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Tikum AF, Ketchemen JP, Doroudi A, Nambisan AK, Babeker H, Njotu FN, Fonge H. Effectiveness of 225Ac-Labeled Anti-EGFR Radioimmunoconjugate in EGFR-Positive Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene and BRAF Mutant Colorectal Cancer Models. J Nucl Med 2024:jnumed.123.266204. [PMID: 38360051 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Eighty percent of colorectal cancers (CRCs) overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutations are present in 40% of CRCs and drive de novo resistance to anti-EGFR drugs. BRAF oncogene is mutated in 7%-10% of CRCs, with even worse prognosis. We have evaluated the effectiveness of [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab in KRAS mutant and in KRAS wild-type and BRAFV600E mutant EGFR-positive CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Anti-CD20 [225Ac]Ac-macropa-rituximab was developed and used as a nonspecific radioimmunoconjugate. Methods: Anti-EGFR antibody nimotuzumab was radiolabeled with 225Ac via an 18-membered macrocyclic chelator p-SCN-macropa. The immunoconjugate was characterized using flow cytometry, radioligand binding assay, and high-performance liquid chromatography, and internalization was studied using live-cell imaging. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in 2-dimensional monolayer EGFR-positive KRAS mutant DLD-1, SW620, and SNU-C2B; in KRAS wild-type and BRAFV600E mutant HT-29 CRC cell lines; and in 3-dimensional spheroids. Dosimetry was studied in healthy mice. The in vivo efficacy of [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab was evaluated in mice bearing DLD-1, SW620, and HT-29 xenografts after treatment with 3 doses of 13 kBq/dose administered 10 d apart. Results: In all cell lines, in vitro studies showed enhanced cytotoxicity of [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab compared with nimotuzumab and controls. The inhibitory concentration of 50% in the DLD-1 cell line was 1.8 nM for [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab versus 84.1 nM for nimotuzumab. Similarly, the inhibitory concentration of 50% was up to 79-fold lower for [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab than for nimotuzumab in KRAS mutant SNU-C2B and SW620 and in KRAS wild-type and BRAFV600E mutant HT-29 CRC cell lines. A similar trend was observed for 3-dimensional spheroids. Internalization peaked 24-48 h after incubation and depended on EGFR expression. In the [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab group, 3 of 7 mice bearing DLD-1 tumors had complete remission. Median survival was 40 and 34 d for mice treated with phosphate-buffered saline and [225Ac]Ac-macropa-rituximab (control), respectively, whereas it was not reached for the [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab group (>90 d). Similarly, median survival of mice bearing HT-29 xenografts was 16 and 12.5 d for those treated with [225Ac]Ac-macropa-rituximab and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively, and was not reached for those treated with [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab (>90 d). One of 7 mice bearing HT-29 xenografts and treated using [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab had complete remission. Compared with untreated mice, [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab more than doubled (16 vs. 41 d) the median survival of mice bearing SW620 xenografts. Conclusion: [225Ac]Ac-macropa-nimotuzumab is effective against KRAS mutant and BRAFV600E mutant CRC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjong Florence Tikum
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jessica P Ketchemen
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Alireza Doroudi
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Anand K Nambisan
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Hanan Babeker
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; and
| | - Fabrice Ngoh Njotu
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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2
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Coll RP, Bright SJ, Martinus DKJ, Georgiou DK, Sawakuchi GO, Manning HC. Alpha Particle-Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals as Cancer Therapy: Biological Basis, Current Status, and Future Outlook for Therapeutics Discovery. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:991-1019. [PMID: 37845582 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Critical advances in radionuclide therapy have led to encouraging new options for cancer treatment through the pairing of clinically useful radiation-emitting radionuclides and innovative pharmaceutical discovery. Of the various subatomic particles used in therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, alpha (α) particles show great promise owing to their relatively large size, delivered energy, finite pathlength, and resulting ionization density. This review discusses the therapeutic benefits of α-emitting radiopharmaceuticals and their pairing with appropriate diagnostics, resulting in innovative "theranostic" platforms. Herein, the current landscape of α particle-emitting radionuclides is described with an emphasis on their use in theranostic development for cancer treatment. Commonly studied radionuclides are introduced and recent efforts towards their production for research and clinical use are described. The growing popularity of these radionuclides is explained through summarizing the biological effects of α radiation on cancer cells, which include DNA damage, activation of discrete cell death programs, and downstream immune responses. Examples of efficient α-theranostic design are described with an emphasis on strategies that lead to cellular internalization and the targeting of proteins involved in therapeutic resistance. Historical barriers to the clinical deployment of α-theranostic radiopharmaceuticals are also discussed. Recent progress towards addressing these challenges is presented along with examples of incorporating α-particle therapy in pharmaceutical platforms that can be easily converted into diagnostic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Coll
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Scott J Bright
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David K J Martinus
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dimitra K Georgiou
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Gabriel O Sawakuchi
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6565 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - H Charles Manning
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
- Cyclotron Radiochemistry Facility, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
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3
