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Rinderknecht CH, Ning M, Wu C, Wilson MS, Gampe C. Designing inhaled small molecule drugs for severe respiratory diseases: an overview of the challenges and opportunities. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024; 19:493-506. [PMID: 38407117 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2024.2319049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhaled drugs offer advantages for the treatment of respiratory diseases over oral drugs by delivering the drug directly to the lung, thus improving the therapeutic index. There is an unmet medical need for novel therapies for lung diseases, exacerbated by a multitude of challenges for the design of inhaled small molecule drugs. AREAS COVERED The authors review the challenges and opportunities for the design of inhaled drugs for respiratory diseases with a focus on new target discovery, medicinal chemistry, and pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicological evaluation of drug candidates. EXPERT OPINION Inhaled drug discovery is facing multiple unique challenges. Novel biological targets are scarce, as is the guidance for medicinal chemistry teams to design compounds with inhalation-compatible features. It is exceedingly difficult to establish a PK/PD relationship given the complexity of pulmonary PK and the impact of physical properties of the drug substance on PK. PK, PD and toxicology studies are technically challenging and require large amounts of drug substance. Despite the current challenges, the authors foresee that the design of inhaled drugs will be facilitated in the future by our increasing understanding of pathobiology, emerging medicinal chemistry guidelines, advances in drug formulation, PBPK models, and in vitro toxicology assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miaoran Ning
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, gRED, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Connie Wu
- Development Sciences Safety Assessment, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark S Wilson
- Discovery Immunology, gRED, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christian Gampe
- Discovery Chemistry, gRED, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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2
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Nilsson M, Berggren K, Berglund S, Cerboni S, Collins M, Dahl G, Elmqvist D, Grimster NP, Hendrickx R, Johansson JR, Kettle JG, Lepistö M, Rhedin M, Smailagic A, Su Q, Wennberg T, Wu A, Österlund T, Naessens T, Mitra S. Discovery of the Potent and Selective Inhaled Janus Kinase 1 Inhibitor AZD4604 and Its Preclinical Characterization. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13400-13415. [PMID: 37738648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
JAK-STAT cytokines are critical in regulating immunity. Persistent activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathways by cytokines drives chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma. Herein, we report on the discovery of a highly JAK1-selective, ATP-competitive series of inhibitors having a 1000-fold selectivity over other JAK family members and the approach used to identify compounds suitable for inhaled administration. Ultimately, compound 16 was selected as the clinical candidate, and upon dry powder inhalation, we could demonstrate a high local concentration in the lung as well as low plasma concentrations, suggesting no systemic JAK1 target engagement. Compound 16 has progressed into clinical trials. Using 16, we found JAK1 inhibition to be more efficacious than JAK3 inhibition in IL-4-driven Th2 asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Nilsson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Kristina Berggren
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Susanne Berglund
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Silvia Cerboni
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Mia Collins
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Göran Dahl
- Structure and Biophysics, Research and Early Development, Discovery Science, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - David Elmqvist
- Early Product Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Neil P Grimster
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca R&D, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Ramon Hendrickx
- DMPK, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Johan R Johansson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Jason G Kettle
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca R&D, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Matti Lepistö
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Rhedin
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Amir Smailagic
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Qibin Su
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca R&D, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Tiiu Wennberg
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Allan Wu
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca R&D, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Torben Österlund
- Mechanistic Biology & Profiling, Research and Early Development, Discovery Science, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Thomas Naessens
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Suman Mitra
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
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Farhang M, Akbarzadeh AR, Rabbani M, Ghadiri AM. A retrospective-prospective review of Suzuki–Miyaura reaction: From cross-coupling reaction to pharmaceutical industry applications. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fu X, Sun Z, Long Q, Tan W, Ding H, Liu X, Wu L, Wang Y, Zhang W. Glycosides from Buyang Huanwu Decoction inhibit atherosclerotic inflammation via JAK/STAT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154385. [PMID: 35987015 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) has been used to treat or prevent cardiovascular disease. The prescription and its glycosides have the effects of protecting blood vessels, and resisting atherosclerosis. However, their protective mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis remains unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to explore whether glycosides are the main effective components of BYHWD in anti-atherosclerotic inflammation and whether their mechanism is related to the classical JAK/STAT inflammatory signaling pathway. METHODS UPLC-MSMS method was used to determine the main components of BYHWD and its glycosides. Network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking were used to predict the potential therapeutic targets of glycosides. Atherosclerosis model was prepared by feeding HFD in ApoE-/- mice. The effects of glycosides on atherosclerosis were detected by blood lipids measurement, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western-blot and droplet digital PCR. RAW264.7 cells were used to establish foam cells model. The mechanism of glycosides anti-atherosclerotic inflammation was detected by measuring intracellular lipids, Oil Red O staining, ELISA, western-blot and droplet digital PCR. RESULTS 1. Glycosides were absorbed into the blood through oral administrations and existed in the blood in the form of glycosides structures. 2. Glycosides attenuated hyperlipidemia, alleviated atherosclerotic lesions and inhibited inflammatory reaction. They could regulate blood lipids by decreasing TC, TG, LDL-c, increasing HDL-c level in ApoE-/- mice, alleviating intimal area and thickness, and inhibiting atherosclerotic plaque formation, which were similar to BYHWD. 3. Glycosides anti-atherosclerotic inflammation was related to JAK/STAT signaling pathway by network pharmacology analysis. Interactions between glycosides (astragaloside IV, paeoniflorin and amygdalin) and JAK/STAT pathway-related proteins by molecular docking. 4. Glycosides alleviated atherosclerotic inflammation by decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory factors and adhesions molecules, inhibiting the activation of JAK/STAT pathway in vivo. 5. Glycosides reduced the number of foam cells and intracellular lipid content. It also prevented the inflammation of macrophages by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, reducing the phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT1 and STAT3 in vitro. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that glycosides were the main active components of BYHWD, and they could inhibit atherosclerosis by alleviating atherosclerotic inflammation. the mechanism is inhibiting the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Fu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Zhengji Sun
- Yueyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 414021, China
| | - Qingyin Long
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Huang Ding
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Lu Wu
- Liuyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410399, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Liver Manifestation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China.
