1
|
Gandu B, Palanivel S, Juntupally S, Arelli V, Begum S, Anupoju GR. Removal of NH 3 and H 2S from odor causing tannery emissions using biological filters: Impact of operational strategy on the performance of a pilot-scale bio-filter. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2021; 56:625-634. [PMID: 33780312 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2021.1903283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deodorization of gases emitted from Tanneries using eco-friendly and cost-effective approaches is necessary for the safe disposal of industrial emissions. There is limited research available on the treatment of odorous gases emitted from tanneries using bio-filter. In this endeavor, pilot-scale studies were performed in a 2.7 m3 bio-filter with synthetic gas mixture containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) as input gas to study the impact of bedding material for the removal of H2S and NH3 using bio-filter and identification of various design parameters for scale-up. The pilot-scale studies showed that the removal efficacy of both NH3 and H2S was about 90-99% at an empty bed residence time of 55 seconds at an inlet concentration (NH3 and H2S) of 200 to 210 ppmV and microbial count enhanced from 3.5 × 103 to 8.9 × 109 in 210 days. The microbial biodiversity analysis revealed the dominance of proteobacteriaas as well as Firmicutes and Acinetobacter. A full-scale bio-filter (13.75 m3) was designed, installed, and commissioned in a tannery and observed that the removal efficiency of >99% since last three years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Gandu
- Bio Engineering and Environmental Sciences group, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Department of Environmental studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Saravanan Palanivel
- Leather Processing Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, TamilNadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sudharshan Juntupally
- Bio Engineering and Environmental Sciences group, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Arelli
- Bio Engineering and Environmental Sciences group, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sameena Begum
- Bio Engineering and Environmental Sciences group, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gangagni Rao Anupoju
- Bio Engineering and Environmental Sciences group, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang N, Wang C, Han MF, Li YF, Hsi HC. Performance improvement of a biofilter by using gel-encapsulated microorganisms assembled in a 3D mesh material. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126618. [PMID: 32443246 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanyang Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China.
| | - Meng-Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China
| | - Yun-Fei Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China
| | - Hsing-Cheng Hsi
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 71, Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang Q, Zhuang H, Lu M, Wang Q, Attalage D, Hsu SC, Chen WH, Xing D, Lee PH. Multi-agent simulation regulated by microbe-oriented thermodynamics and kinetics equations for exploiting interspecies dynamics and evolution between methanogenesis, sulfidogenesis, hydrogenesis and exoelectrogenesis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 366:573-581. [PMID: 30572297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multi-agent simulation (MAS) regulated by microbe-oriented thermodynamics and kinetics equations were performed for exploiting the interspecies dynamics and evolution in anaerobic respiration and bioelectrochemical systems. A newly-defined kinetically thermodynamic parameter is recognized microbes as agents in various conditions, including electron donors and acceptors, temperature, pH, etc. For verification of the MAS, the treatment of synthetic wastewater containing glucose and acetate was evaluated in four 25°C laboratory-scale reactors with different electron acceptors and cathode materials that had potential for methanogenesis, hydrogenesis, sulfidogenesis and exoelectrogenesis. Within 1000 h operation, the reactors performance and microbial structures using 16S rRNA sequencing matched with the MAS, suggesting acetoclastic exoelectrogenesis predominance (Geobacter). After 2400 h, MAS observed the co-existence of acetoclastic methanogenesis and acetoclastic and propionate exoelectrogenesis, as was reported previously. Such microbial evolution from the short-term to long-term operation likely resulted from the glucose-driven propionate. The MAS developed is applicable in a wide range of complex engineering and natural ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liang
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2614, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China; Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Office ZS919, Phase 8 Development, Hong Kong
| | - Huichuan Zhuang
- Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Office ZS919, Phase 8 Development, Hong Kong
| | - Miaojia Lu
- Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Office ZS919, Phase 8 Development, Hong Kong
| | - Qian Wang
- Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Office ZS919, Phase 8 Development, Hong Kong
| | - Dinu Attalage
- Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Office ZS919, Phase 8 Development, Hong Kong
| | - Shu-Chien Hsu
- Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Office ZS919, Phase 8 Development, Hong Kong
| | - Wen-Hsing Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan
| | - Defeng Xing
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2614, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China.
