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Tessele I, Dal Molin TR, Dognini J, Noremberg S, de Carvalho LM. Investigation of thallium as a contaminant in dietary supplements marketed for weight loss and physical fitness. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38781478 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2354494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Dietary supplements are drastically growing as a category of consumer products all over the world. The abuse of supplements marketed for slimming purposes and physical fitness has been observed worldwide in recent years, which raises concerns in terms of public health. In this study, different types of dietary supplements marketed and delivered through the e-commerce were studied for the determination of thallium as a hazardous inorganic contaminant. The total content of thallium was determined by a sensitive voltammetric method after a microwave-assisted oxidative digestion of the sample. In addition, a comparative spectrometric method was applied for validation of the results in the samples. The maximum concentration found for thallium was found to be 2.89 mg kg-1, which well agree with the comparative measurement. Considering the 32 studied formulations, it can be pointed out that ∼24% of the of dietary supplements presented Tl concentrations at concentrations higher than 1 mg kg-1. The results permitted the assessment of the health risk related to thallium from contaminated samples, based on the calculation of the estimated daily intake (EDI) and the risk quotient (HQ). The highest daily intake of thallium was calculated as 82.0 µg day-1 in a protein-based supplement, which is equivalent to an EDI of 1.17 µg kg-1 day-1. This work highlights the need to develop regulations on the limits of toxic elements such as thallium in widely consumed dietary supplements, as well as an in-depth look at the adverse effects caused by this element in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tessele
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thaís R Dal Molin
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Noremberg
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Leandro M de Carvalho
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
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2
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Chang Y, Chiang CK. The Impact of Thallium Exposure in Public Health and Molecular Toxicology: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4750. [PMID: 38731969 PMCID: PMC11084277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This review offers a synthesis of the current understanding of the impact of low-dose thallium (Tl) on public health, specifically emphasizing its diverse effects on various populations and organs. The article integrates insights into the cytotoxic effects, genotoxic potential, and molecular mechanisms of thallium in mammalian cells. Thallium, a non-essential heavy metal present in up to 89 different minerals, has garnered attention due to its adverse effects on human health. As technology and metallurgical industries advance, various forms of thallium, including dust, vapor, and wastewater, can contaminate the environment, extending to the surrounding air, water sources, and soil. Moreover, the metal has been identified in beverages, tobacco, and vegetables, highlighting its pervasive presence in a wide array of food sources. Epidemiological findings underscore associations between thallium exposure and critical health aspects such as kidney function, pregnancy outcomes, smoking-related implications, and potential links to autism spectrum disorder. Thallium primarily exerts cellular toxicity on various tissues through mitochondria-mediated oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This synthesis aims to shed light on the intricate web of thallium exposure and its potential implications for public health, emphasizing the need for vigilant consideration of its risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan;
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
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3
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Li Y, Pan Y, Wang K, Ding Y, Li Z, Lu M, Xu D. Association of urinary thallium with hypertension in children and adolescents aged 8-17 years: NHANES 2005-2018. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:102927-102935. [PMID: 37676453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Thallium is a highly toxic metal that exists in all aspects of our lives and can cause damage to human health. The aim of this study was to identify the potential correlation between urinary thallium (U-Tl) and hypertension in American youth aged 8-17 years. The National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) database was mined for cross-sectional information on 2295 American children and adolescents aged 8-17 years. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was utilized to measure U-Tl levels, and the results were categorized into four quartiles (Q1-Q4). Logistic generalized linear models and unweighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression were used to investigate the relationship between U-Tl and hypertension. After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratios (ORs) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension prevalence in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles were 0.43 (0.22-0.81), 0.54 (0.29-0.99), and 0.43 (0.22-0.81), when compared to the lowest quartile (P for trend = 0.024). RCS plot showed a negative linear correlation between log2-transformed U-Tl levels and hypertension (P for non-linearity = 0.869). Subgroup analysis based on sex indicated a statistically significant link between U-Tl and hypertension in male (P < 0.05). There is a negative linear relationship between U-Tl and hypertension in American children and adolescents aged 8-17 years with low thallium exposure. Due to the nature of cross-sectional studies, further studies are necessary to validate our conclusions and elucidate possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiting Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinzhang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongming Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Korotkov SM. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Is the General Reason for Apoptosis Induced by Different-Valence Heavy Metals in Cells and Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14459. [PMID: 37833908 PMCID: PMC10572412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes the causes and consequences of apoptosis resulting from oxidative stress that occurs in mitochondria and cells exposed to the toxic effects of different-valence heavy metals (Ag+, Tl+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, As3+, Sb3+, Cr6+, and U6+). The problems of the relationship between the integration of these toxic metals into molecular mechanisms with the subsequent development of pathophysiological processes and the appearance of diseases caused by the accumulation of these metals in the body are also addressed in this review. Such apoptosis is characterized by a reduction in cell viability, the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl-2), and the activation of protein kinases (ERK, JNK, p53, and p38) by mitogens. Moreover, the oxidative stress manifests as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, mitochondrial swelling, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release, a decline in the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmito), a decrease in ATP synthesis, and reduced glutathione and oxygen consumption as well as cytoplasm and matrix calcium overload due to Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The apoptosis and respiratory dysfunction induced by these metals are discussed regarding their interaction with cellular and mitochondrial thiol groups and Fe2+ metabolism disturbance. Similarities and differences in the toxic effects of Tl+ from those of other heavy metals under review are discussed. Similarities may be due to the increase in the cytoplasmic calcium concentration induced by Tl+ and these metals. One difference discussed is the failure to decrease Tl+ toxicity through metallothionein-dependent mechanisms. Another difference could be the decrease in reduced glutathione in the matrix due to the reversible oxidation of Tl+ to Tl3+ near the centers of ROS generation in the respiratory chain. The latter may explain why thallium toxicity to humans turned out to be higher than the toxicity of mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
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5
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Zhang F, Li X, Wei Y. Selenium and Selenoproteins in Health. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050799. [PMID: 37238669 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is a trace mineral that is essential for health. After being obtained from food and taken up by the liver, selenium performs various physiological functions in the body in the form of selenoproteins, which are best known for their redox activity and anti-inflammatory properties. Selenium stimulates the activation of immune cells and is important for the activation of the immune system. Selenium is also essential for the maintenance of brain function. Selenium supplements can regulate lipid metabolism, cell apoptosis, and autophagy, and have displayed significant alleviating effects in most cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of increased selenium intake on the risk of cancer remains unclear. Elevated serum selenium levels are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and this relationship is complex and nonlinear. Selenium supplementation seems beneficial to some extent; however, existing studies have not fully explained the influence of selenium on various diseases. Further, more intervention trials are needed to verify the beneficial or harmful effects of selenium supplementation in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yumiao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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6
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Nagel AH, Robinson ASR, Goss GG, Glover CN. Effect of thallium on phototactic behaviour in Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:81740-81748. [PMID: 35732894 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a trace metal enriched in wastewaters associated with mining and smelting of base metals. The toxicity of Tl to aquatic biota is poorly understood, particularly with respect to its sublethal effects. In this study, phototactic behavioural responses of naïve (i.e. no previous exposure to Tl) Daphnia magna, a key regulatory freshwater crustacean species, were examined in waters containing Tl. Fed and fasted neonate daphnids (< 24 h old) and fed adults (10-15 days old) showed no significant response at any tested water Tl concentration. However, in fasted adults, an increase in the positive phototactic response (measured as a greater number of daphnids closer to the light source after a 5-min exposure) was seen at Tl concentrations of 917 and 2099 µg L-1, values representative of extreme environmental Tl concentrations. The presence of Tl also decreased the swimming speed of adult Daphnia towards a light source. In the presence of cimetidine, a histamine receptor blocker, the increase in positive phototaxis induced by Tl disappeared, suggesting that Tl acts to perturb the phototaxis response through sensory inhibition. Conversely, although there was a trend towards enhanced activity, Tl had no significant effect on acetylcholinesterase, a marker of locomotor capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Nagel
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Greg G Goss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Chris N Glover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Faculty of Science and Technology and Athabasca River Basin Research Institute, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB, T9S 3A3, Canada.