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Mal S, Malik U, Mahapatra M, Mishra A, Pal D, Paidesetty SK. A review on synthetic strategy, molecular pharmacology of indazole derivatives, and their future perspective. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1469-1504. [PMID: 35971890 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
With different nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties, Indazoles earn one of the places among the top investigated molecules in medicinal research. Indazole, an important fused aromatic heterocyclic system containing benzene and pyrazole ring with a chemical formula of C7 H6 N2 , is also called benzopyrazole. Indazoles consist of three tautomeric forms in which 1H-tautomers (indazoles) and 2H-tautomers (isoindazoles) exist in all phases. The tautomerism in indazoles greatly influences synthesis, reactivity, physical and even the biological properties of indazoles. The thermodynamic internal energy calculation of these tautomers points view 1H-indazole as the predominant and stable form over 2H-indazole. The natural source of indazole is limited and exists in alkaloidal nature (i.e., nigellidine, nigeglanine, nigellicine, etc.) found from Nigella plants. Some of the FDA-approved drugs like Axitinib, Entrectinib, Niraparib, Benzydamine, and Granisetron are being used to treat renal cell cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), epithelial ovarian cancer, chronic inflammation, chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and many more uses. Besides all these advantages regarding its biological activity, the main issue about indazoles is the less abundance in plant sources, and their synthetic derivatives also often face problems with low yield. In this review article, we discuss its chemistry, tautomerism along with their effects, different schematics for the synthesis of indazole derivatives, and their different biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvadeep Mal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Udita Malik
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Monalisa Mahapatra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Dilipkumar Pal
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sudhir K Paidesetty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Zhao MY, Zhang W, Rao GW. Targeting Janus Kinase (JAK) for Fighting Diseases: The Research of JAK Inhibitor Drugs. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5010-5040. [PMID: 35255783 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220307124142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Janus Kinase (JAK), a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase, has emerged as an excellent target through research and development since its discovery in the 1990s. As novel small-molecule targeted drugs, JAK inhibitor drugs have been successfully used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), myofibrosis (MF) and ulcerative colitis (UC). With the gradual development of JAK targets in the market, JAK inhibitors have also received very considerable feedback in the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), Crohn's disease (CD) and graft-versus host disease (GVHD). This article reviews the research progress of JAK inhibitor drugs: introducing the existing JAK inhibitors on the market and some JAK inhibitors in clinical trials currently. In addition, the synthesis of various types of JAK inhibitors were summarized, and the effects of different drug structures on drug inhibition and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Wu Rao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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7
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Uwagboe I, Adcock IM, Lo Bello F, Caramori G, Mumby S. New drugs under development for COPD. Minerva Med 2022; 113:471-496. [PMID: 35142480 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.22.08024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The characteristic features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include inflammation and remodelling of the lower airways and lung parenchyma together with activation of inflammatory and immune processes. Due to the increasing habit of cigarette smoking worldwide COPD prevalence is increasing globally. Current therapies are unable to prevent COPD progression in many patients or target many of its hallmark characteristics which may reflect the lack of adequate biomarkers to detect the heterogeneous clinical and molecular nature of COPD. In this chapter we review recent molecular data that may indicate novel pathways that underpin COPD subphenotypes and indicate potential improvements in the classes of drugs currently used to treat COPD. We also highlight the evidence for new drugs or approaches to treat COPD identified using molecular and other approaches including kinase inhibitors, cytokine- and chemokine-directed biologicals and small molecules, antioxidants and redox signalling pathway inhibitors, inhaled anti-infectious agents and senolytics. It is important to consider the phenotypes/molecular endotypes of COPD patients together with specific outcome measures to target new therapies to particular COPD subtypes. This will require greater understanding of COPD molecular pathologies and a focus on biomarkers of predicting disease subsets and responder/non-responder populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Uwagboe
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK -
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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8
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Samy KE, Gampe C. Medicinal Chemistry Strategies to Extend Duration of Action of Inhaled Drugs for Intracellular Targets. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 62:128627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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9
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Recent Applications of Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura and Buchwald–Hartwig Couplings in Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry. ORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/org3010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-coupling reactions have changed the way complex molecules are synthesized. In particular, Suzuki–Miyaura and Buchwald–Hartwig amination reactions have given opportunities to elegantly make pharmaceutical ingredients. Indeed, these reactions are at the forefront of both the stages of drug development, medicinal chemistry, and process chemistry. On the one hand, these reactions have given medicinal chemists a resource to derivatize the core compound to arrive at scaffold rapidly. On the other hand, these cross couplings have offered the process chemists a smart tool to synthesize the development candidates safely, quickly, and efficiently. Generally, the application of cross-coupling reactions is broad. This review will specifically focus on their real (pharma) world applications in large-scale synthesis appearing in the last three years.