| | - Po-Heng Lee
- Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Office ZS919, Phase 8 Development, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hou N, Xia Y, Wang X, Liu H, Liu H, Xun L. H 2S biotreatment with sulfide-oxidizing heterotrophic bacteria. Biodegradation 2018; 29:511-524. [PMID: 30141069 PMCID: PMC6245092 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many industrial activities produce H2S, which is toxic at high levels and odorous at even very low levels. Chemolithotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are often used in its remediation. Recently, we have reported that many heterotrophic bacteria can use sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase and persulfide dioxygenase to oxidize H2S to thiosulfate and sulfite. These bacteria may also potentially be used in H2S biotreatment. Here we report how various heterotrophic bacteria with these enzymes were cultured with organic compounds and the cells were able to rapidly oxidize H2S to zero-valence sulfur and thiosulfate, causing no apparent acidification. Some also converted the produced thiosulfate to tetrathionate. The rates of sulfide oxidation by some of the tested bacteria in suspension, ranging from 8 to 50 µmol min−1 g−1 of cell dry weight at pH 7.4, sufficient for H2S biotreatment. The immobilized bacteria removed H2S as efficiently as the bacteria in suspension, and the inclusion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles during immobilization resulted in increased efficiency for sulfide removal, in part due to chemical oxidation H2S by Fe3O4. Thus, heterotrophic bacteria may be used for H2S biotreatment under aerobic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningke Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun Y, Xue S, Li L, Ding W, Liu J, Han Y. Sulfur dioxide and o-xylene co-treatment in biofilter: Performance, bacterial populations and bioaerosols emissions. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 69:41-51. [PMID: 29941267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and benzene homologs are frequently present in the off-gas during the process of sewage sludge drying. A laboratory scale biofilter was set up to co-treat SO2 and o-xylene in the present study. SO2 and o-xylene could be removed simultaneously in a single biofilter. Their concentration ratio in the inlet stream influenced the removal efficiencies. It is worth noting that the removal of SO2 could be enhanced when low concentrations of o-xylene were introduced into the biofilter. Pseudomonas sp., Paenibacillus sp., and Bacillus sp. were the main functional bacteria groups in the biofilter. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and o-xylene-degrading bacteria (XB) thrived in the biofilter and their counts as well as their growth rate increased with the increase in amount of SO2 and o-xylene supplied. The microbial populations differed in counts and species due to the properties and components of the compounds being treated in the biofilter. The presence of mixed substrates enhanced the diversity of the microbial population. During the treatment process, bioaerosols including potentially pathogenic bacteria, e.g., Acinetobacter lwoffii and Aeromonas sp., were emitted from the biofilter. Further investigation is needed to focus on the potential hazards caused by the bioaerosols emitted from waste gas treatment bioreactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Sun
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; National Engineering Research Center for Urban Water & Wastewater, Tianjin 300074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Song Xue
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wenjie Ding
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junxin Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunping Han
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Characterization of an autotrophic bioreactor microbial consortium degrading thiocyanate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5889-5901. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
7
|
Nguyen TA, Fu CC, Juang RS. Biosorption and biodegradation of a sulfur dye in high-strength dyeing wastewater by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 182:265-271. [PMID: 27486930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of the bacterial strain Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans to remove sulfur blue 15 (SB15) dye from water samples was examined. This bacterium could not only oxidize sulfur compounds to sulfuric acid but also promote the attachment of the cells to the surface of sulfidic particles, therefore serving as an efficient biosorbent. The biosorption isotherms were better described by the Langmuir equation than by the Freundlich or Dubinin-Radushkevich equation. Also, the biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. At pH 8.3 and SB15 concentrations up to 2000 mg L(-1) in the biomass/mineral salt solution, the dye removal and decolorization were 87.5% and 91.4%, respectively, following the biosorption process. Biodegradation was proposed as a subsequent process for the remaining dye (250-350 mg L(-1)). A central composite design was used to analyze independent variables in the response surface methodology study. Under the optimal conditions (i.e., initial dye concentration of 300 mg L(-1), initial biomass concentration of 1.0 g L(-1), initial pH of 11.7, and yeast extract dose of 60 mg L(-1)), up to 50% of SB15 was removed after 4 days of biodegradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thai Anh Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical & Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Viet Nam
