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Wan F, Wang H, Gu Y, Fan G, Hou S, Yu J, Wang M, He F, Tian L. Bromine Substitution Improves the Photothermal Performance of π-Conjugated Phototheranostic Molecules. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303502. [PMID: 37915302 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) has been widely investigated due to its great application potential in tumor theranostics. PTT is an effective and non-invasive tumor treatment method that can adapt to tumor hypoxia; nevertheless, simple and effective strategies are still desired to develop new materials with excellent PTT properties to meet clinical requirements. In this work, we developed a bromine-substitution strategy to enhance the PTT of A-D-A'-D-A π-conjugated molecules. The experimental results reveal that bromine substitution can notably enhance the absorptivity (ϵ) and photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of the π-conjugated molecules, resulting in the brominated molecules generating two times more heat (ϵ808 nm ×PCE) than their unsubstituted counterpart. We disclose that the enhanced photothermal properties of bromine-substituted π-conjugated molecules are a combined outcome of the heavy-atom effect, enhanced ICT effect, and more intense bromine-mediate intermolecular π-π stacking. Finally, the NIR-II tumor imaging capability and efficient PTT tumor ablation of the brominated π-conjugated materials demonstrate that bromine substitution is a promising strategy for developing future high-performance NIR-II imaging-guided PTT agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Wan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis and, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis and, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Guilin Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shengxin Hou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiantao Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis and, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Leilei Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
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2
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Deng M, Xu X, Duan Y, Yu L, Li R, Peng Q. Y-Type Non-Fullerene Acceptors with Outer Branched Side Chains and Inner Cyclohexane Side Chains for 19.36% Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210760. [PMID: 36599710 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Raising the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of Y-type non-fullerene acceptors can increase the open-circuit voltage (Voc ) and thus the photovoltaic performance of the current top performing polymer solar cells (PSCs). One of the viable routes is demonstrated by the successful Y6 derivative of L8-BO with the branched alkyl chains at the outer side. This will introduce steric hindrance and reduce intermolecular aggregation, thus open up the bandgap and raise the LUMO energy level. To take further advantages of the steric hindrance influence on optoelectronic properties of Y6 derivatives, two Y-type non-fullerene acceptors of BTP-Cy-4F and BTP-Cy-4Cl are designed and synthesized by adopting outer branched side chains and inner cyclohexane side chains. An outstanding Voc of 0.937 V is achieved in the D18:BTP-Cy-4F binary blend devices along with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.52%. With the addition of BTP-eC9 to extend the absorption spectral coverage, a remarkable PCE of 19.36% is realized finally in the related ternary blend devices, which is one of the highest values for single-junction PSCs at present. The results illustrate the great potential of cyclohexane side chains in constructing high-performance non-fullerene acceptors and their PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, NY, 11 973, USA
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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3
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Structure modification of isoindigo copolymer synthesized by direct arylation that improves the open circuit voltage on organic solar cells. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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A thriving decade: rational design, green synthesis, and cutting-edge applications of isoindigo-based conjugated polymers in organic field-effect transistors. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Recent Progress in Indacenodithiophene-Based Acceptor Materials for Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:18. [PMID: 35246763 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Domesticating solar energy by exploiting photovoltaic technology has become a quintessential strategy for future global energy production. Since 2015, non-fullerene organic solar cells (NF-OSC) have attracted a great deal of attention owing to the marvellous properties of non-fullerene acceptors (NFA) such as structural versability, broad absorption, suitable energy levels, tunable charge transport and morphology, leading to remarkable accomplishments in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 1% to nearly 20%. One class of materials is provided by the fused ring aromatic indacenodithiophene (IDT) and its derivatives, which are emerging continuously as promising next-generation building blocks to construct high performance photovoltaic materials. Encouraging PCEs of more than 15% have been achieved in their binary NF-OSCs, while careful device engineering and proper amalgamation of a third component have led to PCEs of almost 18% in ternary devices. This review surveys recent developments in the area of IDT-based materials for photovoltaic applications. Different strategies to develop efficient IDT-based NFA and factors influencing the bandgaps, molecular energy levels, charge transport properties, and film morphologies, as well as the photovoltaic performance of these materials, are discussed.
