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Yang K, Zhang J, Zhang C, Guan J, Ling S, Shao Z. Hierarchical design of silkworm silk for functional composites. Chem Soc Rev 2025; 54:4973-5020. [PMID: 40237181 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00776j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2025]
Abstract
Silk-reinforced composites (SRCs) manifest the unique properties of silkworm silk fibers, offering enhanced mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. These composites present an eco-friendly alternative to conventional synthetic materials, with applications expanding beyond biomedical engineering, flexible electronics, and environmental filtration. This review explores the diverse forms of silkworm silk fibers including fabrics, long fibers, and nanofibrils, for functional composites. It highlights advancements in composite design and processing techniques that allow precise engineering of mechanical and functional performance. Despite substantial progress, challenges remain in making optimally functionalized SRCs with multi-faceted performance and understanding the mechanics for reverse-design of SRCs. Future research should focus on the unique sustainable, biodegradable and biocompatible advantages and embrace advanced processing technology, as well as artificial intelligence-assisted material design to exploit the full potential of SRCs. This review on SRCs will offer a foundation for future advancements in multifunctional and high-performance silk-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Jingwu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
| | - Juan Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Shengjie Ling
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
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2
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Liang J, Wang P, Lin Y, Jia A, Tong F, Li Z. Advances in Photothermal Therapy for Oral Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:4344. [PMID: 40362580 PMCID: PMC12072920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26094344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2025] [Revised: 04/28/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer represents a critical global health issue, where traditional treatment modalities are often characterized by considerable adverse effects and suboptimal effectiveness. Photothermal therapy (PTT) offers an innovative method for tumor treatment, leveraging photothermal agents to convert light into hyperthermia, ultimately leading to tumor ablation. PTT offers unique advantages in treating oral cancer due to its superficial anatomical location and consequent accessibility to laser irradiation. PTT's advantage is further enhanced by its capacity to facilitate drug release and promote tissue regeneration. Consequently, the application of PTT for oral cancer has garnered widespread interest and has undergone rapid development. This review outlines advances in PTT for oral cancer, emphasizing strategies to improve efficacy and combination therapy approaches. The key challenges, including temperature control and long-term biosafety, are discussed alongside future directions. The review also encompasses PTT's role in managing oral potentially malignant disorders and postoperative defects, conditions intimately linked with oral cancer. We aim to provide guidance for emerging PTT research in oral cancer and to promote the development of precise and efficient treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liang
- School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.L.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (A.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.L.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (A.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanfang Lin
- School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.L.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (A.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ao Jia
- School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.L.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (A.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Fei Tong
- School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.L.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (A.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.L.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (A.J.)
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
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Ghosh S, Shajahan F, Adhikari J, Bera AK, Ghosh A, Pati F. Visible Light Cross-Linked Methacrylated Silk Fibroin Enables Enhanced Osteogenic Response in Bioprinted Dual-Layer Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:23553-23574. [PMID: 40222015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c22349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
Precise design and fabrication of photo-cross-linked hydrogels with controlled network architecture and tailored mechanical properties are essential for advancing complex tissue engineering applications. In this study, a visible-light-activated type II photo-cross-linking system was developed using eosin Y/triethanolamine/N-vinylpyrrolidone (VE) to fabricate methacrylated silk fibroin (SFM) hydrogels through oxygen-mediated controlled photolysis. In comparison to conventional UV-initiated lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate cross-linking, which rapidly yields mechanically stiffer networks with pronounced β-structures, the VE system (0.02 mM eosin Y, 100 mM triethanolamine, and 50 mM N-vinylpyrrolidone) enabled the fabrication of gradually formed compliant homogeneous networks. This tunability allowed using VE cross-linked SFM in light-assisted extrusion bioprinting to fabricate a dual-layer guided bone regeneration membrane incorporating a collagen I-rich ECM layer. Under calcium-supplemented conditions, the dual-layer membrane exhibited robust osteogenic potential, evidenced by significantly elevated ALP activity and distinctive nodular mineralization patterns compared with single-layer controls. Gene expression profiles revealed coordinated regulation of early (RUNX2, COL1A1), mid-to-late (SPP1, SPARC), and late-stage (BGLAP) markers, indicating successful progression through the osteogenic program. The heterogeneous design achieved a desired balance between its barrier function and tissue integration with an interconnected porous architecture that limits soft tissue downgrowth while supporting matrix organization conducive to bone regeneration. These findings establish critical structure-function relationships in photo-cross-linked biomaterials and highlight how mechanistic understanding of cross-linking chemistry can guide the rational design of functional scaffolds for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Ghosh
- BioFabTE Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Fathima Shajahan
- BioFabTE Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Jaideep Adhikari
- BioFabTE Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Ashis Kumar Bera
- BioFabTE Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Anwesha Ghosh
- BioFabTE Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Falguni Pati
- BioFabTE Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
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Liang R, Li R, Mo W, Zhang X, Ye J, Xie C, Li W, Peng Z, Gu Y, Huang Y, Zhang S, Wang X, Ouyang H. Engineering biomimetic silk fibroin hydrogel scaffolds with "organic-inorganic assembly" strategy for rapid bone regeneration. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:541-556. [PMID: 39055734 PMCID: PMC11269296 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Although natural polymers have been widely used in constructing bone scaffolds, it still remains challenging to fabricate natural polymer-derived bone scaffolds with biomimetic mechanical properties as well as outstanding osteogenic properties for large-size and weight-bearing bone defects regeneration. Herein, an "organic-inorganic assembly" strategy is developed to construct silk fibroin (SF)-based bone scaffolds with the aforementioned merits. After secondary structure reshuffling, the 3.3-fold increment of β-sheet structures in SF hydrogel resulted in a 100-fold improvement of mineral-assembly efficacy via influencing the ion adsorption process and providing templates for mineral growth. Notably, abundant minerals were deposited within the hydrogel and also on the surface, which indicated entire mineral-assembly, which ensured the biomimetic mechanical properties of the digital light processing 3D printed SF hydrogel scaffolds with haversian-mimicking structure. In vitro experiments proved that the assembly between the mineral and SF results in rapid adhesion and enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In vivo experiments further proved that the mineral-assembled SF hydrogel scaffold could significantly enhance integration and bone regeneration at the weight-bearing site within one month. This SF-based "organic-inorganic assembly" strategy sheds light on constructing cell-free, growth factor-free and natural polymer-derived bone scaffolds with biomimetic 3D structure, mechanical properties and excellent osteogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Liang
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Weidong Mo
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Xianzhu Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinchun Ye
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Chang Xie
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Wenyue Li
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Yuqing Gu
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhao Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Department of Sports Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
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Liu Y, Shi C, Ming P, Yuan L, Jiang X, Jiang M, Cai R, Lan X, Xiao J, Tao G. Biomimetic fabrication of sr-silk fibroin co-assembly hydroxyapatite based microspheres with angiogenic and osteogenic properties for bone tissue engineering. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:101011. [PMID: 38445010 PMCID: PMC10912917 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects caused by trauma, tumor resection, or developmental abnormalities are important issues in clinical practice. The vigorous development of tissue engineering technology provides new ideas and directions for regenerating bone defects. Hydroxyapatite (HAp), a bioactive ceramic, is extensively used in bone tissue engineering because of its excellent osteoinductive performance. However, its application is challenged by its single function and conventional environment-unfriendly synthesis methods. In this study, we successfully "green" synthesized sr-silk fibroin co-assembly hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Sr-SF-HA) using silk fibroin (SF) as a biomineralized template, thus enabling it to have angiogenic activity and achieving the combination of organic and inorganic substances. Then, the rough composite microspheres loaded with Sr-SF-HA (CS/Sr-SF-HA) through electrostatic spraying technology and freeze-drying method were prepared. The CCK-8 test and live/dead cell staining showed excellent biocompatibility of CS/Sr-SF-HA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining (ARS), immunofluorescence, western blotting, and qRT-PCR test showed that CS/Sr-SF-HA activated the expression of related genes and proteins, thus inducing the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Moreover, tube formation experiments, scratch experiments, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR detection indicated that CS/Sr-SF-HA have good angiogenic activity. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that the CS/Sr-SF-HA possesses excellent biocompatibility, vascular activity, as well as ectopic osteogenic ability in the subcutaneous pocket of rats. This study indicates that the construction of CS/Sr-SF-HA with angiogenic and osteogenic properties has great potential for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Chengji Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Piaoye Ming
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Lingling Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xueyu Jiang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaorong Lan
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jingang Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Gang Tao
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
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6
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Zhou Y, Liu K, Zhang H. Biomimetic Mineralization: From Microscopic to Macroscopic Materials and Their Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3516-3531. [PMID: 36944024 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is an attractive pathway to produce mineral-based biomaterials with high performance and hierarchical structures. To date, the biomineralization process and mechanism have been extensively studied, especially for the formation of bone, teeth, and nacre. Inspired by those, abundant biomimetic mineralized materials have been fabricated for biomedical applications. Those bioinspired materials generally exhibit great mechanical properties and biological functions. Nevertheless, substantial gaps remain between biomimetic materials and natural materials, particularly with respect to mechanical properties and mutiscale structures. This Review summarizes the recent progress of micro- and macroscopic biomimetic mineralization from the perspective of materials synthesis and biomedical applications. To begin with, we discuss the progress of biomimetic mineralization at the microscopic level. The mechanical strength, stability, and functionality of the nano- and micromaterials are significantly improved by introducing biominerals, such as DNA nanostructures, nanovaccines, and living cells. Next, numerous biomimetic strategies based on biomineralization at the macroscopic scale are highlighted, including in situ mineralization and bottom-up assembly of mineralized building blocks. Finally, challenges and future perspectives regarding the development of biomimetic mineralization are also presented with the aim of offering insights for the rational design and fabrication of next-generation biomimetic mineralized materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusai Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
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7
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Ghandforoushan P, Alehosseini M, Golafshan N, Castilho M, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Hanaee J, Davaran S, Orive G. Injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue regeneration: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125674. [PMID: 37406921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Annually, millions of patients suffer from irreversible injury owing to the loss or failure of an organ or tissue caused by accident, aging, or disease. The combination of injectable hydrogels and the science of stem cells have emerged to address this persistent issue in society by generating minimally invasive treatments to augment tissue function. Hydrogels are composed of a cross-linked network of polymers that exhibit a high-water retention capacity, thereby mimicking the wet environment of native cells. Due to their inherent mechanical softness, hydrogels can be used as needle-injectable stem cell carrier materials to mend tissue defects. Hydrogels are made of different natural or synthetic polymers, displaying a broad portfolio of eligible properties, which include biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, shear-thinning properties as well as tunable biological and physicochemical properties. Presently, novel ongoing developments and native-like hydrogels are increasingly being used broadly to improve the quality of life of those with disabling tissue-related diseases. The present review outlines various future and in-vitro applications of injectable hydrogel-based biomaterials, focusing on the newest ongoing developments of in-situ forming injectable hydrogels for bone and cartilage tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Ghandforoushan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran; Clinical Research Development, Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Alehosseini
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nasim Golafshan
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jalal Hanaee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain; University of the Basque Country, Spain.
