1
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Grotsch K, Sadybekov AV, Hiller S, Zaidi S, Eremin D, Le A, Liu Y, Smith EC, Illiopoulis-Tsoutsouvas C, Thomas J, Aggarwal S, Pickett JE, Reyes C, Picazo E, Roth BL, Makriyannis A, Katritch V, Fokin VV. Virtual Screening of a Chemically Diverse "Superscaffold" Library Enables Ligand Discovery for a Key GPCR Target. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:866-874. [PMID: 38598723 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The advent of ultra-large libraries of drug-like compounds has significantly broadened the possibilities in structure-based virtual screening, accelerating the discovery and optimization of high-quality lead chemotypes for diverse clinical targets. Compared to traditional high-throughput screening, which is constrained to libraries of approximately one million compounds, the ultra-large virtual screening approach offers substantial advantages in both cost and time efficiency. By expanding the chemical space with compounds synthesized from easily accessible and reproducible reactions and utilizing a large, diverse set of building blocks, we can enhance both the diversity and quality of the discovered lead chemotypes. In this study, we explore new chemical spaces using reactions of sulfur(VI) fluorides to create a combinatorial library consisting of several hundred million compounds. We screened this virtual library for cannabinoid type II receptor (CB2) antagonists using the high-resolution structure in conjunction with a rationally designed antagonist, AM10257. The top-predicted compounds were then synthesized and tested in vitro for CB2 binding and functional antagonism, achieving an experimentally validated hit rate of 55%. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of reliable reactions, such as sulfur fluoride exchange, in diversifying ultra-large chemical spaces and facilitate the discovery of new lead compounds for important biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Grotsch
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Anastasiia V Sadybekov
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Sydney Hiller
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Saheem Zaidi
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Dmitry Eremin
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Austen Le
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina, United States
- Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, National Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina, United States
| | - Evan Carlton Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Discovery, Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Christos Illiopoulis-Tsoutsouvas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Discovery, Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Joice Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Shubhangi Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Julie E Pickett
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina, United States
- Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, National Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina, United States
| | - Cesar Reyes
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Elias Picazo
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina, United States
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina, United States
- Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, National Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, North Carolina, United States
| | - Alexandros Makriyannis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Discovery, Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
| | - Valery V Fokin
- Department of Chemistry, the Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, California, United States
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2
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Kim Y, Gumpper RH, Liu Y, Kocak DD, Xiong Y, Cao C, Deng Z, Krumm BE, Jain MK, Zhang S, Jin J, Roth BL. Bitter taste receptor activation by cholesterol and an intracellular tastant. Nature 2024; 628:664-671. [PMID: 38600377 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Bitter taste sensing is mediated by type 2 taste receptors (TAS2Rs (also known as T2Rs)), which represent a distinct class of G-protein-coupled receptors1. Among the 26 members of the TAS2Rs, TAS2R14 is highly expressed in extraoral tissues and mediates the responses to more than 100 structurally diverse tastants2-6, although the molecular mechanisms for recognizing diverse chemicals and initiating cellular signalling are still poorly understood. Here we report two cryo-electron microscopy structures for TAS2R14 complexed with Ggust (also known as gustducin) and Gi1. Both structures have an orthosteric binding pocket occupied by endogenous cholesterol as well as an intracellular allosteric site bound by the bitter tastant cmpd28.1, including a direct interaction with the α5 helix of Ggust and Gi1. Computational and biochemical studies validate both ligand interactions. Our functional analysis identified cholesterol as an orthosteric agonist and the bitter tastant cmpd28.1 as a positive allosteric modulator with direct agonist activity at TAS2R14. Moreover, the orthosteric pocket is connected to the allosteric site via an elongated cavity, which has a hydrophobic core rich in aromatic residues. Our findings provide insights into the ligand recognition of bitter taste receptors and suggest activities of TAS2R14 beyond bitter taste perception via intracellular allosteric tastants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojoong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D Dewran Kocak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yan Xiong
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Can Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhijie Deng
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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3
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Lyu J, Kapolka N, Gumpper R, Alon A, Wang L, Jain MK, Barros-Álvarez X, Sakamoto K, Kim Y, DiBerto J, Kim K, Tummino TA, Huang S, Irwin JJ, Tarkhanova OO, Moroz Y, Skiniotis G, Kruse AC, Shoichet BK, Roth BL. AlphaFold2 structures template ligand discovery. bioRxiv 2024:2023.12.20.572662. [PMID: 38187536 PMCID: PMC10769324 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
AlphaFold2 (AF2) and RosettaFold have greatly expanded the number of structures available for structure-based ligand discovery, even though retrospective studies have cast doubt on their direct usefulness for that goal. Here, we tested unrefined AF2 models prospectively, comparing experimental hit-rates and affinities from large library docking against AF2 models vs the same screens targeting experimental structures of the same receptors. In retrospective docking screens against the σ2 and the 5-HT2A receptors, the AF2 structures struggled to recapitulate ligands that we had previously found docking against the receptors' experimental structures, consistent with published results. Prospective large library docking against the AF2 models, however, yielded similar hit rates for both receptors versus docking against experimentally-derived structures; hundreds of molecules were prioritized and tested against each model and each structure of each receptor. The success of the AF2 models was achieved despite differences in orthosteric pocket residue conformations for both targets versus the experimental structures. Intriguingly, against the 5-HT2A receptor the most potent, subtype-selective agonists were discovered via docking against the AF2 model, not the experimental structure. To understand this from a molecular perspective, a cryoEM structure was determined for one of the more potent and selective ligands to emerge from docking against the AF2 model of the 5-HT2A receptor. Our findings suggest that AF2 models may sample conformations that are relevant for ligand discovery, much extending the domain of applicability of structure-based ligand discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Lyu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- The Evnin Family Laboratory of Computational Molecular Discovery, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA (present address)
| | - Nicholas Kapolka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Ryan Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Assaf Alon
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Pharmacology Department, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA (present address)
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Ximena Barros-Álvarez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kensuke Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Yoojoong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Jeffrey DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Kuglae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea (present address)
| | - Tia A Tummino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sijie Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - John J Irwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Yurii Moroz
- Chemspace LLC, Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd., Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, US
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA
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4
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Majumdar S, Chiu YT, Pickett JE, Roth BL. Illuminating the understudied GPCR-ome. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103848. [PMID: 38052317 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the target of >30% of approved drugs. Despite their popularity, many of the >800 human GPCRs remain understudied. The Illuminating the Druggable Genome (IDG) project has generated many tools leading to important insights into the function and druggability of these so-called 'dark' receptors. These tools include assays, such as PRESTO-TANGO and TRUPATH, billions of small molecules made available via the ZINC virtual library, solved orphan GPCR structures, GPCR knock-in mice, and more. Together, these tools are illuminating the remaining 'dark' GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeparna Majumdar
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yi-Ting Chiu
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Julie E Pickett
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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5
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Kroeze WK, Sassano MF, Huang XP, Lansu K, McCorvy JD, Giguère PM, Sciaky N, Roth BL. Author Correction: PRESTO-Tango as an open-source resource for interrogation of the druggable human GPCRome. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:578. [PMID: 38486111 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley K Kroeze
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maria F Sassano
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine Lansu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patrick M Giguère
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Noah Sciaky
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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6
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Fordyce BA, Roth BL. Making Sense of Psychedelics in the CNS. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2024; 27:pyae007. [PMID: 38289825 PMCID: PMC10888522 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
For centuries, ancient lineages have consumed psychedelic compounds from natural sources. In the modern era, scientists have since harnessed the power of computational tools, cellular assays, and behavioral metrics to study how these compounds instigate changes on molecular, cellular, circuit-wide, and system levels. Here, we provide a brief history of psychedelics and their use in science, medicine, and culture. We then outline current techniques for studying psychedelics from a pharmacological perspective. Finally, we address known gaps in the field and potential avenues of further research to broaden our collective understanding of physiological changes induced by psychedelics, the limits of their therapeutic capabilities, and how researchers can improve and inform treatments that are rapidly becoming accessible worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A Fordyce
- Department of Neuroscience, UNC Chapel Hill Medical School Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill Medical School Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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7