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Chen C, Lu D, Sun T, Zhang T. JAK3 inhibitors for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases: a patent review (2016-present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 32:225-242. [PMID: 34949146 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2023129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Up to now, a total of eight Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of autoimmune and myeloproliferative disease. The JAK family belongs to the non-receptor tyrosine kinase family, consisting of JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and tyrosine kinase 2. Among these four subtypes, only JAK3 is mainly expressed in hematopoietic tissue cells and is exclusively associated with the cytokines shared in the common gamma chain receptor subunit. Due to its specific tissue distribution and functional characteristics that distinguish it from the other JAKs family subtypes, JAK3 is a promising target for the treatment of autoimmune disease. AREAS COVERED This study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the available patent literature on JAK-family inhibitors published from 2016 to the present. In addition, an overview of the clinical activities of selective JAK3 inhibitors in recent years was provided. EXPERT OPINION To date, no selective JAK3 inhibitors have been approved for use in clinics. Over the last five years, an increasing number of studies on JAK3 inhibitors, particularly ritlecitinib by Pfizer, have demonstrated their promising therapeutic potential. In this review, recent studies reported that selective JAK3 inhibitors may offer valid, interesting, and promising therapeutic potential in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dianxiang Lu
- Research Center for High altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wellaway CR, Baldwin IR, Bamborough P, Barker D, Bartholomew MA, Chung CW, Dümpelfeld B, Evans JP, Fazakerley NJ, Homes P, Keeling SP, Lewell XQ, McNab FW, Morley J, Needham D, Neu M, van Oosterhout AJM, Pal A, Reinhard FBM, Rianjongdee F, Robertson CM, Rowland P, Shah RR, Sherriff EB, Sloan LA, Teague S, Thomas DA, Wellaway N, Wojno-Picon J, Woolven JM, Coe DM. Investigation of Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors for Lung Delivery and the Importance of Aldehyde Oxidase Metabolism. J Med Chem 2021; 65:633-664. [PMID: 34928601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Janus family of tyrosine kinases (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2) play an essential role in the receptor signaling of cytokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, and there is emerging interest in the development of small-molecule-inhaled JAK inhibitors as treatments. Here, we describe the optimization of a quinazoline series of JAK inhibitors and the results of mouse lung pharmacokinetic (PK) studies where only low concentrations of parent compound were observed. Subsequent investigations revealed that the low exposure was due to metabolism by aldehyde oxidase (AO), so we sought to identify quinazolines that were not metabolized by AO. We found that specific substituents at the quinazoline 2-position prevented AO metabolism and this was rationalized through computational docking studies in the AO binding site, but they compromised kinome selectivity. Results presented here highlight that AO metabolism is a potential issue in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Wellaway
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ian R Baldwin
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Bamborough
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Daniel Barker
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michelle A Bartholomew
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Chun-Wa Chung
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Birgit Dümpelfeld
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John P Evans
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Neal J Fazakerley
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Homes
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Steven P Keeling
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Xiao Q Lewell
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Finlay W McNab
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Joanne Morley
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Deborah Needham
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Margarete Neu
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Anshu Pal
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Francesco Rianjongdee
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Craig M Robertson
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Rowland
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rishi R Shah
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Emma B Sherriff
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Lisa A Sloan
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Simon Teague
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Daniel A Thomas
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Natalie Wellaway
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Justyna Wojno-Picon
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - James M Woolven
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Diane M Coe
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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12
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Georas SN, Donohue P, Connolly M, Wechsler ME. JAK inhibitors for asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:953-963. [PMID: 34625142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by intermittent episodes of wheezing, chest tightness, and cough. Many of the inflammatory pathways implicated in asthma involve cytokines and growth factors that activate Janus kinases (JAKs). The discovery of the JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway was a major breakthrough that revolutionized our understanding of cell growth and differentiation. JAK inhibitors are under active investigation for immune and inflammatory diseases, and they have demonstrated clinical efficacy in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and atopic dermatitis. Substantial preclinical data support the idea that inhibiting JAKs will ameliorate airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in asthma. Here, we review the rationale for use of JAK inhibitors in different asthma endotypes as well as the preclinical and early clinical evidence supporting such use. We review preclinical data from the use of systemic and inhaled JAK inhibitors in animal models of asthma and safety data based on the use of JAK inhibitors in other diseases. We conclude that JAK inhibitors have the potential to usher in a new era of anti-inflammatory treatment for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve N Georas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
| | | | - Margaret Connolly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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13
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Szmigiel-Bakalarz K, Nentwig M, Oeckler O, Malik M. Structural (X-ray), spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman) and computational (DFT) analysis of intermolecular interactions in 1H-indazole-3-carbaldehyde. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Small molecule approaches to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (Part I): Kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 38:127862. [PMID: 33609659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases place a huge burden on the healthcare system. Small molecule (SM) therapeutics provide much needed complementary treatment options for these diseases. This digest series highlights the latest progress in the discovery and development of safe and efficacious SMs to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases with each part representing a class of SMs, namely: 1) protein kinases; 2) nucleic acid-sensing pathways; and 3) soluble ligands and receptors on cell surfaces. In this first part of the series, the focus is on kinase inhibitors that emerged between 2018 and 2020, and which exhibit increased target and tissue selectivity with the aim of increasing their therapeutic index.