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8
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Ranjbar FE, Farzad-Mohajeri S, Samani S, Saremi J, Khademi R, Dehghan MM, Azami M. Kaempferol-loaded bioactive glass-based scaffold for bone tissue engineering: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12375. [PMID: 37524784 PMCID: PMC10390521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of bone disorders among people especially in average age, the future of treatments for osseous abnormalities has been illuminated by scaffold-based bone tissue engineering. In this study, in vitro and in vivo properties of 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (bare (B.SC), Zein-coated (C.SC), and Zein-coated containing Kaempferol (KC.SC)) were evaluated. This is a follow-up study on our previously published paper, where we synthesized 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds coated with Kaempferol-loaded Zein biopolymer, and characterized from mostly engineering points of view to find the optimum composition. For this aim, in vitro assessments were done to evaluate the osteogenic capacity and biological features of the scaffolds. In the in vivo section, all types of scaffolds with/without bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) were implanted into rat calvaria bone defects, and potential of bone healing was assessed using imaging, staining, and histomorphometric analyses. It was shown that, Zein-coating covered surface cracks leading to better mechanical properties without negative effect on bioactivity and cell attachment. Also, BMSC differentiation proved that the presence of Kaempferol caused higher calcium deposition, increased alkaline phosphatase activity, bone-specific gene upregulation in vitro. Further, in vivo study confirmed positive effect of BMSC-loaded KC.SC on significant new bone formation resulting in complete bone regeneration. Combining physical properties of coated scaffolds with the osteogenic effect of Kaempferol and BMSCs could represent a new strategy for bone regeneration and provide a more effective approach to repairing critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Farzad-Mohajeri
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran
| | - Saeed Samani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Saremi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Rahele Khademi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Feng J, Liu J, Wang Y, Diao J, Kuang Y, Zhao N. Beta-TCP scaffolds with rationally designed macro-micro hierarchical structure improved angio/osteo-genesis capability for bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:36. [PMID: 37486393 PMCID: PMC10366319 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The design of hierarchical porous structure in scaffolds is crucial for bone defect regenerative repair. However, bioceramic materials present a challenge in precisely constructing designed micropores owing to the limitation of forming process. To investigate micropore shape influences bone regeneration in bioceramic scaffolds with macropores, hierarchical porous scaffolds with interconnective macropores (~400 μm) and two types of micropores (spherical and fibrous) were prepared using a combination of direct ink writing (DIW) and template sacrifice methods. Compared to the scaffold with spherical micropores, the scaffold with highly interconnected fibrous micropores significantly improved cell adhesion and upregulated osteogenic and angiogenetic-related gene expression in mBMSCs and HUVECs, respectively. Furthermore, in vivo implantation experiments showed that hierarchical scaffolds with fibrous micropores accelerated the bone repair process significantly. This result can be attributed to the high interconnectivity of fibrous micropores, which promotes the transportation of nutrients and waste during bone regeneration. Our work demonstrates that hierarchical porous scaffold design, especially one with a fibrous micropore structure, is a promising strategy for improving the bone regeneration performance of bioceramic scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlang Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Biomaterials for Medical Devices, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Junjie Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Biomaterials for Medical Devices, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yingqu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jingjing Diao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Medical Devices Research & Testing Center of SCUT, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yudi Kuang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China.
- Guangdong Institute of Advanced Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Guangzhou, 510535, PR China.
| | - Naru Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Biomaterials for Medical Devices, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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10
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Luo R, Li F, Wang Y, Zou H, Shang J, Fan Y, Liu H, Xu Z, Li R, Liu H. MXene-modified 3D printed scaffold for photothermal therapy and facilitation of oral mucosal wound reconstruction. MATERIALS & DESIGN 2023; 227:111731. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2025]
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11
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Flaxseed mucilage/calcium phosphate composites as bioactive material for bone tissue regeneration. Polym Bull (Berl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-023-04703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBiocompatible polymers are attractive material for the manufacturing of surgical implants which break down in vivo without the necessity for a consequent operation for removal. Elaboration of composite biomaterials scaffolds as artificial bone graft materials remains a major task in bioengineering. Flaxseed mucilage was used as bioactive polysaccharide for preparing composite scaffolds made of calcium phosphate embedded in mucilage matrix. Calcium chloride was mixed with mucilage followed by the addition of phosphate precursor to stimulate the in situ formation of calcium phosphate. The obtained scaffolds mucilage/calcium phosphate at different pHs (5 and 8) were characterized using FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM/EDX and TEM. The results showed the formation of two phases: mucilage/dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (MU/brushite) and mucilage/hydroxyapatite (MU/HA). MTT test was applied to evaluate viability of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cells, and the formed hybrids at various pH conditions were classified as non-cytotoxic. These findings establish the potential of developed composite to be used as bone graft substitute materials.
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12
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Natural Biopolymers for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Brief Review. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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13
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Wu H, Lin K, Zhao C, Wang X. Silk fibroin scaffolds: A promising candidate for bone regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1054379. [PMID: 36507269 PMCID: PMC9732393 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1054379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains a big challenge in clinical practice to repair large-sized bone defects and many factors limit the application of autografts and allografts, The application of exogenous scaffolds is an alternate strategy for bone regeneration, among which the silk fibroin (SF) scaffold is a promising candidate. Due to the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, satisfying mechanical property, controllable biodegradability and structural adjustability, SF scaffolds exhibit great potential in bone regeneration with the help of well-designed structures, bioactive components and functional surface modification. This review will summarize the cell and tissue interaction with SF scaffolds, techniques to fabricate SF-based scaffolds and modifications of SF scaffolds to enhance osteogenesis, which will provide a deep and comprehensive insight into SF scaffolds and inspire the design and fabrication of novel SF scaffolds for superior osteogenic performance. However, there still needs more comprehensive efforts to promote better clinical translation of SF scaffolds, including more experiments in big animal models and clinical trials. Furthermore, deeper investigations are also in demand to reveal the degradation and clearing mechanisms of SF scaffolds and evaluate the influence of degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cancan Zhao
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Cancan Zhao, ; Xudong Wang,
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China,Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Cancan Zhao, ; Xudong Wang,
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14
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Lee S, M Silva S, Caballero Aguilar LM, Eom T, Moulton SE, Shim BS. Biodegradable bioelectronics for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8575-8595. [PMID: 36214325 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01475k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have been widely used in tissue engineering with the potential to be replaced by regenerative tissue. While conventional bionic interfaces are designed to be implanted in living tissue and organs permanently, biocompatible and biodegradable electronic materials are now progressing a paradigm shift towards transient and regenerative bionic engineering. For example, biodegradable bioelectronics can monitor physiologies in a body, transiently rehabilitate disease symptoms, and seamlessly form regenerative interfaces from synthetic electronic devices to tissues by reducing inflammatory foreign-body responses. Conventional electronic materials have not readily been considered biodegradable. However, several strategies have been adopted for designing electroactive and biodegradable materials systems: (1) conductive materials blended with biodegradable components, (2) molecularly engineered conjugated polymers with biodegradable moieties, (3) naturally derived conjugated biopolymers, and (4) aqueously dissolvable metals with encapsulating layers. In this review, we endeavor to present the technical bridges from electrically active and biodegradable material systems to edible and biodegradable electronics as well as transient bioelectronics with pre-clinical bio-instrumental applications, including biodegradable sensors, neural and tissue engineering, and intelligent drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyeon Lee
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Saimon M Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Lilith M Caballero Aguilar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Taesik Eom
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Bong Sup Shim
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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15
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Shi R, Ye D, Ma K, Tian W, Zhao Y, Guo H, Shao Z, Guan J, Ritchie RO. Understanding the Interfacial Adhesion between Natural Silk and Polycaprolactone for Fabrication of Continuous Silk Biocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46932-46944. [PMID: 36194850 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The poor interfacial adhesion between silk fiber and polyester species remains a critical problem for the optimal mechanical performance of silk-reinforced polyester composites. Here, we investigated in quantitative terms the interfacial properties between natural silk fibers and polycaprolactone (PCL) at nano-, micro-, and macroscales and fabricated continuous silk-PCL composite filaments by melt extrusion and drawing processing of PCL melt at 100, 120, and 140 °C. Bombyx mori (Bm) silk, Antheraea pernyi (Ap) silk, and polyamide6 (PA6) fiber were compared to the composite with PCL. The Ap silk exhibited the highest surface energy, the best wettability, and the largest interfacial shear strength (IFSS) with PCL. The silk-PCL composite from the 120 °C melt processing displayed the highest tensile modulus, implying an optimal temperature for interfacial adhesion. The Raman imaging technique revealed in detail the nature of the physical fusion of the interface phase in these silk- and polyamide-reinforced PCL composites. This work is intended to lay a foundation for the design and processing of robust composites from continuous silk fibers and bioresorbable polyesters for potential structural biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Ye
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen529020, P. R. China
| | - Ke Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Wenhan Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, P. R. China
| | - Juan Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100083, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
