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Maghsoodi F, Martin TD, Chi EY. Partial Destabilization of Amyloid-β Protofibril by Methionine Photo-Oxidation: A Molecular Dynamic Simulation Study. ACS Omega 2023; 8:10148-10159. [PMID: 36969430 PMCID: PMC10035002 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selective photosensitized oxidation of amyloid protein aggregates is being investigated as a possible therapeutic strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Photo-oxidation has been shown to degrade amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates and ameliorate aggregate toxicity in vitro and reduce aggregate levels in the brains of AD animal models. To shed light on the mechanism by which photo-oxidation induces fibril destabilization, we carried out an all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to examine the effect of methionine (Met35) oxidation on the conformation and stability of a β-sheet-rich Aβ9-40 protofibril. Analyses of up to 1 μs simulations showed that the oxidation of the Met35 residues, which resulted in the addition of hydrophilic oxygens in the fibril core, reduced the overall conformational stability of the protofibril. Specifically, Met35 disrupted the hydrophobic interface that stabilizes the stacking of the two hexamers that comprise the protofibril. The oxidized protofibril is more solvent exposed and exhibits more backbone flexibility. However, the protofibril retained the underlying U-shaped architecture of each peptide upon oxidation, and although some loss of β-sheets occurred, a significant portion remained. Our simulation results are thus consistent with our experimental observation that photo-oxidation of Aβ40 fibril resulted in the dis-agglomeration and fragmentation of Aβ fibrils but did not cause complete disruption of the fibrillar morphology or β-sheet structures. The partial destabilization of Aβ aggregates supports the further development of photosensitized platforms for the targeting and clearing of Aβ aggregates as a therapeutic strategy for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Maghsoodi
- Nanoscience
and Microsystems Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Tye D. Martin
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Eva Y. Chi
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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2
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Monge FA, Fanni AM, Donabedian PL, Hulse J, Maphis NM, Jiang S, Donaldson TN, Clark BJ, Whitten DG, Bhaskar K, Chi EY. Selective In Vitro and Ex Vivo Staining of Brain Neurofibrillary Tangles and Amyloid Plaques by Novel Ethylene Ethynylene-Based Optical Sensors. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:151. [PMID: 36831917 PMCID: PMC9953543 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of protein aggregates as biomarkers for neurodegeneration is an area of interest for disease diagnosis and treatment development. In this work, we present novel super luminescent conjugated polyelectrolyte molecules as ex vivo sensors for tau-paired helical filaments (PHFs) and amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. We evaluated the use of two oligo-p-phenylene ethynylenes (OPEs), anionic OPE12- and cationic OPE24+, as stains for fibrillar protein pathology in brain sections of transgenic mouse (rTg4510) and rat (TgF344-AD) models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) tauopathy, and post-mortem brain sections from human frontotemporal dementia (FTD). OPE12- displayed selectivity for PHFs in fluorimetry assays and strong staining of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in mouse and human brain tissue sections, while OPE24+ stained both NFTs and Aβ plaques. Both OPEs stained the brain sections with limited background or non-specific staining. This novel family of sensors outperformed the gold-standard dye Thioflavin T in sensing capacities and co-stained with conventional phosphorylated tau (AT180) and Aβ (4G8) antibodies. As the OPEs readily bind protein amyloids in vitro and ex vivo, they are selective and rapid tools for identifying proteopathic inclusions relevant to AD. Such OPEs can be useful in understanding pathogenesis and in creating in vivo diagnostically relevant detection tools for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia A. Monge
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Adeline M. Fanni
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Patrick L. Donabedian
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Jonathan Hulse
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Nicole M. Maphis
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Shanya Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Sartorius, Bohemia, NY 11716, USA
| | - Tia N. Donaldson
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - David G. Whitten
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Kiran Bhaskar
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Eva Y. Chi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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3
