 15 h, respectively. Hence, both examined parameters, the number of deposited porous layers and the presence of poly-l-lysine coating, were proved to considerably affect the characteristics and performance of BDDporous electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Baluchová
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic; FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Mariola Brycht
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Tamka 12, 91-403, Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrew Taylor
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Vincent Mortet
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic; Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sítná Sq. 3105, 272 01, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krůšek
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Dittert
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Sedláková
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Klimša
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Kopeček
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Schwarzová-Pecková
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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14
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Chen B, Perry D, Teahan J, McPherson IJ, Edmondson J, Kang M, Valavanis D, Frenguelli BG, Unwin PR. Artificial Synapse: Spatiotemporal Heterogeneities in Dopamine Electrochemistry at a Carbon Fiber Ultramicroelectrode. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2021; 1:6-10. [PMID: 36785735 PMCID: PMC9836071 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.1c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
An artificial synapse is developed that mimics ultramicroelectrode (UME) amperometric detection of single cell exocytosis. It comprises the nanopipette of a scanning ion conductance microscope (SICM), which delivers rapid pulses of neurotransmitter (dopamine) locally and on demand at >1000 defined locations of a carbon fiber (CF) UME in each experiment. Analysis of the resulting UME current-space-time data reveals spatiotemporal heterogeneous electrode activity on the nanoscale and submillisecond time scale for dopamine electrooxidation at typical UME detection potentials. Through complementary surface charge mapping and finite element method (FEM) simulations, these previously unseen variations in electrochemical activity are related to heterogeneities in the surface chemistry of the CF UME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David Perry
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - James Teahan
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - James Edmondson
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios Valavanis
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno G. Frenguelli
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Analytical
Science Centre for Doctoral
Training, and School of Life Sciences, University of
Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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15
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Duraffourg N, Leprince M, Crouzy S, Hamelin O, Usson Y, Signor L, Cavazza C, Forge V, Albertin L. Hybrid Amyloid-Based Redox Hydrogel for Bioelectrocatalytic H 2 Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14488-14497. [PMID: 33871139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An artificial amyloid-based redox hydrogel was designed for mediating electron transfer between a [NiFeSe] hydrogenase and an electrode. Starting from a mutated prion-forming domain of fungal protein HET-s, a hybrid redox protein containing a single benzyl methyl viologen moiety was synthesized. This protein was able to self-assemble into structurally homogenous nanofibrils. Molecular modeling confirmed that the redox groups are aligned along the fibril axis and are tethered to its core by a long, flexible polypeptide chain that allows close encounters between the fibril-bound oxidized or reduced redox groups. Redox hydrogel films capable of immobilizing the hydrogenase under mild conditions at the surface of carbon electrodes were obtained by a simple pH jump. In this way, bioelectrodes for the electrocatalytic oxidation of H2 were fabricated that afforded catalytic current densities of up to 270 μA cm-2 , with an overpotential of 0.33 V, under quiescent conditions at 45 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Duraffourg
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Leprince
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Serge Crouzy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Hamelin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yves Usson
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Signor
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, IBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Cavazza
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Forge
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Albertin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000, Grenoble, France
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16
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Duraffourg N, Leprince M, Crouzy S, Hamelin O, Usson Y, Signor L, Cavazza C, Forge V, Albertin L. Hybrid Amyloid‐Based Redox Hydrogel for Bioelectrocatalytic H
2
Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Duraffourg
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CEA IRIG Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Maxime Leprince
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CEA IRIG Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Serge Crouzy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CEA IRIG Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Olivier Hamelin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CEA IRIG Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Yves Usson