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15
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Sales DK, Simplício LM, da Silva CD, Enju CM, Silva VB, Paulo TDF, Santos IP, Quadros HC, Meira CS, Soares MB, Lopes LGDF, de Sousa EH, de Sá DS. A bis-indazolic ruthenium(II) complex: Reactivity and biological studies on cancer cells. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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16
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He Y, Yang J, Liu Q, Zhang X, Fan X. Synthesis of β-Methylsulfonylated N-Heterocycles from Saturated Cyclic Amines with the Insertion of Sulfur Dioxide. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15600-15609. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jintao Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Qimeng Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Abstract
Despite recent advances in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, unmet medical needs in some areas still exist. One of the main therapeutic approaches to alleviate dysregulated inflammation has been to target the activity of kinases that regulate production of inflammatory mediators. Small-molecule kinase inhibitors have the potential for broad efficacy, convenience and tissue penetrance, and thus often offer important advantages over biologics. However, designing kinase inhibitors with target selectivity and minimal off-target effects can be challenging. Nevertheless, immense progress has been made in advancing kinase inhibitors with desirable drug-like properties into the clinic, including inhibitors of JAKs, IRAK4, RIPKs, BTK, SYK and TPL2. This Review will address the latest discoveries around kinase inhibitors with an emphasis on clinically validated autoimmunity and inflammatory pathways. Unmet medical needs in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases still exist. This Review discusses the activity of kinases that regulate production of inflammatory mediators and the recent advances in developing inhibitors to target such kinases.
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18
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Lo Bello F, Hansbro PM, Donovan C, Coppolino I, Mumby S, Adcock IM, Caramori G. New drugs under development for COPD. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2020; 25:419-431. [DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2020.1819982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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19
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Mirza MU, Froeyen M. Structural elucidation of SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins: Computational methods reveal potential drug candidates against main protease, Nsp12 polymerase and Nsp13 helicase. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:320-328. [PMID: 32346490 PMCID: PMC7187848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 caused a major outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and instigated a widespread fear, threatening global health safety. To date, no licensed antiviral drugs or vaccines are available against COVID-19 although several clinical trials are under way to test possible therapies. During this urgent situation, computational drug discovery methods provide an alternative to tiresome high-throughput screening, particularly in the hit-to-lead-optimization stage. Identification of small molecules that specifically target viral replication apparatus has indicated the highest potential towards antiviral drug discovery. In this work, we present potential compounds that specifically target SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins, including the main protease, Nsp12 RNA polymerase and Nsp13 helicase. An integrative virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations approach has facilitated the identification of potential binding modes and favourable molecular interaction profile of corresponding compounds. Moreover, the identification of structurally important binding site residues in conserved motifs located inside the active site highlights relative importance of ligand binding based on residual energy decomposition analysis. Although the current study lacks experimental validation, the structural information obtained from this computational study has paved way for the design of targeted inhibitors to combat COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matheus Froeyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Ren S, Xing Y, Wang C, Jiang F, Liu G, Li Z, Jiang T, Zhu Y, Piao D. Fraxetin inhibits the growth of colon adenocarcinoma cells via the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signalling pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 125:105777. [PMID: 32504672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fraxetin, extracted from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, has been shown to exhibit antitumour and anti-inflammatory pharmacological properties. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer activity towards colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is not well understood. We aimed to determine the antitumour effect of fraxetin on COAD cell lines and elucidate its biochemical and molecular targets. METHODS The cell lines HCT116 and DLD-1 were used to evaluate the in vitro antitumour efficacy of fraxetin. Cytotoxicity and viability were assessed by CCK-8 and plate colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis and cell cycle progression in fraxetin-treated COAD cells. Western blot, RT-qPCR, molecular docking, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analyses were used to gain insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms. Preclinical curative effects were evaluated in nude mouse xenograft models. RESULTS Fraxetin significantly inhibited COAD cell proliferation in both dose- and time-dependent manners, specifically by inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest and triggering intrinsic apoptosis. Additionally, the level of p-JAK2 was decreased by fraxetin via the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signalling pathway. Interestingly, in COAD cells, fraxetin directly targeted the Y1007 and Y1008 residues of JAK2 to suppress its auto- or transphosphorylation, leading to decreased activation of its downstream effector STAT3 and blocking its nuclear translocation. Finally, fraxetin exhibited good tumour growth suppression activity and low toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Fraxetin inhibits the proliferation of COAD cells by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway, providing evidence that targeting JAK2 with fraxetin may offer a novel potential auxiliary therapy for COAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengbo Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengqi Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- The Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Daxun Piao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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21
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Katigbak J, Li H, Rooklin D, Zhang Y. AlphaSpace 2.0: Representing Concave Biomolecular Surfaces Using β-Clusters. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:1494-1508. [PMID: 31995373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Modern rational modulator design and structure-function characterization often concentrate on concave regions of biomolecular surfaces, ranging from well-defined small-molecule binding sites to large protein-protein interaction interfaces. Here, we introduce a β-cluster as a pseudomolecular representation of fragment-centric pockets detected by AlphaSpace [J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2015, 55, 1585], a recently developed computational analysis tool for topographical mapping of biomolecular concavities. By mimicking the shape as well as atomic details of potential molecular binders, this new β-cluster representation allows direct pocket-to-ligand shape comparison and can be used to guide ligand optimization. Furthermore, we defined the β-score, the optimal Vina score of the β-cluster, as an indicator of pocket ligandability and developed an ensemble β-cluster approach, which allows one-to-one pocket mapping and comparison among aligned protein structures. We demonstrated the utility of β-cluster representation by applying the approach to a wide variety of problems including binding site detection and comparison, characterization of protein-protein interactions, and fragment-based ligand optimization. These new β-cluster functionalities have been implemented in AlphaSpace 2.0, which is freely available on the web at http://www.nyu.edu/projects/yzhang/AlphaSpace2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Katigbak