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16
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Zou S, Yao X, Shao H, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Zhang Y. Nonmulberry silk fibroin-based biomaterials: Impact on cell behavior regulation and tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:68-84. [PMID: 36113722 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) is a promising biomaterial due to its good biocompatibility, easy availability, and high mechanical properties. Compared with mulberry silk fibroin (MSF), nonmulberry silk fibroin (NSF) isolated from typical nonmulberry silkworm silk exhibits unique arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequences with favorable cell adhesion enhancing effect. This inherent property probably makes the NSF more suitable for cell culture and tissue regeneration-related applications. Accordingly, various types of NSF-based biomaterials, such as particles, films, fiber mats, and 3D scaffolds, are constructed and their application potential in different biomedical fields is extensively investigated. Based on these promising NSF biomaterials, this review firstly makes a systematical comparison between the molecular structure and properties of MSF and typical NSF and highlights the unique properties of NSF. In addition, we summarize the effective fabrication strategies from degummed nonmulberry silk fibers to regenerated NSF-based biomaterials with controllable formats and their recent application progresses in cell behavior regulation and tissue regeneration. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives for the fabrication and application of NSF-based biomaterials are discussed. Related research and perspectives may provide valuable references for designing and modifying effective NSF-based and other natural biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There exist many reviews about mulberry silk fibroin (MSF) biomaterials and their biomedical applications, while that about nonmulberry silk fibroin (NSF) biomaterials is scarce. Compared with MSF, NSF exhibits unique arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequences with promising cell adhesion enhancing effect, which makes NSF more suitable for cell culture and tissue regeneration related applications. Focusing on these advanced NSF biomaterials, this review has systematically compared the structure and properties of MSF and NSF, and emphasized the unique properties of NSF. Following that, the effective construction strategies for NSF-based biomaterials are summarized, and their recent applications in cell behavior regulations and tissue regenerations are highlighted. Furthermore, current challenges and future perspectives for the fabrication and application of NSF-based biomaterials were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui L Reis
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Monavari M, Medhekar R, Nawaz Q, Monavari M, Fuentes-Chandía M, Homaeigohar S, Boccaccini AR. A 3D Printed Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Composed of Alginate Dialdehyde-Gelatine Reinforced by Lysozyme Loaded Cerium Doped Mesoporous Silica-Calcia Nanoparticles. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200113. [PMID: 35795888 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel biomaterial comprising alginate dialdehyde-gelatine (ADA-GEL) hydrogel augmented by lysozyme loaded mesoporous cerium doped silica-calcia nanoparticles (Lys-Ce-MSNs) was 3D printed to create bioactive scaffolds. Lys-Ce-MSNs raised the mechanical stiffness of the hydrogel composite scaffold and induced surface apatite mineralization, when the scaffold was immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the scaffolds could co-deliver bone healing (Ca and Si) and antioxidant ions (Ce), and Lys to achieve antibacterial (and potentially anticancer) properties. The nanocomposite hydrogel scaffolds could hold and deliver Lys steadily. Based on the in vitro results, the hydrogel nanocomposite containing Lys assured improved pre-osteoblast cell (MC3T3-E1) proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation, thanks to the biocompatibility of ADA-GEL, bioactivity of Ce-MSNs, and the stabilizing effect of Lys on the scaffold structure. On the other hand, the proliferation level of MG63 osteosarcoma cells decreased, likely due to the anticancer effect of Lys. Last but not least, cooperatively, alongside gentamicin (GEN), Lys brought about a proper antibacterial efficiency to the hydrogel nanocomposite scaffold against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Taken together, ADA-GEL/Lys-Ce-MSN nanocomposite holds great promise for 3D printing of multifunctional hydrogel BTE scaffolds, able to induce bone regeneration, address infection, and potentially inhibit tumor formation and growth. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Monavari
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Rucha Medhekar
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany.,Institute of Biomaterials and Advanced Materials and Processes Master Programme, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Qaisar Nawaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Mehran Monavari
- Section eScience (S.3), Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin, 12205, Germany
| | - Miguel Fuentes-Chandía
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany.,Department of Biology, Skeletal Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shahin Homaeigohar
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, United Kingdom
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
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18
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He B, Zhang J, He Q, Li B, Ran Y, Li Z, Chen J, Zhu Y, Chen X, Jiang T, Yu X, Tian Y. Integrity of the ECM Influences the Bone Regenerative Property of ECM/Dicalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3269-3280. [PMID: 35696704 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to the limitation of clinical autologous bone supply and other issues, the development of bone regeneration materials is still a hot topic. Natural tissue-derived bone repair materials have good biocompatibility and degradability, but their structure and properties are likely to be adversely affected during terminal sterilization. In this study, a composite scaffold consisting of the acellular extracellular matrix and dicalcium phosphate (ECM/DCP) was fabricated and terminally sterilized by γ-ray irradiation. In addition, the ECM/DCP scaffold was saturated with water and was also sterilized by γ-ray irradiation (RX-ECM/DCP). Results showed that the triple helix structure of collagen was better maintained in RX-ECM/DCP than in ECM/DCP. The thermal stability of RX-DCP/ECM was much better than that of ECP/ECM. The in vitro and in vivo performances of both types of scaffolds were also evaluated. The RX-ECM/DCP scaffold exhibited better in vitro bioactivity than that of the ECM/DCP scaffold as evidenced by more mineral formation in the simulated body fluid. In addition, RX-ECM/DCP also induced more effective bone regeneration than the ECM/DCP scaffold did in a rat calvarial defect model. Results sufficiently demonstrated that the addition of water to the scaffold could protect the structure of the ECM/DCP scaffold from being damaged by γ-ray irradiation during the terminal sterilization process. In summary, this study demonstrated a means to protect the ECM structure, which in turn led to the improvement of bone regenerative properties of the materials during γ-ray irradiation of ECM-based bone repair materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baichuan He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianhong He
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongfeng Ran
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Hangzhou Huamai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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19
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Liu S, Luo W, Wang G, Zhu Z, Ma Q, Liu Y, Wang L, Lu S, Zhang Y, Qian J, Zhang Y. Application of vancomycin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate/nanohydroxyapatite/carboxymethyl chitosan injectable hydrogels combined with BMSC sheets for the treatment of infected bone defects in a rabbit model. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:557. [PMID: 35681160 PMCID: PMC9185966 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The choice of bone substitutes for the treatment of infected bone defects (IBDs) has attracted the attention of surgeons for years. However, single-stage bioabsorbable materials that are used as carriers for antibiotic release, as well as scaffolds for BMSC sheets, need further exploration. Our study was designed to investigate the effect of vancomycin-loaded calcium sulfate hemihydrate/nanohydroxyapatite/carboxymethyl chitosan (CSH/n-HA/CMCS) hydrogels combined with BMSC sheets as bone substitutes for the treatment of IBDs. METHODS BMSCs were harvested and cultured into cell sheets. After the successful establishment of an animal model with chronic osteomyelitis, 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Animals in Group A were treated with thorough debridement as a control. Group B was treated with BMSC sheets. CSH/n-HA/CMCS hydrogels were implanted in the treatment of Group C, and Group D was treated with CSH/n-HA/CMCS+BMSC sheets. Gross observation and micro-CT 3D reconstruction were performed to assess the osteogenic and infection elimination abilities of the treatment materials. Histological staining (haematoxylin and eosin and Van Gieson) was used to observe inflammatory cell infiltration and the formation of collagen fibres at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation. RESULTS The bone defects of the control group were not repaired at 12 weeks, as chronic osteomyelitis was still observed. HE staining showed a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration around the tissue, and VG staining showed no new collagen fibres formation. In the BMSC sheet group, although new bone formation was observed by gross observation and micro-CT scanning, infection was not effectively controlled due to unfilled cavities. Some neutrophils and only a small amount of collagen fibres could be observed. Both the hydrogel and hydrogel/BMSCs groups achieved satisfactory repair effects and infection control. Micro-CT 3D reconstruction at 4 weeks showed that the hydrogel/BMSC sheet group had higher reconstruction efficiency and better bone modelling with normal morphology. HE staining showed little aggregation of inflammatory cells, and VG staining showed a large number of new collagen fibres. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary results suggested that compared to a single material, the novel antibiotic-impregnated hydrogels acted as superior scaffolds for BMSC sheets and excellent antibiotic vectors against infection, which provided a basis for applying tissue engineering technology to the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zihou Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Institute of Oral Tissue Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunyan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linhu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuaikun Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jixian Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second affiliated hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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20
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Parekh N, C K B, Kane K, Panicker A, Nisal A, Wangikar P, Agawane S. Superior processability of Antheraea mylitta silk with cryo-milling: Performance in bone tissue regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:155-165. [PMID: 35609838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Non-mulberry silk polymers have a promising future in biomedical applications. However, the dissolution of non-mulberry silk fiber is a still challenge and this poor processability has limited the use of this material. Here, we report a unique protocol to process the Antheraea mylitta (AM) silk fiber. We have shown that the cryo-milling of silk fiber reduces the beta sheet content by more than 10% and results in an SF powder that completely dissolves in routine solvents like trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) within few hours to form highly concentrated solutions (~20 wt%). Further, these solutions can be processed using conventional processing techniques such as electrospinning to form 3D scaffolds. Bombyx mori (BM) silk was used as a control sample in the study. In-vitro studies were also performed to monitor cell adhesion and proliferation and hMSCs differentiation into osteogenic lineage. Finally, the osteogenic potential of the scaffolds was also evaluated by a 4-week implantation study in rat calvarial model. The in-vitro and in-vivo results show that the processing techniques do not affect the biocompatibility of the material and the AM scaffolds support bone regeneration. Our results, thus, show that cryo-milling facilitates enhanced processability of non-mulberry silk and therefore expands its potential in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Parekh