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Fanni AM, Okoye D, Monge FA, Hammond J, Maghsoodi F, Martin TD, Brinkley G, Phipps ML, Evans DG, Martinez JS, Whitten DG, Chi EY. Controlled and Selective Photo-oxidation of Amyloid-β Fibrils by Oligomeric p-Phenylene Ethynylenes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:14871-14886. [PMID: 35344326 PMCID: PMC10452927 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been explored as a therapeutic strategy to clear toxic amyloid aggregates involved in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. A major limitation of PDT is off-target oxidation, which can be lethal for the surrounding cells. We have shown that a novel class of oligo-p-phenylene ethynylenes (OPEs) exhibit selective binding and fluorescence turn-on in the presence of prefibrillar and fibrillar aggregates of disease-relevant proteins such as amyloid-β (Aβ) and α-synuclein. Concomitant with fluorescence turn-on, OPE also photosensitizes singlet oxygen under illumination through the generation of a triplet state, pointing to the potential application of OPEs as photosensitizers in PDT. Herein, we investigated the photosensitizing activity of an anionic OPE for the photo-oxidation of Aβ fibrils and compared its efficacy to the well-known but nonselective photosensitizer methylene blue (MB). Our results show that, while MB photo-oxidized both monomeric and fibrillar conformers of Aβ40, OPE oxidized only Aβ40 fibrils, targeting two histidine residues on the fibril surface and a methionine residue located in the fibril core. Oxidized fibrils were shorter and more dispersed but retained the characteristic β-sheet rich fibrillar structure and the ability to seed further fibril growth. Importantly, the oxidized fibrils displayed low toxicity. We have thus discovered a class of novel theranostics for the simultaneous detection and oxidization of amyloid aggregates. Importantly, the selectivity of OPE's photosensitizing activity overcomes the limitation of off-target oxidation of traditional photosensitizers and represents an advancement of PDT as a viable strategy to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline M. Fanni
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 87131
| | - Daniel Okoye
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Florencia A. Monge
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 87131
| | - Julia Hammond
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 87131
- Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN 47803
| | - Fahimeh Maghsoodi
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Tye D. Martin
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 87131
| | - Gabriella Brinkley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 87131
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812
| | - M. Lisa Phipps
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545
| | - Deborah G. Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, NM 87131
| | - Jennifer S. Martinez
- Center for Materials Interfaces in Research and Applications, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
| | - David G. Whitten
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 87131
| | - Eva Y. Chi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 87131
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4
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Wang Y, Mei D, Zhang X, Qu DH, Mei J. Visualizing Aβ deposits in live young AD model mice with a simple red/near-infrared-fluorescent AIEgen. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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5
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Gangemi CMA, Barattucci A, Bonaccorsi PM. A Portrait of the OPE as a Biological Agent. Molecules 2021; 26:3088. [PMID: 34064279 PMCID: PMC8196911 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligophenylene ethynylenes, known as OPEs, are a sequence of aromatic rings linked by triple bonds, the properties of which can be modulated by varying the length of the rigid main chain or/and the nature and position of the substituents on the aromatic units. They are luminescent molecules with high quantum yields and can be designed to enter a cell and act as antimicrobial and antiviral compounds, as biocompatible fluorescent probes directed towards target organelles in living cells, as labelling agents, as selective sensors for the detection of fibrillar and prefibrillar amyloid in the proteic field and in a fluorescence turn-on system for the detection of saccharides, as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (due to their capacity to highly induce toxicity after light activation), and as drug delivery systems. The antibacterial properties of OPEs have been the most studied against very popular and resistant pathogens, and in this paper the achievements of these studies are reviewed, together with almost all the other roles held by such oligomers. In the recent decade, their antifungal and antiviral effects have attracted the attention of researchers who believe OPEs to be possible biocides of the future. The review describes, for instance, the preliminary results obtained with OPEs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Barattucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali (ChiBioFarAm), Università degli Studi di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (C.M.A.G.); (P.M.B.)