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7
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Colombaioni L, Campanella B, Nieri R, Onor M, Benedetti E, Bramanti E. Time-dependent influence of high glucose environment on the metabolism of neuronal immortalized cells. Anal Biochem 2022; 645:114607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Wang T, Lv Z, Wen Y, Zou X, Zhou G, Cheng J, Zhong D, Zhang Y, Yu S, Liu N, Peng C, Chen G, Zheng S, Huang H, Liu R, Huang S. Associations of plasma multiple metals with risk of hyperuricemia: A cross-sectional study in a mid-aged and older population of China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132305. [PMID: 34563770 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metal exposures are suspected to associate with the risk of hyperuricemia (HUA), but the current results are still conflicting. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between multiple plasma metal exposures and HUA risk. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1406 Chinese Han adults who underwent routine physical examination in the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shenzhen. The plasma levels of 13 metals were measured by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Multivariable logistic, linear regression models, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were applied to assess the associations. RESULTS The median plasma uric acid concentration in HUA group (434 μmol/L) was significantly higher than that in non-HUA group (305 μmol/L). The multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of HUA were 1.62(1.08-2.43) for magnesium, 1.61(1.05-2.47) for copper, 1.62(1.06-2.49) for zinc, 1.87(1.26-2.81) for arsenic, 1.50(1.01-2.23) for selenium, and 1.70(1.16-2.49) for thallium based on the single-metal logistic regression models, comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of metal levels. Further multi-metal logistic, linear regression models and the LASSO analysis all indicated positive associations of zinc, arsenic with HUA risk or uric acid levels. RCS model indicated an inverted V-shaped positive association between zinc levels and HUA risk (p for non-linearity = 0.048, p for overall association = 0.022), while arsenic levels showed a positive and linear dose-response relationship with HUA risk (p for non-linearity = 0.892, p for overall association<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Higher plasma levels of zinc and arsenic might increase HUA risk and showed positive dose-response relationships. Further cohort studies in larger population are required to testify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ziquan Lv
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying Wen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guohong Zhou
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Danrong Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuyuan Yu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chaoqiong Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guomin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sijia Zheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Suli Huang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Lachowicz JI, Lecca LI, Meloni F, Campagna M. Metals and Metal-Nanoparticles in Human Pathologies: From Exposure to Therapy. Molecules 2021; 26:6639. [PMID: 34771058 PMCID: PMC8587420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of pathologies correlates with both toxic and essential metal ions dyshomeostasis. Next to known genetic disorders (e.g., Wilson's Disease and β-Thalassemia) other pathological states such as neurodegeneration and diabetes are characterized by an imbalance of essential metal ions. Metal ions can enter the human body from the surrounding environment in the form of free metal ions or metal-nanoparticles, and successively translocate to different tissues, where they are accumulated and develop distinct pathologies. There are no characteristic symptoms of metal intoxication, and the exact diagnosis is still difficult. In this review, we present metal-related pathologies with the most common onsets, biomarkers of metal intoxication, and proper techniques of metal qualitative and quantitative analysis. We discuss the possible role of drugs with metal-chelating ability in metal dyshomeostasis, and present recent advances in therapies of metal-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcello Campagna
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09048 Monserrato, CA, Italy; (J.I.L.); (L.I.L.); (F.M.)
