1
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Venkatachalapathy M, Sambathkumar K, Rajasaravanan ME, Uthrakumar R, Kaviyarasu K, Yewale MA, Awad M, Alam MW. Enhanced photocatalytic and electrochemical performance of hydrothermally prepared NiO-doped Co nanocomposites. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4768. [PMID: 38719590 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesize nanostructured nickel oxide (NiO) and doped cobalt (Co) by combining nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2.6H2O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as initial substances. We analyzed the characteristics of the product nanostructures, including their structure, optical properties, and magnetic properties, using various techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometers (VSM). The NiO nanoparticles doped with Co showed photocatalytic activity in degrading methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous solutions. We calculated the degradation efficiencies by analyzing the UV-Vis absorption spectra at the dye's absorption wavelength of 664 nm. It was observed that the NiO-doped Co nanoparticles facilitated enhanced recombination and migration of active elements, which led to more effective degradation of organic dyes during photocatalysis. We also assessed the electrochemical properties of the materials using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy in a 1 mol% NaOH solution. The NiO-modified electrode exhibited poor voltammogram performance due to insufficient contact between nanoparticles and the electrolyte solution. In contrast, the uncapped NiO's oxidation and reduction cyclic voltammograms displayed redox peaks at 0.36 and 0.30 V, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Venkatachalapathy
- PG & Research Department of Physics, Thiru. A. Govindasamy Government Arts College, Tindivanam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kuppusamy Sambathkumar
- PG & Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramamurthy Uthrakumar
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kasinathan Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Manesh Ashok Yewale
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed Awad
- School of Engineering, Samarkand International University of Technology (SIUT), Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Gunathilaka TM, Shimomura M. Nanoscale Evaluation of the Degradation Stability of Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Functionalized with PEG and Glutathione-Stabilized Doxorubicin Drug-Loaded Gold Nanoparticles in Real Functionalized System. Molecules 2024; 29:1746. [PMID: 38675567 PMCID: PMC11051985 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional black phosphorus (2D BP) has attracted significant research interest in the field of biomedical applications due to its unique characteristics, including high biocompatibility, impressive drug-loading efficiency, phototherapeutic ability, and minimal side effects. However, its puckered honeycomb lattice structure with lone-pair electrons of BP leads to higher sensitivity and chemical reactivity towards H2O and O2 molecules, resulting in the degradation of the structure with physical and chemical changes. In our study, we synthesize polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glutathione-stabilized doxorubicin drug-assembled Au nanoparticle (Au-GSH-DOX)-functionalized BP nanosheets (BP-PEG@Au-GSH-DOX) with improved degradation stability, biocompatibility, and tumor-targeting ability. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy indicate the nanoscale degradation behavior of synthesized nanoconjugates in three different environmental exposure conditions, and the results demonstrate the remarkable nanoscale stability of BP-PEG@Au-GSH-DOX against the degradation of BP, which provides significant interest in employing 2D BP-based nanotherapeutic agents for tumor-targeted cancer phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masaru Shimomura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Shizuoka, Japan;
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3
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Yang T, Qu J, Yang X, Cai Y, Hu J. Recent advances in ambient-stable black phosphorus materials for artificial catalytic nitrogen cycle in environment and energy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123522. [PMID: 38331240 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen cycle is crucial for the Earth's ecosystem and human-nature coexistence. However, excessive fertilizer use and industrial contamination disrupt this balance. Semiconductor-based artificial nitrogen cycle strategies are being actively researched to address this issue. Black phosphorus (BP) exhibits remarkable performance and significant potential in this area due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Nevertheless, its practical application is hindered by ambient instability. This review covers the synthesis methods of BP materials, analyzes their instability factors under environmental conditions, discusses stability improvement strategies, and provides an overview of the applications of ambient-stable BP materials in nitrogen cycle, including N2 fixation, NO3- reduction, NOx removal and nitrides sensing. The review concludes by summarizing the challenges and prospects of BP materials in the nitrogen cycle, offering valuable guidance to researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Jiafu Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xiaogang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yahui Cai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jundie Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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4
