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Li J, Shen H, Guo LW. Transmembrane protein TMEM97 and epigenetic reader BAHCC1 constitute an axis that supports pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111069. [PMID: 38290642 PMCID: PMC10997414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokine production by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a key etiology in retinal degenerative diseases, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. TMEM97 is a scarcely studied transmembrane protein recently implicated in retinal degeneration. BAH domain coiled coil 1 (BAHCC1) is a newly discovered histone code reader involved in oncogenesis. A role for TMEM97 and BAHCC1 in RPE inflammation was not known. Here we found that they constitute a novel axis regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in RPE cells. Transcriptomic analysis using a TMEM97-/- ARPE19 human cell line and the validation via TMEM97 loss- and gain-of-function revealed a profound role of TMEM97 in promoting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, notably IL1β and CCL2, and unexpectedly BAHCC1 as well. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation indicated an association between the TMEM97 and BAHCC1 proteins. While TMEM97 ablation decreased and its overexpression increased NFκB (p50, p52, p65), the master transcription factor for pro-inflammatory cytokines, silencing BAHCC1 down-regulated NFκB and downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, in an RPE-damage retinal degeneration mouse model, immunofluorescence illustrated down-regulation of IL1β and CCL2 total proteins and suppression of glial activation in the retina of Tmem97-/- mice compared to Tmem97+/+ mice. Thus, TMEM97 is a novel determinant of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression acting via a previously unknown TMEM97- > BAHCC1- > NFκB cascade. SYNOPSIS: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) inflammation can lead to blindness. We identify here a previously uncharacterized cascade that underlies RPE cell production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Specifically, transmembrane protein TMEM97 positively regulates the recently discovered histone code reader BAHCC1, which in turn enhances pro-inflammatory cytokine expression via the transcription factor NFκB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Hongtao Shen
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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2
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Walby GD, Gu Q, Yang H, Martin SF. Structure-Affinity relationships of novel σ 2R/TMEM97 ligands. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107191. [PMID: 38432153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The sigma 2 receptor (σ2R), which was recently identified as the transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97), is increasingly attracting interest as a possible therapeutic target for indications in neuroscience. Toward identifying novel modulators of σ2R/TMEM97, we prepared a collection of benzoxazocine, benzomorphan, and methanobenzazepine ligands related to the known bioactive norbenzomorphans DKR-1677, FEM-1689, and EES-1686 and determined their Ki values for σ2R/TMEM97 and the sigma 1 receptor (σ1R). The σ2R/TMEM97 binding affinities and selectivities relative to σ1R of these new benzoxazocine, benzomorphan, and methanobenzazepine analogs are lower, often significantly lower, than their respective norbenzomorphan counterparts, suggesting the spatial orientation of pharmacophoric substituents is critical for binding to the two proteins. The benzoxazocine, benzomorphan, and methanobenzazepine congeners of DKR-1677 and FEM-1689 tend to be weakly selective for σ2R/TMEM97 versus σ1R, whereas EES-1686 derivatives exhibit the greatest selectivity, suggesting the size and/or nature of the substituent on the nitrogen atom of the scaffold may be important for selectivity. Computational docking studies were performed for the 1S,5R-and 1R,5S-enantiomers of DKR-1677, FEM-1689, and EES-1686 and their benzoxazocine, benzomorphan, and methanobenzazepine counterparts. These computations predict that the protonated amino group of each ligand forms a highly conserved salt bridge and a H-bonding interaction with Asp29 as well as a cation-π interaction with Tyr150 of σ2R/TMEM97. These electrostatic interactions are major driving forces for binding to σ2R/TMEM97 and are similar, though not identical, for each ligand. Other interactions within the well-defined binding pocket also tend to be comparable, but there are some major differences in how the hydrophobic aryl groups of various ligands interact with the protein surface external to the binding pocket. Overall, these studies show that the orientations of aryl and N-substituents on the norbenzomorphan and related scaffolds are important determinants of binding affinity of σ2R/TMEM97 ligands, and small changes can have significant effects upon binding profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant D Walby
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Qi Gu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Stephen F Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
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3
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Neha, Wali Z, Pinky, Hattiwale SH, Jamal A, Parvez S. GLP-1/Sigma/RAGE receptors: An evolving picture of Alzheimer's disease pathology and treatment. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102134. [PMID: 38008402 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
According to the facts and figures 2023stated that 6.7 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer's disease (AD). The scenario of AD has reached up to the maximum, of 4.1 million individuals, 2/3rd are female patients, and approximately 1 in 9 adults over the age of 65 have dementia with AD dementia. The fact that there are now no viable treatments for AD indicates that the underlying disease mechanisms are not fully understood. The progressive neurodegenerative disease, AD is characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau protein and senile plaques (SPs), which are brought on by the buildup of amyloid beta (Aβ). Numerous attempts have been made to produce compounds that interfere with these characteristics because of significant research efforts into the primary pathogenic hallmark of this disorder. Here, we summarize several research that highlights interesting therapy strategies and the neuroprotective effects of GLP-1, Sigma, and, AGE-RAGE receptors in pre-clinical and clinical AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Zitin Wali
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Pinky
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Shaheenkousar H Hattiwale
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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4
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Dashtestani P, Karami L. The molecular mechanism of the effects of the anti-neuropathic ligands on the modulation of the Sigma-2 receptor: An in-silico study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127925. [PMID: 37944735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a prevalent medical condition that lacks an effective treatment. Recently, the Sigma-2 receptor (S2R) has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for NP. Some highly-selective S2R ligands (UKH1114, CM398, and YTD) have shown promising results in vivo, but the molecular interaction between the S2R and these ligands has been scarcely investigated. This work explores changes in the S2R upon interaction with the three mentioned ligands using in silico approaches. The results indicated that the ICL1, H1, ICL2, and ECL are the most dynamic regions of S2R in all systems. Binding interaction analysis identified amino acids with significant contribution to the binding free energy. Notably, the UKH1114-S2R simulation trajectory revealed that small alterations in the ICL1, H1, ICL2, and ECL form a new stable opening in the S2R, linking the occluded S2R binding pocket to the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, providing more evidence for the assumptions about the EBP and S2R mechanism of function. Further, the agreement between the membrane parameters in our study and experimental values confirms the validity of the MD simulations. Overall, this study provides new insights into the interaction between anti-NP ligands and the S2R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Dashtestani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Karami
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Yousuf MS, Sahn JJ, Yang H, David ET, Shiers S, Mancilla Moreno M, Iketem J, Royer DM, Garcia CD, Zhang J, Hong VM, Mian SM, Ahmad A, Kolber BJ, Liebl DJ, Martin SF, Price TJ. Highly specific σ 2R/TMEM97 ligand FEM-1689 alleviates neuropathic pain and inhibits the integrated stress response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306090120. [PMID: 38117854 PMCID: PMC10756276 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306090120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The sigma 2 receptor (σ2R) was described pharmacologically more than three decades ago, but its molecular identity remained obscure until recently when it was identified as transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97). We and others have shown that σ2R/TMEM97 ligands alleviate mechanical hypersensitivity in mouse neuropathic pain models with a time course wherein maximal antinociceptive effect is approximately 24 h following dosing. We sought to understand this unique antineuropathic pain effect by addressing two key questions: do these σ2R/TMEM97 compounds act selectively via the receptor, and what is their downstream mechanism on nociceptive neurons? Using male and female conventional knockout mice for Tmem97, we find that a σ2R/TMEM97 binding compound, FEM-1689, requires the presence of the gene to produce antinociception in the spared nerve injury model in mice. Using primary mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons, we demonstrate that FEM-1689 inhibits the integrated stress response (ISR) and promotes neurite outgrowth via a σ2R/TMEM97-specific action. We extend the clinical translational value of these findings by showing that FEM-1689 reduces ISR and p-eIF2α levels in human sensory neurons and that it alleviates the pathogenic engagement of ISR by methylglyoxal. We also demonstrate that σ2R/TMEM97 is expressed in human nociceptors and satellite glial cells. These results validate σ2R/TMEM97 as a promising target for further development for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Yousuf
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
- NuvoNuro Inc., Austin, TX78712
| | - James J. Sahn
- NuvoNuro Inc., Austin, TX78712
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Eric T. David
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Stephanie Shiers
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Marisol Mancilla Moreno
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Jonathan Iketem
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Danielle M. Royer
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Chelsea D. Garcia
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Jennifer Zhang
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Veronica M. Hong
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Subhaan M. Mian
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Ayesha Ahmad
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Benedict J. Kolber
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
| | - Daniel J. Liebl
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Stephen F. Martin
- NuvoNuro Inc., Austin, TX78712
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX75080
- NuvoNuro Inc., Austin, TX78712
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6
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Mogilski S, Kubacka M, Świerczek A, Wyska E, Szczepańska K, Sapa J, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Łażewska D. Efficacy of the Multi-Target Compound E153 in Relieving Pain and Pruritus of Different Origins. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1481. [PMID: 37895952 PMCID: PMC10609854 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Itch and pain are closely related but distinct sensations that share largely overlapping mediators and receptors. We hypothesized that the novel, multi-target compound E153 has the potential to attenuate pain and pruritus of different origins. After the evaluation of sigma receptor affinity and pharmacokinetic studies, we tested the compound using different procedures and models of pain and pruritus. Additionally, we used pharmacological tools, such as PRE-084, RAMH, JNJ 5207852, and S1RA, to precisely determine the role of histamine H3 and sigma 1 receptors in the analgesic and antipruritic effects of the compound. In vitro studies revealed that the test compound had potent affinity for sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors, moderate affinity for opioid kappa receptors, and no affinity for delta or μ receptors. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that after intraperitoneal administration, the compound was present at high concentrations in both the peripheral tissues and the central nervous system. The blood-brain barrier-penetrating properties indicate its ability to act centrally at the levels of the brain and spinal cord. Furthermore, the test compound attenuated different types of pain, including acute, inflammatory, and neuropathic. It also showed a broad spectrum of antipruritic activity, attenuating histamine-dependent and histamine-independent itching. Finally, we proved that antagonism of both sigma 1 and histamine H3 receptors is involved in the analgesic activity of the compound, while the antipruritic effect to a greater extent depends on sigma 1 antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Artur Świerczek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.Ś.); (E.W.)
| | - Elżbieta Wyska
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.Ś.); (E.W.)
| | - Katarzyna Szczepańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (K.K.-K.); (D.Ł.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (K.K.-K.); (D.Ł.)