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes) TIMC-IMAG 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Luca Signor
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CEA CNRS IRIG IBS 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Christine Cavazza
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CEA IRIG Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Vincent Forge
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CEA IRIG Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Luca Albertin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS CEA IRIG Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux 38000 Grenoble France
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17
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Xu Y, Meng Z, Meng Y, Li X, Xiao D. Lithium cobalt phosphate electrode for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and serum uric acid by differential pulse voltammetry. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:190. [PMID: 33991256 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lithium cobalt phosphate (LCP) was prepared and modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate the electrochemical sensor (LCP/GCE) for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and serum uric acid (UA). The homogenous incorporation of carbon improved the conductivity of LCP. Benefiting from the small particle size distribution, LCP/GCE has a large active surface and responds to AA, DA, and UA sensitively and rapidly. For the simultaneous detection with differential pulse voltammetry the anodic peaks of AA, DA, and UA were well-separated and appeared at ~0 V, ~0.19 V, and ~ 0.33 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively. The linear responses toward AA, DA, and UA were in the range 10 μM-8.0 mM, 10 nM-10 μM, and 0.020 μM-25 μM; the detection limits were estimated to be 8.10 μM, 7.50 nM, and 22.7 nM (S/N = 3), respectively. The excellent selectivity and reproducibility of LCP/GCE enable serum UA to be detected without the interference of AA and DA. The recoveries of DA and AA in the serum sample were in the range 95 to 111%. The results indicate that LCP has the potential to be developed as the sensing devices to be applied to in vitro diagnosis. The lithium-ion battery cathodic material, LCP with the excellent adsorption and catalytic behavior, was utilized to fabricate the electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and simultaneous detection of AA, DA, and UA, which achieved the low detection limits and the wide concentration ranges. LCP/GCE can be used for the quantitative detection of serum UA without the interference of DA and AA. In addition, the recoveries of DA and AA in human serum were satisfactory, which illustrate the reliability of LCP/GCE to be applied to in vitro diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxue Xu
- Institute of Advanced Study, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zirui Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Meng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Institute of Advanced Study, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Institute of Advanced Study, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Kava AA, Henry CS. Exploring carbon particle type and plasma treatment to improve electrochemical properties of stencil-printed carbon electrodes. Talanta 2021; 221:121553. [PMID: 33076109 PMCID: PMC7575823 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stencil-printing conductive carbon inks has revolutionized the development of inexpensive, disposable and portable electrochemical sensors. However, stencil-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) typically suffer from poor electrochemical properties. While many surface pretreatments and modifications have been tested to improve the electrochemical activity of SPCEs, the bulk composition of the inks used for printing has been largely ignored. Recent studies of other carbon composite electrode materials show significant evidence that the conductive carbon particle component is strongly related to electrochemical performance. However, such a study has not been carried out with SPCEs. In this work, we perform a systematic characterization of SPCEs made with different carbon particle types including graphite particles, glassy carbon microparticles and carbon black. The relationship between carbon particle characteristics including particle size, particle purity, and particle morphology as well as particle mass loading on the fabrication and electrochemical properties of SPCEs is studied. SPCEs were plasma treated for surface activation and the electrochemical properties of both untreated and plasma treated SPCEs are also compared. SPCEs displayed distinct analytical utilities characterized through solvent window and double layer capacitance. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) of several standard redox probes, FcTMA+, ferri/ferrocyanide, and pAP was used to establish the effects of carbon particle type and plasma treatment on electron transfer kinetics of SPCEs. CV of the biologically relevant molecules uric acid, NADH and dopamine was employed to further illustrate the differences in sensing and fouling characteristics of SPCEs fabricated with different carbon particle types. SEM imaging revealed significant differences in the SPCE surface microstructures. This systematic study demonstrates that the electrochemical properties of SPCEs can be tuned and significantly improved through careful selection of carbon particle type and plasma cleaning with a goal toward the development of better performing electrochemical point-of-need sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa A Kava
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States.
