1
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Sun H, Ye L, Yang M, Su G. High-resolution mass spectrometry recognized Tetrabromobisphenol A bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether) (TBBPA-DBMPE) as a contaminant in sediment from a flame retardant manufacturing factory. WATER RESEARCH 2025; 283:123783. [PMID: 40373377 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2025] [Revised: 04/28/2025] [Accepted: 05/04/2025] [Indexed: 05/17/2025]
Abstract
Information on contamination status of tetrabromobisphenol, and triazine-based novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in sediment environment is very rare. Here, by use of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-Orbitrap/MS), we developed an analytical method for determination of three tetrabromobisphenol, and two triazine-based FRs in sediment samples. By applying this method for analysis of n = 6 sediment samples from a flame retardant manufacturing factory, we observed that total concentrations of 6 NBFRs (∑6NBFRs) ranged from 7.46 to 1020 ng/g dry weight (dw), which were comparable to those (3.83-820 ng/g dw) of n = 11 sediment samples from e-waste recycling area. Both of them were statistically significantly (p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA) higher than those in n = 10 sediment samples from Taihu Lake (1.22-8.22 ng/g dw). With an aim to find novel tetrabromobisphenol, and triazine-based compounds, we further investigated the ionization characteristics and the fragmentation patterns in ionization source of six target NBFRs. We observed that debromination, ether bond breakage, and the breakage of inter-benzene ring C-C and C-S bonds were the main in-source fragmentation pathways for TBBPA/S derivatives. On the basis of the observed ionization characteristics and an in-house suspect screening list, we tentatively identified 71 NBFR formulas, of which ten TBBPA/S derivatives and one triazine-based BFRs were found for the first time in sediments. Among these NBFR formulas, tetrabromobisphenol A bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether) (TBBPA-DBMPE) is high of concern due to its male reproductive toxicity according to a recent study, and fully confirmed by comparing unique LC and HRMS characteristics of sediment sample with authentic standard. The work probably provides an opportunity for the structural identification of unknown TBBPA/S derivatives in environmental samples, and reports the occurrence of TBBPA-DBMPE in real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Langjie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Mengkai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Guanyong Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
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Wu N, He Y, Sun Z, Zhang S, Yang X, Liu QS, Zhou Q, Jiang G. The environmental occurrence, human exposure, and toxicity of novel bisphenol S derivatives: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2025; 296:118182. [PMID: 40222108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
Novel bisphenol S (BPS) derivatives are being increasingly utilized as substitutes to bisphenol A (BPA) and BPS in thermal receipts and other industrial or commercial products. In recent years, the environmental occurrence, human exposure, and toxicity of non-chlorinated and chlorinated BPS derivatives have been investigated in numerous studies. This review summarizes the state-of-art and new knowledge on these aspects and provides recommendations for future research directions. The environmental analysis showed that BPS derivatives have been widely detected in paper products, water, indoor dust, sediment, and municipal sewage sludge. Recent studies have also reported the presence of non-chlorinated BPS derivatives, such as benzenesulfonylbenzene (DDS) and 4-(4-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)sulfonylphenol (BPSIP), in human breast milk, urine, and the maternal-fetal-placental unit. Toxicological studies suggest that BPS derivatives may cause a series of toxic effects, including endocrine-disrupting effects, cytotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and neurotoxicity, some of which have been shown to exhibit adverse effects similar to or even greater than those of BPS. Future studies should focus on elucidating environmental occurrences, half-lives, sources for human exposure, and potential transformation pathways of BPS derivatives, as well as their toxic effects and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinling He
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhendong Sun
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Xu W, Han X, Tian Y, Liang J, Zhang Y. Identification of novel tetrabromobisphenol A byproducts in industrial chemicals and the environment near a manufacturing site: an overlooked source of novel pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2025; 27:950-959. [PMID: 40035190 DOI: 10.1039/d5em00030k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2025]
Abstract
To evaluate the migration, transformation, and fate of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in the environment, the transformation/degradation (T/D) products of TBBPA and byproducts of industrial production should be distinguished. Herein, 7 reported T/D products (R1-R7) and 7 novel byproducts (N1-N7) of TBBPA were identified in industrial-grade TBBPA chemicals by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled ion trap mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry with a suspect screening strategy. The possible formation pathways of these byproducts were attributed to the bromination, debromination, methylation, demethylation, hydroxylation, substitution, and radical coupling reactions of bisphenol A (BPA), BPA impurities, and TBBPA. The detection frequencies of R1-R7 and N3 (80-100%) were higher than those of N1, N2, and N4-N7 (20-60%) in industrial-grade TBBPA chemicals, with contents extended to 2.29% and 0.0989%, respectively. In the soils and sediments near the TBBPA plants, R1-R4 and N1 were detected with the highest concentration of 1.56 × 102 ng g-1 dry weight, while in the river waters, only R1-R4 were detected with the highest concentration of 4.57 × 102 ng L-1. An in silico analysis indicated the potential toxicity of these compounds, including their hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity. To accurately estimate the environmental effects of the T/D products of TBBPA, the contributions of byproducts in industrial-grade TBBPA chemicals should be considered separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Xu
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Xiaoxuan Han
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China.