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Bijosh C K
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India
| | - Kartiki Kane
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India
| | - Alaka Panicker
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India
| | - Anuya Nisal
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Pralhad Wangikar
- PRADO, Preclinical Research and Development Organization Pvt. Ltd., Pune 410506, India
| | - Sachin Agawane
- Biochemical Science Division, CSIR-NCL, Pune 411008, India
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21
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3D-printable chitosan/silk fibroin/cellulose nanoparticle scaffolds for bone regeneration via M2 macrophage polarization. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 281:119077. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Nasr Azadani M, Zahedi A, Bowoto OK, Oladapo BI. A review of current challenges and prospects of magnesium and its alloy for bone implant applications. Prog Biomater 2022; 11:1-26. [PMID: 35239157 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical application materials must meet multiple requirements, and the designed implant must mimic the bone structure in shape and support the formation of bone tissue (osteogenesis). Magnesium (Mg) alloys, as a "smart" biodegradable material and as "the green engineering material in the twenty-first century", have become an outstanding bone implant material due to their natural degradability, smart biocompatibility, and desirable mechanical properties. Magnesium is recognised as the next generation of orthopaedic appliances and bioresorbable scaffolds. At the same time, improving the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys is an urgent challenge to promote the application of magnesium alloys. Nevertheless, the excessively quick deterioration rate generally results in premature mechanical integrity disintegration and local hydrogen build-up, resulting in restricted clinical bone restoration applicability. The condition of Mg bone implants is thoroughly examined in this study. The relevant approaches to boost the corrosion resistance, including purification, alloying treatment, surface coating, and Mg-based metal matrix composite, are comprehensively revealed. These characteristics are reviewed to assess the progress of contemporary Mg-based biocomposites and alloys for biomedical applications. The fabricating techniques for Mg bone implants also are thoroughly investigated. Notably, laser-based additive manufacturing fabricates customised forms and complicated porous structures based on its distinctive additive manufacturing conception. Because of its high laser energy density and strong controllability, it is capable of fast heating and cooling, allowing it to modify the microstructure and performance. This review paper aims to provide more insight on the present challenges and continued research on Mg bone implants, highlighting some of the most important characteristics, challenges, and strategies for improving Mg bone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Nasr Azadani
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
| | - Abolfazl Zahedi
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Oluwole Kingsley Bowoto
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Bankole Ibrahim Oladapo
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
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23
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Moses JC, Dey S, Bandyopadhyay A, Agarwala M, Mandal BB. Silk-Based Bioengineered Diaphyseal Cortical Bone Unit Enclosing an Implantable Bone Marrow toward Atrophic Nonunion Grafting. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102031. [PMID: 34881525 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal fracture healing of atrophic long bone diaphyseal nonunions remains a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Paucity of autologous spongiosa has potentiated the use of tissue engineered bone grafts to improve success rates of bone marrow engraftment used in plate reosteosynthesis. Herein, the development and in vitro validation of a "sandwich-type" biofabricated diaphyseal cross-sectional unit, with an outer mechanically robust bioprinted cortical bone shell, encompassing an engineered bone marrow, are reported. Channelized silk fibroin blend sponges derived from Bombyx mori and Antheraea assama help in developing compartmentalized endosteum, exhibiting specialized osteoblasts (endosteal niche) and discontinuous endothelium (vascular niche). The cellular cross-talk between these two niches triggered via integrin-mediated cell adhesion, enables in preserving quiescence state of CD34+ /CD38- hematopoietic stem cells and their recycling in the engineered marrow. The outer cortical bone strut is developed through multimaterial microextrusion bioprinting strategy. Osteogenically primed mesenchymal stem cells-laden silk fibroin-nano-hydroxyapatite bioink is bioprinted alongside paramagnetic Fe-doped bioactive glass-polycaprolactone blend thermoplastic ink, reinforcing it for mechanical stability. Pulsed magnetic field actuation positively influences the osteogenic commitment and maturation of the bioprinted constructs via mechanotransductory route. Therefore, the assembled engineered marrow and bioprinted cortical shell hold promise as potential orthobiologic substitutes toward atrophic nonunion repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Christakiran Moses
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Souradeep Dey
- Centre for Nanotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Manoj Agarwala
- GNRC Institute of Medical Sciences (formerly known as Guwahati Neurological Research Centre) Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Biman B. Mandal
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
- Centre for Nanotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
- School of Health Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
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24
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Generation of hybrid tissue engineered construct through embedding autologous chondrocyte loaded platelet rich plasma/alginate based hydrogel in porous scaffold for cartilage regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:389-405. [PMID: 35063489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, various attempts have been made to develop suitable tissue-engineered constructs to repair or regenerate the damaged or diseased articular cartilage. In the present study, we embedded Platelet rich plasma (PRP)/Sodium Alginate (SA) based hydrogel in porous 3D scaffold of chitosan (CH)/chondroitin sulfate (CS)/silk fibroin (SF) to develop hybrid scaffold for cartilage tissue construct generation with abilities to support shape recovery potential, facilitate uniform cells distribution and mimic gel like cartilage tissue extracellular matrix.The developed hybrid matrix shows suitable pore size (55-261 μm), porosity (77 ± 4.3%) and compressive strength (0.13 ± 0.04 MPa) for cartilage tissue construct generation and its applications. The developed SA/PRP-based cartilage construct exhibits higher metabolic activity, glycosaminoglycan deposition, expression of collagen type II, and aggrecan in comparison to SA based cell-scaffold construct. In-vivo animal study was also performed to investigate the biocompatibility and cartilage tissue regeneration potential of the developed construct. The obtained gross analysis of knee sample, micro-computed tomography, and histological analysis suggest that implanted tissue construct possess the superior potential to regenerate hyaline cartilage defect of thickness around 1.10 ± 0.36 mm and integrate with surrounding tissue at the defect site. Thus, the proposed strategy for the development of cartilage tissue constructs might be beneficial for the repair of full-thickness knee articular cartilage defects.
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25
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Zia I, Jolly R, Mirza S, Rehman A, Shakir M. Nanocomposite Materials Developed from Nano‐hydroxyapatite Impregnated Chitosan/κ‐Carrageenan for Bone Tissue Engineering. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Zia
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Reshma Jolly
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Sumbul Mirza
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Abdur Rehman
- Department of Zoology Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Mohammad Shakir
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
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26
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Lowen GB, Vanderburgh JP, Florian D, Scott T, Sterling JAR, Guelcher SA. A Perfusion Bioreactor Model of Tumor-Induced Bone Disease Using Human Cells. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e333. [PMID: 34985830 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Advanced solid tumors often metastasize to bone. Once established in bone, these tumors can induce bone destruction resulting in decreased quality of life and increased mortality. Neither 2D in vitro models nor 3D animal models sufficiently recapitulate the human bone-tumor microenvironment needed to fully understand the complexities of bone metastasis, highlighting the need for new models. A 3D in vitro humanized model of tumor-induced bone disease was developed by dynamically culturing human osteoblast, osteoclast, and metastatic cancer cells together within tissue-engineered bone constructs. Cell-mediated resorption can be observed by micro-computed tomography and can be quantified by change in mass. Taken together, these data can be used to investigate whether the metastatic cancer cells included in the model have the potential to drive osteoclastogenesis and cell-mediated resorption in vitro. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Fabricating bone-like scaffolds Basic Protocol 2: Preparing cells for the humanized model of TIBD Basic Protocol 3: Crafting a 3D in vitro humanized model of TIBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory B Lowen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joseph P Vanderburgh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David Florian
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Taylor Scott
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Julie A Rhoades Sterling
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott A Guelcher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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27
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Chen J, Tsuchiya K, Masunaga H, Malay AD, Numata K. A silk composite fiber reinforced by telechelic-type polyalanine and its strengthening mechanism. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A telechelic-type polyalanine was doped in silkworm silk fibroins to prepare reinforced composite fibers, which exhibited 42% and 51% higher mechanical properties than silk-only fibers in terms of tensile strength and toughness, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Chen
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ali D. Malay
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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28
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Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing, or additive manufacturing, is a group of innovative technologies that are increasingly employed for the production of 3D objects in different fields, including pharmaceutics, engineering, agri-food and medicines. The most processed materials by 3D printing techniques (e.g., fused deposition modelling, FDM; selective laser sintering, SLS; stereolithography, SLA) are polymeric materials since they offer chemical resistance, are low cost and have easy processability. However, one main drawback of using these materials alone (e.g., polylactic acid, PLA) in the manufacturing process is related to the poor mechanical and tensile properties of the final product. To overcome these limitations, fillers can be added to the polymeric matrix during the manufacturing to act as reinforcing agents. These include inorganic or organic materials such as glass, carbon fibers, silicon, ceramic or metals. One emerging approach is the employment of natural polymers (polysaccharides and proteins) as reinforcing agents, which are extracted from plants or obtained from biomasses or agricultural/industrial wastes. The advantages of using these natural materials as fillers for 3D printing are related to their availability together with the possibility of producing printed specimens with a smaller environmental impact and higher biodegradability. Therefore, they represent a “green option” for 3D printing processing, and many studies have been published in the last year to evaluate their ability to improve the mechanical properties of 3D printed objects. The present review provides an overview of the recent literature regarding natural polymers as reinforcing agents for 3D printing.