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Wang S, DeLeon C, Sun W, Quake SR, Roth BL, Südhof TC. Alternative splicing of latrophilin-3 controls synapse formation. Nature 2024; 626:128-135. [PMID: 38233523 PMCID: PMC10830413 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The assembly and specification of synapses in the brain is incompletely understood1-3. Latrophilin-3 (encoded by Adgrl3, also known as Lphn3)-a postsynaptic adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor-mediates synapse formation in the hippocampus4 but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Here we show in mice that LPHN3 organizes synapses through a convergent dual-pathway mechanism: activation of Gαs signalling and recruitment of phase-separated postsynaptic protein scaffolds. We found that cell-type-specific alternative splicing of Lphn3 controls the LPHN3 G-protein-coupling mode, resulting in LPHN3 variants that predominantly signal through Gαs or Gα12/13. CRISPR-mediated manipulation of Lphn3 alternative splicing that shifts LPHN3 from a Gαs- to a Gα12/13-coupled mode impaired synaptic connectivity as severely as the overall deletion of Lphn3, suggesting that Gαs signalling by LPHN3 splice variants mediates synapse formation. Notably, Gαs-coupled, but not Gα12/13-coupled, splice variants of LPHN3 also recruit phase-transitioned postsynaptic protein scaffold condensates, such that these condensates are clustered by binding of presynaptic teneurin and FLRT ligands to LPHN3. Moreover, neuronal activity promotes alternative splicing of the synaptogenic Gαs-coupled variant of LPHN3. Together, these data suggest that activity-dependent alternative splicing of a key synaptic adhesion molecule controls synapse formation by parallel activation of two convergent pathways: Gαs signalling and clustered phase separation of postsynaptic protein scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Chelsea DeLeon
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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8
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Kocak DD, Roth BL. Examining psychedelic drug action. Nat Chem 2024; 16:142. [PMID: 38182766 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- D Dewran Kocak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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9
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Gumpper RH, Roth BL. Psychedelics: preclinical insights provide directions for future research. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:119-127. [PMID: 36932180 PMCID: PMC10700551 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, psychedelics have emerged as promising therapeutics for numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. While their potential in the clinic has yet to be fully elucidated, understanding their molecular and biological mechanisms is imperative as these compounds are becoming widely used both in therapeutic and recreational contexts. This review examines the current understanding of basic biology, pharmacology, and structural biology in an attempt to reveal both the knowns and unknowns within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
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10
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Gahbauer S, DeLeon C, Braz JM, Craik V, Kang HJ, Wan X, Huang XP, Billesbølle CB, Liu Y, Che T, Deshpande I, Jewell M, Fink EA, Kondratov IS, Moroz YS, Irwin JJ, Basbaum AI, Roth BL, Shoichet BK. Docking for EP4R antagonists active against inflammatory pain. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8067. [PMID: 38057319 PMCID: PMC10700596 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) mediates inflammatory pain by activating G protein-coupled receptors, including the prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4R). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce nociception by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, however, the disruption of upstream prostanoid biosynthesis can lead to pleiotropic effects including gastrointestinal bleeding and cardiac complications. In contrast, by acting downstream, EP4R antagonists may act specifically as anti-inflammatory agents and, to date, no selective EP4R antagonists have been approved for human use. In this work, seeking to diversify EP4R antagonist scaffolds, we computationally dock over 400 million compounds against an EP4R crystal structure and experimentally validate 71 highly ranked, de novo synthesized molecules. Further, we show how structure-based optimization of initial docking hits identifies a potent and selective antagonist with 16 nanomolar potency. Finally, we demonstrate favorable pharmacokinetics for the discovered compound as well as anti-allodynic and anti-inflammatory activity in several preclinical pain models in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Gahbauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Chelsea DeLeon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Joao M Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Veronica Craik
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Christian B Billesbølle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ishan Deshpande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Madison Jewell
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Elissa A Fink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Ivan S Kondratov
- Enamine Ltd., Kyiv, Ukraine
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yurii S Moroz
- Chemspace LLC, Kyiv, Ukraine
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - John J Irwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Allan I Basbaum
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Opioids are used for pain management despite the side effects that contribute to the opioid crisis. The pursuit of non-addictive opioid analgesics remains unattained due to the unresolved intricacies of opioid actions, receptor signaling cascades, and neuronal plasticity. Advancements in structural, molecular, and computational tools illuminate the dynamic interplay between opioids and opioid receptors, as well as the molecular determinants of signaling pathways, which are potentially interlinked with pharmacological responses. Here, we review the molecular basis of opioid receptor signaling with a focus on the structures of opioid receptors bound to endogenous peptides or pharmacological agents. These insights unveil specific interactions that dictate ligand selectivity and likely their distinctive pharmacological profiles. Biochemical analysis further unveils molecular features governing opioid receptor signaling. Simultaneously, the synergy between computational biology and medicinal chemistry continues to expedite the discovery of novel chemotypes with the promise of yielding more efficacious and safer opioid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Che
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599, NC, USA.
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12
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Krumm BE, Roth BL. CryoEM structures of adhesion in GPCR CD97: Filling in some of the gaps. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1327-1329. [PMID: 37977125 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
CD97 (ADGRE5) is an adhesion GPCR (aGPCR) that plays crucial roles in the immune system and cancer. In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Wang et al.1 present the cryoEM structures of CD97 in complex with G13, Gq, and Gs G protein subtypes, revealing in-depth insight into aGPCR activation and G protein selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA; National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA.
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13
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Eastman RT, Rusinova R, Herold KF, Huang XP, Dranchak P, Voss TC, Rana S, Shrimp JH, White AD, Hemmings HC, Roth BL, Inglese J, Andersen OS, Dahlin JL. Nonspecific membrane bilayer perturbations by ivermectin underlie SARS-CoV-2 in vitro activity. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.23.563088. [PMID: 37961094 PMCID: PMC10634736 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.23.563088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Since it was proposed as a potential host-directed antiviral agent for SARS-CoV-2, the antiparasitic drug ivermectin has been investigated thoroughly in clinical trials, which have provided insufficient support for its clinical efficacy. To examine the potential for ivermectin to be repurposed as an antiviral agent, we therefore undertook a series of preclinical studies. Consistent with early reports, ivermectin decreased SARS-CoV-2 viral burden in in vitro models at low micromolar concentrations, five- to ten-fold higher than the reported toxic clinical concentration. At similar concentrations, ivermectin also decreased cell viability and increased biomarkers of cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Further mechanistic and profiling studies revealed that ivermectin nonspecifically perturbs membrane bilayers at the same concentrations where it decreases the SARS-CoV-2 viral burden, resulting in nonspecific modulation of membrane-based targets such as G-protein coupled receptors and ion channels. These results suggest that a primary molecular mechanism for the in vitro antiviral activity of ivermectin may be nonspecific membrane perturbation, indicating that ivermectin is unlikely to be translatable into a safe and effective antiviral agent. These results and experimental workflow provide a useful paradigm for performing preclinical studies on (pandemic-related) drug repurposing candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard T. Eastman
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Radda Rusinova
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl F. Herold
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patricia Dranchak
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ty C. Voss
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sandeep Rana
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan H. Shrimp
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Alex D. White
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hugh C. Hemmings
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James Inglese
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Olaf S. Andersen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jayme L. Dahlin
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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14
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Pogorelov VM, Rodriguiz RM, Roth BL, Wetsel WC. The G protein biased serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist lisuride exerts anti-depressant drug-like activities in mice. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1233743. [PMID: 37900918 PMCID: PMC10603247 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1233743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
There is now evidence from multiple Phase II clinical trials that psychedelic drugs can exert long-lasting anxiolytic, anti-depressant, and anti-drug abuse (nicotine and ethanol) effects in patients. Despite these benefits, the hallucinogenic actions of these drugs at the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) limit their clinical use in diverse settings. Activation of the 5-HT2AR can stimulate both G protein and β-arrestin (βArr) -mediated signaling. Lisuride is a G protein biased agonist at the 5-HT2AR and, unlike the structurally-related lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the drug does not typically produce hallucinations in normal subjects at routine doses. Here, we examined behavioral responses to lisuride, in wild-type (WT), βArr1-knockout (KO), and βArr2-KO mice. In the open field, lisuride reduced locomotor and rearing activities, but produced a U-shaped function for stereotypies in both βArr lines of mice. Locomotion was decreased overall in βArr1-KOs and βArr2-KOs relative to wild-type controls. Incidences of head twitches and retrograde walking to lisuride were low in all genotypes. Grooming was decreased in βArr1 mice, but was increased then decreased in βArr2 animals with lisuride. Serotonin syndrome-associated responses were present at all lisuride doses in WTs, but they were reduced especially in βArr2-KO mice. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) was unaffected in βArr2 mice, whereas 0.5 mg/kg lisuride disrupted PPI in βArr1 animals. The 5-HT2AR antagonist MDL100907 failed to restore PPI in βArr1 mice, whereas the dopamine D2/D3 antagonist raclopride normalized PPI in WTs but not in βArr1-KOs. Clozapine, SCH23390, and GR127935 restored PPI in both βArr1 genotypes. Using vesicular monoamine transporter 2 mice, lisuride reduced immobility times in tail suspension and promoted a preference for sucrose that lasted up to 2 days. Together, it appears βArr1 and βArr2 play minor roles in lisuride's actions on many behaviors, while this drug exerts anti-depressant drug-like responses without hallucinogenic-like activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir M. Pogorelov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ramona M. Rodriguiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - William C. Wetsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
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15