| | - Chun-Chieh Fu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Shin Juang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gerrity S, Kennelly C, Clifford E, Collins G. Hydrogen sulfide oxidation in novel Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors dominated by an Acidithiobacillus and a Thiobacillus species. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:2252-2264. [PMID: 26829048 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1147609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is an odourous, highly toxic gas commonly encountered in various commercial and municipal sectors. Three novel, laboratory-scale, Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors (HFBRs) were tested for the removal of H2S gas from air streams over a 178-day trial at 10°C. Removal rates of up to 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1) were achieved, demonstrating the HFBRs as a feasible technology for the treatment of H2S-contaminated airstreams at low temperatures. Bio-oxidation of H2S in the reactors led to the production of H(+) and sulfate (SO(2-)4) ions, resulting in the acidification of the liquid phase. Reduced removal efficiency was observed at loading rates of 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1). NaHCO3 addition to the liquid nutrient feed (synthetic wastewater (SWW)) resulted in improved H2S removal. Bacterial diversity, which was investigated by sequencing and fingerprinting 16S rRNA genes, was low, likely due to the harsh conditions prevailing in the systems. The HFBRs were dominated by two species from the genus Acidithiobacillus and Thiobacillus. Nonetheless, there were significant differences in microbial community structure between distinct HFBR zones due to the influence of alkalinity, pH and SO4 concentrations. Despite the low temperature, this study indicates HFBRs have an excellent potential to biologically treat H2S-contaminated airstreams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Gerrity
- a Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - C Kennelly
- b Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - E Clifford
- b Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- c Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - G Collins
- a Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- c Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- d School of Engineering , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Doungprasopsuk W, Suwanvitaya P. Hydrogen sulfide removal by bacteria from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.15.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the biological removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from biogas by anaerobic wastewater treatment processes. Heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria were isolated from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)-mixed liquor of fruit processing factory using nutrient broth and thiosulfate mineral salt medium, respectively. Hydrogen sulfide-removal activities were investigated using sterile UASB-mixed liquor and hydrogen sulfide as growth substrates. It was found that the growth rate of autotrophic bacteria (319 mg VSS l−1 day−1) was higher than that of the heterotrophic bacteria (267 mg VSS l−1 day−1). Hydrogen sulfide(g) was totally removed by absorption into liquid phase: 78·24% removal of aqueous sulfide (S2−(aq)) was achieved by autotrophs and 68·03% by heterotrophs. Molecular identification by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique and DNA sequencing showed that heterotrophic consortium consisted of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1, P. aeruginosa PAO1, P. putida KT2440, Bacillus megaterium DSM319 and B. cereus ATCC14579. Autotrophic consortium consisted of Thiobacillus thioparus NZ, T. denitrificans ATCC25259 and Halothiobacillus neapolitanus c2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walailuk Doungprasopsuk
- Doctoral Student, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Suwanvitaya
- Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bromochloromethane, a Methane Analogue, Affects the Microbiota and Metabolic Profiles of the Rat Gastrointestinal Tract. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 82:778-87. [PMID: 26567308 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03174-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bromochloromethane (BCM), an inhibitor of methanogenesis, has been used in animal production. However, little is known about its impact on the intestinal microbiota and metabolic patterns. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of BCM on the colonic bacterial community and metabolism by establishing a Wistar rat model. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (control and treated with BCM) and raised for 6 weeks. Bacterial fermentation products in the cecum were determined, and colonic methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were quantified. The colonic microbiota was analyzed by pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA genes, and metabolites were profiled by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results showed that BCM did not affect body weight and feed intake, but it did significantly change the intestinal metabolic profiles. Cecal protein fermentation was enhanced by BCM, as methylamine, putrescine, phenylethylamine, tyramine, and skatole were significantly increased. Colonic fatty acid and carbohydrate concentrations were significantly decreased, indicating the perturbation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism by BCM. BCM treatment decreased the abundance of methanogen populations, while SRB were increased in the colon. BCM did not affect the total colonic bacterial counts but significantly altered the bacterial community composition by decreasing the abundance of actinobacteria, acidobacteria, and proteobacteria. The results demonstrated that BCM treatment significantly altered the microbiotic and metabolite profiles in the intestines, which may provide further information on the use of BCM in animal production.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li L, Zhang J, Lin J, Liu J. Biological technologies for the removal of sulfur containing compounds from waste streams: bioreactors and microbial characteristics. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1501-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
12
|
S. KD, H. NT, B. CB, R. RM. Sulphur oxidising bacteria in mangrove ecosystem: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2013.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
13
|
Lim KH. Semi-pilot Scaled Biofilter Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Containing Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia: 2. Performance of Biofilter Packed with Media Inoculated with a Consortium of Separated Microbes. KOREAN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.9713/kcer.2014.52.2.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
14
|
Lee EJ, Lim KH. Semi-pilot Scaled Hybrid Process Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air: Performance of Hybrid System Composed of Biofilter Packed with Media Inoculated with Thiobacillus sp. IW and Return-sludge and Photocatalytic Reactor. KOREAN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.9713/kcer.2014.52.2.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
