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Mili M, Bachu V, Kuri PR, Singh NK, Goswami P. Improving synthesis and binding affinities of nucleic acid aptamers and their therapeutics and diagnostic applications. Biophys Chem 2024; 309:107218. [PMID: 38547671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2024.107218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers have captivated the attention of analytical and medicinal scientists globally due to their several advantages as recognition molecules over conventional antibodies because of their small size, simple and inexpensive synthesis, broad target range, and high stability in varied environmental conditions. These recognition molecules can be chemically modified to make them resistant to nuclease action in blood serum, reduce rapid renel clearance, improve the target affinity and selectivity, and make them amenable to chemically conjugate with a support system that facilitates their selective applications. This review focuses on the development of efficient aptamer candidates and their application in clinical diagnosis and therapeutic applications. Significant advances have been made in aptamer-based diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Collaterally, the progress made in therapeutic applications of aptamers is encouraging, as evident from their use in diagnosing cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, microbial infection, and in imaging. This review also updates the progress on clinical trials of many aptamer-based products of commercial interests. The key development and critical issues on the subject have been summarized in the concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malaya Mili
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Vinay Bachu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Pooja Rani Kuri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | | | - Pranab Goswami
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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2
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Dahiya B, Mor P, Rais A, Prasad T, Sheoran A, Sheoran R, Sharma S, Seth MK, Srivastava SK, Mehta PK. Diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis: Detection of mycobacterial CFP-10 and HspX proteins by gold nanoparticle-PCR amplified immunoassay. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 220:106925. [PMID: 38552847 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Attempts were made to improve the efficacy of PCR amplified immunoassay (I-PCR) for diagnosing abdominal TB cases by utilizing the gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based I-PCR, where AuNPs were functionalized with detection antibodies/oligonucleotides that exhibited 84.3% sensitivity and 95.1% specificity. This assay would improve the ongoing algorithms used in abdominal TB diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Dahiya
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, India; Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Preeti Mor
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Anam Rais
- Special Centre for Nano Science & Advanced Instrumentation Research and Facility, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Tulika Prasad
- Special Centre for Nano Science & Advanced Instrumentation Research and Facility, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Abhishek Sheoran
- Department of Statistics, Ramanujan College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110019, India
| | - Reetu Sheoran
- School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201301, India
| | - Suman Sharma
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences (UHS), Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Mahesh K Seth
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, India
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shradhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110036, India
| | - Promod K Mehta
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, India; Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak 124001, India.
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Chowdhury MA, Collins JM, Gell DA, Perry S, Breadmore MC, Shigdar S, King AE. Isolation and Identification of the High-Affinity DNA Aptamer Target to the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:346-356. [PMID: 38149631 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are functional oligonucleotide ligands used for the molecular recognition of various targets. The natural characteristics of aptamers make them an excellent alternative to antibodies in diagnostics, therapeutics, and biosensing. DNA aptamers are mainly single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssDNA) that possess a definite binding to targets. However, the application of aptamers to the fields of brain health and neurodegenerative diseases has been limited to date. Herein, a DNA aptamer against the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein was obtained by in vitro selection. BDNF is a potential biomarker of brain health and neurodegenerative diseases and has functions in the synaptic plasticity and survival of neurons. We identified eight aptamers that have binding affinity for BDNF from a 50-nucleotide library. Among these aptamers, NV_B12 showed the highest sensitivity and selectivity for detecting BDNF. In an aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay (ALISA), the NV_B12 aptamer strongly bound to BDNF protein, in a dose-dependent manner. The dissociation constant (Kd) for NV_B12 was 0.5 nM (95% CI: 0.4-0.6 nM). These findings suggest that BDNF-specific aptamers could be used as an alternative to antibodies in diagnostic and detection assays for BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anisuzzaman Chowdhury
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Jessica M Collins
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - David A Gell
- Menzies Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Sharn Perry
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Anna E King
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
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Pornprom T, Phusi N, Thongdee P, Pakamwong B, Sangswan J, Kamsri P, Punkvang A, Suttisintong K, Leanpolchareanchai J, Hongmanee P, Lumjiaktase P, Jampasa S, Chailapakul O, Pungpo P. Toward the early diagnosis of tuberculosis: A gold particle-decorated graphene-modified paper-based electrochemical biosensor for Hsp16.3 detection. Talanta 2024; 267:125210. [PMID: 37717539 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) currently remains a major life-threatening disease as it can be fatal if not treated properly or in a timely manner. Herein, we first describe a disposable and cost-effective paper-based electrochemical biosensor based on a gold particle-decorated carboxyl graphene (AuPs/GCOOH)-modified electrode for detecting heat shock protein (Hsp16.3), which is a specific biomarker indicating the onset of TB infection. The device pattern was first engineered to facilitate detection procedures and printed on low-cost filter paper to create hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions using a wax printing technique. Immunoassays proceeded in a half-sandwich format because it is a reagent-less approach and requires no labeling step. The fabrication of the immunosensor began with GCOOH drop casting, the electrochemical deposition of AuPs, and the establishment of a biorecognition layer against Hsp16.3 utilizing 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-sulfo standard chemistry. The appearance of Hsp16.3 resulted in a substantial decrease in the electrochemical signal response of the redox probe employed [Fe (CN)6]3-/4- due to the created immunocomplexes that possess insulation properties. GCOOH enables direct antibody immobilization, and AuPs enhance the electrochemical properties of the sensor. This proposed immunosensor, while requiring only a miniscule sample volume (5 μL), achieved superior performance in terms of the limit of detection, measuring at 0.01 ng/mL. Our platform was confirmed to be highly specific to Hsp16.3 and can rapidly detect TB-infected sera without necessitating any pre-enrichment (20 min), making it an alternative and particularly suitable for the early diagnosis of TB in resource-scarce countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thimpika Pornprom
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Naruedon Phusi
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Paptawan Thongdee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Bongkochawan Pakamwong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Jidapa Sangswan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Pharit Kamsri
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand
| | - Auradee Punkvang
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand
| | - Khomson Suttisintong
- National Nanotechnology Center, NSTDA, 111 Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | | | - Poonpilas Hongmanee
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Putthapoom Lumjiaktase
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sakda Jampasa
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornpan Pungpo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand.