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29
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Lorentz KL, Gupta P, Shehabeldin MS, Cunnane EM, Ramaswamy AK, Verdelis K, DiLeo MV, Little SR, Weinbaum JS, Sfeir CS, Mandal BB, Vorp DA. CCL2 loaded microparticles promote acute patency in silk-based vascular grafts implanted in rat aortae. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:126-138. [PMID: 34496284 PMCID: PMC8595801 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, often associated with coronary artery occlusion. A common intervention for arterial blockage utilizes a vascular graft to bypass the diseased artery and restore downstream blood flow; however, current clinical options exhibit high long-term failure rates. Our goal was to develop an off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular graft capable of delivering a biological payload based on the monocyte recruitment factor C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) to induce remodeling. Bi-layered silk scaffolds consisting of an inner porous and outer electrospun layer were fabricated using a custom blend of Antherea Assama and Bombyx Mori silk (lyogel). Lyogel silk scaffolds alone (LG), and lyogel silk scaffolds containing microparticles (LGMP) were tested. The microparticles (MPs) were loaded with either CCL2 (LGMP+) or water (LGMP-). Scaffolds were implanted as abdominal aortic interposition grafts in Lewis rats for 1 and 8 weeks. 1-week implants exhibited patency rates of 50% (7/14), 100% (10/10), and 100% (5/5) in the LGMP-, LGMP+, and LG groups, respectively. The significantly higher patency rate for the LGMP+ group compared to the LGMP- group (p = 0.0188) suggests that CCL2 can prevent acute occlusion. Immunostaining of the explants revealed a significantly higher density of macrophages (CD68+ cells) within the outer vs. inner layer of LGMP- and LGMP+ constructs but not in LG constructs. After 8 weeks, there were no significant differences in patency rates between groups. All patent scaffolds at 8 weeks showed signs of remodeling; however, stenosis was observed within the majority of explants. This study demonstrated the successful fabrication of a custom blended silk scaffold functionalized with cell-mimicking microparticles to facilitate controlled delivery of a biological payload improving their in vivo performance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study outlines the development of a custom blended silk-based tissue-engineered vascular graft (TEVG) for use in arterial bypass or replacement surgery. A custom mixture of silk was formulated to improve biocompatibility and cellular binding to the tubular scaffold. Many current approaches to TEVGs include cells that encourage graft cellularization and remodeling; however, our technology incorporates a microparticle based delivery platform capable of delivering bioactive molecules that can mimic the function of seeded cells. In this study, we load the TEVGs with microparticles containing a monocyte attractant and demonstrate improved performance in terms of unobstructed blood flow versus blank microparticles. The acellular nature of this technology potentially reduces risk, increases reproducibility, and results in a more cost-effective graft when compared to cell-based options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Lorentz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Prerak Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Mostafa S Shehabeldin
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Eoghan M Cunnane
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Dept. of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aneesh K Ramaswamy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Konstantinos Verdelis
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Morgan V DiLeo
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Steven R Little
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Justin S Weinbaum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Charles S Sfeir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India; School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.
| | - David A Vorp
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; The Clinical & Translational Sciences Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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30
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Gupta P, Mandal BB. Silk biomaterials for vascular tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:79-106. [PMID: 34384912 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular tissue engineering is a rapidly growing field of regenerative medicine, which strives to find innovative solutions for vascular reconstruction. Considering the limited success of synthetic grafts, research impetus in the field is now shifted towards finding biologically active vascular substitutes bestowing in situ growth potential. In this regard, silk biomaterials have shown remarkable potential owing to their favorable inherent biological and mechanical properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progressive development of silk-based small diameter (<6 mm) tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), emphasizing their pre-clinical implications. Herein, we first discuss the molecular structure of various mulberry and non-mulberry silkworm silk and identify their favorable properties at the onset of vascular regeneration. The emergence of various state-of-the-art fabrication methodologies for the advancement of silk TEVGs is rationally appraised in terms of their in vivo performance considering the following parameters: ease of handling, long-term patency, resistance to acute thrombosis, stenosis and aneurysm formation, immune reaction, neo-tissue formation, and overall remodeling. Finally, we provide an update on the pre-clinical status of silk-based TEVGs, followed by current challenges and future prospects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Limited availability of healthy autologous blood vessels to replace their diseased counterpart is concerning and demands other artificial substitutes. Currently available synthetic grafts are not suitable for small diameter blood vessels owing to frequent blockage. Tissue-engineered biological grafts tend to integrate well with the native tissue via remodeling and have lately witnessed remarkable success. Silk fibroin is a natural biomaterial, which has long been used as medical sutures. This review aims to identify several favorable properties of silk enabling vascular regeneration. Furthermore, various methodologies to fabricate tubular grafts are discussed and highlight their performance in animal models. An overview of our understanding to rationally improve the biological activity fostering the clinical success of silk-based grafts is finally discussed.
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31
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Gupta P, Chaudhuri GR, Janani G, Agarwala M, Ghosh D, Nandi SK, Mandal BB. Functionalized Silk Vascular Grafts with Decellularized Human Wharton's Jelly Improves Remodeling via Immunomodulation in Rabbit Jugular Vein. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100750. [PMID: 34378360 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell-free polymeric tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) have shown great promise towards clinical translation; however, their limited bioactivity and remodeling ability challenge this cause. Here, a novel cell-free bioresorbable small diameter silk TEVG system functionalized with decellularized human Wharton's jelly (dWJ) matrix is developed and successfully implanted as interposition grafts into rabbit jugular vein. Implanted TEVGs remain patent for two months and integrate with host tissue, demonstrating neo-tissue formation and constructive remodeling. Mechanistic analysis reveals that dWJ matrix is a reservoir of various immunomodulatory cytokines (Interleukin-8, 6, 10, 4 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), which aids in upregulating M2 macrophage-associated genes facilitating pro-remodeling behavior. Besides, dWJ treatment to human endothelial cells upregulates the expression of functional genes (cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin), enables faster cell migration, and elevates nitric oxide (NO) production leading to the in situ development of endothelium. The dWJ functionalized silk TEVGs support increased host cell recruitment than control, including macrophages and vascular cells. It endows superior graft remodeling in terms of a dense medial layer comprising smooth muscle cells and elevates the production of extracellular matrix proteins (collagen and elastin). Altogether, these findings suggest that dWJ functionalization imitates the usefulness of cell seeding and enables graft remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerak Gupta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Gaurab Ranjan Chaudhuri
- Department of Plastic Surgery R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital Kolkata West Bengal 700004 India
| | - G. Janani
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Manoj Agarwala
- Department of ENT and Faciomaxillary Surgery GNRC Institute of Medical Sciences Guwahati Assam 781030 India
| | - Debaki Ghosh
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences Kolkata West Bengal 700037 India
| | - Samit K. Nandi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences Kolkata West Bengal 700037 India
| | - Biman B. Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
- Centre for Nanotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
- School of Health Sciences and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
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32
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Naskar D, Sapru S, Ghosh AK, Reis RL, Dey T, Kundu SC. Nonmulberry silk proteins: multipurpose ingredient in bio-functional assembly. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34428758 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac20a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The emerging field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicines utilising artificial polymers is facing many problems. Despite having mechanical stability, non-toxicity and biodegradability, most of them lack cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. Natural polymers (such as collagen, hyaluronic acid, fibrin, fibroin, and others), including blends, are introduced to the field to solve some of the relevant issues. Another natural biopolymer: silkworm silk gained special attention primarily due to its specific biophysical, biochemical, and material properties, worldwide availability, and cost-effectiveness. Silk proteins, namely fibroin and sericin extracted from domesticated mulberry silkwormBombyx mori, are studied extensively in the last few decades for tissue engineering. Wild nonmulberry silkworm species, originated from India and other parts of the world, also produce silk proteins with variations in their nature and properties. Among the nonmulberry silkworm species,Antheraea mylitta(Indian Tropical Tasar),A. assamensis/A. assama(Indian Muga), andSamia ricini/Philosamia ricini(Indian Eri), along withA. pernyi(Chinese temperate Oak Tasar/Tussah) andA. yamamai(Japanese Oak Tasar) exhibit inherent tripeptide motifs of arginyl glycyl aspartic acid in their fibroin amino acid sequences, which support their candidacy as the potential biomaterials. Similarly, sericin isolated from such wild species delivers unique properties and is used as anti-apoptotic and growth-inducing factors in regenerative medicines. Other characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-inflammatory nature make it suitable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine based applications. A diverse range of matrices, including but not limited to nano-micro scale structures, nanofibres, thin films, hydrogels, and porous scaffolds, are prepared from the silk proteins (fibroins and sericins) for biomedical and tissue engineering research. This review aims to represent the progress made in medical and non-medical applications in the last couple of years and depict the present status of the investigations on Indian nonmulberry silk-based matrices as a particular reference due to its remarkable potentiality of regeneration of different types of tissues. It also discusses the future perspective in tissue engineering and regenerative medicines in the context of developing cutting-edge techniques such as 3D printing/bioprinting, microfluidics, organ-on-a-chip, and other electronics, optical and thermal property-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deboki Naskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.,Present address: Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Sunaina Sapru
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.,Present address: Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, IL, Israel
| | - Ananta K Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-4805-017 Barco, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Tuli Dey