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yong Tian
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Jiakui Liang
- Intelligent Policing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Police College, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Intelligent Policing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Police College, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Xu X, Zhang Y, Huang H, Chen J, Shi T. Distribution, transformation, and toxic effects of the flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol S and its derivatives in the environment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174799. [PMID: 39019271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
As widely used alternative brominated flame retardants, tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) and its derivatives have attracted increasing amounts of attention in the field of environmental science. Previous studies have shown that TBBPS and its derivatives easily accumulate in environmental media and may cause risks to environmental safety and human health. Therefore, to explore the environmental behaviours of TBBPS and its derivatives, in this paper, we summarized relevant research on the distribution of these compounds in water, the atmosphere, soil and food/biota, as well as their transformation mechanisms (biological and nonbiological) and toxic effects. The summary results show that TBBPS and its derivatives have been detected in water, the atmosphere, soil, and food/biota globally, making them a ubiquitous pollutant. These compounds may be subject to adsorption, photolysis or biological degradation after being released into the environment, which in turn increases their ecological risk. TBBPS and its derivatives can cause a series of toxic effects, such as neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, cytotoxicity, thyrotoxicity, genotoxicity and phytotoxicity, to cells or living organisms in in vitro and in vivo exposure. Toxicological studies suggest that TBBPS as an alternative to TBBPA is not entirely environmentally friendly. Finally, we propose future directions for research on TBBPS and its derivatives, including the application of new technologies in studies on the migration, transformation, toxicology and human exposure risk assessment of TBBPS and its derivatives in the environment. This review provides useful information for obtaining a better understanding of the behaviour and potential toxic effects of TBBPS and its derivatives in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Xu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource, Hohhot 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education P.R. of China, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource, Hohhot 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Honglin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiafeng Chen
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource, Hohhot 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Tailong Shi
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource, Hohhot 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010018, China
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Yuan J, Li Y, Chen X, Yi Q, Wang Z. One electron oxidation-induced degradation of brominated flame retardants in electroactive membrane filtration system: Vital role of dichlorine radical-mediated process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134318. [PMID: 38643582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Reactive chlorine species (RCS) are inevitably generated in electrochemical oxidation process for treating high-salinity industrial wastewater, thereby resulting in the competition with coexisting hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for oxidizing recalcitrant organic compounds. Due to the low redox potentials compared to •OH, the role of RCS has been often overlooked. In this work, we developed an electroactive membrane filtration (EMF) system that had a high removal efficiency (99.1 ± 0.5 %) for tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) at low energy consumption (1.45 kWh m-3). Electron spin resonance spectroscopy and molecular probing tests indicated the predominance of Cl2•-, of which steady-state concentration (2.2 ×10-10 M) was extremely higher than those of ClO• (6.7 ×10-13 M), •OH (0.95 ×10-13 M), and Cl• (2.39 ×10-15 M). The density functional theory (DFT) and intermediate product analysis highlighted that Cl2•- radicals had a higher electrophilic attack efficacy than •OH radicals for inducing changes in the electron density of the carbon atoms around phenolic hydroxyl groups, thus leading to the generation of transition state intermediates and accelerating the degradation of TBBPS. Our work demonstrates the vital role of Cl2•- radicals for pollutant degradation, highlighting the potential of this technology for cost-effective removal of recalcitrant organic compounds from water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji Advanced Membrane Technology Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji Advanced Membrane Technology Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji Advanced Membrane Technology Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiuying Yi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji Advanced Membrane Technology Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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6
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Qin C, Wu J, Lu X, Gu C, Guo Y, Hu G, Chen M, Xia K, Wang H, Xie M. Degradation of the emerging brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol S using organo-montmorillonite supported nanoscale zero-valent iron. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:33547-33560. [PMID: 38683431 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of emerging brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) has become a major environmental concern. In this study, a nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) impregnated organic montmorillonite composite (nZVI-OMT) was successfully prepared and utilized to degrade TBBPS in aqueous solution. The results show that the nZVI-OMT composite was very stable and reusable as the nZVI was well dispersed on the organic montmorillonite. Organic montmorillonite clay layers provide a strong support, facilitate well dispersion of the nZVI chains, and accelerate the overall TBBPS transformation with a degradation rate constant 5.5 times higher than that of the original nZVI. Four major intermediates, including tribromobisphenol S (tri-BBPS), dibromobisphenol S (di-BBPS), bromobisphenol S (BBPS), and bisphenol S (BPS), were detected by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), indicating sequential reductive debromination of TBBPS mediated by nZVI-OMT. The effective elimination of acute ecotoxicity predicted by toxicity analysis also suggests that the debromination process is a safe and viable option for the treatment of TBBPS. Our results have shown for the first time that TBBPS can be rapidly degraded by an nZVI-OMT composite, expanding the potential use of clay-supported nZVI composites as an environmentally friendly material for wastewater treatment and groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenggang Gu