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Hassan M, Bokhari TH, Lodhi NA, Khosa MK, Usman M. A review of recent advancements in Actinium-225 labeled compounds and biomolecules for therapeutic purposes. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1276-1292. [PMID: 37715360 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
In nuclear medicine, cancers that cannot be cured or can only be treated partially by traditional techniques like surgery or chemotherapy are killed by ionizing radiation as a form of therapeutic treatment. Actinium-225 is an alpha-emitting radionuclide that is highly encouraging as a therapeutic approach and more promising for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). Actinium-225 is the best candidate for tumor cells treatment and has physical characteristics such as high (LET) linear energy transfer (150 keV per μm), half-life (t1/2 = 9.92d), and short ranges (400-100 μm) which prevent the damage of normal healthy tissues. The introduction of various new radiopharmaceuticals and radioisotopes has significantly assisted the advancement of nuclear medicine. Ac-225 radiopharmaceuticals continuously demonstrate their potential as targeted alpha therapeutics. 225 Ac-labeled radiopharmaceuticals have confirmed their importance in medical and clinical areas by introducing [225 Ac]Ac-PSMA-617, [225 Ac]Ac-DOTATOC, [225 Ac]Ac-DOTA-substance-P, reported significantly improved response in patients with prostate cancer, neuroendocrine, and glioma, respectively. The development of these radiopharmaceuticals required a suitable buffer, incubation time, optimal pH, and reaction temperature. There is a growing need to standardize quality control (QC) testing techniques such as radiochemical purity (RCP). This review aims to summarize the development of the Ac-225 labeled compounds and biomolecules. The current state of their reported resulting clinical applications is also summarized as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Nadeem Ahmed Lodhi
- Isotope Production Division, Pakistan institute of Nuclear Science & Technology (PINSTECH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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4
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Tsuchihashi S, Nakashima K, Tarumizu Y, Ichikawa H, Jinda H, Watanabe H, Ono M. Development of Novel 111In/ 225Ac-Labeled Agent Targeting PSMA for Highly Efficient Cancer Radiotheranostics. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37285471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a promising target for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. We previously reported the effectiveness of PSMA-DA1 as a PSMA-targeting radiotheranostic agent containing an albumin binder moiety. To further enhance tumor uptake, we newly designed PSMA-NAT-DA1 (PNT-DA1) by the introduction of a lipophilic linker into PSMA-DA1. The PSMA affinity of [111In]In-PNT-DA1 was increased (Kd = 8.20 nM) compared with that of [111In]In-PSMA-DA1 (Kd = 89.4 nM). [111In]In-PNT-DA1 showed markedly high tumor accumulation (131.6% injected dose/g at 48 h post-injection), and [111In]In-PNT-DA1 enabled the visualization of the tumor clearly at 24 h post-injection with SPECT/CT imaging. The administration of [225Ac]Ac-PNT-DA1 (2.5 kBq) led to shrinkage of the tumor without marked toxicity, and the antitumor effects of [225Ac]Ac-PNT-DA1 were superior to those of [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-DA1 and [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617, which is the current gold standard for PSMA-targeting 225Ac-endoradiotherapy. These results suggest that the combination of [111In]In-PNT-DA1 and [225Ac]Ac-PNT-DA1 comprises a promising method of PSMA-targeting radiotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Tsuchihashi
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuma Nakashima
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Tarumizu
- Research Center, Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd., 3-1 Sodegaura-shi, Chiba 299-0266, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ichikawa
- Research Center, Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd., 3-1 Sodegaura-shi, Chiba 299-0266, Japan
| | - Hiroki Jinda
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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5
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Abou DS, Longtine M, Fears A, Benabdallah N, Unnerstall R, Johnston H, Shim K, Hasson A, Zhang H, Ulmert D, Mangin F, Ozen S, Raibaut L, Brandès S, Meyer M, Chambron JC, Tatum DS, Magda D, Wahl RL, Thorek DLJ. Evaluation of Candidate Theranostics for 227Th/ 89Zr Paired Radioimmunotherapy of Lymphoma. J Nucl Med 2023:jnumed.122.264979. [PMID: 37142300 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
227Th is a promising radioisotope for targeted α-particle therapy. It produces 5 α-particles through its decay, with the clinically approved 223Ra as its first daughter. There is an ample supply of 227Th, allowing for clinical use; however, the chemical challenges of chelating this large tetravalent f-block cation are considerable. Using the CD20-targeting antibody ofatumumab, we evaluated chelation of 227Th4+ for α-particle-emitting and radiotheranostic applications. Methods: We compared 4 bifunctional chelators for thorium radiopharmaceutical preparation: S-2-(4-Isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA), 2-(4-isothicyanatobenzyl)-1,2,7,10,13-hexaazacyclooctadecane-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-HEHA), p-isothiacyanatophenyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxopiperidine-desferrioxamine (DFOcyclo*-p-Phe-NCS), and macrocyclic 1,2-HOPO N-hydroxysuccinimide (L804-NHS). Immunoconstructs were evaluated for yield, purity, and stability in vitro and in vivo. Tumor targeting of the lead 227Th-labeled compound in vivo was performed in CD20-expressing models and compared with a companion 89Zr-labeled PET agent. Results: 227Th-labeled ofatumumab-chelator constructs were synthesized to a radiochemical purity of more than 95%, excepting HEHA. 227Th-HEHA-ofatumumab showed moderate in vitro stability. 227Th-DFOcyclo*-ofatumumab presented excellent 227Th labeling efficiency; however, high liver and spleen uptake was revealed in vivo, indicative of aggregation. 227Th-DOTA-ofatumumab labeled poorly, yielding no more than 5%, with low specific activity (0.08 GBq/g) and modest long-term in vitro stability (<80%). 227Th-L804-ofatumumab coordinated 227Th rapidly and efficiently at high yields, purity, and specific activity (8 GBq/g) and demonstrated extended stability. In vivo tumor targeting confirmed the utility of this chelator, and the diagnostic analog, 89Zr-L804-ofatumumab, showed organ distribution matching that of 227Th to delineate SU-DHL-6 tumors. Conclusion: Commercially available and novel chelators for 227Th showed a range of performances. The L804 chelator can be used with potent radiotheranostic capabilities for 89Zr/227Th quantitative imaging and α-particle therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane S Abou