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (K.K.-K.); (D.Ł.)
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7
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Yousuf MS, Sahn JJ, Yang H, David ET, Shiers S, Moreno MM, Iketem J, Royer DM, Garcia CD, Zhang J, Hong VM, Mian SM, Ahmad A, Kolber BJ, Liebl DJ, Martin SF, Price TJ. Highly specific σ 2R/TMEM97 ligand alleviates neuropathic pain and inhibits the integrated stress response. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.11.536439. [PMID: 37090527 PMCID: PMC10120691 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.11.536439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The Sigma 2 receptor (σ2R) was described pharmacologically more than three decades ago, but its molecular identity remained obscure until recently when it was identified as transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97). We and others have shown that σ2R/TMEM97 ligands alleviate mechanical hypersensitivity in mouse neuropathic pain models with a time course wherein maximal anti-nociceptive effect is approximately 24 hours following dosing. We sought to understand this unique anti-neuropathic pain effect by addressing two key questions: do these σ2R/TMEM97 compounds act selectively via the receptor, and what is their downstream mechanism on nociceptive neurons? Using male and female conventional knockout (KO) mice for Tmem97, we find that a new σ2R/TMEM97 binding compound, FEM-1689, requires the presence of the gene to produce anti-nociception in the spared nerve injury model in mice. Using primary mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, we demonstrate that FEM-1689 inhibits the integrated stress response (ISR) and promotes neurite outgrowth via a σ2R/TMEM97-specific action. We extend the clinical translational value of these findings by showing that FEM-1689 reduces ISR and p-eIF2α levels in human sensory neurons and that it alleviates the pathogenic engagement of ISR by methylglyoxal. We also demonstrate that σ2R/TMEM97 is expressed in human nociceptors and satellite glial cells. These results validate σ2R/TMEM97 as a promising target for further development for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Yousuf
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
- NuvoNuro, Austin, TX 78712
| | - James J. Sahn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
- NuvoNuro, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Eric T. David
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Stephanie Shiers
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Marisol Mancilla Moreno
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Jonathan Iketem
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Danielle M. Royer
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Chelsea D. Garcia
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Jennifer Zhang
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Veronica M. Hong
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Subhaan M. Mian
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Ayesha Ahmad
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Benedict J. Kolber
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | | | - Stephen F. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
- NuvoNuro, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies and Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
- NuvoNuro, Austin, TX 78712
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Wang T, Wang J, Chen L, Zhang X, Mou T, An X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Deuther-Conrad W, Huang Y, Jia H. Development of a Highly Specific 18F-Labeled Radioligand for Imaging of the Sigma-2 Receptor in Brain Tumors. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12840-12857. [PMID: 37704582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Novel ligands with the 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline or 5,6-dimethoxyisoindoline pharmacophore were designed and synthesized for evaluation of their structure-activity relationship to the sigma-2 (σ2) receptor and developed as suitable PET radioligands. Compound 1 was found to possess nanomolar affinity (Ki(σ1) = 2.57 nM) for the σ2 receptor, high subtype selectivity (>2000-fold), and high selectivity over 40 other receptors and transporters. Radioligand [18F]1 was prepared with radiochemical yield of 37-54%, > 99% radiochemical purity, and molar activity of 107-189 GBq/μmol. Biodistribution and blocking studies in mice and micro-PET/CT imaging of [18F]1 in rats indicated excellent binding specificity to the σ2 receptors in vivo. Micro-PET/CT imaging of [18F]1 in the U87MG glioma xenograft model demonstrated clear tumor visualization with high tumor uptake and tumor-to-background ratio. Co-injection with CM398 (5 μmol/kg) led to a remarkable reduction of tumor uptake (80%, 60-70 min), indicating high specific binding of [18F]1 in U87MG glioma xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jingqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Leyuan Chen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Tiantian Mou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaodan An
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8048, United States
| | - Hongmei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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9
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Christmann U, Díaz JL, Pascual R, Bordas M, Álvarez I, Monroy X, Porras M, Yeste S, Reinoso RF, Merlos M, Vela JM, Almansa C. Discovery of WLB-89462, a New Drug-like and Highly Selective σ 2 Receptor Ligand with Neuroprotective Properties. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12499-12519. [PMID: 37607512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and pharmacological activity of a new series of isoxazolylpyrimidines as sigma-2 receptor (σ2R) ligands are reported. Modification of a new hit retrieved in an HTS campaign allowed the identification of the compound WLB-89462 (20c) with good σ2R affinity (Ki = 13 nM) and high selectivity vs both the σ1R (Ki = 1777 nM) and a general panel of 180 targets. It represents one of the first σ2R ligands with drug-like properties, linked to a good physicochemical and ADMET profile (good solubility, no CYP inhibition, good metabolic stability, high permeability, brain penetration, and high oral exposure in rodents). Compound 20c shows neuroprotective activity in vitro and improves short-term memory impairment induced by hippocampal injection of amyloid β peptide in rats. Together with the promising effects in the chronic models where 20c is currently being evaluated, these results pave the way toward its clinical development as a neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Christmann
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Díaz
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosalia Pascual
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magda Bordas
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Álvarez
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Monroy
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Porras
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Yeste
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel F Reinoso
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Merlos
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Miguel Vela
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Almansa
- Welab Barcelona, Parc Científic Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 4-8,08028 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Dichiara M, Ambrosio FA, Lee SM, Ruiz-Cantero MC, Lombino J, Coricello A, Costa G, Shah D, Costanzo G, Pasquinucci L, Son KN, Cosentino G, González-Cano R, Marrazzo A, Aakalu VK, Cobos EJ, Alcaro S, Amata E. Discovery of AD258 as a Sigma Receptor Ligand with Potent Antiallodynic Activity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11447-11463. [PMID: 37535861 PMCID: PMC10461227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of a series of 2,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane derivatives as potent sigma receptor (SR) ligands, associated with analgesic activity, are the focus of this work. In this study, affinities at S1R and S2R were measured, and molecular modeling studies were performed to investigate the binding pose characteristics. The most promising compounds were subjected to in vitro toxicity testing and subsequently screened for in vivo analgesic properties. Compound 9d (AD258) exhibited negligible in vitro cellular toxicity and a high binding affinity to both SRs (KiS1R = 3.5 nM, KiS2R = 2.6 nM), but not for other pain-related targets, and exerted high potency in a model of capsaicin-induced allodynia, reaching the maximum antiallodynic effect at very low doses (0.6-1.25 mg/kg). Functional activity experiments showed that S1R antagonism is needed for the effects of 9d and that it did not induce motor impairment. In addition, 9d exhibited a favorable pharmacokinetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dichiara
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università
degli Studi “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus
“S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department
of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University
of Illinois at Chicago, 1905 W Taylor St, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - M. Carmen Ruiz-Cantero
- Departamento
de Farmacología e Instituto de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universitad de Granada e Instituto de Investigación
Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Avenida de la Investigación, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jessica Lombino
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Coricello
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Salute, Università
“Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S.
Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Salute, Università
“Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S.
Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science
Academic Spin-Off, Università “Magna
Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Dhara Shah
- Department
of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University
of Illinois at Chicago, 1905 W Taylor St, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Giuliana Costanzo
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Kyung No Son
- Department
of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University
of Michigan, 1000 Wall
Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Giuseppe Cosentino
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rafael González-Cano
- Departamento
de Farmacología e Instituto de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universitad de Granada e Instituto de Investigación
Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Avenida de la Investigación, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vinay Kumar Aakalu
- Department
of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University
of Michigan, 1000 Wall
Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Enrique J. Cobos
- Departamento
de Farmacología e Instituto de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universitad de Granada e Instituto de Investigación
Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Avenida de la Investigación, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Salute, Università
“Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S.
Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science
Academic Spin-Off, Università “Magna
Græcia” di Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università
degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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11
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Wang T, Jia H. The Sigma Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease: New Potential Targets for Diagnosis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12025. [PMID: 37569401 PMCID: PMC10418732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma (σ) receptors are a class of unique proteins with two subtypes: the sigma-1 (σ1) receptor which is situated at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (MAM), and the sigma-2 (σ2) receptor, located in the ER-resident membrane. Increasing evidence indicates the involvement of both σ1 and σ2 receptors in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and thus these receptors represent two potentially effective biomarkers for emerging AD therapies. The availability of optimal radioligands for positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging of the σ1 and σ2 receptors in humans will provide tools to monitor AD progression and treatment outcomes. In this review, we first summarize the significance of both receptors in the pathophysiology of AD and highlight AD therapeutic strategies related to the σ1 and σ2 receptors. We then survey the potential PET radioligands, with an emphasis on the requirements of optimal radioligands for imaging the σ1 or σ2 receptors in humans. Finally, we discuss current challenges in the development of PET radioligands for the σ1 or σ2 receptors, and the opportunities for neuroimaging to elucidate the σ1 and σ2 receptors as novel biomarkers for early AD diagnosis, and for monitoring of disease progression and AD drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hongmei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
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12
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Lu Y, Gu Q, Martin SF. Structure-affinity relationships of stereoisomers of norbenzomorphan-derived σ 2R/TMEM97 modulators. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 257:115488. [PMID: 37247506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The sigma 2 receptor (σ2R), which is identical to transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97), is attracting increasing interest as a possible therapeutic target for various indications in neuroscience. In continuation of a program to identify novel compounds that bind with high affinity and selectivity to σ2R/TMEM97, we performed structure-affinity-relationship (SAfiR) studies of several sets of σ2R/TMEM97 ligands having a B-norbenzomorphan ring core. Binding data for σ2R/TMEM97 and σ1R of several enantiomeric pairs of piperazine-substituted norbenzomorphans show the (1S,5R)-enantiomers have affinities (Ki = 9-75 nM) for σ2R/TMEM97 that are 2-3-fold higher than their enantiomorphic (1R,5S)-analogs; however, there is no clear trend for selectivity for σ2R/TMEM97 vs σ1R. A series of N-alkyl piperazino (1S,5R)-norbenzomorphans was then evaluated, and with the exception of compounds having N-alkyl groups substituted with oxygen or amino groups at C (2) of an ethylene chain, Ki values for σ2R/TMEM97 are less than 25 nM, and several compounds have good selectivities (ca 7-16-fold) for σ2R/TMEM97 vs σ1R. Mono-substituted carbobenzyloxy analogs have Ki values for σ2R/TMEM97 comparable to the unsubstituted parent (Ki = ca 7-27 nM), but replacing the N-acyloxy group with N-acyl or N-arylsulfonyl groups provides analogs having lower affinity and selectivity. Some congeners with bioisosteric replacements of the piperazine group on the (1S,5R)-norbenzomorphan core have high affinity (Ki = <30 nM) for σ2R/TMEM97, but selectivities are modest. Computational docking studies for racemic pairs of piperazino norbenzomorphans show that individual (1S,5R)- and (1R,5S)-enantiomers adopt distinct poses upon binding to σ2R/TMEM97, whereas ligands belongingto the same enantiomeric series adopt closely similar binding poses. The protonated amino group in each of the enantiomorphic ligands engages in highly conserved salt bridges with Asp29 and cation-π interactions with Tyr150 that are the primary determinants of binding affinity. There is no correlation between any of the computational parameter outputs and Ki values, but this is unsurprising given the small energetic differences involved. Modeling also suggest sthat some compounds can extend deeper into σ2R/TMEM97 binding pocket forming salt bridges with Glu73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States
| | - Qi Gu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States
| | - Stephen F Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States.
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13
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Hough A, Criswell C, Faruk A, Cavanaugh JE, Kolber BJ, Tidgewell KJ. Barbamide Displays Affinity for Membrane-Bound Receptors and Impacts Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Mouse Sensory Neurons. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:110. [PMID: 36827151 PMCID: PMC9966578 DOI: 10.3390/md21020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria are a rich source of bio-active metabolites that have been utilized as leads for drug discovery and pharmacological tools for basic science research. Here, we describe the re-isolation of a well-known metabolite, barbamide, from Curaçao on three different occasions and the characterization of barbamide's biological interactions with targets of the mammalian nervous system. Barbamide was originally discovered as a molluscicidal agent from a filamentous marine cyanobacterium. In our hands, we found little evidence of toxicity against mammalian cell cultures. However, barbamide showed several affinities when screened for binding affinity for a panel of 45 receptors and transporters known to be involved in nociception and sensory neuron activity. We found high levels of binding affinity for the dopamine transporter, the kappa opioid receptor, and the sigma receptors (sigma-1 and sigma-2 also known as transmembrane protein 97; TMEM97). We tested barbamide in vitro in isolated sensory neurons from female mice to explore its functional impact on calcium flux in these cells. Barbamide by itself had no observable impact on calcium flux. However, barbamide enhanced the effect of the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin and enhanced store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) responses after depletion of intracellular calcium. Overall, these results demonstrate the biological potential of barbamide at sensory neurons with implications for future drug development projects surrounding this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hough
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Connor Criswell
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Asef Faruk
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Jane E. Cavanaugh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Benedict J. Kolber
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Kevin J. Tidgewell
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
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14
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Mazur G, Pańczyk-Straszak K, Rapacz A, Kiszela J, Smolik M, Gawlik M, Walczak M, Czekajewska J, Poloczek C, Karczewska E, Żesławska E, Nitek W, Niedbał A, Leśniak J, Ciapala K, Pawlik K, Mika J, Waszkielewicz AM. Promising anticonvulsant and/or analgesic compounds among 5-chloro-2- or 5-chloro-4-methyl derivatives of xanthone coupled to aminoalkanol moieties-Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:278-325. [PMID: 35713377 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A series of 10 aminoalkanol derivatives of 5-chloro-2- or 5-chloro-4-methylxanthone was synthetized and evaluated for anticonvulsant properties (MES test, mice, intraperitoneal) and compared with neurotoxicity rotarod test (NT, mice, i.p.). The best results both in terms of anticonvulsant activity and protective index value were obtained for 3: 5-chloro-2-([4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]methyl)-9H-xanthen-9-one hydrochloride. Compounds: 1-3, 7 and 10 revealed ED50 values in MES test: 42.78, 31.64, 25.76, 46.19 and 52.50 mg/kg b.w., respectively. 3 showed 70% and 72% of inhibition control specific binding of sigma-1 (σ1) and sigma-2 (σ2) receptor, respectively. 3 exhibited also antinociceptive activity at dose 2 mg/kg b.w. after chronic constriction injury in mice. 1, 3, 7 and 10 were evaluated on gastrointestinal flora and proved safe. In genotoxicity test (UMU-Chromotest) compounds 1, 7 and 10 proved safe at dose 150-300 μg/ml. The pharmacokinetic analysis showed rapid absorption of all studied molecules from the digestive tract (tmax = 5-30 min). The bioavailability of the compounds ranged from 6.6% (1) to 16% (10). All studied compounds penetrate the blood-brain barrier with brain to plasma ratios varied from 4.15 (3) to 7.6 (compound 7), after i.v. administration, and from 1 (7) to 5.72 (3) after i.g. administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mazur
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pańczyk-Straszak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Rapacz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Kiszela
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Smolik
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawlik
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Czekajewska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Celina Poloczek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karczewska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Żesławska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Nitek
- Department of Crystallochemistry and Crystallophysics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Niedbał
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Leśniak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ciapala
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pawlik
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna M Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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15
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Waszkielewicz A, Marona H, Pańczyk-Straszak K, Filipek B, Rapacz A, Sałat K, Kubacka M, Cios A, Fedak F, Walczak M, Hubicka U, Kwiecień A, Żuromska-Witek B, Szafrański PW, Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Pękala E, Przejczowska-Pomierny K, Pociecha K, Wyska E. KM-408, a novel phenoxyalkyl derivative as a potential anticonvulsant and analgesic compound for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:128-165. [PMID: 36401763 PMCID: PMC9889419 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy frequently coexists with neuropathic pain. Our approach is based on the search for active compounds with multitarget profiles beneficial in terms of potential side effects and on the implementation of screening for potential multidirectional central activity. METHODS Compounds were synthesized by means of chemical synthesis. After antiseizure and neurotoxicity screening in vivo, KM-408 and its enantiomers were chosen for analgesic activity evaluations. Further safety studies included acute toxicity in mice, the effect on normal electrocardiogram and on blood pressure in rats, whole body plethysmography in rats, and in vitro and biochemical assays. Pharmacokinetics has been studied in rats after iv and po administration. Metabolism has been studied in vivo in rat serum and urine. Radioligand binding studies were performed as part of the mechanism of action investigation. RESULTS Selected results for KM-408: Ki sigma = 7.2*10-8; Ki 5-HT1A = 8.0*10-7; ED50 MES (mice, ip) = 13.3 mg/kg; formalin test (I phase, mice, ip)-active at 30 mg/kg; SNL (rats, ip)-active at 6 mg/kg; STZ-induced pain (mice, ip)-active at 1 mg/kg (von Frey) and 10 mg/kg (hot plate); hot plate test (mice, ip)-active at 30 mg/kg; ED50 capsaicin test (mice, ip) = 18.99 mg/kg; tail immersion test (mice)-active at 0.5%; corneal anesthesia (guinea pigs)-active at 0.125%; infiltration anesthesia (guinea pigs)-active at 0.125%. CONCLUSIONS Within the presented study a novel compound, R,S-2-((2-(2-chloro-6-methylphenoxy)ethyl)amino)butan-1-ol hydrochloride (KM-408) with dual antiseizure and analgesic activity has been developed for potential use in neuropathic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pańczyk-Straszak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Rapacz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cios
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Filip Fedak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Urszula Hubicka
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Kwiecień
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Żuromska-Witek
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Przemysław W. Szafrański
- Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Przejczowska-Pomierny
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pociecha
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Wyska
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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16