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Rossi A, Spagnoli E, Tralli F, Marzocchi M, Guidi V, Fabbri B. New Approach for the Detection of Sub-ppm Limonene: An Investigation through Chemoresistive Metal-Oxide Semiconductors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6291. [PMID: 37514586 PMCID: PMC10383529 DOI: 10.3390/s23146291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
R-(+)-limonene, one of the major constituents of citrus oils, is a monoterpene that is widely used as a fragrance additive in cosmetics, foods, and industrial solvents. Nowadays, its detection mainly relies on bulky and expensive analytical methods and only a few research works proved its revelation through affordable and portable sensors, such as electrochemical and quartz crystal microbalance sensors. In response to the demand for effective miniaturized sensing devices to be integrated into Internet of Things systems, this study represents a pioneering investigation of chemoresistive gas sensor capabilities addressed to R-(+)-limonene detection. An array of seven metal-oxide sensors was exploited to perform a complete electrical characterization of the target analyte. The experimental evidence allowed us to identify the WO3-based sensor as the most promising candidate for R-(+)-limonene detection. The material was highly sensitive already at sub-ppm concentrations (response of 2.5 at 100 ppb), consistent with applicative parameters, and it resulted in selective vs. different gases at a lower operating temperature (200 °C) than the other sensors tested. Furthermore, it exhibited a humidity-independent behavior under real-life conditions (relative humidity > 20%). Finally, the WO3 sensor also demonstrated a remarkable cross-selectivity, thus enabling its exploitation in cutting-edge applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Rossi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Spagnoli
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Tralli
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Marzocchi
- Sacmi Imola S.C., Olfactory Systems, Via Selice Prov.le, 17/a, 40026 Imola, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guidi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Fabbri
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
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5
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Vanni M, Serrano-Ruiz M, Filippi J, Salvatici MC, Fonda E, Peruzzini M, Caporali M. Unraveling the Role of Nickel Nanoparticles Functionalization in the Electronic Properties and Structural Features of 2D Black Phosphorene Exposed to Ambient Conditions. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200457. [PMID: 36799270 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Layered black phosphorus (BP) is endowed with peculiar chemico-physical properties that make it a highly promising candidate in the field of electronics. Nevertheless, as other 2D materials with atomic scale thickness, it suffers from easy degradation under ambient conditions. Herein, it is shown that the functionalization of BP with preformed and in situ grown Ni NPs, affects the electronic properties of the material. In particular, Ni functionalization performed in situ leads to a narrowing of the average BP band gap from 1.15 to 0.95 eV and to a marked shift in the conduction band maximum from -0.33 V to -0.07 V, which, in turn, improve the ambient stability. Structural studies carried out by XAS can well distinguish the two nanohybrids and reveal that once Ni NPs are grown on BP nanosheets, a Ni-P coordinative bond is formed, featuring a short Ni-P distance of 2.27 Å, which is not observed when preformed Ni NPs are immobilized on BP. Comparing the XANES and EXAFS spectra of fresh and aged samples of both nanohybrids, suggests that the interaction between Ni and P atoms results in a stabilization effect exerted via a dual electronic and redox mechanism, that infers a much superior ambient stability to BP, even if the surface functionalization is far to achieve a full coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vanni
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Jonathan Filippi
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Salvatici
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Emiliano Fonda
- Synchrotron SOLEIL L'orme des Merisiers, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Caporali
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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6