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6
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Wang Y, Zhang C, Yang B, Yuan L, Gong J, Liu Z, Wu Y, Chen H. The Halogenation Effects of Electron Acceptor ITIC for Organic Photovoltaic Nano-Heterojunctions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3417. [PMID: 34947765 PMCID: PMC8708652 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Molecular engineering plays a critical role in the development of electron donor and acceptor materials for improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). The halogenated acceptor materials in OPVs have shown high PCE. Here, to investigate the halogenation mechanism and the effects on OPV performances, based on the density functional theory calculations with the optimally tuned screened range-separated hybrid functional and the consideration of solid polarization effects, we addressed the halogenation effects of acceptor ITIC, which were modeled by bis-substituted ITIC with halogen and coded as IT-2X (X = F, Cl, Br), and PBDB-T:ITIC, PBDB-T:IT-2X (X = F, Cl, Br) complexes on their geometries, electronic structures, excitations, electrostatic potentials, and the rate constants of charge transfer, exciton dissociation (ED), and charge recombination processes at the heterojunction interface. The results indicated that halogenation of ITIC slightly affects molecular geometric structures, energy levels, optical absorption spectra, exciton binding energies, and excitation properties. However, the halogenation of ITIC significantly enlarges the electrostatic potential difference between the electron acceptor and donor PBDB-T with the order from fluorination and chlorination to bromination. The halogenation also increases the transferred charges of CT states for the complexes. Meanwhile, the halogenation effects on CT energies and electron process rates depend on different haloid elements. No matter which kinds of haloid elements were introduced in the halogenation of acceptors, the ED is always efficient in these OPV devices. This work provides an understanding of the halogenation mechanism, and is also conducive to the designing of novel materials with the aid of the halogenation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Cairong Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Jijun Gong
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Zijiang Liu
- Department of Physics, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Youzhi Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
| | - Hongshan Chen
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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7
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Zhang Z, Sun Y, Zhao X, Jin N, Xi G, Zhang X, Cao J, Wu J, Fan X, Qin W. Novel isoindigo compound with aggregation-induced emission: Br-Br bonding joint restriction of intramolecular motion and cell imaging properties. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:9866-9870. [PMID: 34724018 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00935d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
6,6'-Dibromided tert-butyloxycarbonyl isoindigo (Br-TBOCII) has intense fluorescence in the solid state via excitation with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), contrary to the classic heavy-atom effect. The unique AIE mechanism is attributed to the Br-Br bonding joint restricting intramolecular motion. Furthermore, the water-soluble nanoparticles Br-TBOCII/Pluronic® 127, possess robust photostability, low toxicity and good cell imaging performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030024, P. R. China
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Henan Cigarette Industry Tobacco Sheet Co., Ltd., Xuchang, Henan Province, 461000, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Nanxi Jin
- Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul City, Korea
| | - Gaolei Xi
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Xuedong Zhang
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Jingjin Cao
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wu
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Xia Fan
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Qin
- Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030024, P. R. China
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Lim DH, Ha JW, Choi H, Yoon SC, Lee BR, Ko SJ. Recent progress of ultra-narrow-bandgap polymer donors for NIR-absorbing organic solar cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4306-4320. [PMID: 36133474 PMCID: PMC9419751 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00245g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing organic solar cells (OSCs) have been explored worldwide because of their potential as donor:acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) blends. In addition, NIR-absorbing OSCs have attracted attention as high specialty equipment in next-generation optoelectronic devices, such as semitransparent solar cells and NIR photodetectors, owing to their feasibility for real-time commercial application in industry. With the introduction of NIR-absorbing non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs), the value of OSCs has been increasing while organic donor materials capable of absorbing light in the NIR region have not been actively studied yet compared to NIR-absorbing acceptor materials. Therefore, we present an overall understanding of NIR donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Hee Lim
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
| | - Jong-Woon Ha
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
| | - Hyosung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Nano Science & Technology, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University 04763 Seoul South Korea
