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Yin S, Siahaan EA, Niu L, Shibata M, Liu Y, Hagiwara T. Real time monitoring and evaluation of the inhibition effect of fucoxanthin against α-amylase activity by using QCM-A. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1110615. [PMID: 36712503 PMCID: PMC9877462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1110615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The main symptoms of diabetes are hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The inhibition of the starch digestion enzymes could effectively regulate starch digestion and glucose absorption, thereby slowing or treating the symptoms of postprandial hyperglycemia. Herein, we used fucoxanthin isolated from Undaria pinnatifida stems, as α-amylase inhibitor, and monitored the interactions of both biomolecules by using quartz crystal microbalance-admittance (QCM-A) instrument. All the processes of α-amylase hydrolysis of starch were also dynamically tracked by using amylose-immobilized QCM technology. In our work, we found that the kinetic parameter (k off, k on, and k cat) values obtained by the QCM-A analysis were relatively consistent compared to the kinetic parameter values obtained by the conventional Michaelis-Menten analysis. For the inhibitory reactions, the results showed that fucoxanthin significantly reduced the activity of α-amylase in a dose-dependent manner. The QCM-A technology shown to be an excellent approach in obtaining comprehensive and accurate kinetic parameters, thereby providing real and accurate data for kinetic studies. It is helpful to clarify the mechanism of action of fucoxanthin on α-amylase, which further proved the potential of fucoxanthin to improve and treat postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China,Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Shipeng Yin,
| | - Evi Amelia Siahaan
- Research Centre for Marine and Land Bioindustry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Liqiong Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mario Shibata
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tomoaki Hagiwara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,Tomoaki Hagiwara,
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2
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Activation of enzymatically produced chitooligosaccharides by dioxyamines and dihydrazides. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 232:115748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Smith J, Mittermayr S, Váradi C, Bones J. Quantitative glycomics using liquid phase separations coupled to mass spectrometry. Analyst 2018; 142:700-720. [PMID: 28170017 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02715f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins by the attachment of glycans is governed by a variety of highly specific enzymes and is associated with fundamental impacts on the parent protein's physical, chemical and biological properties. The inherent connection between cellular physiology and specific glycosylation patterns has been shown to offer potential for diagnostic and prognostic monitoring of altered glycosylation in the disease state. Conversely, glycoprotein based biopharmaceuticals have emerged as dominant therapeutic strategies in the treatment of intricate diseases. Glycosylation present on these biopharmaceuticals represents a major critical quality attribute with impacts on both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The structural variety of glycans, based upon their non-template driven assembly, poses a significant analytical challenge for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Labile monosaccharide constituents, isomeric species and often low sample availability from biological sources necessitates meticulous sample handling, ultra-high-resolution analytical separation and sensitive detection techniques, respectively. In this article a critical review of analytical quantitation approaches using liquid phase separations coupled to mass spectrometry for released glycans of biopharmaceutical and biomedical significance is presented. Considerations associated with sample derivatisation strategies, ionisation, relative quantitation through isotopic as well as isobaric labelling, metabolic/enzymatic incorporation and targeted analysis are all thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Smith
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland. and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Stefan Mittermayr
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland.
| | - Csaba Váradi
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland.
| | - Jonathan Bones
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland. and School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1 W8, Ireland
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Evaporative fluorophore labeling of carbohydrates via reductive amination. Talanta 2018; 185:365-369. [PMID: 29759213 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As analytical glycomics became to prominence, newer and more efficient sample preparation methods are being developed. Albeit, numerous reductive amination based carbohydrate labeling protocols have been reported in the literature, the preferred way to conduct the reaction is in closed vials. Here we report on a novel evaporative labeling protocol with the great advantage of continuously concentrating the reagents during the tagging reaction, therefore accommodating to reach the optimal reagent concentrations for a wide range of glycan structures in a complex mixture. The optimized conditions of the evaporative labeling process minimized sialylation loss, otherwise representing a major issue in reductive amination based carbohydrate tagging. In addition, complete and uniform dispersion of dry samples was obtained by supplementing the low volume labeling mixtures (several microliters) with the addition of extra solvent (e.g., THF). Evaporative labeling is an automation-friendly glycan labeling method, suitable for standard open 96 well plate format operation.