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Bethu R, Mittal HG, Sharma TK, Shulania A, Sharma N, Rangarajan S, Jain P. Rapid diagnosis of TB using Aptamer-based assays for Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in children and adolescents. Lung India 2023; 40:434-439. [PMID: 37787357 PMCID: PMC10553784 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_295_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite advances establishing microbiological evidence of tuberculosis (TB) is still a concern in children due to the limitation of availability of sample and predominance of extrapulmonary TB, there is unmet need for diagnostic tests which are low cost, rapid and sensitive and specific. Methods This study evaluated the utility of aptamer-based assay for detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens HspX and MPT 64 in rapid diagnosis of TB in children up to 18 years of age in a tertiary medical college. A total of 100 children were sequentially enrolled with presumptive pulmonary (n = 52 and extrapulmonary n = 48) TB based on clinico-radiological characteristics. The samples were evaluated with ALISA technique for TB antigens and compared with the results of ZN microscopy, GeneXpert and mycobacterial culture MGIT. Results The enrolled children had mean age (11.7 + 4.4 years) with both pulmonary (n = 52) and extrapulmonary TB (n = 48). Our study results concluded poor results of smears (11% positivity, sensitivity: 17.7%, NPV: 42.7%) and better of GeneXpert (positivity: 42%, sensitivity of 67.4%, NPV: 65.5%) and culture (positivity 57%, sensitivity 91.9%, NPV 88.3%). HspX antigen by ALISA had comparable results (positivity: 49%, sensitivity: 62.9%; NPV: 54.9%). MPT 64 antigen by ALISA also had similar results (positivity: 45%, sensitivity: 58% and NPV 52, 3%). Sensitivity and specificity were higher in pulmonary TB compared to EPTB for both antigens. HspX antigen assay by ALISA and MPT 64 ALISA over existing microbiological diagnostic methods had additional of 13%. Conclusion ALISA technique for mycobacterium antigens HspX and MPT 64 was rapid, low-cost test (1-3$/test) high sensitivity and specificity and comparable to currently available methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Bethu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, ABVIMS and RMLH, New Delhi, India
| | - Hema Gupta Mittal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, ABVIMS and RMLH, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarun K. Sharma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anuradha Shulania
- Department of Microbiology, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Neera Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shmitha Rangarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, ABVIMS and RMLH, New Delhi, India
| | - Prerna Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, ABVIMS and RMLH, New Delhi, India
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Park JA, Kwon Y, Le XA, Vu TH, Park H, Lee H, Choi HK, Park C, Kim MI, Lee T. Construction of a rapid electrochemical biosensor consisting of a nanozyme/aptamer conjugate for waterborne microcystin detection. Analyst 2023; 148:2536-2543. [PMID: 37144330 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a hepatotoxin generated by the excessive proliferation of cyanobacteria, which is a threat to humans and wildlife. Therefore, rapid detection of MC-LR is an important challenge. This study describes a rapid electrochemical biosensor comprising nanozymes and aptamers. Alternating current electrothermal flow (ACEF) significantly reduced the MC-LR detection period to 10 min. We also used MnO2/MC-LR aptamer conjugates to improve the sensitivity to MC-LR detection. Here, MnO2 amplified the electrochemical signal and the aptamer showed high selectivity for MC-LR. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) and selectivity in freshwater were detected using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. As a result, an LOD of 3.36 pg mL-1 was observed in the linear concentration range of 10 pg mL-1 to 1 μg mL-1. This study quickly and sensitively detected MC-LR in a situation where it causes serious damage worldwide. In addition, the ACEF technology introduction is the first example of MC-LR detection, suggesting a wide range of possibilities for MC-LR biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ah Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yein Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xuan Ai Le
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Trung Hieu Vu
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hanbin Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoseok Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyu Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moon Il Kim
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taek Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Tayal D, Sethi P, Jain P. Point-of-care test for tuberculosis: a boon in diagnosis. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2023; 94. [PMID: 37114932 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2023.2528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is an effective measure to eradicate this infectious disease worldwide. Traditional methods for screening TB patients do not provide an immediate diagnosis and thus delay treatment. There is an urgent need for the early detection of TB through point-of-care tests (POCTs). Several POCTs are widely available at primary healthcare facilities that assist in TB screening. In addition to the currently used POCTs, advancements in technology have led to the discovery of newer methods that provide accurate and fast information independent of access to laboratory facilities. In the present article, the authors tried to include and describe the potential POCTs for screening TB in patients. Several molecular diagnostic tests, such as nucleic acid amplification tests, including GeneXpert and TB-loop-mediated isothermal amplification, are currently being used as POCTs. Besides these methods, the pathogenic component of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can also be utilized as a biomarker for screening purposes through immunological assays. Similarly, the host immune response to infection has also been utilized as a marker for the diagnosis of TB. These novel biomarkers might include Mtb85, interferon-γ inducible protein-10, volatile organic compounds, acute-phase proteins, etc. Radiological tests have also been observed as POCTs in the TB screening POCT panel. Various POCTs are performed on samples other than sputum, which further eases the screening process. These POCTs should not require large-scale manpower and infrastructure. Hence, POCT should be able to identify patients with M. tuberculosis infection at the primary healthcare level only. There are several other advanced techniques that have been proposed as future POCTs and have been discussed in the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Tayal
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease, New Delhi.
| | - Prabhpreet Sethi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease, New Delhi.
| | - Prerna Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease, New Delhi.
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Zhou M, Li X, Wen H, Huang B, Ren J, Zhang J. The construction of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated FRET 16S rDNA sensor for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Analyst 2023; 148:2308-2315. [PMID: 37083189 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00462g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The simple and efficient detection of nucleic acids is important in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). However, base mismatch will lead to false positive and false negative nucleic acid test, which seriously interferes with the accuracy of the final results. Herein, we demonstrated a CRISPR/Cas-9-mediated fluorescent strategy utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for the detection of bacteria. High-variable region of M. tuberculosis 16S rDNA fragment was used as the target, and CRISPR/Cas9 was used as the recognition element. The binding of the P1 probe of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) @SiO2-P1 and the P2 probe of Fe3O4@Au-P2 caused the fluorescence quenching of UCNPs. In the presence of the target, the P2 probe hybridized with the target to form double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), which was recognized and cleaved by CRISPR/Cas9, resulting in the breaking of the P1-P2 duplex linkage. UCNPs moved away from Fe3O4@Au under a magnetic field, and the fluorescence signal was restored; bacteria were detected under the excitation of a 980 nm laser source. Using the CRISPR/Cas-9-mediated system, the sensor could distinguish single-base mismatches in 10 bases from the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) region. The limit of detection (LOD) was 20 CFU mL-1 and the detection time was 2 h. It developed a new way of accurate nucleic acid detection for disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China.
| | - Herui Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China.
| | - Jiali Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China.