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19
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Heard DM, Lennox AJJ. Electrode Materials in Modern Organic Electrochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18866-18884. [PMID: 32633073 PMCID: PMC7589451 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The choice of electrode material is critical for achieving optimal yields and selectivity in synthetic organic electrochemistry. The material imparts significant influence on the kinetics and thermodynamics of electron transfer, and frequently defines the success or failure of a transformation. Electrode processes are complex and so the choice of a material is often empirical and the underlying mechanisms and rationale for success are unknown. In this review, we aim to highlight recent instances of electrode choice where rationale is offered, which should aid future reaction development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Heard
- University of BristolSchool of ChemistryCantocks CloseBristol, AvonBS8 1TSUK
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20
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Brycht M, Baluchová S, Taylor A, Mortet V, Sedláková S, Klimša L, Kopeček J, Schwarzová-Pecková K. Comparison of electrochemical performance of various boron-doped diamond electrodes: Dopamine sensing in biomimicking media used for cell cultivation. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 137:107646. [PMID: 32957020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemically inert and biocompatible boron-doped diamond (BDD) has been successfully used in neuroscience for sensitive neurochemicals sensing and/or as a growth substrate for neurons. In this study, several types of BDD differing in (i) fabrication route, i.e. conventional microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (MW-PECVD) reactor vs. MW-PECVD with linear antenna delivery system, (ii) morphology, i.e. planar vs. porous BDD, and (iii) surface treatment, i.e. H-terminated (H-BDDs) vs. O-terminated (O-BDDs), were characterized from a morphological, structural, and electrochemical point of view. Further, planar and porous BDD-based electrodes were tested for sensing of dopamine in common biomimicking environments of pH 7.4, namely phosphate buffer (PB) and HEPES buffered saline (HBS). In HBS, potential windows are narrowed due to electrooxidation of its buffering component (i.e. HEPES), however, dopamine sensing in HBS is possible. H-BDDs (both planar and porous) outperformed O-BDDs as they provided clearer dopamine signals with higher peak currents. As expected, due to its enlarged surface area and increased sp2 content, the highest sensitivity and lowest detection limits of 8 × 10-8 mol L-1 and 6 × 10-8 mol L-1 in PB and HBS media, respectively, were achieved by square-wave voltammetry on porous H-BDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Brycht
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; University of Lodz, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
| | - Simona Baluchová
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew Taylor
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vincent Mortet
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic; Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sítná Sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Sedláková
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Klimša
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Kopeček
- FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Schwarzová-Pecková
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Heard
- University of Bristol School of Chemistry Cantocks Close Bristol, Avon BS8 1TS UK
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22
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Lei Y, Butler D, Lucking MC, Zhang F, Xia T, Fujisawa K, Granzier-Nakajima T, Cruz-Silva R, Endo M, Terrones H, Terrones M, Ebrahimi A. Single-atom doping of MoS 2 with manganese enables ultrasensitive detection of dopamine: Experimental and computational approach. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc4250. [PMID: 32821846 PMCID: PMC7413726 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc4250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) emerged as a promising platform to construct sensitive biosensors. We report an ultrasensitive electrochemical dopamine sensor based on manganese-doped MoS2 synthesized via a scalable two-step approach (with Mn ~2.15 atomic %). Selective dopamine detection is achieved with a detection limit of 50 pM in buffer solution, 5 nM in 10% serum, and 50 nM in artificial sweat. Density functional theory calculations and scanning transmission electron microscopy show that two types of Mn defects are dominant: Mn on top of a Mo atom (MntopMo) and Mn substituting a Mo atom (MnMo). At low dopamine concentrations, physisorption on MnMo dominates. At higher concentrations, dopamine chemisorbs on MntopMo, which is consistent with calculations of the dopamine binding energy (2.91 eV for MntopMo versus 0.65 eV for MnMo). Our results demonstrate that metal-doped layered materials, such as TMDs, constitute an emergent platform to construct ultrasensitive and tunable biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Derrick Butler
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Michael C. Lucking
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Fu Zhang
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Tunan Xia
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kazunori Fujisawa
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Tomotaroh Granzier-Nakajima
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Rodolfo Cruz-Silva
- Initiative for Supra-Materials and Global Aqua Innovation Center, Shinshu University, 4-17-1-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Morinobu Endo
- Initiative for Supra-Materials and Global Aqua Innovation Center, Shinshu University, 4-17-1-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Humberto Terrones
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Initiative for Supra-Materials and Global Aqua Innovation Center, Shinshu University, 4-17-1-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Aida Ebrahimi
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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23
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Terrero Rodríguez IM, Borrill AJ, Schaffer KJ, Hernandez JB, O’Neil GD. Light-Addressable Electrochemical Sensing with Electrodeposited n-Silicon/Gold Nanoparticle Schottky Junctions. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11444-11452. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina M. Terrero Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
| | - Alexandra J. Borrill
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Doctoral Training in Diamond Science and Technology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine J. Schaffer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
| | - Jocelyn B. Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
| | - Glen D. O’Neil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
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24
