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Beach M, Nayanathara U, Gao Y, Zhang C, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Such GK. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5505-5616. [PMID: 38626459 PMCID: PMC11086401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and necessitated the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles sit at the forefront of numerous promising drug delivery designs, due to their unmatched control over physiochemical properties such as size, shape, architecture, charge, and surface functionality. Furthermore, polymeric nanoparticles have the ability to navigate various biological barriers to precisely target specific sites within the body, encapsulate a diverse range of therapeutic cargo and efficiently release this cargo in response to internal and external stimuli. However, despite these remarkable advantages, the presence of polymeric nanoparticles in wider clinical application is minimal. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles. The biological barriers affecting drug delivery will be outlined first, followed by a comprehensive description of the various nanoparticle designs and preparation methods, beginning with the polymers on which they are based. The review will meticulously explore the current performance of polymeric nanoparticles against a myriad of diseases including cancer, viral and bacterial infections, before finally evaluating the advantages and crucial challenges that will determine their wider clinical potential in the decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian
A. Beach
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Umeka Nayanathara
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yanting Gao
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Changhe Zhang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yijun Xiong
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yufu Wang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Georgina K. Such
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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2
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DeJulius CR, Walton BL, Colazo JM, d'Arcy R, Francini N, Brunger JM, Duvall CL. Engineering approaches for RNA-based and cell-based osteoarthritis therapies. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:81-100. [PMID: 38253889 PMCID: PMC11129836 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, debilitating disease that substantially impairs the quality of life of affected individuals. The underlying mechanisms of OA are diverse and are becoming increasingly understood at the systemic, tissue, cellular and gene levels. However, the pharmacological therapies available remain limited, owing to drug delivery barriers, and consist mainly of broadly immunosuppressive regimens, such as corticosteroids, that provide only short-term palliative benefits and do not alter disease progression. Engineered RNA-based and cell-based therapies developed with synthetic chemistry and biology tools provide promise for future OA treatments with durable, efficacious mechanisms of action that can specifically target the underlying drivers of pathology. This Review highlights emerging classes of RNA-based technologies that hold potential for OA therapies, including small interfering RNA for gene silencing, microRNA and anti-microRNA for multi-gene regulation, mRNA for gene supplementation, and RNA-guided gene-editing platforms such as CRISPR-Cas9. Various cell-engineering strategies are also examined that potentiate disease-dependent, spatiotemporally regulated production of therapeutic molecules, and a conceptual framework is presented for their application as OA treatments. In summary, this Review highlights modern genetic medicines that have been clinically approved for other diseases, in addition to emerging genome and cellular engineering approaches, with the goal of emphasizing their potential as transformative OA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlisle R DeJulius
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bonnie L Walton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Juan M Colazo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Richard d'Arcy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nora Francini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan M Brunger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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3
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Zhou H, Chen DS, Hu CJ, Hong X, Shi J, Xiao Y. Stimuli-Responsive Nanotechnology for RNA Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303597. [PMID: 37915127 PMCID: PMC10754096 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) drugs have shown promising therapeutic effects for various diseases in clinical and preclinical studies, owing to their capability to regulate the expression of genes of interest or control protein synthesis. Different strategies, such as chemical modification, ligand conjugation, and nanotechnology, have contributed to the successful clinical translation of RNA medicine, including small interfering RNA (siRNA) for gene silencing and messenger RNA (mRNA) for vaccine development. Among these, nanotechnology can protect RNAs from enzymatic degradation, increase cellular uptake and cytosolic transportation, prolong systemic circulation, and improve tissue/cell targeting. Here, a focused overview of stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies for RNA delivery, which have shown unique benefits in promoting RNA bioactivity and cell/organ selectivity, is provided. Many tissue/cell-specific microenvironmental features, such as pH, enzyme, hypoxia, and redox, are utilized in designing internal stimuli-responsive RNA nanoparticles (NPs). In addition, external stimuli, such as light, magnetic field, and ultrasound, have also been used for controlling RNA release and transportation. This review summarizes a wide range of stimuli-responsive NP systems for RNA delivery, which may facilitate the development of next-generation RNA medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Trial CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversitySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University430071WuhanChina
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyPerioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications210023NanjingChina
| | - Dean Shuailin Chen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyPerioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Caleb J. Hu
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyPerioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Trial CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversitySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University430071WuhanChina
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyPerioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Yuling Xiao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyPerioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
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4
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Meng L, Song K, Li S, Kang Y. Exosomes: Small Vesicles with Important Roles in the Development, Metastasis and Treatment of Breast Cancer. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080775. [PMID: 36005690 PMCID: PMC9414313 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has now overtaken lung cancer as the most common cancer, while no biopredictive marker isolated from biological fluids has yet emerged clinically. After traditional chemotherapy, with the huge side effects brought by drugs, patients also suffer from the double affliction of drugs to the body while fighting cancer, and they often quickly develop drug resistance after the drug, leading to a poor prognosis. And the treatment of some breast cancer subtypes, such as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), is even more difficult. Exosomes (Exos), which are naturally occurring extracellular vesicles (EVs) with nanoscale acellular structures ranging in diameter from 40 to 160 nm, can be isolated from various biological fluids and have been widely studied because they are derived from the cell membrane, have extremely small diameter, and are widely involved in various biological activities of the body. It can be used directly or modified to make derivatives or to make some analogs for the treatment of breast cancer. This review will focus on the involvement of exosomes in breast cancer initiation, progression, invasion as well as metastasis and the therapeutic role of exosomes in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling’ao Meng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Kedong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yue Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.K.)
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5
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6
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Li X, Montague EC, Pollinzi A, Lofts A, Hoare T. Design of Smart Size-, Surface-, and Shape-Switching Nanoparticles to Improve Therapeutic Efficacy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104632. [PMID: 34936204 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Multiple biological barriers must be considered in the design of nanomedicines, including prolonged blood circulation, efficient accumulation at the target site, effective penetration into the target tissue, selective uptake of the nanoparticles into target cells, and successful endosomal escape. However, different particle sizes, surface chemistries, and sometimes shapes are required to achieve the desired transport properties at each step of the delivery process. In response, this review highlights recent developments in the design of switchable nanoparticles whose size, surface chemistry, shape, or a combination thereof can be altered as a function of time, a disease-specific microenvironment, and/or via an externally applied stimulus to enable improved optimization of nanoparticle properties in each step of the delivery process. The practical use of such nanoparticles in chemotherapy, bioimaging, photothermal therapy, and other applications is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - E Coulter Montague
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Angela Pollinzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Andrew Lofts
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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7
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Yan Y, Liu XY, Lu A, Wang XY, Jiang LX, Wang JC. Non-viral vectors for RNA delivery. J Control Release 2022; 342:241-279. [PMID: 35016918 PMCID: PMC8743282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RNA-based therapy is a promising and potential strategy for disease treatment by introducing exogenous nucleic acids such as messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA) or antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) to modulate gene expression in specific cells. It is exciting that mRNA encoding the spike protein of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) delivered by lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) exhibits the efficient protection of lungs infection against the virus. In this review, we introduce the biological barriers to RNA delivery in vivo and discuss recent advances in non-viral delivery systems, such as lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-siRNA conjugate, and biomimetic nanovectors, which can protect RNAs against degradation by ribonucleases, accumulate in specific tissue, facilitate cell internalization, and allow for the controlled release of the encapsulated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - An Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Xia Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China..