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mark Longtine
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Amanda Fears
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nadia Benabdallah
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ryan Unnerstall
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hannah Johnston
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kyuhwan Shim
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Abbie Hasson
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David Ulmert
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Floriane Mangin
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Serife Ozen
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Raibaut
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR 6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Brandès
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Meyer
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Claude Chambron
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Richard L Wahl
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel L J Thorek
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and
- Siteman Cancer Center, Oncologic Imaging Program, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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6
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Rubira L, Deshayes E, Santoro L, Kotzki PO, Fersing C. 225Ac-Labeled Somatostatin Analogs in the Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors: From Radiochemistry to Clinic. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041051. [PMID: 37111537 PMCID: PMC10146019 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) represents a major therapeutic breakthrough in nuclear medicine, particularly since the introduction of 177Lu-radiolabeled somatostatin analogs. These radiopharmaceuticals have especially improved progression-free survival and quality of life in patients with inoperable metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors expressing somatostatin receptors. In the case of aggressive or resistant disease, the use of somatostatin derivatives radiolabeled with an alpha-emitter could provide a promising alternative. Among the currently available alpha-emitting radioelements, actinium-225 has emerged as the most suitable candidate, especially regarding its physical and radiochemical properties. Nevertheless, preclinical and clinical studies on these radiopharmaceuticals are still few and heterogeneous, despite the growing momentum for their future use on a larger scale. In this context, this report provides a comprehensive and extensive overview of the development of 225Ac-labeled somatostatin analogs; particular emphasis is placed on the challenges associated with the production of 225Ac, its physical and radiochemical properties, as well as the place of 225Ac-DOTATOC and 225Ac-DOTATATE in the management of patients with advanced metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Rubira
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Deshayes
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, University Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Lore Santoro
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, University Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Olivier Kotzki
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, University Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Fersing
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- IBMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
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Furukawa T, Kimura H, Sasaki M, Yamada T, Iwasawa T, Yagi Y, Kato K, Yasui H. Novel [ 111 In]In-BnDTPA-EphA2-230-1 Antibody for Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Imaging Tracer Targeting of EphA2. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7030-7035. [PMID: 36844571 PMCID: PMC9948553 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) is overexpressed in cancer cells and causes abnormal cell proliferation. Therefore, it has attracted attention as a target for diagnostic agents. In this study, the EphA2-230-1 monoclonal antibody (EphA2-230-1) was labeled with [111In]In and evaluated as an imaging tracer for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of EphA2. EphA2-230-1 was conjugated with 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (p-SCN-BnDTPA) and then labeled with [111In]In. [111In]In-BnDTPA-EphA2-230-1 was evaluated in cell-binding, biodistribution, and SPECT/computed tomography (CT) studies. The cellular uptake ratio of [111In]In-BnDTPA-EphA2-230-1 was 14.0 ± 2.1%/mg protein at 4 h in the cell-binding study. In the biodistribution study, a high uptake of [111In]In-BnDTPA-EphA2-230-1 was observed in tumor tissue (14.6 ± 3.2% injected dose/g at 72 h). The superior accumulation of [111In]In-BnDTPA-EphA2-230-1 in tumors was also confirmed using SPECT/CT. Therefore, [111In]In-BnDTPA-EphA2-230-1 has potential as a SPECT imaging tracer for EphA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Furukawa
- Department
of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Division of Analytical and
Physical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department
of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Division of Analytical and
Physical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Minon Sasaki
- Department
of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Division of Analytical and
Physical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takumu Yamada
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Nakanodai, Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-0815, Japan
| | - Takumi Iwasawa
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Nakanodai, Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-0815, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yagi
- Department
of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Division of Analytical and
Physical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
- Department
of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medicinal Science, Kyoto College of Medical Science, 1-3 Imakita, Oyama-higashi, Sonobe,
Nantan, Kyoto 622-0022, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kato
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Nakanodai, Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-0815, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yasui
- Department
of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Division of Analytical and
Physical Science, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