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Si Y, Zhang AY, Liu C, Pei DN, Yu HQ. Stable Electrochemical Determination of Dopamine by a Fluorine-Terminated {001}-Exposed TiO 2 Single Crystal Sensor. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9629-9639. [PMID: 32605362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical oxidation is able to effectively regenerate the fouled electrode in electrochemical pollutant monitoring, while its regeneration capacity is limited by the surface-bound hydroxyl radical speciation with low activity and mobility, which is attributed to the dissociated water adsorption on hydrophilic metal oxides. In this work, fluorine-terminated {001}-exposed TiO2 single crystals (F-TiO2) are rationally designed to construct an Au-based electrochemical sensor (Au/F-TiO2) for dopamine (DA) detection in different matrices. The Au/F-TiO2 sensor exhibits an efficient and stable detection capacity in both environmental and biological samples. A superior photochemical regeneration capacity is obtained on the Au/F-TiO2 electrode with much reduced matrix effects under UV irradiation. Spectral observation, crystallographic analysis, pollutant degradation performance, radical inhibition, and surface enhanced Raman scattering tests reveal that both the fluorine-terminated surface chemical features and the bulk-free radical speciation are mainly responsible for the superior photochemical regeneration capacity of the Au/F-TiO2 electrode. Even for the real biological samples, a stable electrochemical DA detection is also achieved on the Au/F-TiO2 sensor. Our work establishes a new approach to refine electrochemical sensors for stable monitoring and provides a robust photoactive electrode substrate with high efficiency and low cost for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Si
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Yong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.,Department of Municipal Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Ni Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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25
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Fischer J, González-Martín J, Lochyński P, Dejmková H, Schwarzová-Pecková K, Vega M. Voltammetric study of triazole antifungal agent terconazole on sp3 and sp2 carbon-based electrode materials. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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26
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Xu Y, Gao T, Liang Y, Xiao D. Intercalation Lithium Cobalt Oxide for the Facile Fabrication of a Sensitive Dopamine Sensor. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxue Xu
- College of Chemical EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Taotao Gao
- College of Chemical EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Yaming Liang
- College of Chemical EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Dan Xiao
- College of Chemical EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
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27
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Mendoza A, Asrat T, Liu F, Wonnenberg P, Zestos AG. Carbon Nanotube Yarn Microelectrodes Promote High Temporal Measurements of Serotonin Using Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1173. [PMID: 32093345 PMCID: PMC7070315 DOI: 10.3390/s20041173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbon fiber-microelectrodes (CFMEs) have been the standard for neurotransmitter detection for over forty years. However, in recent years, there have been many advances of utilizing alternative nanomaterials for neurotransmitter detection with fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). Recently, carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns have been developed as the working electrode materials for neurotransmitter sensing capabilities with fast scan cyclic voltammetry. Carbon nanotubes are ideal for neurotransmitter detection because they have higher aspect ratios enabling monoamine adsorption and lower limits of detection, faster electron transfer kinetics, and a resistance to surface fouling. Several methods to modify CFMEs with CNTs have resulted in increases in sensitivity, but have also increased noise and led to irreproducible results. In this study, we utilize commercially available CNT-yarns to make microelectrodes as enhanced neurotransmitter sensors for neurotransmitters such as serotonin. CNT-yarn microelectrodes have significantly higher sensitivities (peak oxidative currents of the cyclic voltammograms) than CFMEs and faster electron transfer kinetics as measured by peak separation (ΔEP) values. Moreover, both serotonin and dopamine are adsorption controlled to the surface of the electrode as measured by scan rate and concentration experiments. CNT yarn microelectrodes also resisted surface fouling of serotonin onto the surface of the electrode over thirty minutes and had a wave application frequency independent response to sensitivity at the surface of the electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alexander G. Zestos
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA; (A.M.); (T.A.); (F.L.); (P.W.)
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28
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Demirkan B, Bozkurt S, Cellat K, Arıkan K, Yılmaz M, Şavk A, Çalımlı MH, Nas MS, Atalar MN, Alma MH, Sen F. Palladium supported on polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles for simultaneous biosensing application of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2946. [PMID: 32076064 PMCID: PMC7031288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report a facile and effective production process of palladium nanoparticles supported on polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide (rGO/Pd@PPy NPs). A novel electrochemical sensor was fabricated by incorporation of the prepared NPs onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The electrodes modified with rGO/Pd@PPy NPs were well decorated on the GCE and exhibited superior catalytic activity and conductivity for the detection of these molecules with higher current and oxidation peak intensities. Simultaneous detection of these molecules was achieved due to the high selectivity and sensitivity of rGO/Pd@PPy NPs. For each biomolecule, well-separated voltammetric peaks were obtained at the modified electrode in cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements. Additionally, the detection of these molecules was performed in blood serum samples with satisfying results. The detection limits and calibration curves for AA, DA, and UA were found to be 4.9 × 10-8, 5.6 × 10-8, 4.7 × 10-8 M (S/N = 3) and ranging from 1 × 10-3 to 1.5 × 10-2 M (in 0.1 M PBS, pH 3.0), respectively. Hereby, the fabricated rGO/Pd@PPy NPs can be used with high reproducibility, selectivity, and catalytic activity for the development of electrochemical applications for the simultaneous detection of these biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buse Demirkan
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Sait Bozkurt
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Kemal Cellat
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Arıkan
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yılmaz
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Aysun Şavk
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Harbi Çalımlı
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey.,Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Igdir, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Nas
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey.,Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Igdir, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Nuri Atalar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Igdir, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hakkı Alma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Igdir, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Sen
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupinar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey.
