1
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A unique peptide-based pharmacophore identifies an inhibitory compound against the A-subunit of Shiga toxin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11443. [PMID: 35794188 PMCID: PMC9259562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx), a major virulence factor of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), can cause fatal systemic complications. Recently, we identified a potent inhibitory peptide that binds to the catalytic A-subunit of Stx. Here, using biochemical structural analysis and X-ray crystallography, we determined a minimal essential peptide motif that occupies the catalytic cavity and is required for binding to the A-subunit of Stx2a, a highly virulent Stx subtype. Molecular dynamics simulations also identified the same motif and allowed determination of a unique pharmacophore for A-subunit binding. Notably, a series of synthetic peptides containing the motif efficiently inhibit Stx2a. In addition, pharmacophore screening and subsequent docking simulations ultimately identified nine Stx2a-interacting molecules out of a chemical compound database consisting of over 7,400,000 molecules. Critically, one of these molecules markedly inhibits Stx2a both in vitro and in vivo, clearly demonstrating the significance of the pharmacophore for identifying therapeutic agents against EHEC infection.
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2
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Szabó I, Yousef M, Soltész D, Bató C, Mező G, Bánóczi Z. Redesigning of Cell-Penetrating Peptides to Improve Their Efficacy as a Drug Delivery System. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050907. [PMID: 35631493 PMCID: PMC9146218 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) are promising tools for the transport of a broad range of compounds into cells. Since the discovery of the first members of this peptide family, many other peptides have been identified; nowadays, dozens of these peptides are known. These peptides sometimes have very different chemical–physical properties, but they have similar drawbacks; e.g., non-specific internalization, fast elimination from the body, intracellular/vesicular entrapment. Although our knowledge regarding the mechanism and structure–activity relationship of internalization is growing, the prediction and design of the cell-penetrating properties are challenging. In this review, we focus on the different modifications of well-known CPPs to avoid their drawbacks, as well as how these modifications may increase their internalization and/or change the mechanism of penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Szabó
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (Z.B.)
| | - Mo’ath Yousef
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Y.); (D.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Dóra Soltész
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Y.); (D.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Csaba Bató
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Y.); (D.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Gábor Mező
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Y.); (D.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Zoltán Bánóczi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Y.); (D.S.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (Z.B.)
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3
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Davis HC, Posey ND, Tew GN. Protein Binding and Release by Polymeric Cell-Penetrating Peptide Mimics. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:57-66. [PMID: 34879198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
There is significant potential in exploiting antibody specificity to develop new therapeutic treatments. However, intracellular protein delivery is a paramount challenge because of the difficulty in transporting large, polar molecules across cell membranes. Cell-penetrating peptide mimics (CPPMs) are synthetic polymers that are versatile materials for intracellular delivery of biological molecules, including nucleic acids and proteins, with superior performance compared to their natural counterparts and commercially available peptide-based reagents. Studies have demonstrated that noncovalent complexation with these synthetic carriers is necessary for the delivery of proteins, but the fundamental interactions dominating CPPM-protein complexation are not well understood. Beyond these interactions, the mechanism of release for many noncovalent carriers is not well established. Herein, interactions expected to be critical in CPPM-protein binding and unbinding were explored, including hydrogen bonding, electrostatics, and hydrophobic interactions. Despite the guanidinium-rich functionality of these polymeric carriers, hydrogen bonding was shown not to be a dominant interaction in CPPM-protein binding. Fluorescence quenching assays were used to decouple the effect of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between amphiphilic CPPMs and proteins. Furthermore, by conducting competition assays with other proteins, unbinding of protein cargoes from CPPM-protein complexes was demonstrated and provided insight into mechanisms of protein release. This work offers understanding toward the role of carrier and cargo binding and unbinding in intracellular outcomes. In turn, an improved fundamental understanding of noncovalent polymer-protein complexation will enable more effective methods for intracellular protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel C Davis
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Nicholas D Posey
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Gregory N Tew
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.,Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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4
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Yu S, Yang H, Li T, Pan H, Ren S, Luo G, Jiang J, Yu L, Chen B, Zhang Y, Wang S, Tian R, Zhang T, Zhang S, Chen Y, Yuan Q, Ge S, Zhang J, Xia N. Efficient intracellular delivery of proteins by a multifunctional chimaeric peptide in vitro and in vivo. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5131. [PMID: 34446736 PMCID: PMC8390694 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein delivery with cell-penetrating peptide is opening up the possibility of using targets inside cells for therapeutic or biological applications; however, cell-penetrating peptide-mediated protein delivery commonly suffers from ineffective endosomal escape and low tolerance in serum, thereby limiting in vivo efficacy. Here, we present an intracellular protein delivery system consisting of four modules in series: cell-penetrating peptide, pH-dependent membrane active peptide, endosome-specific protease sites and a leucine zipper. This system exhibits enhanced delivery efficiency and serum tolerance, depending on proteolytic cleavage-facilitated endosomal escape and leucine zipper-based dimerisation. Intravenous injection of protein phosphatase 1B fused with this system successfully suppresses the tumour necrosis factor-α-induced systemic inflammatory response and acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure in a mouse model. We believe that the strategy of using multifunctional chimaeric peptides is valuable for the development of cell-penetrating peptide-based protein delivery systems, and facilitate the development of biological macromolecular drugs for use against intracellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuling Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guoxing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinlu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Linqi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Binbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centers of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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5
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Alexa A, Ember O, Szabó I, Mo'ath Y, Póti ÁL, Reményi A, Bánóczi Z. Peptide Based Inhibitors of Protein Binding to the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Docking Groove. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:690429. [PMID: 34277705 PMCID: PMC8281026 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.690429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are important regulatory units in cells and they take part in the regulation of many cellular functions such as cell division, differentiation or apoptosis. All MAPKs have a shallow docking groove that interacts with linear binding motifs of their substrate proteins and their regulatory proteins such as kinases, phosphatases, scaffolds. Inhibition of these protein–protein interactions may reduce or abolish the activity of the targeted kinase. Based on the wide range of their biological activity, this kind of inhibition can be useful in the treatment of many disorders like tumors, inflammation or undesired cell apoptosis. In this study a linear binding motif from the RHDF1 protein—a 15 amino acids long peptide—was selected for optimization to increase its cellular uptake but retaining its low micromolar binding affinity. First, we synthesized an octaarginine conjugate that showed efficient cellular uptake. Next, we set out to reduce the size of this construct. We were able to decrease the length of the original peptide, and to increase its cellular uptake with specific chemical modifications. These new constructs bound better to ERK2 and p38 kinases than the original peptide and they showed markedly increased cellular uptake. The new octaarginine conjugate and one of the minimized bicyclic derivatives could inhibit the phosphorylation of intracellular ERK or p38. However, the modulation of MAPK phosphorylation levels by these cell-penetrating peptides were complex, despite that in biochemical assays they all inhibited MAPK-substrate binding as well as phosphorylation. The optimized peptides depending on the applied concentration caused an expected decrease, but also some unexpected increase in MAPK phosphorylation patterns in the cell. This possibly reflects the complexity of MAPK docking groove mediated protein–protein interactions including bone fide MAPK clients such activator kinases, deactivating phosphatases or regulatory scaffolds. Thus, our findings with optimized cell-penetrating “inhibitory” peptides highlight the opportunities but also the pitfalls of docking peptide based MAPK activity regulation and call for a better quantitative understanding of MAPK mediated protein–protein interactions in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Alexa