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6
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Wang J, Yang X, Zhao P, Deng H, Zhuo LG, Wang G, Yang Y, Wei H, Zhou Z, Liao W. Investigating Antibacterial Efficiency and Mechanism of Oligo-thiophenes under White Light and Specific Biocidal Activity against E. coli in Dark. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:3561-3570. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Yang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian-Gang Zhuo
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanquan Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuchuan Yang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu, Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, Sichuan 215123, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Wei
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu, Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, Sichuan 215123, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu, Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, Sichuan 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liao
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64 Mianshan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Zhang L, Gong X, Tian C, Fu H, Tan H, Dai J, Cui M. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes with Rotatable Polyacetylene Chains for the Detection of Amyloid-β Plaques. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:497-506. [PMID: 33415984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The plaques of accumulated β-amyloid (Aβ) in the parenchymal brain are accepted as an important biomarker for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many near-infrared (NIR) probes, which were based on the D-π-A structure and bridged by conjugated double bonds, had been reported and displayed a high affinity to Aβ plaques. Considering the isomerization caused by the polyethylene chain, however, the conjugated polyacetylene chain is a better choice for developing new NIR Aβ probes. Hence, in this report, a new series of NIR probes with naphthyl or phenyl rings and different numbers of conjugated triple bonds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as NIR probes for Aβ plaques. Upon interaction with Aβ aggregates, these probes displayed a significant increase in fluorescence intensity (45- to 360-fold) and a high to moderate affinity (6.05-56.62 nM). Among them, probe 22b displayed excellent fluorescent properties with a 183-fold increase in fluorescence intensity and an emission maximum at 650 nm after incubated with Aβ aggregates. Furthermore, 22b had a high affinity to Aβ aggregates (Kd = 12.96 nM) and could efficiently detect the Aβ plaques in brain sections from both transgenic mice and AD patients in vitro. In summary, this work may lead to a new direction in the development of novel NIR probes for the detection of Aβ plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hualong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiapei Dai
- Wuhan Institute for Neuroscience and Neuroengineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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8
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Monge F, Jagadesan P, Bondu V, Donabedian PL, Ista L, Chi EY, Schanze KS, Whitten DG, Kell AM. Highly Effective Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by Conjugated Polymers and Oligomers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:55688-55695. [PMID: 33267577 PMCID: PMC7724758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the inactivation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by synthetic conjugated polymers and oligomers developed in our laboratories as antimicrobials for bacteria, fungi, and nonenveloped viruses. The results show highly effective light-induced inactivation with several of these oligomers and polymers including irradiation with near-UV and visible light. In the best case, one oligomer induced a 5-log reduction in pfu/mL within 10 min. In general, the oligomers are more active than the polymers; however, the polymers are active with longer wavelength visible irradiation. Although not studied quantitatively, the results show that in the presence of the agents at concentrations similar to those used in the light studies, there is essentially no dark inactivation of the virus. Because three of the five materials/compounds examined are quaternary ammonium derivatives, this study indicates that conventional quaternary ammonium antimicrobials may not be active against SARS-CoV-2. Our results suggest several applications involving the incorporation of these materials in wipes, sprays, masks, and clothing and other personal protection equipment that can be useful in preventing infections and the spreading of this deadly virus and future outbreaks from similar viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia
A. Monge
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
- Biomedical
Engineering Graduate Program, University
of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
| | - Pradeepkumar Jagadesan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at San
Antonio, San Antonio 78249-1644, Texas, United States
| | - Virginie Bondu
- Department
of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
| | - Patrick L. Donabedian
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
- Nanoscience
and Microsystems Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
| | - Linnea Ista
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
| | - Eva Y. Chi
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
| | - Kirk S. Schanze
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at San
Antonio, San Antonio 78249-1644, Texas, United States
| | - David G. Whitten
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University
of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
| | - Alison M. Kell
- Department
of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque 87131-0001, New Mexico, United States