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Baudendistel OR, Wieland DE, Schmidt MS, Wittmann V. Real-Time NMR Studies of Oxyamine Ligations of Reducing Carbohydrates under Equilibrium Conditions. Chemistry 2016; 22:17359-17365. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver R. Baudendistel
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Daniel E. Wieland
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Magnus S. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Valentin Wittmann
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
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6
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Bank S, Heller E, Memmel E, Seibel J, Holzgrabe U, Kapková P. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry of N-glycans derivatized with isonicotinic hydrazide and its biotinylated form. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:1745-1756. [PMID: 24975255 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Successful structural characterization of glycans often requires derivatization prior to mass spectrometric analysis. Here we report on a new derivatization reagent for glycans, biotinylated isonicotinic hydrazide, allowing glycan analysis by both mass spectrometry (MS) and biochemically. Fragmentation behavior in MS and its use in structural elucidation were investigated and compared with other labels. METHODS Glycans, released from ribonuclease B and ovalbumin, were derivatized with hydrazine labels (isoniazid (INH), biotinylated isonicotinic hydrazide (BINH) and biotinamidocaproylhydrazide (BACH)). In addition, native counterparts and 2-aminobenzamide (2-AB) derivatives were prepared. Comparative matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight (MALDI TOF/TOF) experiments were carried out to investigate the fragmentation pattern of the derivatives. Finally, the capability of BINH derivatives to bind lectins was explored. RESULTS Generally, derivatization provided beneficial enhancement in the mass spectrometric signal intensity as compared to native counterparts. The mass spectrometric fragmentation varied with the kind of label used. The most significant structure-revealing ions (cross-ring cleavages) were observed in the spectra of BINH derivatives, whereas mainly glycosidic cleavages were found with native form of glycans and 2-AB derivatives. CONCLUSIONS Hydrazine derivatization provided the means to obtain structurally informative fragment ions. Due to BINH derivatization, specific fragments of the isomers allowed the identification of diverse glycans. The derivatization reaction can be carried out without the need for purification. The biotin residue of BINH enabled for biochemical studies, i.e. protein-glycan interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bank
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Shinohara Y, Furukawa JI. Surface plasmon resonance as a tool to characterize lectin-carbohydrate interactions. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1200:185-205. [PMID: 25117236 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1292-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) monitor changes in refractive index in the vicinity of a surface in a real-time manner, which allows rapid, label-free characterization of the interactions of various types of molecules, from quantitative measurements of binding kinetics, thermodynamics, and concentrations in complex samples to epitope analysis. This method is usually capable of analyzing affinities in the range of millimolar to picomolar and is sensitive (typically, the concentration range of the analyte is 0.1-100×Kd and the typical volumes needed are in the range of 50-150 μL). There are two major applications of SPR biosensors for the analysis of lectin-carbohydrate interactions: detailed characterization of the interaction (e.g., specificity, affinity, kinetics, stoichiometry) and screening of lectin and carbohydrate/glycoconjugate interactions for diagnosis, identification of endogenous ligands, or binding properties of interest. Care should be taken, since the interaction of lectin and carbohydrate on the solid phase is complicated by the nonhomogeneous conditions under which binding occurs. However, this may in fact mimic some biological conditions, such as those occurring in cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Shinohara
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan,
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Immobilized glycosylated Fmoc-amino acid for SPR: comparative studies of lectin-binding to linear or biantennary diLacNAc structures. Carbohydr Res 2013; 382:77-85. [PMID: 24211369 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A method to immobilize glycan-linked amino acids with protected α-amino groups, which are key intermediates to produce the desired neoglycoprotein, to a Biacore sensor chip was developed and its utility for interaction analyses was demonstrated. Two types of diN-acetyllactosamine (diLacNAc)-containing glycans, a core 2 hexasaccharide involving linear diLacNAc that is O-linked to N-(9-fluorenyl)methoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-Thr and a biantennary diLacNAc that is N-linked to Fmoc-Asn, were used as ligands. For immobilization, the free carboxyl groups of the amino acid residues were activated with EDC/NHS, then reacted with the ethylenediamine-derivatized carboxymethyldextran sensor chip to obtain the desired ligand concentrations. Interactions of the ligands with five plant lectins were analyzed by surface plasmon resonance, and the bindings were compared. The resonance unit of each lectin was corrected by subtracting that of the reference cell on which the Fmoc-Thr-core 1 or Fmoc-Asn was immobilized as a ligand. The carbohydrate specificities of interactions were verified by preincubating lectins with their respective inhibitory sugar before injection. By steady state analysis, the Lycopersicon esculentum lectin showed a 27-fold higher affinity to linear diLacNAc than to biantennary diLacNAc, while Datura stramonium and Solanum tuberosum lectins both showed low Ka,apps of 10(6)M(-1) for these two ligands. In contrast, Ricinus communis agglutinin-120 showed a 3.2-fold higher Ka,app to biantennary LacNAc than to linear diLacNAc. A lectin purified from Pleurocybella porrigens mushroom interacted at the high affinity of 10(8)M(-1) with both linear and biantennary diLacNAcs, which identified it as a unique probe. This method provides a useful and sensitive system to analyze interactions by simulating the glycans on the cell surface.