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10
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Anaya-Ramos L, Díaz-Ruíz A, Ríos C, Mendez-Armenta M, Montes S, Aguirre-Vidal Y, García-Jiménez S, Baron-Flores V, Monroy-Noyola A. The acute systemic toxicity of thallium in rats produces oxidative stress: attenuation by metallothionein and Prussian blue. Biometals 2021; 34:1295-1311. [PMID: 34529183 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (TI) is one of the most toxic heavy metals. Human exposure to Tl occurs through contaminated drinking water and from there to food, a threat to health. Recently, environmental contamination by Tl has been reported in several countries, urging the need for studies to determine the impact of endogenous and exogenous mechanisms preventing thallium toxicity. The cytoprotective effect of metallothionein (MT), a protein with high capacity to chelate metals, at two doses (100 and 600 µg/rat), was tested. Prussian blue (PB) (50 mg/kg) was administered alone or in combination with MT. A dose of Tl (16mg/kg) was injected i.p. to Wistar rats. Antidotes were administered twice daily, starting 24h after Tl injection, for 4 days. Tl concentrations diminished in most organs (p < 0.05) by effect of PB, alone or in combination with MT, whereas MT alone decreased Tl concentrations in testis, spleen, lung and liver. Likewise, brain thallium also diminished (p < 0.05) by effect of PB and MT alone or in combination in most of the regions analyzed (p < 0.05). The greatest diminution of Tl was achieved when the antidotes were combined. Plasma markers of renal damage increased after Tl administration, while PB and MT, either alone or in combination, prevented the raise of those markers. Only MT increased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the kidney. Finally, increased Nrf2 was observed in liver and kidney, after treatment with MT alone or in combination with PB. Results showed that MT alone or in combination with PB is cytoprotective after thallium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Anaya-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Neuroprotección, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca, Av. Universidad 1001 Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Araceli Díaz-Ruíz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Marisela Mendez-Armenta
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología experimental, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio Montes
- Unidad Académica Multidiciplinaria, Reynosa-Aztlan, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Yoshajandith Aguirre-Vidal
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Sara García-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Neuroprotección, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca, Av. Universidad 1001 Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Veronica Baron-Flores
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Antonio Monroy-Noyola
- Laboratorio de Neuroprotección, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca, Av. Universidad 1001 Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
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11
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Korotkov SM. Effects of Tl + on the inner membrane thiol groups, respiration, and swelling in succinate-energized rat liver mitochondria were modified by thiol reagents. Biometals 2021; 34:987-1006. [PMID: 34236558 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of both Tl+ and thiol reagents were studied on the content of the inner membrane free SH-groups, detected with Ellman reagent, and the inner membrane potential as well as swelling and respiration of succinate-energized rat liver mitochondria in medium containing TlNO3 and KNO3. These effects resulted in a rise in swelling and a decrease in the content, the potential, and mitochondrial respiration in 3 and 2,4-dinitrophenol-uncoupled states. A maximal effect was seen when phenylarsine oxide reacting with thiol groups recessed into the hydrophobic regions of the membrane. Compared with phenylarsine oxide, the effective concentrations of other reagents were approximately one order of magnitude higher in experiments with mersalyl and 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate, and two orders of magnitude higher in experiments with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and diamide. The above effects of Tl+ and the thiol reagents became even more pronounced with calcium overload of mitochondria. However, the effects were suppressed by inhibitors of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (cyclosporine A, ADP, and n-ethylmaleimide). These findings suggest that opening of the pore induced by Tl+ in the inner membrane can be dependent on the conformation state of the adenine nucleotide translocase, which depends on the activity of its thiol groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194223.
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12
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Li T, Zhang Y, Sun X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Nie Z. Dual dye-labeled G-quadruplex aptasensor for detection of thallium(I) using ratiometric fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Talanta 2021; 233:122508. [PMID: 34215123 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent probe was developed for ratiometric detection of thallium ions in mineral water samples by modifying a G-rich aptamer (PS2.M - 7) with a fluorescence donor (Cyanine-3, Cy3) and a quencher (Cyanine-5, Cy5). The probe had a random coil structure that changed into a G-quadruplex structure upon binding with Tl+. This change in structure decreased the distance between the donor and acceptor moieties, which resulted in fluorescence resonance energy transfer between Cy3 and Cy5. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection and linear concentration range for Tl+ were 30.1 μM (3σ) and 10 μM-10 mM (R2 = 0.9981), respectively. This simple and cost-effective fluorescence sensor provided satisfactory results for detection of thallium ions in spiked mineral water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yanjin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yongan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Zhiyong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