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Tang Y, Zhao Y, Liu H. Room-Temperature Semiconductor Gas Sensors: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3582-3597. [PMID: 36399520 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our demand for ubiquitous and reliable gas detection is spurring the design of intelligent and enabling gas sensors for the next-generation Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence. The desire to introduce gas sensors everywhere is fueled by opportunities to create room-temperature semiconductor gas sensors with ultralow power consumption. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the recent achievement of room-temperature gas sensors that have been translated from the advances in the design of the chemical and physical properties of low-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials. The emergence of solution-processable nanomaterials opens up remarkable opportunities to integrate into high-performance and flexible room-temperature gas sensors by using low-temperature, large-area, solution-based methods instead of costly, high-vacuum, high-temperature device manufacturing processes. We review the fundamental factors which affect the receptor and transducer functions of semiconductor gas sensors. We also discuss challenges that must be addressed in the move to the continuous miniaturization and evolution of semiconductor gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Tang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yunong Zhao
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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7
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Li J, Zhang R, Zhao H, Wang Y. Ag decoration-enabled sensitization enhancement of black phosphorus nanosheets for trace NO 2 detection at room temperature. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:129086. [PMID: 35650733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP), one rising star of two-dimensional (2D) materials, has showcased a huge capability for ppb-level NO2 detection. However, sluggish reaction kinetics and fragile stability frustrate its further application. In this regard, for the first time we prepared Ag nanoparticles modified BP nanosheets as the sensing layer via one feasible method to recognize trace NO2 at room temperature. With respect to individual BP, the composition-optimized BP-Ag nanocomposites (BP-Ag-1 sensor) achieved a favorable performance primarily in terms of boosted response (39.9% vs. 11.8%, 100 ppb NO2), accelerated response speed (190 s vs. 486 s, 100 ppb NO2) and strengthened operation stability, together with ultralow theoretical detection limit of 0.25 ppb. Furthermore, a protection layer comprised of polylactic acid (PLA) was anchored onto the surface of BP-Ag-1 sensor to keep the water molecules physically from the sensing layer and retain a distinguishable signal toward trace NO2 at high moisture environments. The introduction of Ag and PLA separately reduced the lone electron pairs from P atoms and suppressed the water penetration into the BP film, thereby offering an alternative way to passivate BP for its optoelectronic applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Hongchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
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8
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Zhang L, Li Z, Yang J, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Li Y. A Fully Integrated Flexible Tunable Chemical Sensor Based on Gold-Modified Indium Selenide Nanosheets. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1183-1193. [PMID: 35380788 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel light-modulated bifunctional gas sensor based on Au nanoparticles-modified 2D InSe nanosheets was demonstrated. The prepared sensor displayed a reversible and extremely high response for recognition of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) under visible-light illumination. The sensitivity (1192%) was about 10 times higher than that under dark condition, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.17 ppb. In contrast, when sensing ammonia (NH3), higher sensitivity and selectivity were obtained in darkness rather than in light, with sensitivity and LOD of 11% and 0.2 ppm. Furthermore, the sensor possesses decent stability, repeatability, and anti-interference ability. The tunable sensing behavior with light modulation has been clearly studied with the help of density functional theory. A new principle called "carrier storage box" of Au nanoparticles was proposed to explain the change in surface state of InSe under light modulation. Finally, the prepared sensor has been successfully applied to construct a fully integrated wearable device to measure NH3 and NO2 in ambient environment. In all, this work provides a highly competitive gas detection method and paves the way for designing 2D materials-based optoelectronic devices with tunable and multifunctional features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital; SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital; SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital; SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yingchun Li
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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9
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Krik S, Valt M, Gaiardo A, Fabbri B, Spagnoli E, Caporali M, Malagù C, Bellutti P, Guidi V. Elucidating the Ambient Stability and Gas Sensing Mechanism of Nickel-Decorated Phosphorene for NO 2 Detection: A First-Principles Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:9808-9817. [PMID: 35350331 PMCID: PMC8945183 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the field of layered two-dimensional functional materials, black phosphorus has attracted considerable attention in many applications due to its outstanding electrical properties. It has experimentally shown superior chemical sensing performance for the room temperature detection of NO2, highlighting high sensitivity at a ppb level. Unfortunately, pristine black phosphorus demonstrated an unstable functionality due to the fast degradation