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8
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Dhiman D, Vatsa R, Sood A. Challenges and opportunities in developing Actinium-225 radiopharmaceuticals. Nucl Med Commun 2022; 43:970-977. [PMID: 35950353 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Actinium-225 (225Ac) has emerged as a promising therapeutic radioisotope for targeted alpha therapy. It emits net four alpha particles during its decay to stable daughter bismuth-209, rightly called an in-vivo nano-generator. Compared to the worldwide demand of 225Ac, the amount produced via depleted thorium-229 sources is minimal, making it an expensive radionuclide. However, many research groups are working on optimizing the parameters for the production of 225Ac via different routes, including cyclotrons, reactors and high-energy linear accelerators. The present review article focuses on the various aspects associated with the development of 225Ac radiopharmaceuticals. It includes the challenges and opportunities associated with the production methods, labeling chemistry, in-vivo kinetics and dosimetry of 225Ac radiopharmaceuticals. A brief description is also given about the 225Ac radiopharmaceuticals at preclinical stages, clinical trials and used routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Dhiman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
| | - Rakhee Vatsa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwani Sood
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
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9
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Roles of Protein Disulfide Isomerase in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030745. [PMID: 35159012 PMCID: PMC8833603 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and has a poor prognosis and higher recurrence rate due to ineffective therapy. Even with newly approved therapeutics, only limited TNBC patients could have benefited from the regimens. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) has been of great interest as a potential therapeutic target for cancers due to its impacts on tumor progression, metastasis, and clinical outcomes. Here, we discuss the roles of PDI members in breast cancers such as TNBC and the PDI inhibitors studied in breast cancer research. Abstract Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)’s most abundant and essential enzyme and serves as the primary catalyst for protein folding. Due to its apparent role in supporting the rapid proliferation of cancer cells, the selective blockade of PDI results in apoptosis through sustained activation of UPR pathways. The functions of PDI, especially in cancers, have been extensively studied over a decade, and recent research has explored the use of PDI inhibitors in the treatment of cancers but with focus areas of other cancers, such as brain or ovarian cancer. In this review, we discuss the roles of PDI members in breast cancer and PDI inhibitors used in breast cancer research. Additionally, a few PDI members may be suggested as potential molecular targets for highly metastatic breast cancers, such as TNBC, that require more attention in future research.
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Bolcaen J, Nair S, Driver CHS, Boshomane TMG, Ebenhan T, Vandevoorde C. Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway Inhibitors for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Glioblastoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:626. [PMID: 34209513 PMCID: PMC8308832 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) remains the most fatal brain tumor characterized by a high infiltration rate and treatment resistance. Overexpression and/or mutation of receptor tyrosine kinases is common in GB, which subsequently leads to the activation of many downstream pathways that have a critical impact on tumor progression and therapy resistance. Therefore, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) have been investigated to improve the dismal prognosis of GB in an effort to evolve into a personalized targeted therapy strategy with a better treatment outcome. Numerous RTKIs have been approved in the clinic and several radiopharmaceuticals are part of (pre)clinical trials as a non-invasive method to identify patients who could benefit from RTKI. The latter opens up the scope for theranostic applications. In this review, the present status of RTKIs for the treatment, nuclear imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy of GB is presented. The focus will be on seven tyrosine kinase receptors, based on their central role in GB: EGFR, VEGFR, MET, PDGFR, FGFR, Eph receptor and IGF1R. Finally, by way of analyzing structural and physiological characteristics of the TKIs with promising clinical trial results, four small molecule RTKIs were selected based on their potential to become new therapeutic GB radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bolcaen
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Shankari Nair
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Cathryn H. S. Driver
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, Brits 0240, South Africa;
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
| | - Tebatso M. G. Boshomane
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Department of Science and Technology, North West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
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Eychenne R, Chérel M, Haddad F, Guérard F, Gestin JF. Overview of the Most Promising Radionuclides for Targeted Alpha Therapy: The "Hopeful Eight". Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060906. [PMID: 34207408 PMCID: PMC8234975 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all existing radionuclides, only a few are of interest for therapeutic applications and more specifically for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). From this selection, actinium-225, astatine-211, bismuth-212, bismuth-213, lead-212, radium-223, terbium-149 and thorium-227 are considered as the most suitable. Despite common general features, they all have their own physical characteristics that make them singular and so promising for TAT. These radionuclides were largely studied over the last two decades, leading to a better knowledge of their production process and chemical behavior, allowing for an increasing number of biological evaluations. The aim of this review is to summarize the main properties of these eight chosen radionuclides. An overview from their availability to the resulting clinical studies, by way of chemical design and preclinical studies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Eychenne
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint-Herblain, France;
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (J.-F.G.)