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Campanella B, Colombaioni L, Nieri R, Benedetti E, Onor M, Bramanti E. Unraveling the Extracellular Metabolism of Immortalized Hippocampal Neurons Under Normal Growth Conditions. Front Chem 2021; 9:621548. [PMID: 33937186 PMCID: PMC8085660 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.621548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic profiling of cell lines has shown many potential applications and advantages compared to animal models and human subjects, and an accurate cellular metabolite analysis is critical to understanding both the intracellular and extracellular environments in cell culture. This study provides a fast protocol to investigate in vitro metabolites of immortalized hippocampal neurons HN9.10e with minimal perturbation of the cell system using a targeted approach. HN9.10e neurons represent a reliable model of one of the most vulnerable regions of the central nervous system. Here, the assessment of their extracellular metabolic profile was performed by studying the cell culture medium before and after cell growth under standard conditions. The targeted analysis was performed by a direct, easy, high-throughput reversed-phase liquid chromatography with diode array detector (RP-HPLC-DAD) method and by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) for the study of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The analysis of six different batches of cells has allowed to investigate the metabolic reproducibility of neuronal cells and to describe the metabolic "starting" conditions that are mandatory for a well-grounded interpretation of the results of any following cellular treatment. An accurate study of the metabolic profile of the HN9.10e cell line has never been performed before, and it could represent a quality parameter before any other targeting assay or further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Campanella
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Colombaioni
- National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience (CNR-IN), Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Nieri
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Benedetti
- Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Onor
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilia Bramanti
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
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Tong J, Liang CM, Huang K, Xiang HY, Qi J, Feng LL, Lai YP, Shao SS, Wu XY, Tao FB. Prenatal serum thallium exposure and 36-month-old children's attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms: Ma'anshan birth cohort study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125499. [PMID: 32050328 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic heavy metal that has been suggested to be responsible for oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, few studies have focused on the relationship of prenatal Tl exposure with children's neurobehavioural development. The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between prenatal Tl exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in 36-month-old children. We used data from 2851 mother-newborn pairs from the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study (MABC); serum Tl concentration was assessed in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy as well as in the umbilical cord blood. We assessed ADHD symptoms in the children using the Chinese version of the Conners abbreviated symptom questionnaire (C-ASQ). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the risk of ADHD symptoms was 2.00 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20, 3.32] and 2.08 (95% CI: 1.26, 3.43) for the third (60.25-75.21 ng/L) and fourth quartiles of serum Tl (>75.21 ng/L), respectively, in the second trimester of pregnancy, in comparison with the first quartile of serum Tl (<50.86 ng/L). The risk of ADHD symptoms was elevated among boys exposed to the fourth quartile of serum Tl in the second trimester of pregnancy (adjusted OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.13, 3.83). Our results demonstrated that high levels of Tl exposure in the second trimester of pregnancy were related to a higher risk of ADHD symptoms in 36-month-old children, and the association of higher serum Tl exposure in the second trimester with ADHD symptoms was only found in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Mei Liang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Kung Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yun Xiang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Qi
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Lan Feng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Lai
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Shao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Campanella B, Colombaioni L, Benedetti E, Di Ciaula A, Ghezzi L, Onor M, D’Orazio M, Giannecchini R, Petrini R, Bramanti E. Toxicity of Thallium at Low Doses: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234732. [PMID: 31783498 PMCID: PMC6926957 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A mini review of the toxicity of Thallium (Tl) at low doses is herein presented. Thallium has severe toxicity. Although its acute biological effects have been widely investigated and are well known, its biological effects on human health and in cell cultures at low doses (<100 μg/L) due, for example, to Tl chronic exposure via consumption of contaminated water or foods, have often been overlooked or underestimated. Relatively few papers have been published on this topic and are herein reviewed to provide a focused scientific opinion in the light of current worldwide regulatory issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Campanella
- National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organo Metallic Compounds-ICCOM, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.C.); (M.O.)
| | - Laura Colombaioni
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Area della Ricerca CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Benedetti
- Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE), 52100 Arezzo, Italy;
| | - Lisa Ghezzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.D.); (R.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Massimo Onor
- National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organo Metallic Compounds-ICCOM, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.C.); (M.O.)
| | - Massimo D’Orazio
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.D.); (R.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberto Giannecchini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.D.); (R.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Riccardo Petrini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.D.); (R.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Emilia Bramanti
- National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organo Metallic Compounds-ICCOM, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.C.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Korotkov SM, Nesterov VP, Sobol KV. The Effects of Thallium on the Spontaneous Contraction of the Heart Muscle and the Energetic Processes in Cardiomyocyte Mitochondria. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350919050117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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