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Liu YC, Wang ZX, Pan JY, Wang LQ, Dai XY, Wu KF, Ye XW, Xu XL. Recent Advances in Imaging Agents Anchored with pH (Low) Insertion Peptides for Cancer Theranostics. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052175. [PMID: 36903419 PMCID: PMC10004179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The acidic extracellular microenvironment has become an effective target for diagnosing and treating tumors. A pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP) is a kind of peptide that can spontaneously fold into a transmembrane helix in an acidic microenvironment, and then insert into and cross the cell membrane for material transfer. The characteristics of the acidic tumor microenvironment provide a new method for pH-targeted molecular imaging and tumor-targeted therapy. As research has increased, the role of pHLIP as an imaging agent carrier in the field of tumor theranostics has become increasingly prominent. In this paper, we describe the current applications of pHLIP-anchored imaging agents for tumor diagnosis and treatment in terms of different molecular imaging methods, including magnetic resonance T1 imaging, magnetic resonance T2 imaging, SPECT/PET, fluorescence imaging, and photoacoustic imaging. Additionally, we discuss relevant challenges and future development prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Liu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Wang
- First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jing-Yi Pan
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Ling-Qi Wang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xin-Yi Dai
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Ke-Fei Wu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xue-Wei Ye
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhang H, Zhang J, Chen Y, Wu T, Lu M, Chen Z, Jia Y, Yang Y, Ling Y, Zhou Y. Hollow carbon nanospheres embedded with stoichiometric γ-Fe 2O 3 and GdPO 4: tuning the nanospheres for in vitro and in vivo size effect evaluation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1414-1421. [PMID: 36133683 PMCID: PMC9417868 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00771h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The size modulation of hollow carbon nanospheres (HCSs) has attracted great interest in the contexts of cellular uptake, drug delivery and bioimaging. In this study, a facile fabrication method was specifically used to minimize all influencing factors except for the particle size. A series of nanoparticles of hollow carbon nanospheres embedded with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanoagent γ-Fe2O3 and GdPO4 nanoparticles (Fe-Gd/HCS), were successfully prepared and applied to in vitro/vivo evaluation with well-defined sizes of ∼100 nm (Fe-Gd/HCS-S), ∼200 nm (Fe-Gd/HCS-M), and ∼300 nm (Fe-Gd/HCS-L), respectively. Then the in vitro size effect of Fe-Gd/HCS was systematically investigated by bio-TEM, CLSM, CCK-8 assay, and flow cytometry revealing that Fe-Gd/HCS could be internalized and the cellular uptake amounts increase with the decrease of size. Furthermore, the in vivo size-effect behavior of Fe-Gd/HCS (∼100 nm, ∼200 nm, ∼300 nm) was tracked by MRI technique, demonstrating that all Fe-Gd/HCS can distinguish the liver, in which Fe-Gd/HCS with the smallest particle size exhibited the best performance among these nanoparticles. By leveraging on these features, Fe-Gd/HCS-S (∼100 nm) was further chosen as a theranostic agent, preliminarily presenting its capability for multi-modal imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yi Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Tianze Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Mingzhu Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhenxia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yu Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yongtai Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute Zhuhai Guangdong 519000 China
| | - Yaming Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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Chen SY, Xu XX, Li X, Yi NB, Li SZ, Xiang XC, Cheng DB, Sun T. Recent advances in the intracellular delivery of macromolecule therapeutics. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6642-6655. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01348g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the uptake pathway of intracellular delivery vehicles for macromolecule therapeutics, and provides in-depth discussions and prospects about intracellular delivery of macromolecule therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiao-Xue Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Ning-Bo Yi
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Shi-Zhuo Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xing-Cheng Xiang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Dong-Bing Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