| | - Michel Chérel
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Férid Haddad
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint-Herblain, France;
- Laboratoire Subatech, UMR 6457, Université de Nantes, IMT Atlantique, CNRS, Subatech, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - François Guérard
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Jean-François Gestin
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (J.-F.G.)
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12
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Muslimov AR, Antuganov DO, Tarakanchikova YV, Zhukov MV, Nadporojskii MA, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS. Calcium Carbonate Core-Shell Particles for Incorporation of 225Ac and Their Application in Local α-Radionuclide Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25599-25610. [PMID: 34028266 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Actinium-225 (225Ac) radiolabeled submicrometric core-shell particles (SPs) made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) coated with biocompatible polymers [tannic acid-human serum albumin (TA/HSA)] have been developed to improve the efficiency of local α-radionuclide therapy in melanoma models (B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice). The developed 225Ac-SPs possess radiochemical stability and demonstrate effective retention of 225Ac and its daughter isotopes. The SPs have been additionally labeled with zirconium-89 (89Zr) to perform the biodistribution studies using positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET/CT) imaging for 14 days after intratumoral injection. According to the PET/CT analysis, a significant accumulation of 89Zr-SPs in the tumor area is revealed for the whole investigation period, which correlates with the direct radiometry analysis after intratumoral administration of 225Ac-SPs. The histological analysis has revealed no abnormal changes in healthy tissue organs after treatment with 225Ac-SPs (e.g., no acute pathologic findings are detected in the liver and kidneys). At the same time, the inhibition of tumor growth has been observed as compared with control samples [nonradiolabeled SPs and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)]. The treatment of mice with 225Ac-SPs has resulted in prolonged survival compared to the control samples. Thus, our study validates the application of 225Ac-doped core-shell submicron CaCO3 particles for local α-radionuclide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert R Muslimov
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii O Antuganov
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yana V Tarakanchikova
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Zhukov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, 191002 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Michail A Nadporojskii
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, 191002 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Timin
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation
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13
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Pei P, Liu T, Shen W, Liu Z, Yang K. Biomaterial-mediated internal radioisotope therapy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1348-1366. [PMID: 34846446 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01761b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT), including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and internal radioisotope therapy (RIT), has been an indispensable strategy for cancer therapy in clinical practice in recent years. Ionized atoms and free radicals emitted from the nucleus of radioisotopes can cleave a single strand of DNA, inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus far, nuclides used for RIT could be classified into three main types containing alpha (α), beta (β), and Auger particle emitters. In order to enhance the bioavailability and reduce the physiological toxicity of radioisotopes, various biomaterials have been utilized as multifunctional nanocarriers, including targeting molecules, macromolecular monoclonal antibodies, peptides, inorganic nanomaterials, and organic and polymeric nanomaterials. Therapeutic radioisotopes have been labeled onto these nanocarriers via different methods (chelating, chemical doping, encapsulating, displacement) to inhibit or kill cancer cells. With the continuous development of research in this respect, more promising biomaterials as well as novel therapeutic strategies have emerged to achieve the high-performance RIT of cancer. In this review article, we summarize recent advances in biomaterial-mediated RIT of cancer and provide guidance for non-experts to understand nuclear medicine and to conduct cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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14