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Mavlyutov TA, Li J, Liu X, Shen H, Yang H, McCurdy CR, Pattnaik B, Guo LW. Retinal Photoreceptor Protection in an AMD-Related Mouse Model by Selective Sigma-1 or Sigma-2 Receptor Modulation. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2386. [PMID: 36553653 PMCID: PMC9778362 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The structurally and genetically distinct sigma-1 receptor (S1R) and sigma-2 receptor (S2R) comprise a unique class of drug binding sites. Their alleles are associated with human diseases involving neuronal systems, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) characterized by photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy. Previous studies have suggested neuroprotective benefits for the brain and retina from pharmacological modulation of S1R and/or S2R. However, the effect of such modulation on AMD pathology remains underexplored. Here, we evaluated S1R- or S2R-selective modulation in an AMD-related model of Abca4-/-Rdh8-/- mice with a disrupted visual cycle that predisposes RPE and photoreceptors to illumination-induced damage. For S1R modulation, we used (+)-pentazocine, which is a high-affinity S1R-selective drug. For S2R modulation, we chose CM398, a high-affinity and highly S2R-selective ligand with drug-like properties. Abca4-/-Rdh8-/- mice received a single i.p. injection of (+)-pentazocine or CM398 or vehicle 30 min before illumination. Pretreatment with (+)-pentazocine improved electroretinogram a- and b-waves compared to that with vehicle. Consistently, in another AMD-related mouse model induced by tail-vein injected NaIO3, S1R genetic ablation aggravated photoreceptor loss. In Abca4-/-Rdh8-/- mice, pretreatment with CM398 appeared to partially avert illumination-induced photoreceptor loss and autofluorescent granule formation that signals RPE damage, as revealed by optical coherence tomography. Thus, this study using AMD-related models provides evidence of photoreceptor protection afforded by selective modulation of S1R or S2R.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Xinying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hongtao Shen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Christopher R. McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bikash Pattnaik
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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17
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Weng CC, Riad A, Lieberman BP, Xu K, Peng X, Mikitsh JL, Mach RH. Characterization of Sigma-2 Receptor-Specific Binding Sites Using [ 3H]DTG and [ 125I]RHM-4. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121564. [PMID: 36559015 PMCID: PMC9784403 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-2 receptor/transmembrane protein 97 (σ2R/TMRM97) is a promising biomarker of tumor proliferation and a target for cancer therapy. [3H]DTG has been used to evaluate σ2R/TMEM97 binding affinity in compound development studies. However, [3H]DTG has equal and moderate binding affinities to both sigma 1 receptor (σ1R) and σ2R/TMEM97. Furthermore, co-administration with the σ1R masking compound (+)-pentazocine may cause bias in σ2R/TMEM97 binding affinity screening experiments. We have developed a radioiodinated ligand, [125I]RHM-4, which has high affinity and selectivity for σ2R/TMEM97 versus σ1R. In this study, a head-to-head comparison between [3H]DTG and [125I]RHM-4 on the binding affinity and their effectiveness in σ2R/TMEM97 compound screening studies was performed. The goal of these studies was to determine if this radioiodinated ligand is a suitable replacement for [3H]DTG for screening new σ2R/TMEM97 compounds. Furthermore, to delineate the binding properties of [125I]RHM-4 to the σ2R/TMEM97, the structure of RHM-4 was split into two fragments. This resulted in the identification of two binding regions in the σ2R, the "DTG" binding site, which is responsible for binding to the σ2R/TMEM97, and the secondary binding site, which is responsible for high affinity and selectivity for the σ2R/TMEM97 versus the σ1R. The results of this study indicate that [125I]RHM-4 is an improved radioligand for in vitro binding studies of the σ2R/TMEM97 versus [3H]DTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chang Weng
- HARC and Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging and Translation, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aladdin Riad
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian P. Lieberman
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kuiying Xu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xin Peng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John L. Mikitsh
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert H. Mach
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-746-8233
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18
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Wang H, Peng Z, Li Y, Sahn JJ, Hodges TR, Chou TH, Liu Q, Zhou X, Jiao S, Porciatti V, Liebl DJ, Martin SF, Wen R. σ 2R/TMEM97 in retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20753. [PMID: 36456686 PMCID: PMC9715665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24537-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma 2 receptor (σ2R) was recently identified as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein known as transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97). Studies have shown that σ2R/TMEM97 binding compounds are neuroprotective, suggesting a role of σ2R/TMEM97 in neurodegenerative processes. To understand the function of σ2R/TMEM97 in neurodegeneration pathways, we characterized ischemia-induced retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration in TMEM97-/- mice and found that RGCs in TMEM97-/- mice are resistant to degeneration. In addition, intravitreal injection of a selective σ2R/TMEM97 ligand DKR-1677 significantly protects RGCs from ischemia-induced degeneration in wildtype mice. Our results provide conclusive evidence that σ2R/TMEM97 plays a role to facilitate RGC death following ischemic injury and that inhibiting the function of σ2R/TMEM97 is neuroprotective. This work is a breakthrough toward elucidating the biology and function of σ2R/TMEM97 in RGCs and likely in other σ2R/TMEM97 expressing neurons. Moreover, these findings support future studies to develop new neuroprotective approaches for RGC degenerative diseases by inhibiting σ2R/TMEM97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Zhiyou Peng
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Yiwen Li
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - James J Sahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Timothy R Hodges
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Tsung-Han Chou
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Qiong Liu
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Xuezhi Zhou
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shuliang Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA
| | - Vittorio Porciatti
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Daniel J Liebl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Stephen F Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Rong Wen
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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19
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Duran P, Loya-López S, Ran D, Tang C, Calderon-Rivera A, Gomez K, Stratton HJ, Huang S, Xu YM, Wijeratne EMK, Perez-Miller S, Shan Z, Cai S, Gabrielsen AT, Dorame A, Masterson KA, Alsbiei O, Madura CL, Luo G, Moutal A, Streicher J, Zamponi GW, Gunatilaka AAL, Khanna R. The natural product argentatin C attenuates postoperative pain via inhibition of voltage-gated sodium and T-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 180:1267-1285. [PMID: 36245395 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Postoperative pain occurs in as many as 70% of surgeries performed worldwide. Postoperative pain management still relies on opioids despite their negative consequences, resulting in a public health crisis. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative therapies to treat chronic pain. Natural products derived from medicinal plants are potential sources of novel biologically active compounds for development of safe analgesics. In this study, we screened a library of natural products to identify small molecules that target the activity of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels that have important roles in nociceptive sensory processing. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Fractions derived from the Native American medicinal plant, Parthenium incanum, were assessed using depolarization-evoked calcium influx in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Further separation of these fractions yielded a cycloartane-type triterpene identified as argentatin C, which was additionally evaluated using whole-cell voltage and current-clamp electrophysiology, and behavioural analysis in a mouse model of postsurgical pain. KEY RESULTS Argentatin C blocked the activity of both voltage-gated sodium and low-voltage-activated (LVA) calcium channels in calcium imaging assays. Docking analysis predicted that argentatin C may bind to NaV 1.7-1.9 and CaV 3.1-3.3 channels. Furthermore, argentatin C decreased Na+ and T-type Ca2+ currents as well as excitability in rat and macaque DRG neurons, and reversed mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of postsurgical pain. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that the dual effect of argentatin C on voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels supports its potential as a novel treatment for painful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz Duran
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Santiago Loya-López
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dongzhi Ran
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Cheng Tang
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA.,NYU Pain Research Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Aida Calderon-Rivera
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kimberly Gomez
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Harrison J Stratton
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sun Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ya-Ming Xu
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - E M Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Samantha Perez-Miller
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhiming Shan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Song Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Anna T Gabrielsen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Angie Dorame
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kyleigh A Masterson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Omar Alsbiei
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Cynthia L Madura
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Guoqin Luo
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Aubin Moutal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - John Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA.,NYU Pain Research Center, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Jin J, Arbez N, Sahn JJ, Lu Y, Linkens KT, Hodges TR, Tang A, Wiseman R, Martin SF, Ross CA. Neuroprotective Effects of σ 2R/TMEM97 Receptor Modulators in the Neuronal Model of Huntington's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2852-2862. [PMID: 36108101 PMCID: PMC9547941 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disease caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene that encodes for an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat in exon-1 of the human mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein. The presence of this polyQ repeat results in neuronal degeneration, for which there is no cure or treatment that modifies disease progression. In previous studies, we have shown that small molecules that bind selectively to σ2R/TMEM97 can have significant neuroprotective effects in models of Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, and several other neurodegenerative diseases. In the present work, we extend these investigations and show that certain σ2R/TMEM97-selective ligands decrease mHTT-induced neuronal toxicity. We first synthesized a set of compounds designed to bind to σ2R/TMEM97 and determined their binding profiles (Ki values) for σ2R/TMEM97 and other proteins in the central nervous system. Modulators with high affinity and selectivity for σ2R/TMEM97 were then tested in our HD cell model. Primary cortical neurons were cultured in vitro for 7 days and then co-transfected with either a normal HTT construct (Htt N-586-22Q/GFP) or the mHTT construct Htt-N586-82Q/GFP. Transfected neurons were treated with either σ2R/TMEM97 or σ1R modulators for 48 h. After treatment, neurons were fixed and stained with Hoechst, and condensed nuclei were quantified to assess cell death in the transfected neurons. Significantly, σ2R/TMEM97 modulators reduce the neuronal toxicity induced by mHTT, and their neuroprotective effects are not blocked by NE-100, a selective σ1R antagonist known to block neuroprotection by σ1R ligands. These results indicate for the first time that σ2R/TMEM97 modulators can protect neurons from mHTT-induced neuronal toxicity, suggesting that targeting σ2R/TMEM97 may lead to a novel therapeutic approach to treat patients with HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore Maryland, 21287, United States
| | - Nicolas Arbez
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore Maryland, 21287, United States.,Cellular Sciences Department, IdRS, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - James J. Sahn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States