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SUZUKI S. Recent Developments in Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis for the Analysis of Glycoprotein Glycans. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:1117-28. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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11
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Rullo A, Beharry AA, Gómez-Biagi RF, Zhao X, Nitz M. Site-Selective Affinity Labelling of Maltose Binding Protein in Bacterial Cells. Chembiochem 2012; 13:783-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Abstract
Glycan microarrays are emerging as increasingly used screening tools with a high potential for unraveling protein-carbohydrate interactions: probing hundreds or even thousands of glycans in parallel, they provide the researcher with a vast amount of data in a short time-frame, while using relatively small amounts of analytes. Natural glycan microarrays focus on the glycans' repertoire of natural sources, including both well-defined structures as well as still-unknown ones. This article compares different natural glycan microarray strategies. Glycan probes may comprise oligosaccharides from glycoproteins as well as glycolipids and polysaccharides. Oligosaccharides may be purified from scarce biological samples that are of particular relevance for the carbohydrate-binding protein to be studied. We give an overview of strategies for glycan isolation, derivatization, fractionation, immobilization and structural characterization. Detection methods such as fluorescence analysis and surface plasmon resonance are summarized. The importance of glycan density and multivalency is discussed. Furthermore, some applications of natural glycan microarrays for studying lectin and antibody binding are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Lonardi
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Adak AK, Leonov AP, Ding N, Thundimadathil J, Kularatne S, Low PS, Wei A. Bishydrazide glycoconjugates for lectin recognition and capture of bacterial pathogens. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:2065-75. [PMID: 20925370 DOI: 10.1021/bc100288c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bishydrazides are versatile linkers for attaching glycans to substrates for lectin binding and pathogen detection schemes. The α,ω-bishydrazides of carboxymethylated hexa(ethylene glycol) (4) can be conjugated at one end to unprotected oligosaccharides, then attached onto carrier proteins, tethered onto activated carboxyl-terminated surfaces, or functionalized with a photoactive cross-linking agent for lithographic patterning. Glycoconjugates of bishydrazide 4 can also be converted into dithiocarbamates (DTCs) by treatment with CS(2) under mild conditions, for attachment onto gold substrates. The immobilized glycans serve as recognition elements for cell-surface lectins and enable the detection and capture of bacterial pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by their adsorption onto micropatterned substrates. A detection limit of 10³ cfu/mL is demonstrated, using a recently introduced method based on optical pattern recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Kumar Adak
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
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Ruhaak LR, Zauner G, Huhn C, Bruggink C, Deelder AM, Wuhrer M. Glycan labeling strategies and their use in identification and quantification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:3457-81. [PMID: 20225063 PMCID: PMC2911528 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Most methods for the analysis of oligosaccharides from biological sources require a glycan derivatization step: glycans may be derivatized to introduce a chromophore or fluorophore, facilitating detection after chromatographic or electrophoretic separation. Derivatization can also be applied to link charged or hydrophobic groups at the reducing end to enhance glycan separation and mass-spectrometric detection. Moreover, derivatization steps such as permethylation aim at stabilizing sialic acid residues, enhancing mass-spectrometric sensitivity, and supporting detailed structural characterization by (tandem) mass spectrometry. Finally, many glycan labels serve as a linker for oligosaccharide attachment to surfaces or carrier proteins, thereby allowing interaction studies with carbohydrate-binding proteins. In this review, various aspects of glycan labeling, separation, and detection strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. R. Ruhaak
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G. Zauner
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C. Huhn
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C. Bruggink
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A. M. Deelder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. Wuhrer
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zhou X, Turchi C, Wang D. Carbohydrate cluster microarrays fabricated on three-dimensional dendrimeric platforms for functional glycomics exploration. J Proteome Res 2010; 8:5031-40. [PMID: 19791771 DOI: 10.1021/pr900452s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We reported here a novel, ready-to-use bioarray platform and methodology for construction of sensitive carbohydrate cluster microarrays. This technology utilizes a three-dimensional (3-D) poly(amidoamine) starburst dendrimer monolayer assembled on glass surface, which is functionalized with terminal aminooxy and hydrazide groups for site-specific coupling of carbohydrates. A wide range of saccharides, including monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of diverse structures, are applicable for the 3-D bioarray platform without prior chemical derivatization. The process of carbohydrate coupling is effectively accelerated by microwave radiation energy. The carbohydrate concentration required for microarray fabrication is substantially reduced using this technology. Importantly, this bioarray platform presents sugar chains in defined orientation and cluster configurations. It is, thus, uniquely useful for exploration of the structural and conformational diversities of glyco-epitope and their functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichun Zhou
- ADA Technologies, Inc., 8100 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, Colorado 80127, USA.
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16
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Mori T, Toyoda M, Ohtsuka T, Okahata Y. Kinetic analyses for bindings of concanavalin A to dispersed and condensed mannose surfaces on a quartz crystal microbalance. Anal Biochem 2009; 395:211-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Kapková P. Mass spectrometric analysis of carbohydrates labeled with a biotinylated tag. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:2775-2784. [PMID: 19639610 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A derivatization method for mass spectrometric analysis of oligosaccharides is presented. Small saccharides, complex, high-mannose-type oligosaccharides and oligosaccharides released from hen ovalbumin were converted into their biotin derivatives by incubating them with biotinamidocaproyl hydrazide (BACH). Improved sensitivity of mass spectrometric analysis of labeled glycans in comparison with their natural counterparts was achieved after derivatization. The labeling reagent contains a biotin handle at one end and a hydrazide group at the other. Hence, the key feature of biotinylated sugars is that in addition to their usefulness in functional studies (e.g. analysis of the interaction between lectins and biotin-derivatized oligosaccharides) they might be utilized also for structural analysis of oligosaccharides. Mass spectrometric studies were performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kapková