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White JM, Escorcia FE, Viola NT. Perspectives on metals-based radioimmunotherapy (RIT): moving forward. Theranostics 2021; 11:6293-6314. [PMID: 33995659 PMCID: PMC8120204 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is FDA-approved for the clinical management of liquid malignancies, however, its use for solid malignancies remains a challenge. The putative benefit of RIT lies in selective targeting of antigens expressed on the tumor surface using monoclonal antibodies, to systemically deliver cytotoxic radionuclides. The past several decades yielded dramatic improvements in the quality, quantity, recent commercial availability of alpha-, beta- and Auger Electron-emitting therapeutic radiometals. Investigators have created new or improved existing bifunctional chelators. These bifunctional chelators bind radiometals and can be coupled to antigen-specific antibodies. In this review, we discuss approaches to develop radiometal-based RITs, including the selection of radiometals, chelators and antibody platforms (i.e. full-length, F(ab')2, Fab, minibodies, diabodies, scFv-Fc and nanobodies). We cite examples of the performance of RIT in the clinic, describe challenges to its implementation, and offer insights to address gaps toward translation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/metabolism
- Click Chemistry
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Dose Fractionation, Radiation
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Forecasting
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/therapeutic use
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/radiotherapy
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Organ Specificity
- Precision Medicine
- Radiation Tolerance
- Radioimmunotherapy/methods
- Radiopharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Single-Chain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Chain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Single-Domain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Domain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. White
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Nerissa T. Viola
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
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15
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Herrero Álvarez N, Bauer D, Hernández-Gil J, Lewis JS. Recent Advances in Radiometals for Combined Imaging and Therapy in Cancer. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2909-2941. [PMID: 33792195 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear medicine is defined as the use of radionuclides for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The imaging modalities positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are based on γ-emissions of specific energies. The therapeutic technologies are based on β- -particle-, α-particle-, and Auger electron emitters. In oncology, PET and SPECT are used to detect cancer lesions, to determine dosimetry, and to monitor therapy effectiveness. In contrast, radiotherapy is designed to irreparably damage tumor cells in order to eradicate or control the disease's progression. Radiometals are being explored for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Strategies that combine both modalities (diagnostic and therapeutic), referred to as theranostics, are promising candidates for clinical applications. This review provides an overview of the basic concepts behind therapeutic and diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals and their significance in contemporary oncology. Select radiometals that significantly impact current and upcoming cancer treatment strategies are grouped as clinically suitable theranostics pairs. The most important physical and chemical properties are discussed. Standard production methods and current radionuclide availability are provided to indicate whether a cost-efficient use in a clinical routine is feasible. Recent preclinical and clinical developments and outline perspectives for the radiometals are highlighted in each section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Herrero Álvarez
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - David Bauer
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Javier Hernández-Gil
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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16
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Muslimov AR, Antuganov D, Tarakanchikova YV, Karpov TE, Zhukov MV, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS. An investigation of calcium carbonate core-shell particles for incorporation of 225Ac and sequester of daughter radionuclides: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Control Release 2021; 330:726-737. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Mangin F, Collet C, Jouan-Hureaux V, Maskali F, Roeder E, Pierson J, Selmeczi K, Marie PY, Boura C, Pellegrini-Moïse N, Lamandé-Langle S. Synthesis of a DOTA- C-glyco bifunctional chelating agent and preliminary in vitro and in vivo study of [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA- C-glyco-RGD. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7672-7681. [PMID: 35423261 PMCID: PMC8694941 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of bifunctional chelating agents (BFCA) allowing straightforward radiometal labelling of biomolecules is a current challenge. We report herein the development of a bifunctional chelating agent based on a DOTA chelator linked to a C-glycosyl compound, taking advantage of the robustness and hydrophilicity of this type of carbohydrate derivative. This new BFCA was coupled with success by CuAAC with c(RGDfK) for αvβ3 integrin targeting. As attested by in vitro evaluation, the conjugate DOTA-C-glyco-c(RGDfC) demonstrated high affinity for αvβ3 integrins (IC50 of 42 nM). [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-C-glyco-c(RGDfK) was radiosynthesized straightforwardly and showed high hydrophilic property (log D7.4 = −3.71) and in vitro stability (>120 min). Preliminary in vivo PET study of U87MG engrafted mice gave evidence of an interesting tumor-to-non-target area ratio. All these data indicate that [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-C-glyco-c(RGDfK) allows monitoring of αvβ3 expression and could thus be used for cancer diagnosis. The DOTA-C-glycoside BFCA reported here could also be used with various ligands and chelating other (radio)metals opening a broad scope of applications in imaging modalities and therapy. A carbohydrate containing [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-RGD tracer was designed and demonstrated promising results for cancer diagnosis by positron emission tomography imaging.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlotte Collet