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29
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Annalakshmi M, Kumaravel S, Chen SM, Chen TW. FeMn layered double hydroxides: an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for real-time tracking of cysteine in whole blood and dopamine in biological samples. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8249-8260. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A peculiar clock-regulated design of FeMn-LDHs (FMH) with specific physiochemical attributes has been developed and used for highly sensitive detection of cysteine (CySH) and dopamine (DA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthaiah Annalakshmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Republic of China
| | - Sakthivel Kumaravel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Republic of China
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
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30
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Zoric MR, Singh V, Warren S, Plunkett S, Khatmullin RR, Chaplin BP, Glusac KD. Electron Transfer Kinetics at Graphene Quantum Dot Assembly Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46303-46310. [PMID: 31729857 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical performance of nanostructured carbon electrodes was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and a simple simulation model. The electrodes were prepared from soluble precursors by anodic electrodeposition of two sizes of graphene quantum dot assemblies (hexabenzocoronene (HBC) and carbon quantum dot (CQD)) onto a conductive support. Experimental and simulated voltammograms enabled the extraction of the following electrode parameters: conductivity of the electrodes (a combination of ionic and electronic contributions), density of available electrode states at different potentials, and tunneling rate constant (Marcus-Gerischer model) for interfacial charge transfer to ferrocene/ferrocenium (Fc/Fc+) couple. The parameters indicate that HBC and CQD have significant density of electronic states at potentials more positive than -0.5 V versus Ag/Ag+. Enabled by these large densities, the electron transfer rates at the Fc/Fc+ thermodynamic potential are several orders of magnitude slower than those commonly observed on other carbon electrodes. This study is expected to accelerate the discovery of improved synthetic carbon electrodes by providing fast screening methodology of their electrochemical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija R Zoric
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Varun Singh
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Sean Warren
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 311 Ferst Drive Northwest , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Samuel Plunkett
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , 945 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Renat R Khatmullin
- Department of Natural Sciences , Middle Georgia State University , 100 University Parkway , Macon , Georgia 31206 , United States
| | - Brian P Chaplin
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , 945 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Ksenija D Glusac
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
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31
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Perebikovsky A, Hwu AT, Yale AR, Ghazinejad M, Madou M. Nanofibrous Carbon Multifunctional Smart Scaffolds for Simultaneous Cell Differentiation and Dopamine Detection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:225-234. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Perebikovsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Alexander T. Hwu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 916 Engineering Tower, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Andrew R. Yale
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, B240 Med Sci, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Maziar Ghazinejad
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 041, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Marc Madou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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32
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Cao Q, Hensley DK, Lavrik NV, Venton BJ. Carbon nanospikes have better electrochemical properties than carbon nanotubes due to greater surface roughness and defect sites. CARBON 2019; 155:250-257. [PMID: 31588146 PMCID: PMC6777722 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials are used to improve electrodes for neurotransmitter detection, but what properties are important for maximizing those effects? In this work, we compare a newer form of graphene, carbon nanospikes (CNSs), with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown on wires and carbon fibers (CFs). CNS electrodes have a short, dense, defect-filled surface that produces remarkable electrochemical properties, much better than CNTs or CFs. The CNS surface roughness is 5.5 times greater than glassy carbon, while CNTs enhance roughness only 1.8-fold. D/G ratios are higher for CNS electrodes than CNT electrodes, an indication of more defect sites. For cyclic voltammetry of dopamine and ferricyanide, CNSs have both higher currents and smaller ΔEp values than CNTs and CFs. CNS electrodes also have a very low resistance to charge transfer. With fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), CNS electrodes have enhanced current density for dopamine and cationic neurotransmitters due to increased adsorption to edge plane sites. This study establishes that not all carbon nanomaterials are equally advantageous for dopamine electrochemistry, but that short, dense nanomaterials that add defect sites provide improved current and electron transfer. CNSs are simple to mass fabricate on a variety of substrates and thus could be a favorable material for neurotransmitter sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901
| | - Dale K. Hensley
- Center for Nanophase Material Science, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - Nickolay V. Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase Material Science, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - B. Jill Venton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901
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33