| | - Kathryn T. Linkens
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States
| | - Timothy R. Hodges
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States
| | - Anthony Tang
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore Maryland, 21287, United States
| | - Robyn Wiseman
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore Maryland, 21287, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, United States
| | - Stephen F. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, United States,equally contributed co-senior authors to whom correspondence may be addressed: ;
| | - Christopher A. Ross
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore Maryland, 21287, United States.,Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, United States.,equally contributed co-senior authors to whom correspondence may be addressed: ;
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21
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Martin SF. Bridging Known and Unknown Unknowns: From Natural Products and Their Mimics to Unmet Needs in Neuroscience. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2397-2408. [PMID: 35960884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Scientific excursions into the unknown are often characterized by unanticipated twists and turns that may lead in directions that never could have been predicted. Decisions made during the course of these explorations determine what we discover. This Account chronicles one such journey that began with a challenge encountered during the synthesis of a natural product and then unfolded over more than 30 years to focus on unmet needs in neuroscience. Specifically, while developing a concise approach to tetrahydroalstonine, a heteroyohimboid alkaloid having α-adrenergic activity, we faced the predicament of assembling a key intermediate. Solving this problem resulted in the serendipitous discovery of the vinylogous Mannich reaction and a productive program wherein we used this powerful construction as a key step in the syntheses of numerous alkaloids. However, we also realized that lessons learned from the synthesis of tetrahydroalstonine could be generalized to invent a new strategy for preparing diverse collections of substituted nitrogen heterocycles that could be screened against biological targets. The approach featured the combination of several reactants in a multicomponent assembly process to give a functionalized intermediate that could be elaborated by various ring-forming reactions to give heterocyclic scaffolds that could be further diversified. Screening these compound sets against a broad range of biological targets revealed some intriguing hits, but none of them led to a productive collaboration in translational research. Notwithstanding this setback, we screened curated members of our collections against proteins in the central nervous system and discovered some substituted B-norbenzomorphans that were selective for the enigmatic sigma-2 receptor (σ2R), an understudied protein that had been primarily associated with cancer. With scant knowledge of its role in neuroscience, we posited that small molecules that bind to σ2R might be neuroprotective, thus launching a new venture. In parallel investigations we prepared analogues of the initial hits, explored their effects in animal models of neurodegenerative and neurological conditions, and identified σ2R as transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97). After first establishing the neuroprotective effects of several σ2R/TMEM97 ligands in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of neurodegeneration, we showed that one of these has procognitive effects and reduces levels of proinflammatory cytokines in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. We then identified a closely related σ2R/TMEM97 ligand that mitigates hippocampal-dependent memory deficits, prevents axon degeneration, and protects neurons and oligodendrocytes after traumatic brain injury. In a recent study, this compound was shown to protect retinal ganglion cells from retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. In other collaborative investigations, we have shown that related, but structurally distinct, σ2R/TMEM97 ligands alleviate neuropathic pain, while a σ2R/TMEM97 ligand representing yet another chemotype reduces impairments associated with alcohol withdrawal. More recently, we have shown that σ2R/TMEM97 ligands enhance survival of cortical neurons in a neuronal model of Huntington's disease. Translational and mechanistic studies in these and other areas are in progress. Solving a problem we faced in natural product synthesis thus served as an unexpected gateway to discoveries that could lead to entirely new approaches to treat neurodegenerative and neurological conditions by targeting σ2R/TMEM97, a protein that has never been associated with these afflictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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22
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Targeting σ2R/TMEM97 with novel aminotetralins. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Exploration of Diazaspiro Cores as Piperazine Bioisosteres in the Development of σ2 Receptor Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158259. [PMID: 35897835 PMCID: PMC9332756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of σ2R compounds containing benzimidazolone and diazacycloalkane cores was synthesized and evaluated in radioligand binding assays. Replacing the piperazine moiety in a lead compound with diazaspiroalkanes and the fused octahydropyrrolo[3,4-b] pyrrole ring system resulted in a loss in affinity for the σ2R. On the other hand, the bridged 2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 1,4-diazepine, and a 3-aminoazetidine analog possessed nanomolar affinities for the σ2R. Computational chemistry studies were also conducted with the recently published crystal structure of the σ2R/TMEM97 and revealed that hydrogen bond interactions with ASP29 and π-stacking interactions with TYR150 were largely responsible for the high binding affinity of small molecules to this protein.
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24
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Zampieri D, Fortuna S, Romano M, Amata E, Dichiara M, Marrazzo A, Pasquinucci L, Turnaturi R, Mamolo MG. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aminopropylcarboxamide derivatives as sigma ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 72:128860. [PMID: 35724925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In our continuing effort to develop novel sigma receptor (SR) ligands, we present the design, synthesis and binding studies of a small library of aminopropylcarboxamide derivatives, obtained from a deconstruction of the piperidine ring of previously synthesized piperidine-based compounds. The best results were achieved with benzofuran (5c, 5g) and quinoline (5a, 5e) derivatives. These compounds revealed the highest affinity for both receptor subtypes. In particular, the 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl derivatives 5e and 5g showed the highest selectivity profile for S2R, especially the quinoline derivative 5e exhibited a 35-fold higher affinity for S2R subtype. The cytotoxic activity of aforementioned compounds was evaluated against SKBR3 and MCF7 cell lines, widely used for breast cancer studies. Whereas the potency of 5g was similar that of Siramesine and Haloperidol in both cell lines, compounds 5a, 5c and 5e exhibited a potency at least comparable to that of Haloperidol in SKBR3 cells. A molecular modelling evaluation towards the S2R binding site, confirmed the strong interaction of compound 5e thus justifying its highest S2R affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zampieri
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Sara Fortuna
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Via E. Melen 83, 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 28/1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Mamolo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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25
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Wilson LL, Alleyne AR, Eans SO, Cirino TJ, Stacy HM, Mottinelli M, Intagliata S, McCurdy CR, McLaughlin JP. Characterization of CM-398, a Novel Selective Sigma-2 Receptor Ligand, as a Potential Therapeutic for Neuropathic Pain. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113617. [PMID: 35684553 PMCID: PMC9182558 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma receptors modulate nociception, offering a potential therapeutic target to treat pain, but relatively little is known regarding the role of sigma-2 receptors (S2R) in nociception. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vivo analgesic and anti-allodynic activity and liabilities of a novel S2R selective ligand, 1-[4-(6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl)butyl]-3-methyl-1,3-dihydro-1,3-benzimidazol-2-one (CM-398). The inhibition of thermal, induced chemical, or inflammatory pain as well as the allodynia resulting from chronic nerve constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain were assessed in male mice. CM-398 dose-dependently (10–45 mg/kg i.p.) reduced mechanical allodynia in the CCI neuropathic pain model, equivalent at the higher dose to the effect of the control analgesic gabapentin (50 mg/kg i.p.). Likewise, pretreatment (i.p.) with CM-398 dose-dependently produced antinociception in the acetic acid writhing test (ED50 (and 95% C.I.) = 14.7 (10.6–20) mg/kg, i.p.) and the formalin assay (ED50 (and 95% C.I.) = 0.86 (0.44–1.81) mg/kg, i.p.) but was without effect in the 55 °C warm-water tail-withdrawal assay. A high dose of CM-398 (45 mg/kg, i.p.) exhibited modest locomotor impairment in a rotarod assay and conditioned place aversion, potentially complicating the interpretation of nociceptive testing. However, in an operant pain model resistant to these confounds, mice experiencing CCI and treated with CM-398 demonstrated robust conditioned place preference. Overall, these results demonstrate the S2R selective antagonist CM-398 produces antinociception and anti-allodynia with fewer liabilities than established therapeutics, adding to emerging data suggesting possible mediation of nociception by S2R, and the development of S2R ligands as potential treatments for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L. Wilson
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.L.W.); (A.R.A.); (S.O.E.); (T.J.C.); (H.M.S.)
| | - Amy R. Alleyne
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.L.W.); (A.R.A.); (S.O.E.); (T.J.C.); (H.M.S.)
| | - Shainnel O. Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.L.W.); (A.R.A.); (S.O.E.); (T.J.C.); (H.M.S.)
| | - Thomas J. Cirino
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.L.W.); (A.R.A.); (S.O.E.); (T.J.C.); (H.M.S.)
| | - Heather M. Stacy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.L.W.); (A.R.A.); (S.O.E.); (T.J.C.); (H.M.S.)
| | - Marco Mottinelli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.M.); (S.I.); (C.R.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.M.); (S.I.); (C.R.M.)
| | - Christopher R. McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.M.); (S.I.); (C.R.M.)
| | - Jay P. McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (L.L.W.); (A.R.A.); (S.O.E.); (T.J.C.); (H.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-352-273-7207
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26
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Discovery of novel, selective, functionalized 5-(2-(5-arylhexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1H)-yl)ethyl)-γ-butyrolactone sigma-2 ligands. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Preparation of novel analogs of 2-arylpiperidines and evaluation of their sigma receptor binding affinities. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Discovery and development of brain-penetrant 18F-labeled radioligands for neuroimaging of the sigma-2 receptors. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1406-1415. [PMID: 35530149 PMCID: PMC9069315 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have discovered and synthesized a series of indole-based derivatives as novel sigma-2 (σ 2) receptor ligands. Two ligands with high σ 2 receptor affinity and subtype selectivity were then radiolabeled with F-18 in good radiochemical yields and purities, and evaluated in rodents. In biodistribution studies in male ICR mice, radioligand [18F]9, or 1-(4-(5,6-dimethoxyisoindolin-2-yl)butyl)-4-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)-1H-indole, was found to display high brain uptake and high brain-to-blood ratio. Pretreatment of animals with the selective σ 2 receptor ligand CM398 led to significant reductions in both brain uptake (29%-54%) and brain-to-blood ratio (60%-88%) of the radioligand in a dose-dependent manner, indicating high and saturable specific binding of [18F]9 to σ 2 receptors in the brain. Further, ex vivo autoradiography in male ICR mice demonstrated regionally heterogeneous specific binding of [18F]9 in the brain that is consistent with the distribution pattern of σ 2 receptors. Dynamic positron emission tomography imaging confirmed regionally distinct distribution and high levels of specific binding for [18F]9 in the rat brain, along with appropriate tissue kinetics. Taken together, results from our current study indicated the novel radioligand [18F]9 as the first highly specific and promising imaging agent for σ 2 receptors in the brain.
