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Yu B, Zhang Y, Wu H, Yan W, Meng Y, Hu C, Liu Z, Ding J, Zhang H. Advanced oxidation processes for synchronizing harmful microcystis blooms control with algal metabolites removal: From the laboratory to practical applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167650. [PMID: 37806585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in freshwater systems have become a global epidemic, leading to a series of problems related to cyanobacterial outbreaks and toxicity. Studies are needed to improve the technology used for the simultaneous removal of harmful cyanobacteria and algal metabolites. In this review, widely reported advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) strategies for removing major species Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and microcystins (MCs) were screened through bibliometrics, such as photocatalysis, activated persulfate, H2O2, Ozone oxidation, ultrasonic oxidation, and electrochemical oxidation, etc. AOPs generate kinds of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to inactivate cyanobacteria and degrade cyanotoxins. A series of responses occurs in algal cells to resist the damaging effects of ROS generated by AOPs. Specifically, we reviewed laboratory research, mechanisms, practical applications, and challenges of HABs treatments in AOPs. Problems common to these technologies include the impact of algal response and metabolites, and environmental factors. This information provides guidance for future research on the removal of harmful cyanobacteria and treatment of algal metabolites using AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Yu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huazhen Wu
- Hangzhou Huanke Environmental Consulting Co. LTD, 310010 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Yan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunjuan Meng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiafeng Ding
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yu B, Li X, He M, Li Y, Ding J, Zhong Y, Zhang H. Selective production of singlet oxygen for harmful cyanobacteria inactivation and cyanotoxins degradation: Efficiency and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129940. [PMID: 36108496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about the impact of singlet oxygen (1O2) on the characteristics and inactivation of harmful cyanobacterial organic matter is limited. In this study, the feasibility of using an improved single-iron doped graphite-like phase carbon nitride catalyst (FeCN) to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) catalytic production of 1O2 to inactivate four harmful cyanobacteria was investigated. The inactivation efficiencies at 30 min were 92.77%, 66.84%, 91.06%, and 93.45% for Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), Nodularia harveyana, Oscillatoria sp., and Nostoc sp., respectively. This was associated with adjusting experimental parameters, such as the FeCN and PMS doses and initial pH, to obtain the maximum 1O2 yield. The quenching experiment results and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra showed that 1O2 generated via the non-radical pathway might play a dominant role in inactivating harmful cyanobacteria and degrading harmful algal toxins (Microcystin-LR and Nodularin). In addition, the FeCN-PMS system not only effectively destroyed the integrity of harmful cyanobacterial cells but also effectively degraded cyanobacterial toxins, thereby preventing severe secondary contamination by cell rupture. A possible removal mechanism was proposed. This reveals the potential of 1O2 to simultaneously inactivate harmful cyanobacteria and degrade harmful cyanobacterial toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Yu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xizi Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengfan He
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiafeng Ding
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuchi Zhong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Pestana CJ, Hui J, Camacho-Muñoz D, Edwards C, Robertson PKJ, Irvine JTS, Lawton LA. Solar-driven semi-conductor photocatalytic water treatment (TiO 2, g-C 3N 4, and TiO 2+g-C 3N 4) of cyanotoxins: Proof-of-concept study with microcystin-LR. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136828. [PMID: 36241123 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and their toxins are a threat to drinking water safety as increasingly cyanobacterial blooms (mass occurrences) occur in lakes and reservoirs all over the world. Photocatalytic removal of cyanotoxins by solar light active catalysts is a promising way to purify water at relatively low cost compared to modifying existing infrastructure. We have established a facile and low-cost method to obtain TiO2 and g-C3N4 coated floating photocatalysts using recycled glass beads. g-C3N4 coated and TiO2+g-C3N4 co-coated beads were able to completely remove microcystin-LR in artificial fresh water under both natural and simulated solar light irradiation without agitation in less than 2 h. TiO2 coated beads achieved complete removal within 8 h of irradiation. TiO2+g-C3N4 beads were more effective than g-C3N4 beads as demonstrated by the increase reaction rate with reaction constants, 0.0485 min-1 compared to 0.0264 min-1 respectively, with TiO2 alone found to be considerably slower 0.0072 min-1. g-C3N4 based photocatalysts showed a similar degradation pathway to TiO2 based photocatalysts by attacking the C6-C7 double bond on the Adda side chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Pestana
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB10 7GJ, UK.