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Demin AM, Pershina AG, Minin AS, Brikunova OY, Murzakaev AM, Perekucha NA, Romashchenko AV, Shevelev OB, Uimin MA, Byzov IV, Malkeyeva D, Kiseleva E, Efimova LV, Vtorushin SV, Ogorodova LM, Krasnov VP. Smart Design of a pH-Responsive System Based on pHLIP-Modified Magnetite Nanoparticles for Tumor MRI. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36800-36815. [PMID: 34324807 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs) are often used to design agents enhancing contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that can be considered as one of the efficient methods for cancer diagnostics. At present, increasing the specificity of the MRI contrast agent accumulation in tumor tissues remains an open question and attracts the attention of a wide range of researchers. One of the modern methods for enhancing the efficiency of contrast agents is the use of molecules for tumor acidic microenvironment targeting, for example, pH-low insertion peptide (pHLIP). We designed novel organosilicon MNPs covered with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and covalently modified by pHLIP. To study the specific features of the binding of pHLIP-modified MNPs to cells, we also obtained nanoconjugates with Cy5 fluorescent dye embedded in the SiO2 shell. The nanoconjugates obtained were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), attenuated total reflection (ATR), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV and fluorescence spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), CHN elemental analyses, and vibrating sample magnetometry. Low cytotoxicity and high specificity of cellular uptake of pHLIP-modified MNPs at pH 6.4 versus 7.4 (up to 23-fold) were demonstrated in vitro. The dynamics of the nanoconjugate accumulation in the 4T1 breast cancer orthotopically grown in BALB/c mice and MDA-MB231 xenografts was evaluated in MRI experiments. Biodistribution and biocompatibility studies of the obtained nanoconjugate showed no pathological change in organs and in the blood biochemical parameters of mice after MNP administration. A high accumulation rate of pHLIP-modified MNPs in tumor compared with PEGylated MNPs after their intravenous administration was demonstrated. Thus, we propose a promising approach to design an MRI agent with the tumor acidic microenvironment targeting ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Demin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), 620108 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra G Pershina
- Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Artem S Minin
- Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), 620990 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Olga Ya Brikunova
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Aidar M Murzakaev
- Institute of Electrophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), 620016 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620000 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | | | - Alexander V Romashchenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch), 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg B Shevelev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch), 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Uimin
- Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), 620990 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Iliya V Byzov
- Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), 620990 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Dina Malkeyeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch), 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch), 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Sergey V Vtorushin
- Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Victor P Krasnov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), 620108 Yekaterinburg, Russia
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5
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Pershina AG, Brikunova OY, Demin AM, Abakumov MA, Vaneev AN, Naumenko VA, Erofeev AS, Gorelkin PV, Nizamov TR, Muslimov AR, Timin AS, Malkeyeva D, Kiseleva E, Vtorushin SV, Larionova IV, Gereng EA, Minin AS, Murzakaev AM, Krasnov VP, Majouga AG, Ogorodova LM. Variation in tumor pH affects pH-triggered delivery of peptide-modified magnetic nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2021; 32:102317. [PMID: 33096245 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Acidification of the extracellular matrix, an intrinsic characteristic of many solid tumors, is widely exploited for physiologically triggered delivery of contrast agents, drugs, and nanoparticles to tumor. However, pH of tumor microenvironment shows intra- and inter-tumor variation. Herein, we investigate the impact of this variation on pH-triggered delivery of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified with pH-(low)-insertion peptide (pHLIP). Fluorescent flow cytometry, laser confocal scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy data proved that pHLIP-conjugated MNPs interacted with 4T1 cells in two-dimensional culture and in spheroids more effectively at pH 6.4 than at pH 7.2, and entered the cell via clathrin-independent endocytosis. The accumulation efficiency of pHLIP-conjugated MNPs in 4T1 tumors after their intravenous injection, monitored in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging, showed variation. Analysis of the tumor pH profiles recorded with implementation of original nanoprobe pH sensor, revealed obvious correlation between pH measured in the tumor with the amount of accumulated MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G Pershina
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.