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29
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Levit Kaplan A, Strachan RT, Braz JM, Craik V, Slocum S, Mangano T, Amabo V, O'Donnell H, Lak P, Basbaum AI, Roth BL, Shoichet BK. Structure-Based Design of a Chemical Probe Set for the 5-HT 5A Serotonin Receptor. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4201-4217. [PMID: 35195401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 5-HT5A receptor (5-HT5AR), for which no selective agonists and a few antagonists exist, remains the least understood serotonin receptor. A single commercial antagonist, SB-699551, has been widely used to investigate the 5-HT5AR function in neurological disorders, including pain, but this molecule has substantial liabilities as a chemical probe. Accordingly, we sought to develop an internally controlled probe set. Docking over 6 million molecules against a 5-HT5AR homology model identified 5 mid-μM ligands, one of which was optimized to UCSF678, a 42 nM arrestin-biased partial agonist at the 5-HT5AR with a more restricted off-target profile and decreased assay liabilities versus SB-699551. Site-directed mutagenesis supported the docked pose of UCSF678. Surprisingly, analogs of UCSF678 that lost the 5-HT5AR activity revealed that 5-HT5AR engagement is nonessential for alleviating pain, contrary to studies with less-selective ligands. UCSF678 and analogs constitute a selective probe set with which to study the function of the 5-HT5AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Levit Kaplan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Ryan T Strachan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Joao M Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Veronica Craik
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Samuel Slocum
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Thomas Mangano
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Vanessa Amabo
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Henry O'Donnell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Parnian Lak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Allan I Basbaum
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
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30
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Bechthold E, Schreiber JA, Ritter N, Grey L, Schepmann D, Daniliuc C, González-Cano R, Nieto FR, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Synthesis of tropane-based σ1 receptor antagonists with antiallodynic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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31
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32
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Synthesis and evaluation of novel, selective, functionalized γ-butyrolactones as sigma-2 ligands. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Szczepańska K, Podlewska S, Dichiara M, Gentile D, Patamia V, Rosier N, Mönnich D, Ruiz Cantero MC, Karcz T, Łażewska D, Siwek A, Pockes S, Cobos EJ, Marrazzo A, Stark H, Rescifina A, Bojarski AJ, Amata E, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Structural and Molecular Insight into Piperazine and Piperidine Derivatives as Histamine H 3 and Sigma-1 Receptor Antagonists with Promising Antinociceptive Properties. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1-15. [PMID: 34908391 PMCID: PMC8739840 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to extend recent studies showing that some clinically evaluated histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists possess nanomolar affinity at sigma-1 receptors (σ1R), we selected 20 representative structures among our previously reported H3R ligands to investigate their affinity at σRs. Most of the tested compounds interact with both sigma receptors to different degrees. However, only six of them showed higher affinity toward σ1R than σ2R with the highest binding preference to σ1R for compounds 5, 11, and 12. Moreover, all these ligands share a common structural feature: the piperidine moiety as the fundamental part of the molecule. It is most likely a critical structural element for dual H3/σ1 receptor activity as can be seen by comparing the data for compounds 4 and 5 (hH3R Ki = 3.17 and 7.70 nM, σ1R Ki = 1531 and 3.64 nM, respectively), where piperidine is replaced by piperazine. We identified the putative protein-ligand interactions responsible for their high affinity using molecular modeling techniques and selected compounds 5 and 11 as lead structures for further evaluation. Interestingly, both ligands turned out to be high-affinity histamine H3 and σ1 receptor antagonists with negligible affinity at the other histamine receptor subtypes and promising antinociceptive activity in vivo. Considering that many literature data clearly indicate high preclinical efficacy of individual selective σ1 or H3R ligands in various pain models, our research might be a breakthrough in the search for novel, dual-acting compounds that can improve existing pain therapies. Determining whether such ligands are more effective than single-selective drugs will be the subject of our future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szczepańska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Smętna 12, Kraków 31-343, Poland
| | - Sabina Podlewska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Smętna 12, Kraków 31-343, Poland
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Gentile
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Niklas Rosier
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Denise Mönnich
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ma Carmen Ruiz Cantero
- Department
of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute (Biomedical Research Center)
and Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department
of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | - Steffen Pockes
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Enrique J. Cobos
- Department
of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute (Biomedical Research Center)
and Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrzej J. Bojarski
- Maj
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Smętna 12, Kraków 31-343, Poland
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department
of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków 30-688, Poland
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34
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Bhandare RR, Sigalapalli DK, Shaik AB, Canney DJ, Blass BE. Selectivity profile comparison for certain γ-butyrolactone and oxazolidinone-based ligands on a sigma 2 receptor over sigma 1: a molecular docking approach. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20096-20109. [PMID: 35919619 PMCID: PMC9272471 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03497b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma receptors (σ1 R and σ2 R) are pharmacologically characterized membrane-bound receptors that bind a wide range of chemical compounds. Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, and neuropathic pain have all been associated with abnormal σ2 activity. The σ2 receptor has recently been identified as a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting the formation of amyloid plaques. Numerous laboratories are now investigating the potential of σ2 ligands. Small molecule discovery is the focus of current research, with the goal of using target-based action to treat a variety of illnesses and ailments. Functionalized γ-butyrolactone and oxazolidinone-based ligands, in particular, are pharmacologically important scaffolds in drug discovery research and have been thoroughly examined for σ2 receptor efficacy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacophoric features of different σ2 receptor ligands using in silico techniques. This study used a library of 58 compounds having a γ-butyrolactone and oxazolidinone core. To investigate the binding characteristics of the ligands with the σ2 receptor, a 3D homology model was developed. To understand the binding pattern of the γ-butyrolactone and oxazolidinone based ligands, molecular docking studies were performed on both σ1 and σ2 receptors. Furthermore, MM/GBSA binding energy calculations were used to confirm the binding of ligands on the σ2 over σ1 receptor. These in silico findings will aid in the discovery of selective σ2 ligands with good pharmacophoric properties and potency in the future. Selective action of γ-butyrolactones and oxazolidinones towards σ2 receptor.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Richie R. Bhandare
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 340, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dilep Kumar Sigalapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Afzal B. Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Daniel J. Canney
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 194140, USA
| | - Benjamin E. Blass
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 194140, USA
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35
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Chen Q, Fang J, Shen H, Chen L, Shi M, Huang X, Miao Z, Gong Y. Roles, molecular mechanisms, and signaling pathways of TMEMs in neurological diseases. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:13273-13297. [PMID: 35035675 PMCID: PMC8748174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane protein family members (TMEMs) span the entire lipid bilayer and act as channels that allow the transport of specific substances through biofilms. The functions of most TMEMs are unexplored. Numerous studies have shown that TMEMs are involved in the pathophysiological processes of various nervous system diseases, but the specific mechanisms of TMEMs in the pathogenesis of diseases remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the expression, physiological functions, and molecular mechanisms of TMEMs in brain tumors, psychiatric disorders, abnormal motor activity, cobblestone lissencephaly, neuropathic pain, traumatic brain injury, and other disorders of the nervous system. Additionally, we propose that TMEMs may be used as prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets in patients with various neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junlin Fang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Banan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing 401320, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengying Shi
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianbao Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Miao
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yating Gong
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
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36
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Structures of the σ 2 receptor enable docking for bioactive ligand discovery. Nature 2021; 600:759-764. [PMID: 34880501 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The σ2 receptor has attracted intense interest in cancer imaging1, psychiatric disease2, neuropathic pain3-5 and other areas of biology6,7. Here we determined the crystal structure of this receptor in complex with the clinical candidate roluperidone2 and the tool compound PB288. These structures templated a large-scale docking screen of 490 million virtual molecules, of which 484 compounds were synthesized and tested. We identified 127 new chemotypes with affinities superior to 1 μM, 31 of which had affinities superior to 50 nM. The hit rate fell smoothly and monotonically with docking score. We optimized three hits for potency and selectivity, and achieved affinities that ranged from 3 to 48 nM, with up to 250-fold selectivity versus the σ1 receptor. Crystal structures of two ligands bound to the σ2 receptor confirmed the docked poses. To investigate the contribution of the σ2 receptor in pain, two potent σ2-selective ligands and one potent σ1/σ2 non-selective ligand were tested for efficacy in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. All three ligands showed time-dependent decreases in mechanical hypersensitivity in the spared nerve injury model9, suggesting that the σ2 receptor has a role in nociception. This study illustrates the opportunities for rapid discovery of in vivo probes through structure-based screens of ultra large libraries, enabling study of underexplored areas of biology.
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37
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Rishton GM, Look GC, Ni ZJ, Zhang J, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wu X, Izzo NJ, LaBarbera KM, Limegrover CS, Rehak C, Yurko R, Catalano SM. Discovery of Investigational Drug CT1812, an Antagonist of the Sigma-2 Receptor Complex for Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1389-1395. [PMID: 34531947 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An unbiased phenotypic neuronal assay was developed to measure the synaptotoxic effects of soluble Aβ oligomers. A collection of CNS druglike small molecules prepared by conditioned extraction was screened. Compounds that prevented and reversed synaptotoxic effects of Aβ oligomers in neurons were discovered to bind to the sigma-2 receptor complex. Select development compounds displaced receptor-bound Aβ oligomers, rescued synapses, and restored cognitive function in transgenic hAPP Swe/Ldn mice. Our first-in-class orally administered small molecule investigational drug 7 (CT1812) has been advanced to Phase II clinical studies for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert M. Rishton
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
| | - Gary C. Look
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
| | - Zhi-Jie Ni
- Acme Bioscience, Inc., 3941 East Bayshore Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, United States
| | - Jason Zhang
- Acme Bioscience, Inc., 3941 East Bayshore Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, United States
| | - Yingcai Wang
- Acme Bioscience, Inc., 3941 East Bayshore Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, United States
| | - Yaodong Huang
- Acme Bioscience, Inc., 3941 East Bayshore Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, United States
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Acme Bioscience, Inc., 3941 East Bayshore Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Izzo
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
| | - Kelsie M LaBarbera
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
| | - Colleen S. Limegrover
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
| | - Courtney Rehak
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
| | - Raymond Yurko
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
| | - Susan M. Catalano
- Cognition Therapeutics, 2403 Sidney Street, Suite 261, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, United States
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39
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Current development of sigma-2 receptor radioligands as potential tumor imaging agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105163. [PMID: 34289426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sigma receptors are transmembrane proteins with two different subtypes: σ1 and σ2. Because of its overexpression in tumors, the σ2 receptor (σ2R) is a well-known biomarker for cancer cells. A large number of small-molecule ligands for the σ2Rs have been identified and tested for imaging the proliferative status of tumors using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). These small molecules include derivatives of bicyclic amines, indoles, cyclohexylpiperazines and tetrahydroisoquinolines. This review discusses various aspects of small molecule ligands, such as chemical composition, labeling strategy, affinity for σ2Rs, and in vitro/in vivo investigations. The recent studies described here could be useful for the development of σ2R radioligands as potential tumor imaging agents.