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.,3Bs Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-4805-017 Barco, Guimaraes, Portugal
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33
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Wu R, Li H, Yang Y, Zheng Q, Li S, Chen Y. Bioactive Silk Fibroin-Based Hybrid Biomaterials for Musculoskeletal Engineering: Recent Progress and Perspectives. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6630-6646. [PMID: 35006966 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal engineering has been considered as a promising approach to customize regenerated tissue (such as bone, cartilage, tendon, and ligament) via a self-healing performance. Recent advances have demonstrated the great potential of bioactive materials for regenerative medicine. Silk fibroin (SF), a natural polymer, is regarded as a remarkable bioactive material for musculoskeletal engineering thanks to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunability. To improve tissue-engineering performance, silk fibroin is hybridized with other biomaterials to form silk-fibroin-based hybrid biomaterials, which achieve superior mechanical and biological performance. Herein, we summarize the recent development of silk-based hybrid biomaterials in musculoskeletal tissue with reasonable generalization and classification, mainly including silk fibroin-based inorganic and organic hybrid biomaterials. The applied inorganics are composed of calcium phosphate, graphene oxide, titanium dioxide, silica, and bioactive glass, while the polymers include polycaprolactone, collagen (or gelatin), chitosan, cellulose, and alginate. This article mainly focuses on the physical and biological performances both in vitro and in vivo study of several common silk-based hybrid biomaterials in musculoskeletal engineering. The timely summary and highlight of silk-fibroin-based hybrid biomaterials will provide a research perspective to promote the further improvement and development of silk fibroin hybrid biomaterials for improved musculoskeletal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, PR China
| | - Haotao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, PR China
| | - Yuliang Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Qiujian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Shengliang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yuanfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
- Research Department of Medical Science, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
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Wang Z, Wang H, Xiong J, Li J, Miao X, Lan X, Liu X, Wang W, Cai N, Tang Y. Fabrication and in vitro evaluation of PCL/gelatin hierarchical scaffolds based on melt electrospinning writing and solution electrospinning for bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112287. [PMID: 34474838 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
As an emerging 3D printing technique, melt electrospinning writing (MEW) has been used to fabricate scaffolds with controllable structure and good mechanical strength for bone regeneration. However, how to further improve MEW scaffolds with nanoscale extracellular matrix (ECM) mimic structure and bioactivity is still challenging. In this study, we proposed a simple composite process by combining MEW and solution electrospinning (SE) to fabricate a micro/nano hierarchical scaffold for bone tissue engineering. The morphological results confirmed the hierarchical structure with both well-defined MEW microfibrous grid structure and SE random nanofiber morphology. The addition of gelatin nanofibers turned the scaffolds to be hydrophilic, and led to a slight enhancement of mechanical strength. Compared with PCL MEW scaffolds, higher cell adhesion efficiency, improved cell proliferation and higher osteoinductive ability were achieved for the MEW/SE composite scaffolds. Finally, multilayer composite scaffolds were fabricated by alternately stacking of MEW layer and SE layer and used to assess the effect on cell ingrowth in the scaffolds. The results showed that gelatin nanofibers did not inhibit cell penetration, but promoted the three-dimensional growth of bone cells. Thus, the strategy of the combined use of MEW and SE is a potential method to fabricate micro/nano hierarchical scaffolds to improve bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipment Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipment Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junjie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipment Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaomin Miao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingzi Lan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xujie Liu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Nian Cai
- School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yadong Tang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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35
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Kim W, Choi JH, Kim P, Youn J, Song JE, Motta A, Migliaresi C, Khang G. Preparation and evaluation of gellan gum hydrogel reinforced with silk fibers with enhanced mechanical and biological properties for cartilage tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:936-947. [PMID: 34388313 DOI: 10.1002/term.3237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Various research about cartilage regeneration using biomaterials has been done recently. Particularly, gellan gum hydrogel (GG) is reported to be suitable as a biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering (TE) for its water uptaking ability, producibility, and environmental resemblance of native cartilage. Despite these advantages, mechanical and cell adhesion properties are still difficult to modulate. Reinforcement is essential to overcome these problems. Herein, GG was modified by physically blending with different lengths of silk fiber (SF). As SF is expected to improve such disadvantages of GG, mechanical and biological properties were characterized to confirm its reinforcement ability. Mechanical properties such as degradation rate, swelling rate, compression strength, and viscosity were studied and it was confirmed that SF significantly reinforces the mechanical properties of GG. Furthermore, in vitro study was carried out to confirm morphology, biocompatibility, proliferation, and chondrogenesis of chondrocytes encapsulated in the hydrogels. Overall, chondrocytes in the GG blended with SF (SF/GG) showed enhanced cell viability and growth. According to this study, SF/GG can be a promising biomaterial for cartilage TE biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooyoup Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Joo Hee Choi
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Pilyun Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Jina Youn
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Song
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Claudio Migliaresi
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea.,Department of PolymerNano Science & Technology and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
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36
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Dobaj Štiglic A, Kargl R, Beaumont M, Strauss C, Makuc D, Egger D, Plavec J, Rojas OJ, Stana Kleinschek K, Mohan T. Influence of Charge and Heat on the Mechanical Properties of Scaffolds from Ionic Complexation of Chitosan and Carboxymethyl Cellulose. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3618-3632. [PMID: 34264634 PMCID: PMC8396805 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most abundant, multifunctional biological polymers, polysaccharides are considered promising materials to prepare tissue engineering scaffolds. When properly designed, wetted porous scaffolds can have biomechanics similar to living tissue and provide suitable fluid transport, both of which are key features for in vitro and in vivo tissue growth. They can further mimic the components and function of glycosaminoglycans found in the extracellular matrix of tissues. In this study, we investigate scaffolds formed by charge complexation between anionic carboxymethyl cellulose and cationic protonated chitosan under well-controlled conditions. Freeze-drying and dehydrothermal heat treatment were then used to obtain porous materials with exceptional, unprecendent mechanical properties and dimensional long-term stability in cell growth media. We investigated how complexation conditions, charge ratio, and heat treatment significantly influence the resulting fluid uptake and biomechanics. Surprisingly, materials with high compressive strength, high elastic modulus, and significant shape recovery are obtained under certain conditions. We address this mostly to a balanced charge ratio and the formation of covalent amide bonds between the polymers without the use of additional cross-linkers. The scaffolds promoted clustered cell adhesion and showed no cytotoxic effects as assessed by cell viability assay and live/dead staining with human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. We suggest that similar scaffolds or biomaterials comprising other polysaccharides have a large potential for cartilage tissue engineering and that elucidating the reason for the observed peculiar biomechanics can stimulate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Dobaj Štiglic
- Laboratory
for Characterization and Processing of Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Rupert Kargl
- Laboratory
for Characterization and Processing of Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute
of Automation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koroska cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute
of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Christine Strauss
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Natural
Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Damjan Makuc
- Slovenian
NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dominik Egger
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Natural
Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Janez Plavec
- Slovenian
NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- EN→FIST
Center of Excellence, Trg OF 13, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, Espoo 00076, Finland
- Departments
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry, and Wood Science,
Bioproducts Institute, University of British
Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Karin Stana Kleinschek
- Institute
of Automation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koroska cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute
of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tamilselvan Mohan
- Institute
of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
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37
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Rahmani-Moghadam E, Talaei-Khozani T, Zarrin V, Vojdani Z. Thymoquinone loading into hydroxyapatite/alginate scaffolds accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Eng Online 2021; 20:76. [PMID: 34348708 PMCID: PMC8336257 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-021-00916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phytochemical agents such as thymoquinone (TQ) have osteogenic property. This study aimed to investigate the synergic impact of TQ and hydroxyapatite on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Alginate was also used as drug vehicle. Methods HA scaffolds were fabricated by casting into polyurethane foam and sintering at 800 °C, and then, 1250 °C and impregnated by TQ containing alginate. The adipose-derived stem cells were aliquoted into 4 groups: control, osteogenic induced-, TQ and osteogenic induced- and TQ-treated cultures. Adipose derived-mesenchymal stem cells were mixed with alginate and loaded into the scaffolds Results The results showed that impregnation of HA scaffold with alginate decelerated the degradation rate and reinforced the mechanical strength. TQ loading in alginate/HA had no significant influence on physical and mechanical properties. Real-time RT-PCR showed significant elevation in collagen, osteopontin, and osteocalcin expression at early phase of differentiation. TQ also led to an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity. At long term, TQ administration had no impact on calcium deposition and proliferation rate as well as bone-marker expression. Conclusion TQ accelerates the differentiation of the stem cells into the osteoblasts, without changing the physical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds. TQ also showed a synergic influence on differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Rahmani-Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hussain Square, Zand St., Shiraz, Iran.,Tissue Engineering Lab, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hussain Square, Zand St., Shiraz, Iran.,Tissue Engineering Lab, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Zarrin