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8
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Bai M, Yang M, Gong J, Xu H, Wei Z. Progress and Principle of Drug Nanocrystals for Tumor Targeted Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:41. [PMID: 34964079 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs are referred to as drug nanocrystals when they exist as nanoscale crystal structures. This kind of nanocarrier has been widely utilized to increase the solubility and absorption for poorly aqueous soluble drugs after oral administration, or prolong the drug circulation when intravenous administration. The systemic cytotoxicity caused by antitumor drugs usually come from the nonspecific drug distribution. To solve the disadvantage of poor targetability, drug nanocrystals for tumor targeted delivery have been developed in recent years. In this review, the targeting mechanisms of various surface modified drug nanocrystals are introduced with the focus on passive targeting, active targeting and stimuli-responsive targeting in details. Function and application of common surface modified materials are also discussed.
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9
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Yu SS, Hubbell JA, Swartz MA. Overcoming transport barriers to immunotherapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2273-2275. [PMID: 34718959 PMCID: PMC10994393 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapies are designed to treat disease by modulating the activity of immune cells. Here, we consider how anatomy and microphysiology create transport barriers to immunotherapeutic delivery and retention at diseased sites, and summarize recent developments to overcome these barriers by exploiting immunobiology to engineer molecular and cellular engineering approaches. Creating impactful and practical solutions across these diseases requires the integration of the collective expertise of pathologists, clinicians, immunologists, biophysicists, immunoengineers, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shann S Yu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Hubbell
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melody A Swartz
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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10
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Garland KM, Rosch JC, Carson CS, Wang-Bishop L, Hanna A, Sevimli S, Van Kaer C, Balko JM, Ascano M, Wilson JT. Pharmacological Activation of cGAS for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:753472. [PMID: 34899704 PMCID: PMC8662543 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
When compartmentally mislocalized within cells, nucleic acids can be exceptionally immunostimulatory and can even trigger the immune-mediated elimination of cancer. Specifically, the accumulation of double-stranded DNA in the cytosol can efficiently promote antitumor immunity by activating the cGAMP synthase (cGAS) / stimulator of interferon genes (STING) cellular signaling pathway. Targeting this cytosolic DNA sensing pathway with interferon stimulatory DNA (ISD) is therefore an attractive immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. However, the therapeutic activity of ISD is limited by several drug delivery barriers, including susceptibility to deoxyribonuclease degradation, poor cellular uptake, and inefficient cytosolic delivery. Here, we describe the development of a nucleic acid immunotherapeutic, NanoISD, which overcomes critical delivery barriers that limit the activity of ISD and thereby promotes antitumor immunity through the pharmacological activation of cGAS at the forefront of the STING pathway. NanoISD is a nanoparticle formulation that has been engineered to confer deoxyribonuclease resistance, enhance cellular uptake, and promote endosomal escape of ISD into the cytosol, resulting in potent activation of the STING pathway via cGAS. NanoISD mediates the local production of proinflammatory cytokines via STING signaling. Accordingly, the intratumoral administration of NanoISD induces the infiltration of natural killer cells and T lymphocytes into murine tumors. The therapeutic efficacy of NanoISD is demonstrated in preclinical tumor models by attenuated tumor growth, prolonged survival, and an improved response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M. Garland
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jonah C. Rosch
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Carcia S. Carson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Lihong Wang-Bishop
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ann Hanna
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sema Sevimli
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Casey Van Kaer
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Justin M. Balko
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Manuel Ascano
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John T. Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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11
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Pereira P, Serra AC, Coelho JF. Vinyl Polymer-based technologies towards the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Cao S, Lin C, Li X, Liang Y, Saw PE. TME-Responsive Multistage Nanoplatform for siRNA Delivery and Effective Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5909-5921. [PMID: 34475756 PMCID: PMC8407678 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s322901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi), RNAi technology has rapidly developed into an efficient tool for post-transcriptional gene silencing, which has been widely used for clinical or preclinical treatment of various diseases including cancer. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is the effector molecule of RNAi technology. However, as polyanionic macromolecules, naked siRNAs have a short circulatory half-life (<15 min) and is rapidly cleared by renal filtration, which greatly hinders their clinical application. Furthermore, the anionic and macromolecular characteristics of naked siRNAs impede their readiness to cross the cell membrane and therefore delivery vehicles are required to facilitate the cellular uptake and cytosolic delivery of naked siRNAs. In the past decade, numerous nanoparticles (NPs) such as liposomes have been employed for in vivo siRNA delivery, which have achieved favorable therapeutic outcomes in clinical disease treatment. In particular, because tumor microenvironment (TME) or tumor cells show several distinguishing biological/endogenous factors (eg, pH, enzymes, redox, and hypoxia) compared to normal tissues or cells, much attention has recently paid to design and construct TME-responsive NPs for multistaged siRNA delivery, which can respond to biological stimuli to achieve efficient in vivo gene silencing and better anticancer effect. In this review, we summarize recent advances in TME-responsive siRNA delivery systems, especially multistage delivery NPs, and discuss their design principles, functions, effects, and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixia Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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13
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Joyce K, Fabra GT, Bozkurt Y, Pandit A. Bioactive potential of natural biomaterials: identification, retention and assessment of biological properties. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:122. [PMID: 33737507 PMCID: PMC7973744 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials have had an increasingly important role in recent decades, in biomedical device design and the development of tissue engineering solutions for cell delivery, drug delivery, device integration, tissue replacement, and more. There is an increasing trend in tissue engineering to use natural substrates, such as macromolecules native to plants and animals to improve the biocompatibility and biodegradability of delivered materials. At the same time, these materials have favourable mechanical properties and often considered to be biologically inert. More importantly, these macromolecules possess innate functions and properties due to their unique chemical composition and structure, which increase their bioactivity and therapeutic potential in a wide range of applications. While much focus has been on integrating these materials into these devices via a spectrum of cross-linking mechanisms, little attention is drawn to residual bioactivity that is often hampered during isolation, purification, and production processes. Herein, we discuss methods of initial material characterisation to determine innate bioactivity, means of material processing including cross-linking, decellularisation, and purification techniques and finally, a biological assessment of retained bioactivity of a final product. This review aims to address considerations for biomaterials design from natural polymers, through the optimisation and preservation of bioactive components that maximise the inherent bioactive potency of the substrate to promote tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Joyce
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Georgina Targa Fabra
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yagmur Bozkurt
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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14
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Biomedical nanoparticle design: What we can learn from viruses. J Control Release 2021; 329:552-569. [PMID: 33007365 PMCID: PMC7525328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are nanomaterials with a number of properties that surpass those of many synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications. They possess a rigorously ordered structure, come in a variety of shapes, and present unique surface elements, such as spikes. These attributes facilitate propitious biodistribution, the crossing of complex biological barriers and a minutely coordinated interaction with cells. Due to the orchestrated sequence of interactions of their stringently arranged particle corona with cellular surface receptors they effectively identify and infect their host cells with utmost specificity, while evading the immune system at the same time. Furthermore, their efficacy is enhanced by their response to stimuli and the ability to spread from cell to cell. Over the years, great efforts have been made to mimic distinct viral traits to improve biomedical nanomaterial performance. However, a closer look at the literature reveals that no comprehensive evaluation of the benefit of virus-mimetic material design on the targeting efficiency of nanomaterials exists. In this review we, therefore, elucidate the impact that viral properties had on fundamental advances in outfitting nanomaterials with the ability to interact specifically with their target cells. We give a comprehensive overview of the diverse design strategies and identify critical steps on the way to reducing them to practice. More so, we discuss the advantages and future perspectives of a virus-mimetic nanomaterial design and try to elucidate if viral mimicry holds the key for better NP targeting.