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yang Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Guanjiu Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kang Xia
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Mingjie Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Lu Y, Wang S. The mechanism of photodegradation reaction of different dissociation forms of tetrabromobisphenol S in water with free radicals and the ecotoxicity evaluation of related products. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141136. [PMID: 38184076 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) is a widely used brominated flame retardant that has attracted environmental concern due to its abundant presence in water. The objective of this study is to systematically analyze the direct photolysis and degradation mechanisms of TBBPS in two different dissociation forms in water, as well as to evaluate their toxicological effects induced by •OH, 1O2, and •NO2 radicals. The degradation mechanism of TBBPS is investigated with density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) methods, and the toxicity of the degradation products is assessed through toxicological studies. The results of the study indicate that the OH-addition and H-abstraction reactions are favorable pathways for •OH-induced TBBPS degradation. The H-abstraction reaction of TBBPS0 with •OH was more favorable than the •OH addition reaction. However, in the degradation of TBBPS-, the •OH addition reaction was favored over the H-abstraction reaction. Additionally, the indirect photolysis of TBBPS by 1O2 and •NO2 in water was found to be easier for TBBPS- compared to TBBPS0, with degradation mechanisms involving Br-substitution and NO2-addition reactions. The higher Ea values calculated indicate that the degradation of TBBPS by 1O2 and •NO2 in water has been a secondary reaction. The direct photolysis reaction pathway of TBBPS in water has involved the cleavage of the S1-C7 and S1-C16 bonds. For TBBPS0 in the S1/T1 states, the primary reaction pathway is the cleavage of the S1-C16 bond, while for TBBPS-, the primary reaction pathway is the cleavage of the S1-C7 bond. Furthermore, the computational toxicology results indicate a slight increase in the toxicity levels of most products, highlighting the significance of investigating the degradation byproducts of TBBPS in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Se Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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8
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Wang L, Yu Y, Liu G, Hu B, Lu J. Degradation of Tetrabromobisphenol S by thermo-activated Persulphate Oxidation: reaction Kinetics, transformation Mechanisms, and brominated By-products. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:988-998. [PMID: 36215213 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2135027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are a group of contaminants of emerging environmental concern. In this study, systematic exploration was carried out to investigate the degradation of tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS), a typical emerging BFRs, by thermally activated persulfate (PDS) oxidation. The removal of 5.0 μM TBBPS was 100% after 60 min oxidation treatment under 60°C. Increasing the temperature or initial PDS concentration facilitated the degradation efficiency of TBBPS. The quenching test indicated that TBBPS degradation occurred via the attack of both sulphate radicals and hydroxyl radicals. Natural organic matter (NOM) decreased the removal rate, however, complete disappearance of TBBPS could still be obtained. Six intermediate products were formed during reactions between TBBPS and radicals. Transformation pathways including debromination, β-Scission, and cross-coupling were proposed. Brominated disinfection by-products (DBPs) in situ formed during the degradation of TBBPS were also investigated, such as bromoform and dibromoacetic acid. The presence of NOM reduced the formation rates of brominated DBPs. Results reveal that although thermo-activated PDS is a promising method for TBBPS-contaminated water, it can lead to potential brominated DBPs risks, which should be paid more attention to when SO4•--based oxidation technology is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqun Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhe Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Su L, Guo D, Wan H, Wang P, Cao L, Long Y, Chen C, Song Y, Zhang Y, Zeng C, Guo R, Liu X. Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into the defense response to HFRs in Arabidopsis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114736. [PMID: 36905847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), Tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) and their derivatives as the most widely used halogenated flame retardants (HFR), had been employed in the manufacturing industry to raise fire safety. HFRs have been shown to be developmentally toxic to animals and also affect plant growth. However, little was known about the molecular mechanism responded by when plants were treated with these compounds. In this study, when Arabidopsis was exposed to four HFRs (TBBPA, TCBPA, TBBPS-MDHP, TBBPS), the stress of these compounds had different inhibitory effects on seed germination and plant growth. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis showed that all four HFRs could influence the expression of transmembrane transporters to affect ion transport, Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, Plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signalling pathway and other pathways. In addition, the effects of different kinds of HFR on plants also have variant characteristics. It is very fascinating that Arabidopsis shows the response of biotic stress after exposure to these kinds of compounds, including the immune mechanism. Overall, the findings of the mechanism recovered by methods of transcriptome and metabolome analysis supplied a vital insight into the molecular perspective for Arabidopsis response to HFRs stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufang Su