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - David Rooklin
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Yingkai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
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22
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Westermeyer A, Guillamot G, Phansavath P, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Electrophilic ring fluorination of 3,5-disubstituted pyrazoles: application to the formal synthesis of a neprilysin inhibitor key intermediate. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The access to a new family of unusual 4-fluorinated pyrazoles bearing acetal moities at the 3- or 5-position has been achieved by electrophilic fluorination using Selectfluor® with yields up to 67%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Westermeyer
- PSL University
- Chimie ParisTech-CNRS
- Institute of Chemistry for Life & Health Sciences
- CSB2D Team
- 75005 Paris
| | | | - Phannarath Phansavath
- PSL University
- Chimie ParisTech-CNRS
- Institute of Chemistry for Life & Health Sciences
- CSB2D Team
- 75005 Paris
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23
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Aprile S, Serafini M, Pirali T. Soft drugs for dermatological applications: recent trends. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2234-2246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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24
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Yang M, Tao B, Chen C, Jia W, Sun S, Zhang T, Wang X. Machine Learning Models Based on Molecular Fingerprints and an Extreme Gradient Boosting Method Lead to the Discovery of JAK2 Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:5002-5012. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Bingzhong Tao
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Chengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wenqiang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shaolei Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of the Institute of Materia Medica and Yuan Qi Zhi Yao, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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25
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Bach J, Eastwood P, González J, Gómez E, Alonso JA, Fonquerna S, Lozoya E, Orellana A, Maldonado M, Calaf E, Albertí J, Pérez J, Andrés A, Prats N, Carreño C, Calama E, De Alba J, Calbet M, Miralpeix M, Ramis I. Identification of 2-Imidazopyridine and 2-Aminopyridone Purinones as Potent Pan-Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors for the Inhaled Treatment of Respiratory Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:9045-9060. [PMID: 31609613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinases (JAKs) have a key role in regulating the expression and function of relevant inflammatory cytokines involved in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Herein are described the design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of a series of novel purinone JAK inhibitors with profiles suitable for inhaled administration. Replacement of the imidazopyridine hinge binding motif present in the initial compounds of this series with a pyridone ring resulted in the mitigation of cell cytotoxicity. Further systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) efforts driven by structural biology studies led to the discovery of pyridone 34, a potent pan-JAK inhibitor with good selectivity, long lung retention time, low oral bioavailability, and proven efficacy in the lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model of airway inflammation by the inhaled route.
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26
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Gontcharov A, Magano J, Samp L, Houck TL, Rose PR, Rane A, Coe JW, Kortum SW, Chung S, Jones P, Pattavina D. Development of a Scalable Synthesis for an Inhaled pan-JAK Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gontcharov
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Javier Magano
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Lacey Samp
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Tim L. Houck
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Peter R. Rose
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Anil Rane
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jotham W. Coe
- Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steven W. Kortum
- Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - SeungWon Chung
- Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Peter Jones
- Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David Pattavina
- Analytical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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27
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Zak M, Dengler HS, Rajapaksa NS. Inhaled Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors for the treatment of asthma. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126658. [PMID: 31522830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiple asthma-relevant cytokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and TSLP depend upon JAKs for signaling. JAK inhibition may, therefore, offer a novel intervention strategy for patients with disease refractory to current standards of care. Multiple systemically delivered JAK inhibitors have been approved for human use or are under clinical evaluation in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, the on-target side effect profiles of these agents are likely not tolerable for many asthmatic patients. Limiting JAK inhibition to the lung is expected to improve therapeutic index relative to systemic inhibition. Thus, inhaled JAK inhibitors with lung-restricted exposure are of high interest as potential treatments for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Zak
- Genentech Inc., Discovery Chemistry, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Hart S Dengler
- Genentech Inc., Immunology Department, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Naomi S Rajapaksa
- Genentech Inc., Discovery Chemistry, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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28
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Musumeci F, Greco C, Giacchello I, Fallacara AL, Ibrahim MM, Grossi G, Brullo C, Schenone S. An Update on JAK Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1806-1832. [PMID: 29589523 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180327093502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinases (JAKs) are a family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, composed by four members, JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2. JAKs are involved in different inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as well as in malignancies, through the activation of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. Furthermore, the V617F mutation in JAK2 was identified in patients affected by myeloproliferative neoplasms. This knowledge prompted researchers from academia and pharmaceutical companies to investigate this field in order to discover small molecule JAK inhibitors. These efforts recently afforded to the market approval of four JAK inhibitors. Despite the fact that all these drugs are pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives, many compounds endowed with different heterocyclic scaffolds have been reported in the literature as selective or multi-JAK inhibitors, and a number of them is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review we will report many representative compounds that have been published in articles or patents in the last five years (period 2013-2017). The inhibitors will be classified on the basis of their chemical structure, focusing, when possible, on their structure activity relationships, selectivity and biological activity. For every class of derivatives, compounds disclosed before 2013 that have entered clinical trials will also be briefly reported, to underline the importance of a particular chemical scaffold in the search for new inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Greco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Giacchello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Fallacara