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15
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Irshad S, Siddiqui B, ur.Rehman A, Farooq RK, Ahmed N. Recent trends and development in targeted delivery of therapeutics through enzyme responsive intelligent nanoplatform. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1848829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Irshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bazla Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asim. ur.Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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16
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Soleymani J, Hasanzadeh M, shadjou N, Somi MH, Jouyban A. The role of nanomaterials on the cancer cells sensing based on folate receptor: Analytical approach. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Muhammad K, Zhao J, Ullah I, Guo J, Ren XK, Feng Y. Ligand targeting and peptide functionalized polymers as non-viral carriers for gene therapy. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:64-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ligand targeting and peptide functionalized polymers serve as gene carriers for efficient gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Muhammad
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Jintang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xiang-kui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
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18
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Yu M, Gai C, Li Z, Ding D, Zheng J, Zhang W, Lv S, Li W. Targeted exosome-encapsulated erastin induced ferroptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3173-3182. [PMID: 31464035 PMCID: PMC6778638 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron‐dependent, lipid peroxide‐driven cell death caused by inhibition of the cystine/glutamate transporter, which is of importance for the survival of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Erastin is a low molecular weight chemotherapy drug that induces ferroptosis; however, poor water solubility and renal toxicity have limited its application. Exosomes, as drug delivery vehicles with low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility and high efficiency, have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Herein, we developed a formulation of erastin‐loaded exosomes labeled with folate (FA) to form FA‐vectorized exosomes loaded with erastin (erastin@FA‐exo) to target TNBC cells with overexpression of FA receptors. The characterization, drug release, internalization and anti–tumor effect in vitro of erastin@FA‐exo were determined. Erastin@FA‐exo could increase the uptake efficiency of erastin into MDA‐MB‐231 cells; compared with erastin@exo and free erastin, erastin@FA‐exo has a better inhibitory effect on the proliferation and migration of MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Furthermore, erastin@FA‐exo promoted ferroptosis with intracellular depletion of glutathione and reactive oxygen species overgeneration. Western blot analyses revealed that erastin@FA‐exo suppressed expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and upregulated expression of cysteine dioxygenase (CDO1). We conclude that targeting and biocompatibility of exosome‐based erastin preparations provide an innovative and powerful delivery platform for anti–cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Yu
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Target Drug Delivery System, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chengcheng Gai
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Target Drug Delivery System, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zihaoran Li
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Dejun Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Weifen Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Target Drug Delivery System, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shijun Lv
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wentong Li
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Target Drug Delivery System, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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19
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Tan Z, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Karls L, Lodge TP, Reineke TM. Polycation Architecture and Assembly Direct Successful Gene Delivery: Micelleplexes Outperform Polyplexes via Optimal DNA Packaging. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15804-15817. [PMID: 31553590 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular delivery of biomacromolecules is vital to medical research and therapeutic development. Cationic polymers are promising and affordable candidate vehicles for these precious payloads. However, the impact of polycation architecture and solution assembly on the biological mechanisms and efficacy of these vehicles has not been clearly defined. In this study, four polymers containing the same cationic poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (D) block but placed in different architectures have been synthesized, characterized, and compared for cargo binding and biological performance. The D homopolymer and its diblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (OD) readily encapsulate pDNA to form polyplexes. Two amphiphilic block polymer variants, poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (DB) and poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (ODB), self-assemble into micelles, which template pDNA winding around the cationic corona to form micelleplexes. Micelleplexes were found to have superior delivery efficiency compared to polyplexes and detailed physicochemical and biological characterizations were performed to pinpoint the mechanisms by testing hypotheses related to cellular internalization, intracellular trafficking, and pDNA unpackaging. For the first time, we find that the higher concentration of amines housed in micelleplexes stimulates both cellular internalization and potential endosomal escape, and the physical motif of pDNA winding into micelleplexes, reminiscent of DNA compaction by histones in chromatin, preserves the pDNA secondary structure in its native B form. This likely allows greater payload accessibility for protein expression with micelleplexes compared to polyplexes, which tightly condense pDNA and significantly distort its helicity. This work provides important guidance for the design of successful biomolecular delivery systems via optimizing the physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Tan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Yaming Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science , University of Minnesota , 421 Washington Avenue SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science , University of Minnesota , 421 Washington Avenue SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Logan Karls
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science , University of Minnesota , 421 Washington Avenue SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Timothy P Lodge
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science , University of Minnesota , 421 Washington Avenue SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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20