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Baluchová S, Taylor A, Mortet V, Sedláková S, Klimša L, Kopeček J, Hák O, Schwarzová-Pecková K. Porous boron doped diamond for dopamine sensing: Effect of boron doping level on morphology and electrochemical performance. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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34
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Baluchová S, Daňhel A, Dejmková H, Ostatná V, Fojta M, Schwarzová-Pecková K. Recent progress in the applications of boron doped diamond electrodes in electroanalysis of organic compounds and biomolecules – A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1077:30-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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35
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Song J, Wang L, Qi H, Qi H, Zhang C. Highly selective electrochemical method for the detection of serotonin at carbon fiber microelectrode modified with gold nanoflowers and overoxidized polypyrrole. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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36
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Martín-Yerga D, Costa-García A, Unwin PR. Correlative Voltammetric Microscopy: Structure-Activity Relationships in the Microscopic Electrochemical Behavior of Screen Printed Carbon Electrodes. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2173-2180. [PMID: 31353890 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) are widely used for electrochemical sensors. However, little is known about their electrochemical behavior at the microscopic level. In this work, we use voltammetric scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM), with dual-channel probes, to determine the microscopic factors governing the electrochemical response of SPCEs. SECCM cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements are performed directly in hundreds of different locations of SPCEs, with high spatial resolution, using a submicrometer sized probe. Further, the localized electrode activity is spatially correlated to colocated surface structure information from scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy. This approach is applied to two model electrochemical processes: hexaammineruthenium(III/II) ([Ru(NH3)6]3+/2+), a well-known outer-sphere redox couple, and dopamine (DA), which undergoes a more complex electron-proton coupled electro-oxidation, with complications from adsorption of both DA and side-products. The electrochemical reduction of [Ru(NH3)6]3+ proceeds fairly uniformly across the surface of SPCEs on the submicrometer scale. In contrast, DA electro-oxidation shows a strong dependence on the microstructure of the SPCE. By studying this process at different concentrations of DA, the relative contributions of (i) intrinsic electrode kinetics and (ii) adsorption of DA are elucidated in detail, as a function of local electrode character and surface structure. These studies provide major new insights on the electrochemical activity of SPCEs and further position voltammetric SECCM as a powerful technique for the electrochemical imaging of complex, heterogeneous, and topographically rough electrode surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martín-Yerga
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Agustín Costa-García
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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37
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Li P, Ge M, Cao C, Lin D, Yang L. High-affinity Fe 3O 4/Au probe with synergetic effect of surface plasmon resonance and charge transfer enabling improved SERS sensing of dopamine in biofluids. Analyst 2019; 144:4526-4533. [PMID: 31243397 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00665f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Development of analytical methods allowing sensitive detection of neurotransmitters in various biofluids is vital. However, limitations of these methods include interference of impurities and stringent requirements concerning sample purity. In the current work, we developed a strategy for the rapid and sensitive analysis of dopamine (DA) in various biofluids with a smart surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) probe composed of magnetite Fe3O4 and Au nanoparticles (Fe3O4/Au NPs). Besides the simple and quick separation of DA from the specimen, Fe3O4 not only enabled a specific chemical interaction with DA molecules, but also acted as a SERS substrate capable of electromagnetically enhancing the Raman signal of DA. Therefore, the Fe3O4/Au NP composite with its coexisting electric-field effect and charger transfer (CT) enhancement was found to be beneficial for capturing the target molecules in biological environments and then enhancing the DA sensitivity. To understand the strong binding interaction between Fe3O4/Au and DA, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was carried out, specifically to illuminate the chemical adsorption or possible CT complex. Moreover, a rapid purification strategy for further separating DA from serum was developed, and thus a high nanometer-level sensitivity was achieved. In addition, the feasibility of using Fe3O4/Au combined with the developed purification method was also verified using various tissue homogenates spiked with DA molecules. Such a nanocomposite can offer the possibility of efficiently separating DA from the complex specimen and then providing the sensitive detection of DA for various tissues. Accordingly, the smart SERS Fe3O4/Au nanocomposite probe, with its advantages of simple pre-treatment and synergetic enhanced mechanisms, shows great promise for the rapid and sensitive detection of DA in complicated specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Center of medical physics and technology, Hefei institutes of physical science, CAS, Hefei 230021, China. and Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, PR China
| | - Meihong Ge
- Center of medical physics and technology, Hefei institutes of physical science, CAS, Hefei 230021, China. and University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Chentai Cao
- Center of medical physics and technology, Hefei institutes of physical science, CAS, Hefei 230021, China. and University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Dongyue Lin
- Center of medical physics and technology, Hefei institutes of physical science, CAS, Hefei 230021, China.