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Martin TD, Brinkley G, Whitten DG, Chi EY, Evans DG. Computational Investigation of the Binding Dynamics of Oligo p-Phenylene Ethynylene Fluorescence Sensors and Aβ Oligomers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3761-3771. [PMID: 33141569 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid protein aggregates are pathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases and are believed to be formed well before the onset of neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. Monitoring the course of protein aggregation is thus vital to understanding and combating these diseases. We have recently demonstrated that a novel class of fluorescence sensors, oligomeric p-phenylene ethynylene (PE)-based electrolytes (OPEs) selectively bind to and detect prefibrillar and fibrillar aggregates of AD-related amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides over monomeric Aβ. In this study, we investigated the binding between two OPEs, anionic OPE12- and cationic OPE24+, and to two different β-sheet rich Aβ oligomers using classical all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulations have revealed a number of OPE binding sites on Aβ oligomer surfaces, and these sites feature hydrophobic amino acids as well as oppositely charged amino acids. Binding energy calculations show energetically favorable interactions between both anionic and cationic OPEs with Aβ oligomers. Moreover, OPEs bind as complexes as well as single molecules. Compared to free OPEs, Aβ protofibril bound OPEs show backbone planarization with restricted rotations and reduced hydration of the ethyl ester end groups. These characteristics, along with OPE complexation, align with known mechanisms of binding induced OPE fluorescence turn-on and spectral shifts from a quenched, unbound state in aqueous solutions. This study thus sheds light on the molecular-level details of OPE-Aβ protofibril interactions and provides a structural basis for fluorescence turn-on sensing modes of OPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tye D. Martin
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
| | - Gabriella Brinkley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth 55812, Minnesota, United States
| | - David G. Whitten
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
| | - Eva Y. Chi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
| | - Deborah G. Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, New Mexico, United States
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10
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Schanze KS, Whitten DG, Kell AM, Chi EY, Ista LK, Monge FA, Jagadesan P, Bondu V, Donabedian PL. Highly Effective Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by Conjugated Polymers and Oligomers. medRxiv 2020:2020.09.29.20204164. [PMID: 33052358 PMCID: PMC7553178 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.29.20204164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current Covid-19 Pandemic caused by the highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 virus has proven extremely difficult to prevent or control. Currently there are few treatment options and very few long-lasting disinfectants available to prevent the spread. While masks and protective clothing and social distancing may offer some protection, their use has not always halted or slowed the spread. Several vaccines are currently undergoing testing; however there is still a critical need to provide new methods for inactivating the virus before it can spread and infect humans. In the present study we examined the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by synthetic conjugated polymers and oligomers developed in our laboratories as antimicrobials for bacteria, fungi and non-enveloped viruses. Our results show that we can obtain highly effective light induced inactivation with several of these oligomers and polymers including irradiation with near-UV and visible light. With both the oligomers and polymers, we can reach several logs of inactivation with relatively short irradiation times. Our results suggest several applications involving the incorporation of these materials in wipes, sprays, masks and clothing and other Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) that can be useful in preventing infections and the spreading of this deadly virus and future outbreaks from similar viruses.
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11
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Krywko-cendrowska A, Szweda D, Szweda R. Well-Defined Conjugated Macromolecules Based on Oligo(Arylene Ethynylene)s in Sensing. Processes (Basel) 2020; 8:539. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macromolecules with well-defined structures in terms of molar mass and monomer sequence became interesting building blocks for modern materials. The precision of the macromolecular structure makes fine-tuning of the properties of resulting materials possible. Conjugated macromolecules exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties that make them exceptional candidates for sensor construction. The importance of chain length and monomer sequence is particularly important in conjugated systems. The oligomer length, monomer sequence, and structural modification often influence the energy bang gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the molecules that reflect in their properties. Moreover, the supramolecular aggregation that is often observed in oligo-conjugated systems is usually strongly affected by even minor structural changes that are used for sensor designs. This review discusses the examples of well-defined conjugated macromolecules based on oligo(arylene ethynylene) skeleton used for sensor applications. Here, exclusively examples of uniform macromolecules are summarized. The sensing mechanisms and importance of uniformity of structure are deliberated.