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Vanderburgh JP, Kwakwa KA, Werfel TA, Merkel AR, Gupta MK, Johnson RW, Guelcher SA, Duvall CL, Rhoades JA. Systemic delivery of a Gli inhibitor via polymeric nanocarriers inhibits tumor-induced bone disease. J Control Release 2019; 311-312:257-272. [PMID: 31494183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors frequently metastasize to bone and induce bone destruction leading to severe pain, fractures, and other skeletal-related events (SREs). Osteoclast inhibitors such as bisphosphonates delay SREs but do not prevent skeletal complications or improve overall survival. Because bisphosphonates can cause adverse side effects and are contraindicated for some patients, we sought an alternative therapy to reduce tumor-associated bone destruction. Our previous studies identified the transcription factor Gli2 as a key regulator of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), which is produced by bone metastatic tumor cells to promote osteoclast-mediated bone destruction. In this study, we tested the treatment effect of a Gli antagonist GANT58, which inhibits Gli2 nuclear translocation and PTHrP expression in tumor cells. In initial testing, GANT58 did not have efficacy in vivo due to its low water solubility and poor bioavailability. We therefore developed a micellar nanoparticle (NP) to encapsulate and colloidally stabilize GANT58, providing a fully aqueous, intravenously injectable formulation based on the polymer poly(propylene sulfide)135-b-poly[(oligoethylene glycol)9 methyl ether acrylate]17 (PPS135-b-POEGA17). POEGA forms the hydrophilic NP surface while PPS forms the hydrophobic NP core that sequesters GANT58. In response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), PPS becomes hydrophilic and degrades to enable drug release. In an intratibial model of breast cancer bone metastasis, treatment with GANT58-NPs decreased bone lesion area by 49% (p<.01) and lesion number by 38% (p<.05) and resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in trabecular bone volume (p<.001). Similar results were observed in intracardiac and intratibial models of breast and lung cancer bone metastasis, respectively. Importantly, GANT58-NPs reduced tumor cell proliferation but did not alter mesenchymal stem cell proliferation or osteoblast mineralization in vitro, nor was there evidence of cytotoxicity after repeated in vivo treatment. Thus, inhibition of Gli2 using GANT58-NPs is a potential therapy to reduce bone destruction that should be considered for further testing and development toward clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Vanderburgh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Kristin A Kwakwa
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Alyssa R Merkel
- Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mukesh K Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Rachelle W Johnson
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Scott A Guelcher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Julie A Rhoades
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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21
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Shahriari M, Zahiri M, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M. Enzyme responsive drug delivery systems in cancer treatment. J Control Release 2019; 308:172-189. [PMID: 31295542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent technological approaches in drug delivery have attracted scientist interest for improving therapeutic index of medicines and drug compliance. One of the powerful strategies to control the transportation of drugs is implementation of intelligent stimuli-responsive drug delivery system (DDS). In this regard, tumor tissues with unique characteristics including leaky vasculature and diverse enzyme expression profiles facilitate the development of efficient enzyme-responsive nanoscale delivery systems. Based on the stimuli nature (physical, chemical and biological), these systems can be categorized into three groups according to the nature of trigger initiating the drug release. Enzymes are substantial constituents of the biotechnology toolbox offering promising capabilities and ideal characteristics to accelerate chemical reactions. Nanoparticles which have the ability to trigger their cargo release in the presence of specific enzymes are fabricated implementing fascinating physico-chemical properties of different materials in a nanoscale dimension. In order to reduce the adverse effects of the therapeutic agents, nanocarriers can be utilized and modified with enzyme-labile linkages to provide on-demand enzyme-responsive drug release. In the current review, we give an overview of drug delivery systems which can deliver drugs to the tumor microenvironment and initiate the drug release in response to specific enzymes highly expressed in particular tumor tissues. This strategy offers a versatile platform for intelligent drug release at the site of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Shahriari
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zahiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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22
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Lu HH, Huang CH, Shiue TY, Wang FS, Chang KK, Chen Y, Peng CH. Highly efficient gene release in spatiotemporal precision approached by light and pH dual responsive copolymers. Chem Sci 2019; 10:284-292. [PMID: 30713638 PMCID: PMC6333234 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01494a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(pyrenylmethyl methacrylate) (PEG-b-PDMAEMA-b-PPy) has been developed for use as an ideal gene delivery system, which showed both high stability under physiological conditions and efficient gene release in a mimetic cancer environment. The siRNA release from this system without external stimulation was 16% in 1 h and then remained steady. However, the photo-triggered siRNA release was 78% within 1 h and was higher than 91% after 24 h. The remarkable contrast between the stability and release efficiency of these siRNA-condensed micelleplexes before and after photo-irradiation has been rationalized by the light- and pH-induced structural transitions of the triblock copolymer micelles. The negligible cytotoxicity, high cellular uptake efficiency, and remarkable knockdown efficiency shown in in vitro tests further revealed the promising potential of these triblock copolymer micelleplexes for use in stimuli-responsive gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hsun Lu
- Department of Chemistry , Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Cheng-Hung Huang
- Department of Chemistry , Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Ting-Yun Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering , Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Ko-Kai Chang
- Department of Chemistry , Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering , Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Chi-How Peng
- Department of Chemistry , Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
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23
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Moreno A, Lligadas G, Ronda JC, Galià M, Cádiz V. Orthogonally functionalizable polyacetals: a versatile platform for the design of acid sensitive amphiphilic copolymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01107b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dually functionalized amphiphilic copolyacetals as rational approach to the development of pH-responsive site-specific drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Ronda
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Marina Galià
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Virginia Cádiz
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
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24
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Yao Q, Kou L, Tu Y, Zhu L. MMP-Responsive 'Smart' Drug Delivery and Tumor Targeting. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:766-781. [PMID: 30032745 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major extracellular enzymes involved in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. MMPs are widely used as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Recently, MMPs have been investigated as robust tumor microenvironmental stimuli for 'smart' MMP-responsive drug delivery and tumor targeting and have shown great potential in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this article, we review the newly emerging MMP-responsive strategies and major MMP-responsive nanomaterials and nanocarriers used for tumor-targeted delivery of drugs and imaging agents at the tissue, cellular, and intracellular levels. We also discuss the challenges and critical considerations in their development and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ying Tu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.