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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Nemati S, Shalileh F, Mirjalali H, Omidfar K. Toward waterborne protozoa detection using sensing technologies. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1118164. [PMID: 36910193 PMCID: PMC9999019 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1118164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and limited sufficient water resources will be the main challenges for humankind during the coming years. The lack of water resources for washing, bathing, and drinking increases the use of contaminated water and the risk of waterborne diseases. A considerable number of waterborne outbreaks are due to protozoan parasites that may remain active/alive in harsh environmental conditions. Therefore, a regular monitoring program of water resources using sensitive techniques is needed to decrease the risk of waterborne outbreaks. Wellorganized point-of-care (POC) systems with enough sensitivity and specificity is the holy grail of research for monitoring platforms. In this review, we comprehensively gathered and discussed rapid, selective, and easy-to-use biosensor and nanobiosensor technologies, developed for the early detection of common waterborne protozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nemati
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Shalileh
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirjalali
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Omidfar
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular–Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yunus MH, Yusof NA, Abdullah J, Sulaiman Y, Ahmad Raston NH, Md Noor SS. Simultaneous Amperometric Aptasensor Based on Diazonium Grafted Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Detection of CFP10 and MPT64 Biomarkers for Early Tuberculosis Diagnosis. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12110996. [PMID: 36354505 PMCID: PMC9688523 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis is highly crucial for life-saving and transmission management of tuberculosis (TB). Despite the low sensitivity and time-consuming issues, TB antigen detection still relies on conventional smear microscopy and culture techniques. To address this limitation, we report the development of the first amperometric dual aptasensor for the simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted antigens CFP10 and MPT64 for better diagnosis and control of TB. The developed sensor was based on the aptamers-antibodies sandwich assay and detected by chronoamperometry through the electrocatalytic reaction between peroxidase-conjugated antibodies, H2O2, and hydroquinone. The CFP10 and MPT64 aptamers were immobilized via carbodiimide covalent chemistry over the disposable dual screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with a 4-carboxyphenyl diazonium salt. Under optimized conditions, the aptasensor achieved a detection limit of 1.68 ng mL-1 and 1.82 ng mL-1 for CFP10 and MPT64 antigens, respectively. The developed assay requires a small sample amount (5 µL) and can be easily performed within 2.5 h. Finally, the dual aptasensor was successfully applied to clinical sputum samples with the obtained diagnostic sensitivity (n = 24) and specificity (n = 13) of 100%, respectively, suggesting the readiness of the developed assay to be used for TB clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafiznur Yunus
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azah Yusof
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jaafar Abdullah
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yusran Sulaiman
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hanun Ahmad Raston
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Suraiya Md Noor
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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11
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Soni A, Guliani A, Nehra K, Mehta PK. Insight into diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis with special focus on nucleic acid amplification tests. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:887-906. [PMID: 35728039 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2093189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pleural tuberculosis (TB) is the archetype of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), which mainly affects the pleural space and leads to exudative pleural effusion. Diagnosis of pleural TB is a difficult task predominantly due to atypical clinical presentations and sparse bacillary load in clinical specimens. AREA COVERED We reviewed the current literature on the globally existing conventional/latest modalities for diagnosing pleural TB. Bacteriological examination (smear/culture), tuberculin skin testing/interferon-γ release assays, biochemical testing, imaging and histopathological/cytological examination are the main modalities. Moreover, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), i.e. loop-mediated isothermal amplification, PCR/multiplex-PCR, nested-PCR, real-time PCR and GeneXpert® MTB/RIF are being utilized. Currently, GeneXpert Ultra, Truenat MTBTM, detection of circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) cell-free DNA by NAATs, aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay and immuno-PCR (I-PCR) have also been exploited. EXPERT OPINION Routine tests are not adequate for effective pleural TB diagnosis. The latest molecular/immunological tests as discussed above, and the other tools, i.e. real-time I-PCR/nanoparticle-based I-PCR and identification of Mtb biomarkers within urinary/serum extracellular vesicles being utilized for pulmonary TB and other EPTB types may also be exploited to diagnose pleural TB. Reliable diagnosis and early therapy would reduce the serious complications associated with pleural TB, i.e. TB empyema, pleural fibrosis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Soni
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, India
| | - Astha Guliani
- Department of TB & Respiratory Medicine, Pt. BD Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Kiran Nehra
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, India
| | - Promod K Mehta
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
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Uwishema O, Badri R, Onyeaka H, Okereke M, Akhtar S, Mhanna M, Zafar B, Zahabioun A, Said KA, Tovani-Palone MR. Fighting Tuberculosis in Africa: The Current Situation Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 16:1-3. [PMID: 35673793 PMCID: PMC9300973 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading infectious causes of mortality, with around 4000 deaths daily. Since the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Africa, the region has experienced a lapse in responses directed at TB control, because the priority has shifted to interventions aimed at managing COVID-19. In addition to an unprecedented burden on the region's already overburdened health systems, another major public health concern is the clinical similarities between COVID-19 and TB, making TB diagnosis increasingly challenging, which may lead to poor prognosis, especially in people with TB and COVID-19 co-infection. A likely implication is that TB patients may stop attending health-care facilities due to fear of contracting or being diagnosed with COVID-19 or to avoid being stigmatized, invariably resulting in a disruption in their access to health-care services. Therefore, massive global support should be provided for TB endemic countries to respond synergistically and strongly to the thousands of TB cases as well as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Uwishema
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Clinton Global Initiative University, New York, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rawa Badri
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Mycetoma Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Helen Onyeaka
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Melody Okereke
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | | | - Melissa Mhanna
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Saint Joseph of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bilal Zafar
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amirsaman Zahabioun
- Clinton Global Initiative University, New York, USA
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Khanafi A. Said
- University of Dar es Salaam, Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences (UDSM-MCHAS), Tanzania
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Mor P, Dahiya B, Sharma S, Sheoran A, Parshad S, Malhotra P, Gulati P, Mehta PK. Diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis by real-time immuno-PCR assay based on detection of a cocktail of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP-10 and HspX proteins. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:577-586. [PMID: 35678762 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2088509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of peritoneal TB is difficult owing to unusual clinical manifestations and low sensitivities obtained with most of the available diagnostic modalities. Hence, there is an urgent need to design a reliable diagnostic test so that an early therapy is initiated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We designed a quantitative real-time immuno-PCR (RT-I-PCR) assay to detect a cocktail of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP-10 (Rv3874) and HspX (Rv2031c) proteins in clinical samples (ascitic fluids and peritoneal biopsies) of peritoneal TB patients, and results were compared with I-PCR/ELISA. RESULTS A wide range of CFP-10+ HspX (0.6 pg/mL to 9.9 ng/mL) was detected in clinical samples of peritoneal TB patients by RT-I-PCR, whereas ELISA exhibited a narrow range (3 ng/mL to 11.5 ng/mL). Sensitivities of 81.5% and 65.7% and specificities of 92.5% and 90% were obtained in a total of 78 cases (comprising 38 peritoneal TB and 40 non-TB controls) by RT-I-PCR and I-PCR, respectively. Markedly, sensitivity obtained by RT-I-PCR was significantly higher than I-PCR (p = 0.0143) and ELISA (p = 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS Our RT-I-PCR revealed good accuracy for the rapid diagnosis of peritoneal TB cases. After further improving the specificity and reducing the cost, this assay may develop into a diagnostic kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Mor