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Heping Wan
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Lan Cao
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yanmin Long
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Chaohui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, College of Photoelectric Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yangyang Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Changli Zeng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Rui Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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10
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Zhao Z, Li H, Yao J, Lan J, Bao Y, Zhao L, Zong W, Zhang Q, Hollert H, Zhao X. Binding of Tetrabromobisphenol A and S to Human Serum Albumin Is Weakened by Coexisting Nanoplastics and Environmental Kosmotropes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4464-4470. [PMID: 36893289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) was used as a model protein to explore the effects of brominated flame retardant (BFR) binding and the corona formation on polystyrene nanoplastics (PNs). Under physiological conditions, HSA helped to disperse PNs but promoted the formation of aggregates in the presence of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA, ΔDh = 135 nm) and S (TBBPS, ΔDh = 256 nm) at pH 7. At pH 4, these aggregates became larger with fewer electrostatic repulsion effects (ΔDh = 920 and 691 nm for TBBPA and TBBPS, respectively). However, such promotion effects as well as BFR binding are different due to structural differences of tetrabromobisphenol A and S. Environmental kosmotropes efficiently stabilized the structure of HSA and inhibited BFR binding, while the chaotropes favored bioconjugated aggregate formation. Such effects were also verified in natural seawater. The newly gained knowledge may help us anticipate the behavior and fate of plastic particles and small molecular pollutants in both physiological and natural aqueous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongshan Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haimei Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiaqiang Yao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Lan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yan Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Lining Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
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11
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Nowak K, Jakopin Ž. In silico profiling of endocrine-disrupting potential of bisphenol analogues and their halogenated transformation products. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113623. [PMID: 36657698 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to its endocrine-disrupting properties, bisphenol A (BPA) is being phased out from plastics, thermal paper and epoxy resins, and its replacements are being introduced into the market. Bisphenols are released into the environment, where they can undergo halogenation. Unlike BPA, the endocrine-disrupting potential of BPA analogues and their halogenated transformation products has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the endocrine-disrupting potential of 18 BPA analogues and their halogenated derivatives by calculating affinities for 14 human nuclear receptors utilizing the Endocrine Disruptome and VirtualToxLab™ in silico tools. Our simulations identified AR, ERs, and GR as the most favorable targets of bisphenols and their derivatives. Several BPA analogues displayed a higher predicted potential for endocrine disruption than BPA. Our models highlighted BPZ and BPPH as the most hazardous in terms of predicted endocrine activities. Halogenation, in general, was predicted to increase the binding affinity of bisphenols for AR, ERβ, MR, GR, PPARγ, and TRβ. Notably, mono- or 2,2'-di-halogenated bisphenols exhibited the highest potential for endocrine disruption. In vitro corroboration of the obtained results should be the next milestone in evaluating the safety of BPA substitutes and their halogenated transformation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Žiga Jakopin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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12
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Barańska A, Bukowska B, Michałowicz J. Determination of Apoptotic Mechanism of Action of Tetrabromobisphenol A and Tetrabromobisphenol S in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: A Comparative Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186052. [PMID: 36144785 PMCID: PMC9500834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is the most commonly used brominated flame retardant (BFR) in the industry. TBBPA has been determined in environmental samples, food, tap water, dust as well as outdoor and indoor air and in the human body. Studies have also shown the toxic potential of this substance. In search of a better and less toxic BFR, tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) has been developed in order to replace TBBPA in the industry. There is a lack of data on the toxic effects of TBBPS, while no study has explored apoptotic mechanism of action of TBBPA and TBBPS in human leukocytes. Methods: The cells were separated from leucocyte-platelet buffy coat and were incubated with studied compounds in concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 50 µg/mL for 24 h. In order to explore the apoptotic mechanism of action of tested BFRs, phosphatidylserine externalization at cellular membrane (the number of apoptotic cells), cytosolic calcium ion and transmembrane mitochondrial potential levels, caspase-8, -9 and -3 activation, as well as PARP-1 cleavage, DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation in PBMCs were determined. Results: TBBPA and TBBPS triggered apoptosis in human PBMCs as they changed all tested parameters in the incubated cells. It was also observed that the mitochondrial pathway was mainly involved in the apoptotic action of studied compounds. Conclusions: It was found that TBBPS, and more strongly TBBPA, triggered apoptosis in human PBMCs. Generally, the mitochondrial pathway was involved in the apoptotic action of tested compounds; nevertheless, TBBPS more strongly than TBBPA caused intrinsic pathway activation.