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Munjed M Ibrahim
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955-Makkah Al- Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giancarlo Grossi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Brullo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Schenone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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29
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Zhang D, Hop CECA, Patilea-Vrana G, Gampa G, Seneviratne HK, Unadkat JD, Kenny JR, Nagapudi K, Di L, Zhou L, Zak M, Wright MR, Bumpus NN, Zang R, Liu X, Lai Y, Khojasteh SC. Drug Concentration Asymmetry in Tissues and Plasma for Small Molecule-Related Therapeutic Modalities. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:1122-1135. [PMID: 31266753 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.086744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The well accepted "free drug hypothesis" for small-molecule drugs assumes that only the free (unbound) drug concentration at the therapeutic target can elicit a pharmacologic effect. Unbound (free) drug concentrations in plasma are readily measurable and are often used as surrogates for the drug concentrations at the site of pharmacologic action in pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis and clinical dose projection in drug discovery. Furthermore, for permeable compounds at pharmacokinetic steady state, the free drug concentration in tissue is likely a close approximation of that in plasma; however, several factors can create and maintain disequilibrium between the free drug concentration in plasma and tissue, leading to free drug concentration asymmetry. These factors include drug uptake and extrusion mechanisms involving the uptake and efflux drug transporters, intracellular biotransformation of prodrugs, membrane receptor-mediated uptake of antibody-drug conjugates, pH gradients, unique distribution properties (covalent binders, nanoparticles), and local drug delivery (e.g., inhalation). The impact of these factors on the free drug concentrations in tissues can be represented by K p,uu, the ratio of free drug concentration between tissue and plasma at steady state. This review focuses on situations in which free drug concentrations in tissues may differ from those in plasma (e.g., K p,uu > or <1) and discusses the limitations of the surrogate approach of using plasma-free drug concentration to predict free drug concentrations in tissue. This is an important consideration for novel therapeutic modalities since systemic exposure as a driver of pharmacologic effects may provide limited value in guiding compound optimization, selection, and advancement. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of the relationship between free drug concentrations in plasma and tissues is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglu Zhang
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Cornelis E C A Hop
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Gabriela Patilea-Vrana
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Gautham Gampa
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Herana Kamal Seneviratne
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Jashvant D Unadkat
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Jane R Kenny
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Karthik Nagapudi
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Li Di
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Lian Zhou
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Mark Zak
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Matthew R Wright
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Namandjé N Bumpus
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Richard Zang
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Xingrong Liu
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - Yurong Lai
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
| | - S Cyrus Khojasteh
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California (D.Z., C.E.C.A.H., J.R.K., K.N., M.Z., M.R.W., R.Z., S.C.K.); Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (H.K.S., N.N.B.); Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.P.-V., J.D.U.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (X.L.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut (L.D.); Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana (L.Z.); and Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California (Y.L.)
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Calbet M, Ramis I, Calama E, Carreño C, Paris S, Maldonado M, Orellana A, Calaf E, Pauta M, De Alba J, Bach J, Miralpeix M. Novel Inhaled Pan-JAK Inhibitor, LAS194046, Reduces Allergen-Induced Airway Inflammation, Late Asthmatic Response, and pSTAT Activation in Brown Norway Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:137-147. [PMID: 31085698 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.256263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus-activated kinase (JAK) family together with signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway has a key role in regulating the expression and function of many inflammatory cytokines. This has led to the discovery of JAK inhibitors for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, some of them already in the market. Considering the adverse effects associated with JAK inhibition by oral route, we wanted to explore whether JAK inhibition by inhaled route is enough to inhibit airway inflammation. The aim of this study was to characterize the enzymatic and cellular potency and the selectivity of LAS194046, a novel JAK inhibitor, compared with the reference compounds ruxolitinib and tofacitinib. The efficacy of this new JAK inhibitor is described in a model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation in Brown Norway rats by inhaled administration. As potential markers of target engagement, we assessed the effect of LAS194046 on the STAT activation state. LAS194046 is a selective inhaled pan-JAK inhibitor that reduces allergen-induced airway inflammation, late asthmatic response, and phosphor-STAT activation in the rat OVA model. Our results show that topical inhibition of JAK in the lung, without relevant systemic exposure, is sufficient to reduce lung inflammation and improve lung function in a rat asthma model. In summary, JAK-STAT pathway inhibition by inhaled route constitutes a promising therapeutic option for lung inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Calbet
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Ramis
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Calama
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Stephane Paris
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena Calaf
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Pauta
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge De Alba
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bach
- Almirall R&D Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Bell M, Foley D, Naylor C, Wood G, Robinson C, Riley J, Epemolu O, Ellis L, Scullion P, Shishikura Y, Osuna-Cabello M, Ferguson L, Pinto E, Fletcher D, Katz E, McLean WHI, Wyatt P, Read KD, Woodland A. Discovery of Soft-Drug Topical Tool Modulators of Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 1 (S1PR1). ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:341-347. [PMID: 30891137 PMCID: PMC6421539 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
In
order to study the role of S1PRs in inflammatory skin disease,
S1PR modulators are dosed orally and topically in animal models of
disease. The topical application of S1PR modulators in these models
may, however, lead to systemic drug concentrations, which can complicate
interpretation of the observed effects. We set out to design soft
drug S1PR modulators as topical tool compounds to overcome this limitation.