15
|
Back propagation neural network model for predicting the performance of immobilized cell biofilters handling gas-phase hydrogen sulphide and ammonia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:463401. [PMID: 24307999 PMCID: PMC3838849 DOI: 10.1155/2013/463401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lab scale studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of two simultaneously operated immobilized cell biofilters (ICBs) for removing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) from gas phase. The removal efficiencies (REs) of the biofilter treating H2S varied from 50 to 100% at inlet loading rates (ILRs) varying up to 13 g H2S/m3·h, while the NH3 biofilter showed REs ranging from 60 to 100% at ILRs varying between 0.5 and 5.5 g NH3/m3·h. An application of the back propagation neural network (BPNN) to predict the performance parameter, namely, RE (%) using this experimental data is presented in this paper. The input parameters to the network were unit flow (per min) and inlet concentrations (ppmv), respectively. The accuracy of BPNN-based model predictions were evaluated by providing the trained network topology with a test dataset and also by calculating the regression coefficient (R2) values. The results from this predictive modeling work showed that BPNNs were able to predict the RE of both the ICBs efficiently.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li L, Han Y, Yan X, Liu J. H2S removal and bacterial structure along a full-scale biofilter bed packed with polyurethane foam in a landfill site. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 147:52-58. [PMID: 23989036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide accumulated under a cover film in a landfill site was treated for 7 months by a full-scale biofilter packed with polyurethane foam cubes. Sampling ports were set along the biofilter bed to investigate H2S removal and microbial characteristics in the biofilter. The H2S was removed effectively by the biofilter, and over 90% removal efficiency was achieved in steady state. Average elimination capacity of H2S was 2.21 g m(-3) h(-1) in lower part (LPB) and 0.41 g m(-3) h(-1) in upper part (UPB) of the biofilter. Most H2S was eliminated in LPB. H2S concentration varied along the polyurethane foam packed bed, the structure of the bacterial communities showed spatial variation in the biofilter, and H2S removal as well as products distribution changed accordingly. The introduction of odorants into the biofilter shifted the distribution of the existing microbial populations toward a specific culture that could metabolize the target odors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yunping Han
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Xu Yan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Junxin Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee EJ, Park H, Lim KH. Semi-pilot Scaled Biofilter Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Containing Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia: 1. Performance of Biofilter Packed with Media with Immobilized Thiobacillus sp. IW and Return-sludge. KOREAN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.9713/kcer.2013.51.5.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
18
|
Kim JK, Kim SS, Hong SC, Lee ED, Kang Y. Decomposotion of EtOH and Oxidation of H 2S by using UV/Photocatalysis System. KOREAN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.9713/kcer.2013.51.3.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
19
|
Lee EJ, Lim KH. Treatment of Malodorous Waste Air Containing Ammonia Using Hybrid System Composed of Photocatalytic Reactor and Biofilter. KOREAN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.9713/kcer.2013.51.2.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Kang JW, Jeong CM, Kim NJ, Kim MI, Chang HN. On-site removal of H2S from biogas produced by food waste using an aerobic sludge biofilter for steam reforming processing. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-009-0134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
21
|
Nisola GM, Tuuguu E, Farnazo DMD, Han M, Kim Y, Cho E, Chung WJ. Hydrogen sulfide degradation characteristics of Bordetella sp. Sulf-8 in a biotrickling filter. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 33:1131-8. [PMID: 20535619 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The applicability of Bordetella sp. Sulf-8 to degrade Hydrogen Sulfide (H(2)S) gas in a biotrickling system was investigated. The isolate is a heterotrophic gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium which can metabolize thiosulfate or sulfide into sulfate. The mesophilic Bordetella sp. Sulf-8 can grow within a wide pH range using yeast as carbon source, with or without the presence of sulfur. In batch experiments, kinetic constants such as maximum specific growth rate (μ (max) = 0.12 1/h), saturation constant (K (S) = 0.017 g/L), and specific sulfur removal rate (88 mg S/g cells h) were obtained. In biotrickling experiments removal efficiencies were satisfactory, but the system performance was observed to be more influenced by empty bed residence time than by H(2)S feed gas concentration. Critical and maximum elimination capacities were 78.0 and 94.5 g H(2)S/m(3) day, respectively. Macrokinetic analysis of the biotrickling system revealed maximum H(2)S removal rate V (max) = 15.97 g S/kg media-day and half saturation constant K (S') = 12.45 ppm(v).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace M Nisola
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Energy and Environment Fusion Technology Center (E2FTC), Myongji University, San 38-2 Namdong, Cheoingu, Yongin City, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang CM, Luan XS, Xiao M, Song J, Lu L, Xiao X. Catalytic removal of sulfide by an immobilized sulfide-oxidase bioreactor. Enzyme Microb Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
23
|