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Bhawna Dahiya
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Suman Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Abhishek Sheoran
- Department of Statistics, Ramanujan College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Parshad
- Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Parveen Malhotra
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Pooja Gulati
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Promod K Mehta
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Kumari P, Dhiman A, Lavania S, Sharma P, Rath D, Anthwal D, Gupta RK, Kochar A, Sharma N, Gadpayle A, Taneja R, Sharma L, Haldar S, Sharma TK, Tyagi JS. Assessment of DNA aptamers targeting GlcB and HspX antigens for application in the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2022; 134:102206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2022.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Aptamers-Diagnostic and Therapeutic Solution in SARS-CoV-2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031412. [PMID: 35163338 PMCID: PMC8836149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is currently the most serious challenge to global public health. Its emergence has severely disrupted the functioning of health services and the economic and social situation worldwide. Therefore, new diagnostic and therapeutic tools are urgently needed to allow for the early detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and appropriate treatment, which is crucial for the effective control of the COVID-19 disease. The ideal solution seems to be the use of aptamers—short fragments of nucleic acids, DNA or RNA—that can bind selected proteins with high specificity and affinity. They can be used in methods that base the reading of the test result on fluorescence phenomena, chemiluminescence, and electrochemical changes. Exploiting the properties of aptamers will enable the introduction of rapid, sensitive, specific, and low-cost tests for the routine diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Aptamers are excellent candidates for the development of point-of-care diagnostic devices and are potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of COVID-19. They can effectively block coronavirus activity in multiple fields by binding viral proteins and acting as carriers of therapeutic substances. In this review, we present recent developments in the design of various types of aptasensors to detect and treat the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Mor P, Dahiya B, Parshad S, Gulati P, Mehta PK. Recent updates in diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis with emphasis on nucleic acid amplification tests. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:33-49. [PMID: 34923892 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2021068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) is a common epitome of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), wherein peritoneal and intestinal TB are the most prevalent forms. Diagnosis of abdominal TB is a daunting challenge owing to variable anatomical locations, paucibacillary nature of specimens and atypical clinical presentations that mimic other abdominal diseases, such as Crohn's disease and malignancies. In this review, we made a comprehensive study on the diagnosis of abdominal TB. AREA COVERED Various modalities employed for abdominal TB diagnosis include clinical features, imaging, bacteriological tests (smear/culture), histopathological/cytological observations, interferon-gamma release assays and nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs). Among NAATs, loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay, PCR, multiplex-PCR, nested PCR, real-time PCR and GeneXpert® MTB/RIF were discussed. Identification of circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA by real-time PCR within ascitic fluids is another useful approach. EXPERT OPINION Several novel molecular/immunological methods, such as GeneXpert Ultra, aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay, immuno-PCR (I-PCR) and nanoparticle-based I-PCR have recently been developed for detecting pulmonary TB and several EPTB types, which may also be explored for abdominal TB diagnosis. Precise and prompt diagnosis of abdominal TB may initiate an early therapy so as to reduce the complications, i.e. abdominal pain, ascites, abdominal distension, intestinal obstruction/perforation, etc., and avoid surgical involvement.Plain Language SummaryAbdominal tuberculosis (TB) is a manifestation of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), where peritoneal and intestinal TB are two major forms. Diagnosis of abdominal TB is difficult owing to low bacterial load present in clinical samples and non-specific clinical presentations as it mimics other diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, abdominal malignancies, etc. Bacteriological tests (smear/culture) almost fail owing to poor sensitivities and it is not always possible to get representative tissue samples for histopathological and cytological observations. In recent years, molecular tests i.e. nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), such as PCR/multiplex-PCR (M-PCR), nested PCR and GeneXpert are widely employed. Markedly, PCR/M-PCR and nested PCR exhibited reasonable good sensitivities/specificities, while GeneXpert revealed low sensitivity in most of the studies but high specificity, thus it could assist in differential diagnosis of intestinal TB and Crohn's disease. Further, novel molecular/immunological tests employed for pulmonary TB and other EPTB types were described and those tests can also be utilized to diagnose abdominal TB. Reliable and rapid diagnosis of abdominal TB would initiate an early start of anti-tubercular therapy and reduce the severe complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Mor
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Bhawna Dahiya
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Sanjeev Parshad
- Department of General Surgery, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Pooja Gulati
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Promod K Mehta
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Das S, Jain S, Ilyas M, Anand A, Kumar S, Sharma N, Singh K, Mahlawat R, Sharma TK, Atmakuri K. Development of DNA Aptamers to Visualize Release of Mycobacterial Membrane-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Infected Macrophages. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010045. [PMID: 35056102 PMCID: PMC8779091 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged into a novel vaccine platform, a biomarker and a nano-carrier for approved drugs. Their accurate detection and visualization are central to their utility in varied biomedical fields. Owing to the limitations of fluorescent dyes and antibodies, here, we describe DNA aptamer as a promising tool for visualizing mycobacterial EVs in vitro. Employing SELEX from a large DNA aptamer library, we identified a best-performing aptamer that is highly specific and binds at nanomolar affinity to EVs derived from three diverse mycobacterial strains (pathogenic, attenuated and avirulent). Confocal microscopy revealed that this aptamer was not only bound to in vitro-enriched mycobacterial EVs but also detected EVs that were internalized by THP-1 macrophages and released by infecting mycobacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that detects EVs released by mycobacteria during infection in host macrophages. Within 4 h, most released mycobacterial EVs spread to other parts of the host cell. We predict that this tool will soon hold huge potential in not only delineating mycobacterial EVs-driven pathogenic functions but also in harboring immense propensity to act as a non-invasive diagnostic tool against tuberculosis in general, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonjyoti Das
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory (ATDL), Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group (MCTR), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.D.); (A.A.); (N.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Sapna Jain
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.J.); (M.I.); (S.K.)
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Ilyas
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.J.); (M.I.); (S.K.)
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Anand
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory (ATDL), Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group (MCTR), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.D.); (A.A.); (N.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.J.); (M.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Nishant Sharma
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory (ATDL), Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group (MCTR), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.D.); (A.A.); (N.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India
| | - Kuljit Singh
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory (ATDL), Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group (MCTR), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.D.); (A.A.); (N.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.)
- Clinical Microbiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 18001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rahul Mahlawat
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory (ATDL), Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group (MCTR), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.D.); (A.A.); (N.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Tarun Kumar Sharma
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory (ATDL), Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group (MCTR), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.D.); (A.A.); (N.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (T.K.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Krishnamohan Atmakuri
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; (S.J.); (M.I.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (T.K.S.); (K.A.)