A fast follower approach starting from the drug ponesimod allowed
the rapid development of an active phenolic series of soft drugs.
The phenols were, however, chemically unstable. Protecting the phenol
as an ester removed the instability and provided a compound that is
converted by enzymatic hydrolysis in the skin to the phenolic soft
drug species. In simple formulations, topical dosing of these S1PR
modulators to mice led to micromolar skin concentrations but no detectable
blood concentrations. These topical tools will allow researchers to
investigate the role of S1PR in skin, without involvement of systemic
S1PR biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bell
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - David Foley
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, U.K
| | - Claire Naylor
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Gavin Wood
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Colin Robinson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Jennifer Riley
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Ola Epemolu
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Lucy Ellis
- New Modalities, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Paul Scullion
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Yoko Shishikura
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Maria Osuna-Cabello
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Liam Ferguson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Erika Pinto
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Daniel Fletcher
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Elad Katz
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - W. H. Irwin McLean
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Paul Wyatt
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Kevin D Read
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
| | - Andrew Woodland
- Drug Discovery Unit, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DDI 5EH, U.K
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32
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Roth-Walter F, Adcock IM, Benito-Villalvilla C, Bianchini R, Bjermer L, Caramori G, Cari L, Chung K, Diamant Z, Eguiluz-Gracia I, Knol E, Kolios AGA, Levi-Schaffer F, Nocentini G, Palomares O, Puzzovio PG, Redegeld F, van Esch BCAM, Stellato C. Comparing biologicals and small molecule drug therapies for chronic respiratory diseases: An EAACI Taskforce on Immunopharmacology position paper. Allergy 2019; 74:432-448. [PMID: 30353939 DOI: 10.1111/all.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), together with their comorbidities, bear a significant burden on public health. Increased appreciation of molecular networks underlying inflammatory airway disease needs to be translated into new therapies for distinct phenotypes not controlled by current treatment regimens. On the other hand, development of new safe and effective therapies for such respiratory diseases is an arduous and expensive process. Antibody-based (biological) therapies are successful in treating certain respiratory conditions not controlled by standard therapies such as severe allergic and refractory eosinophilic severe asthma, while in other inflammatory respiratory diseases, such as COPD, biologicals are having a more limited impact. Small molecule drug (SMD)-based therapies represent an active field in pharmaceutical research and development. SMDs expand biologicals' therapeutic targets by reaching the intracellular compartment by delivery as either an oral or topically based formulation, offering both convenience and lower costs. Aim of this review was to compare and contrast the distinct pharmacological properties and clinical applications of SMDs- and antibody-based treatment strategies, their limitations and challenges, in order to highlight how they should be integrated for their optimal utilization and to fill the critical gaps in current treatment for these chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine; The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Medical University Vienna and University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Molecular Cell Biology Group; National Heart & Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - Cristina Benito-Villalvilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Comparative Medicine; The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Medical University Vienna and University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lung and Allergy Research; Allergy, Asthma and COPD Competence center; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pulmonary Unit; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Dentistry, Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF); University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Cari
- Department of Medicine; Section of Pharmacology; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Experimental Studies Medicine at National Heart & Lung Institute; Imperial College London; Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust; London UK
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology; Institute for Clinical Science; Skane University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia
- Allergy Unit and Research Laboratory; Regional University Hospital of Málaga and Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA); Málaga Spain
| | - Edward F. Knol
- Departments of Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Giuseppe Nocentini
- Department of Medicine; Section of Pharmacology; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Chemistry; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Pier Giorgio Puzzovio
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Frank A. Redegeld
- Faculty of Science; Division of Pharmacology; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Betty C. A. M. van Esch
- Faculty of Science; Division of Pharmacology; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”; University of Salerno; Salerno Italy
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Liu Y, Wang X, Zeng S, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhang X, Chen X, Yang W, Yang Y, Dong Z, Zhu J, Xu X, Tian F. The natural polyphenol curcumin induces apoptosis by suppressing STAT3 signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:303. [PMID: 30518397 PMCID: PMC6280482 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0959-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background We and others have previously shown that the STAT3 signaling pathway is activated in some esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and is required for the survival and growth of these primary ESCC-derived xenografts. It has also been shown that the natural polyphenol curcumin is an effective anti-tumor agent. Methods Luciferase assay and immunoblotting were performed to examine whether curcumin suppressed STAT3 signaling. CCK-8 assay and xenografts were utilized for analyzing ESCC cell growth in culture and mice. Soft agar assay was carried out to determine the colony formation ability of ESCC cells in the presence or absence of curcumin. Cell death and cell cycle were assessed by In CELL Analyzer 2000. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were used for detecting apoptosis in ESCC tisuses. Molecular docking was performed to evaluate the interaction of curcumin with JAK2. JAK2 activity was assessed using an in vitro cell-free system. HE staining was used to evaluate the ESCC tissues. Results The natural polyphenol curcumin inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation rapidly and blocked STAT3-mediated signaling in ESCC cells. It also induced growth arrest and apoptosis in cultured ESCC cells, which were attenuated by enforced expression of STAT3. Furthermore, curcumin preferentially blocked the growth of primary ESCC-derived xenografts that harbored activated STAT3. Conclusions Curcumin is able to exert anti-tumor action through inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway. Giving its wide use in traditional medicines with low toxicity and few adverse reactions, it is conceivable that curcumin might be further explored as a unique STAT3 inhibitor for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zeng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiane Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjing Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yili Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziming Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China. .,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China. .,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang SG, Liang CG, Zhang WH. Recent Advances in Indazole-Containing Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Perspectives. Molecules 2018; 23:E2783. [PMID: 30373212 PMCID: PMC6278422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Indazole-containing derivatives represent one of the most important heterocycles in drug molecules. Diversely substituted indazole derivatives bear a variety of functional groups and display versatile biological activities; hence, they have gained considerable attention in the field of medicinal chemistry. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in various methods for the synthesis of indazole derivatives. The current developments in the biological activities of indazole-based compounds are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Guang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chao-Gen Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wei-Hua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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35