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Valentine MS, Bender AM, Shay S, Paffenroth KC, Gladson S, Dickerson JW, Watson KJ, Kapolka NJ, Boutaud O, Rook JM, Blackwell TS, Roth BL, Harrison FE, Austin ED, West JD, Lindsley CW, Merryman WD. Development of a Peripherally Restricted 5-HT 2B Partial Agonist for Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1379-1388. [PMID: 38094686 PMCID: PMC10714182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Ligands for the serotonin 2B receptor (5-HT2B) have shown potential to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in preclinical models but cannot be used in humans because of predicted off-target neurological effects. The aim of this study was to develop novel systemically restricted compounds targeting 5-HT2B. Here, we show that mice treated with VU6047534 had decreased RVSP compared with control treatment in both the prevention and intervention studies using Sugen-hypoxia. VU6047534 is a novel 5-HT2B partial agonist that is peripherally restricted and able to both prevent and treat Sugen-hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. We have synthesized and characterized a structurally novel series of 5-HT2B ligands with high potency and selectivity for the 5-HT2B receptor subtype. Next-generation 5-HT2B ligands with similar characteristics, and predicted to be systemically restricted in humans, are currently advancing to investigational new drug-enabling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Valentine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aaron M. Bender
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sheila Shay
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Santhi Gladson
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan W. Dickerson
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Katherine J. Watson
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Kapolka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Olivier Boutaud
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jerri M. Rook
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Timothy S. Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fiona E. Harrison
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Eric D. Austin
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James D. West
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - W. David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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16
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Chiu YT, Deutch AY, Wang W, Schmitz GP, Huang KL, Kocak DD, Llorach P, Bowyer K, Liu B, Sciaky N, Hua K, Chen C, Mott SE, Niehaus J, DiBerto JF, English J, Walsh JJ, Scherrer G, Herman MA, Wu Z, Wetsel WC, Roth BL. A suite of engineered mice for interrogating psychedelic drug actions. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.25.559347. [PMID: 37808655 PMCID: PMC10557740 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.25.559347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin have emerged as potentially transformative therapeutics for many neuropsychiatric diseases, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, migraine, and cluster headaches. LSD and psilocybin exert their psychedelic effects via activation of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (HTR2A). Here we provide a suite of engineered mice useful for clarifying the role of HTR2A and HTR2A-expressing neurons in psychedelic drug actions. We first generated Htr2a-EGFP-CT-IRES-CreERT2 mice (CT:C-terminus) to independently identify both HTR2A-EGFP-CT receptors and HTR2A-containing cells thereby providing a detailed anatomical map of HTR2A and identifying cell types that express HTR2A. We also generated a humanized Htr2a mouse line and an additional constitutive Htr2A-Cre mouse line. Psychedelics induced a variety of known behavioral changes in our mice validating their utility for behavioral studies. Finally, electrophysiology studies revealed that extracellular 5-HT elicited a HTR2A-mediated robust increase in firing of genetically-identified pyramidal neurons--consistent with a plasma membrane localization and mode of action. These mouse lines represent invaluable tools for elucidating the molecular, cellular, pharmacological, physiological, behavioral, and other actions of psychedelic drugs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Chiu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ariel Y. Deutch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Appel Alzheimer’s Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10021, USA
| | - Gavin P Schmitz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karen Lu Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - D. Dewran Kocak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pierre Llorach
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kasey Bowyer
- Appel Alzheimer’s Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10021, USA
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Noah Sciaky
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kunjie Hua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chongguang Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sarah E. Mott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jesse Niehaus
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jeffrey F. DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Justin English
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jessica J. Walsh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Grégory Scherrer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- New York Stem Cell Foundation ‒ Robertson Investigator, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Melissa A Herman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Appel Alzheimer’s Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10021, USA
| | - William C Wetsel
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Cell Biology, and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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17
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Zhang S, Roth BL. Sensing unsaturated fatty acids: insights from GPR120 signaling. Cell Res 2023; 33:657-658. [PMID: 37142674 PMCID: PMC10474016 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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18
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Salas-Estrada L, Provasi D, Qiu X, Kaniskan HÜ, Huang XP, DiBerto JF, Lamim Ribeiro JM, Jin J, Roth BL, Filizola M. De Novo Design of κ-Opioid Receptor Antagonists Using a Generative Deep-Learning Framework. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:5056-5065. [PMID: 37555591 PMCID: PMC10466374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Likely effective pharmacological interventions for the treatment of opioid addiction include attempts to attenuate brain reward deficits during periods of abstinence. Pharmacological blockade of the κ-opioid receptor (KOR) has been shown to abolish brain reward deficits in rodents during withdrawal, as well as to reduce the escalation of opioid use in rats with extended access to opioids. Although KOR antagonists represent promising candidates for the treatment of opioid addiction, very few potent selective KOR antagonists are known to date and most of them exhibit significant safety concerns. Here, we used a generative deep-learning framework for the de novo design of chemotypes with putative KOR antagonistic activity. Molecules generated by models trained with this framework were prioritized for chemical synthesis based on their predicted optimal interactions with the receptor. Our models and proposed training protocol were experimentally validated by binding and functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Salas-Estrada
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Davide Provasi
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Xing Qiu
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Husnu Ümit Kaniskan
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- National
Institute of Mental Health, Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Department
of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina
School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jeffrey F. DiBerto
- National
Institute of Mental Health, Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Department
of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina
School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - João Marcelo Lamim Ribeiro
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Jian Jin
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
- Mount
Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Oncological
Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- National
Institute of Mental Health, Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Department
of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina
School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Marta Filizola
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
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19
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Kapolka NJ, Roth BL. Built-in functional selectivity in neurons is mediated by the neuronal protein, GINIP. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2392-2394. [PMID: 37478823 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In this issue of Molecular Cell, Park et al.1 comprehensively profile how neurons utilize the Gα inhibitory interacting protein, GINIP, to modulate neurotransmission at a systems level through bias of downstream G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Kapolka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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20
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Lee YY, Guler M, Chigumba DN, Wang S, Mittal N, Miller C, Krummenacher B, Liu H, Cao L, Kannan A, Narayan K, Slocum ST, Roth BL, Gurevich A, Behsaz B, Kersten RD, Mohimani H. HypoRiPPAtlas as an Atlas of hypothetical natural products for mass spectrometry database search. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4219. [PMID: 37452020 PMCID: PMC10349150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent analyses of public microbial genomes have found over a million biosynthetic gene clusters, the natural products of the majority of which remain unknown. Additionally, GNPS harbors billions of mass spectra of natural products without known structures and biosynthetic genes. We bridge the gap between large-scale genome mining and mass spectral datasets for natural product discovery by developing HypoRiPPAtlas, an Atlas of hypothetical natural product structures, which is ready-to-use for in silico database search of tandem mass spectra. HypoRiPPAtlas is constructed by mining genomes using seq2ripp, a machine-learning tool for the prediction of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). In HypoRiPPAtlas, we identify RiPPs in microbes and plants. HypoRiPPAtlas could be extended to other natural product classes in the future by implementing corresponding biosynthetic logic. This study paves the way for large-scale explorations of biosynthetic pathways and chemical structures of microbial and plant RiPP classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yuan Lee
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Mustafa Guler
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Desnor N Chigumba
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shen Wang
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Neel Mittal
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | | | | | - Haodong Liu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Liu Cao
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Aditya Kannan
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | | | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexey Gurevich
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bahar Behsaz
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Roland D Kersten
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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21
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Schmitz GP, Roth BL. G protein-coupled receptors as targets for transformative neuropsychiatric therapeutics. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C17-C28. [PMID: 37067459 PMCID: PMC10281788 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00397.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of druggable genes in the human genome. Even though perhaps 30% of approved medications target GPCRs, they interact with only a small number of them. Here, we consider whether there might be new opportunities for transformative therapeutics for neuropsychiatric disorders by specifically targeting both known and understudied GPCRs. Using psychedelic drugs that target serotonin receptors as an example, we show how recent insights into the structure, function, signaling, and cell biology of these receptors have led to potentially novel therapeutics. We next focus on the possibility that nonpsychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonists might prove to be safe and rapidly acting antidepressants. Finally, we examine understudied and orphan GPCRs using the MRGPR family of receptors as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin P Schmitz
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, UNC Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
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22