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Fallica AN, Pittalà V, Modica MN, Salerno L, Romeo G, Marrazzo A, Helal MA, Intagliata S. Recent Advances in the Development of Sigma Receptor Ligands as Cytotoxic Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7926-7962. [PMID: 34076441 PMCID: PMC8279423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Since their discovery
as distinct receptor proteins, the specific
physiopathological role of sigma receptors (σRs) has been deeply
investigated. It has been reported that these proteins, classified
into two subtypes indicated as σ1 and σ2, might play a pivotal role in cancer growth, cell proliferation,
and tumor aggressiveness. As a result, the development of selective
σR ligands with potential antitumor properties attracted significant
attention as an emerging theme in cancer research. This perspective
deals with the recent advances of σR ligands as novel cytotoxic
agents, covering articles published between 2010 and 2020. An up-to-date
description of the medicinal chemistry of selective σ1R and σ2R ligands with antiproliferative and cytotoxic
activities has been provided, including major pharmacophore models
and comprehensive structure–activity relationships for each
main class of σR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino N Fallica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria N Modica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Mohamed A Helal
- University of Science and Technology, Biomedical Sciences Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, sixth of October, Giza 12578, Egypt.,Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Romeo G, Bonanno F, Wilson LL, Arena E, Modica MN, Pittalà V, Salerno L, Prezzavento O, McLaughlin JP, Intagliata S. Development of New Benzylpiperazine Derivatives as σ 1 Receptor Ligands with in Vivo Antinociceptive and Anti-Allodynic Effects. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2003-2012. [PMID: 34019387 PMCID: PMC8291485 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
σ-1 receptors (σ1R) modulate nociceptive signaling, driving the search for selective antagonists to take advantage of this promising target to treat pain. In this study, a new series of benzylpiperazinyl derivatives has been designed, synthesized, and characterized for their affinities toward σ1R and selectivity over the σ-2 receptor (σ2R). Notably, 3-cyclohexyl-1-{4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}propan-1-one (15) showed the highest σ1R receptor affinity (Ki σ1 = 1.6 nM) among the series with a significant improvement of the σ1R selectivity (Ki σ2/Ki σ1= 886) compared to the lead compound 8 (Ki σ2/Ki σ1= 432). Compound 15 was further tested in a mouse formalin assay of inflammatory pain and chronic nerve constriction injury (CCI) of neuropathic pain, where it produced dose-dependent (3-60 mg/kg, i.p.) antinociception and anti-allodynic effects. Moreover, compound 15 demonstrated no significant effects in a rotarod assay, suggesting that this σ1R antagonist did not produce sedation or impair locomotor responses. Overall, these results encourage the further development of our benzylpiperazine-based σ1R antagonists as potential therapeutics for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Romeo
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Bonanno
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Lisa L. Wilson
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Emanuela Arena
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria N. Modica
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jay P. McLaughlin
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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42
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Shen H, Li J, Xie X, Yang H, Zhang M, Wang B, Kent KC, Plutzky J, Guo LW. BRD2 regulation of sigma-2 receptor upon cholesterol deprivation. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e201900540. [PMID: 33234676 PMCID: PMC7723276 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-2 receptor (S2R) has long been pharmacologically targeted for antipsychotic treatment and tumor imaging. Only recently was it known for its coding gene and for its role implicated in cholesterol homeostasis. Here, we have investigated the transcriptional control of S2R by the Bromo/ExtraTerminal epigenetic reader family (BETs, including BRD2, 3, and 4) upon cholesterol perturbation. Cholesterol deprivation was induced in ARPE19 cells using a blocker of lysosomal cholesterol export. This condition up-regulated S2R mRNA and protein, and also SREBP2 but not SREBP1, both transcription factors key to cholesterol/fatty acid metabolism. Silencing BRD2 but not BRD3 or BRD4 (though widely deemed a master regulator) averted S2R up-regulation that was induced by cholesterol deprivation. Silencing SREBP2 but not SREBP1 diminished S2R expression. Furthermore, endogenous BRD2 co-immunoprecipitated with the transcription-active N-terminal half of SREBP2, and chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR signified co-occupancy of BRD2, H3K27ac (histone acetylation), and SREBP2Nterm at the S2R gene promoter. In summary, this study reveals a previously unrecognized BRD2/SREBP2 cooperative regulation of S2R transcription, thus shedding new light on signaling in response to cholesterol deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Shen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Xiujie Xie
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - K Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jorge Plutzky
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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43
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Xie XY, Li YY, Ma WH, Chen AF, Sun YT, Lee JY, Riad A, Xu DH, Mach RH, Huang YS. Synthesis, binding, and functional properties of tetrahydroisoquinolino-2-alkyl phenones as selective σ 2R/TMEM97 ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112906. [PMID: 33049607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sigma-2 receptor (σ2R/TMEM97) has been implicated to play important roles in multiple cellular dysfunctions, such as cell neoplastic proliferation, neuro-inflammation, neurodegeneration, etc. Selective σ2 ligands are believed to be promising pharmacological tools to regulate or diagnose various disorders. As an ongoing effort of discovery of new and selective σ2 ligands, we have synthesized a series of tetrahydroisoquinolino-2-alkyl phenone analogs and identified that 10 of them have moderate to potent affinity and selectivity for σ2R/TMEM97. Especially, 4 analogs showed Ki values ranging from 0.38 to 5.1 nM for σ2R/TMEM97 with no or low affinity for sigma-1 receptor (σ1R). Functional assays indicated that these 4 most potent analogs had no effects on intracellular calcium concentration and were classified as putative σ2R/TMEM97 antagonists according to current understanding. The σ2R/TMEM97 has been suggested to play important roles in the central nervous system. Based on published pharmacological and clinical results from several regarded σ2R/TMEM97 antagonists, these analogs may potentially be useful for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 1 Xincheng Ave, Songshan Lake Technology Park, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Yu-Yun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 1 Xincheng Ave, Songshan Lake Technology Park, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Wen-Hui Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 1 Xincheng Ave, Songshan Lake Technology Park, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Ai-Fang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 1 Xincheng Ave, Songshan Lake Technology Park, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Yu-Tong Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 1 Xincheng Ave, Songshan Lake Technology Park, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Ji Youn Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Aladdin Riad
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dao-Hua Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 1 Xincheng Ave, Songshan Lake Technology Park, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Robert H Mach
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Yun-Sheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, 1 Xincheng Ave, Songshan Lake Technology Park, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
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44
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Sigma-2 Receptor-A Potential Target for Cancer/Alzheimer's Disease Treatment via Its Regulation of Cholesterol Homeostasis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225439. [PMID: 33233619 PMCID: PMC7699687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma receptors were classified into sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptor based on their different pharmacological profiles. In the past two decades, our understanding of the biological and pharmacological properties of the sigma-1 receptor is increasing; however, little is known about the sigma-2 receptor. Recently, the molecular identity of the sigma-2 receptor has been identified as TMEM97. Although more and more evidence has showed that sigma-2 ligands have the ability to treat cancer and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the mechanisms connecting these two diseases are unknown. Data obtained over the past few years from human and animal models indicate that cholesterol homeostasis is altered in AD and cancer, underscoring the importance of cholesterol homeostasis in AD and cancer. In this review, based on accumulated evidence, we proposed that the beneficial roles of sigma-2 ligands in cancer and AD might be mediated by their regulation of cholesterol homeostasis.
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Quadir SG, Tanino SM, Rohl CD, Sahn JJ, Yao EJ, Cruz LDR, Cottone P, Martin SF, Sabino V. The Sigma-2 receptor / transmembrane protein 97 (σ2R/TMEM97) modulator JVW-1034 reduces heavy alcohol drinking and associated pain states in male mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 184:108409. [PMID: 33221481 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive alcohol intake, loss of control over alcohol intake, and a negative emotional state when access to alcohol is prevented. AUD is also closely tied to pain, as repeated alcohol drinking leads to increased pain sensitivity during withdrawal. The sigma-2 receptor, recently identified as transmembrane protein 97 (σ2R/TMEM97), is an integral membrane protein involved in cholesterol homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Selective σ2R/Tmem97 modulators have been recently shown to relieve mechanical hypersensitivity in animal models of neuropathic pain as well as to attenuate alcohol withdrawal signs in C. elegans and to reduce alcohol drinking in rats, suggesting a potential key role for this protein in alcohol-related behaviors. In this study, we tested the effects of a potent and selective σ2R/TMEM97 ligand, JVW-1034, on heavy alcohol drinking and alcohol-induced heightened pain states in mice using an intermittent access model. Administration of JVW-1034 decreased both ethanol intake and preference for ethanol, without affecting water intake, total fluid intake, or food intake. Notably, this effect was specific for alcohol, as JVW-1034 had no effect on sucrose intake. Furthermore, JVW-1034 reduced both thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical hypersensitivity in ethanol withdrawn mice. Our data provide important evidence that modulation of σ2R/TMEM97 with small molecules can mediate heavy alcohol drinking as well as chronic alcohol-induced heightened pain sensitivity, thereby identifying a promising novel pharmacological target for AUD and associated pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema G Quadir
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean M Tanino
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian D Rohl
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James J Sahn
- Department of Chemistry and Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Emily J Yao
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luíza Dos Reis Cruz
- Department of Chemistry and Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Pietro Cottone
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen F Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Valentina Sabino
- Laboratory of Addictive Disorders, Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, USA.