Rattanapan C, Boonsawang P, Kantachote D. Removal of H2S in down-flow GAC biofiltration using sulfide oxidizing bacteria from concentrated latex wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:125-130. [PMID: 18619836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A biofiltration system with sulfur oxidizing bacteria immobilized on granular activated carbon (GAC) as packing materials had a good potential when used to eliminate H(2)S. The sulfur oxidizing bacteria were stimulated from concentrated latex wastewater with sulfur supplement under aerobic condition. Afterward, it was immobilized on GAC to test the performance of cell-immobilized GAC biofilter. In this study, the effect of inlet H(2)S concentration, H(2)S gas flow rate, air gas flow rate and long-term operation on the H(2)S removal efficiency was investigated. In addition, the comparative performance of sulfide oxidizing bacterium immobilized on GAC (biofilter A) and GAC without cell immobilization (biofilter B) systems was studied. It was found that the efficiency of the H(2)S removal was more than 98% even at high concentrations (200-4000 ppm) and the maximum elimination capacity was about 125 g H(2)S/m(3)of GAC/h in the biofilter A. However, the H(2)S flow rate of 15-35 l/h into both biofilters had little influence on the efficiency of H(2)S removal. Moreover, an air flow rate of 5.86 l/h gave complete removal of H(2)S (100%) in biofilter A. During the long-term operation, the complete H(2)S removal was achieved after 3-days operation in biofilter A and remained stable up to 60-days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheerawit Rattanapan
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Park B, Hwang G, Haam S, Lee C, Ahn IS, Lee K. Absorption of a volatile organic compound by a jet loop reactor with circulation of a surfactant solution: performance evaluation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2008; 153:735-741. [PMID: 17936501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Revised: 09/04/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Biofiltration shows high efficiency for the removal of industrial waste gases and reliable operational stability at low investment and operating cost, especially when the VOC concentration is low, such as 100 ppmv (micro LL(-1)) or less. However, it has been reported that the abrupt change in VOC concentrations leads to the failure of the biofilter. Hence, the pretreatment of waste gases is necessary to ensure the stable operation of the biofilter. The objective of this study is to develop a jet loop reactor (JLR) with circulation of a surfactant solution to lower the concentration of VOCs, especially hydrophobic VOCs. Toluene and Tween 81 were used as a model industrial waste gas and a surfactant, respectively. Among several non-ionic surfactants tested, Tween 81 showed the most rapid dissolution of toluene. When a JLR is replaced with fresh Tween 81 solution (0.3% w/v) every hour, it successfully absorbed for 48 h over 90% of the toluene in an inlet gas containing toluene at 1000 ppmv (microL L(-1)) or less. Therefore, JLR with circulation of a surfactant solution is believed to ensure the stable operation of the biofilter even with the unexpected increase in the VOC concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byungjoon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lim KH, Park SW. Transient behavior of biofilter inoculated with Thiobacillus sp. IW to treat waste-air containing hydrogen sulfide. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-006-0016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
26
|
Lee EY, Lee NY, Cho KS, Ryu HW. Removal of hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-resistant Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans AZ11. J Biosci Bioeng 2006; 101:309-14. [PMID: 16716938 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.101.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2005] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Toxic H2S gas is an important industrial pollutant that is applied to biofiltration. Here, we examined the effects of factors such as inlet concentration and space velocity on the removal efficiency of a bacterial strain capable of tolerating high sulfate concentrations and low pH conditions. We examined three strains of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans known to have sulfur-oxidizing activity, and identified strain AZ11 as having the highest tolerance for sulfate. A. thiooxidans AZ11 could grow at pH 0.2 in the presence of 74 g l(-1) sulfate, the final oxidation product of elemental sulfur, in the culture broth. Under these conditions, the specific sulfur oxidation rate was 2.9 g-S g-DCW (dry cell weight)(-1) d(-1). The maximum specific sulfur oxidation rate of A. thiooxidans AZ11 was 21.2 g-S g-DCW(-1) d(-1), which was observed in the presence of 4.2 g-SO4(2-) l(-1) and pH 1.5, in the culture medium. To test the effects of various factors on biofiltration by this strain, A. thiooxidans AZ11 was inoculated into a porous ceramic biofilter. First, a maximum inlet loading of 670 g-S m(-3) h(-1) was applied with a constant space velocity (SV) of 200 h(-1) (residence time, 18 s) and the inlet concentration of H2S was experimentally increased from 200 ppmv to 2200 ppmv. Under these conditions, less than 0.1 ppmv H2S was detected at the biofilter outlet. When the inlet H2S was maintained at a constant concentration of 200 ppmv and the SV was increased from 200 h(-1) to 400 h(-1) (residence time, 9 s), an H2S removal of 99.9% was obtained. However, H2S removal efficiencies decreased to 98% and 94% when the SV was set to 500 h(-1) (residence time, 7.2 s) and 600 h(-1) (residence time, 6 s), respectively. The critical elimination capacity guaranteeing 96% removal of the inlet H2S was determined to be 160 g-S m(-3) h(-1) at a space velocity of 600 h(-1). Collectively, these findings show for the first time that a sulfur oxidizing bacterium has a high sulfate tolerance and a high sulfur oxidizing activity below pH 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Suwon, Suwon P.O. Box 77, Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sercu B, Boon N, Verstraete W, Van Langenhove H. H2S degradation is reflected by both the activity and composition of the microbial community in a compost biofilter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 72:1090-8. [PMID: 16575569 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2006] [Revised: 02/15/2006] [Accepted: 02/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 16S rRNA- and rDNA-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to study the temporal and spatial evolution of the microbial communities in a compost biofilter removing H(2)S and in a control biofilter without H(2)S loading. During the first 81 days of the experiment, the H(2)S removal efficiencies always exceeded 