| | | | - Alexander M Demin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis UB RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Maxim A Abakumov
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N Vaneev
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor A Naumenko
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia; V. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Erofeev
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter V Gorelkin
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia; Medical Nanotechnology LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur R Nizamov
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Albert R Muslimov
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S Timin
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dina Malkeyeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey V Vtorushin
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina V Larionova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center RAS, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Artem S Minin
- Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics UB RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Aidar M Murzakaev
- Institute of Electrophysics UB RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia; Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Victor P Krasnov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis UB RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia; Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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6
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Reshetnyak YK, Moshnikova A, Andreev OA, Engelman DM. Targeting Acidic Diseased Tissues by pH-Triggered Membrane-Associated Peptide Folding. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:335. [PMID: 32411684 PMCID: PMC7198868 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The advantages of targeted therapy have motivated many efforts to find distinguishing features between the molecular cell surface landscapes of diseased and normal cells. Typically, the features have been proteins, lipids or carbohydrates, but other approaches are emerging. In this discussion, we examine the use of cell surface acidity as a feature that can be exploited by using pH-sensitive peptide folding to target agents to diseased cell surfaces or cytoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana K Reshetnyak
- Department of Physics, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Anna Moshnikova
- Department of Physics, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Oleg A Andreev
- Department of Physics, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Donald M Engelman
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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7
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Han H, Hou Y, Chen X, Zhang P, Kang M, Jin Q, Ji J, Gao M. Metformin-Induced Stromal Depletion to Enhance the Penetration of Gemcitabine-Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles for Pancreatic Cancer Targeted Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4944-4954. [PMID: 32069041 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, as one of the most aggressive cancers, is characterized by rich desmoplastic stroma that forms a physical barrier for anticancer drugs. To address this issue, we herein report a two-step sequential delivery strategy for targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer with gemcitabine (GEM). In this sequential strategy, metformin (MET) was first administrated to disrupt the dense stroma, based on the fact that MET downregulated the expression of fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β to suppress the activity of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), through the 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway of PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells. In consequence, the PSC-mediated desmoplastic reactions generating α-smooth muscle actin and collagen were inhibited, which promoted the delivery of GEM and pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP) comodified magnetic nanoparticles (denoted as GEM-MNP-pHLIP). In addition, pHLIP largely increased the binding affinity of the nanodrug to PANC-1 cells. The targeted delivery and effective accumulation of MET/GEM-MNP-pHLIP in vivo were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging enhanced by the underlying magnetic nanoparticles. The tumor growth inhibition of the sequential MET and GEM-MNP-pHLIP treatment were investigated on both subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor mice models. A remarkably improved therapeutic efficacy, for example, up to 91.2% growth inhibition ratio over 30 d of treatment, well-exemplified the novel cascade treatment for pancreatic cancer and the innovative use of MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yi Hou
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Peisen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | | | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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8
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Yu KK, Li K, Lu CY, Xie YM, Liu YH, Zhou Q, Bao JK, Yu XQ. Multifunctional gold nanoparticles as smart nanovehicles with enhanced tumour-targeting abilities for intracellular pH mapping and in vivo MR/fluorescence imaging. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:2002-2010. [PMID: 31912068 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06347a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A number of multimodal agents have been developed for tumour imaging and diagnosis, but most of them cannot be used to study the detailed physiological or pathological changes in living cells at the same time. Herein, a series of pH-responsive magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging (MRI/FI) dual-modal "nanovehicles" are developed and tested. These new dual-modal materials allow for intercellular pH sensing, and those with units that are dually sensitive towards both acidic and basic environments have the ability for intracellular pH mapping and can be used to quantify pH at the cellular level. In addition, detailed pH changes in organelles (including lysosomes and mitochondria) can be investigated at the same time. On the other hand, with the tumour-targeting peptide (cRGD)-modified dual-modal nanovehicles, in vivo tumour MR and fluorescence imaging, which is suitable for cancer diagnosis, can be achieved. Moreover, it has been proved that these materials can pass through the blood brain barrier (BBB). By combining the above mentioned promising properties, these novel multifunctional "nanovehicles" may provide a new method for studying the role of pH during cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Kang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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9
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Zhang K, Lin H, Mao J, Luo X, Wei R, Su Z, Zhou B, Li D, Gao J, Shan H. An extracellular pH-driven targeted multifunctional manganese arsenite delivery system for tumor imaging and therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2480-2490. [PMID: 30957825 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00216b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Expanding the use of arsenic trioxide (ATO, As2O3) in cancer chemotherapy has received extensive attention in recent years owing to its remarkable efficacy in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). To date, the use of ATO for clinical treatment of solid tumors is still limited by its poor biocompatibility and severe toxic side effects. To address these limitations, here we developed a pH-low insertion peptide (pHLIP) modified ATO-based multifunctional drug-delivery system (DDS), which is termed MnAs@SiO2-pHLIP. With the coating of pHLIP, MnAs@SiO2-pHLIP could efficiently target the acidic tumor microenvironment, resulting in high intracellular accumulation of the DDS. As a "smart" nanoparticle (NP) platform, the DDS could controllably discharge the loaded ATO in response to acidic environments, which promotes the apoptosis of cancer cells. The features of controlled release capacity and the outstanding targeting ability contribute to better anticancer efficacy and less toxicity towards normal tissues compared with free ATO. It is worth noting that the acidic tumor microenvironment would also trigger the release of manganese ions (Mn2+) that brighten the T1 signal, which is exploited for real-time monitoring via contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These multifunctional features, as demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo experiments, could potentially expand the use of ATO to the treatment of solid tumors. We believe that MnAs@SiO2-pHLIP could serve as an auspicious agent for cancer theranostics and find tremendous applications in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Center for Interventional Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China.