| | - Sung Cheol Yoon
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
| | - Bo Ram Lee
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Seo-Jin Ko
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon 34114 South Korea
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9
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Yang J, Hao H, Dai H, Xu C, Liu C, Chen X, Yi A, Xu B, Shi G, Chi Z. Recyclable electropolymerized films based on donor-acceptor type AIEE-active chromophore for detecting 2,4,6-trinitrophenol. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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10
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Zhou Y, Qin Y, Ni C, Xie Y. Effect of chlorination and fluorination of benzothiadiazole on the performance of polymer solar cells. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang PR China
| | - Yuancheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang PR China
| | - Cailing Ni
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang PR China
| | - Yu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang PR China
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11
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Zhao Q, Qu J, He F. Chlorination: An Effective Strategy for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000509. [PMID: 32714759 PMCID: PMC7375252 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This work summarizes recent developments in polymer solar cells (PSCs) prepared by a chlorination strategy. The intrinsic property of chlorine atoms, the progress of chlorinated polymers and small molecules, and the synergistic effect of chlorination with other methods to elevate solar conversions are discussed. Halogenation of donor-acceptor (D-A) materials is an effective method to improve the performance of PSCs, which mainly affects the push-pull of electrons between donor and acceptor units due to their strong electron-withdrawing capabilities. Although chlorine is less electronegative than fluorine, it can form very strong noncovalent interactions, such as Cl···S and Cl···π interactions, because its empty 3d orbits can help to accept the electron pairs or π electrons. This synergistic effect of electronegativity together with the empty 3d orbits of chlorine atoms leads to increased intramolecular and intermolecular interactions and a much stronger capability to down-shift the molecular energy levels. This work is intended to support a better understanding of the chlorination strategy to modify the material properties, and thus improve the performance of solar devices. Eventually, it will provide the research community with a clearer pathway to choose proper substitution methods according to different situations for high and stable solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Jianfei Qu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of CatalysisSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
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12
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Wang R, Zhou W, Lin K, Jiang F, Wang Z, Xu J, Zhang Y, Liang A, Nie G, Duan X. Highly efficient electrochemical energy storage of fluorinated nano-polyindoles with different morphology. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Wang H, Liu T, Zhou J, Mo D, Han L, Lai H, Chen H, Zheng N, Zhu Y, Xie Z, He F. Bromination: An Alternative Strategy for Non-Fullerene Small Molecule Acceptors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903784. [PMID: 32382488 PMCID: PMC7201261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The concept of bromination for organic solar cells has received little attention. However, the electron withdrawing ability and noncovalent interactions of bromine are similar to those of fluorine and chlorine atoms. A tetra-brominated non-fullerene acceptor, designated as BTIC-4Br, has been recently developed by introducing bromine atoms onto the end-capping group of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene) malononitrile and displayed a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12%. To further improve its photovoltaic performance, the acceptor is optimized either by introducing a longer alkyl chain to the core or by modulating the numbers of bromine substituents. After changing each end-group to a single bromine, the BTIC-2Br-m-based devices exhibit an outstanding PCE of 16.11% with an elevated open-circuit voltage of V oc = 0.88 V, one of the highest PCEs reported among brominated non-fullerene acceptors. This significant improvement can be attributed to the higher light harvesting efficiency, optimized morphology, and higher exciton quenching efficiencies of the di-brominated acceptor. These results demonstrate that the substitution of bromine onto the terminal group of non-fullerene acceptors results in high-efficiency organic semiconductors, and promotes the use of the halogen-substituted strategy for polymer solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacao999078China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Daize Mo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Liang Han
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Hanjian Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Hui Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