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25
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Secret E, Andrew JS. Enzyme-responsive Drug Delivery Systems. STIMULI-RESPONSIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788013536-00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
One major challenge in the pharmaceutical industry is how to deliver drugs locally and specifically to a target area. One way to accomplish this is to develop drug delivery vehicles that respond to biomarkers or other cues that are indicative of a disease state. Over the past several years, enzymes have become key targets for bio-recognition due to their role in both healthy and diseased tissues. This has led to the development of drug delivery vehicles that release their cargo via either carrier degradation, shape change, or bond cleavage due to enzymes over-expressed at the disease site. This chapter will focus on the use of both oxidoreductases and hydrolases as triggers for enzyme-responsive drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Secret
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Jennifer S. Andrew
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
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26
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Wagner AM, Spencer DS, Peppas NA. Advanced architectures in the design of responsive polymers for cancer nanomedicine. J Appl Polym Sci 2018; 135:46154. [PMID: 30174339 PMCID: PMC6114141 DOI: 10.1002/app.46154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, nanoparticles have shown significant promise as an oncology treatment modality. Responsive polymers represent a promising class of nanoparticles that can trigger delivery through the exploitation of a specific stimuli. Response to a stimulus is one of the most basic processes found in living systems. As such, the desire to engineer dynamic and functional materials is becoming more prevalent in an effort to achieve precise control over our environment. The combination of controlled radical polymerization and high yielding chemistry strategies provide an excellent basis for the development of the next generation of drug delivery systems. The versatility of polymer chemistries available enables the synthesis of increasingly complex architectures with enhanced delivery specificity and control over the desired properties to interface with biological systems. This tutorial review highlights recent developments in polymer-based approaches to internally responsive nanoparticles for oncology. Presented are concise overviews of the current challenges and opportunities in cancer nanomedicine, common polymer-based architectures, and the basis for internally triggered stimuli-response relationships commonly employed in oncology applications. Examples of the chemistry used in the design of environmentally labile nanomaterials are discussed, and we outline recent advances in creating advanced bioresponsive drug delivery architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Wagner
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - David S Spencer
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Surgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
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27
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Tumor target amplification: Implications for nano drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2018; 275:142-161. [PMID: 29454742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells overexpress surface markers which are absent from normal cells. These tumor-restricted antigenic signatures are a fundamental basis for distinguishing on-target from off-target cells for ligand-directed targeting of cancer cells. Unfortunately, tumor heterogeneity impedes the establishment of a solid expression pattern for a given target marker, leading to drastic changes in quality (availability) and quantity (number) of the target. Consequently, a subset of cancer cells remains untargeted during the course of treatment, which subsequently promotes drug-resistance and cancer relapse. Since target inefficiency is only problematic for cancer treatment and not for treatment of other pathological conditions such as viral/bacterial infections, target amplification or the generation of novel targets is key to providing eligible antigenic markers for effective targeted therapy. This review summarizes the limitations of current ligand-directed targeting strategies and provides a comprehensive overview of tumor target amplification strategies, including self-amplifying systems, dual targeting, artificial markers and peptide modification. We also discuss the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of these approaches, the underlying mechanism(s) and established methodologies, mostly in the context of different nanodelivery systems, to facilitate more effective ligand-directed cancer cell monitoring and targeting.
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28
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Targeted Delivery of siRNA Therapeutics to Malignant Tumors. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2017; 2017:6971297. [PMID: 29218233 PMCID: PMC5700508 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6971297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, a diverse group of ligands targeting surface biomarkers or receptors has been identified with several investigated to target siRNA to tumors. Many approaches to developing tumor-homing peptides, RNA and DNA aptamers, and single-chain variable fragment antibodies by using phage display, in vitro evolution, and recombinant antibody methods could not have been imagined by researchers in the 1980s. Despite these many scientific advances, there is no reason to expect that the ligand field will not continue to evolve. From development of ligands based on novel or existing biomarkers to linking ligands to drugs and gene and antisense delivery systems, several fields have coalesced to facilitate ligand-directed siRNA therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the major categories of ligand-targeted siRNA therapeutics for tumors, as well as the different strategies to identify new ligands.
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29
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Engineered polymeric nanoparticles to guide the cellular internalization and trafficking of small interfering ribonucleic acids. J Control Release 2017; 259:3-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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30
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Xiong J, Gao H. Matrix metalloproteases-responsive nanomaterials for tumor targeting diagnosis and treatment. J Microencapsul 2017; 34:440-453. [PMID: 28617063 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2017.1343873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Xiong
- Research Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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31
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Zhang W, Yu ZL, Wu M, Ren JG, Xia HF, Sa GL, Zhu JY, Pang DW, Zhao YF, Chen G. Magnetic and Folate Functionalization Enables Rapid Isolation and Enhanced Tumor-Targeting of Cell-Derived Microvesicles. ACS NANO 2017; 11:277-290. [PMID: 28005331 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cell-derived microvesicles (MVs), which are biogenic nanosized membrane-bound vesicles that convey bioactive molecules between cells, have recently received attention for use as natural therapeutic platforms. However, the medical applications of MV-based delivery platforms are limited by the lack of effective methods for the efficient isolation of MVs and the convenient tuning of their targeting properties. Herein, we report the development of magnetic and folate (FA)-modified MVs based on a donor cell-assisted membrane modification strategy. MVs inherit the membrane properties of their donor cells, which allows them to be modified with the biotin and FA on their own membrane. By conjugating with streptavidin-modified iron oxide nanoparticles (SA-IONPs), the MVs can be conveniently, efficiently, and rapidly isolated from the supernatant of their donor cells using magnetic activated sorting. Moreover, the conjugated magnetic nanoparticles and FA confer magnetic and ligand targeting activities on the MVs. Then, the MVs were transformed into antitumor delivery platforms by directly loading doxorubicin via electroporation. The modified MVs exhibited significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this study provides an efficient and convenient strategy for the simultaneous isolation of cell-derived MVs and transformation into targeted drug delivery nanovectors, thus facilitating the development of natural therapeutic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Li Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and the Institute for Advanced Studies, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University , 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Gang Ren
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hou-Fu Xia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Liang Sa
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Yi Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and the Institute for Advanced Studies, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University , 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fang Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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32
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Ganju A, Khan S, Hafeez BB, Behrman SW, Yallapu MM, Chauhan SC, Jaggi M. miRNA nanotherapeutics for cancer. Drug Discov Today 2016; 22:424-432. [PMID: 27815139 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression through diverse mechanisms. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNA-based therapies, either restoring or repressing miRNA expression and activity, hold great promise. However, the efficient delivery of miRNAs to target tissues is a major challenge in the transition of miRNA therapy to the clinic. Cationic polymers or viral vectors are efficient delivery agents but their systemic toxicity and immunogenicity limit their clinical usage. Efficient targeting and sustained release of miRNAs/anti-miRNAs using nanoparticles (NPs) conjugated with antibodies and/or peptides could reduce the required therapeutic dosage while minimizing systemic and cellular toxicity. Given their importance in clinical oncology, here we focus on the development of miRNA nanoformulations to achieve enhanced cellular uptake, bioavailability, and accumulation at the tumor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Ganju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Center for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Center for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Bilal B Hafeez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Center for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Stephen W Behrman
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Center for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Center for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Center for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Marshalek JP, Sheeran PS, Ingram P, Dayton PA, Witte RS, Matsunaga TO. Intracellular delivery and ultrasonic activation of folate receptor-targeted phase-change contrast agents in breast cancer cells in vitro. J Control Release 2016; 243:69-77. [PMID: 27686582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a diverse and complex disease that remains one of the leading causes of death among women. Novel, outside-of-the-box imaging and treatment methods are needed to supplement currently available technologies. In this study, we present evidence for the intracellular delivery and ultrasound-stimulated activation of folate receptor (FR)-targeted phase-change contrast agents (PCCAs) in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro. PCCAs are lipid-coated, perfluorocarbon-filled particles formulated as nanoscale liquid droplets capable of vaporization into gaseous microbubbles for imaging or therapy. Cells were incubated with 1:1 decafluorobutane (DFB)/octafluoropropane (OFP) PCCAs for 1h, imaged via confocal microscopy, exposed to ultrasound (9MHz, MI=1.0 or 1.5), and imaged again after insonation. FR-targeted PCCAs were observed intracellularly in both cell lines, but uptake was significantly greater (p<0.001) in MDA-MB-231 cells (93.0% internalization at MI=1.0, 79.5% at MI=1.5) than MCF-7 cells (42.4% internalization at MI=1.0, 35.7% at MI=1.5). Folate incorporation increased the frequency of intracellular PCCA detection 45-fold for MDA-MB-231 cells and 7-fold for MCF-7 cells, relative to untargeted PCCAs. Intracellularly activated PCCAs ranged from 500nm to 6μm (IQR=800nm-1.5μm) with a mean diameter of 1.15±0.59 (SD) microns. The work presented herein demonstrates the feasibility of PCCA intracellular delivery and activation using breast cancer cells, illuminating a new platform toward intracellular imaging or therapeutic delivery with ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul S Sheeran
- Physical Sciences Department, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pier Ingram
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Russell S Witte
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Terry O Matsunaga
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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34
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Kim HJ, Kim A, Miyata K, Kataoka K. Recent progress in development of siRNA delivery vehicles for cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 104:61-77. [PMID: 27352638 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in RNA biology has broadened the scope of therapeutic targets of RNA drugs for cancer therapy. However, RNA drugs, typically small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), are rapidly degraded by RNases and filtrated in the kidney, thereby requiring a delivery vehicle for efficient transport to the target cells. To date, various delivery formulations have been developed from cationic lipids, polymers, and/or inorganic nanoparticles for systemic delivery of siRNA to solid tumors. This review describes the current status of clinical trials related to siRNA-based cancer therapy, as well as the remaining issues that need to be overcome to establish a successful therapy. It, then introduces various promising design strategies of delivery vehicles for stable and targeted siRNA delivery, including the prospects for future design.