| | - Liangbao Yang
- Center of medical physics and technology, Hefei institutes of physical science, CAS, Hefei 230021, China. and Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, PR China
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38
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Thamilselvan A, Manivel P, Rajagopal V, Nesakumar N, Suryanarayanan V. Improved electrocatalytic activity of Au@Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles for sensitive dopamine detection. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 180:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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39
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Chen B, Perry D, Page A, Kang M, Unwin PR. Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy: Quantitative Nanopipette Delivery-Substrate Electrode Collection Measurements and Mapping. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2516-2524. [PMID: 30608117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is becoming a powerful multifunctional tool for probing and analyzing surfaces and interfaces. This work outlines methodology for the quantitative controlled delivery of ionic redox-active molecules from a nanopipette to a substrate electrode, with a high degree of spatial and temporal precision. Through control of the SICM bias applied between a quasi-reference counter electrode (QRCE) in the SICM nanopipette probe and a similar electrode in bulk solution, it is shown that ionic redox species can be held inside the nanopipette, and then pulse-delivered to a defined region of a substrate positioned beneath the nanopipette. A self-referencing hopping mode imaging protocol is implemented, where reagent is released in bulk solution (reference measurement) and near the substrate surface at each pixel in an image, with the tip and substrate currents measured throughout. Analysis of the tip and substrate current data provides an improved understanding of mass transport and nanoscale delivery in SICM and a new means of synchronously mapping electrode reactivity, surface topography, and charge. Experiments on Ru(NH3)63+ reduction to Ru(NH3)62+ and dopamine oxidation in aqueous solution at a carbon fiber ultramicroelectrode (UME), used as the substrate, illustrate these aspects. Finite element method (FEM) modeling provides quantitative understanding of molecular delivery in SICM. The approach outlined constitutes a new methodology for electrode mapping and provides improved insights on the use of SICM for controlled delivery to interfaces generally.
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40
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Chang AY, Dutta G, Siddiqui S, Arumugam PU. Surface Fouling of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microelectrodes during Dopamine Detection: Improving Lifetime via Electrochemical Cycling. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:313-322. [PMID: 30285418 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report the electrochemical response of a boron-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (BDUNCD) microelectrode during long-term dopamine (DA) detection. Specifically, changes to its electrochemical activity and electroactive area due to DA byproducts and surface oxidation are studied via scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and silver deposition imaging (SDI). The fouling studies with amperometry (AM) and fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) methods suggest that the microelectrodes are heavily fouled due to poor DA-dopamine- o-quinone cyclization rates followed by a combination of polymer formation and major changes in their surface chemistry. SDI data confirms the presence of the insulating polymer with sparsely distributed tiny electroactive regions. This resulted in severely distorted DA signals and a 90% loss in signal starting as early as 3 h for AM and a 56% loss at 6.5 h for FSCV. This underscores the need for cleaning of the fouled microelectrodes if they have to be used long-term. Out of the three in vivo suitable electrochemical cycling cleaning waveforms investigated, the standard waveform (-0.4 V to +1.0 V) provides the best cleaned surface with a fully retained voltammogram shape, no hysteresis, no DA signal loss (a 90 ± 0.72 nA increase), and the smallest charge transfer resistance value of 0.4 ± 0.02 MΩ even after 6.5 h of monitoring. Most importantly, this is the same waveform that is widely used for in vivo detection with carbon fiber microelectrodes. Future work to test these microelectrodes for more than 24 h of DA detection is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Yi Chang
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, 911 Hergot Avenue, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United States
| | - Gaurab Dutta
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, 911 Hergot Avenue, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United States
| | - Shabnam Siddiqui
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, 911 Hergot Avenue, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United States
| | - Prabhu U. Arumugam
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, 911 Hergot Avenue, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, United States
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41
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Noviana E, Klunder KJ, Channon RB, Henry CS. Thermoplastic Electrode Arrays in Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Devices. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2431-2438. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kevin J. Klunder
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Robert B. Channon
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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42