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Yao H, Wang J, Xu Y, Zhang S, Hou J. Recent Progress in Chlorinated Organic Photovoltaic Materials. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:822-832. [PMID: 32216329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusOver the past few years, the development of new materials has contributed to rapid increases in the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells to over 17%, showing great potential for the commercialization of this technology in the near future. At this stage, designing new materials with superior performance and low cost simultaneously is of crucial importance. Chlorinated materials are emerging as new stars with very high PCEs, creating a molecular design trend to replace the most popular fluorinated materials. For example, by using chlorinated non-fullerene acceptors, we recently got a record PCE of 17% for single-junction OPV cells. Firmly based on recent advances, herein we focus on the topic of chlorinated OPV materials, aiming to provide a guideline for further molecular design.In this Account, first, on the basis of most fundamental features of the Cl atom, we highlight the features of chlorinated materials compared with their fluorinated counterparts: (1) Chlorination is more efficient than fluorination in modulating the optical and electrical properties of OPV materials. In many cases, chlorinated materials show lower energy levels and broader absorption spectra than their fluorinated counterparts, which contribute higher output voltages and current densities in the resulting photovoltaic devices. (2) Cl has a large atomic size than F. On one hand, enhanced overlap of π electrons is beneficial for enhancing the intermolecular packing and crystalline property and thus improving the charge transport. On the other hand, if Cl is introduced inappropriately in the backbone or side chain, this feature will cause a more twisted π plane and larger steric hindrance, having negative impacts on the photovoltaic performance of the corresponding materials. (3) Importantly, chlorination is usually chemically cheaper in synthesis, which has the potential to decrease the material cost of OPV cells. Then, we provide a concise review of chlorinated OPV materials, including polymeric and small-molecule donors and non-fullerene acceptors. The photovoltaic performance in various types of OPV cells using chlorinated materials, such as single-junction, tandem, semitransparent, and indoor-light photovoltaic cells is also discussed. For instance, ultranarrow-band-gap chlorinated acceptors can be used to construct highly efficient color-semitransparent OPV cells, and the wide-band-gap chlorinated materials show great potential for fabricating indoor-light photovoltaic devices. Finally, we briefly discuss current questions related to chlorinated OPV materials and highlight the significance of chlorination in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ye Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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15
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Kini GP, Jeon SJ, Moon DK. Design Principles and Synergistic Effects of Chlorination on a Conjugated Backbone for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics: A Critical Review. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906175. [PMID: 32020712 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of low-cost, flexible, and lightweight renewable power resources has led to outstanding advancements in organic solar cells (OSCs). Among the successful design principles developed for synthesizing efficient conjugated electron donor (ED) or acceptor (EA) units for OSCs, chlorination has recently emerged as a reliable approach, despite being neglected over the years. In fact, several recent studies have indicated that chlorination is more potent for large-scale production than the highly studied fluorination in several aspects, such as easy and low-cost synthesis of materials, lowering energy levels, easy tuning of molecular orientation, and morphology, thus realizing impressive power conversion efficiencies in OSCs up to 17%. Herein, an up-to-date summary of the current progress in photovoltaic results realized by incorporating a chlorinated ED or EA into OSCs is presented to recognize the benefits and drawbacks of this interesting substituent in photoactive materials. Furthermore, other aspects of chlorinated materials for application in all-small-molecule, semitransparent, tandem, ternary, single-component, and indoor OSCs are also presented. Consequently, a concise outlook is provided for future design and development of chlorinated ED or EA units, which will facilitate utilization of this approach to achieve the goal of low-cost and large-area OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gururaj P Kini
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Sung Jae Jeon
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Doo Kyung Moon
- Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Korea
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16
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Meng H, Li Y, Pang B, Li Y, Xiang Y, Guo L, Li X, Zhan C, Huang J. Effects of Halogenation in B ← N Embedded Polymer Acceptors on Performance of All-Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2733-2742. [PMID: 31856566 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Halogenation, for example, fluorination and chlorination, is an effective strategy to regulate the performance of organic photovoltaic materials. Although fluorination has been widely applied to polymer acceptors, systematic studies on the comparison of nonhalogenated, fluorinated, and chlorinated polymer acceptors have been a blank to now. Herein, a B ← N embedded electron-deficient unit (A), namely, BNIDT was copolymerized with three electron-rich units (D), that is, benzodithiophene (BDT), fluorinated BDT, and chlorinated BDT to obtain three D-A polymers of BN-BDT, BN-BDT-F, and BN-BDT-Cl, respectively. The three polymers exhibit similar LUMOs of ca. -3.77 eV, whereas the HOMOs are remarkably decreased from BN-BDT (-5.46 eV) to BN-BDT-F (-5.71 eV) and further slightly lowered to BN-BDT-Cl (-5.74 eV). All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) were