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Pogorelov VM, Rodriguiz RM, Roth BL, Wetsel WC. The G protein biased serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor agonist lisuride exerts anti-depressant drug-like activities in mice. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.01.543310. [PMID: 37333376 PMCID: PMC10274653 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.01.543310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
There is now evidence from multiple Phase II clinical trials that psychedelic drugs can exert longlasting anxiolytic, anti-depressant, and anti-drug abuse (nicotine and ethanol) effects in patients. Despite these benefits, the hallucinogenic actions of these drugs at the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) limit their clinical use in diverse settings. Activation of the 5-HT2AR can stimulate both G protein and β-arrestin (βArr) -mediated signaling. Lisuride is a G protein biased agonist at the 5-HT2AR and, unlike the structurally-related LSD, the drug does not typically produce hallucinations in normal subjects at routine doses. Here, we examined behavioral responses to lisuride, in wild-type (WT), βArr1-KO, and βArr2-KO mice. In the open field, lisuride reduced locomotor and rearing activities, but produced a U-shaped function for stereotypies in both βArr lines of mice. Locomotion was decreased overall in βArr1-KOs and βArr2-KOs, relative to WT controls. Incidences of head twitches and retrograde walking to lisuride were low in all genotypes. Grooming was depressed in βArr1 mice, but was increased then decreased in βArr2 animals with lisuride. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) was unaffected in βArr2 mice, whereas 0.5 mg/kg lisuride disrupted PPI in βArr1 animals. The 5-HT2AR antagonist MDL100907 failed to restore PPI in βArr1 mice, whereas the dopamine D2/D3 antagonist raclopride normalized PPI in WTs but not in βArr1-KOs. Using vesicular monoamine transporter 2 mice, lisuride reduced immobility times in tail suspension and promoted a preference for sucrose that lasted up to 2 days. Together, it appears βArr1 and βArr2 play minor roles in lisuride's actions on many behaviors, while this drug exerts anti-depressant drug-like responses without hallucinogenic-like activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir M. Pogorelov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ramona M. Rodriguiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William C. Wetsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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23
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Zhang D, Liu Y, Zaidi SA, Xu L, Zhan Y, Chen A, Guo J, Huang X, Roth BL, Katritch V, Cherezov V, Zhang H. Structural insights into angiotensin receptor signaling modulation by balanced and biased agonists. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112940. [PMID: 37038975 PMCID: PMC10233375 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The peptide hormone angiotensin II regulates blood pressure mainly through the type 1 angiotensin II receptor AT1 R and its downstream signaling proteins Gq and β-arrestin. AT1 R blockers, clinically used as antihypertensive drugs, inhibit both signaling pathways, whereas AT1 R β-arrestin-biased agonists have shown great potential for the treatment of acute heart failure. Here, we present a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human AT1 R in complex with a balanced agonist, Sar1 -AngII, and Gq protein at 2.9 Å resolution. This structure, together with extensive functional assays and computational modeling, reveals the molecular mechanisms for AT1 R signaling modulation and suggests that a major hydrogen bond network (MHN) inside the receptor serves as a key regulator of AT1 R signal transduction from the ligand-binding pocket to both Gq and β-arrestin pathways. Specifically, we found that the MHN mutations N1113.35 A and N2947.45 A induce biased signaling to Gq and β-arrestin, respectively. These insights should facilitate AT1 R structure-based drug discovery for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP)University of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Saheem A Zaidi
- Department of Quantitative and Computational BiologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Lingyi Xu
- Department of BiophysicsZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yuting Zhan
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Anqi Chen
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiangtao Guo
- Department of BiophysicsZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xi‐Ping Huang
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP)University of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP)University of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal ChemistryUniversity of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Quantitative and Computational BiologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Vadim Cherezov
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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24
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Xu P, Huang S, Krumm BE, Zhuang Y, Mao C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huang XP, Liu YF, He X, Li H, Yin W, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Roth BL, Xu HE. Structural genomics of the human dopamine receptor system. Cell Res 2023:10.1038/s41422-023-00808-0. [PMID: 37221270 PMCID: PMC10397222 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system, including five dopamine receptors (D1R to D5R), plays essential roles in the central nervous system (CNS); and ligands that activate dopamine receptors have been used to treat many neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's Disease (PD) and schizophrenia. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of all five subtypes of human dopamine receptors in complex with G protein and bound to the pan-agonist, rotigotine, which is used to treat PD and restless legs syndrome. The structures reveal the basis of rotigotine recognition in different dopamine receptors. Structural analysis together with functional assays illuminate determinants of ligand polypharmacology and selectivity. The structures also uncover the mechanisms of dopamine receptor activation, unique structural features among the five receptor subtypes, and the basis of G protein coupling specificity. Our work provides a comprehensive set of structural templates for the rational design of specific ligands to treat CNS diseases targeting the dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Youwen Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyou Mao
- Center for Structural Pharmacology and Therapeutics Development, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yumu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yong-Feng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xinheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huadong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Structural Pharmacology and Therapeutics Development, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - H Eric Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Singh I, Seth A, Billesbølle CB, Braz J, Rodriguiz RM, Roy K, Bekele B, Craik V, Huang XP, Boytsov D, Pogorelov VM, Lak P, O'Donnell H, Sandtner W, Irwin JJ, Roth BL, Basbaum AI, Wetsel WC, Manglik A, Shoichet BK, Rudnick G. Structure-based discovery of conformationally selective inhibitors of the serotonin transporter. Cell 2023; 186:2160-2175.e17. [PMID: 37137306 PMCID: PMC10306110 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (SERT) removes synaptic serotonin and is the target of anti-depressant drugs. SERT adopts three conformations: outward-open, occluded, and inward-open. All known inhibitors target the outward-open state except ibogaine, which has unusual anti-depressant and substance-withdrawal effects, and stabilizes the inward-open conformation. Unfortunately, ibogaine's promiscuity and cardiotoxicity limit the understanding of inward-open state ligands. We docked over 200 million small molecules against the inward-open state of the SERT. Thirty-six top-ranking compounds were synthesized, and thirteen inhibited; further structure-based optimization led to the selection of two potent (low nanomolar) inhibitors. These stabilized an outward-closed state of the SERT with little activity against common off-targets. A cryo-EM structure of one of these bound to the SERT confirmed the predicted geometry. In mouse behavioral assays, both compounds had anxiolytic- and anti-depressant-like activity, with potencies up to 200-fold better than fluoxetine (Prozac), and one substantially reversed morphine withdrawal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St., Byers Hall Suite 508D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anubha Seth
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
| | - Christian B Billesbølle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St., Byers Hall Suite 508D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Joao Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ramona M Rodriguiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kasturi Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
| | - Bethlehem Bekele
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
| | - Veronica Craik
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Danila Boytsov
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir M Pogorelov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Parnian Lak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St., Byers Hall Suite 508D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Henry O'Donnell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St., Byers Hall Suite 508D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Walter Sandtner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - John J Irwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St., Byers Hall Suite 508D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Allan I Basbaum
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - William C Wetsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Aashish Manglik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St., Byers Hall Suite 508D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St., Byers Hall Suite 508D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Gary Rudnick
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA.
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26
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Roth BL, Gumpper RH. Psychedelics as Transformative Therapeutics. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:340-347. [PMID: 37122272 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, psychedelic compounds have emerged as potentially transformative therapeutics for a variety of intractable neuropsychiatric conditions. However, historically most of the basic science has utilized these compounds as probes to interrogate various endogenous neurotransmitter systems-mainly the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. With the renewed interest in utilizing these compounds as therapeutics and the explosion in clinical trials, psychedelics have been purported to treat many neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, cluster headaches, migraines, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is therefore imperative to understand the biology and pharmacology behind their therapeutic mechanisms as well as expose any potential pitfalls in their widespread use as treatments. This review covers the latest advances in understanding the biological mechanisms, the newest efforts in drug discovery, and potential pitfalls when it comes to utilizing this class of compounds as emerging therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
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27
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Salas-Estrada L, Provasi D, Qui X, Kaniskan HÜ, Huang XP, DiBerto JF, Ribeiro JML, Jin J, Roth BL, Filizola M. De Novo Design of κ-Opioid Receptor Antagonists Using a Generative Deep Learning Framework. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.25.537995. [PMID: 37162828 PMCID: PMC10168226 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.25.537995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Likely effective pharmacological interventions for the treatment of opioid addiction include attempts to attenuate brain reward deficits during periods of abstinence. Pharmacological blockade of the κ-opioid receptor (KOR) has been shown to abolish brain reward deficits in rodents during withdrawal, as well as to reduce the escalation of opioid use in rats with extended access to opioids. Although KOR antagonists represent promising candidates for the treatment of opioid addiction, very few potent selective KOR antagonists are known to date and most of them exhibit significant safety concerns. Here, we used a generative deep learning framework for the de novo design of chemotypes with putative KOR antagonistic activity. Molecules generated by models trained with this framework were prioritized for chemical synthesis based on their predicted optimal interactions with the receptor. Our models and proposed training protocol were experimentally validated by binding and functional assays.