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Vojdani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hussain Square, Zand St., Shiraz, Iran. .,Tissue Engineering Lab, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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38
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Priya G, Kumar UN, Madhan B, Manjubala I. Development of carboxymethylcellulose based composites for bone tissue engineering. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.20.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the development of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)–biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) composite scaffolds through the freeze-drying process for bone tissue engineering applications. Citric acid or fumaric acid was added as the cross-linker of CMC to improve the stability of composite scaffolds. The effect of change in freezing temperature (−20, −40 or −80°C) on the pore morphology, swelling ability and mechanical properties of composite scaffolds was studied. Cross-linked scaffolds showed an increased thermal degradation temperature compared with non-cross-linked scaffolds. All the composite scaffolds showed a porous structure with homogeneous blending of CMC and BCP. Cross-linked scaffolds showed appreciable swelling ability and stability in phosphate-buffered saline, while non-cross-linked scaffolds were unstable for 24 h. Cross-linked scaffolds had lower compressive strength than non-cross-linked scaffolds under dry conditions. However, in the hydrated state, only citric acid-cross-linked scaffolds were stable with improved compressive strength of 64 ± 4, 57 ± 4 and 67 ± 4 kPa when processed at −20, −40 and −80°C, respectively. Furthermore, three-dimensional culture of Saos-2 cells on citric acid-cross-linked scaffolds showed their suitability for cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, citric acid-cross-linked CMC–BCP composite scaffolds may be promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Priya
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Uttamchand Narendra Kumar
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Balaraman Madhan
- Center for Academic and Research Excellence, CSIR–Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Inderchand Manjubala
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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39
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Kochhar D, DeBari MK, Abbott RD. The Materiobiology of Silk: Exploring the Biophysical Influence of Silk Biomaterials on Directing Cellular Behaviors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:697981. [PMID: 34239865 PMCID: PMC8259510 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.697981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophysical properties of the extracellular environment dynamically regulate cellular fates. In this review, we highlight silk, an indispensable polymeric biomaterial, owing to its unique mechanical properties, bioactive component sequestration, degradability, well-defined architectures, and biocompatibility that can regulate temporospatial biochemical and biophysical responses. We explore how the materiobiology of silks, both mulberry and non-mulberry based, affect cell behaviors including cell adhesion, cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell differentiation. Keeping in mind the novel biophysical properties of silk in film, fiber, or sponge forms, coupled with facile chemical decoration, and its ability to match functional requirements for specific tissues, we survey the influence of composition, mechanical properties, topography, and 3D geometry in unlocking the body's inherent regenerative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakshi Kochhar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Megan K. DeBari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rosalyn D. Abbott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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40
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Ding Z, Cheng W, Mia MS, Lu Q. Silk Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100153. [PMID: 34117836 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Silk is a natural fibrous polymer with application potential in regenerative medicine. Increasing interest remains for silk materials in bone tissue engineering due to their characteristics in biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical properties. Plenty of the in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the advantages of silk in accelerating bone regeneration. Silk is processed into scaffolds, hydrogels, and films to facilitate different bone regenerative applications. Bioactive factors such as growth factors and drugs, and stem cells are introduced to silk-based matrices to create friendly and osteogenic microenvironments, directing cell behaviors and bone regeneration. The recent progress in silk-based bone biomaterials is discussed and focused on different fabrication and functionalization methods related to osteogenesis. The challenges and potential targets of silk bone materials are highlighted to evaluate the future development of silk-based bone materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Weinan Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, P. R. China
| | - Md Shipan Mia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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41
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Meng C, Su W, Liu M, Yao S, Ding Q, Yu K, Xiong Z, Chen K, Guo X, Bo L, Sun T. Controlled delivery of bone morphogenic protein-2-related peptide from mineralised extracellular matrix-based scaffold induces bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112182. [PMID: 34082982 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ideal bone tissue engineering scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) require excellent osteoconductive ability to imitate the bone environment. We developed a mineralised tissue-derived ECM-modified true bone ceramic (TBC) scaffold for the delivery of aspartic acid-modified bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) peptide (P28) and assessed its osteogenic capacity. Decellularized ECM from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was coated onto the surface of TBC, followed by mineralisation modification (mSIS/TBC). P28 was subsequently immobilised onto the scaffolds in the absence of a crosslinker. The alkaline phosphatase activity and other osteogenic differentiation marker results showed that osteogenesis of the P28/mSIS/TBC scaffolds was significantly greater than that of the TBC and mSIS/TBC groups. In addition, to examine the osteoconductive capability of this system in vivo, we established a rat calvarial bone defect model and evaluated the new bone area and new blood vessel density. Histological observation showed that P28/mSIS/TBC exhibited favourable bone regeneration efficacy. This study proposes the use of mSIS/TBC loaded with P28 as a promising osteogenic scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weijie Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taikang Tongji Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiuyue Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Keda Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zekang Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kaifang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lin Bo
- Department of Rheumatology, The second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tingfang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Zhang L, Zhang W, Hu Y, Fei Y, Liu H, Huang Z, Wang C, Ruan D, Heng BC, Chen W, Shen W. Systematic Review of Silk Scaffolds in Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Applications in the Recent Decade. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:817-840. [PMID: 33595274 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, various novel tissue engineering (TE) strategies have been developed to maintain, repair, and restore the biomechanical functions of the musculoskeletal system. Silk fibroins are natural polymers with numerous advantageous properties such as good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, and low degradation rate and are increasingly being recognized as a scaffolding material of choice in musculoskeletal TE applications. This current systematic review examines and summarizes the latest research on silk scaffolds in musculoskeletal TE applications within the past decade. Scientific databases searched include PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane library, and Embase. The following keywords and search terms were used: musculoskeletal, tendon, ligament, intervertebral disc, muscle, cartilage, bone, silk, and tissue engineering. Our Review was limited to articles on musculoskeletal TE, which were published in English from 2010 to September 2019. The eligibility of the articles was assessed by two reviewers according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria, after which an independent reviewer performed data extraction and a second independent reviewer validated the data obtained. A total of 1120 articles were reviewed from the databases. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 480 articles were considered as relevant for the purpose of this systematic review. Tissue engineering is an effective modality for repairing or replacing injured or damaged tissues and organs with artificial materials. This Review is intended to reveal the research status of silk-based scaffolds in the musculoskeletal system within the recent decade. In addition, a comprehensive translational research route for silk biomaterial from bench to bedside is described in this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yejun Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yang Fei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Haoyang Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Zizhan Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Canlong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Dengfeng Ruan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | | | - Weishan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Sports System Disease Research and Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Orthopaedics Research Institute, Zhejiang Univerisity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.,China Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine (CORMed), Chinese Medical Association, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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43
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Saif B, Yang P. Metal-Protein Hybrid Materials with Desired Functions and Potential Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1156-1177. [PMID: 35014472 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanohybrids are fast emerging functional nanomaterials with advanced structures, intriguing physicochemical properties, and a broad range of important applications in current nanoscience research. Significant efforts have been devoted toward design and develop versatile metal nanohybrid systems. Among numerous biological components, diverse proteins offer avenues for making advanced multifunctional systems with unusual properties, desired functions, and potential applications. This review discusses the rational design, properties, and applications of metal-protein nanohybrid materials fabricated from proteins and inorganic components. The construction of functional biomimetic nanohybrid materials is first briefly introduced. The properties and functions of these hybrid materials are then discussed. After that, an overview of promising application of biomimetic metal-protein nanohybrid materials is provided. Finally, the key challenges and outlooks related to this fascinating research area are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Saif
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P.R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P.R. China