| | - Jianing Hui
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Dolores Camacho-Muñoz
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Christine Edwards
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Peter K J Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen's University of Belfast, Stanmillis Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - John T S Irvine
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB10 7GJ, UK
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Albuquerque MVDC, Ramos RDO, Leite VD, de Sousa JT, de Araújo MCU, de Ceballos BSO, Lopes WS. Studies of the liposolubility and the ecotoxicity of MC-LR degradation by-products using computational molecular modeling and in-vivo tests with Chlorella vulgaris and Daphnia magna. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 245:106127. [PMID: 35248895 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Computational molecular modelling, mass spectrometry and in-vivo tests with Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) and Daphnia magna (D. magna) were used to investigate the liposolubility and ecotoxicity of MC-LR degradation by-products generated after oxidation by OH• radicals in Fenton process. Exposure of MC-LR (5 µg.L-1) to the most severe oxidation conditions (Fe2+ 20 mM and H2O2 60 mM) resulted in a reduction in the toxin concentration of 96% (0.16 µg.L-1), however, with the formation of many by-products. The by-product of m/z 445 was the most resistant to degradation and retained a toxic structure of diene bonds present in the Adda amino acid. Computational modeling revealed that m/z 445 (tPSA = 132.88 Ų; KOW = 2.02) is more fat-soluble than MC-LR (tPSA = 340.64 Ų; KOW = 0.68), evidencing an easier transport process of this by-product. Given this, toxicity tests using C. vulgaris and D. magna indicated greater toxicity of the by-product m/z 445 compared to MC-LR. When the conversion of MC-LR to by-products was 77%, the growth inhibition of C. vulgaris and the D. magna immobility were, respectively, 6.14 and 0%, with 96% conversion; growth inhibition and the immobility were both 100% for both species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Railson de Oliveira Ramos
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba 58429-500, Brazil.
| | - Valderi Duarte Leite
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba 58429-500, Brazil
| | - José Tavares de Sousa
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Mário César Ugulino de Araújo
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CCEN, Caixa Postal 5093, João Pessoa, Paraíba CEP 58051-970, Brazil
| | | | - Wilton Silva Lopes
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba 58429-500, Brazil
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Fan G, Lin X, You Y, Du B, Li X, Luo J. Magnetically separable ZnFe 2O 4/Ag 3PO 4/g-C 3N 4 photocatalyst for inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa: Characterization, performance and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126703. [PMID: 34315026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water eutrophication leads to increasingly serious harmful algal blooms (HABs), which poses tremendous threats on aquatic environment and human health. In this work, a novel magnetically separable ZnFe2O4/Ag3PO4/g-C3N4 (ZFO/AP/CN) photocatalyst with double Z-scheme was constructed for Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) inactivation and Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) degradation under visible light. The photocatalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, XPS, FTIR, UV-vis, PL, and VSM. Approximately 96.33% of chlorophyll a was degraded by ZFO/AP/CN (100 mg/L) after 3 h of visible light irradiation. During the photocatalytic process, the malondialdehyde (MDA) of M. aeruginosa increased, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased initially and decreased afterwards. Furthermore, the photocatalytic removal efficiency of M. aeruginosa (OD680 ≈0.732) and MC-LR (0.2 mg/L) reached 94.31% and 76.92%, respectively, in the simultaneous removal of algae and algal toxin experiment. Reactive species scavenging experiments demonstrated that·O2- and·OH played key roles in inactivating M. aeruginosa and degrading MC-LR. The excellent recoverability and stability of ZFO/AP/CN were proved by cycling photocatalytic experiment which using magnetic recovery method. In summary, the synthesized magnetically separable ZFO/AP/CN photocatalyst has remarkable photocatalytic activity under visible light and shows promising potential for practical application of alleviating HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002 Fujian, China.
| | - Xin Lin
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Yifan You
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Banghao Du
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Fujian Jinhuang Environmental Sci-Tech Co., Ltd, 350002 Fujian, China
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6
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Fan G, Chen Z, Gu S, Du B, Wang L. Self-floating photocatalytic hydrogel for efficient removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and degradation of microcystins-LR. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131283. [PMID: 34323790 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) and the release of cyanotoxins have posed adverse impacts to aquatic system and human health. In this study, a novel self-floating Ag/AgCl@LaFeO3 (ALFO) photocatalytic hydrogel was prepared via freeze-thaw method for removal of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa). The ALFO hydrogel performed an excellent photocatalytic activity with a 99.4% removal efficiency of chlorophyll a within 4 h. It can still remove above 95% chlorophyll a after six consecutive recycles. Besides it has also shown excellent mechanical strength and elasticity, which can ensure its use in practical applications. The mechanisms of M. aeruginosa inactivation are attributed to •O2- and •OH generated by the ALFO hydrogel under visible light radiation. In addition, •O2- and •OH can further oxidative degrade and even mineralize the leaked algae organic matter, avoiding the recurrence of CyanoHABs. What's more, the ALFO hydrogel owns good photocatalytic degradation performance for microcystins-LR (MC-LR) with a 97% removal efficiency within 90 min. A possible photocatalytic degradation pathway of MC-LR was proposed through the identification of the intermediate products during the photocatalytic reaction, which confirmed the reduction of MC-LR toxicity. This work develops recyclable a self-floating ALFO hydrogel to simultaneously inactivate M. aeruginosa and degrade MC-LR, providing a prospective method for governing and controlling CyanoHABs in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Shiping Gu
- CCCC First Highway Engineering Group Xiamen Co., Ltd., Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Banghao Du
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China.