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Law ASY, Lee LCC, Yeung MCL, Lo KKW, Yam VWW. Amyloid Protein-Induced Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Water-Soluble Platinum(II) Complexes: A Luminescence Assay for Amyloid Fibrillation Detection and Inhibitor Screening. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18570-18577. [PMID: 31709796 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrillation has been acknowledged as a hallmark of a number of neurodegenerative ailments such as Alzheimer's disease. Accordingly, efficient detection of amyloid fibrillation will allow for great advances in the field of biomedical applications as well as in achieving early medical diagnosis. In this work, a luminescence assay for the sensitive and specific detection of amyloid fibrillation was developed by using platinum(II) complexes as sensing platforms. Supramolecular self-assembly of platinum(II) complexes was induced upon addition of amyloid, leading to alterations in the spectroscopic and luminescence properties of the complexes. As compared to fluorescent dyes, luminescent platinum(II) complexes exhibit attractive large Stokes shifts, phosphorescence lifetimes in the microsecond to submicrosecond regime, and low-energy red emission after aggregation, which are advantageous to biological imaging. At the same time, the platinum(II) complex adopted herein was found to have high photostability, high selectivity and specificity, and low cytotoxicity. The proposed design is the very first approach to detect amyloid fibrillation through the supramolecular self-assembly of luminescent platinum(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sin-Yee Law
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , People's Republic of China
| | - Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong , People's Republic of China
| | - Margaret Ching-Lam Yeung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , People's Republic of China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong , People's Republic of China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , People's Republic of China
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13
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Wang B, Queenan BN, Wang S, Nilsson KPR, Bazan GC. Precisely Defined Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes for Biosensing and Therapeutics. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1806701. [PMID: 30698856 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) are a relatively new class of synthetic organic molecules with, as of yet, untapped potential for use in organic optoelectronic devices and bioelectronic systems. COEs also offer a novel molecular approach to biosensing, bioimaging, and disease therapy. Substantial progress has been made in the past decade at the intersection of chemistry, materials science, and the biological sciences developing COEs and their polymer analogues, namely, conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs), into synthetic systems with biological and biomedical utility. CPEs have traditionally attracted more attention in arenas of sensing, imaging, and therapy. However, the precisely defined molecular structures and interactions of COEs offer potential key advantages over CPEs, including higher reliability and fluorescence quantum efficiency, larger diversity of subcellular targeting strategies, and improved selectivity to biomolecules. Here, the unique-and sometimes overlooked-properties of COEs are discussed and the noticeable progress in their use for biological sensing, imaging, and therapy is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Bridget N Queenan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - K Peter R Nilsson
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE, -581 83, Sweden
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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14
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Fanni AM, Monge FA, Lin CY, Thapa A, Bhaskar K, Whitten DG, Chi EY. High Selectivity and Sensitivity of Oligomeric p-Phenylene Ethynylenes for Detecting Fibrillar and Prefibrillar Amyloid Protein Aggregates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1813-1825. [PMID: 30657326 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of amyloid proteins into fibrillar aggregates is a central pathogenic event in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD). Currently, there is a lack of reliable sensors for detecting the range of protein aggregates involved in disease etiology, particularly the prefibrillar aggregate conformations that are more neurotoxic. In this study, the fluorescent sensing of two novel oligomeric p-phenylene ethynylenes (OPEs), anionic OPE1- and cationic OPE2+, for detecting prefibrillar and fibrillar aggregates of AD-associated amyloid-β (Aβ40 and Aβ42) and PD-associated α-synuclein proteins (wildtype, and single mutants A30P, E35K, and A53T) over their monomeric counterparts, were tested. Furthermore, the performance of OPEs was evaluated and compared to thioflavin T (ThT), the most widely used fibril dye. Our results show that OPE1- and OPE2+ exhibited aggregate-specific binding inducing large fluorescence turn-on and spectral shifts based on a combination of backbone planarization, hydrophobic unquenching, and superluminescent OPE complex formation sensing modes. OPEs exhibited higher selectivity, higher binding affinity, and comparable limits of detection for Aβ40 fibrils compared to ThT. OPE2+ exhibited the largest fluorescence turn-on and highest sensitivity. Significantly, OPEs detected prefibrillar aggregates of Aβ42 and α-synuclein that ThT failed to detect. The superior sensing performance, the nonprotein specific detection, and the ability to selectively detect fibrillar and prefibrillar amyloid protein aggregates point to the potential of OPEs to overcome the limitations of existing probes and promise significant advancement in the detection of the myriad of protein aggregates involved in the early stages of AD and PD.