- Department of Parmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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18
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Uematsu R, Shinohara Y, Nakagawa H, Kurogochi M, Furukawa JI, Miura Y, Akiyama M, Shimizu H, Nishimura SI. Glycosylation Specific for Adhesion Molecules in Epidermis and Its Receptor Revealed by Glycoform-focused Reverse Genomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 8:232-44. [DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800145-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Park S, Lee MR, Shin I. Construction of Carbohydrate Microarrays by Using One-Step, Direct Immobilizations of Diverse Unmodified Glycans on Solid Surfaces. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:155-62. [DOI: 10.1021/bc800442z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Myung-Ryul Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Laurent N, Voglmeir J, Flitsch SL. Glycoarrays--tools for determining protein-carbohydrate interactions and glycoenzyme specificity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4400-12. [PMID: 18802573 DOI: 10.1039/b806983m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate arrays (glycoarrays) have recently emerged as a high-throughput tool for studying carbohydrate-binding proteins and carbohydrate-processing enzymes. A number of sophisticated array platforms that allow for qualitative and quantitative analysis of carbohydrate binding and modification on the array surface have been developed, including analysis by fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. These platforms, together with examples of biologically-relevant applications are reviewed in this Feature Article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Laurent
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, UK M1 7DN
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21
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Chen GS, Pohl NL. Synthesis of Fluorous Tags for Incorporation of Reducing Sugars into a Quantitative Microarray Platform. Org Lett 2008; 10:785-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol702915e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Song Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the Plant Sciences Institute, Gilman Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - Nicola L. Pohl
- Department of Chemistry and the Plant Sciences Institute, Gilman Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
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22
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Furukawa JI, Shinohara Y, Kuramoto H, Miura Y, Shimaoka H, Kurogochi M, Nakano M, Nishimura SI. Comprehensive approach to structural and functional glycomics based on chemoselective glycoblotting and sequential tag conversion. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1094-101. [PMID: 18205388 DOI: 10.1021/ac702124d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Changes in protein glycosylation profoundly affect protein function. To understand these effects of altered protein glycosylation, we urgently need high-throughput technologies to analyze glycan expression and glycan-protein interactions. Methods are not available for amplification of glycans; therefore, highly efficient sample preparation is a major issue. Here we present a novel strategy that allows flexible and sequential incorporation of various functional tags into oligosaccharides derived from biological samples in a practical manner. When combined with a chemoselective glycoblotting platform, our analysis enables us to complete sample preparation (from serum to released, purified, methyl-esterified, and labeled glycans) in 8 h from multiple serum samples (up to 96 samples) using a 96-well microplate format and a standard de-N-glycosylation protocol that requires reductive alkylation and tryptic digestion prior to PNGase F digestion to ensure maximal de-N-glycosylation efficiency. Using this technique, we quantitatively detected more than 120 glycans on human carcinoembryonic antigens for the first time. This approach was further developed to include a streamlined method of purification, chromatographic fractionation, and immobilization onto a solid support for interaction analysis. Since our approach enables rapid, flexible, and highly efficient tag conversion, it will contribute greatly to a variety of glycomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Zeng X, Sun Y, Ye H, Liu J, Xiang X, Zhou B, Uzawa H. Effective chemoenzymatic synthesis of p-aminophenyl glycosides of sialyl N-acetyllactosaminide and analysis of their interactions with lectins. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1244-8. [PMID: 17407775 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A convenient chemoenzymatic procedure for the synthesis of p-aminophenyl glycosides of sialyl N-acetyllactosaminide has been developed from p-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as starting material through three steps: synthesis of p-nitrophenyl N-acetyllactosaminide with beta-D-galactosidase, chemical reduction of the p-nitrophenyl group, and sialylation with sialyltransferase. The p-aminophenyl glycosides were then successfully biotin-labeled through the coupling with N-(+)-biotinyl-6-aminohexanoic acid to afford biotinylated oligosaccharides with an aminohexanosyl group and phenyl group as the spacers between the biotin and glycan. Furthermore, the biotin-labeled sugars were shown to be useful for immobilization and assay of the carbohydrate-lectin interactions by an optical biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiong Zeng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China.
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24
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Ozeki T, Morita M, Yoshimine H, Furusawa H, Okahata Y. Hydration and Energy Dissipation Measurements of Biomolecules on a Piezoelectric Quartz Oscillator by Admittance Analyses. Anal Chem 2006; 79:79-88. [PMID: 17194124 DOI: 10.1021/ac060873x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
By using a 27-MHz piezoelectric quartz oscillator connected with a vector network analyzer, we obtained resonance frequency decreases (-DeltaFwater) and energy dissipation increases (DeltaDwater) during binding of biotinylated bovine serum albumin, biotinylated ssDNA, biotinylated dsDNA, and biotinylated pullulan to a NeutrAvidin-immobilized 27-MHz quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) plate in aqueous solution, as well as in the wet air phase (98% humidity, -DeltaFwet and DeltaDwet) and in the dry air phase (-DeltaFair and DeltaDair). -DeltaFwater indicates the total mass of the molecule, bound water, and vibrated water in aqueous solutions. -DeltaFwet indicates the total mass of the molecule and bound water. -DeltaFair simply shows the real mass of the molecule on the QCM. In terms of results, (-DeltaFwet)/(-DeltaFair) values indicated the bound water ratios per unit biomolecular mass were on the order of pullulan (2.1-2.2) > DNAs = proteins (1.4-1.6) > polystyrene (1.0). The (-DeltaFwater)/(-DeltaFair) values indicated the hydrodynamic water (bound and vibrated water) ratios per unit biomolecular mass were on the order of dsDNA (6.5) > ssDNA = pullulan (3.5-4.4) > proteins (2.4-2.5) > polystyrene (1.0). Energy dissipation parameters per unit mass in water (DeltaDwater/(-DeltaFair)) were on the order of pullulan > dsDNA > ssDNA > proteins > polystyrene. Energy dissipation in the wet and dry air phases (DeltaDwet and DeltaDair) were negligibly small, which indicates even these biomolecules act as elastic membranes in the air phase (without aqueous solution). We obtained a good linear relationship between [(-DeltaFwater)/(-DeltaFair) - 1], which is indicative of hydration and DeltaDwater/(-DeltaFair) of proteins. The aforementioned values suggest that the energy dissipation of proteins was mainly caused by hydration and that proteins themselves are elastic molecules without energy dissipation in aqueous solutions. On the contrary, plots in cases of denatured proteins, DNAs, and pullulans were relatively deviant toward the large hydration and energy dissipation from the theoretical line as perfect elastic materials, meaning that the large energy dissipation occurs because of viscoelastic properties of denatured proteins, linear DNAs, and pullulans in the water phase, in addition to energy dissipation due to the hydration of molecules. These two parameters could characterize various biomolecules with structural properties in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomitsu Ozeki