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46
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Sánchez-Blázquez P, Cortés-Montero E, Rodríguez-Muñoz M, Merlos M, Garzón-Niño J. The Sigma 2 receptor promotes and the Sigma 1 receptor inhibits mu-opioid receptor-mediated antinociception. Mol Brain 2020; 13:150. [PMID: 33176836 PMCID: PMC7659117 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) has emerged as an interesting pharmacological target because it inhibits analgesia mediated by mu-opioid receptors (MOR), and also facilitates the development of neuropathic pain. Based on these findings, the recent cloning of the Sigma-2 receptor (σ2R) led us to investigate its potential role as a regulator of opioid analgesia and of pain hypersensitivity in σ2R knockout mice. In contrast to σ1R deficient mice, σ2R knockout mice developed mechanical allodynia following establishment of chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain, which was alleviated by the σ1R antagonist S1RA. The analgesic effects of morphine, [D-Ala, N-MePhe, Gly-ol]-encephalin (DAMGO) and β-endorphin increased in σ1R-/- mice and diminished in σ2R-/- mice. The analgesic effect of morphine was increased in σ2R-/- mice by treatment with S1RA. However, σ2R-/- mice and wild-type mice exhibited comparable antinociceptive responses to the delta receptor agonist [D-Pen2,5]-encephalin (DPDPE), the cannabinoid type 1 receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 and the α2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine. Therefore, while σR1 inhibits and σ2R facilitates MOR-mediated analgesia these receptors exchange their roles when regulating neuropathic pain perception. Our study may help identify new pharmacological targets for diminishing pain perception and improving opioid detoxification therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Animals
- Constriction, Pathologic
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Morphine/pharmacology
- Nociception/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Receptors, sigma/metabolism
- Sigma-1 Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Merlos
- Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, Esteve, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Garzón-Niño
- Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain
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47
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Μaione F, Colucci M, Raucci F, Mangano G, Marzoli F, Mascolo N, Crocetti L, Giovannoni MP, Di Giannuario A, Pieretti S. New insights on the arylpiperazinylalkyl pyridazinone ET1 as potent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory agent. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173572. [PMID: 32946866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pyridazine derivatives, such as arylpiperazinylalkyl pyridazinones, display antinociceptive effects to thermal and chemical stimuli. Here, we extended our previous knowledge on the pharmacological profile of 4-amino-6-methyl-2-(3-(4-(4-methylcyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)-5-vinylpyridazin-3(2H)-one, here referred as ET1, paving the way for the comprehension of its complete mechanism of action. To this aim, we have evaluated the mouse behavioural responses in several animal models of pain, the effect of ET1 in the murine model of zymosan-induced paw oedema and air-pouch, assessing the cytokines and the cellular phenotype and finally, an in vitro radioligand binding study was performed on a panel of 30 different receptors. In the formalin test, ET1 reduced both neurogenic and inflammatory phase of nociception induced by the aldehyde. Similarly, ET1 strongly reduced paw licking response in the capsaicin test, the abdominal stretching in the writhing test and the carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia. ET1 also evoked a long-lasting reduction of thermal hyperalgesia. Furthermore, ET1 produced a long-lasting anti-inflammatory effect in the zymosan-induced mouse paw oedema and air-pouch through the selective inhibition of inflammatory monocytes recruitment and the modulation of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1. Binding experiments confirmed an inhibitory effect on adrenergic α1A, α1B and α2A receptors subtypes and, for the first time, a moderate affinity was observed for the following receptors: histamine H1, imidazoline I2, sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 and σ2. These results prompt ET1 as a potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent, and support the possibility that it may be suitable for clinical applications in a wide-range of inflammatory-based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Μaione
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariantonella Colucci
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Raucci
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgina Mangano
- Angelini RR&D (Regulatory, Research & Development), Angelini Pharma S.p.A., Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia, Rome, 00071, Italy
| | - Francesca Marzoli
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Mascolo
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Letizia Crocetti
- NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Giovannoni
- NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Amalia Di Giannuario
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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48
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Intagliata S, Sharma A, King TI, Mesangeau C, Seminerio M, Chin FT, Wilson LL, Matsumoto RR, McLaughlin JP, Avery BA, McCurdy CR. Discovery of a Highly Selective Sigma-2 Receptor Ligand, 1-(4-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)butyl)-3-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one (CM398), with Drug-Like Properties and Antinociceptive Effects In Vivo. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:94. [PMID: 32691179 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The sigma-2 receptor has been cloned and identified as Tmem97, which is a transmembrane protein involved in intracellular Ca2+ regulation and cholesterol homeostasis. Since its discovery, the sigma-2 receptor has been an extremely controversial target, and many efforts have been made to elucidate the functional role of this receptor during physiological and pathological conditions. Recently, this receptor has been proposed as a potential target to treat neuropathic pain due to the ability of sigma-2 receptor agonists to relieve mechanical hyperalgesia in mice model of chronic pain. In the present work, we developed a highly selective sigma-2 receptor ligand (sigma-1/sigma-2 selectivity ratio > 1000), 1-(4-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)butyl)-3-methyl-1H- benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one (CM398), with an encouraging in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profile in rodents. In particular, radioligand binding studies demonstrated that CM398 had preferential affinity for sigma-2 receptor compared with sigma-1 receptor and at least four other neurotransmitter receptors sites, including the norepinephrine transporter. Following oral administration, CM398 showed rapid absorption and peak plasma concentration (Cmax) occurred within 10 min of dosing. Moreover, the compound showed adequate, absolute oral bioavailability of 29.0%. Finally, CM398 showed promising anti-inflammatory analgesic effects in the formalin model of inflammatory pain in mice. The results collected in this study provide more evidence that selective sigma-2 receptor ligands can be useful tools in the development of novel pain therapeutics and altogether, these data suggest that CM398 is a suitable lead candidate for further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Abhisheak Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Tamara I King
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Christophe Mesangeau
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Michael Seminerio
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506, USA
| | - Frederick T Chin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Lisa L Wilson
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Rae R Matsumoto
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506, USA.,Dean's Office, Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, 94592, USA
| | - Jay P McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Bonnie A Avery
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA. .,Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, 38677, USA.
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49
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Zampieri D, Fortuna S, Calabretti A, Romano M, Menegazzi R, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Mamolo MG. Synthesis, Cytotoxicity Evaluation, and Computational Insights of Novel 1,4-Diazepane-Based Sigma Ligands. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:651-656. [PMID: 32435366 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among several potential applications, sigma receptor ligands can be used as antipsychotics, antiamnesics, and against other neurodegenerative disorders as well as neuroprotective agents. We present herein a new series of diazepane-containing derivatives as σR ligands obtained by a conformational expansion approach of our previously synthesized piperidine-based compounds. The best results were reached by benzofurane 2c, 3c and quinoline 2d, 3d-substituted diazepane derivatives, which showed the highest σR affinity. The cytotoxic activities of synthesized compounds were evaluated against two cancer cell lines, and the results indicated that none of the compounds induced significant toxicity in these cells. We also evaluated the antioxidant activity by radical scavenging capacity of our best compounds on ABTS and H2O2. The results obtained reveal that our new derivatives possess an excellent antioxidant profile and could be protective for the cells. Overall, the benzofurane derivative 2c due to its strong interaction with the active site of the receptor, as confirmed by molecular dynamic simulations, emerged as the optimum compound with high σ1R affinity, low cytotoxicity, and a potent antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zampieri
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Fortuna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonella Calabretti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, Via Valerio 28/1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Renzo Menegazzi
- Department of Life Sciences, Via Valerio 28/1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maria Grazia Mamolo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Encinar JA, Menendez JA. Potential Drugs Targeting Early Innate Immune Evasion of SARS-Coronavirus 2 via 2'-O-Methylation of Viral RNA. Viruses 2020; 12:E525. [PMID: 32397643 PMCID: PMC7291090 DOI: 10.3390/v12050525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the COVID-19 respiratory disease pandemic utilizes unique 2'-O-methyltransferase (2'-O-MTase) capping machinery to camouflage its RNA from innate immune recognition. The nsp16 catalytic subunit of the 2'-O-MTase is unusual in its requirement for a stimulatory subunit (nsp10) to catalyze the ribose 2'-O-methylation of the viral RNA cap. Here we provide a computational basis for drug repositioning or de novo drug development based on three differential traits of the intermolecular interactions of the SARS-CoV-2-specific nsp16/nsp10 heterodimer, namely: (1) the S-adenosyl-l-methionine-binding pocket of nsp16, (2) the unique "activating surface" between nsp16 and nsp10, and (3) the RNA-binding groove of nsp16. We employed ≈9000 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved investigational and experimental drugs from the DrugBank repository for docking virtual screening. After molecular dynamics calculations of the stability of the binding modes of high-scoring nsp16/nsp10-drug complexes, we considered their pharmacological overlapping with functional modules of the virus-host interactome that is relevant to the viral lifecycle, and to the clinical features of COVID-19. Some of the predicted drugs (e.g., tegobuvir, sonidegib, siramesine, antrafenine, bemcentinib, itacitinib, or phthalocyanine) might be suitable for repurposing to pharmacologically reactivate innate immune restriction and antagonism of SARS-CoV-2 RNAs lacking 2'-O-methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Encinar
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cell Biology Institute (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier A. Menendez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 17005 Girona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute, 17007 Girona, Spain
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