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15
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Whitten DG, Tang Y, Zhou Z, Yang J, Wang Y, Hill EH, Pappas HC, Donabedian PL, Chi EY. A Retrospective: 10 Years of Oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) Electrolytes: Demystifying Nanomaterials. Langmuir 2019; 35:307-325. [PMID: 30056722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this retrospective, we first reviewed the synthesis of the oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) electrolytes (OPEs) we created in the past 10 years. Since the general antimicrobial activity of these OPEs had been reported in our previous account in Langmuir, we are focusing only on the unusual spectroscopic and photophysical properties of these OPEs and their complexes with anionic scaffolds and detergents in this Feature Article. We applied classical all-atom MD simulations to study the hydrogen bonding environment in the water surrounding the OPEs with and without detergents present. Our finding is that OPEs could form a unit cluster or unit aggregate with a few oppositely charged detergent molecules, indicating that the photostability and photoreactivity of these OPEs might be considerably altered with important consequences to their activity as antimicrobials and fluorescence-based sensors. Thus, in the following sections, we showed that OPE complexes with detergents exhibit enhanced light-activated biocidal activity compared to either OPE or detergent individually. We also found that similar complexes between certain OPEs and biolipids could be used to construct sensors for the enzyme activity. Finally, the OPEs could covalently bind to microsphere surfaces to make a bactericidal surface, which is simpler and more ordered than the surface grafted from microspheres with polyelectrolytes. In the Conclusions and Prospects section, we briefly summarize the properties of OPEs developed so far and future areas for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Whitten
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Yanli Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Jianzhong Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Eric H Hill
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Harry C Pappas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Patrick L Donabedian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Eva Y Chi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
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16
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Wang X, Jiang X, Zhu S, Liu L, Xia J, Li L. Preparation of optical functional composite films and their application in protein detection. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Donabedian P, Evanoff M, Monge FA, Whitten DG, Chi EY. Substituent, Charge, and Size Effects on the Fluorogenic Performance of Amyloid Ligands: A Small-Library Screening Study. ACS Omega 2017; 2:3192-3200. [PMID: 30023689 PMCID: PMC6044928 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Developing new molecular ligands for the direct detection and tracking of amyloid protein aggregates is key to understanding and defeating myriad neurodegenerative and other disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. A crucial factor in the performance of an amyloid dye is its ability to detect the amyloid structural motif independent of the sequence of the amyloid-forming protomer. The current study investigates structure-function relationships of a class of novel phenyleneethynylene (PPE)-based dyes and fluorescent polymers using amyloid fibrils formed by two model proteins: lysozyme and insulin. A small library of 18 PPE compounds that vary in molecular weights, charge densities, water solubilities, and types and geometries of functional groups was tested. One compound, the small anionic oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) electrolyte OPE1, was identified as a selective sensor for the amyloid conformation of both lysozyme and insulin. On the basis of protein binding and photophysical changes observed in the dye from this set of PPE compounds, keys to the selective detection of the amyloid protein conformation include moderate size, negative charge, and substituents that provide high microenvironment sensitivity to the fluorescence yield. These principles can serve as a guide for the further refinement of the effective amyloid-sensing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick
L. Donabedian
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate
Program, Center for Biomedical
Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, and Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1141, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Mallory Evanoff
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Florencia A. Monge
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate
Program, Center for Biomedical
Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, and Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1141, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - David G. Whitten
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate
Program, Center for Biomedical
Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, and Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1141, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Eva Y. Chi
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate
Program, Center for Biomedical
Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, and Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1141, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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18