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Yang N, Yu S, Macpherson JV, Einaga Y, Zhao H, Zhao G, Swain GM, Jiang X. Conductive diamond: synthesis, properties, and electrochemical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:157-204. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00757d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes systematically the growth, properties, and electrochemical applications of conductive diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianjun Yang
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
| | - Siyu Yu
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
| | | | - Yasuaki Einaga
- Department of Chemistry
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Hongying Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | | | - Xin Jiang
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
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43
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Yates NDJ, Fascione MA, Parkin A. Methodologies for "Wiring" Redox Proteins/Enzymes to Electrode Surfaces. Chemistry 2018; 24:12164-12182. [PMID: 29637638 PMCID: PMC6120495 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of redox proteins or enzymes onto conductive surfaces has application in the analysis of biological processes, the fabrication of biosensors, and in the development of green technologies and biochemical synthetic approaches. This review evaluates the methods through which redox proteins can be attached to electrode surfaces in a "wired" configuration, that is, one that facilitates direct electron transfer. The feasibility of simple electroactive adsorption onto a range of electrode surfaces is illustrated, with a highlight on the recent advances that have been achieved in biotechnological device construction using carbon materials and metal oxides. The covalent crosslinking strategies commonly used for the modification and biofunctionalization of electrode surfaces are also evaluated. Recent innovations in harnessing chemical biology methods for electrically wiring redox biology to surfaces are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alison Parkin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslington RoadYorkYO10 5DDUK
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Carbon Nanoelectrodes for the Electrochemical Detection of Neurotransmitters. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2018; 2018. [PMID: 34306762 PMCID: PMC8301601 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3679627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based electrodes have been developed for the detection of neurotransmitters over the past 30 years using voltammetry and amperometry. The traditional electrode for neurotransmitter detection is the carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME). The carbon-based electrode is suitable for in vivo neurotransmitter detection due to the fact that it is biocompatible and relatively small in surface area. The advent of nanoscale electrodes is in high demand due to smaller surface areas required to target specific brain regions that are also minimally invasive and cause relatively low tissue damage when implanted into living organisms. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers, carbon nanospikes, and carbon nanopetals among others have all been utilized for this purpose. Novel electrode materials have also required novel insulations such as glass, epoxy, and polyimide coated fused silica capillaries for their construction and usage. Recent research developments have yielded a wide array of carbon nanoelectrodes with superior properties and performances in comparison to traditional electrode materials. These electrodes have thoroughly enhanced neurotransmitter detection allowing for the sensing of biological compounds at lower limits of detection, fast temporal resolution, and without surface fouling. This will allow for greater understanding of several neurological disease states based on the detection of neurotransmitters.
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Vulcu A, Biris AR, Borodi G, Berghian-Grosan C. Interference of ascorbic and uric acids on dopamine behavior at graphene composite surface: An electrochemical, spectroscopic and theoretical approach. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Baluchová S, Barek J, Tomé LI, Brett CM, Schwarzová-Pecková K. Vanillylmandelic and Homovanillic acid: Electroanalysis at non-modified and polymer-modified carbon-based electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wilson TA, Musameh M, Kyratzis IL, Zhang J, Bond AM, Hearn MTW. Variation of Carbon Based Materials on the Electropolymerization of Tyramine. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Wilson
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing; Clayton VIC 3168 Australia
| | | | | | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Alan M. Bond
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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48
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Álvarez-Martos I, Ferapontova EE. Electrocatalytic Discrimination between Dopamine and Norepinephrine at Graphite and Basal Plane HOPG Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Álvarez-Martos
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Gustav Wieds Vej 14 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Elena E. Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Gustav Wieds Vej 14 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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Álvarez-Martos I, Ferapontova EE. “Negative electrocatalysis”-based specific analysis of dopamine at basal plane HOPG in the presence of structurally related catecholamines. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Fazio E, Spadaro S, Bonsignore M, Lavanya N, Sekar C, Leonardi S, Neri G, Neri F. Molybdenum oxide nanoparticles for the sensitive and selective detection of dopamine. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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