of the material when exposed to the ambient atmosphere. In the present work, a deepened investigation by density functional theory was carried out to study how nickel decoration of phosphorene can improve the stability of the material. Further, an insight into the sensing mechanism of nickel-loaded phosphorene toward NO2 was given and compared to pristine phosphorene. This first-principles study proved that, by introducing nickel adatoms, the band gap of the material decreases and the positions of the conduction band minimum and the valence band maximum move toward each other, resulting in a drop in the conduction band minimum under the redox potential of O2/O2 -, which may result in a more stable material. Studying the adsorption of O2 molecules on pristine phosphorene, we also proved that all oxygen molecules coming from the surrounding atmosphere react with phosphorus atoms in the layer, resulting in the oxidation of the material forming oxidized phosphorus species (PO x ). Instead, by introducing nickel adatoms, part of the oxygen from the surrounding atmosphere reacts with nickel atoms, resulting in a decrease of the oxidation rate of the material and in subsequent long-term stability of the device. Finally, possible reaction paths for the detection of NO2 are given by charge transfer analyses, occurring at the surface during the adsorption of oxygen molecules and the interaction with the target gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufiane Krik
- Department
of Physics and Earth Sciences, University
of Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Sensing
Technologies Lab, Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Matteo Valt
- MNF
− Micro Nano Facility Unit, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaiardo
- MNF
− Micro Nano Facility Unit, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Barbara Fabbri
- Department
of Physics and Earth Sciences, University
of Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Spagnoli
- Department
of Physics and Earth Sciences, University
of Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Caporali
- CNR
ICCOM − Italian National Council for Research-Institute for
the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Cesare Malagù
- Department
of Physics and Earth Sciences, University
of Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bellutti
- MNF
− Micro Nano Facility Unit, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guidi
- Department
of Physics and Earth Sciences, University
of Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
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10
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Spagnoli E, Gaiardo A, Fabbri B, Valt M, Krik S, Ardit M, Cruciani G, Della Ciana M, Vanzetti L, Vola G, Gherardi S, Bellutti P, Malagù C, Guidi V. Design of a Metal-Oxide Solid Solution for Sub-ppm H 2 Detection. ACS Sens 2022; 7:573-583. [PMID: 35170943 PMCID: PMC8886563 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen is largely adopted in industrial processes and is one of the leading options for storing renewable energy. Due to its high explosivity, detection of H2 has become essential for safety in industries, storage, and transportation. This work aims to design a sensing film for high-sensitivity H2 detection. Chemoresistive gas sensors have extensively been studied for H2 monitoring due to their good sensitivity and low cost. However, further research and development are still needed for a reliable H2 detection at sub-ppm concentrations. Metal-oxide solid solutions represent a valuable approach for tuning the sensing properties by modifying their composition, morphology, and structure. The work started from a solid solution of Sn and Ti oxides, which is known to exhibit high sensitivity toward H2. Such a solid solution was empowered by the addition of Nb, which─according to earlier studies on titania films─was expected to inhibit grain growth at high temperatures, to reduce the film resistance and to impact the sensor selectivity and sensitivity. Powders were synthesized through the sol-gel technique by keeping the Sn-Ti ratio constant at the optimal value for H2 detection with different Nb concentrations (1.5-5 atom %). Such solid solutions were thermally treated at 650 and 850 °C. The sensor based on the solid solution calcined at 650 °C and with the lowest content of Nb exhibited an extremely high sensitivity toward H2, paving the way for H2 ppb detection. For comparison, the response to 50 ppm of H2 was increased 6 times vs SnO2 and twice that of (Sn,Ti)xO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Spagnoli
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaiardo
- MNF-Micro Nano Facility Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, via Sommarive 18, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Barbara Fabbri
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
| | - Matteo Valt
- MNF-Micro Nano Facility Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, via Sommarive 18, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Soufiane Krik
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
- Sensing Technologies Lab, Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, piazza Università 1, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Matteo Ardit
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cruciani
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
| | - Michele Della Ciana
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, via Gobetti 101, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Lia Vanzetti