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Donabedian PL, Creyer MN, Monge FA, Schanze KS, Chi EY, Whitten DG. Detergent-induced self-assembly and controllable photosensitizer activity of diester phenylene ethynylenes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:7278-7282. [PMID: 28642346 PMCID: PMC5514733 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1702513114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy, in which malignant tissue is killed by targeted light exposure following administration of a photosensitizer, can be a valuable treatment modality but currently relies on passive transport and local irradiation to avoid off-target oxidation. We present a system of excited-state control for truly local delivery of singlet oxygen. An anionic phenylene ethynylene oligomer is initially quenched by water, producing minimal fluorescence and no measurable singlet oxygen generation. When presented with a binding partner, in this case an oppositely charged surfactant, changes in solvent microenvironment result in fluorescence unquenching, restoration of intersystem crossing to the triplet state, and singlet oxygen generation, as assayed by transient absorption spectroscopy and chemical trapping. This solvation-controlled photosensitizer model has possible applications as a theranostic agent for, for example, amyloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Donabedian
- Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Matthew N Creyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Florencia A Monge
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Kirk S Schanze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Eva Y Chi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - David G Whitten
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131;
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
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19
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Milczarek J, Pawlowska R, Zurawinski R, Lukasik B, Garner LE, Chworos A. Fluorescence and confocal imaging of mammalian cells using conjugated oligoelectrolytes with phenylenevinylene core. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2017; 170:40-48. [PMID: 28388462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Milczarek
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Roza Pawlowska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Zurawinski
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Lukasik
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Logan E Garner
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Arkadiusz Chworos
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
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Mota González ML, Carrillo Castillo A, Ambrosio Lázaro RC, Flores Méndez J, Moreno M, Luque PA, Navarro D. Synthesis and Study of Chemical, Thermal, Mesomorphic, and Optical Properties of Terphenyls Modified with Nitrile Groups. J CHEM-NY 2017; 2017:1-9. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/8275489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis, characterization, and the thermotropic and photoluminescence properties of dialkoxyterphenyls with (T12-CN and T12-2CN) and without (T12) nitrile groups. These terphenyls were prepared through the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction using a palladium-based catalyst. The products obtained were analyzed as powders or after being drop-casted or spin-coated on glass. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques confirmed the structure and purity of the synthesized terphenyls. The mesomorphic behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). T12 developed various mesophases, whereas T12-CN and T12-2CN displayed one single mesophase of low order over a wide temperature range. The films topology was studied by AFM and the optical properties were determined by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and spectrofluorometry. Higher roughness was found for the films prepared with the asymmetric terphenyl (T12-CN). The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum obtained for the asymmetric terphenyl (T12-CN) exhibited the expected characteristics with an emission band centered at 381 nm and an overtone around 760 nm.
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21
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Martin TD, Hill EH, Whitten DG, Chi EY, Evans DG. Oligomeric Conjugated Polyelectrolytes Display Site-Preferential Binding to an MS2 Viral Capsid. Langmuir 2016; 32:12542-12551. [PMID: 27464311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Opportunistic bacteria and viruses are a worldwide health threat prompting the need to develop new targeting modalities. A class of novel synthetic poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE)-based oligomeric conjugated polyelectrolytes (OPEs) have demonstrated potent wide-spectrum biocidal activity. A subset of cationic OPEs display high antiviral activity against the MS2 bacteriophage. The oligomers have been found to inactivate the bacteriophage and perturb the morphology of the MS2 viral capsid. However, details of the initial binding and interactions between the OPEs and the viruses are not well understood. In this study, we use a multiscale computational approach, including random sampling, molecular dynamics, and electronic structure calculations, to gain an understanding of the molecular-level interactions of a series of OPEs that vary in length, charge, and functional groups with the MS2 capsid. Our results show that OPEs strongly bind to the MS2 capsid protein assembly with binding energies of up to -30 kcal/mol. Free-energy analysis shows that the binding is dominated by strong van der Waals interactions between the hydrophobic OPE backbone and the capsid surface and strong electrostatic free energy contributions between the OPE charged moieties and charged residues on the capsid surface. This knowledge provides molecular-level insight into how to tailor the OPEs to optimize viral capsid disruption and increase OPE efficacy to target amphiphilic protein coats of icosahedral-based viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tye D Martin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, ‡The Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Program, and §Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Eric H Hill