- Biomolecular Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Ember
- Biomolecular Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yousef Mo'ath
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám L Póti
- Biomolecular Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Reményi
- Biomolecular Interactions Laboratory, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Bánóczi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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6
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Hango CR, Backlund CM, Davis HC, Posey ND, Minter LM, Tew GN. Non-Covalent Carrier Hydrophobicity as a Universal Predictor of Intracellular Protein Activity. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2850-2863. [PMID: 34156837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, extensive optimization of polymeric cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) mimics (CPPMs) by our group has generated a substantial library of broadly effective carriers which circumvent the need for covalent conjugation often required by CPPs. In this study, design rules learned from CPPM development were applied to reverse-engineer the first library of simple amphiphilic block copolypeptides for non-covalent protein delivery, namely, poly(alanine-block-arginine), poly(phenylalanine-block-arginine), and poly(tryptophan-block-arginine). This new CPP library was screened for enhanced green fluorescent protein and Cre recombinase delivery alongside a library of CPPMs featuring equivalent side-chain configurations. Due to the added hydrophobicity imparted by the polymer backbone as compared to the polypeptide backbone, side-chain functionality was not a universal predictor of carrier performance. Rather, overall carrier hydrophobicity predicted the top performers for both internalization and activity of protein cargoes, regardless of backbone identity. Furthermore, comparison of protein uptake and function revealed carriers which facilitated high gene recombination despite remarkably low Cre internalization, leading us to formalize the concept of intracellular availability (IA) of the delivered cargo. IA, a measure of cargo activity per quantity of cargo internalized, provides valuable insight into the physical relationship between cellular internalization and bioavailability, which can be affected by bottlenecks such as endosomal escape and cargo release. Importantly, carriers with maximal IA existed within a narrow hydrophobicity window, more hydrophilic than those exhibiting maximal cargo uptake. Hydrophobicity may be used as a scaffold-independent predictor of protein uptake, function, and IA, enabling identification of new, effective carriers which would be overlooked by uptake-based screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Hango
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Coralie M Backlund
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hazel C Davis
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Nicholas D Posey
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.,Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Untied States
| | - Gregory N Tew
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.,Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Untied States
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7
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Gkika K, Noorani S, Walsh N, Keyes TE. Os(II)-Bridged Polyarginine Conjugates: The Additive Effects of Peptides in Promoting or Preventing Permeation in Cells and Multicellular Tumor Spheroids. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8123-8134. [PMID: 33978399 PMCID: PMC8277133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of two polyarginine conjugates of the complex Os(II) [bis-(4'-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine)] [Os-(Rn)2]x+ (n = 4 and 8; x = 10 and 18) is reported, to explore whether the R8 peptide sequence that promotes cell uptake requires a contiguous amino acid sequence for membrane permeation or if this can be accomplished in a linearly bridged structure with the additive effect of shorter peptide sequences. The conjugates exhibit NIR emission centered at 754 nm and essentially oxygen-insensitive emission with a lifetime of 89 ns in phosphate-buffered saline. The uptake, distribution, and cytotoxicity of the parent complex and peptide derivatives were compared in 2D cell monolayers and a three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) model. Whereas, the bis-octaarginine sequences were impermeable to cells and spheroids, and the bis-tetraarginine conjugate showed excellent cellular uptake and accumulation in two 2D monolayer cell lines and remarkable in-depth penetration of 3D MCTSs of pancreatic cancer cells. Overall, the data indicates that cell permeability can be promoted via non-contiguous sequences of arginine residues bridged across the metal centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmel
S. Gkika
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sara Noorani
- School
of Biotechnology, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Naomi Walsh
- School
of Biotechnology, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Tia E. Keyes
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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8
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Nair JB, Mohapatra S, Joseph MM, Maniganda S, Gupta V, Ghosh S, Maiti KK. Tracking the Footprints of Paclitaxel Delivery and Mechanistic Action via SERS Trajectory in Glioblastoma Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5254-5263. [PMID: 33455274 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The design and development of an efficacious tumor-specific drug-delivery system is a challenging task. In this study, we have synthesized target-specific small peptide substrates on an octaguanidine sorbitol scaffold, named small molecular targeted drug-delivery conjugate (SMTDDC). The SMTDDC fabrication, with dual targeting cRGD and Cathepsin B (Cath B)-specific tripeptide (Glu-Lys-Phe), altered the microtubule network of glioblastoma cells by the orchestrated release of the cytotoxic paclitaxel (PTX). Cath B assisted PTX delivery was monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) modalities. The time-dependent SERS fingerprinting and imaging revealed a fast and accurate PTX release profile and subsequent in vitro cytotoxicity as well as the apoptotic events and microtubule network alteration in U-87 MG glioblastoma cells. Furthermore, SMTDDC displayed adequate stability under physiological conditions and demonstrated biocompatibility toward red blood cells and lymphocytes. This study indicated a new insight on SERS-guided peptidomimetic sorbitol molecular transporter, enabling a greater promise with high potential for the further development of PTX delivery in glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi B Nair
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Saswat Mohapatra
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India.,Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.,Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre (JMDRC) and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Manu M Joseph
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Santhi Maniganda
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India.,Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kaustabh Kumar Maiti
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Industrial Estate, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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9