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35
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Liu J, Xu L, Jin Y, Qi C, Li Q, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Wang G, Wang Z, Wang L. Cell-Targeting Cationic Gene Delivery System Based on a Modular Design Rationale. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:14200-14210. [PMID: 27191222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
En route to target cells, a gene carrier faces multiple extra- and intracellular hurdles that would affect delivery efficacy. Although diverse strategies have been proposed to functionalize gene carriers for individually overcoming these barriers, it is challenging to generate a single multifunctional gene carrier capable of surmounting all these barriers. Aiming at this challenge, we have developed a supramolecular modular approach to fabricate a multifunctional cationic gene delivery system. It consists of two prefunctionalized modules: (1) a host module: a polymer (PCD-SS-PDMAEMA) composed of poly(β-cyclodextrin) backbone and disulfide-linked PDMAEMA arms, expectedly acting to compact DNA and release DNA upon cleavage of disulfide linkers in reductive microenvironment; and (2) a guest module: adamantyl and folate terminated PEG (Ad-PEG-FA), expectedly functioning to reduce nonspecific interactions, improve biocompatibility, and provide folate-mediated cellular targeting specificity. Through the host-guest interaction between β-cyclodextrin units of the "host" module and adamantyl groups of the "guest" module, the PCD-SS-PDMAEMA-1 (host) and Ad-PEG-FA (guest) self-assemble forming a supramolecular pseudocopolymer (PCD-SS-PDMAEMA-1/PEG-FA). Our comprehensive analyses demonstrate that the functions preassigned to the two building modules are well realized. The gene carrier effectively compacts DNA into stable nanosized polyplexes resistant to enzymatic digestion, triggers DNA release in reducing environment, possesses significantly improved hemocompatibility, and specifically targets folate-receptor positive cells. Most importantly, endowed with these predesigned functions, the PCD-SS-PDMAEMA-1/PEG-FA supramolecular gene carrier exhibits excellent transfection efficacy for both pDNA and siRNA. Thus, this work represents a proof-of-concept example showing the efficiency and convenience of an adaptable, modular approach for conferring multiple functions to a single supramolecular gene carrier toward effective in vivo delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Luming Xu
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiration, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qilin Li
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yunti Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
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36
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Godeshala S, Nitiyanandan R, Thompson B, Goklany S, Nielsen DR, Rege K. Folate receptor-targeted aminoglycoside-derived polymers for transgene expression in cancer cells. Bioeng Transl Med 2016; 1:220-231. [PMID: 29313013 PMCID: PMC5675079 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics can potentially overcome the limitations associated with current chemotherapeutic regimens. Folate receptors are overexpressed in several cancers, including ovarian, triple-negative breast and bladder cancers, making them attractive for targeted delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics to these tumors. This work describes the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of folic acid-conjugated, aminoglycoside-derived polymers for targeted delivery of transgenes to breast and bladder cancer cell lines. Transgene expression was significantly higher with FA-conjugated aminoglycoside-derived polymers than with Lipofectamine, and these polymers demonstrated minimal cytotoxicty. Competitive inhibition using free folic acid significantly reduced transgene expression efficacy of folate-targeted polymers, suggesting a role for folate receptor-mediated uptake. High efficacy FA-targeted polymers were employed to deliver a plasmid expressing the TRAIL protein, which induced death in cancer cells. These results indicate that FA-conjugated aminoglycoside-derived polymers are promising for targeted delivery of nucleic acids to cancer cells that overexpress folate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brian Thompson
- Chemical EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287
| | - Sheba Goklany
- Chemical EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287
| | | | - Kaushal Rege
- Chemical EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287
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37
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Müller K, Kessel E, Klein PM, Höhn M, Wagner E. Post-PEGylation of siRNA Lipo-oligoamino Amide Polyplexes Using Tetra-glutamylated Folic Acid as Ligand for Receptor-Targeted Delivery. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2332-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Müller
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Kessel
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich, Schellingstrasse 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp M. Klein
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich, Schellingstrasse 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany
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38
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Sarett SM, Werfel TA, Chandra I, Jackson MA, Kavanaugh TE, Hattaway ME, Giorgio TD, Duvall CL. Hydrophobic interactions between polymeric carrier and palmitic acid-conjugated siRNA improve PEGylated polyplex stability and enhance in vivo pharmacokinetics and tumor gene silencing. Biomaterials 2016; 97:122-32. [PMID: 27163624 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Formation of stable, long-circulating siRNA polyplexes is a significant challenge in translation of intravenously-delivered, polymeric RNAi cancer therapies. Here, we report that siRNA hydrophobization through conjugation to palmitic acid (siPA) improves stability, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and tumor gene silencing of PEGylated nanopolyplexes (siPA-NPs) with balanced cationic and hydrophobic content in the core relative to the analogous polyplexes formed with unmodified siRNA, si-NPs. Hydrophobized siPA loaded into the NPs at a lower charge ratio (N(+):P(-)) relative to unmodified siRNA, and siPA-NPs had superior resistance to siRNA cargo unpackaging in comparison to si-NPs upon exposure to the competing polyanion heparin and serum. In vitro, siPA-NPs increased uptake in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (100% positive cells vs. 60% positive cells) but exhibited equivalent silencing of the model gene luciferase relative to si-NPs. In vivo in a murine model, the circulation half-life of intravenously-injected siPA-NPs was double that of si-NPs, resulting in a >2-fold increase in siRNA biodistribution to orthotopic MDA-MB-231 mammary tumors. The increased circulation half-life of siPA-NPs was dependent upon the hydrophobic interactions of the siRNA and the NP core component and not just siRNA hydrophobization, as siPA did not contribute to improved circulation time relative to unmodified siRNA when delivered using polyplexes with a fully cationic core. Intravenous delivery of siPA-NPs also achieved significant silencing of the model gene luciferase in vivo (∼40% at 24 h after one treatment and ∼60% at 48 h after two treatments) in the murine MDA-MB-231 tumor model, while si-NPs only produced a significant silencing effect after two treatments. These data suggest that stabilization of PEGylated siRNA polyplexes through a combination of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between siRNA cargo and the polymeric carrier improves in vivo pharmacokinetics and tumor gene silencing relative to conventional formulations that are stabilized solely by electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Sarett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Irene Chandra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith A Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Taylor E Kavanaugh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Madison E Hattaway