93% at loading rates between 4.1 and 30 g m(-3) h(-1). Afterwards, the H(2)S removal efficiency decreased to values between 44 and 71%. RNA-based DGGE analysis showed that H(2)S loading to the biofilter increased the stability of the active microbial community but decreased the activity-based diversity and evenness. The most intense band in both the RNA- and DNA-based DGGE patterns of the H(2)S-degrading biofilter represented the sulfur oxidizing bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus. This suggested that T. thioparus constituted a major part of the bacterial community and was an important primary degrader in the H(2)S-degrading biofilter. The decreasing H(2)S removal efficiencies near the end of the experiment were not accompanied by a substantial change of the DGGE patterns. Therefore, the decreased H(2)S removal was probably not caused by a failing microbiology but rather by a decrease of the mass transfer of substrates after agglutination of the compost particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bram Sercu
- Environmental Organic Chemistry & Technology Research Group (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Giro MEA, Garcia O, Zaiat M. Immobilized cells of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in PVC strands and sulfite removal in a pilot-scale bioreactor. Biochem Eng J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2005.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
29
|
Okabe S, Ito T, Sugita K, Satoh H. Succession of internal sulfur cycles and sulfur-oxidizing bacterial communities in microaerophilic wastewater biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71:2520-9. [PMID: 15870342 PMCID: PMC1087539 DOI: 10.1128/aem.71.5.2520-2529.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The succession of sulfur-oxidizing bacterial (SOB) community structure and the complex internal sulfur cycle occurring in wastewater biofilms growing under microaerophilic conditions was analyzed by using a polyphasic approach that employed 16S rRNA gene-cloning analysis combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization, microelectrode measurements, and standard batch and reactor experiments. A complete sulfur cycle was established via S(0) accumulation within 80 days in the biofilms in replicate. This development was generally split into two phases, (i) a sulfur-accumulating phase and (ii) a sulfate-producing phase. In the first phase (until about 40 days), since the sulfide production rate (sulfate-reducing activity) exceeded the maximum sulfide-oxidizing capacity of SOB in the biofilms, H(2)S was only partially oxidized to S(0) by mainly Thiomicrospira denitirificans with NO(3)(-) as an electron acceptor, leading to significant accumulation of S(0) in the biofilms. In the second phase, the SOB populations developed further and diversified with time. In particular, S(0) accumulation promoted the growth of a novel strain, strain SO07, which predominantly carried out the oxidation of S(0) to SO(4)(2-) under oxic conditions, and Thiothrix sp. strain CT3. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that the dense populations of Thiothrix (ca. 10(9) cells cm(-3)) and strain SO07 (ca. 10(8) cells cm(-3)) were found at the sulfur-rich surface (100 microm), while the population of Thiomicrospira denitirificans was distributed throughout the biofilms with a density of ca. 10(7) to 10(8) cells cm(-3). Microelectrode measurements revealed that active sulfide-oxidizing zones overlapped the spatial distributions of different phylogenetic SOB groups in the biofilms. As a consequence, the sulfide-oxidizing capacities of the biofilms became high enough to completely oxidize all H(2)S produced by SRB to SO(4)(2-) in the second phase, indicating establishment of the complete sulfur cycle in the biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okabe
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sercu B, Núñez D, Van Langenhove H, Aroca G, Verstraete W. Operational and microbiological aspects of a bioaugmented two-stage biotrickling filter removing hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 90:259-69. [PMID: 15739171 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A two-stage biotrickling filter was developed for removing dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The first biotrickling filter (ABF) was inoculated with Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and operated without pH control, while the second biotrickling filter (HBF) was inoculated with Hyphomicrobium VS and operated at neutral pH. High DMS elimination capacities were observed in the HBF (8.2 g DMS m(-3) h(-1) at 90% removal efficiency) after 2 days. Maximal observed elimination capacities were 83 g H2S m(-3) h(-1) (100% removal efficiency) and 58 g DMS m(-3) h(-1) (88% removal efficiency) for the ABF and the HBF, respectively. The influence of a decreasing empty bed residence time (120 down to 30 sec) and the robustness of the HBF towards changing operational parameters (low pH, starvation, and DMS and H2S peak loadings) were investigated. Suboptimal operational conditions rapidly resulted in lower DMS removal efficiencies, but recovery of the HBF was mostly obtained within a few days. The H2S removal efficiency in the ABF, however, was not influenced by varying operational conditions. In both reactors, microbial community dynamics of the biofilm and the suspended bacteria were investigated, using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). After a period of gradual change, a stable microbial community was observed in the HBF after 60 days, although Hyphomicrobium VS was not the dominant microorganism. In contrast, the ABF biofilm community was stable from the first day and only a limited bacterial diversity was observed. The planktonic microbial community in the HBF was very different from that in the biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Sercu