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Hsu WY, Masuda T, Afonin S, Sakai T, Arafiles JVV, Kawano K, Hirose H, Imanishi M, Ulrich AS, Futaki S. Enhancing the activity of membrane remodeling epsin-peptide by trimerization. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127190. [PMID: 32317210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Modulating the structural dynamics of biomembranes by inducing bilayer curvature and lipid packing defects has been highlighted as a practical tool to modify membrane-dependent cellular processes. Previously, we have reported on an amphipathic helical peptide derived from the N-terminal segment (residues 1-18, EpN18) of epsin-1, which can promote membrane remodeling including lipid packing defects in cell membranes. However, a high concentration is required to exhibit a pronounced effect. In this study, we demonstrate a significant increase in the membrane-remodeling effect of EpN18 by constructing a branched EpN18 homotrimer. Both monomer and trimer could enhance cell internalization of octaarginine (R8), a cell-penetrating peptide. The EpN18 trimer, however, promoted the uptake of R8 at an 80-fold lower concentration than the monomer. Analysis of the generalized polarization of a polarity-sensitive dye (di-4-ANEPPDHQ) revealed a higher efficacy of trimeric EpN18 in loosening the lipid packing in the cell membrane. Circular dichroism measurements in the presence of lipid vesicles showed that the EpN18 trimer has a higher α-helix content compared with the monomer. The stronger ability of the EpN18 trimer to impede negative bilayer curvature is also corroborated by solid-state 31P NMR spectroscopy. Hence, trimerizing peptides can be considered a promising approach for an exponential enhancement of their membrane-remodeling performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yuan Hsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Masuda
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Sergii Afonin
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O.B. 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Takayuki Sakai
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | | | - Kenichi Kawano
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Hirose
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Anne S Ulrich
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O.B. 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), KIT, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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10
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Omi J, Watanabe-Takahashi M, Igai K, Shimizu E, Tseng CY, Miyasaka T, Waku T, Hama S, Nakanishi R, Goto Y, Nishino Y, Miyazawa A, Natori Y, Yamashita M, Nishikawa K. The inducible amphisome isolates viral hemagglutinin and defends against influenza A virus infection. Nat Commun 2020; 11:162. [PMID: 31919357 PMCID: PMC6952414 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13974-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant influenza type A viruses (IAVs) necessitates the development of novel anti-IAV agents. Here, we target the IAV hemagglutinin (HA) protein using multivalent peptide library screens and identify PVF-tet, a peptide-based HA inhibitor. PVF-tet inhibits IAV cytopathicity and propagation in cells by binding to newly synthesized HA, rather than to the HA of the parental virus, thus inducing the accumulation of HA within a unique structure, the inducible amphisome, whose production from the autophagosome is accelerated by PVF-tet. The amphisome is also produced in response to IAV infection in the absence of PVF-tet by cells overexpressing ABC transporter subfamily A3, which plays an essential role in the maturation of multivesicular endosomes into the lamellar body, a lipid-sorting organelle. Our results show that the inducible amphisomes can function as a type of organelle-based anti-viral machinery by sequestering HA. PVF-tet efficiently rescues mice from the lethality of IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Omi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Miho Watanabe-Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Katsura Igai
- Department of International Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 8528523, Japan
| | - Eiko Shimizu
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Ching-Yi Tseng
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Miyasaka
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Waku
- Department of Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Hama
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Rieka Nakanishi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Yuki Goto
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan
| | - Yuri Nishino
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, 6781297, Japan
| | - Atsuo Miyazawa
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, 6781297, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Natori
- Department of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, 0208505, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1088639, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nishikawa
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, 6100394, Japan.
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11
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Zhou M, Jiang N, Fan J, Fu S, Luo H, Su P, Zhang M, Shi H, Zeng J, Huang Y, Li Y, Shen H, Zhang A, Li R. H 7K(R 2) 2-modified pH-sensitive self-assembled nanoparticles delivering small interfering RNA targeting hepatoma-derived growth factor for malignant glioma treatment. J Control Release 2019; 310:24-35. [PMID: 31404556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The lack of effective glioma therapeutics mandates the development of novel treatment strategies. Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) has been considered as a potential glioma therapeutic target, and its expression level in gliomas is positively related to the malignant grade. Although there are no effective and specific inhibitors against this target, small interfering RNA targeting HDGF (siHDGF)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) can inhibit the target protein function by knockdown of HDGF expression. However, the application of siHDGF in glioma research and therapy is hampered by the challenge to safe and effective in vivo systemic delivery of siHDGF to gliomas. To address this question, we develop the peptide H7K(R2)2-modified pH-sensitive self-assembled hybrid nanoparticles encapsulating siHDGF (H7K(R2)2-PSNPs (siHDGF)). The acidic glioma microenvironment is beneficial to the membrane penetration of H7K(R2)2-PSNPs and the encapsulated siHDGF. Following systemic administration, H7K(R2)2-PSNPs (siHDGF) can effectively deliver siHDGF into the brain and malignant glioma cells, and therefore can significantly downregulate HDGF expression, inhibit malignant phenotypes of glioma cells, result in reduced tumor volumes and prolonged survival times in nude mice bearing U251 human glioblastoma. Thus, systemic administration of H7K(R2)2-PSNPs (siHDGF) offers an effective way for the targeted delivery of siHDGF and may serve as a practical malignant glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Junting Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Song Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Honghua Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ping Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingwan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Huihui Shi
- Kangda College of Nanjing Medical university, Lianyungang 222000, China
| | - Jiaqi Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Neuro-psychiatric Institute, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Aixia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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12
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Arjmand F, Afsan Z, Sharma S, Parveen S, Yousuf I, Sartaj S, Siddique HR, Tabassum S. Recent advances in metallodrug-like molecules targeting non-coding RNAs in cancer chemotherapy. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Brock DJ, Kustigian L, Jiang M, Graham K, Wang TY, Erazo-Oliveras A, Najjar K, Zhang J, Rye H, Pellois JP. Efficient cell delivery mediated by lipid-specific endosomal escape of supercharged branched peptides. Traffic 2018; 19:421-435. [PMID: 29582528 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Various densely charged polycationic species, whether of biological or synthetic origin, can penetrate human cells, albeit with variable efficiencies. The molecular underpinnings involved in such transport remain unclear. Herein, we assemble 1, 2 or 3 copies of the HIV peptide TAT on a synthetic scaffold to generate branched cell-permeable prototypes with increasing charge density. We establish that increasing TAT copies dramatically increases the cell penetration efficiency of the peptides while simultaneously enabling the efficient cytosolic delivery of macromolecular cargos. Cellular entry involves the leaky fusion of late endosomal membranes enriched with the anionic lipid BMP. Derivatives with multiple TAT branches induce the leakage of BMP-containing lipid bilayers, liposomal flocculation, fusion and an increase in lamellarity. In contrast, while the monomeric counterpart 1TAT binds to the same extent and causes liposomal flocculation, 1TAT does not cause leakage, induce fusion or a significant increase in lamellarity. Overall, these results indicate that an increase in charge density of these branched structures leads to the emergence of lipid specific membrane-disrupting and cell-penetrating activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota J Brock
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Lauren Kustigian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Mengqiu Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kristin Graham
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Ting-Yi Wang
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | | | - Kristina Najjar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Hays Rye
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Jean-Philippe Pellois
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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14