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28
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Zhong X, Li Q, Polacco BJ, Patil T, DiBerto JF, Vartak R, Xu J, Marley A, Foussard H, Roth BL, Eckhardt M, Von Zastrow M, Krogan NJ, Hüttenhain R. An automated proximity proteomics pipeline for subcellular proteome and protein interaction mapping. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.11.536358. [PMID: 37090610 PMCID: PMC10120663 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.11.536358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Proximity labeling (PL) coupled with mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful technique to map proximal protein interactions in living cells. Large-scale sample processing for proximity proteomics necessitates a high-throughput workflow to reduce hands-on time and increase quantitative reproducibility. To address this issue, we developed a scalable and automated PL pipeline, including generation and characterization of monoclonal cell lines, automated enrichment of biotinylated proteins in a 96-well format, and optimization of the quantitative mass spectrometry (MS) acquisition method. Combined with data-independent acquisition (DIA) MS, our pipeline outperforms manual enrichment and data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS regarding reproducibility of protein identification and quantification. We apply the pipeline to map subcellular proteomes for endosomes, late endosomes/lysosomes, the Golgi apparatus, and the plasma membrane. Moreover, using serotonin receptor (5HT2A) as a model, we investigated agonist-induced dynamics in protein-protein interactions. Importantly, the approach presented here is universally applicable for PL proteomics using all biotinylation-based PL enzymes, increasing both throughput and reproducibility of standard protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhong
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Benjamin J Polacco
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Trupti Patil
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rasika Vartak
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jiewei Xu
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Aaron Marley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Helene Foussard
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Manon Eckhardt
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Mark Von Zastrow
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ruth Hüttenhain
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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29
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Krumm BE, DiBerto JF, Olsen RHJ, Kang HJ, Slocum ST, Zhang S, Strachan RT, Huang XP, Slosky LM, Pinkerton AB, Barak LS, Caron MG, Kenakin T, Fay JF, Roth BL. Neurotensin Receptor Allosterism Revealed in Complex with a Biased Allosteric Modulator. Biochemistry 2023; 62:1233-1248. [PMID: 36917754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The NTSR1 neurotensin receptor (NTSR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) found in the brain and peripheral tissues with neurotensin (NTS) being its endogenous peptide ligand. In the brain, NTS modulates dopamine neuronal activity, induces opioid-independent analgesia, and regulates food intake. Recent studies indicate that biasing NTSR1 toward β-arrestin signaling can attenuate the actions of psychostimulants and other drugs of abuse. Here, we provide the cryoEM structures of NTSR1 ternary complexes with heterotrimeric Gq and GoA with and without the brain-penetrant small-molecule SBI-553. In functional studies, we discovered that SBI-553 displays complex allosteric actions exemplified by negative allosteric modulation for G proteins that are Gα subunit selective and positive allosteric modulation and agonism for β-arrestin translocation at NTSR1. Detailed structural analysis of the allosteric binding site illuminated the structural determinants for biased allosteric modulation of SBI-553 on NTSR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Reid H J Olsen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Ryan T Strachan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Lauren M Slosky
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Anthony B Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lawrence S Barak
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Marc G Caron
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
- Departments of Medicine and Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Terry Kenakin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Jonathan F Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360, United States
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30
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Liu Y, Cao C, Huang XP, Gumpper RH, Rachman MM, Shih SL, Krumm BE, Zhang S, Shoichet BK, Fay JF, Roth BL. Ligand recognition and allosteric modulation of the human MRGPRX1 receptor. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:416-422. [PMID: 36302898 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The human MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor X1 (MRGPRX1) is preferentially expressed in the small-diameter primary sensory neurons and involved in the mediation of nociception and pruritus. Central activation of MRGPRX1 by the endogenous opioid peptide fragment BAM8-22 and its positive allosteric modulator ML382 has been shown to effectively inhibit persistent pain, making MRGPRX1 a promising target for non-opioid pain treatment. However, the activation mechanism of MRGPRX1 is still largely unknown. Here we report three high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy structures of MRGPRX1-Gαq in complex with BAM8-22 alone, with BAM8-22 and ML382 simultaneously as well as with a synthetic agonist compound-16. These structures reveal the agonist binding mode for MRGPRX1 and illuminate the structural requirements for positive allosteric modulation. Collectively, our findings provide a molecular understanding of the activation and allosteric modulation of the MRGPRX1 receptor, which could facilitate the structure-based design of non-opioid pain-relieving drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Can Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Moira M Rachman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sheng-Luen Shih
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan F Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Abstract
Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor (MRGPR) family members play important roles in the sensation of noxious stimuli and represent novel targets for the treatment of itch and pain. MRGPRs recognize a diversity of agonists and display complicated downstream signaling profiles, high sequence diversity across species, and many polymorphisms in humans. The recent structural advances on MRGPRs reveal unique structural features and diverse agonist recognition modes of this receptor family, which should facilitate the structure-based drug discovery at MRGPRs. In addition, the newly discovered ligands also provide valuable tools to explore the function and the therapeutic potential of MRGPRs. In this review, we discuss these progresses in our understanding of MRGPRs and highlight the challenges and potential opportunities for the future drug discovery at these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eschelman School of Pharmacy and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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32
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Yang Y, Kang HJ, Gao R, Wang J, Han GW, DiBerto JF, Wu L, Tong J, Qu L, Wu Y, Pileski R, Li X, Zhang XC, Zhao S, Kenakin T, Wang Q, Stevens RC, Peng W, Roth BL, Rao Z, Liu ZJ. Structural insights into the human niacin receptor HCA2-G i signalling complex. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1692. [PMID: 36973264 PMCID: PMC10043007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2) agonist niacin has been used as treatment for dyslipidemia for several decades albeit with skin flushing as a common side-effect in treated individuals. Extensive efforts have been made to identify HCA2 targeting lipid lowering agents with fewer adverse effects, despite little being known about the molecular basis of HCA2 mediated signalling. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the HCA2-Gi signalling complex with the potent agonist MK-6892, along with crystal structures of HCA2 in inactive state. These structures, together with comprehensive pharmacological analysis, reveal the ligand binding mode and activation and signalling mechanisms of HCA2. This study elucidates the structural determinants essential for HCA2 mediated signalling and provides insights into ligand discovery for HCA2 and related receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ruogu Gao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Gye Won Han
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Lijie Wu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Lu Qu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yiran Wu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ryan Pileski
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xuemei Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuejun Cai Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Suwen Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Terry Kenakin
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Quan Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | | | - Wei Peng
- Innovation Center for Pathogen Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, China.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
| | - Zihe Rao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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33
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Hewitt N, Ma N, Arang N, Martin SA, Prakash A, DiBerto JF, Knight KM, Ghosh S, Olsen RHJ, Roth BL, Gutkind JS, Vaidehi N, Campbell SL, Dohlman HG. Catalytic site mutations confer multiple states of G protein activation. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabq7842. [PMID: 36787384 PMCID: PMC10021883 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abq7842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) that function as molecular switches for cellular growth and metabolism are activated by GTP and inactivated by GTP hydrolysis. In uveal melanoma, a conserved glutamine residue critical for GTP hydrolysis in the G protein α subunit is often mutated in Gαq or Gα11 to either leucine or proline. In contrast, other glutamine mutations or mutations in other Gα subtypes are rare. To uncover the mechanism of the genetic selection and the functional role of this glutamine residue, we analyzed all possible substitutions of this residue in multiple Gα isoforms. Through cell-based measurements of activity, we showed that some mutants were further activated and inactivated by G protein-coupled receptors. Through biochemical, molecular dynamics, and nuclear magnetic resonance-based structural studies, we showed that the Gα mutants were functionally distinct and conformationally diverse, despite their shared inability to hydrolyze GTP. Thus, the catalytic glutamine residue contributes to functions beyond GTP hydrolysis, and these functions include subtype-specific, allosteric modulation of receptor-mediated subunit dissociation. We conclude that G proteins do not function as simple on-off switches. Rather, signaling emerges from an ensemble of active states, a subset of which are favored in disease and may be uniquely responsive to receptor-directed ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Hewitt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Nadia Arang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sarah A. Martin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jeffrey F. DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kevin M. Knight