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13
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Klančič V, Gobec M, Jakopin Ž. Halogenated ingredients of household and personal care products as emerging endocrine disruptors. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134824. [PMID: 35525453 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The everyday use of household and personal care products (HPCPs) generates an enormous amount of chemicals, of which several groups warrant additional attention, including: (i) parabens, which are widely used as preservatives; (ii) bisphenols, which are used in the manufacture of plastics; (iii) UV filters, which are essential components of many cosmetic products; and (iv) alkylphenol ethoxylates, which are used extensively as non-ionic surfactants. These chemicals are released continuously into the environment, thus contaminating soil, water, plants and animals. Wastewater treatment and water disinfection procedures can convert these chemicals into halogenated transformation products, which end up in the environment and pose a potential threat to humans and wildlife. Indeed, while certain parent HPCP ingredients have been confirmed as endocrine disruptors, less is known about the endocrine activities of their halogenated derivatives. The aim of this review is first to examine the sources and occurrence of halogenated transformation products in the environment, and second to compare their endocrine-disrupting properties to those of their parent compounds (i.e., parabens, bisphenols, UV filters, alkylphenol ethoxylates). Albeit previous reports have focused individually on selected classes of such substances, none have considered the problem of their halogenated transformation products. This review therefore summarizes the available research on these halogenated compounds, highlights the potential exposure pathways, and underlines the existing knowledge gaps within their toxicological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Klančič
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Gobec
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Žiga Jakopin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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14
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Su H, Li P, Wang Y, Wu H, Ma X, Liu Y, Ma Y, Liu S, Xia C. Combination of Soxhlet extraction and catalytic hydrodebromination for remediation of tetrabromobisphenol A contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134545. [PMID: 35427671 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a widely used brominated flame retardants (BFRs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) has been detected in various environmental matrices and is known to cause negative effects on both the environment and human health. In this study, a combined method was developed for the abatement of TBBPA contaminated soil based on successive steps of solvent extraction (SE) and catalytic hydrodebromination (HDB) over Pd/C. The results showed that TBBPA could be efficiently extracted from the TBBPA contaminated soil with polar solvents. Subsequently, TBBPA could be completely hydrodebrominated over Pd/C in ethanol, via multistep ultimately yielding bisphenol A. Moreover, NaOH, NH3H2O, and Et3N were more favorable to promote the HDB of 4-TBBPA over Pd/C, and 100% bromide atom removal ratio of TBBPA was achieved within 40 min when [NaOH]0/[organic-Br]0 was more than 1.10 in ethanol. However, the catalytic activity of Pd/C decreased with the repeated use in ethanol. To study the mechanism for this phenomenon, fresh and used catalysts were analyzed by characterization techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). It was found that the deactivation of Pd/C catalyst caused by the gradual accumulation of NaBr could be recovered by washing with water. On the basis of these studies, an effective and practical system for the combined method of SE and catalytic HDB over Pd/C was developed to dispose BFRs contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Su
- The Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Haiyang Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China; Fujian Provincial Colleges and University Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Resource Utilization, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yunbo Ma
- The Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Sujing Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Chuanhai Xia
- The Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
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15
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Wang L, Yu Y, Liu G, Lu J. Formation of brominated by-products during the degradation of tetrabromobisphenol S by Co 2+/peroxymonosulfate oxidation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 314:115091. [PMID: 35472837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS), an emerging brominated flame retardant, can cause neurotoxic and cytotoxic effects to human physiology. In this study, the degradation of TBBPS in Co2+ activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation process was explored. In particular, brominated by-products formed during the degradation of the TBBPS were examined. It was found that TBBPS could be effectively removed in the Co2+/PMS oxidation process. The pseudo-first-order rate constants were 0.13 min-1 at 0.2 mM PMS and 0.5 μM Co2+ initially. It appeared that TBBPS degradation occurred via and HO attacks, but played a dominant role. The presence of natural organic matter (NOM) greatly inhibited the transformation of the TBBPS, which can be explained by the scavenging of the radical species. β-Scission, debromination, and cross-coupling were identified as the main reaction pathways of TBBPS degradation in the Co2+/PMS system. Further oxidation and ring-opening of the intermediates generated brominated by-products including bromoform, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid. The formation of the brominated by-products increased gradually in approximately 48 h. But, the presence of NOM reduced the yields of the brominated -by-products. The findings of this study indicate that organic bromine contaminants can be effectively removed but lead to brominated by-products in the activated PMS oxidation process, which should be taken into consideration when -based oxidation technology is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yaqun Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Junhe Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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16