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Malaekeh-Nikouei B, Rezaee M, Gholami L, Behzad M, Mohajeri M, Kazemi Oskuee R. Dexamethasone conjugated polyallylamine: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro transfection and cytotoxicity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Oxygen imaging of living cells and tissues using luminescent molecular probes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Kitagishi H, Minegishi S. Iron(II)porphyrin–Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Complex as a Carbon Monoxide-Depleting Agent in Living Organisms. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:336-340. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kitagishi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University
| | - Saika Minegishi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University
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17
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Sakamoto K, Adachi Y, Komoike Y, Kamada Y, Koyama R, Fukuda Y, Kadotani A, Asami T, Sakamoto JI. Novel DOCK2-selective inhibitory peptide that suppresses B-cell line migration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:183-190. [PMID: 28039053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) is a key molecule for lymphocyte activation and migration. DOCK2 interacts with Ras-related C3 botulinus toxin substrate 1 (Rac1, GTPase) and mediates the GDP-GTP exchange reaction, indicating that inhibitors against protein-protein interaction (PPI) between DOCK2 and Rac1 would be good drug candidates for treating immune-related disorders. Here, we report DOCK2-selective PPI inhibitory peptides discovered using random peptide T7 phage display technology. These peptides inhibited DOCK2 activity at nanomolar concentrations and were delivered to intracellular compartments by combination with cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). Consequently, one peptide, R4-DCpep-2(V2W/K4R/ox)-NH2 (Ac-RRRRCWARYHGYPWCRRRR-NH2), inhibited migration in human B lymphocyte MINO cell line at IC50 = 120 nM. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a DOCK2-selective peptide inhibitor; this study will contribute to the development of novel DOCK2-targeting immunosuppressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Sakamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Adachi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yusaku Komoike
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kamada
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ryokichi Koyama
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yasunori Fukuda
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Akito Kadotani
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Taiji Asami
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Sakamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
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18
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Arginine modified polymeric micelles as a novel drug delivery system with enhanced endocytosis efficiency. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:181-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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19
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Takechi-Haraya Y, Nadai R, Kimura H, Nishitsuji K, Uchimura K, Sakai-Kato K, Kawakami K, Shigenaga A, Kawakami T, Otaka A, Hojo H, Sakashita N, Saito H. Enthalpy-driven interactions with sulfated glycosaminoglycans promote cell membrane penetration of arginine peptides. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:1339-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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McKinlay CJ, Waymouth RM, Wender PA. Cell-Penetrating, Guanidinium-Rich Oligophosphoesters: Effective and Versatile Molecular Transporters for Drug and Probe Delivery. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:3510-7. [PMID: 26900771 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a new family of highly effective cell-penetrating molecular transporters, guanidinium-rich oligophosphoesters, are described. These unique transporters are synthesized in two steps, irrespective of oligomer length, by the organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization (OROP) of 5-membered cyclic phospholane monomers followed by oligomer deprotection. Varying the initiating alcohol results in a wide variety of cargo attachment strategies for releasable or nonreleasable transporter applications. Initiation of oligomerization with a fluorescent probe produces, upon deprotection, a transporter-probe conjugate that is shown to readily enter multiple cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. These new transporters are superior in cell uptake to previously studied guanidinium-rich oligocarbonates and oligoarginines, showing over 2-fold higher uptake than the former and 6-fold higher uptake than the latter. Initiation with a protected thiol gives, upon deprotection, thiol-terminated transporters which can be thiol-click conjugated to a variety of probes, drugs and other cargos as exemplified by the conjugation and delivery of the model probe fluorescein-maleimide and the medicinal agent paclitaxel (PTX) into cells. Of particular significance given that drug resistance is a major cause of chemotherapy failure, the PTX-transporter conjugate, designed to evade Pgp export and release free PTX after cell entry, shows efficacy against PTX-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Collectively this study introduces a new and highly effective class of guanidinium-rich cell-penetrating transporters and methodology for their single-step conjugation to drugs and probes, and demonstrates that the resulting drug/probe-conjugates readily enter cells, outperforming previously reported guanidinium-rich oligocarbonates and peptide transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J McKinlay
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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21
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Micewicz ED, Sharma S, Waring AJ, Luong HT, McBride WH, Ruchala P. Bridged Analogues for p53-Dependent Cancer Therapy Obtained by S-Alkylation. Int J Pept Res Ther 2015; 22:67-81. [PMID: 26957954 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-015-9487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A small library of anticancer, cell-permeating, stapled peptides based on potent dual-specific antagonist of p53-MDM2/MDMX interactions, PMI-N8A, was synthesized, characterized and screened for anticancer activity against human colorectal cancer cell line, HCT-116. Employed synthetic modifications included: S-alkylation-based stapling, point mutations increasing hydrophobicity in key residues as well as improvement of cell-permeability by introduction of polycationic sequence(s) that were woven into the sequence of parental peptide. Selected analogue, ArB14Co, was also tested in vivo and exhibited potent anticancer bioactivity at the low dose (3.0 mg/kg). Collectively, our findings suggest that application of stapling in combination with rational design of polycationic short analogues may be a suitable approach in the development of physiologically active p53-MDM2/MDMX peptide inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa D Micewicz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shantanu Sharma
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Alan J Waring
- Department of Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Hai T Luong
- Department of Analytical Operations, Gilead Sciences, Inc., 4049 Avenida de la Plata, Oceanside CA, 92056, USA
| | - William H McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Piotr Ruchala
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
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22
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Effects of the properties of short peptides conjugated with cell-penetrating peptides on their internalization into cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12884. [PMID: 26256261 PMCID: PMC4530456 DOI: 10.1038/srep12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides, especially intracellular functional peptides that can play a particular role inside a cell, have attracted attention as promising materials to control cell fate. However, hydrophilic materials like peptides are difficult for cells to internalize. Therefore, the screening and design of intracellular functional peptides are more difficult than that of extracellular ones. An effective high-throughput screening system for intracellular functional peptides has not been reported. Here, we demonstrate a novel peptide array system for screening intracellular functional peptides, in which both cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) domain and photo-cleavable linkers are used. By using this screening system, we determined how the cellular uptake properties of CPP-conjugated peptides varied depending on the properties of the conjugated peptides. We found that the internalization ability of CPP-conjugated peptides varied greatly depending on the property of the conjugated peptides, and anionic peptides drastically decreased the uptake ability. We summarized our data in a scatter diagram that plots hydrophobicity versus isoelectric point (pI) of conjugated peptides. These results define a peptide library suitable for screening of intracellular functional peptides. Thus, our system, including the diagram, is a promising tool for searching biological active molecules such as peptide-based drugs.