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Dahiya B, Kamra E, Alam D, Chauhan M, Mehta PK. Insight into diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 22:625-642. [PMID: 34882522 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2022.2016395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Female genital tuberculosis (TB) is a common manifestation of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) with varied clinical presentations, i.e. infertility, pelvic pain and menstrual irregularities. Diagnosis of female genital TB is challenging predominantly due to paucibacillary nature of specimens and inconclusive results obtained by most of the routine laboratory tests. AREAS COVERED This review has briefly summarized the epidemiology, clinical features and transmission of female genital TB. Commonly used laboratory tests include bacteriological examination (smear/culture), tuberculin skin testing, interferon-γ release assays, imaging, laparoscopy/hysteroscopy and histopathological/cytological observations. Further, utility of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), like loop-mediated isothermal amplification, PCR, multiplex-PCR, nested PCR, real-time PCR and GeneXpert® could significantly improve the detection of female genital TB. EXPERT OPINION Currently, there is no single test available for the efficient diagnosis of female genital TB, rather a combination of tests is being employed, which yields moderate diagnostic accuracy. The latest modalities developed for diagnosing pulmonary TB and other clinical EPTB forms, i.e. aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay, immuno-PCR (I-PCR), analysis of circulating cell-free DNA by NAATs, and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis biomarkers within extracellular vesicles of bodily fluids by I-PCR/nanoparticle-based I-PCR, may also be exploited to further improve the diagnosis of female genital TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Dahiya
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
| | - Ekta Kamra
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
| | - Danish Alam
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
| | - Meenakshi Chauhan
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
| | - Promod K Mehta
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
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Gupta A, Anand A, Jain N, Goswami S, Anantharaj A, Patil S, Singh R, Kumar A, Shrivastava T, Bhatnagar S, Medigeshi GR, Sharma TK. A novel G-quadruplex aptamer-based spike trimeric antigen test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:321-332. [PMID: 34188971 PMCID: PMC8223116 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has been declared a global health emergency. It will take years to vaccinate the whole population to protect them from this deadly virus, hence the management of SARS-CoV-2 largely depends on the widespread availability of an accurate diagnostic test. Toward addressing the unmet need of a reliable diagnostic test in the current work by utilizing the power of Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment, a 44-mer G-quadruplex-forming DNA aptamer against spike trimer antigen of SARS-CoV-2 was identified. The lead aptamer candidate (S14) was characterized thoroughly for its binding, selectivity, affinity, structure, and batch-to-batch variability by utilizing various biochemical, biophysical, and in silico techniques. S14 has demonstrated a low nanomolar KD, confirming its tight binding to a spike antigen of SARS-CoV-2. S14 can detect as low as 2 nM of antigen. The clinical evaluation of S14 aptamer on nasopharyngeal swab specimens (n = 232) has displayed a highly discriminatory response between SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals from the non-infected one with a sensitivity and specificity of ∼91% and 98%, respectively. Importantly, S14 aptamer-based test has evinced a comparable performance with that of RT-PCR-based assay. Altogether, this study established the utility of aptamer technology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gupta
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Anjali Anand
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Neha Jain
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
| | - Sandeep Goswami
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Anbalagan Anantharaj
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Sharanabasava Patil
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452013, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Shinjini Bhatnagar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | | | - Tarun Kumar Sharma
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - DBT India Consortium for COVID-19 Research
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452013, India
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Identification and Engineering of Aptamers for Theranostic Application in Human Health and Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189661. [PMID: 34575825 PMCID: PMC8469434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An aptamer is a short sequence of synthetic oligonucleotides which bind to their cognate target, specifically while maintaining similar or higher sensitivity compared to an antibody. The in-vitro selection of an aptamer, applying a conjoining approach of chemistry and molecular biology, is referred as Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX). These initial products of SELEX are further modified chemically in an attempt to make them stable in biofluid, avoiding nuclease digestion and renal clearance. While the modification is incorporated, enough care should be taken to maintain its sensitivity and specificity. These modifications and several improvisations have widened the window frame of aptamer applications that are currently not only restricted to in-vitro systems, but have also been used in molecular imaging for disease pathology and treatment. In the food industry, it has been used as sensor for detection of different diseases and fungal infections. In this review, we have discussed a brief history of its journey, along with applications where its role as a therapeutic plus diagnostic (theranostic) tool has been demonstrated. We have also highlighted the potential aptamer-mediated strategies for molecular targeting of COVID-19. Finally, the review focused on its future prospective in immunotherapy, as well as in identification of novel biomarkers in stem cells and also in single cell proteomics (scProteomics) to study intra or inter-tumor heterogeneity at the protein level. Small size, chemical synthesis, low batch variation, cost effectiveness, long shelf life and low immunogenicity provide advantages to the aptamer over the antibody. These physical and chemical properties of aptamers render them as a strong biomedical tool for theranostic purposes over the existing ones. The significance of aptamers in human health was the key finding of this review.
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Devi S, Sharma N, Ahmed T, Huma ZI, Kour S, Sahoo B, Singh AK, Macesic N, Lee SJ, Gupta MK. Aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in animals: Current potential and challenges. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5081-5093. [PMID: 34466086 PMCID: PMC8381015 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast and precise diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious animal diseases and their targeted treatments are of utmost importance for their clinical management. The existing biochemical, serological and molecular methods of disease diagnosis need improvement in their specificity, sensitivity and cost and, are generally not amenable for being used as points-of-care (POC) device. Further, with dramatic changes in environment and farm management practices, one should also arm ourselves and prepare for emerging and re-emerging animal diseases such as cancer, prion diseases, COVID-19, influenza etc. Aptamer – oligonucleotide or short peptides that can specifically bind to target molecules – have increasingly become popular in developing biosensors for sensitive detection of analytes, pathogens (bacteria, virus, fungus, prions), drug residues, toxins and, cancerous cells. They have also been proven successful in the cellular delivery of drugs and targeted therapy of infectious diseases and physiological disorders. However, the in vivo application of aptamer-mediated biosensing and therapy in animals has been limited. This paper reviews the existing reports on the application of aptamer-based biosensors and targeted therapy in animals. It also dissects the various modifications to aptamers that were found to be successful in in vivo application of the aptamers in diagnostics and therapeutics. Finally, it also highlights major challenges and future directions in the application of aptamers in the field of veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Devi
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Neelesh Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
- Corresponding author at: Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181102, India.
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Zul I. Huma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Savleen Kour
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Bijayalaxmi Sahoo
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Experimental Animal Facility, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, U.P., India
| | - Nino Macesic
- Clinic for Reproduction and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sung Jin Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gupta
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
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22
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Wan Q, Liu X, Zu Y. Oligonucleotide aptamers for pathogen detection and infectious disease control. Theranostics 2021; 11:9133-9161. [PMID: 34522231 PMCID: PMC8419047 DOI: 10.7150/thno.61804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During an epidemic or pandemic, the primary task is to rapidly develop precise diagnostic approaches and effective therapeutics. Oligonucleotide aptamer-based pathogen detection assays and control therapeutics are promising, as aptamers that specifically recognize and block pathogens can be quickly developed and produced through simple chemical synthesis. This work reviews common aptamer-based diagnostic techniques for communicable diseases and summarizes currently available aptamers that target various pathogens, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Moreover, this review discusses how oligonucleotide aptamers might be leveraged to control pathogen propagation and improve host immune system responses. This review offers a comprehensive data source to the further develop aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics specific for infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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23
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Martin DR, Sibuyi NR, Dube P, Fadaka AO, Cloete R, Onani M, Madiehe AM, Meyer M. Aptamer-Based Diagnostic Systems for the Rapid Screening of TB at the Point-of-Care. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1352. [PMID: 34441287 PMCID: PMC8391981 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmission of Tuberculosis (TB) is very rapid and the burden it places on health care systems is felt globally. The effective management and prevention of this disease requires that it is detected early. Current TB diagnostic approaches, such as the culture, sputum smear, skin tuberculin, and molecular tests are time-consuming, and some are unaffordable for low-income countries. Rapid tests for disease biomarker detection are mostly based on immunological assays that use antibodies which are costly to produce, have low sensitivity and stability. Aptamers can replace antibodies in these diagnostic tests for the development of new rapid tests that are more cost effective; more stable at high temperatures and therefore have a better shelf life; do not have batch-to-batch variations, and thus more consistently bind to a specific target with similar or higher specificity and selectivity and are therefore more reliable. Advancements in TB research, in particular the application of proteomics to identify TB specific biomarkers, led to the identification of a number of biomarker proteins, that can be used to develop aptamer-based diagnostic assays able to screen individuals at the point-of-care (POC) more efficiently in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Riziki Martin
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Nicole Remaliah Sibuyi
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Phumuzile Dube
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Ruben Cloete
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Martin Onani
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Mervin Meyer
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre-Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (D.R.M.); (N.R.S.); (P.D.); (A.O.F.); (A.M.M.)