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10
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Immobilization of a pH-low insertion peptide onto SiO2/aminosilane-coated magnetite nanoparticles. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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11
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Ghann W, Kang H, Uddin J, Gonawala SJ, Mahatabuddin S, Ali MM. Dendrimer-based Nanoparticle for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells with Improved Efficiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 9. [PMID: 29862135 PMCID: PMC5976458 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439.1000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dye sensitized solar cells were fabricated with DyLight680 (DL680) dye and its corresponding europium conjugated dendrimer, DL680-Eu-G5PAMAM, to study the effect of europium on the current and voltage characteristics of the DL680 dye sensitized solar cell. The dye samples were characterized by using Absorption Spectroscopy, Emission Spectroscopy, Fluorescence lifetime and Fourier Transform Infrared measurements. Transmission electron microscopy imaging was carried out on the DL680-Eu-G5PAMAM dye and DL680-Eu-G5PAMAM dye sensitized titanium dioxide nanoparticles to analyze the size of the dye molecules and examine the interaction of the dye with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The DL680-Eu-G5PAMAM dye sensitized solar cells demonstrated an enhanced solar-to-electric energy conversion of 0.32% under full light illumination (100 mWcm−2, AM 1.5 Global) in comparison with that of DL680 dye sensitized cells which recorded an average solar-to-electric energy conversion of only 0.19%. The improvement of the efficiency could be due to the presence of the europium that enhances the propensity of dye to absorb sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Ghann
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, MD21216, USA
| | - Hyeonggon Kang
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, MD21216, USA
| | - Jamal Uddin
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, MD21216, USA
| | - Sunalee J Gonawala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sheikh Mahatabuddin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Meser M Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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12
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Burns KE, Delehanty JB. Cellular delivery of doxorubicin mediated by disulfide reduction of a peptide-dendrimer bioconjugate. Int J Pharm 2018; 545:64-73. [PMID: 29709616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a peptide-dendrimer-drug conjugate system for the pH-triggered direct cytosolic delivery of the cancer chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) using the pH Low Insertion Peptide (pHLIP). We synthesized a pHLIP-dendrimer-DOX conjugate in which a single copy of pHLIP displayed a generation three dendrimer bearing multiple copies of DOX via disulfide linkages. Biophysical analysis showed that both the dendrimer and a single DOX conjugate inserted into membrane bilayers in a pH-dependent manner. Time-resolved confocal microscopy indicate the single DOX conjugate may undergo a faster rate of membrane translocation, due to greater nuclear localization of DOX at 24 h and 48 h post delivery. At 72 h, however, the levels of DOX nuclear accumulation for both constructs were identical. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that both constructs mediated ∼80% inhibition of cellular proliferation at 10 µM, the dendrimer complex exhibited a 17% greater cytotoxic effect at lower concentrations and greater than three-fold improvement in IC50 over free DOX. Our findings show proof of concept that the dendrimeric display of DOX on the pHLIP carrier (1) facilitates the pH-dependent and temporally-controlled release of DOX to the cytosol, (2) eliminates the endosomal sequestration of the drug cargo, and (3) augments DOX cytotoxicity relative to the free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Burns
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6900, Washington DC 20375, United States; National Research Council, Washington DC 20001, United States
| | - James B Delehanty
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6900, Washington DC 20375, United States.