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23
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deRonde BM, Tew GN. Development of protein mimics for intracellular delivery. Biopolymers 2015; 104:265-80. [PMID: 25858701 PMCID: PMC4516575 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Designing delivery agents for therapeutics is an ongoing challenge. As treatments and desired cargoes become more complex, the need for improved delivery vehicles becomes critical. Excellent delivery vehicles must ensure the stability of the cargo, maintain the cargo's solubility, and promote efficient delivery and release. In order to address these issues, many research groups have looked to nature for design inspiration. Proteins, such as HIV-1 trans-activator of transcription (TAT) and Antennapedia homeodomain protein, are capable of crossing cellular membranes. However, due to the complexities of their structures, they are synthetically challenging to reproduce in the laboratory setting. Being able to incorporate the key features of these proteins that enable cell entry into simpler scaffolds opens up a wide range of opportunities for the development of new delivery reagents with improved performance. This review charts the development of protein mimics based on cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and how structure-activity relationships (SARs) with these molecules and their protein counterparts ultimately led to the use of polymeric scaffolds. These scaffolds deviate from the normal peptide backbone, allowing for simpler, synthetic procedures to make carriers and tune chemical compositions for application specific needs. Successful design of polymeric protein mimics would allow researchers to further understand the key features in proteins and peptides necessary for efficient delivery and to design the next generation of more efficient delivery reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M deRonde
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Gregory N Tew
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003
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24
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Computational Investigations of Arginine-Rich Peptides Interacting with Lipid Membranes. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201500023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Eggimann GA, Blattes E, Buschor S, Biswas R, Kammer SM, Darbre T, Reymond JL. Designed cell penetrating peptide dendrimers efficiently internalize cargo into cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:7254-7. [PMID: 24870379 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Redesigning linear cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) into a multi-branched topology with short dipeptide branches gave cell penetrating peptide dendrimers (CPPDs) with higher cell penetration, lower toxicity and hemolysis and higher serum stability than linear CPPs. Their use is demonstrated by delivering a cytotoxic peptide and paclitaxel into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela A Eggimann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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26
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Lin R, Zhang P, Cheetham AG, Walston J, Abadir P, Cui H. Dual peptide conjugation strategy for improved cellular uptake and mitochondria targeting. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 26:71-7. [PMID: 25547808 PMCID: PMC4306504 DOI: 10.1021/bc500408p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical regulators of cellular function and survival. Delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents into mitochondria is a challenging task in modern pharmacology because the molecule to be delivered needs to first overcome the cell membrane barrier and then be able to actively target the intracellular organelle. Current strategy of conjugating either a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) or a subcellular targeting sequence to the molecule of interest only has limited success. We report here a dual peptide conjugation strategy to achieve effective delivery of a non-membrane-penetrating dye 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM) into mitochondria through the incorporation of both a mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) and a CPP into one conjugated molecule. Notably, circular dichroism studies reveal that the combined use of α-helix and PPII-like secondary structures has an unexpected, synergistic contribution to the internalization of the conjugate. Our results suggest that although the use of positively charged MTS peptide allows for improved targeting of mitochondria, with MTS alone it showed poor cellular uptake. With further covalent linkage of the MTS-5-FAM conjugate to a CPP sequence (R8), the dually conjugated molecule was found to show both improved cellular uptake and effective mitochondria targeting. We believe these results offer important insight into the rational design of peptide conjugates for intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Institute for NanoBioTechnology, §Division of Geriatrics Medicine and Gerontology, and ⊥Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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27
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Abstract
Guanidinium-rich scaffolds facilitate cellular translocation and delivery of bioactive cargos through biological barriers. Although impressive uptake has been demonstrated for nonoligomeric and nonpept(o)idic guanidinylated scaffolds in cell cultures and animal models, the fundamental understanding of these processes is lacking. Charge pairing and hydrogen bonding with cell surface counterparts have been proposed, but their exact role remains putative. The impact of the number and spatial relationships of the guanidinium groups on delivery and organelle/organ localization is yet to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Wexselblatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jeffrey
D. Esko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yitzhak Tor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Cellular and Molecular
Medicine, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Amphiphilic macromolecules on cell membranes: from protective layers to controlled permeabilization. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:861-81. [PMID: 24903487 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial and cell-penetrating peptides have inspired developments of abiotic membrane-active polymers that can coat, penetrate, or break lipid bilayers in model systems. Application to cell cultures is more recent, but remarkable bioactivities are already reported. Synthetic polymer chains were tailored to achieve (i) high biocide efficiencies, and selectivity for bacteria (Gram-positive/Gram-negative or bacterial/mammalian membranes), (ii) stable and mild encapsulation of viable isolated cells to escape immune systems, (iii) pH-, temperature-, or light-triggered interaction with cells. This review illustrates these recent achievements highlighting the use of abiotic polymers, and compares the major structural determinants that control efficiency of polymers and peptides. Charge density, sp. of cationic and guanidinium side groups, and hydrophobicity (including polarity of stimuli-responsive moieties) guide the design of new copolymers for the handling of cell membranes. While polycationic chains are generally used as biocidal or hemolytic agents, anionic amphiphilic polymers, including Amphipols, are particularly prone to mild permeabilization and/or intracell delivery.