- Department of Organic Chemistry (EnVOC), Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen XG, Geng AL, Yan R, Gould WD, Ng YL, Liang DT. Isolation and characterization of sulphur-oxidizing Thiomonas sp. and its potential application in biological deodorization. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005; 39:495-503. [PMID: 15548301 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2004.01615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To isolate and characterize a sulphur-oxidizing bacterial strain from activated sludge and to evaluate its potential application in biological deodorization. METHODS AND RESULTS A dominant sulphur-oxidizing bacterial strain, designated as strain SS, was isolated from an enrichment culture using thiosulphate as a sole energy source and CO2 as a sole carbon source. The cells of this organism were aerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-negative and motile. Strain SS could grow autotrophically, heterotrophically as well as mixotrophically. Autotrophic growth was observed at pH values ranging from 2.3 to 9.0. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that strain SS belonged to Group 1 of the genus Thiomonas, closely related to Thiomonas perometabolis and Thiomonas intermedia. The thiosulphate oxidation rates of strain SS at different pH values were evaluated in terms of oxygen uptake using a Micro-Oxymax respirometer. The results showed that the maximum oxidation rate of 5.65 mg l(-1) h(-1) occurred at 56 h of growth and pH 6.0. Continuous H2S removal study demonstrated that strain SS could remove more than 99% of H2S when the inlet concentration was below 58.6 ppm. Further increase of the inlet concentration to 118 ppm gave rise to a decline in the removal efficiency to ca 90%. CONCLUSIONS The strong acidification of the culture medium during the later period could result in the deterioration of the growth activity and the metabolism activity of strain SS. In practical application, the problems caused by the end-product inhibition and the acidification can be alleviated by periodical replacement of culture medium with fresh medium. Given the physiological flexibility and the ability to remove H2S rapidly and efficiently, strain SS could be a good 'deodorizing' candidate. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first time that Thiomonas species has been reported for biological deodorization application.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Betaproteobacteria/classification
- Betaproteobacteria/cytology
- Betaproteobacteria/genetics
- Betaproteobacteria/isolation & purification
- Betaproteobacteria/physiology
- Biodegradation, Environmental
- Carbon Dioxide/metabolism
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/isolation & purification
- Genes, rRNA
- Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci
- Hydrogen Sulfide/metabolism
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Movement
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Oxygen Consumption
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sewage/microbiology
- Sulfur/metabolism
- Thiosulfates/metabolism
- Water Microbiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X-G Chen
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jin Y, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Effects of pH, CO2, and flow pattern on the autotrophic degradation of hydrogen sulfide in a biotrickling filter. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 92:462-71. [PMID: 16025537 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of pH, CO(2), and flow pattern on the performance of a biotrickling filter (BTF) packed with plastic Pall rings and treating a H(2)S-polluted waste gas were investigated to establish the optimum operating conditions and design criteria. The CO(2) concentration had no effect on the biodegradation at H(2)S concentrations below 50 ppm. In the range of 50-127 ppm H(2)S, CO(2) concentrations between 865 and 1,087 ppm enhanced H(2)S removal, while higher concentrations of 1,309-4,009 ppm CO(2) slightly inhibited H(2)S removal. The co-current flow BTF presented the advantage of a more uniform H(2)S removal and biomass growth in each section than the counter-current flow BTF. Examination of the pH-effect in the range of pH 2.00-7.00 revealed optimal activity for autotrophs at pH 6.00. Under optimal conditions, the elimination capacity reached 31.12 g H(2)S/m(3)/h with a removal efficiency exceeding 97%. In the present research, autotrophic biomass was developed in the BTF, performing both a partial oxidization of H(2)S to elemental sulfur and a complete oxidization to sulfate, which is favorable from an environmental point of view. Results showed that around 60% of the sulfide concentration fed to the reactor was transformed into sulfate. Such autotrophic trickling filters may present other advantages, including the fact that they do not release any CO(2) to the atmosphere. Besides, the limited growth of autotrophs avoids potential clogging problems. Experimental performance data were compared with data from a mathematical model. Comparisons showed that the theoretical model was successful in predicting the performance of the biotrickling filter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaomin Jin
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Coruña, Rúa Alejandro de la Sota, 1, 15008 La Coruña, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lim KH, Park SW, Lee EJ, Hong SH. Treatment of mixed solvent vapors with hybrid system composed of biofilter and photo-catalytic reactor. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02701465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
34
|
The treatment of waste-air containing mixed solvent using a biofilter: 1. Transient behavior of biofilter to treat waste-air containing ethanol. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02719488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
35
|
Xiaobing L, Farooq S, Viswanathan S. Evaluation of a Novel Reactor−Biofilter System. Ind Eng Chem Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ie020284r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiaobing
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - S. Farooq