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24
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Srivastava S, Abraham PR, Mukhopadhyay S. Aptamers: An Emerging Tool for Diagnosis and Therapeutics in Tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:656421. [PMID: 34277465 PMCID: PMC8280756 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.656421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) has been plaguing human civilization for centuries, and currently around one-third of the global population is affected with TB. Development of novel intervention tools for early diagnosis and therapeutics against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is the main thrust area in today's scenario. In this direction global efforts were made to use aptamers, the chemical antibodies as tool for TB diagnostics and therapeutics. This review describes the various aptamers introduced for targeting M.tb and highlights the need for development of novel aptamers to selectively target virulent proteins of M.tb for vaccine and anti-TB drugs. The objective of this review is to highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic application of aptamers used for tuberculosis. The discovery of aptamers, SELEX technology, different types of SELEX development processes, DNA and RNA aptamers reported for diseases and pathogenic agents as well have also been described in detail. But the emphasis of this review is on the development of aptamers which can block the function of virulent mycobacterial components for developing newer TB vaccine candidates and/or drug targets. Aptamers designed to target M.tb cell wall proteins, virulent factors, secretory proteins, or combination could orchestrate advanced diagnosis and therapeutic measures for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Srivastava
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Philip Raj Abraham
- Unit of OMICS, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre (VCRC), Puducherry, India
| | - Sangita Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, India
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25
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Omar RA, Verma N, Arora PK. Development of ESAT-6 Based Immunosensor for the Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653853. [PMID: 34093542 PMCID: PMC8170314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) has recently been identified as a biomarker for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. We propose a stable and reusable immunosensor for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis based on the detection and quantification of ESAT-6 via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The immunosensor was synthesized by polymerizing aniline dispersed with the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Ni nanoparticles, followed by surface modification of the electroconductive polyaniline (PANI) film with anti-ESAT-6 antibody. Physicochemical characterization of the prepared materials was performed by several analytical techniques, including FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, FT-IR, Raman, TGA, TPR, and BET surface area analysis. The antibody-modified Ni-rGO-PANI electrode exhibited an approximately linear response (R2 = 0.988) towards ESAT-6 during CV measurements over the potential range of -1 to +1 V. The lower detection limit for ESAT-6 was approximately 1.0 ng mL-1. The novelty of this study includes the development of the reusable Ni-rGO-PANI-based electrochemical immunosensor for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis. Furthermore, this study successfully demonstrates that electro-conductive PANI may be used as a polymeric substrate for Ni nanoparticles and rGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Anand Omar
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Nishith Verma
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Arora
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
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26
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Singhal C, Bruno JG, Kaushal A, Sharma TK. Recent Advances and a Roadmap to Aptamer-Based Sensors for Bloodstream Infections. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3962-3984. [PMID: 35006817 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present review is intended to describe bloodstream infections (BSIs), the major pathogens responsible for BSIs, conventional tests and their limitations, commercially available methods used, and the aptamer and nanomaterials-based approaches developed so far for the detection of BSIs. The advantages associated with aptamers and the aptamer-based sensors, the comparison between the aptamers and the antibodies, and the various types of aptasensors developed so far for the detection of bloodstream infections have been described in detail in the present review. Also, the future outlook and roadmap toward aptamer-based sensors and the challenges associated with the aptamer development have also been concluded in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali Singhal
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostic Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - John G Bruno
- Nanohmics, Inc., Austin, Texas 78741, United States
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Centre of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Tarun K Sharma
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostic Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
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27
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Kamra E, Mehta PK. Current updates in diagnosis of male urogenital tuberculosis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 19:1175-1190. [PMID: 33688791 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1902305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) is a common manifestation of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), which affects both men and women in a ratio of 2:1. Similar to other EPTB types, diagnosis of UGTB is quite challenging owing to atypical clinical presentation and paucibacillary nature of specimens. This review is primarily focused on the current updates developed in the diagnosis of male UGTB.Area covered: Smear/culture, imaging, histopathology, and interferon-γ release assays are the main modalities employed for detecting male UGTB cases. Moreover, we described the utility of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), including loop-mediated isothermal amplification, PCR, nested-PCR, and GeneXpert (MTB/RIF) assays. The possibility of using other novel modalities, such as immuno-PCR (I-PCR), aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay (ALISA), and identification of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) by NAATs were also discussed.Expert opinion: The current methods used for the diagnosis of male UGTB are not adequate. Therefore, the latest molecular/immunological tools, i.e. Xpert Ultra, Truenat MTBTM, I-PCR, ALISA, and cfDNA detection employed for the diagnosis of other EPTB forms and pulmonary TB may also be exploited for UGTB diagnosis. Reliable and timely diagnosis of male UGTB may initiate an early start of anti-tubercular therapy that would reduce infertility and other complications associated with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Kamra
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Promod K Mehta
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Abstract
Since the discovery of the enzyme-like activities of nanomaterials, the study of nanozymes has become one of the most popular research frontiers of diverse areas including biosensors. DNA also plays a very important role in the construction of biosensors. Thus, the idea of combined applications of nanozymes with DNA (DNA-nanozyme) is very attractive for the development of nanozyme-based biosensors, which has attracted considerable interest of researchers. To date, many sensors based on DNA-functionalized or templated nanozymes have been reported for the detection of various targets and highly accelerated the development of nanozyme-based sensors. In this review, we summarize the main applications and advances of DNA-nanozyme-based sensors. Additionally, perspectives and challenges are also discussed at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhong Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoyin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Qinshu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China. and Nanjing Normal University Centre for Analysis and Testing, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Dai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China. and Nanjing Normal University Centre for Analysis and Testing, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
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29
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Mycobacteriophage SWU1-Functionalized magnetic particles for facile bioluminescent detection of Mycobacterium smegmatis. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1145:17-25. [PMID: 33453875 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), the causative agent of tuberculosis, ranks one of the most dangerous pathogens for its large deaths toll. Due to its characteristic extremely slow growth, the conventional culture-based protocol cannot meet the requirement for the efficient diagnosis of M. tuberculosis-induced tuberculosis. With our previously isolated mycobacteriophage SWU1, we tried to develop a mycobacteriophage-based protocol for detecting Mycobacterium genus. In this work, Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) was used as a model due to its similar physiological features as pathogenic M. tuberculosis, much faster growth and nonpathogenic property. Mycobacteriophage SWU1-functionalized magnetic particles (SWU1-MPs) were used as highly efficient separation carriers for the viable host M. smegmatis. After a replication cycle of approximate 60 min, the cells of M. smegmatis were disrupted by the progeny mycobacteriophages to release intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The bioluminescent (BL) signal of released ATP was collected to quantitate the amount of M. smegmatis. For the developed protocol, the detection range is 5.0 × 102 to 5.0 × 105 CFU mL-1, and the detection limit is 3.8 × 102 CFU mL-1 (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the protocol can exclude the potential interference of 3 non-pathogenic mycobacteria and 6 other bacterial species. It has been successfully applied to quantitate M. smegmatis in human urine, human saliva, and human serum. The results demonstrate its application potential for a simple, fast, and specific diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection.