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Todd D Giorgio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Kavanaugh TE, Werfel TA, Cho H, Hasty KA, Duvall CL. Particle-based technologies for osteoarthritis detection and therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2016; 6:132-47. [PMID: 25990835 PMCID: PMC4654703 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-015-0234-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by degradation of joints with the development of painful osteophytes in the surrounding tissues. Currently, there are a limited number of treatments for this disease, and many of these only provide temporary, palliative relief. In this review, we discuss particle-based drug delivery systems that can provide targeted and sustained delivery of imaging and therapeutic agents to OA-affected sites. We focus on technologies such as polymeric micelles and nano-/microparticles, liposomes, and dendrimers for their potential treatment and/or diagnosis of OA. Several promising studies are highlighted, motivating the continued development of delivery technologies to improve treatments for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor E Kavanaugh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hongsik Cho
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Karen A Hasty
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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40
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Chen Z, Zhang T, Wu B, Zhang X. Insights into the therapeutic potential of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α small interfering RNA in malignant melanoma delivered via folate-decorated cationic liposomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:991-1002. [PMID: 27042054 PMCID: PMC4795592 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) represents the most dangerous form of skin cancer, and its incidence is expected to rise in the coming time. However, therapy for MM is limited by low topical drug concentration and multidrug resistance. This article aimed to develop folate-decorated cationic liposomes (fc-LPs) for hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) small interfering (siRNA) delivery, and to evaluate the potential of such siRNA/liposome complexes in MM therapy. HIF-1α siRNA-loaded fc-LPs (siRNA-fc-LPs) were prepared by a film hydration method followed by siRNA incubation. Folate decoration of liposomes was achieved by incorporation of folate/oleic acid-diacylated oligochitosans. The resulting siRNA-fc-LPs were 95.3 nm in size with a ζ potential of 2.41 mV. The liposomal vectors exhibited excellent loading capacity and protective effect toward siRNA. The in vitro cell transfection efficiency was almost parallel to the commercially available Lipofectamine™ 2000. Moreover, the anti-melanoma activity of HIF-1α siRNA was significantly enhanced through fc-LPs. Western blot analysis and apoptosis test demonstrated that siRNA-fc-LPs substantially reduced the production of HIF-1α-associated protein and induced the apoptosis of hypoxia-tolerant melanoma cells. Our designed liposomal vectors might be applicable as siRNA delivery vehicle to systemically or topically treat MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjian Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Jinan University, Gangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianpeng Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Gangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Gangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Gangzhou, People's Republic of China
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41
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Werfel TA, Swain C, Nelson CE, Kilchrist KV, Evans BC, Miteva M, Duvall CL. Hydrolytic charge-reversal of PEGylated polyplexes enhances intracellular un-packaging and activity of siRNA. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:917-27. [PMID: 26691570 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolytically degrading nano-polyplexes (HDG-NPs) that reverse charge through conversion of tertiary amines to carboxylic acids were investigated to improve intracellular un-packaging of siRNA and target gene silencing compared to a non-degradable analog (non-HDG-NPs). Both NP types comprised reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) synthesized diblock copolymers of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) corona-forming block and a cationic block for nucleic acid packaging that incorporated butyl methacrylate (BMA) and either dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA, non-HDG-NPs) or dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (DMAEA, HDG-NPs). HDG-NPs decreased significantly in size and released significantly more siRNA (∼40%) than non-HDG-NPs after 24 h in aqueous solution. While both HDG-NPs and non-HDG-NPs had comparable uptake and cytotoxicity up to 150 nM siRNA doses, HDG-NPs achieved significantly higher target gene silencing of the model gene luciferase in vitro. High resolution FRET confocal microscopy was used to monitor the intracellular un-packaging of siRNA. Non-HDG-NPs had significantly higher FRET efficiency than HDG-NPs, indicating that siRNA delivered from HDG-NPs was more fully un-packaged and therefore had improved intracellular bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Corban Swain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Christopher E Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Kameron V Kilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Brian C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Martina Miteva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
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Sarett SM, Nelson CE, Duvall CL. Technologies for controlled, local delivery of siRNA. J Control Release 2015; 218:94-113. [PMID: 26476177 PMCID: PMC4665980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of RNAi in the late 1990s unlocked a new realm of therapeutic possibilities by enabling potent and specific silencing of theoretically any desired genetic target. Better elucidation of the mechanism of action, the impact of chemical modifications that stabilize and reduce nonspecific effects of siRNA molecules, and the key design considerations for effective delivery systems has spurred progress toward developing clinically-successful siRNA therapies. A logical aim for initial siRNA translation is local therapies, as delivering siRNA directly to its site of action helps to ensure that a sufficient dose reaches the target tissue, lessens the potential for off-target side effects, and circumvents the substantial systemic delivery barriers. While locally injected or topically applied siRNA has progressed into numerous clinical trials, an enormous opportunity exists to develop sustained-release, local delivery systems that enable both spatial and temporal control of gene silencing. This review focuses on material platforms that establish both localized and controlled gene silencing, with emphasis on the systems that show most promise for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Sarett
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States
| | | | - Craig L Duvall
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States.