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Jarosiewicz M, Duchnowicz P, Jarosiewicz P, Huras B, Bukowska B. An In Vitro Comparative Study of the Effects of Tetrabromobisphenol A and Tetrabromobisphenol S on Human Erythrocyte Membranes-Changes in ATP Level, Perturbations in Membrane Fluidity, Alterations in Conformational State and Damage to Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179443. [PMID: 34502352 PMCID: PMC8431071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are substances used to reduce the flammability of plastics. Among this group, tetrabormobisphenol A (TBBPA) is currently produced and used on the greatest scale, but due to the emerging reports on its potential toxicity, tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS)—a compound with a very similar structure—is used as an alternative. Due to the fact that the compounds in question are found in the environment and in biological samples from living organisms, including humans, and due to the insufficient toxicological knowledge about them, it is necessary to assess their impacts on living organisms and verify the validity of TBBPA replacement by TBBPS. The RBC membrane was chosen as the research model. This is a widely accepted research model for assessing the toxicity of xenobiotics, and it is the first barrier to compounds entering circulation. It was found that TBBPA and TBBPS caused increases in the fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane in their hydrophilic layer, and conformational changes to membrane proteins. They also caused thiol group elevation, an increase in lipid peroxidation (TBBPS only) and decreases in the level of ATP in cells. They also caused changes in the size and shape of RBCs. TBBPA caused changes in the erythrocyte membrane at lower concentrations compared to TBBPS at an occupational exposure level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jarosiewicz
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.D.); (B.B.)
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Piotr Duchnowicz
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Paweł Jarosiewicz
- European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Bogumiła Huras
- Łukasiewicz Research Network, Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6 Str, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (P.D.); (B.B.)
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17
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Jin X, Su H, Xu L, Wang Y, Su R, Zhang Z, Guan G, Li Z. Different co-culture models reveal the pivotal role of TBBPA-promoted M2 macrophage polarization in the deterioration of endometrial cancer. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125337. [PMID: 33609860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), an emerging organic pollutant widely detected in human samples, has a positive correlation with the development of endometrial cancer (EC), but its underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), one of the most vital components in tumor microenvironment (TME), play regulatory roles in the progression of EC. Consequently, this study mainly focuses on the macrophage polarization in TME to unveil the influence of TBBPA on the progression of EC and involved mechanisms. Primarily, low doses of TBBPA treatment up-regulated M2-like phenotype biomarkers in macrophage. The data from in vitro co-culture models suggested TBBPA-driven M2 macrophage polarization was responsible for the EC deterioration. Results from in vivo study further confirmed the malignant proliferation of EC promoted by TBBPA. Mechanistically, TBBPA-mediated miR-19a bound to the 3'-UTR regions of SOCS1, resulting in down-regulation of SOCS1 followed by the phosphorylation of JAK and STAT6. The present study not only revealed for the first time the molecular mechanism of TBBPA-induced EC's deterioration based on macrophage polarization, but also established co-culture models, thus providing a further evaluation method for the exploration of environmental pollutants-induced tumor effects from the role of TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Jin
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huilan Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liting Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruijun Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ge Guan
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
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18
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Zhang Q, Kong W, Wei L, Hou X, Ma Q, Liu Y, Luo Y, Liao C, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. Compartmentalization and Excretion of 2,4,6-Tribromophenol Sulfation and Glycosylation Conjugates in Rice Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2980-2990. [PMID: 33544574 PMCID: PMC8232829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The most environmentally abundant bromophenol congener, 2,4,6-tribromophenol (2,4,6-TBP, 6.06 μmol/L), was exposed to rice for 5 d both in vivo (intact seedling) and in vitro (suspension cell) to systematically characterize the fate of its sulfation and glycosylation conjugates in rice. The 2,4,6-TBP was rapidly transformed to produce 6 [rice cells (3 h)] and 8 [rice seedlings (24 h)] sulfated and glycosylated conjugates. The predominant sulfation conjugate (TP408, 93.0-96.7%) and glycosylation conjugate (TP490, 77.1-90.2%) were excreted into the hydroponic solution after their formation in rice roots. However, the sulfation and glycosylation conjugates presented different translocation and compartmentalization behaviors during the subsequent Phase III metabolism. Specifically, the sulfated