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Lin CH, Chen WH. Graphene Family Nanomaterials (GFN)-TiO 2 for the Photocatalytic Removal of Water and Air Pollutants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3195. [PMID: 34947544 PMCID: PMC8705732 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Given the industrial revolutions and resource scarcity, the development of green technologies which aims to conserve resources and reduce the negative impacts of technology on the environment has become a critical issue of concern. One example is heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been intensively researched given its low toxicity and photocatalytic effects under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The advantages conferred by the physical and electrochemical properties of graphene family nanomaterials (GFN) have contributed to the combination of GFN and TiO2 as well as the current variety of GFN-TiO2 catalysts that have exhibited improved characteristics such as greater electron transfer and narrower bandgaps for more potential applications, including those under visible light irradiation. In this review, points of view on the intrinsic properties of TiO2, GFNs (pristine graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO, and graphene quantum dots (GQDs)), and GFN-TiO2 are presented. This review also explains practical synthesis techniques along with perspective characteristics of these TiO2- and/or graphene-based materials. The enhancement of the photocatalytic activity by using GFN-TiO2 and its improved photocatalytic reactions for the treatment of organic, inorganic, and biological pollutants in water and air phases are reported. It is expected that this review can provide insights into the key to optimizing the photocatalytic activity of GFN-TiO2 and possible directions for future development in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Hsiang Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
- Aerosol Science and Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Radiolytic degradation of 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin in water: Reactive radical species and transformation pathways. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Camacho-Muñoz D, Fervers AS, Pestana CJ, Edwards C, Lawton LA. Degradation of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin by continuous flow UV-A photocatalysis over immobilised TiO 2. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 276:111368. [PMID: 32942219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing presence of freshwater toxins have brought new challenges to preserve water quality due to their potential impact on the environment and human health. Two commonly occurring cyanotoxins, microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin, with different physico-chemical properties were used to evaluate the efficiency of photocatalysis using a continuous-flow reactor with immobilized TiO2 on glass tubes and UV-A light. The effect of flow rate and hydrogen peroxide addition on the efficiency of cyanotoxin removal were evaluated. An analysis of the effects on microcystin-LR removal efficiency showed that low flow rates (1 mL/min) and high H2O2 concentrations (120 mg/L) were needed to provide effective degradation. Up to 27.9% and 39.1% removal of MC-LR and CYN, respectively were achieved by UV-A/TiO2 after a single pass through the reactor. A slight increase of the removal of both cyanotoxins was observed when they were in a mixture (35.5% of MC-LR and 51.3% of CYN). The addition of H2O2 to the UV/TiO2 system led to an average removal enhancement of 92.6% of MC-LR and of 29.5% of CYN compared to the UV/TiO2 system. Photolysis assisted by H2O2 degraded MC-LR by up to 77.7%. No significant removal (<10%) was observed by photolysis alone or physical adsorption. This study presents a proof-of-principle that demonstrates the feasibility for this technology to be integrated in large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Camacho-Muñoz
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
| | - Anne-Sophie Fervers
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Carlos J Pestana
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Christine Edwards
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
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Pestana CJ, Portela Noronha J, Hui J, Edwards C, Gunaratne HQN, Irvine JTS, Robertson PKJ, Capelo-Neto J, Lawton LA. Photocatalytic removal of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7813 and four microcystins by TiO 2 coated porous glass beads with UV-LED irradiation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:141154. [PMID: 32758751 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and their toxic secondary metabolites are a challenge in water treatment due to increased biomass and dissolved metabolites in the raw water. Retrofitting existing water treatment infrastructure is prohibitively expensive or unfeasible, hence 'in-reservoir' treatment options are being explored. In the current study, a treatment system was able to photocatalytically inhibit the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and remove released microcystins by photocatalysis using titanium dioxide coated, porous foamed glass beads and UV-LEDs (365 nm). A 35% reduction of M. aeruginosa PCC7813 cell density compared to control samples was achieved in seven days. As a function of cell removal, intracellular microcystins (microcystin-LR, -LY, -LW, and -LF) were removed by 49% from 0.69 to 0.35 μg mL-1 in seven days. Microcystins that leaked into the surrounding water from compromised cells were completely removed by photocatalysis. The findings of the current study demonstrate the feasibility of an in-reservoir treatment unit applying low cost UV-LEDs and porous foamed beads made from recycled glass coated with titanium dioxide as a means to control cyanobacteria and their toxins before they can reach the water treatment plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Pestana