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Stanzl EG, Trantow BM, Vargas JR, Wender PA. Fifteen years of cell-penetrating, guanidinium-rich molecular transporters: basic science, research tools, and clinical applications. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:2944-54. [PMID: 23697862 DOI: 10.1021/ar4000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
All living systems require biochemical barriers. As a consequence, all drugs, imaging agents, and probes have targets that are either on, in, or inside of these barriers. Fifteen years ago, we initiated research directed at more fully understanding these barriers and at developing tools and strategies for breaching them that could be of use in basic research, imaging, diagnostics, and medicine. At the outset of this research and now to a lesser extent, the "rules" for drug design biased the selection of drug candidates mainly to those with an intermediate and narrow log P. At the same time, it was becoming increasingly apparent that Nature had long ago developed clever strategies to circumvent these "rules." In 1988, for example, independent reports documented the otherwise uncommon passage of a protein (HIV-Tat) across a membrane. A subsequent study implicated a highly basic domain in this protein (Tat49-57) in its cellular entry. This conspicuously contradictory behavior of a polar, highly charged peptide passing through a nonpolar membrane set the stage for learning how Nature had gotten around the current "rules" of transport. As elaborated in our studies and discussed in this Account, the key strategy used in Nature rests in part on the ability of a molecule to change its properties as a function of microenvironment; such molecules need to be polarity chameleons, polar in a polar milieu and relatively nonpolar in a nonpolar environment. Because this research originated in part with the protein Tat and its basic peptide domain, Tat49-57, the field focused heavily on peptides, even limiting its nomenclature to names such as "cell-penetrating peptides," "cell-permeating peptides," "protein transduction domains," and "membrane translocating peptides." Starting in 1997, through a systematic reverse engineering approach, we established that the ability of Tat49-57 to enter cells is not a function of its peptide backbone, but rather a function of the number and spatial array of its guanidinium groups. These function-oriented studies enabled us and others to design more effective peptidic agents and to think beyond the confines of peptidic systems to new and even more effective nonpeptidic agents. Because the function of passage across a cell membrane is not limited to or even best achieved with the peptide backbone, we referred to these agents by their shared function, "cell-penetrating molecular transporters." The scope of this molecular approach to breaching biochemical barriers has expanded remarkably in the past 15 years: enabling or enhancing the delivery of a wide range of cargos into cells and across other biochemical barriers, creating new tools for research, imaging, and diagnostics, and introducing new therapies into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Geihe Stanzl
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Brian M. Trantow
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jessica R. Vargas
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Paul A. Wender
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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He H, Liang Q, Shin MC, Lee K, Gong J, Ye J, Liu Q, Wang J, Yang V. Significance and strategies in developing delivery systems for bio-macromolecular drugs. Front Chem Sci Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-013-1362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Multiple antigenic peptide (MAP): a synthetic peptide dendrimer for diagnostic, antiviral and vaccine strategies for emerging and re-emerging viral diseases. INDIAN JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY : AN OFFICIAL ORGAN OF INDIAN VIROLOGICAL SOCIETY 2013; 24:312-20. [PMID: 24426293 PMCID: PMC3832690 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-013-0162-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The peptide dendrimer provides novel strategies for various biological applications. Assembling of peptide in macromolecular structure is expected to give rational models as drugs, their delivery and diagnostic reagents. Improved understanding of virus structure and their molecular interactions with ligands have paved the way for treatment and control of emerging and re-emerging viral diseases. This review presents a brief account of a synthetic peptide dendrimer used for diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic applications. The designs comprise of multiple antigenic peptides which are being used as alternate synthetic antigens for different viruses.
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Wender PA. Toward the Ideal Synthesis and Transformative Therapies: The Roles of Step Economy and Function Oriented Synthesis. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:7529-7550. [PMID: 23956471 PMCID: PMC3743450 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
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33
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Usui K, Kikuchi T, Mie M, Kobatake E, Mihara H. Systematic screening of the cellular uptake of designed alpha-helix peptides. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2560-7. [PMID: 23498920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The cellular penetration (CP) activity of functional molecules has attracted significant attention as one of the most promising new approaches for drug delivery. In particular, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been studied extensively in cellular engineering. Because there have been few large-scale systematic studies to identify peptide sequences with optimal CP activity or that are suitable for further applications in cell engineering, such as cell-specific penetration and cell-selective culture, we screened and compared the cellular uptake (CU) activity of 54 systematically designed α-helical peptides in HeLa cells. Furthermore, the CU activity of 24 designed peptides was examined in four cell lines using a cell fingerprinting technique and statistical approaches. The CU activities in various cells depended on amino acid residues of peptide sequences as well as charge, α-helical content and hydrophobicity of the peptides. Notably, the mutation of a single residue significantly altered the CU ability of a peptide, highlighting the variability of cell uptake mechanisms. Moreover, these results demonstrated the feasibility of cell-selective culture by conducting cell-selective permeation and death in cultures containing two cell types. These studies may lead to further peptide library design and screening for new classes of CPPs with useful functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Usui
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
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34
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Overcoming oral insulin delivery barriers: application of cell penetrating peptide and silica-based nanoporous composites. Front Chem Sci Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-013-1306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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35
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Eggimann GA, Buschor S, Darbre T, Reymond JL. Convergent synthesis and cellular uptake of multivalent cell penetrating peptides derived from Tat, Antp, pVEC, TP10 and SAP. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6717-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41023d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Futami M, Watanabe Y, Asama T, Murata H, Tada H, Kosaka M, Yamada H, Futami J. Uniformly Cationized Protein Efficiently Reaches the Cytosol of Mammalian Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2025-31. [DOI: 10.1021/bc300030d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Midori Futami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Biotechnology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Takashi Asama
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Biotechnology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Murata
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikatachou, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tada
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Biotechnology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Megumi Kosaka
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Biotechnology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yamada
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Biotechnology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Junichiro Futami
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Biotechnology, Okayama University, Japan
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37