conjugate could be vertically transported into the leaf sheath and leaf, while the glycosylation conjugates were sequestered in cell vacuoles and walls, which resulted in exclusive compartmentalization within the rice roots. These results showed the micromechanisms of the different compartmentalization behaviors of 2,4,6-TBP conjugates in Phase III metabolism. Glycosylation and sulfation of the phenolic hydroxyl groups orchestrated by plant excretion and Phase III metabolism may reduce the accumulation of 2,4,6-TBP and its conjugates in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Wenqian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Linfeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Xingwang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Qianchi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Yanna Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Yadan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Jiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Jerald L Schnoor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
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19
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Xu H, Li Y, Lu J, Lu J, Zhou L, Chovelon JM, Ji Y. Aqueous photodecomposition of the emerging brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116406. [PMID: 33412445 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging brominated flame retardant (BFR), tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) has been frequently detected in the environmental media and organisms. Knowledges on the transformation and fate of TBBPS in both environment and engineering systems are essential to its ecological risk assessment. Herein, we reported the photochemical decomposition of TBBPS in aqueous solution upon 254 nm ultraviolet irradiation (UV254). Results show that TBBPS was highly photoreactive, most likely due to the presence of four ortho-bromine substituents. The molar absorption coefficient and quantum yield of TBBPS were found to be pH-dependent, with the monoanionic form being most photoreactive. A series of photoproducts were identified by solid phase extraction (SPE) combined with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-ESI(+)-MS/MS. The photolysis of TBBPS likely proceeded through photonucleophilic substitution, photoreductive debromination, and β-scission reactions. A ketocarbene, possibly derived from the lower lying excited triplet state, was proposed to be involved in the photolysis of TBBPS. Ion chromatography analysis revealed that debromination occurred quickly, and the yield of bromide (Br-) approached 100% after 90 min irradiation. The presence of SRNOM and MRNOM inhibited the photodegradation rate of TBBPS, which is likely due to the light-screening and physical quenching effects of natural organic matter (NOM). Our results reveal that photolysis is an important process for the attenuation of TBBPS in aquatic system; however, naturally occurring species such as NOM can appreciably retard the decay of TBBPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaxin Lu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Junhe Lu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jean-Marc Chovelon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yuefei Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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20
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Yang R, Liu S, Liang X, Yin N, Jiang L, Zhang Y, Faiola F. TBBPA, TBBPS, and TCBPA disrupt hESC hepatic differentiation and promote the proliferation of differentiated cells partly via up-regulation of the FGF10 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123341. [PMID: 32653787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), including Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), Tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS), and Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), are widely applied in the manufacturing industry to improve fire safety and can be detected in pregnant women's serum at nanomolar levels. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to the three HFR potential development toxicity, which has not been conclusively addressed yet. The liver is the main organ that detoxifies our body; TBBPA exposure may lead to increased liver weight in rodents. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the developmental hepatic toxicity of the three HFRs with a human embryonic stem cell hepatic differentiation-based system and transcriptomics analyses. We mostly evaluated lineage fate alterations and demonstrated the three HFRs may have common disruptive effects on hepatic differentiation, with TCBPA being significantly more potent. More specifically, the three HFRs up-regulated genes related to cell cycle and FGF10 signaling, at late stages of the hepatic differentiation. This indicates the three chemicals promoted hepatoblast proliferation likely via up-regulating the FGF10 cascade. At the same time, we also presented a powerful way to combine in vitro differentiation and in silico transcriptomic analyses, to efficiently evaluate hazardous materials' adverse effects on lineage fate decisions during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Xiaoxing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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21
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Guo R, Cao M, Hu M, Deng W, Zhang W, Gao Y, Ye S, Zhou W, Shi J. Synthesis and Toxicity of Halogenated Bisphenol Monosubstituted-Ethers: Establishing a Library for Potential Environmental Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminant. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000481. [PMID: 32924325 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