fabricated using PBDB-T as the donor and the three B ← N-based polymers as the acceptors. The efficiencies of all-PSCs were significantly promoted from nonhalogenated BN-BDT (1.60%) to fluorinated BN-BDT-F (3.71%) and further elevated to chlorinated BN-BDT-Cl (4.23%). Device characterizations revealed that halogenation on the polymer acceptors leads to enhanced hole-transfer driving forces and better donor/acceptor miscibility, for example, smaller domain sizes and root-mean-square roughness (rms) values, which further gives rise to higher and more balanced hole/electron mobilities and efficient physical processes, for example, efficient exciton dissociation and collection and weaker recombination losses in halogenated devices. This work demonstrates that the photovoltaic performance of nonhalogenated polymer acceptors can be remarkably boosted by fluorination and further enhanced by chlorination. This is the first systematic study on the halogenated polymer acceptors by comprehensively comparing nonhalogenated, fluorinated, and chlorinated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Meng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen 361021 , P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yongchun Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen 361021 , P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Bo Pang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen 361021 , P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen 361021 , P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Ying Xiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen 361021 , P. R. China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen 361021 , P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Linyi University , Linyi 276000 , China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen 361021 , P. R. China
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17
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An C, Zheng Z, Hou J. Recent progress in wide bandgap conjugated polymer donors for high-performance nonfullerene organic photovoltaics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4750-4760. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01038c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This feature article summarizes our recent achievements in the development of wide bandgap polymer donors as high-performance organic photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunbin An
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
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18
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Tang A, Zhang Q, Du M, Li G, Geng Y, Zhang J, Wei Z, Sun X, Zhou E. Molecular Engineering of D−π–A Copolymers Based on 4,8-Bis(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDT-T-Cl) for High-Performance Fullerene-Free Organic Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mengzhen Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Gongqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yanfang Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Erjun Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Henan Institutes of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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19
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Du Y, Yao H, Galuska L, Ge F, Wang X, Lu H, Zhang G, Gu X, Qiu L. Side-Chain Engineering To Optimize the Charge Transport Properties of Isoindigo-Based Random Terpolymers for High-Performance Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luke Galuska
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States of America
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20
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Aumaitre C, Morin J. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Potential Building Blocks for Organic Solar Cells. CHEM REC 2019; 19:1142-1154. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201900016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Aumaitre
- Department of Chemistry and Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA) 1045 Ave de la Medicine, Université Laval Quebec City, QC Canada G1V0A6
| | - Jean‐François Morin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA) 1045 Ave de la Medicine, Université Laval Quebec City, QC Canada G1V0A6
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21
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Zhong X, Chen H, Wang M, Gan S, He Q, Chen W, He F. Synergistic Effect of Chlorination and Selenophene: Achieving Elevated Solar Conversion in Highly Aggregated Systems. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Meijing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shenglong Gan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Qiming He
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Feng He
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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22