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Topical Janus kinase inhibitors: A review of applications in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 79:535-544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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36
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Gadina M, Johnson C, Schwartz D, Bonelli M, Hasni S, Kanno Y, Changelian P, Laurence A, O'Shea JJ. Translational and clinical advances in JAK-STAT biology: The present and future of jakinibs. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:499-514. [PMID: 29999544 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ri0218-084r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this era, it is axiomatic that cytokines have critical roles in cellular development and differentiation, immune homeostasis, and host defense. Equally, dysregulation of cytokines is known to contribute to diverse inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders. In fact, the past 20 years have witnessed the rapid translation of basic discoveries in cytokine biology to multiple successful biological agents (mAbs and recombinant fusion proteins) that target cytokines. These targeted therapies have not only fundamentally changed the face of multiple immune-mediated diseases but have also unequivocally established the role of specific cytokines in human disease; cytokine biologists have many times over provided remarkable basic advances with direct clinical benefit. Numerous cytokines rely on the JAK-STAT pathway for signaling, and new, safe, and effective small molecule inhibitors have been developed for a range of disorders. In this review, we will briefly summarize basic discoveries in cytokine signaling and briefly comment on some major unresolved issues. We will review clinical data pertaining to the first generation of JAK inhibitors and their clinical indications, discuss additional opportunities for targeting this pathway, and lay out some of the challenges that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Gadina
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Catrina Johnson
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniella Schwartz
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Bonelli
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarfaraz Hasni
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul Changelian
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Arian Laurence
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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37
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Brown DG, Boström J. Where Do Recent Small Molecule Clinical Development Candidates Come From? J Med Chem 2018; 61:9442-9468. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dean G. Brown
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Jonas Boström
- Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Gothenburg SE-431 83, Sweden
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38
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Bryan MC, Rajapaksa NS. Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Immunological Disorders: Recent Advances. J Med Chem 2018; 61:9030-9058. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian C. Bryan
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Naomi S. Rajapaksa
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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39
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Zhan Y, Ding X, Wang H, Yu H, Ren F. A mild and efficient THP protection of indazoles and benzyl alcohols in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Balwe SG, Jeong YT. One-step construction of complex polyheterocycles via a sequential post-GBB cyclization/spiro ring expansion triggered by a [1,5]-hydride shift. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00071a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An efficient tandem route to novel amino-indazolo[3′,2′:2,3]imidazo[1,5-c]quinazolin-6(5H)-ones has been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Gangadhar Balwe
- Department of Image Science and Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan 608-737
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Tae Jeong
- Department of Image Science and Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan 608-737
- Republic of Korea
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41
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Kersh AE, Ng S, Chang YM, Sasaki M, Thomas SN, Kissick HT, Lesinski GB, Kudchadkar RR, Waller EK, Pollack BP. Targeted Therapies: Immunologic Effects and Potential Applications Outside of Cancer. J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 58:7-24. [PMID: 29136276 PMCID: PMC5972536 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two pharmacologic approaches that are currently at the forefront of treating advanced cancer are those that center on disrupting critical growth/survival signaling pathways within tumor cells (commonly referred to as "targeted therapies") and those that center on enhancing the capacity of a patient's immune system to mount an antitumor response (immunotherapy). Maximizing responses to both of these approaches requires an understanding of the oncogenic events present in a given patient's tumor and the nature of the tumor-immune microenvironment. Although these 2 modalities were developed and initially used independently, combination regimens are now being tested in clinical trials, underscoring the need to understand how targeted therapies influence immunologic events. Translational studies and preclinical models have demonstrated that targeted therapies can influence immune cell trafficking, the production of and response to chemokines and cytokines, antigen presentation, and other processes relevant to antitumor immunity and immune homeostasis. Moreover, because these and other effects of targeted therapies occur in nonmalignant cells, targeted therapies are being evaluated for use in applications outside of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. Kersh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Spencer Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yun Min Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Susan N. Thomas
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Haydn T. Kissick
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gregory B. Lesinski
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ragini R. Kudchadkar
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edmund K. Waller
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brian P. Pollack
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
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42
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Chinnaiya K, Lawson MA, Thomas S, Haider MT, Down J, Chantry AD, Hughes D, Green A, Sayers JR, Snowden JA, Zeidler MP. Low-dose methotrexate in myeloproliferative neoplasm models. Haematologica 2017; 102:e336-e339. [PMID: 28550185 PMCID: PMC5685234 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.165738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Chinnaiya
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Michelle A Lawson
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Sally Thomas
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Jenny Down
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Andrew D Chantry
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - David Hughes
- Department of Histopathology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Antony Green
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge institute for Medical Research and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Jon R Sayers
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - John A Snowden
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, UK
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Martin P Zeidler
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, UK
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