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Li HY, Jia WN, Li XY, Zhang L, Liu C, Wu J. Advances in detection of infectious agents by aptamer-based technologies. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:1671-1681. [PMID: 32623963 PMCID: PMC7473197 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1792352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases still remain one of the biggest challenges for human health. Accurate and early detection of infectious pathogens are crucial for transmission control, clinical diagnosis, and therapy. For a traditional reason, most immunological and microbiological laboratories are equipped with instruments designated for antibody-based assays in detection of infectious pathogens or clinical diagnosis. Emerging aptamer-based technologies have pushed a shift from antibody-based to aptamer-based assays due to equal specificity, even better sensitivity, lower manufacturing cost and more flexibility in amending for chemiluminescent, electrochemical or fluorescent detection in a multifaceted and high throughput fashion in comparison of aptamer-based to antibody-based assays. The nature of aptamer-based technologies is particularly suitable for point-of-care testing in remote areas at warm or hot atmosphere, and mass screening for potential infection in pandemic of emerging infectious agents, such as SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in an epicentre or other regions. This review intends to summarize currently available aptamer-based technologies in detection of bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens for research and clinical application. It is anticipated that potential technologies will be further optimized and validated for clinical translation in meeting increasing demands for prompt, precise, and reliable detection of specific pathogens in various atmospheric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yan Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan-Nan Jia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yi Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Taneja V, Goel M, Shankar U, Kumar A, Khilnani GC, Prasad HK, Prasad GBKS, Gupta UD, Sharma TK. An Aptamer Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay (ALISA) to Detect Circulatory IFN-α, an Inflammatory Protein among Tuberculosis Patients. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:656-666. [PMID: 33063508 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of IFN-α is the basis for pathogenesis of autoimmune as well as infectious diseases. Identifying inflammatory signatures in peripheral blood of patients is an approach for monitoring active infection. Hence, estimation of type I IFNs as an inflammatory biomarker to scrutinize disease status after treatment is useful. Accordingly, an Aptamer Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay (ALISA) for the detection of IFN-α in serum samples was developed. Sixteen aptamers were screened for their ability to bind IFN-α. Aptamer IFNα-3 exhibited specificity for IFN-α with no cross-reactivity with interferons β and γ and human serum albumin. The disassociation constant (Kd) was determined to be 3.96 ± 0.36 nM, and the limit of detection was ∼2 ng. The characterized IFNα-3 aptamer was used in ALISA to screen tuberculosis (TB) patients' sera. An elevated IFN-α level in sera derived from untreated TB patients (median = 0.31), compared to nontuberculous household contacts (median = 0.13) and healthy volunteers (median = 0.12), and further a decline in IFN-α level among treated patients (median = 0.13) were seen. The ALISA assay facilitates direct estimation of inflammatory protein(s) in circulation unlike mRNA estimation by real time PCR. Designing of aptamers similar to the IFNα-3 aptamer provides a novel approach to assess other inflammatory protein(s) in patients before, during, and after completion of treatment and would denote clinical improvement in successfully treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Taneja
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, 282001, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh 474011, India
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Incubator, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, India
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Manish Goel
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Uma Shankar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Gopi C. Khilnani
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Hanumanthappa K. Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | | | - Umesh D. Gupta
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, 282001, India
| | - Tarun K. Sharma
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostics Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Incubator, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, India
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32
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Mohd Amiruddin M, Ang GY, Yu CY, Falero-Diaz G, Otero O, Reyes F, Camacho F, Chin K, Sarmiento M, Norazmi M, Acosta A, Yean Yean C. Development of an immunochromatographic lateral flow dipstick for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 16 kDa antigen (Mtb-strip). J Microbiol Methods 2020; 176:106003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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33
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Defining Target Product Profiles (TPPs) for Aptamer-Based Diagnostics. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 174:195-209. [PMID: 31332450 DOI: 10.1007/10_2019_104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Defining target product profiles (TPPs) for aptamer-based diagnostics is crucial to the success or failure of aptamer businesses or products. A well-conceived TPP will place the aptamer in an assay for a target against which antibodies are ill-suited or have difficulty detecting the analyte, such as some highly related proteins or poorly immunogenic small molecule haptens. Strong TPPs can also take advantage of the unique nucleic acid nature of aptamers, to produce assays with longer shelf life or special chemical properties and ability to be modified versus protein-based antibodies. The following chapter reviews the essence of well-conceived TPPs especially with respect to aptamer targets for diagnostics and illustrates several examples of commercial aptamer diagnostic success. Graphical Abstract.
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34
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Trunzo NE, Hong KL. Recent Progress in the Identification of Aptamers Against Bacterial Origins and Their Diagnostic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145074. [PMID: 32708376 PMCID: PMC7404326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers have gained an increasing role as the molecular recognition element (MRE) in diagnostic assay development, since their first conception thirty years ago. The process to screen for nucleic acid-based binding elements (aptamers) was first described in 1990 by the Gold Laboratory. In the last three decades, many aptamers have been identified for a wide array of targets. In particular, the number of reports on investigating single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamer applications in biosensing and diagnostic platforms have increased significantly in recent years. This review article summarizes the recent (2015 to 2020) progress of ssDNA aptamer research on bacteria, proteins, and lipids of bacterial origins that have implications for human infections. The basic process of aptamer selection, the principles of aptamer-based biosensors, and future perspectives will also be discussed.
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35
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Reid R, Chatterjee B, Das SJ, Ghosh S, Sharma TK. Application of aptamers as molecular recognition elements in lateral flow assays. Anal Biochem 2020; 593:113574. [PMID: 31911046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their ease in operation and fast turnaround time, lateral flow assays (LFAs) are increasingly being used as point-of-care diagnostic tests for variety of analytes. In a majority of these LFAs, antibodies are used as a molecular recognition element. Antibodies have a number of limitations such as high batch-to-batch variation, poor stability, long development time, difficulty in functionalization and need for ethical approval and cold chain. All these factors pose a great challenge to scale up the antibody-based tests. In recent years, the advent of aptamer technology has made a paradigm shift in the point-of-care diagnostics owing to the various advantages of aptamers over antibodies that favour their adaptability on a variety of sensing platforms including the lateral flow. In this review, we have highlighted the advantages of aptamers over antibodies, suitability of aptamers for lateral flow platforms, different types of aptamer-based LFAs and various labels for aptamer-based LFAs. We have also provided a summary of the applications of aptamer technology in LFAs for analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Reid
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, UK
| | - Bandhan Chatterjee
- Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Soon Jyoti Das
- Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, UK.
| | - Tarun Kumar Sharma
- Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India.