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Frontier Collaborative Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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25
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Lee MR, Shin I. Facile preparation of carbohydrate microarrays by site-specific, covalent immobilization of unmodified carbohydrates on hydrazide-coated glass slides. Org Lett 2006; 7:4269-72. [PMID: 16146404 DOI: 10.1021/ol051753z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A new, simple and efficient immobilization method to attach mono-, di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides to hydrazide-coated glass slides was developed. Protein and cell-binding experiments show that the carbohydrate microarrays prepared by this method are applicable for the rapid analysis of protein-carbohydrate interactions and fast detection of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Ryul Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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26
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Grün CH, van Vliet SJ, Schiphorst WECM, Bank CMC, Meyer S, van Die I, van Kooyk Y. One-step biotinylation procedure for carbohydrates to study carbohydrate–protein interactions. Anal Biochem 2006; 354:54-63. [PMID: 16713984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2006.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2006] [Revised: 03/29/2006] [Accepted: 03/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein-carbohydrate interactions play crucial roles in numerous biological processes. To study these interactions, we developed a simple and fast procedure for the biotinylation of carbohydrates based on reductive amination. The method allows complete and stable biotinylation of small quantities of oligosaccharides and includes a rapid and simple procedure to remove excess labeling reagent. After biotinylation, the structural and biological integrity of the glycans was intact as determined by HPLC, mass spectrometry, and a plant lectin assay. By using the human C-type lectin DC-SIGN (dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin), we demonstrate that the biotinylated glycans can be used in a glycan array to determine binding specificities of lectins. Moreover, we show that fluorescent beads coated with selected biotinylated glycans bind to DC-SIGN-expressing dendritic cells in vitro. Finally, by using biotinylated high-mannose N-glycans, we could visualize DC-SIGN-expressing cells in lymph node tissue. The availability of easy biotinylation methods for oligosaccharides such as those described here greatly facilitates the functional analysis of lectins. In addition, the biotinylated glycans will be great tools for investigating functional lectin receptors in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian H Grün
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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27
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Kameyama A, Kaneda Y, Yamanaka H, Yoshimine H, Narimatsu H, Shinohara Y. Detection of oligosaccharides labeled with cyanine dyes using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2006; 76:4537-42. [PMID: 15283599 DOI: 10.1021/ac049897z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity of oligosaccharides in mass spectrometry lags far behind that of peptides. This is a critical factor in realizing the high-throughput analysis of posttranslational modifications in proteomics. We here described that hydrazide derivatives of cyanine dyes (Cy3, Cy5) with a positive charge made excellent labeling reagents for the detection of oligosaccharides by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Cy3-labeled standard N-glycan could be detected at 200 amol on the MALDI target plate in reflectron mode without any purification procedures after the labeling reaction, which may meet the level of sensitivity required in proteome research. Despite the general recognition that the production of signals of oligosaccharides under MALDI conditions would be highly dependent on the matrix, most of the known N-glycans from chicken ovalbumin could be detected upon Cye derivatization nearly independent of the kind of matrix tested (e.g., nor-harman, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) without spoiling the signal strength. Postsource decay afforded simple spectra mainly consisting of Y-type fragment ions, thus simplifying the sequence analysis. In-source decay afforded a similar fragmentation pattern only when acidic matrixes were used. In addition, this derivatization technique was successfully applied to the profiling of N-glycans of gel-separated glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Kameyama
- Department of Research and Development, Amersham Biosciences K.K., 3-25-1 Hyakunincho, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 169-0073, Japan.
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28
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Hsu J, Chang SJ, Franz AH. MALDI-TOF and ESI-MS analysis of oligosaccharides labeled with a new multifunctional oligosaccharide tag. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2006; 17:194-204. [PMID: 16406228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2005.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Revised: 10/18/2005] [Accepted: 10/20/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A new multifunctional oligosaccharide label with a 1 degree amino-group was synthesized and characterized. The oligosaccharide label was introduced into several neutral oligosaccharides by reductive amination, and the derivatives were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) and by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. It was demonstrated that the labeling reaction was satisfactory, and that as little as 50 pmol of starting material could be efficiently labeled with minimal loss to side reactions. A mixture of high-mannose N-glycans released from ribonuclease B was labeled. The label did not appear to interfere with structural characterization of the oligosaccharides by mass spectrometry. N-quaternization of the labeled oligosaccharides resulted in significantly increased sensitivity of detection with as little as 100 fmol on the probe detected. Deuterium coding of labeled oligosaccharide mixtures and relative abundance of mixture components was investigated. A protocol for the chromatographic separation of mixtures of labeled oligosaccharides by HPLC was developed and is reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, USA
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29