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13
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Wang N, Zheng AQ, Liu X, Chen JJ, Yang T, Chen ML, Wang JH. Deep Eutectic Solvent-Assisted Preparation of Nitrogen/Chloride-Doped Carbon Dots for Intracellular Biological Sensing and Live Cell Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:7901-7909. [PMID: 29424521 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach for the preparation of dual-functional carbon dots, i.e., nitrogen- and chloride-doped carbon dots, abbreviated as N/Cl-CDs, is developed with the assistance of a choline chloride-glycerine deep eutectic solvent (DES). The carbon source is provided by urea and the DES serves as a solvent for controlling the preparation of CDs in the absence of water. The dual-element doped carbon dots are oxygen-rich with hydroxyl and amine groups. They exhibit an average particle size of ca. 3.88 nm and give rise to strong and pH-sensitive fluorescent emission at λex/λem = 340/430 nm with a quantum yield of 16.15 ± 1.36%. It is particularly interesting to see that the fluorescence of N/Cl-CDs remains stable in a high-salinity matrix, providing vast potentials for treating real biological sample matrixes with high salinity. The N/Cl-CDs provide an optical probe for intracellular pH sensing and multicolor imaging in HeLa cells. In addition, the N/Cl-CDs show obvious fluorescence response to cytochrome c (cyt- c) with a detection limit of 3.6 mg L-1 (ca. 0.29 μmol L-1) within in a range of 10-500 mg L-1, providing potentials for fluorescence detection of cyt- c as well as facilitating intracellular cyt- c imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - An-Qi Zheng
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - Xun Liu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - Jun-Jie Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - Ting Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - Ming-Li Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
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14
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Angelovski G. Heading toward Macromolecular and Nanosized Bioresponsive MRI Probes for Successful Functional Imaging. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:2215-2224. [PMID: 28841293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The quest for bioresponsive or smart contrast agents (SCAs) in molecular imaging, in particular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is progressively increasing since they allow for the monitoring of essential biological processes on molecular and cellular levels in a dynamic fashion. These are offshoot molecules of common contrast agents that are sensitive to biochemical changes in their environment, capable of reporting on such changes by inducing MRI signal alteration. Various mechanistic approaches and different types of SCAs have been developed in order to visualize desired processes, using diverse imaging protocols and methods. To date, the most frequently exploited probes are paramagnetic molecules that change longitudinal or transverse relaxation at proton frequency, or so-called T1- and T2-weighted probes, respectively. Moreover, SCAs operating by the chemical exchange saturation transfer mechanism, suitable for 19F MRI or possessing hyperpolarized nuclei have also appeared in the past decade, slowly finding their role in functional imaging studies. Following these mechanistic principles, a large number of SCAs suitable for diverse targets have been reported to date. This Account condenses this exciting progress, particularly focusing on probes designed for abundant targets that are suitable for practical, in vivo utilization. To date, the greatest advancements have been certainly made in the preparation of pH sensitive probes, which usually contain protonable groups that interact with paramagnetic centers, or take advantage of supramolecular (dis)assembling to induce the MRI signal change, thereupon enabling pH mapping in vivo. In a complementary approach, a combination of metal chelating ligands for Ca2+ or Zn2+ with MR reporting units results in a wide variety of SCAs that operate with different contrast mechanisms and can be used for initial functional experiments. Finally, the first examples of molecular sensing by creating host-guest complexes to track neurotransmitter flux have also been recently reported, allowing the study of brain function in an unprecedented manner. Nevertheless, wider SCA utilization in vivo has not yet been achieved. There are a few reasons for this disparity between their nominal potential and practical usage, with one of the major reasons being the low sensitivity of the MRI technique. Subsequently, the production of detectable signal change can be achieved using higher concentrations of the bioresponsive probe; however, the biocompatibility of these probes then starts to play an important role. An elegant solution to these practical challenges has been found with the integration of multiple small-sized SCAs into macromolecular and nanosized probes. In such case, the multivalent SCAs are able to circumvent the sensitivity issue, thus enhancing the MR signal and desired contrast changes. Moreover, they prolong the probe tissue retention time, while often reducing their toxicity. Finally, with altered size and properties, they allow for exploitation of mechanisms that induce the contrast change which is not possible with small-sized SCAs. To this end, this Account also discusses the current approaches that aim to develop macromolecular and nanosized SCAs suitable for practical MRI applications. With these, further progress of this exciting field is affirmed, with remarkable results expected in the near future on both the probe preparation and their utilization in functional molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Angelovski
- MR Neuroimaging Agents, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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15