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Desai PR, Shah PP, Patlolla RR, Singh M. Dermal microdialysis technique to evaluate the trafficking of surface-modified lipid nanoparticles upon topical application. Pharm Res 2012; 29:2587-600. [PMID: 22644591 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the skin pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of cell penetrating peptides (CPP) modified nano-structured lipid carrier (NLC) using an in vivo dermal microdialysis (MD) technique. METHODS Celecoxib (Cxb) encapsulated NLCs (CXBN), CPP modified CXBN (CXBN-CPP) and Cxb-Solution (CXBS) formulations were prepared and tested for in vitro skin distribution. MD was used to assess pharmacokinetic parameters of Cxb after topical application of Cxb formulations. The effect of pre-treatment with Cxb formulations was evaluated for expression of prostaglandin-E2 (PGE(2)) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) after exposure of xylene using MD. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) model was used to confirm in vivo therapeutic response of Cxb formulations. RESULTS The cumulative permeation of Cxb in MD dialysate after 24 h for CXBN-CPP was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than CXBN and CXBS. Further, pre-treatment with CXBN-CPP significantly inhibited PGE(2) and IL-6 expression compared to CXBS and CXBN (p < 0.001). In ACD model, CXBN-CPP showed significant reduction (p < 0.001) in ear thickness compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Surface modification of NLC with CPPs can enhance the skin permeation of Cxb and MD can be used to investigate pharmacokinetics of Cxb nanoparticles in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki R Desai
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
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38
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Yamada S, Kanno H, Kawahara N. Trans-membrane peptide therapy for malignant glioma by use of a peptide derived from the MDM2 binding site of p53. J Neurooncol 2012; 109:7-14. [PMID: 22528789 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-012-0860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy is required against glioblastoma, a highly aggressive and fatal disease. In recent studies the protein transduction domains (PTDs) of some proteins, which are able to cross biological membranes, have been identified as critical domains for protein transduction. Here, we show that this protein-delivery system is a powerful tool for transduction of p53, a biologically active tumor-suppressor protein, into cancer cells, to suppress their proliferation. A 15-amino-acid sequence corresponding to the mouse double minutes clone2 (MDM2) binding site of p53 was shown by cell proliferation assay and MTT assay to have a proliferation-inhibiting effect on glioma cells. The polyarginine11R as a PTD, nuclear localization sequence (NLS), and laminin (Ln) fused to the p53 peptide corresponding to the MDM2 binding site (p53-NLS-Ln-11R) effectively penetrated the plasma membrane of the glioma cells and was translocated into the nucleus. At a 10 μM: concentration, this peptide inhibited the proliferation of human glioma cells, whether the p53 gene had mutated or not. These results suggest that this protein-transduction method using the p53-NSL-Ln-11R peptide may become a promising glioma therapy as an alternative gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
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39
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Li GH, Li W, Mumper RJ, Nath A. Molecular mechanisms in the dramatic enhancement of HIV-1 Tat transduction by cationic liposomes. FASEB J 2012; 26:2824-34. [PMID: 22447980 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-203315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein possesses a unique membrane-transduction property. Interestingly, Tat transduction could be dramatically increased 1000-fold based on LTR-transactivation assay when complexed with cationic liposomes (lipo-Tat), compared with Tat alone. Therefore, underlining mechanisms were explored further. Microscopy and flow cytometry showed that this effect was associated with enhanced membrane binding, large particle formation (1-2 μm) and increased intracellular uptake of Tat fluorescent proteins. Using pharmacological assays and immune colocalizations, it was found that lipid raft-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis were major pathways involved in lipo-Tat uptake, and actin-filaments played a major role in intracellular trafficking of lipo-Tat to the nucleus. Furthermore, we found that the Tat hydrophobic domain (aa 36-47) mediated formation of two positively charged molecules into lipo-Tat complexes via hydrophobic bonds, based on LTR-transactivation inhibition assay. Thus, the hydrophobic domain may play an important role in Tat protein uptake and be useful for intracellular delivery of biomacromolecules if coupled together with Tat basic peptide, a cell-penetrating peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Han Li
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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40
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Zhao BX, Zhao Y, Huang Y, Luo LM, Song P, Wang X, Chen S, Yu KF, Zhang X, Zhang Q. The efficiency of tumor-specific pH-responsive peptide-modified polymeric micelles containing paclitaxel. Biomaterials 2012; 33:2508-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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41
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Wender PA, Cooley CB, Geihe EI. Beyond Cell Penetrating Peptides: Designed Molecular Transporters. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2012; 9:e1-e70. [PMID: 22712022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Inspired originally by peptides that traverse biological barriers, research on molecular transporters has since identified the key structural requirements that govern cellular entry, leading to new, significantly more effective and more readily available agents. These new drug delivery systems enable or enhance cellular and tissue uptake, can be targeted, and provide numerous additional advantages of significance in imaging, diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Wender
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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42
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Bryson DI, Zhang W, McLendon PM, Reineke TM, Santos WL. Toward targeting RNA structure: branched peptides as cell-permeable ligands to TAR RNA. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:210-7. [PMID: 22003984 DOI: 10.1021/cb200181v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rational design of RNA ligands continues to be a formidable challenge, but the potential powerful applications in biology and medicine catapults it to the forefront of chemical research. Indeed, small molecule and macromolecular intervention are attractive approaches, but selectivity and cell permeability can be a hurdle. An alternative strategy is to use molecules of intermediate molecular weight that possess large enough surface area to maximize interaction with the RNA structure but are small enough to be cell-permeable. Herein, we report the discovery of nontoxic and cell-permeable branched peptide (BP) ligands that bind to TAR RNA in the low micromolar range from on-bead high-throughput screening of 4,096 compounds. TAR is a short RNA motif in the 5'-UTR of HIV-1 that is responsible for efficient generation of full RNA transcripts. We demonstrate that BPs are selective for the native TAR RNA structure and that "branching" in peptides provides multivalent interaction, which increases binding affinity to RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I. Bryson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Patrick M. McLendon
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L. Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Miao Q, Bai X, Shen Y, Mei B, Gao J, Li L, Liang G. Intracellular self-assembly of nanoparticles for enhancing cell uptake. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:9738-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34899c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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44
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Dmitriev RI, Ropiak HM, Ponomarev GV, Yashunsky DV, Papkovsky DB. Cell-Penetrating Conjugates of Coproporphyrins with Oligoarginine Peptides: Rational Design and Application for Sensing Intracellular O2. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:2507-18. [DOI: 10.1021/bc200324q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan I. Dmitriev
- Biochemistry Department, University College Cork, Cavanagh Pharmacy Building,
Cork, Ireland
| | - Honorata M. Ropiak
- Biochemistry Department, University College Cork, Cavanagh Pharmacy Building,
Cork, Ireland
| | - Gelii V. Ponomarev
- Institute
of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Pogodinskaia Ul.
10/2, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitri V. Yashunsky
- Institute
of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Pogodinskaia Ul.