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Chen R, Chen HB, Xue PP, Yang WG, Luo LZ, Tong MQ, Zhong B, Xu HL, Zhao YZ, Yuan JD. HA/MgO nanocrystal-based hybrid hydrogel with high mechanical strength and osteoinductive potential for bone reconstruction in diabetic rats. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1107-1122. [PMID: 33427267 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02553d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone repair and regeneration processes are markedly impaired in diabetes mellitus (DM). Intervening approaches similar to those developed for normal healing conditions have been adopted to combat DM-associated bone regeneration. However, limited outcomes were achieved for these approaches. Hence, together with osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals, osteoinductive magnesium oxide (MgO) nanocrystals were uniformly mounted into the network matrix of an organic hydrogel composed of cysteine-modified γ-polyglutamic acid (PGA-Cys) to construct a hybrid and rough hydrogel scaffold. It was hypothesized that the HA/MgO nanocrystal hybrid hydrogel (HA/MgO-H) scaffold can significantly promote bone repair in DM rats via the controlled release of Mg2+. The HA/MgO-H scaffold exhibited a sponge-like morphology with porous 3D networks inside it and displayed higher mechanical strength than a PGA-Cys scaffold. Meanwhile, the HA/MgO-H scaffold gradually formed a tough hydrogel with G' of more than 1000 Pa after hydration, and its high hydration swelling ratio was still retained. Moreover, after the chemical degradation of the dispersed MgO nanocrystals, slow release of Mg2+ from the hydrogel matrix was achieved for up to 8 weeks because of the chelation between Mg2+ and the carboxyl groups of PGA-Cys. In vitro cell studies showed that the HA/MgO-H scaffold could not only effectively promote the migration and proliferation of BMSCs but could also induce osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, in the 8th week after implanting the HA/MgO-H scaffold into femur bone defect zones of DM rats, more effective bone repair was presented by micro-CT imaging. The bone mineral density (397.22 ± 16.36 mg cm-3), trabecular thickness (0.48 ± 0.07 mm), and bone tissue volume/total tissue volume (79.37 ± 7.96%) in the HA/MgO-H group were significantly higher than those in the other groups. Moreover, higher expression of COL-I and OCN after treatment with HA/MgO-H was also displayed. The bone repair mechanism of the HA/MgO-H scaffold was highly associated with reduced infiltration of pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD80+) and higher angiogenesis (CD31+). Collectively, the HA/MgO-H scaffold without the usage of bioactive factors may be a promising biomaterial to accelerate bone defect healing under diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
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45
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Zhang H, You R, Yan K, Lu Z, Fan Q, Li X, Wang D. Silk as templates for hydroxyapatite biomineralization: A comparative study of Bombyx mori and Antheraea pernyi silkworm silks. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2842-2850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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46
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Mechanically-reinforced 3D scaffold constructed by silk nonwoven fabric and silk fibroin sponge. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Wu Z, Meng Z, Wu Q, Zeng D, Guo Z, Yao J, Bian Y, Gu Y, Cheng S, Peng L, Zhao Y. Biomimetic and osteogenic 3D silk fibroin composite scaffolds with nano MgO and mineralized hydroxyapatite for bone regeneration. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420967791. [PMID: 33294153 PMCID: PMC7705190 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420967791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial bioactive materials have received increasing attention worldwide in clinical orthopedics to repair bone defects that are caused by trauma, infections or tumors, especially dedicated to the multifunctional composite effect of materials. In this study, a weakly alkaline, biomimetic and osteogenic, three-dimensional composite scaffold (3DS) with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and nano magnesium oxide (MgO) embedded in fiber (F) of silkworm cocoon and silk fibroin (SF) is evaluated comprehensively for its bone repair potential in vivo and in vitro experiments, particularly focusing on the combined effect between HAp and MgO. Magnesium ions (Mg2+) has long been proven to promote bone tissue regeneration, and HAp is provided with osteoconductive properties. Interestingly, the weak alkaline microenvironment from MgO may also be crucial to promote Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. This SF/F/HAp/nano MgO (SFFHM) 3DS with superior biocompatibility and biodegradability has better mechanical properties, BMSCs proliferation ability, osteogenic activity and differentiation potential compared with the scaffolds adding HAp or MgO alone or neither. Similarly, corresponding meaningful results are also demonstrated in a model of distal lateral femoral defect in SD rat. Therefore, we provide a promising 3D composite scaffold for promoting bone regeneration applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziquan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhulong Meng
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianjin Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Delu Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhengdong Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jiangling Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yangyang Bian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuntao Gu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shaowen Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Lei Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Hainan Medical University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yingzheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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48
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Zia I, Jolly R, Mirza S, Umar MS, Owais M, Shakir M. Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Fortified Xanthan Gum-Chitosan Based Polyelectrolyte Complex Scaffolds for Supporting the Osteo-Friendly Environment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7133-7146. [PMID: 35019373 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-reinforced polymer-based scaffolding matrices as artificial bone-implant materials are potential suitors for bone regenerative medicine as they simulate the native bone. In the present work, a series of bioinspired, osteoconductive tricomposite scaffolds made up of nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA) embedded xanthan gum-chitosan (XAN-CHI) polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) are explored for their bone-regeneration potential. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirmed complex formation between XAN and CHI and showed strong interactions between the NHA and PEC matrix. The X-ray diffraction studies indicated regulation of the nanocomposite (NC) scaffold crystallinity by the physical cues of the PEC matrix. Further results exhibited that the XAN-CHI/NHA5 scaffold, with a 50/50 (polymer/NHA) ratio, has optimized porous structure, appropriate compressive properties, and sufficient swelling ability with slower degradation rates, which are far better than those of CHI/NHA and other XAN-CHI/NHA NC scaffolds. The simulated body fluid studies showed XAN-CHI/NHA5 generated apatite-like surface structures of a Ca/P ratio ∼1.66. Also, the in vitro cell-material interaction studies with MG-63 cells revealed that relative to the CHI/NHA NC scaffold, the cellular viability, attachment, and proliferation were better on XAN-CHI/NHA scaffold surfaces, with XAN-CHI/NHA5 specimens exhibiting an effective increment in cell spreading capacity compared to XAN-CHI/NHA4 and XAN-CHI/NHA6 specimens. The presence of an osteo-friendly environment is also indicated by enhanced alkaline phosphatase expression and protein adsorption ability. The higher expression of extracellular matrix proteins, such as osteocalcin and osteopontin, finally validated the induction of differentiation of MG-63 cells by tricomposite scaffolds. In summary, this study demonstrates that the formation of PEC between XAN and CHI and incorporation of NHA in XAN-CHI PEC developed tricomposite scaffolds with robust potential for use in bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Zia
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Reshma Jolly
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sumbul Mirza
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohd Saad Umar
- Molecular Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Shakir
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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49
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3D printing of silk microparticle reinforced polycaprolactone scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111433. [PMID: 33255027 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds have been widely investigated for tissue engineering applications, however, they exhibit poor cell adhesion and mechanical properties. Subsequently, PCL composites have been produced to improve the material properties. This study utilises a natural material, Bombyx mori silk microparticles (SMP) prepared by milling silk fibre, to produce a composite to enhance the scaffolds properties. Silk is biocompatible and biodegradable with excellent mechanical properties. However, there are no studies using SMPs as a reinforcing agent in a 3D printed thermoplastic polymer scaffold. PCL/SMP (10, 20, 30 wt%) composites were prepared by melt blending. Rheological analysis showed that SMP loading increased the shear thinning and storage modulus of the material. Scaffolds were fabricated using a screw-assisted extrusion-based additive manufacturing system. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microtomography was used to determine scaffold morphology. The scaffolds had high interconnectivity with regular printed fibres and pore morphologies within the designed parameters. Compressive mechanical testing showed that the addition of SMP significantly improved the compressive Young's modulus of the scaffolds. The scaffolds were more hydrophobic with the inclusion of SMP which was linked to a decrease in total protein adsorption. Cell behaviour was assessed using human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. A cytotoxic effect was observed at higher particle loading (30 wt%) after 7 days of culture. By day 21, 10 wt% loading showed significantly higher cell metabolic activity and proliferation, high cell viability, and cell migration throughout the scaffold. Calcium mineral deposition was observed on the scaffolds during cell culture. Large calcium mineral deposits were observed at 30 wt% and smaller calcium deposits were observed at 10 wt%. This study demonstrates that SMPs incorporated into a PCL scaffold provided effective mechanical reinforcement, improved the rate of degradation, and increased cell proliferation, demonstrating potential suitability for bone tissue engineering applications.
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50
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Huang Q, Liu Y, Ouyang Z, Feng Q. Comparing the regeneration potential between PLLA/Aragonite and PLLA/Vaterite pearl composite scaffolds in rabbit radius segmental bone defects. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:980-989. [PMID: 32671292 PMCID: PMC7334395 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mussel-derived nacre and pearl, which are natural composites composed CaCO3 platelets and interplatelet organic matrix, have recently gained interest due to their osteogenic potential. The crystal form of CaCO3 could be either aragonite or vaterite depending on the characteristics of mineralization template within pearls. So far, little attention has been paid on the different osteogenic capacities between aragonite and vaterite pearl. In the current work, aragonite or vaterite pearl powders were incorporated into poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold as bio-functional fillers for enhanced osteogenesis. In intro results revealed that PLLA/aragonite scaffold possessed stronger stimulatory effect on SaOS-2 cell proliferation and differentiation, evidenced by the enhanced cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis and gene expressions of osteogenic markers including osteocalcin, osteopotin and bone sialoprotein. The bone regeneration potential of various scaffolds was evaluated in vivo employing a rabbit critical-sized radial bone defect model. The X-ray and micro-CT results showed that significant bone regeneration and bridging were achieved in defects implanted with composite scaffolds, while less bone formation and non-bridging were found for pure PLLA group. Histological evaluation using Masson's trichrome and hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) staining indicated a typical endochondral bone formation process conducted at defect sites treated with composite scaffolds. Through three-point bending test, the limbs implanted with PLLA/aragonite scaffold were found to bear significantly higher bending load compared to other two groups. Together, it is suggested that aragonite pearl has superior osteogenic capacity over vaterite pearl and PLLA/aragonite scaffold can be employed as a potential bone graft for bone regeneration. PLLA/pearl powder composite scaffolds with interconnected pores were fabricated. PLLA/aragonite scaffold stimulated SaOS-2 cell proliferation and differentiation. PLLA/aragonite scaffold promoted bone regeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yuansheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
- Public Security College, Northwest University of Political Science and Law, Xi'an, 710122, PR China
| | - Zhengxiao Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Qingling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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