- MNF-Micro Nano Facility Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, via Sommarive 18, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Gabriele Vola
- Cimprogetti S.r.l. Lime Technologies, via Pasubio, Bergamo 24044, Italy
| | - Sandro Gherardi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bellutti
- MNF-Micro Nano Facility Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, via Sommarive 18, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Cesare Malagù
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guidi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Giuseppe Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
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11
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Feng Z, Gaiardo A, Valt M, Fabbri B, Casotti D, Krik S, Vanzetti L, Ciana MD, Fioravanti S, Caramori S, Rota A, Guidi V. Investigation on Sensing Performance of Highly Doped Sb/SnO2. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22031233. [PMID: 35161978 PMCID: PMC8840147 DOI: 10.3390/s22031233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Tin dioxide (SnO2) is the most-used semiconductor for gas sensing applications. However, lack of selectivity and humidity influence limit its potential usage. Antimony (Sb) doped SnO2 showed unique electrical and chemical properties, since the introduction of Sb ions leads to the creation of a new shallow band level and of oxygen vacancies acting as donors in SnO2. Although low-doped SnO2:Sb demonstrated an improvement of the sensing performance compared to pure SnO2, there is a lack of investigation on this material. To fill this gap, we focused this work on the study of gas sensing properties of highly doped SnO2:Sb. Morphology, crystal structure and elemental composition were characterized, highlighting that Sb doping hinders SnO2 grain growth and decreases crystallinity slightly, while lattice parameters expand after the introduction of Sb ions into the SnO2 crystal. XRF and EDS confirmed the high purity of the SnO2:Sb powders, and XPS highlighted a higher Sb concentration compared to XRF and EDS results, due to a partial Sb segregation on superficial layers of Sb/SnO2. Then, the samples were exposed to different gases, highlighting a high selectivity to NO2 with a good sensitivity and a limited influence of humidity. Lastly, an interpretation of the sensing mechanism vs. NO2 was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifu Feng
- MNF—Micro Nano Facility, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy; (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.V.); (S.F.)
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (B.F.); (M.D.C.)
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (V.G.); Tel.: +39-3280612986 (Z.F.); +39-0532974284 (V.G.)
| | - Andrea Gaiardo
- MNF—Micro Nano Facility, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy; (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Matteo Valt
- MNF—Micro Nano Facility, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy; (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Barbara Fabbri
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (B.F.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Davide Casotti
- CNR—Institute of Nanoscience, Centro S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy; (D.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Soufiane Krik
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bozen, Italy;
| | - Lia Vanzetti
- MNF—Micro Nano Facility, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy; (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Michele Della Ciana
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (B.F.); (M.D.C.)
- Unit of Bologna, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Fioravanti
- MNF—Micro Nano Facility, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy; (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.V.); (S.F.)
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Alberto Rota
- CNR—Institute of Nanoscience, Centro S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy; (D.C.); (A.R.)
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Applied Research and Services in the Advanced Mechanics and Motor Engineering Sector, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vignolese 905/B, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guidi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (B.F.); (M.D.C.)
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (V.G.); Tel.: +39-3280612986 (Z.F.); +39-0532974284 (V.G.)
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Liu X, Chen L, Wu Y, Zhang X, Chambaud G, Han Y, Meng C. Pd Speciation on Black Phosphorene in CO and C2H4 Atmosphere: A First-principles Investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14284-14293. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deposited transition metal clusters and nanoparticles are widely used as catalysts and have long been thought stable in reaction conditions. We investigated the electronic structure and stability of freestanding and...
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Adamu BI, Chen P, Chu W. Role of nanostructuring of sensing materials in performance of electrical gas sensors by combining with extra strategies. NANO EXPRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac3636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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