10/2, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitri B. Papkovsky
- Biochemistry Department, University College Cork, Cavanagh Pharmacy Building,
Cork, Ireland
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45
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Ma K, Shen H, Shen S, Xie M, Mao C, Qiu L, Jin Y. Development of a successive targeting liposome with multi-ligand for efficient targeting gene delivery. J Gene Med 2011; 13:290-301. [PMID: 21574214 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A successful gene delivery system needs to breakthrough several barriers to allow efficient transgenic expression. In the present study, successive targeting liposomes (STL) were constructed by integrating various targeting groups into a nanoparticle to address this issue. METHODS Polyethylenimine (PEI) 1800-triamcinolone acetonide (TA) with nuclear targeting capability was synthesized by a two-step reaction. Lactobionic acid was connected with cholesterol to obtain a compound of [(2-lactoylamido) ethylamino]formic acid cholesterol ester (CHEDLA) with hepatocyte-targeting capability. The liposome was modified with PEI 1800-TA and CHEDLA to prepare successive targeting liposome (STL). Its physicochemical properties and transfection efficiency were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The diameter of STL was approximately 100 nm with 20 mV of potential. The confocal microscopy observation and potential assay verified that lipid bilayer of STL was decorated with PEI 1800-TA. Cytotoxicity of STL was significantly lower than that of PEI 1800-TA and PEI 25K. The transfection efficiency of 10% CHEDLA STL in HepG2 cells was the higher than of the latter two with serum. Its transfection efficiency was greatly reduced with excessive free galactose, indicating that STL was absorbed via galactose receptor-mediated endocytosis. The in vivo study in mice showed that 10% CHEDLA STL had better transgenic expression in liver than the other carriers. CONCLUSIONS STL with multi-ligand was able to overcome the various barriers to target nucleus and special cells and present distinctive transgenic expression. Therefore, it has a great potential for gene therapy as a nonviral carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ma
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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46
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Saleh AF, Arzumanov A, Abes R, Owen D, Lebleu B, Gait MJ. Synthesis and splice-redirecting activity of branched, arginine-rich peptide dendrimer conjugates of peptide nucleic acid oligonucleotides. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 21:1902-11. [PMID: 20879728 PMCID: PMC2963316 DOI: 10.1021/bc100275r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides have found excellent utility in cell and in vivo models for enhancement of delivery of attached charge-neutral PNA or PMO oligonucleotides. We report the synthesis of dendrimeric peptides containing 2- or 4-branched arms each having one or more R-Ahx-R motifs and their disulfide conjugation to a PNA705 splice-redirecting oligonucleotide. Conjugates were assayed in a HeLa pLuc705 cell assay for luciferase up-regulation and splicing redirection. Whereas 8-Arg branched peptide−PNA conjugates showed poor activity compared to a linear (R-Ahx-R)4−PNA conjugate, 2-branched and some 4-branched 12 and 16 Arg peptide−PNA conjugates showed activity similar to that of the corresponding linear peptide−PNA conjugates. Many of the 12- and 16-Arg conjugates retained significant activity in the presence of serum. Evidence showed that biological activity in HeLa pLuc705 cells of the PNA conjugates of branched and linear (R-Ahx-R) peptides is associated with an energy-dependent uptake pathway, predominantly clathrin-dependent, but also with some caveolae dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer F Saleh
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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47
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Chi B, Park SJ, Park MH, Lee SY, Jeong B. Oligopeptide delivery carrier for osteoclast precursors. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 21:1473-8. [PMID: 20715852 DOI: 10.1021/bc100066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic amine and guanidinium group-modified nanoparticles were investigated for the delivery of model peptide drug into primary osteoclast precursor cells (bone marrow macrophages; BMMs). The model peptide drug was encapsulated into the nanoparticle by dropping the drug/carrier dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide/methylene chloride cosolvent into water containing poly(vinyl alcohol) as a stabilizer. Flow cytometry and spectrofluorimetry analysis indicated that the model drug itself was not taken up by the BMMs; however, nanoparticle systems underwent significant cellular uptake. In particular, guanidinium group-modified nanoparticles were taken up more efficiently than amine group-modified ones. Cell viability studies showed that both amine and guanidinium group-modified nanoparticles exhibited no significant cytotoxicity up to 100 microg/mL against the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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48
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Yang HW, Yi JW, Bang EK, Jeon EM, Kim BH. Cationic nucleolipids as efficient siRNA carriers. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:291-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00580k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Ma K, Hu M, Xie M, Shen H, Qiu L, Fan W, Sun H, Chen S, Jin Y. Investigation of polyethylenimine-grafted-triamcinolone acetonide as nucleus-targeting gene delivery systems. J Gene Med 2010; 12:669-80. [PMID: 20635325 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear membrane is one of the main barriers in polymer mediated intracellular gene delivery. To improve the transgenic activity and safety of nonviral vector, triamcinolone acetonide (TA) as a nuclear localization signal was conjugated with different molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI). METHODS Different molecular weight PEI [600, 1800, 25,000 (25k)] was conjugated with TA to synthesize PEI-TA by two-step reaction. Their physicochemical characteristics, in vitro cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency were evaluated. To investigate the difference of transfection efficiency of various molecular weight PEI-TA, their transfection mechanism was further investigated by confocal microscopy and competition assay. Transgenic expression in vivo was evaluated by injection into hepatic portal vein of mice. RESULTS All PEI-TA could form nanosize polyplexes with DNA and their physicochemical properties resemble each other. Their cytotoxicities were negligible compared to PEI 25k. The order of transfection efficiency was PEI 1800-TA > PEI 600-TA > PEI 25k-TA. A transfection mechanism study displayed that TA could inhibit considerably the transgenic activity of PEI 1800-TA and PEI 600-TA, but that of PEI 25k-TA was not inhibited. It was suggested that PEI 1800-TA and PEI 600-TA might translocate into the nucleus. Confocal microscopy investigation verified this suggestion. The data strongly suggested that the transfection efficiency of PEI 1800-TA in vivo was much higher than that of PEI 25k, which was consistent with the results obtained in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Low molecular weight PEI-TA could translocate into the nucleus efficiently. PEI 1800-TA presented higher transgenic activity and it has a great potential for gene therapy as a nonviral carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ma
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Angeles-Boza AM, Erazo-Oliveras A, Lee YJ, Pellois JP. Generation of endosomolytic reagents by branching of cell-penetrating peptides: tools for the delivery of bioactive compounds to live cells in cis or trans. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:2164-7. [PMID: 21043514 DOI: 10.1021/bc100130r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis and cellular delivery properties of multivalent and branched delivery systems consisting of cell-penetrating peptides assembled onto a peptide scaffold using native chemical ligation. A trimeric delivery system presenting three copies of the prototypical cell-penetrating peptide TAT shows an endosomolytic activity much higher than its monomeric and dimeric counterparts. This novel reagent promotes the endosomal release of macromolecules internalized into cells by endocytosis, and as a result, it can be used to achieve cytosolic delivery of bioactive but cell-impermeable macromolecules in either cis (covalent conjugation) or trans (simple coincubation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128, USA
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