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Vila-Perelló M, Gutiérrez Gallego R, Andreu D. A Simple Approach to Well-Defined Sugar-Coated Surfaces for Interaction Studies. Chembiochem 2005; 6:1831-8. [PMID: 16142819 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200500125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein-carbohydrate interactions play a crucial role in many relevant biological processes, and the development of simple and reliable tools for their study is a well-recognized need. Surface-based methods are particularly attractive because they i) can effectively mimic cell-surface recognition events, ii) allow the identification of low-affinity binders, iii) are easily adaptable to high-throughput screening, and iv) require minimal sample amounts. We describe here the design and synthesis of a peptide module that efficiently captures glycans through its reducing end, by oxime ligation. Immobilization to carboxyl-functionalized supports was thereby made possible. Chemically well-defined surfaces coated with selected glycan targets were generated by this approach for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies. The usefulness of the method was demonstrated in the analysis of interactions that covered a five-orders-of-magnitude affinity range; namely, the strong binding (KA approximately 10(9) M(-1)) of a well-known lectin (wheat germ agglutinin) to chitopentose (GlcNAc5), and that of the same sugar with a weak binder (KA approximately 10(4) M(-1)), HEV32--the smallest hevein domain described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Vila-Perelló
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Nishino H, Murakawa A, Mori T, Okahata Y. Kinetic studies of AMP-dependent phosphorolysis of amylopectin catalyzed by phosphorylase b on a 27 MHz quartz-crystal microbalance. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:14752-7. [PMID: 15535699 DOI: 10.1021/ja046583k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic cleavage reactions of phosphorylase b were monitored directly on an amylopectin-immobilized 27 MHz quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM). When the inactivated phosphorylase b was injected into a phosphate buffer solution of amylopectin-immobilized QCM (method A), the binding of the enzyme to amylopectin was observed as a frequency decrease (mass increase). Then, when AMP (adenosine monophosphate) was added to activate the enzyme, the frequency gradually increased (mass decreased) due to the phosphorolysis of amylopectin in the presence of phosphates as buffers. When the AMP-activated phosphorylase b was employed (method B), the continuous reaction was observed which includes both the mass increase due to the enzyme binding to amylopectin at first and then the following mass decrease due to the phosphorolysis by the AMP-activated enzyme. All kinetic parameters for the enzyme binding to the substrate (binding and dissociation rate constants, k(on) and k(off), and dissociation constant, K(d)), the AMP binding to the enzyme as activator (K(AMP)), the catalytic rate constant (k(cat)) were obtained from curve fittings of time-courses of frequency (mass) changes. The obtained kinetic parameters were compared with those from Michaelis-Menten kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Nishino
- Contribution from the Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Frontier Collaborative Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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31
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Shinohara Y, Furukawa JI, Niikura K, Miura N, Nishimura SI. DirectN-Glycan Profiling in the Presence of Tryptic Peptides on MALDI-TOF by Controlled Ion Enhancement and Suppression upon Glycan-Selective Derivatization. Anal Chem 2004; 76:6989-97. [PMID: 15571351 DOI: 10.1021/ac0492766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Even though the formidably laborious and time-consuming nature of oligosaccharide analysis limits certain attempts to analyze the glycosylation profile, the significant elucidation of carbohydrate modifications is largely dependent on it. Aiming to substantially improve the sample preparation procedure, a novel protocol allowing glycan-specific detection in the presence of other species, such as tryptic peptides, on MALDI-TOF was proposed and then evaluated. The new protocol is based on the concept that the desorption/ionization efficiency of glycans could be selectively and substantially enhanced while drastically suppressing the other ion species upon glycan-selective derivatization. A series of known and novel labeling reagents, all of which carry hydrazide functionality to allow glycan-specific derivatization, were prepared and evaluated in terms of their abilities to enhance the detection sensitivity of glycans, suppress ions of other contaminants (e.g., peptides), and detect acidic oligosaccharides. Several novel reagents that possess hydrophobic residue(s) together with quaternary ammonium/pyridinium or guanidino functionalities significantly enhanced the detection sensitivity of oligosaccharides. When enzymatically deglycosylated tryptic ovalbumin digest was directly derivatized by these reagents and subjected to MALDI-TOF analysis without any prior purification, we observed that a single type of analyte ion (labeled glycan) could suppress a large majority of peptide ions while allowing a low-femtomole level detection of oligosaccharides. The efficacy of this approach was further evaluated using several other model glycoproteins, including alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein that contains a variety of sialylated oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Shinohara
- Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Frontier Research Center for Post-Genomic Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
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32
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Nishino H, Nihira T, Mori T, Okahata Y. Direct Monitoring of Enzymatic Glucan Hydrolysis on a 27-MHz Quartz-Crystal Microbalance. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:2264-5. [PMID: 14982404 DOI: 10.1021/ja0361805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
By using a highly sensitive 27-MHz glucan-immobilized quartz-crystal microbalance, we could follow kinetically all processes (enzyme binding and release, kon and koff, and intramolecular hydrolysis rates, kcat) of glucan hydrolysis by glucoamylase by detecting directly the formation and decay of the enzyme-substrate complex as mass changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Nishino
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology and CREST, JST, Nagatsuda, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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33
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Sota H, Lee RT, Lee YC, Shinohara Y. Quantitative lectin-carbohydrate interaction analysis on solid-phase surfaces using biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance. Methods Enzymol 2003; 362:330-40. [PMID: 12968374 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(03)01023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sota
- Tokyo R & D, Amersham Biosciences, 3-25-1, Hyakunincho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
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34