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Soumadwip Ghosh
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Current address: Illumina Inc, 5200 Illumina Way, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Reid H. J. Olsen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Current address: GPCR Pharmacology, Discovery Biology, Exscientia Ai, Oxford, UK OX4 4GE
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nagarajan Vaidehi
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sharon L. Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Henrik G. Dohlman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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34
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Wang Y, Zhuang Y, DiBerto JF, Zhou XE, Schmitz GP, Yuan Q, Jain MK, Liu W, Melcher K, Jiang Y, Roth BL, Xu HE. Structures of the entire human opioid receptor family. Cell 2023; 186:413-427.e17. [PMID: 36638794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are effective analgesics, but their use is beset by serious side effects, including addiction and respiratory depression, which contribute to the ongoing opioid crisis. The human opioid system contains four opioid receptors (μOR, δOR, κOR, and NOPR) and a set of related endogenous opioid peptides (EOPs), which show distinct selectivity toward their respective opioid receptors (ORs). Despite being key to the development of safer analgesics, the mechanisms of molecular recognition and selectivity of EOPs to ORs remain unclear. Here, we systematically characterize the binding of EOPs to ORs and present five structures of EOP-OR-Gi complexes, including β-endorphin- and endomorphin-bound μOR, deltorphin-bound δOR, dynorphin-bound κOR, and nociceptin-bound NOPR. These structures, supported by biochemical results, uncover the specific recognition and selectivity of opioid peptides and the conserved mechanism of opioid receptor activation. These results provide a structural framework to facilitate rational design of safer opioid drugs for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youwen Zhuang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - X Edward Zhou
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Gavin P Schmitz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Qingning Yuan
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Weiyi Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Karsten Melcher
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Yi Jiang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - H Eric Xu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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35
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Faouzi A, Wang H, Zaidi SA, DiBerto JF, Che T, Qu Q, Robertson MJ, Madasu MK, El Daibani A, Varga BR, Zhang T, Ruiz C, Liu S, Xu J, Appourchaux K, Slocum ST, Eans SO, Cameron MD, Al-Hasani R, Pan YX, Roth BL, McLaughlin JP, Skiniotis G, Katritch V, Kobilka BK, Majumdar S. Structure-based design of bitopic ligands for the µ-opioid receptor. Nature 2023; 613:767-774. [PMID: 36450356 PMCID: PMC10328120 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mu-opioid receptor (µOR) agonists such as fentanyl have long been used for pain management, but are considered a major public health concern owing to their adverse side effects, including lethal overdose1. Here, in an effort to design safer therapeutic agents, we report an approach targeting a conserved sodium ion-binding site2 found in µOR3 and many other class A G-protein-coupled receptors with bitopic fentanyl derivatives that are functionalized via a linker with a positively charged guanidino group. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the most potent bitopic ligands in complex with µOR highlight the key interactions between the guanidine of the ligands and the key Asp2.50 residue in the Na+ site. Two bitopics (C5 and C6 guano) maintain nanomolar potency and high efficacy at Gi subtypes and show strongly reduced arrestin recruitment-one (C6 guano) also shows the lowest Gz efficacy among the panel of µOR agonists, including partial and biased morphinan and fentanyl analogues. In mice, C6 guano displayed µOR-dependent antinociception with attenuated adverse effects, supporting the µOR sodium ion-binding site as a potential target for the design of safer analgesics. In general, our study suggests that bitopic ligands that engage the sodium ion-binding pocket in class A G-protein-coupled receptors can be designed to control their efficacy and functional selectivity profiles for Gi, Go and Gz subtypes and arrestins, thus modulating their in vivo pharmacology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mice
- Analgesics, Opioid/chemistry
- Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism
- Arrestins/metabolism
- Cryoelectron Microscopy
- Fentanyl/analogs & derivatives
- Fentanyl/chemistry
- Fentanyl/metabolism
- Ligands
- Morphinans/chemistry
- Morphinans/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/ultrastructure
- Binding Sites
- Nociception
- Drug Design
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah Faouzi
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Haoqing Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Saheem A Zaidi
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute and Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tao Che
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qianhui Qu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Robertson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manish K Madasu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amal El Daibani
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Balazs R Varga
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tiffany Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claudia Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Kevin Appourchaux
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shainnel O Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Ream Al-Hasani
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ying Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jay P McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute and Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Brian K Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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36
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Zhang S, Gumpper RH, Huang XP, Liu Y, Krumm BE, Cao C, Fay JF, Roth BL. Molecular basis for selective activation of DREADD-based chemogenetics. Nature 2022; 612:354-362. [PMID: 36450989 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) represent a powerful chemogenetic technology for the remote control of neuronal activity and cellular signalling1-4. The muscarinic receptor-based DREADDs are the most widely used chemogenetic tools in neuroscience research. The Gq-coupled DREADD (hM3Dq) is used to enhance neuronal activity, whereas the Gi/o-coupled DREADD (hM4Di) is utilized to inhibit neuronal activity5. Here we report four DREADD-related cryogenic electron microscopy high-resolution structures: a hM3Dq-miniGq complex and a hM4Di-miniGo complex bound to deschloroclozapine; a hM3Dq-miniGq complex bound to clozapine-N-oxide; and a hM3R-miniGq complex bound to iperoxo. Complemented with mutagenesis, functional and computational simulation data, our structures reveal key details of the recognition of DREADD chemogenetic actuators and the molecular basis for activation. These findings should accelerate the structure-guided discovery of next-generation chemogenetic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Can Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan F Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Abstract
Psychedelics are serotonin 2A receptor agonists that can lead to profound changes in perception, cognition and mood. In this review, we focus on the basic neurobiology underlying the action of psychedelic drugs. We first discuss chemistry, highlighting the diversity of psychoactive molecules and the principles that govern their potency and pharmacokinetics. We describe the roles of serotonin receptors and their downstream molecular signaling pathways, emphasizing key elements for drug discovery. We consider the impact of psychedelics on neuronal spiking dynamics in several cortical and subcortical regions, along with transcriptional changes and sustained effects on structural plasticity. Finally, we summarize neuroimaging results that pinpoint effects on association cortices and thalamocortical functional connectivity, which inform current theories of psychedelic action. By synthesizing knowledge across the chemical, molecular, neuronal, and network levels, we hope to provide an integrative perspective on the neural mechanisms responsible for the acute and enduring effects of psychedelics on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C. Kwan
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Correspondence: ; ; ;
| | - David E. Olson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA,Correspondence: ; ; ;
| | - Katrin H. Preller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Correspondence: ; ; ;
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, National Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Correspondence: ; ; ;
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38
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Cao C, Barros-Álvarez X, Zhang S, Kim K, Dämgen MA, Panova O, Suomivuori CM, Fay JF, Zhong X, Krumm BE, Gumpper RH, Seven AB, Robertson MJ, Krogan NJ, Hüttenhain R, Nichols DE, Dror RO, Skiniotis G, Roth BL. Signaling snapshots of a serotonin receptor activated by the prototypical psychedelic LSD. Neuron 2022; 110:3154-3167.e7. [PMID: 36087581 PMCID: PMC9583076 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) 5-HT2-family receptors represent essential targets for lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and all other psychedelic drugs. Although the primary psychedelic drug effects are mediated by the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor (HTR2A), the 5-HT2B serotonin receptor (HTR2B) has been used as a model receptor to study the activation mechanisms of psychedelic drugs due to its high expression and similarity to HTR2A. In this study, we determined the cryo-EM structures of LSD-bound HTR2B in the transducer-free, Gq-protein-coupled, and β-arrestin-1-coupled states. These structures provide distinct signaling snapshots of LSD's action, ranging from the transducer-free, partially active state to the transducer-coupled, fully active states. Insights from this study will both provide comprehensive molecular insights into the signaling mechanisms of the prototypical psychedelic LSD and accelerate the discovery of novel psychedelic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Ximena Barros-Álvarez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Kuglae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Marc A Dämgen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ouliana Panova
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carl-Mikael Suomivuori
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jonathan F Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 7599-7365, USA
| | - Xiaofang Zhong
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Alpay B Seven
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael J Robertson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ruth Hüttenhain
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David E Nichols
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Ron O Dror
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA.