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Sarett SM, Kilchrist KV, Miteva M, Duvall CL. Conjugation of palmitic acid improves potency and longevity of siRNA delivered via endosomolytic polymer nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3107-16. [PMID: 25641816 PMCID: PMC4520743 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical translation of siRNA therapeutics has been limited by the inability to effectively overcome the rigorous delivery barriers associated with intracellular-acting biologics. Here, to address both potency and longevity of siRNA gene silencing, pH-responsive micellar nanoparticle (NP) carriers loaded with siRNA conjugated to palmitic acid (siRNA-PA) were investigated as a combined approach to improve siRNA endosomal escape and stability. Conjugation to hydrophobic PA improved NP loading efficiency relative to unmodified siRNA, enabling complete packaging of siRNA-PA at a lower polymer:siRNA ratio. PA conjugation also increased intracellular uptake of the nucleic acid cargo by 35-fold and produced a 3.1-fold increase in intracellular half-life. The higher uptake and improved retention of siRNA-PA NPs correlated to a 2- and 11-fold decrease in gene silencing IC50 in comparison to siRNA NPs in fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells, respectively, for both the model gene luciferase and the therapeutically relevant gene prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) . PA conjugation also significantly increased longevity of silencing activity following a single treatment in fibroblasts. Thus, conjugation of PA to siRNA paired with endosomolytic NPs is a promising approach to enhance the functional efficacy of siRNA in tissue regenerative and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martina Miteva
- Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Evans BC, Hocking KM, Kilchrist KV, Wise ES, Brophy CM, Duvall CL. Endosomolytic Nano-Polyplex Platform Technology for Cytosolic Peptide Delivery To Inhibit Pathological Vasoconstriction. ACS NANO 2015; 9:5893-907. [PMID: 26004140 PMCID: PMC4482421 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A platform technology has been developed and tested for delivery of intracellular-acting peptides through electrostatically complexed nanoparticles, or nano-polyplexes, formulated from an anionic endosomolytic polymer and cationic therapeutic peptides. This delivery platform has been initially tested and optimized for delivery of two unique vasoactive peptides, a phosphomimetic of heat shock protein 20 and an inhibitor of MAPKAP kinase II, to prevent pathological vasoconstriction (i.e., vasospasm) in human vascular tissue. These peptides inhibit vasoconstriction and promote vasorelaxation by modulating actin dynamics in vascular smooth muscle cells. Formulating these peptides into nano-polyplexes significantly enhances peptide uptake and retention, facilitates cytosolic delivery through a pH-dependent endosomal escape mechanism, and enhances peptide bioactivity in vitro as measured by inhibition of F-actin stress fiber formation. In comparison to treatment with the free peptides, which were endowed with cell-penetrating sequences, the nano-polyplexes significantly increased vasorelaxation, inhibited vasoconstriction, and decreased F-actin formation in the human saphenous vein ex vivo. These results suggest that these formulations have significant potential for treatment of conditions such as cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Furthermore, because many therapeutic peptides include cationic cell-penetrating segments, this simple and modular platform technology may have broad applicability as a cost-effective approach for enhancing the efficacy of cytosolically active peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C. Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, PMB 351826, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Kyle M. Hocking
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, PMB 351826, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Kameron V. Kilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, PMB 351826, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Eric S. Wise
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, D-5237 Medical Center North, 1161 22nd Avenue South, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M. Brophy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, D-5237 Medical Center North, 1161 22nd Avenue South, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, 1310 24th Avenue South, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| | - Craig L. Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, PMB 351826, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Design of hemocompatible poly(DMAEMA-co-PEGMA) hydrogels for controlled release of insulin. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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46
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Horev B, Klein MI, Hwang G, Li Y, Kim D, Koo H, Benoit DS. pH-activated nanoparticles for controlled topical delivery of farnesol to disrupt oral biofilm virulence. ACS NANO 2015; 9:2390-404. [PMID: 25661192 PMCID: PMC4395463 DOI: 10.1021/nn507170s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Development of effective therapies to control oral biofilms is challenging, as topically introduced agents must avoid rapid clearance from biofilm-tooth interfaces while targeting biofilm microenvironments. Additionally, exopolysaccharides-matrix and acidification of biofilm microenvironments are associated with cariogenic (caries-producing) biofilm virulence. Thus, nanoparticle carriers capable of binding to hydroxyapatite (HA), saliva-coated HA (sHA), and exopolysaccharides with enhanced drug release at acidic pH were developed. Nanoparticles are formed from diblock copolymers composed of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), butyl methacrylate (BMA), and 2-propylacrylic acid (PAA) (p(DMAEMA)-b-p(DMAEMA-co-BMA-co-PAA)) that self-assemble into ∼21 nm cationic nanoparticles. Nanoparticles exhibit outstanding adsorption affinities (∼244 L-mmol(-1)) to negatively charged HA, sHA, and exopolysaccharide-coated sHA due to strong electrostatic interactions via multivalent tertiary amines of p(DMAEMA). Owing to hydrophobic cores, nanoparticles load farnesol, a hydrophobic antibacterial drug, at ∼22 wt %. Farnesol release is pH-dependent with t1/2 = 7 and 15 h for release at pH 4.5 and 7.2, as nanoparticles undergo core destabilization at acidic pH, characteristic of cariogenic biofilm microenvironments. Importantly, topical applications of farnesol-loaded nanoparticles disrupted Streptococcus mutans biofilms 4-fold more effectively than free farnesol. Mechanical stability of biofilms treated with drug-loaded nanoparticles was compromised, resulting in >2-fold enhancement in biofilm removal under shear stress compared to free farnesol and controls. Farnesol-loaded nanoparticles effectively attenuated biofilm virulence in vivo using a clinically relevant topical treatment regimen (2×/day) in a rodent dental caries disease model. Strikingly, treatment with farnesol-loaded nanoparticles reduced both the number and severity of carious lesions, while free farnesol had no effect. Nanoparticle carriers have great potential to enhance the efficacy of antibiofilm agents through multitargeted binding and pH-responsive drug release due to microenvironmental triggers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Horev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, NY 14627, United States
| | - Marlise I. Klein
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester, NY 14627, United States
| | - Geelsu Hwang
- Biofilm Research Lab, Levy Center for Oral Health, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Biofilm Research Lab, Levy Center for Oral Health, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, United States
| | - Dongyeop Kim
- Biofilm Research Lab, Levy Center for Oral Health, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, United States
| | - Hyun Koo
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester, NY 14627, United States
- Biofilm Research Lab, Levy Center for Oral Health, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, United States
- Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, United States
- Address correspondence to: ;
| | - Danielle S.W. Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, NY 14627, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, NY 14627, United States
- Center of Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, NY 14627, United States
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Qian J, Berkland C. pH-sensitive triblock copolymers for efficient siRNA encapsulation and delivery. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00219b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A pH-sensitive triblock copolymer was synthesized for efficient siRNA encapsulation by double emulsion and the formed nanocapsules showed successful delivery of siRNA in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- The University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
| | - Cory Berkland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- The University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
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