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Xue N, Wei Y, Zhang G, Liu L, Zhang L. Influence of Backbone Chlorination on the Electronic Properties of Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-Based Dimers. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1050-1058. [PMID: 30802356 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chlorination of π-conjugated backbones is garnering great interest because of fine-tuning electronic properties of conjugated materials for organic devices. Herein we report a synthesis of thiophene-based diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dimers and their chlorinated counterparts by introducing a chlorine atom in the outer thiophene ring to investigate the influence of the chlorination on charge transport. The backbone chlorination lowers both the HOMO and the LUMO of the dimers and leads to a blue-shift of maximum absorption in compared to unsubstituted counterparts. X-ray analysis reveals that the chlorine atom prompts the outer thiophene ring out of the planarity of the backbone with a relatively large torsional angle. The chlorinated dimers exhibit slipped one-dimensional packing decorated with multiple intermolecular interactions, because of a combination of a negative inductive effect and a positive mesomeric effect of the halogen atom, which might facilitate charge transport within the oligomeric backbones. The mobility in the single-crystal OFET devices of the chlorinated dimers is up to 1.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 , which is two times higher than that of the non-chlorinated DPP dimers. Our results indicate that the chlorine atom plays a key role in directing non-covalent interactions to lock the slipped stacks, enabling electronic coupling between adjacent molecules for efficient charge transport. In addition, our results also demonstrate that these DPP dimers with straight n-octyl chains exhibit higher mobilities than the dimers with branched 2-ethylhexyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xue
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Wei
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Lele Liu
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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23
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Hasegawa T, Ashizawa M, Kawauchi S, Masunaga H, Ohta N, Matsumoto H. Fluorination and chlorination effects on quinoxalineimides as an electron-deficient building block for n-channel organic semiconductors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:10807-10813. [PMID: 35515293 PMCID: PMC9062530 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The quinoxalineimide (QI) unit, containing the electron-withdrawing quinoxaline and imide groups, is an electron-deficient building block for organic semiconductor materials. In this study, three fluorinated or chlorinated QIs (QI-1F, QI-2F, and QI-2Cl), have been designed and developed. We report the impact of the fluorination or chlorination of the QI unit on the electronic structures and charge carrier transport properties as compared to unsubstituted QI (QI-2H) bearing the same n-hexyl side chains. The frontier molecular orbital energy levels downshifted with the incorporation of fluorine or chlorine atoms onto the π-framework of QI. Single-crystal structure analyses revealed that all QI-based molecules have an entirely planar backbone and are packed into two-dimensional slipped stacks with diagonal electronic coupling that enables two-dimensional charge carrier transport. Notably, the doubly fluorinated or chlorinated QIs formed compact molecular packing in the single-crystal structures through an infinite intermolecular network relative to unsubstituted QI (QI-2H). The field-effect transistor-based QI molecules exhibited typical n-channel transport properties. As compared to unsubstituted QI (QI-2H), the chlorinated QI exhibited improved electron mobilities up to 7.1 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1. The threshold voltages of the fluorinated or chlorinated QI devices were clearly smaller than that of QI-2H, which reflects the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels of the molecules. This study demonstrates that the fluorinated or chlorinated QIs are versatile building blocks in creating n-channel organic semiconductor materials. Three fluorinated or chlorinated quinoxalineimide units (QI-1F, QI-2F, and QI-2Cl) have been designed and developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Hasegawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
| | - Minoru Ashizawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
| | - Susumu Kawauchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)/SPring-8
- Japan
| | - Noboru Ohta
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)/SPring-8
- Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
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24
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Liu Z, Gao Y, Dong J, Yang M, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wen J, Ma H, Gao X, Chen W, Shao M. Chlorinated Wide-Bandgap Donor Polymer Enabling Annealing Free Nonfullerene Solar Cells with the Efficiency of 11.5. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6955-6962. [PMID: 30485106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Substituting the hydrogen atoms on the conjugated side chain of a wide-bandgap polymer J52 with chlorine atoms can simultaneously increase the Jsc, Voc, and FF of nonfullerene OSCs, leading to an efficiency boost from 3.78 to 11.53%, which is among the highest efficiencies for as-cast OSCs reported to date. To illustrate the impressive 3-fold PCE enhancement, the chlorination effect on the optical properties and energy levels of polymers, film morphology, and underlying charge dynamics is systematically investigated. Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering studies show that chlorinated J52-2Cl exhibits strong molecule aggregation, the preferred face-on orientation, and enhanced intermolecular π-π interactions, hence increasing the charge carrier mobility by 1 order of magnitude. Moreover, chlorination modifies the miscibility between the donor and acceptor and consequently optimizes the phase separation morphology of J52-2Cl:ITIC blend films. These results highlight chlorination as a promising approach to achieve highly efficient as-cast OSCs without any extra treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitian Liu
- Institute of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430205 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yerun Gao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Dong