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39
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Kaplan AL, Confair DN, Kim K, Barros-Álvarez X, Rodriguiz RM, Yang Y, Kweon OS, Che T, McCorvy JD, Kamber DN, Phelan JP, Martins LC, Pogorelov VM, DiBerto JF, Slocum ST, Huang XP, Kumar JM, Robertson MJ, Panova O, Seven AB, Wetsel AQ, Wetsel WC, Irwin JJ, Skiniotis G, Shoichet BK, Roth BL, Ellman JA. Bespoke library docking for 5-HT 2A receptor agonists with antidepressant activity. Nature 2022; 610:582-591. [PMID: 36171289 PMCID: PMC9996387 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05258-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in screening ultralarge chemical libraries for ligand discovery, both empirically and computationally1-4. Efforts have focused on readily synthesizable molecules, inevitably leaving many chemotypes unexplored. Here we investigate structure-based docking of a bespoke virtual library of tetrahydropyridines-a scaffold that is poorly sampled by a general billion-molecule virtual library but is well suited to many aminergic G-protein-coupled receptors. Using three inputs, each with diverse available derivatives, a one pot C-H alkenylation, electrocyclization and reduction provides the tetrahydropyridine core with up to six sites of derivatization5-7. Docking a virtual library of 75 million tetrahydropyridines against a model of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) led to the synthesis and testing of 17 initial molecules. Four of these molecules had low-micromolar activities against either the 5-HT2A or the 5-HT2B receptors. Structure-based optimization led to the 5-HT2AR agonists (R)-69 and (R)-70, with half-maximal effective concentration values of 41 nM and 110 nM, respectively, and unusual signalling kinetics that differ from psychedelic 5-HT2AR agonists. Cryo-electron microscopy structural analysis confirmed the predicted binding mode to 5-HT2AR. The favourable physical properties of these new agonists conferred high brain permeability, enabling mouse behavioural assays. Notably, neither had psychedelic activity, in contrast to classic 5-HT2AR agonists, whereas both had potent antidepressant activity in mouse models and had the same efficacy as antidepressants such as fluoxetine at as low as 1/40th of the dose. Prospects for using bespoke virtual libraries to sample pharmacologically relevant chemical space will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Levit Kaplan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Kuglae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ximena Barros-Álvarez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ramona M Rodriguiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Oh Sang Kweon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tao Che
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - David N Kamber
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James P Phelan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Luan Carvalho Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biochemistry Department, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vladimir M Pogorelov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jain Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Robertson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ouliana Panova
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alpay B Seven
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Autumn Q Wetsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William C Wetsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - John J Irwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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40
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Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) signaling is essential for the actions of classical psychedelic drugs. In this study, we examined whether sequence variations in the 5-HT2AR gene affect the signaling of four commonly used psychedelic drugs. We examined the in vitro pharmacology of seven non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which give rise to Ser12Asn, Thr25Asn, Asp48Asn, Ile197Val4.47, Ala230Thr, Ala447Val, and His452Tyr variant 5-HT2A serotonin receptors. We found that these non-synonymous SNPs exert statistically significant, although modest, effects on the efficacy and potency of four therapeutically relevant psychedelics. Significantly, the in vitro pharmacological effects of the SNP drug actions at 5-HT2AR are drug specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin P Schmitz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
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41
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Gumpper RH, Fay JF, Roth BL. Molecular insights into the regulation of constitutive activity by RNA editing of 5HT 2C serotonin receptors. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111211. [PMID: 35977511 PMCID: PMC9422347 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA editing is a process by which post-transcriptional changes of mRNA nucleotides alter protein function through modification of the amino acid content. The 5HT2C serotonin receptor, which undergoes 32 distinct RNA-editing events leading to 24 protein isoforms, is a notable example of this process. These 5HT2C isoforms display differences in constitutive activity, agonist/inverse agonist potencies, and efficacies. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects of RNA editing, we present four active-state 5HT2C-transducer-coupled structures of three representative isoforms (INI, VGV, and VSV) with the selective drug lorcaserin (Belviq) and the classic psychedelic psilocin. We also provide a comprehensive analysis of agonist activation and constitutive activity across all 24 protein isoforms. Collectively, these findings reveal a unique hydrogen-bonding network located on intracellular loop 2 that is subject to RNA editing, which differentially affects GPCR constitutive and agonist signaling activities. It is established that the 5HT2C receptor undergoes RNA editing leading to 24 isoforms. Several isoforms exhibit changes in basal activity and are linked to pathologies. Gumpper et al. have done a systematic structure-function characterization of all the isoforms revealing the underlying mechanisms that govern basal activity of the 5HT2C receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Jonathan F Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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42
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Kapolka NJ, Roth BL. Structural insights from G-protein-coupled receptor complexes enable the rational engineering of improved light-activated designer receptors. Structure 2022; 30:1043-1045. [PMID: 35931057 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Engineered signaling proteins permit precise modulation of cell signaling networks and are valuable tools for basic and translational research. In this issue of Structure, Tichy and colleagues leverage high-resolution GPCR-G protein complex structures to rationally design improved light-activated chimeric GPCRs (termed OptoXRs) with increased sensitivity and tunable signaling features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Kapolka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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43
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Abstract
TRUPATH is a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based platform for quantifying G protein-coupled receptor activity via dissociation of heterotrimeric G protein biosensors. Here, we present protocols for agonist and antagonist TRUPATH assays in the 384-well plate format, thereby providing an opportunity for higher throughput. We also provide both data analysis and quality control analyses for these assays, along with considerations for assay optimization and solutions for troubleshooting needs that may be encountered. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Olsen et al. (2020). Protocols for TRUPATH using the 384-well plate format for higher throughput Agonist and antagonist TRUPATH assays and data analyses TRUPATH optimization and troubleshooting
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44
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Galán-Díez M, Borot F, Ali AM, Zhao J, Gil-Iturbe E, Shan X, Luo N, Liu Y, Huang XP, Bisikirska B, Labella R, Kurland I, Roth BL, Quick M, Mukherjee S, Rabadán R, Carroll M, Raza A, Kousteni S. Subversion of Serotonin Receptor Signaling in Osteoblasts by Kynurenine Drives Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:1106-1127. [PMID: 35046097 PMCID: PMC8983599 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Remodeling of the microenvironment by tumor cells can activate pathways that favor cancer growth. Molecular delineation and targeting of such malignant-cell nonautonomous pathways may help overcome resistance to targeted therapies. Herein we leverage genetic mouse models, patient-derived xenografts, and patient samples to show that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) exploits peripheral serotonin signaling to remodel the endosteal niche to its advantage. AML progression requires the presence of serotonin receptor 1B (HTR1B) in osteoblasts and is driven by AML-secreted kynurenine, which acts as an oncometabolite and HTR1B ligand. AML cells utilize kynurenine to induce a proinflammatory state in osteoblasts that, through the acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA), acts in a positive feedback loop on leukemia cells by increasing expression of IDO1-the rate-limiting enzyme for kynurenine synthesis-thereby enabling AML progression. This leukemia-osteoblast cross-talk, conferred by the kynurenine-HTR1B-SAA-IDO1 axis, could be exploited as a niche-focused therapeutic approach against AML, opening new avenues for cancer treatment. SIGNIFICANCE AML remains recalcitrant to treatments due to the emergence of resistant clones. We show a leukemia-cell nonautonomous progression mechanism that involves activation of a kynurenine-HTR1B-SAA-IDO1 axis between AML cells and osteoblasts. Targeting the niche by interrupting this axis can be pharmacologically harnessed to hamper AML progression and overcome therapy resistance. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 873.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Galán-Díez
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Corresponding Authors: Stavroula Kousteni, Phone: 212-305-2068; E-mail: ; and Marta Galán-Díez, Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032. Phone: 212-305-2481; E-mail:
| | - Florence Borot
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Abdullah Mahmood Ali
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, New York.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Junfei Zhao
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes at Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Eva Gil-Iturbe
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Xiaochuan Shan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Na Luo
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brygida Bisikirska
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Rossella Labella
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Irwin Kurland
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthias Quick
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Siddhartha Mukherjee
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, New York.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes at Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Raul Rabadán
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Martin Carroll
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Azra Raza
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, New York.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes at Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Stavroula Kousteni
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC), Columbia University, New York, New York.,Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes at Columbia University, New York, New York.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Corresponding Authors: Stavroula Kousteni, Phone: 212-305-2068; E-mail: ; and Marta Galán-Díez, Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032. Phone: 212-305-2481; E-mail:
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Abstract
Psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, N,N'-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are undergoing a renaissance as potentially useful drugs for various neuropsychiatric diseases, with a rapid onset of therapeutic activity. Notably, phase II trials have shown that psilocybin can produce statistically significant clinical effects following one or two administrations in depression and anxiety. These findings have inspired a 'gold rush' of commercial interest, with nearly 60 companies already formed to explore opportunities for psychedelics in treating diverse diseases. Additionally, these remarkable phenomenological and clinical observations are informing hypotheses about potential molecular mechanisms of action that need elucidation to realize the full potential of this investigative space. In particular, despite compelling evidence that the 5-HT2A receptor is a critical mediator of the behavioural effects of psychedelic drugs, uncertainty remains about which aspects of 5-HT2A receptor activity in the central nervous system are responsible for therapeutic effects and to what degree they can be isolated by developing novel chemical probes with differing specificity and selectivity profiles. Here, we discuss this emerging area of therapeutics, covering both controversies and areas of consensus related to the opportunities and perils of psychedelic and psychedelic-inspired therapeutics. We highlight how basic science breakthroughs can guide the discovery and development of psychedelic-inspired medications with the potential for improved efficacy without hallucinogenic or rewarding actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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46