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, ‡The Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Program, and §Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - David G Whitten
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, ‡The Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Program, and §Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Eva Y Chi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, ‡The Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Program, and §Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Deborah G Evans
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and the Center for Biomedical Engineering, ‡The Nanoscience and Microsystems Engineering Program, and §Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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22
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23
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Pappas HC, Sylejmani R, Graus MS, Donabedian PL, Whitten DG, Neumann AK. Antifungal Properties of Cationic Phenylene Ethynylenes and Their Impact on β-Glucan Exposure. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:4519-29. [PMID: 27161628 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00317-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida species are the cause of many bloodstream infections through contamination of indwelling medical devices. These infections account for a 40% mortality rate, posing a significant risk to immunocompromised patients. Traditional treatments against Candida infections include amphotericin B and various azole treatments. Unfortunately, these treatments are associated with high toxicity, and resistant strains have become more prevalent. As a new frontier, light-activated phenylene ethynylenes have shown promising biocidal activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacterial pathogens, as well as the environmental yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae In this study, we monitored the viability of Candida species after treatment with a cationic conjugated polymer [poly(p-phenylene ethynylene); PPE] or oligomer ["end-only" oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene); EO-OPE] by flow cytometry in order to explore the antifungal properties of these compounds. The oligomer was found to disrupt Candida albicans yeast membrane integrity independent of light activation, while PPE is able to do so only in the presence of light, allowing for some control as to the manner in which cytotoxic effects are induced. The contrast in killing efficacy between the two compounds is likely related to their size difference and their intrinsic abilities to penetrate the fungal cell wall. Unlike EO-OPE-DABCO (where DABCO is quaternized diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane), PPE-DABCO displayed a strong propensity to associate with soluble β-glucan, which is expected to inhibit its ability to access and perturb the inner cell membrane of Candida yeast. Furthermore, treatment with PPE-DABCO unmasked Candida albicans β-glucan and increased phagocytosis by Dectin-1-expressing HEK-293 cells. In summary, cationic phenylene ethynylenes show promising biocidal activity against pathogenic Candida yeast cells while also exhibiting immunostimulatory effects.
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24
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Chowdhury SR, Agarwal M, Meher N, Muthuraj B, Iyer PK. Modulation of Amyloid Aggregates into Nontoxic Coaggregates by Hydroxyquinoline Appended Polyfluorene. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:13309-13319. [PMID: 27152771 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory modulation toward de novo protein aggregation is likely to be a vital and promising therapeutic strategy for understanding the molecular etiology of amyloid related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The building up of toxic oligomeric and fibrillar amyloid aggregates in the brain plays host to a downstream of events, causing damage to axons, dendrites, synapses, signaling, transmission, and finally cell death. Herein, we introduce a novel conjugated polymer (CP), hydroxyquinoline appended polyfluorene (PF-HQ), which has a typical "amyloid like" surface motif and exhibits inhibitory modulation effect on amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation. We delineate inhibitory effects of PF-HQ based on Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence, atomic force microscopy (AFM), circular dichroism (CD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies. The amyloid-like PF-HQ forms nano coaggregates by templating with toxic amyloid intermediates and displays improved inhibitory impacts toward Aβ fibrillation and diminishes amyloid cytotoxicity. We have developed a CP based modulation strategy for the first time, which demonstrates beneficiary amyloid-like surface motif to interact efficiently with the protein, the pendant side groups to trap the toxic amyloid intermediates as well as optical signal to acquire the mechanistic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, and §Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati, 781039 Assam, India
| | - Mahesh Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, and §Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati, 781039 Assam, India
| | - Niranjan Meher
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, and §Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati, 781039 Assam, India
| | - Balakrishnan Muthuraj
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, and §Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati, 781039 Assam, India
| | - Parameswar Krishnan Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, and §Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati, 781039 Assam, India
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