- Institute of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430205 , People's Republic of China
| | - Minlang Yang
- Institute of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430205 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Institute of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430205 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430205 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Institute of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430205 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Materials Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
- Institute of Molecular Engineering , The University of Chicago , 5640 South Ellis Avenue , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Ming Shao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
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25
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Lu Q, Cai W, Zhang X, Yang C, Ge H, Chen Y, Niu H, Wang W. Multifunctional polymers for electrochromic, memory device, explosive detection and photodetector: Donor-acceptor conjugated isoindigo derivatives with strong fluorescence. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Randell NM, Kelly TL. Recent Advances in Isoindigo-Inspired Organic Semiconductors. CHEM REC 2018; 19:973-988. [PMID: 30375156 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, isoindigo has become a widely used electron-deficient subunit in donor-acceptor organic semiconductors, and these isoindigo-based materials have been widely used in both organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices and organic field effect transistors (OFETs). Shortly after the development of isoindigo-based semiconductors, researchers began to modify the isoindigo structure in order to change the optoelectronic properties of the resulting materials. This led to the development of many new isoindigo-inspired compounds; since 2012, the Kelly Research Group has synthesized a number of these isoindigo analogues and produced a variety of new donor-acceptor semiconductors. In this Personal Account, recent progress in the field is reviewed. We describe how the field has evolved from relatively simple donor-acceptor small molecules to structurally complex, highly planarized polymer systems. The relevance of these materials in OPV and OFET applications is highlighted, with particular emphasis on structure-property relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Randell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Timothy L Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
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27
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Wu Y, An C, Shi L, Yang L, Qin Y, Liang N, He C, Wang Z, Hou J. The Crucial Role of Chlorinated Thiophene Orientation in Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaic Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Cunbin An
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Lanlan Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Liyan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Ningning Liang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Chang He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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28
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Wu Y, An C, Shi L, Yang L, Qin Y, Liang N, He C, Wang Z, Hou J. The Crucial Role of Chlorinated Thiophene Orientation in Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaic Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12911-12915. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Cunbin An
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Lanlan Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Liyan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Ningning Liang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Chang He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science; CAS Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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29
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Fluorination vs. chlorination: a case study on high performance organic photovoltaic materials. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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30
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Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of 2D-Conjugated Polymers Based on Alkylthiothienyl-Substituted Benzodithiophene and Different Accepting Units. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10030331. [PMID: 30966366 PMCID: PMC6414851 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new low bandgap conjugated polymers, PBDTS-ID and PBDTS-DTNT, containing isoindigo (ID) and naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c′]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (NT), respectively, as an electron-deficient unit and alkylthiothienyl-substituted benzodithiophene (BDTS) as an electron-rich unit, were designed and synthesized by palladium-catalyzed Stille polycondensation. Both polymers showed good thermal stability up to 330 °C and broad absorption ranging from 300 to 842 nm. Electrochemical measurement revealed that PBDTS-ID and PBDTS-DTNT exhibited relatively low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels at −5.40 and −5.24 eV, respectively. These features might be beneficial for obtaining reasonable high open-circuit voltage and high short-circuit current. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) were fabricated with an inverted structure of indium-tin oxide/poly(ethylenimine ethoxylate)/polymer:PC71BM/MoO3/Ag. As a preliminary result, the PSCs based on PBDTS-ID and PBDTS-DTNT exhibited moderate power conversion efficiencies of 2.70% and 2.71%, respectively.