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Levit Kaplan A, Strachan RT, Braz JM, Craik V, Slocum S, Mangano T, Amabo V, O'Donnell H, Lak P, Basbaum AI, Roth BL, Shoichet BK. Structure-Based Design of a Chemical Probe Set for the 5-HT 5A Serotonin Receptor. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4201-4217. [PMID: 35195401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 5-HT5A receptor (5-HT5AR), for which no selective agonists and a few antagonists exist, remains the least understood serotonin receptor. A single commercial antagonist, SB-699551, has been widely used to investigate the 5-HT5AR function in neurological disorders, including pain, but this molecule has substantial liabilities as a chemical probe. Accordingly, we sought to develop an internally controlled probe set. Docking over 6 million molecules against a 5-HT5AR homology model identified 5 mid-μM ligands, one of which was optimized to UCSF678, a 42 nM arrestin-biased partial agonist at the 5-HT5AR with a more restricted off-target profile and decreased assay liabilities versus SB-699551. Site-directed mutagenesis supported the docked pose of UCSF678. Surprisingly, analogs of UCSF678 that lost the 5-HT5AR activity revealed that 5-HT5AR engagement is nonessential for alleviating pain, contrary to studies with less-selective ligands. UCSF678 and analogs constitute a selective probe set with which to study the function of the 5-HT5AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Levit Kaplan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Ryan T Strachan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Joao M Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Veronica Craik
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Samuel Slocum
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Thomas Mangano
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Vanessa Amabo
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Henry O'Donnell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Parnian Lak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Allan I Basbaum
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
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47
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Kolb P, Kenakin T, Alexander SPH, Bermudez M, Bohn LM, Breinholt CS, Bouvier M, Hill SJ, Kostenis E, Martemyanov K, Neubig RR, Onaran HO, Rajagopal S, Roth BL, Selent J, Shukla AK, Sommer ME, Gloriam DE. Community Guidelines for GPCR Ligand Bias: IUPHAR Review XX. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:3651-3674. [PMID: 35106752 PMCID: PMC7612872 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors modulate a plethora of physiological processes and mediate the effects of one-third of FDA-approved drugs. Depending on which ligand activates a receptor, it can engage different intracellular transducers. This 'biased signaling' paradigm requires that we now characterize physiological signaling not just by receptors but by ligand-receptor pairs. Ligands eliciting biased signaling may constitute better drugs with higher efficacy and fewer adverse effects. However, ligand bias is very complex, making reproducibility and description challenging. Here, we provide guidelines and terminology for any scientists to design and report ligand bias experiments. The guidelines will aid consistency and clarity, as the basic receptor research and drug discovery communities continue to advance our understanding and exploitation of ligand bias. Scientific insight, biosensors, and analytical methods are still evolving and should benefit from and contribute to the implementation of the guidelines, together improving translation from in vitro to disease-relevant in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kolb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Terry Kenakin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, North, Carolina, USA
| | | | - Marcel Bermudez
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura M Bohn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Christian S Breinholt
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephen J Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kirill Martemyanov
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Rick R Neubig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - H Ongun Onaran
- Molecular Biology and Technology Development Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, North, Carolina, USA
| | - Jana Selent
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics, Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arun K Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Martha E Sommer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Current affiliation: ISAR Bioscience Institute, Munich-Planegg, Germany
| | - David E Gloriam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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48
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Sadybekov AA, Sadybekov AV, Liu Y, Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas C, Huang XP, Pickett J, Houser B, Patel N, Tran NK, Tong F, Zvonok N, Jain MK, Savych O, Radchenko DS, Nikas SP, Petasis NA, Moroz YS, Roth BL, Makriyannis A, Katritch V. Synthon-based ligand discovery in virtual libraries of over 11 billion compounds. Nature 2022; 601:452-459. [PMID: 34912117 PMCID: PMC9763054 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Structure-based virtual ligand screening is emerging as a key paradigm for early drug discovery owing to the availability of high-resolution target structures1-4 and ultra-large libraries of virtual compounds5,6. However, to keep pace with the rapid growth of virtual libraries, such as readily available for synthesis (REAL) combinatorial libraries7, new approaches to compound screening are needed8,9. Here we introduce a modular synthon-based approach-V-SYNTHES-to perform hierarchical structure-based screening of a REAL Space library of more than 11 billion compounds. V-SYNTHES first identifies the best scaffold-synthon combinations as seeds suitable for further growth, and then iteratively elaborates these seeds to select complete molecules with the best docking scores. This hierarchical combinatorial approach enables the rapid detection of the best-scoring compounds in the gigascale chemical space while performing docking of only a small fraction (<0.1%) of the library compounds. Chemical synthesis and experimental testing of novel cannabinoid antagonists predicted by V-SYNTHES demonstrated a 33% hit rate, including 14 submicromolar ligands, substantially improving over a standard virtual screening of the Enamine REAL diversity subset, which required approximately 100 times more computational resources. Synthesis of selected analogues of the best hits further improved potencies and affinities (best inhibitory constant (Ki) = 0.9 nM) and CB2/CB1 selectivity (50-200-fold). V-SYNTHES was also tested on a kinase target, ROCK1, further supporting its use for lead discovery. The approach is easily scalable for the rapid growth of combinatorial libraries and potentially adaptable to any docking algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman A. Sadybekov
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Anastasiia V. Sadybekov
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Julie Pickett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Blake Houser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Nilkanth Patel
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ngan K. Tran
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fei Tong
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nikolai Zvonok
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Olena Savych
- Enamine Ltd, 78 Chervonotkatska Street, 02094, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro S. Radchenko
- Enamine Ltd, 78 Chervonotkatska Street, 02094, Ukraine,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Spyros P. Nikas
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicos A. Petasis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yurii S. Moroz
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine,Chemspace LLC, 85 Chervonotkatska Street, 02094, Ukraine
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA,Corresponding authors: Bryan L. Roth (), Alexandros Makriyannis (), Vsevolod Katritch ()
| | - Alexandros Makriyannis
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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49
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Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most highly targeted protein family by United States Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs. Despite their historic and continued importance as drug targets, their therapeutic potential remains underexplored and underexploited. While it has been known for some time that GPCRs are able to engage multiple signaling pathways, the majority of drug research and development has followed the older dogma of a single primary pathway for each receptor. This has been due in part to historical reasons, or to a lack of appreciation of the potential to exploit specific pathways over others as a therapeutic modality. Additionally, only recently have technologies been developed to discern selective GPCR-G protein interactions. In this chapter, we introduce TRUPATH, a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based platform that allows the unambiguous measurement of receptor-catalyzed dissociation or rearrangement of 14 Gα subunits from their respective Gβ and Gγ subunits. Specifically, we provide a detailed protocol for TRUPATH plasmid transfection, microplate preparation, assay implementation, and data analysis. In doing so, we create a template for using TRUPATH to answer basic biological questions, such as "To which G proteins does a given GPCR couple?", and facilitate drug discovery efforts to identify ligands with intra- and inter-G protein family pathway selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Reid H J Olsen
- Discovery Biology and GPCR Pharmacology, Exscientia PLC., Oxford, UK
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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50
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Cao C, Kang HJ, Singh I, Chen H, Zhang C, Ye W, Hayes BW, Liu J, Gumpper RH, Bender BJ, Slocum ST, Krumm BE, Lansu K, McCorvy JD, Kroeze WK, English JG, DiBerto JF, Olsen RHJ, Huang XP, Zhang S, Liu Y, Kim K, Karpiak J, Jan LY, Abraham SN, Jin J, Shoichet BK, Fay JF, Roth BL. Structure, function and pharmacology of human itch GPCRs. Nature 2021; 600:170-175. [PMID: 34789874 PMCID: PMC9150435 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The MRGPRX family of receptors (MRGPRX1-4) is a family of mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors that have evolved relatively recently1. Of these, MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX4 are key physiological and pathological mediators of itch and related mast cell-mediated hypersensitivity reactions2-5. MRGPRX2 couples to both Gi and Gq in mast cells6. Here we describe agonist-stabilized structures of MRGPRX2 coupled to Gi1 and Gq in ternary complexes with the endogenous peptide cortistatin-14 and with a synthetic agonist probe, respectively, and the development of potent antagonist probes for MRGPRX2. We also describe a specific MRGPRX4 agonist and the structure of this agonist in a complex with MRGPRX4 and Gq. Together, these findings should accelerate the structure-guided discovery of therapeutic agents for pain, itch and mast cell-mediated hypersensitivity.
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MESH Headings
- Cryoelectron Microscopy
- Drug Inverse Agonism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/chemistry
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/ultrastructure
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/chemistry
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/ultrastructure
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/ultrastructure
- Pruritus/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/ultrastructure
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/chemistry
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Isha Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - He Chen
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenlei Ye
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Byron W Hayes
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan H Gumpper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian J Bender
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine Lansu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Wesley K Kroeze
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justin G English
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Reid H J Olsen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kuglae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joel Karpiak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lily Y Jan
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Jonathan F Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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