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McConnell EM, Cozma I, Morrison D, Li Y. Biosensors Made of Synthetic Functional Nucleic Acids Toward Better Human Health. Anal Chem 2019; 92:327-344. [PMID: 31656066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M McConnell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
| | - Ioana Cozma
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1.,Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
| | - Devon Morrison
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada , L8S 4K1
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Exploring electrochemistry of carbon nanodots and its application in noninvasive bacterial growth monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 144:111640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Das R, Dhiman A, Mishra SK, Haldar S, Sharma N, Bansal A, Ahmad Y, Kumar A, Tyagi JS, Sharma TK. Structural switching electrochemical DNA aptasensor for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2103-2113. [PMID: 30988611 PMCID: PMC6440448 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s189127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most devastating manifestation of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. About 33% of TBM patients die due to very late diagnosis of the disease. Conventional diagnostic methods based on signs and symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) smear microscopy or liquid culture suffer from either poor sensitivity or long turnaround time (up to 8 weeks). Therefore, in order to manage the disease efficiently, there is an urgent and unmet need for a rapid and reliable diagnostic test. Methods In the current study, to address the diagnostic challenge of TBM, a highly rapid and sensitive structural switching electrochemical aptasensor was developed by combining the electrochemical property of methylene blue (MB) with the molecular recognition ability of a ssDNA aptamer. To demonstrate the clinical diagnostic utility of the developed aptasensor, a blinded study was performed on 81 archived CSF specimens using differential pulse voltammetry. Results The electrochemical aptasensor developed in the current study can detect as low as 10 pg HspX in CSF background and yields a highly discriminatory response (P<0.0001) for TBM and not-TBM categories with ~95% sensitivity and ~97.5% specificity and has the ability to deliver sample-to-answer in ≤30 minutes. Conclusion In summary, we demonstrate a new aptamer-based electrochemical biosensing strategy by exploiting the target-induced structural switching of H63 SL-2 M6 aptamer and electroactivity of aptamer-tagged MB for the detection of HspX in CSF samples for the diagnosis of TBM. Further, the clinical utility of this sensor could be extended for the diagnosis of other forms of tuberculosis in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Das
- AptaBharat Innovation Pvt. Ltd., Faridabad, India,
| | - Abhijeet Dhiman
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, .,Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttarakhand Technical University (UTU), Dehradun, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Mishra
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Sagarika Haldar
- Center for Biodesign and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India, , .,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | - Yusra Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttarakhand Technical University (UTU), Dehradun, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Jaya Sivaswami Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, .,Center for Biodesign and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India, ,
| | - Tarun Kumar Sharma
- AptaBharat Innovation Pvt. Ltd., Faridabad, India, .,Center for Biodesign and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India, ,
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Aptamer-mediated colorimetric and electrochemical detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizing peroxidase-mimic activity of gold NanoZyme. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1229-1238. [PMID: 30637436 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite of various advancements in biosensing, a rapid, accurate, and on-site detection of a bacterial pathogen is a real challenge due to the lack of appropriate diagnostic platforms. To address this unmet need, we herein report an aptamer-mediated tunable NanoZyme sensor for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an infectious bacterial pathogen. Our approach exploits the inherent peroxidase-like NanoZyme activity of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in combination with high affinity and specificity of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-specific aptamer (F23). The presence of aptamer inhibits the inherent peroxidase-like activity of GNPs by simple adsorption on to the surface of GNPs. However, in the presence of cognate target (P. aeruginosa), owing to the high affinity for P. aeruginosa, the aptamer leaves the GNP surface, allowing GNPs to resume their peroxidase-like activity, resulting in oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). As TMB is an electrochemically active species, we have been able to translate the NanoZyme-based method into an ultrasensitive electrochemical assay using disposable carbon screen-printed electrode. This approach is highly sensitive and allows us to rapidly detect P. aeruginosa with a low-end detection limit of ~ 60 CFU/mL in water within 10 min. This generic aptamer-NanoZyme-based electrochemical sensing strategy may, in principle, be applicable for the detection of various other bacterial pathogens.
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Chatterjee B, Kalyani N, Das S, Anand A, Sharma TK. Nano-realm for point-of-care (POC) bacterial diagnostics. J Microbiol Methods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mim.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kumari P, Lavania S, Tyagi S, Dhiman A, Rath D, Anthwal D, Gupta RK, Sharma N, Gadpayle AK, Taneja RS, Sharma L, Ahmad Y, Sharma TK, Haldar S, Tyagi JS. A novel aptamer-based test for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis. Anal Biochem 2018; 564-565:80-87. [PMID: 30352198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pleural tuberculosis (pTB) is diagnosed by using a composite reference standard (CRS) since microbiological methods are grossly inadequate and an accurate diagnostic test remains an unmet need. The present study aimed to evaluate the utility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigen and DNA-based tests for pTB diagnosis. Patients were classified as 'Definite TB', 'Probable TB' and 'Non-TB' disease according to the CRS. We assessed the performance of in-house antigen detection assays, namely antibody-based Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) and aptamer-based Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay (ALISA), targeting Mtb HspX protein and DNA-based tests namely, Xpert MTB/RIF and in-house devR-qPCR. ROC curves were generated for the combined group of 'Definite TB' and 'Probable TB' vs. 'Non-TB' disease group and cut-off values were derived to provide specificity of ≥98%. The sensitivity of ALISA was ∼93% vs. ∼24% of ELISA (p-value ≤0.0001). devR-qPCR exhibited a sensitivity of 50% vs. ∼22% of Xpert (p-value ≤0.01). This novel aptamer-based ALISA test surpasses the sensitivity criterion and matches the specificity requirement spelt out in the 'Target product profile' for extrapulmonary tuberculosis samples by Unitaid (Sensitivity ≥80%, Specificity 98%). The superior performance of the aptamer-based ALISA test indicates its translational potential to bridge the existing gap in pTB diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Surabhi Lavania
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Shaifali Tyagi
- Center for Bio-design and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Abhijeet Dhiman
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India; Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Rath
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Divya Anthwal
- Center for Bio-design and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Center for Bio-design and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Neera Sharma
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - A K Gadpayle
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - R S Taneja
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Yusra Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Sharma
- Center for Bio-design and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India; AptaBharat Innovation Pvt. Ltd., Translational Health Science and Technology Institute Incubator, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India.
| | - Sagarika Haldar
- Center for Bio-design and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India.
| | - Jaya Sivaswami Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India; Center for Bio-design and Diagnostics, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India.
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