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31
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Yang Z, Chen H, Wang H, Mo D, Liu L, Chao P, Zhu Y, Liu C, Chen W, He F. The integrated adjustment of chlorine substitution and two-dimensional side chain of low band gap polymers in organic solar cells. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01792h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The chlorination and side-chain extension of benzothiadiazole derivatives can finely manipulate the open-circuit voltage in their solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Daize Mo
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Longzhu Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Pengjie Chao
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Chuanjun Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Materials Science Division
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering
| | - Feng He
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- PR China
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32
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Li Y, Lin JD, Che X, Qu Y, Liu F, Liao LS, Forrest SR. High Efficiency Near-Infrared and Semitransparent Non-Fullerene Acceptor Organic Photovoltaic Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17114-17119. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxi Li
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jiu-Dong Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhou Che
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yue Qu
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Feng Liu
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, and Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA
(CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Stephen R. Forrest
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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33
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Ide M, Saeki A. Fluorinated Benzothienoisoindigo Copolymers for Organic Solar Cells: A Comparative Study on Polymer Orientation and Device Performance. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012
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34
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Kang SH, Tabi GD, Lee J, Kim G, Noh YY, Yang C. Chlorinated 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole-Based Polymers for Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- So-Huei Kang
- Department
of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil,
Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Grace Dansoa Tabi
- Department
of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghoon Lee
- Department
of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil,
Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoungsik Kim
- Department
of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil,
Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Young Noh
- Department
of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department
of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil,
Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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35
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Effects of Polymer-Packing Orientation on the Performances of Thin Film Transistors and Photovoltaic Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57003-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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36
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Yang B, Zhang S, Chen Y, Cui Y, Liu D, Yao H, Zhang J, Wei Z, Hou J. Investigation of Conjugated Polymers Based on Naphtho[2,3-c]thiophene-4,9-dione in Fullerene-Based and Fullerene-Free Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School
of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Delong Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School
of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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37
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Zhuang FD, Han JM, Tang S, Yang JH, Chen QR, Wang JY, Pei J. Efficient Modular Synthesis of Substituted Borazaronaphthalene. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Dong Zhuang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of
Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for
Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Min Han
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of
Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for
Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of
Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for
Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Hui Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of
Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for
Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Ran Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of
Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for
Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of
Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for
Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of
Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for
Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
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38
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Synthesis and properties of thiophene- and quinoxaline-based random copolymers for organic photovoltaics. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Zheng YQ, Lei T, Dou JH, Xia X, Wang JY, Liu CJ, Pei J. Strong Electron-Deficient Polymers Lead to High Electron Mobility in Air and Their Morphology-Dependent Transport Behaviors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:7213-9. [PMID: 27273655 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Planar backbone, locked conformation, and low lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level provide polymer F4 BDOPV-2T with ultrahigh electron mobilities of up to 14.9 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and good air stability. It is found that the nonlinear transfer curves can be tuned to near-ideal ones by changing fabrication conditions, indicating that film morphology largely contributes to the nonlinear transfer curves in high-mobility conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jin-Hu Dou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center, Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Fine Chemicals of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chen-Jiang Liu
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center, Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Fine Chemicals of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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40
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Leclerc N, Chávez P, Ibraikulov OA, Heiser T, Lévêque P. Impact of Backbone Fluorination on π-Conjugated Polymers in Organic Photovoltaic Devices: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8010011. [PMID: 30979109 PMCID: PMC6432616 DOI: 10.3390/polym8010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution-processed bulk heterojunction solar cells have experienced a remarkable acceleration in performances in the last two decades, reaching power conversion efficiencies above 10%. This impressive progress is the outcome of a simultaneous development of more advanced device architectures and of optimized semiconducting polymers. Several chemical approaches have been developed to fine-tune the optoelectronics and structural polymer parameters required to reach high efficiencies. Fluorination of the conjugated polymer backbone has appeared recently to be an especially promising approach for the development of efficient semiconducting polymers. As a matter of fact, most currently best-performing semiconducting polymers are using fluorine atoms in their conjugated backbone. In this review, we attempt to give an up-to-date overview of the latest results achieved on fluorinated polymers for solar cells and to highlight general polymer properties’ evolution trends related to the fluorination of their conjugated backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Leclerc
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, ICPEES, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Patricia Chávez
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, ICPEES, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Olzhas A Ibraikulov
- Laboratoire ICube, DESSP, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg 67037, France.
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Thomas Heiser
- Laboratoire ICube, DESSP, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg 67037, France.
| | - Patrick Lévêque
- Laboratoire ICube, DESSP, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg 67037, France.
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