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Kaneda Y, Whittier RF, Yamanaka H, Carredano E, Gotoh M, Sota H, Hasegawa Y, Shinohara Y. The high specificities of Phaseolus vulgaris erythro- and leukoagglutinating lectins for bisecting GlcNAc or beta 1-6-linked branch structures, respectively, are attributable to loop B. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:16928-35. [PMID: 11864980 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112382200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite very similar tertiary structures based upon a common framework, legume lectins exhibit an amazing variety of sugar binding specificities. While most of these lectins recognize rather discrete sugar linkages, Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinating and leukoagglutinating lectins (E(4)- and L(4)-PHA) are unique in recognizing larger structures. E(4)- and L(4)-PHA are known to recognize complex type N-glycans containing bisecting GlcNAc or a beta1,6-linked branch, respectively. However, the detailed mechanisms of molecular recognition are poorly understood. In order to dissect the contributions of different portions of each lectin, we carried out region-swapping mutagenesis between E(4)- and L(4)-PHA. We prepared six chimeric lectins by exchanging different combinations of loop B and the central portion of loop C, two of four loops thought to be important for the recognition of monosaccharides (Sharma, V., and Surolia, A. (1997) J. Mol. Biol. 267, 433-445). The chimeric lectins' sugar binding activities were evaluated quantitatively by surface plasmon resonance. These comparisons indicate that the high specificities of E(4)- and L(4)-PHA toward bisecting GlcNAc and beta1,6-linked branch structures are almost solely attributable to loop B. The contribution of the central portion of loop C to the recognition of those structural motifs was found to be negligible. Instead, it modulates affinity toward LacNAc residues present at the nonreducing terminus. Moreover, some of the chimeric lectins prepared in this study showed even higher specificities/affinities than native E(4)- and L(4)-PHA toward complex sugar chains containing either a bisecting GlcNAc residue or a beta1,6-linked branch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kaneda
- Tokyo Research and Development, Amersham Biosciences, 3-25-1, Hyakunincho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-0073 Japan
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35
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Hase S. Chapter 28 Pre- and post-column detection-oriented derivatization techniques in HPLC of carbohydrates. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LIBRARY 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Derivatization Reactions for Analytes with Various Functional Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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37
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Kato H, Yashiro A, Mizuno A, Nishida Y, Kobayashi K, Shinohara H. Syntheses and biological evaluations of alpha-D-mannosyl [60]fullerenols. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2935-9. [PMID: 11677130 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
[60]Fullerenols carrying mono- and bis-alpha-D-mannosyl linkages on the surface were prepared via a [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction between 2-azidoethyl alpha-D-mannoside and C(60) followed by polyhydroxylation with aqueous NaOH. Their biological activity was evaluated in terms of binding affinity to lectins by hemagglutination assay and surface plasmon resonance. [60]Fullerenols without the mannosyl linkage caused aggregation of erythrocytes and binding to a beta-D-galactopyranoside specific lectin (RCA(120)). In contrast, mono- and bis-mannosyl fullerenols were found to decrease the activity for both aggregating erythrocytes and binding to RCA(120), and mono-mannosyl fullerenols turned to binding to alpha-D-mannose specific lectin (Con A).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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38
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Angus DI, Kiefel MJ, von Itzstein M. The synthesis of biotinylated carbohydrates as probes for carbohydrate-recognizing proteins. Bioorg Med Chem 2000; 8:2709-18. [PMID: 11131162 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00201-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The intimate involvement of carbohydrate-protein interactions in a number of important biological processes has prompted several research efforts towards developing new methods of investigating these glycobiological interactions. Biotinylated oligosaccharides are emerging as a new and powerful tool in this area of research, primarily due to their high affinity towards streptavidin and their ease of immobilization on matrices. Here we describe a novel synthetic approach towards biotinylated saccharides which incorporate a UV absorbing group into the final compounds. The synthetic strategy described is applicable to a variety of saccharides, with examples of biotinylated mono-, di-, and trisaccharides being prepared with overall high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Angus
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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39
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Matsuura K, Kitakouji H, Sawada N, Ishida H, Kiso M, Kitajima K, Kobayashi K. A Quantitative Estimation of Carbohydrate-Carbohydrate Interaction Using Clustered Oligosaccharides of Glycolipid Monolayers and of Artificial Glycoconjugate Polymers by Surface Plasmon Resonance. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja000672p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Matsuura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiromoto Kitakouji
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Naoki Sawada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Kiso
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ken Kitajima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazukiyo Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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40
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Yoshitani N, Takasaki S. Microscale synthesis of dextran-based multivalent N-linked oligosaccharide probes. Anal Biochem 2000; 277:127-34. [PMID: 10610697 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1999.4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We developed a convenient method for the synthesis of dextran-based multivalent probes containing N-linked oligosaccharides which is efficient even in a small scale. Oligosaccharides were derivatized with succinic dihydrazide and dimethylamine borane under a mild acidic condition. The derivatized oligosaccharides were then conjugated in a good yield to periodate-oxidized dextran (500 kDa). Thus, the conjugates containing 120 to 140 oligosaccharide chains per dextran molecule were successfully synthesized. Their practical advantage was shown by the example that the asialofetuin oligosaccharide-dextran conjugate has much higher affinity to Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA-I) than asialofetuin oligosaccharide itself or asialofetuin. The conjugates were further labeled with fluorescent reagent or biotinylation reagent containing a hydrazino group by the use of the unreacted aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran, yielding probes with similar densities of fluorophores or biotin groups. Direct binding of the biotinylated asialofetuin oligosaccharide-dextran probe to RCA-I coated on the titer plate at a concentration of 50 ng/50 microl was easily detected using 50 fmol (as oligosaccharides) of the probe. The method for the synthesis of dextran-based oligosaccharide probes will facilitate the investigation of carbohydrate-mediated molecular interactions based on the native oligosaccharide structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yoshitani