As an important branch of halogenated bisphenol compounds, the halogenated bisphenol monosubstituted-ether compounds have received a lot of attention in environmental health science because of their toxicity and variability. In this study, a synthetic method for bisphenol monosubstituted-ether byproduct libraries was developed. By using the versatile and efficient method, tetrachlorobisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A, and tetrabromobisphenol S monosubstituted alkyl-ether compounds were accessed in 39-82 % yield. Subsequently, the cytotoxicity of 27 compounds were screened using three different cell lines (HepG2, mouse primary astrocytes and Chang liver cells). Compound 2,6-dibromo-4-[3,5-dibromo-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzene-1-sulfonyl]phenol was more toxic than other compounds in various cells, and the sensitivity of this compound to the normal hepatocytes and cancer cells was inconsistent. The compounds 2,6-dichloro-4-(2-{3,5-dichloro-4-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}propan-2-yl)phenol and 2,6-dibromo-4-(2-{3,5-dibromo-4-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}propan-2-yl)phenol were the most toxic to HepG2 cells, and most of the other compounds inhibited cell proliferation. Moreover, typical compounds were also reproductive and developmental toxic to zebrafish embryos at different concentrations. The synthetic byproduct libraries could be used as pure standard compounds and applied in research on environmental behavior and the transformation of halogenated flame retardants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
| | - Mengxi Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Ming Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Yangguang Gao
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Shihan Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Weixiang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, 8 Sanjiaohu Road, Economic and Technological Development District, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
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22
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Liu J, Ma S, Lin M, Tang J, Yue C, Zhang Z, Yu Y, An T. New Mixed Bromine/Chlorine Transformation Products of Tetrabromobisphenol A: Synthesis and Identification in Dust Samples from an E-Waste Dismantling Site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:12235-12244. [PMID: 32885965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The large-scale production and usage of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and its analogues have caused widespread contamination, raising concern about their potential endocrine disruption effects on both humans and ecosystems. In the present study, debromination and unknown mixed bromine/chlorine transformation products of TBBPA (X-BBPA) were screened in dust samples from an e-waste dismantling site. Five monochloro products (2-chloro-2',6,6'-TriBBPA, 2-chloro-2',6-DiBBPA, 2-chloro-2',6'-DiBBPA, 2-chloro-2'-MoBBPA, and 2-chloro-6-MoBBPA) and two dichloro products (2,2'-dichloro-6,6'-DiBBPA and 2,2'-dichloro-6-MoBBPA) were successfully synthesized and structurally identified. TBBPA and its transformation products were detected by comparison of their mass spectra and retention times with those of synthetic standards. The mean concentration of X-BBPA was 1.63 × 104 ng/g in e-waste dismantling workshop dust samples based on dry weight, which was at a similar level to TBBPA. However, it was 1 order of magnitude lower than the concentrations of the debromination congeners. Thus, both debromination and chlorine-bromine exchange may be important reactions during the thermal processing of e-waste. The results on mixed chlorinated/brominated TBBPA transformation products provided new insights into TBBPA transformation. The elevated levels of the transformation products of TBBPA suggested that these products should be targeted to avoid underestimation of possible health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515100, China
| | - Meiqing Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Congcong Yue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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23
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Development and application of a novel electrochemical sensor based on AuNPS and difunctional monomer-MIPs for the selective determination of Tetrabromobisphenol-S in water samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Lan J, Shen Z, Gao W, Liu A. Occurrence of bisphenol-A and its brominated derivatives in tributary and estuary of Xiaoqing River adjacent to Bohai Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 149:110551. [PMID: 31543489 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The chemical industrial zone located along the Xiaoqing River wetlands adjacent to Bohai Sea is one of the largest production bases for brominated flame retardants in China. Herein, high levels of bisphenol-A, tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA), tribromobisphenol-A, dibromobisphenol-A, and monobromobisphenol-A were detected in sediment, soil, and water samples of this zone in the range of below method detection limit (<MDL)-5.45 × 106 ng/kg dw, <MDL-8.37 × 104 ng/kg dw, and <MDL-5.59 × 102 ng/L, respectively. They were mainly buried in sediments as their highest levels in sediment samples. The small concentration fluctuation between water samples retrieved in the upstream and downstream zones is likely attributed to seawater backflow. The nearby chemical factories were point pollution sources and the less brominated analogs are largely from debromination of TBBPA. High pollution levels and the ecological risks of these pollutants along the Xiaoqing estuary to Bohai Sea need to be further assessed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lan
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhaoshuang Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Aifeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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25
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Liang S, Liang S, Yin N, Hu B, Faiola F. Toxicogenomic analyses of the effects of BDE-47/209, TBBPA/S and TCBPA on early neural development with a human embryonic stem cell in vitro differentiation system. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 379:114685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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