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Pereira MC, Pianella M, Wei D, Moshnikova A, Marianecci C, Carafa M, Andreev OA, Reshetnyak YK. pH-sensitive pHLIP ® coated niosomes. Mol Membr Biol 2017; 33:51-63. [PMID: 28792261 DOI: 10.1080/09687688.2017.1342969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is becoming very popular over conventional methods due to the ability to tune physico-chemical properties of nano vectors, which are used for encapsulation of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. However, the success of nanomedicine primarily relies on how specifically and efficiently nanocarriers can target pathological sites to minimize undesirable side effects and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Here, we introduce a novel class of targeted nano drug delivery system, which can be used as an effective nano-theranostic for cancer. We formulated pH-sensitive niosomes (80-90 nm in diameter) using nonionic surfactants Span20 (43-45 mol%), cholesterol (50 mol%) and 5 mol% of pH (Low) insertion peptide (pHLIP) conjugated with DSPE lipids (DSPE-pHLIP) or hydrophobic fluorescent dye, pyrene, (Pyr-pHLIP). In coating of niosomes, pHLIP was used as an acidity sensitive targeting moiety. We have demonstrated that pHLIP coated niosomes sense the extracellular acidity of cancerous cells. Intravenous injection of fluorescently labeled (R18) pHLIP-coated niosomes into mice bearing tumors showed significant accumulation in tumors with minimal targeting of kidney, liver and muscles. Tumor-targeting niosomes coated with pHLIP exhibited 2-3 times higher tumor uptake compared to the non-targeted niosomes coated with PEG polymer. Long circulation time and uniform bio-distribution throughout the entire tumor make pHLIP-coated niosomes to be an attractive novel delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan C Pereira
- a Physics Department , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | - Monica Pianella
- b Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma , Italia
| | - Da Wei
- a Physics Department , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | - Anna Moshnikova
- a Physics Department , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | - Carlotta Marianecci
- b Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma , Italia
| | - Maria Carafa
- b Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Sapienza Università di Roma , Roma , Italia
| | - Oleg A Andreev
- a Physics Department , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | - Yana K Reshetnyak
- a Physics Department , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
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16
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Craciun I, Gunkel-Grabole G, Belluati A, Palivan CG, Meier W. Expanding the potential of MRI contrast agents through multifunctional polymeric nanocarriers. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:811-817. [PMID: 28322116 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MRI is a sought-after, noninvasive tool in medical diagnostics, yet the direct application of contrast agents to tissue suffers from several drawbacks. Hosting the contrast agents in polymeric nanocarriers can solve many of these issues while creating additional benefit through exploitation of the intrinsic characteristics of the polymeric carriers. In this report, the versatility is highlighted with recent examples of dendritic and hyperbranched polymers, polymer nanoparticles and micelles, and polymersomes as multifunctional bioresponsive nanocarriers for MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Craciun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gesine Gunkel-Grabole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Belluati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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17
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Daniels JL, Crawford TM, Andreev OA, Reshetnyak YK. Synthesis and characterization of pHLIP ® coated gold nanoparticles. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 10:62-69. [PMID: 28955736 PMCID: PMC5614664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel approaches in synthesis of spherical and multispiked gold nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and pH Low Insertion Peptide (pHLIP®) were introduced. The presence of a tumor-targeting pHLIP® peptide in the nanoparticle coating enhances the stability of particles in solution and promotes a pH-dependent cellular uptake. The spherical particles were prepared with sodium citrate as a gold reducing agent to form particles of 7.0±2.5 nm in mean metallic core diameter and ∼43 nm in mean hydrodynamic diameter. The particles that were injected into tumors in mice (21 µg of gold) were homogeneously distributed within a tumor mass with no staining of the muscle tissue adjacent to the tumor. Up to 30% of the injected gold dose remained within the tumor one hour post-injection. The multispiked gold nanoparticles with a mean metallic core diameter of 146.0±50.4 nm and a mean hydrodynamic size of ~161 nm were prepared using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and disk-like bicelles as a template. Only the presence of a soft template, like bicelles, ensured the appearance of spiked nanoparticles with resonance in the near infrared region. The irradiation of spiked gold nanoparticles by an 805 nm laser led to the time- and concentration-dependent increase of temperature. Both pHLIP® and PEG coated gold spherical and multispiked nanoparticles might find application in radiation and thermal therapies of tumors. pHLIP®-PEG coated pH-sensitive gold spherical nanoparticles were synthesized. 30% of the injected gold dose remained within the tumor one hour post-injection. pHLIP®-PEG coated pH-sensitive gold multispiked nanoparticles were synthesized. Bicelles were used as a soft template to obtain multispiked nanoparticles. Temperature increases after 805 nm irradiation of spiked gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Daniels
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Rd., Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Troy M Crawford
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Rd., Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Oleg A Andreev
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Rd., Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Yana K Reshetnyak
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Rd., Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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