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Shekar Viswanathan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chung YC, Huang C, Tseng CP. Biological elimination of H2S and NH3 from wastegases by biofilter packed with immobilized heterotrophic bacteria. CHEMOSPHERE 2001; 43:1043-1050. [PMID: 11368219 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biotreatment of various ratios of H2S and NH3 gas mixtures was studied using the biofilters, packed with co-immobilized cells (Arthrobacter oxydans CH8 for NH3 and Pseudomonas putida CH11 for H2S). Extensive tests to determine removal characteristics, removal efficiency, removal kinetics, and pressure drops of the biofilters were performed. To estimate the largest allowable inlet concentration, a prediction model was also employed. Greater than 95%, and 90% removal efficiencies were observed for NH3 and H2S, respectively, irrespective of the ratios of H2S and NH3 gas mixtures. The results showed that H2S removal of the biofilter was significantly affected by high inlet concentrations of H2S and NH3. As high H2S concentration was an inhibitory substrate for the growth of heterotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, the activity of H2S oxidation was thus inhibited. In the case of high NH3 concentration, the poor H2S removal efficiency might be attributed to the acidification of the biofilter. The phenomenon was caused by acidic metabolite accumulation of NH3. Through kinetic analysis, the presence of NH3 did not hinder the NH3 removal, but a high H2S concentration would result in low removal efficiency. Conversely, H2S of adequate concentrations would favor the removal of incoming NH3. The results also indicated that maximum inlet concentrations (model-estimated) agreed well with the experimental values for space velocities of 50-150 h(-1). Hence, the results would be used as the guideline for the design and operation of biofilters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chung
- Science & Technology information Center, National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chung YC, Liu CH, Huang C. Feasibility of fluidized-bed bioreactor for remediating waste gas containing H2S or NH3. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2001; 36:509-520. [PMID: 11413835 DOI: 10.1081/ese-100103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida for H2S and Arthrobacter oxydans for NH3 were immobilized with Ca-alginate and packed inside glass columns to form fluidized-bed bioreactors. The feasibility of the lab-scale bioreactor for the treatment of H2S or NH3 was examined. Phosphate salt, being added to the nutrient solution as buffer solution, may chelate with Ca2+ in the Ca-alginate beads, resulting in the disintegration of gel structure. When the buffer capacity of the phosphate solution was over the critical point of 33.5 mM/pH, all calcium ions in the bead were released and beads were broken. Increasing liquid flowrate and inlet gas concentration favored to H2S and NH3 removal. Carbon source addition was essential and facilitated malodorous removal for this system. Removal capacity increased with inlet concentration. However, increasing pattern was dependent of H2S or NH3. The result clearly indicated that bioreactor was suitable to be applied for the industry of livestock farm for removing wastegas containing H2S or NH3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chung
- Science & Technology Information Center, National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan 10636, ROC.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chung YC, Huang C, Tseng CP, Pan JR. Biotreatment of H2S- and NH3-containing waste gases by co-immobilized cells biofilter. CHEMOSPHERE 2000; 41:329-336. [PMID: 11057594 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gas mixture of H2S and NH3 in this study has been the focus in the research area concerning gases generated from the animal husbandry and the anaerobic wastewater lagoons used for their treatment. A specific microflora (mixture of Thiobacillus thioparus CH11 for H2S and Nitrosomonas europaea for NH3) was immobilized with Ca-alginate and packed inside a glass column to decompose H2S and NH3. The biofilter packed with co-immobilized cells was continuously supplied with H2S and NH3 gas mixtures of various ratios, and the removal efficiency, removal kinetics, and pressure drop in the biofilter was monitored. The results showed that the efficiency remained above 95% regardless of the ratios of H2S and NH3 used. The NH3 concentration has little effect on H2S removal efficiency, however, both high NH3 and H2S concentrations significantly suppress the NH3 removal. Through product analysis, we found that controlling the inlet ratio of the H2S/NH3 could prevent the biofilter from acidification, and, therefore, enhance the operational stability. Conclusions from bioaerosol analysis and pressure drop in the biofilter suggest that the immobilized cell technique creates less environmental impact and improves pure culture operational stability. The criteria for the biofilter operation to meet the current H2S and NH3 emission standards were also established. To reach Taiwan's current ambient air standards of H2S and NH3 (0.1 and 1 ppm, respectively), the maximum inlet concentrations should not exceed 58 ppm for H2S and 164 ppm for NH3, and the residence time be kept at 72 s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chung
- Science and Technology Information Center, National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Characterization of sulfur oxidation by an autotrophic sulfur oxidizer,Thiobacillus sp. ASWW-2. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02932353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
40
|
Cho KS, Ryu HW, Lee NY. Biological deodorization of hydrogen sulfide using porous lava as a carrier of Thiobacillus thiooxidans. J Biosci Bioeng 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(00)80029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
41
|
Oh KJ, Seo MH, Son HJ, Kim D. Removal of hydrogen sulfide in a three phase fluidized bed bioreactor. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02707070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
42
|
Oh KJ, Kim D, Lee IH. Development of effective hydrogen sulphide removing equipment using Thiobacillus sp.IW. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 1998; 99:87-92. [PMID: 15093333 DOI: 10.1016/s0269-7491(97)00168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/1997] [Accepted: 10/15/1997] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide is one of the commonest odours emitted by chemical plants. To remove the hydrogen sulphide biologically, a three phase fluidised bed bioreactor was used in which Thiobacillus sp.IW was immobilised on activated carbon. The optimum operating conditions of the bioreactor were 30 degrees C, pH7, aspect ratio (L/D) = 1 and at these conditions, the system removed over 94% of the hydrogen sulphide in the concentration range of 100-200 ppm and flow rate of 1.0-2.0 litre min(-1). From the upset and recovery test, the system proved stable within the moderate inlet concentration changes investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K J Oh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|