- NancycloTEP
- Molecular Imaging Platform
- CHRU-Nancy
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy
| | | | - Fatiha Maskali
- NancycloTEP
- Molecular Imaging Platform
- CHRU-Nancy
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy
| | - Emilie Roeder
- NancycloTEP
- Molecular Imaging Platform
- CHRU-Nancy
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy
| | | | | | - Pierre-Yves Marie
- NancycloTEP
- Molecular Imaging Platform
- CHRU-Nancy
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy
| | - Cédric Boura
- Université de Lorraine
- CNRS
- CRAN
- F-54000 Nancy
- France
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18
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Grieve ML, Paterson BM. The Evolving Coordination Chemistry of Radiometals for Targeted Alpha Therapy. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nimotuzumab Site-Specifically Labeled with 89Zr and 225Ac Using SpyTag/SpyCatcher for PET Imaging and Alpha Particle Radioimmunotherapy of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Positive Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113449. [PMID: 33233524 PMCID: PMC7699480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Monoclonal antibodies (IgG) are excellent probes for targeting cell surface receptors for imaging and therapeutic applications. These theranostic agents are often developed by randomly conjugating radioisotopes/drugs/chelators to the primary amine of lysine or the sulfhydryl groups of cysteine on the antibody. Random conjugation often alters the properties of the antibody. We have site-specifically radiolabeled nimotuzumab an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody with 89Zr and 225Ac using SpyTag: ∆N-SpyCatcher for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and alpha particle radiotherapy, and evaluated these agents in a model of EGFR-positive triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher constructs showed improved binding in vitro compared with randomly conjugated constructs. 89Zr-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher specifically delineated EGFR-positive xenograft in vivo using microPET/CT imaging. Compared with control treatment groups, 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher more than doubled the survival of mice bearing EGFR-positive MDA-MB-231 TNBC xenograft. This work highlights a facile method to site-specifically radiolabel antibodies using SpyTag: ∆N-SpyCatcher. Abstract To develop imaging and therapeutic agents, antibodies are often conjugated randomly to a chelator/radioisotope or drug using a primary amine (NH2) of lysine or sulfhydryl (SH) of cysteine. Random conjugation to NH2 or SH groups can require extreme conditions and may affect target recognition/binding and must therefore be tested. In the present study, nimotuzumab was site-specifically labeled using ∆N-SpyCatcher/SpyTag with different chelators and radiometals. Nimotuzumab is a well-tolerated anti-EGFR antibody with low skin toxicities. First, ΔN-SpyCatcher was reduced using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), which was followed by desferoxamine-maleimide (DFO-mal) conjugation to yield a reactive ΔN-SpyCatcher-DFO. The ΔN-SpyCatcher-DFO was reacted with nimotuzumab-SpyTag to obtain stable nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher-DFO. Radiolabeling was performed with 89Zr, and the conjugate was used for the in vivo microPET imaging of EGFR-positive MDA-MB-468 xenografts. Similarly, ∆N-SpyCatcher was conjugated to an eighteen-membered macrocyclic chelator macropa-maleimide and used to radiolabel nimotuzumab-SpyTag with actinium-225 (225Ac) for in vivo radiotherapy studies. All constructs were characterized using biolayer interferometry, flow cytometry, radioligand binding assays, HPLC, and bioanalyzer. MicroPET/CT imaging showed a good tumor uptake of 89Zr-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher with 6.0 ± 0.6%IA/cc (n = 3) at 48 h post injection. The EC50 of 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher and 225Ac-control-IgG-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher against an EGFR-positive cell-line (MDA-MB-468) was 3.7 ± 3.3 Bq/mL (0.04 ± 0.03 nM) and 18.5 ± 4.4 Bq/mL (0.2 ± 0.04 nM), respectively. In mice bearing MDA-MB-468 EGFR-positive xenografts, 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher significantly (p = 0.0017) prolonged the survival of mice (64 days) compared to 225Ac-control IgG (28.5 days), nimotuzumab (28.5 days), or PBS-treated mice (30 days). The results showed that the conjugation and labeling using SpyTag/∆N-SpyCatcher to nimotuzumab did not significantly (p > 0.05) alter the receptor binding of nimotuzumab compared with a non-specific conjugation approach. 225Ac-nimotuzumab-SpyTag-∆N-SpyCatcher was effective in vitro and in an EGFR-positive triple negative breast cancer xenograft model.