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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41
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van Bommel MR, de Jong AP, Tjaden UR, Irth H, van der Greef J. Enzyme amplification as detection tool in continuous-flow systems. II. On-line coupling of liquid chromatography to enzyme-amplified biochemical detection after pre-column derivatization with biotin. J Chromatogr A 1999; 855:397-409. [PMID: 10519083 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-amplified biochemical detection (EA-BCD) was used as a post-column detection technique, coupled on-line with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The enzyme detection system was developed to detect biotin or biotin containing compounds. Biotinylation is widely used to label analytes of interest ranging from small molecules to proteins and DNA. Naphthalene aldehyde and anthracene aldehyde were used as model compounds. Both compounds were biotinylated off-line with biotin aminocaproic hydrazide (BACH). On-column biotinylation was performed by preconcentration of anthracene aldehyde on copper phthalocyanine. After biotinylation, samples were introduced to the HPLC system. Enzyme-labeled streptavidin, which possesses high affinity to biotin, was added post-column to the HPLC effluent. Excess of enzyme-labeled affinity protein was removed by means of an immobilized biotin column. After separation of free and bound fraction, substrate was added, which was converted to a fluorescent product by the enzyme label. Using alkaline phosphatase as an enzyme label, a mass detection limit after on-column preconcentration and biotinylation of 250 fmol was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R van Bommel
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Leiden/Amsterdam Center of Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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Kuberan B, Gunay NS, Dordick JS, Linhardt RJ. Preparation and isolation of neoglycoconjugates using biotin-streptavidin complexes. Glycoconj J 1999; 16:271-81. [PMID: 10579696 DOI: 10.1023/a:1007009927087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycoproteins commercially available in multi-gram quantities, were used to prepare milligram amounts of neoglycoproteins. The glycoproteins bromelain and bovine gamma-globulin were proteolyzed to obtain glycopeptides or converted to a mixture of glycans through hydrazinolysis. The glycan mixture was structurally simplified by carbohydrate remodeling using exoglycosidases. Glycopeptides were biotinylated using N-hydroxysuccinimide activated-long chain biotin while glycoprotein-derived glycans were first reductively aminated with ammonium bicarbonate and then biotinylated. The resulting biotinylated carbohydrates were structurally characterized and then bound to streptavidin to afford neoglycoproteins. The peptidoglycan component of raw, unbleached heparin (an intermediate in the manufacture of heparin) was similarly biotinylated and bound to streptavidin to obtain milligram amounts of a heparin neoproteoglycan. The neoglycoconjugates prepared contain well defined glycan chains at specific locations on the streptavidin core and should be useful for the study of protein-carbohydrate interactions and affinity separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kuberan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA
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Sota H, Hasegawa Y, Iwakura M. Detection of conformational changes in an immobilized protein using surface plasmon resonance. Anal Chem 1998; 70:2019-24. [PMID: 9608841 DOI: 10.1021/ac9713666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we have developed novel methodology for the detection of conformational change(s) in immobilized proteins. A genetically altered E. coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR-ASC) was attached to a carboxymethyldextran matrix layer covering the sensor surface of an SPR biosensor through a disulfide linkage at the engineered protein's C-terminus. The DHFR-ASC-immobilized surface exhibited a larger response to acid treatment than reference surfaces lacking immobilized proteins. The SPR signal of the tethered protein and the molar ellipticity of DHFR-ASC in solution responded similarly to pH changes, consistent with the interpretation that changes in the SPR signal reflect conformational changes occurring during acid denaturation. A pH shift observed between the SPR signal and ellipticity changes may reflect a difference between surface and bulk pH. The tethered protein sensor surface was stable to repeated acid treatment using solutions in the pH range of 0.12-7.80 and yielded reproducible measurements. This is the first demonstration of detection of conformational changes in an immobilized protein using an SPR biosensor. This technique has potential for developing novel sensors and/or switching devices in response to protein conformational changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sota
- Department of Research and Development, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech K.K., Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
Examination of the literature for the period of this review revealed nearly two hundred citations that employed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy using BIAcore technology to evaluate biospecific interactions, demonstrating the increasing popularity of this powerful technique. Among these we noted the development of several new applications/modifications of standard techniques. In general, we find the qualitative aspects of the reported experiments to be excellent but the quantitative descriptions (kT, kon, koff, and keq) as well as the binding models still lagging behind.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fivash
- Data Management Services, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
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Ridley BL, Spiro MD, Glushka J, Albersheim P, Darvill A, Mohnen D. A method for biotin labeling of biologically active oligogalacturonides using a chemically stable hydrazide linkage. Anal Biochem 1997; 249:10-9. [PMID: 9193702 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1997.2165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oligogalacturonides (oligomers of alpha-1,4-D-galacturonic acid) with degrees of polymerization (DP) between 8 and 16 were labeled with biotin using a rapid and simple two-reaction protocol that yields a stable oligogalacturonide derivative. In the first reaction biotin-x-hydrazide was coupled to the anomeric carbon of the reducing galacturonic acid residue by a hydrazone linkage. Carbohydrate-hydrazone linkages such as these have been widely used to label a variety of biomolecules. However, we show herein that the oligogalacturonide-hydrazone linkage is hydrolyzed in water. In the second reaction the hydrazone linkage was reduced with sodium cyanoborohydride to form a stable hydrazide. The stability of hydrazide-linked oligogalacturonides was confirmed using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC). The biotin and uronic acid content of the HPAEC fractions was determined using quantitative colorimetric microplate assays. Electrospray mass spectrometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm the structure of the HPAEC-purified biotin-derivatized oligogalacturonides. Biotin-derivatized oligogalacturonides will be useful in studies of the biological functions of oligogalacturonides.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Ridley
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-4712, USA.
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