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20
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Wengner AM, Scholz A, Haendler B. Targeting DNA Damage Response in Prostate and Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8273. [PMID: 33158305 PMCID: PMC7663807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormone signaling induces vast gene expression programs which necessitate the local formation of transcription factories at regulatory regions and large-scale alterations of the genome architecture to allow communication among distantly related cis-acting regions. This involves major stress at the genomic DNA level. Transcriptionally active regions are generally instable and prone to breakage due to the torsional stress and local depletion of nucleosomes that make DNA more accessible to damaging agents. A dedicated DNA damage response (DDR) is therefore essential to maintain genome integrity at these exposed regions. The DDR is a complex network involving DNA damage sensor proteins, such as the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase and the ATM and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase, as central regulators. The tight interplay between the DDR and steroid hormone receptors has been unraveled recently. Several DNA repair factors interact with the androgen and estrogen receptors and support their transcriptional functions. Conversely, both receptors directly control the expression of agents involved in the DDR. Impaired DDR is also exploited by tumors to acquire advantageous mutations. Cancer cells often harbor germline or somatic alterations in DDR genes, and their association with disease outcome and treatment response led to intensive efforts towards identifying selective inhibitors targeting the major players in this process. The PARP-1 inhibitors are now approved for ovarian, breast, and prostate cancer with specific genomic alterations. Additional DDR-targeting agents are being evaluated in clinical studies either as single agents or in combination with treatments eliciting DNA damage (e.g., radiation therapy, including targeted radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) or addressing targets involved in maintenance of genome integrity. Recent preclinical and clinical findings made in addressing DNA repair dysfunction in hormone-dependent and -independent prostate and breast tumors are presented. Importantly, the combination of anti-hormonal therapy with DDR inhibition or with radiation has the potential to enhance efficacy but still needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bernard Haendler
- Preclinical Research, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.W.); (A.S.)
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21
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Solomon VR, Alizadeh E, Bernhard W, Makhlouf A, Hartimath SV, Hill W, El-Sayed A, Barreto K, Geyer CR, Fonge H. Development and preclinical evaluation of cixutumumab drug conjugates in a model of insulin growth factor receptor I (IGF-1R) positive cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18549. [PMID: 33122707 PMCID: PMC7596529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of insulin growth factor receptor type 1 (IGF-1R) is observed in many cancers. Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) with PEGylated maytansine (PEG6-DM1) show promise in vitro. We developed PEG6-DM1 ADCs with low and high drug to antibody ratios (DAR) using an anti-IGF-1R antibody cixutumumab (IMC-A12). Conjugates with low (cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low) and high (cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-High) DAR as 3.4 and 7.2, respectively, were generated. QC was performed by UV spectrophotometry, HPLC, bioanalyzer, and biolayer-interferometry. We compared the in vitro binding and internalization rates of the ADCs in IGF-1R-positive MCF-7/Her18 cells. We radiolabeled the ADCs with 111In and used microSPECT/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution to understand their in vivo behavior in MCF-7/Her18 xenograft mice. The therapeutic potential of the ADC was studied in vitro and in mouse xenograft. Internalization rates of all ADCs was high and increased over 48 h and EC50 was in the low nanomolar range. MicroSPECT/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution showed significantly lower tumor uptake of 111In-cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-High compared to 111In-cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low and 111In-cixutumumab. Cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low significantly prolonged the survival of mice bearing MCF-7/Her18 xenograft compared with cixutumumab, cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-High, or the PBS control group. Cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low ADC was more effective. The study highlights the potential utility of cixutumumab-ADCs as theranostics against IGF-1R positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Wendy Bernhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Amal Makhlouf
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo, 12411, Egypt
| | - Siddesh V Hartimath
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Wayne Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ayman El-Sayed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Clarence Ronald Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada. .,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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22
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Wang B, van Roosmalen J, Kreuger R, Huizenga J, Beekman FJ, Goorden MC. Characterization of a multi-pinhole molecular breast tomosynthesis scanner. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:195010. [PMID: 32570222 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab9eff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, breast imaging using radiolabelled molecules has attracted significant interest. Our group has proposed a multi-pinhole molecular breast tomosynthesis (MP-MBT) scanner to obtain 3D functional molecular breast images at high resolutions. After conducting extensive optimisation studies using simulations, we here present a first prototype of MP-MBT and evaluate its performance using physical phantoms. The MP-MBT design is based on two opposing gamma cameras that can image a lightly compressed pendant breast. Each gamma camera consists of a 250 × 150 mm2 detector equipped with a collimator with multiple pinholes focusing on a line. The NaI(Tl) gamma detector is a customised design with 3.5 mm intrinsic spatial resolution and high spatial linearity near the edges due to a novel light-guide geometry and the use of square PMTs. A volume-of-interest is scanned by translating the collimator and gamma detector together in a sequence that optimises count yield from the scan region. Derenzo phantom images showed that the system can reach 3.5 mm resolution for a clinically realistic 99mTc activity concentration in an 11-minute scan, while in breast phantoms the smallest spheres visible were 6 mm in diameter for the same scan time. To conclude, the experimental results of the novel MP-MBT scanner showed that the setup had sub-centimetre breast tumour detection capability which might facilitate 3D molecular breast cancer imaging in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beien Wang
- Section of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15 2629 JB, Delft, The Netherlands
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