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| | - Jolita Portela Noronha
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jianing Hui
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Edwards
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - H Q Nimal Gunaratne
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - John T S Irvine
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Peter K J Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - José Capelo-Neto
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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11
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Jimenez-Relinque E, Rubiano F, Hingorani R, Grande M, Castillo A, Nevshupa R, Castellote M. New Holistic Conceptual Framework for the Assessment of the Performance of Photocatalytic Pavement. Front Chem 2020; 8:743. [PMID: 33195015 PMCID: PMC7525223 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite serious health and environmental burdens associated with air pollution by NOx, the emission ceilings have been systematically exceeded in big European cities for several years. Photocatalytic technology can be an efficient solution for the removal of chemical air pollutants. Because diesel engine exhaust is the main source of NOx emissions, the application of a photocatalyst onto road pavement appears to be an effective NOx abatement method due to the large surface area, proximity to the emission source, and relatively good solar irradiance. Several laboratory-scale studies provided evidence demonstrating that most harmful contaminants can be readily mineralized. Furthermore, several projects were aiming to scale up this technology to pilot and real scales. Although the photocatalytic performances of selected materials in real urban environments were determined in some of these studies, the data are not conclusive for evaluating the overall performance because other material characteristics relevant to their functionality were not assessed. The lack of conformity criteria suitable for the evaluation of the overall performance of photocatalytic pavement under real operational conditions has generated skepticism and mistrust among public authorities and relevant stakeholders, which constrains the widespread implementation of this promising technology. In this context, the project LIFE-Photoscaling was focused on developing a new holistic conceptual framework to assess the photocatalytic pavement performance using the decision tool "Photoscaling Decision Maker" based on a set of quantitative indicators. For this purpose, a large volume of data obtained for 10 types of photocatalytic pavement materials was systemized on both the laboratory and pilot plant scales and three main indicators were defined: (1) photocatalytic performance effectiveness, (2) intrinsic performance, and (3) undesired secondary effects. Each top-level indicator includes several low-level subindicators associated with specific material characteristics. Finally, the ranges of the main indicators and subindicators and methods for their assessment were determined. These methods include standard, adopted, and original characterization techniques, which were selected based on the criteria such as simplicity, cost- and time-effectiveness, and relevance regarding the operational conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jimenez-Relinque
- Spanish National Research Council, Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rubiano
- Spanish National Research Council, Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Hingorani
- Spanish National Research Council, Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Grande
- Spanish National Research Council, Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Castillo
- Spanish National Research Council, Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roman Nevshupa
- Spanish National Research Council, Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Castellote
- Spanish National Research Council, Eduardo Torroja Institute of Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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He X, Wang A, Wu P, Tang S, Zhang Y, Li L, Ding P. Photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR by modified TiO 2 photocatalysis: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140694. [PMID: 32673915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), the most toxic and commonly encountered cyanotoxin, is produced by harmful cyanobacterial blooms and potentially threatens human and ecosystems health. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis is attracting growing attention and has been considered as an efficient, environmentally friendly and promising solution to eliminate MC-LR in the aquatic ecosystems. Over recent decades, scientific efforts have been directed towards the understanding of fundamentals, modification strategies, and application potentials of TiO2 photocatalysis in degrading MC-LR. In this article, recent reports have been reviewed and progress has been summarized in the development of heterogeneous TiO2-based photocatalysts for MC-LR photodegradation under visible, UV, or solar light. The proposed photocatalytic principles of TiO2 and destruction of MC-LR have been thoroughly discussed. Specifically, some main modification methods for improving the drawbacks and performance of TiO2 nanoparticle were highlighted, including element doping, semiconductor coupling, immobilization, floatability amelioration and magnetic separation. Moreover, the performance evaluation metrics quantum yield (QY) and figure of merit (FOM) were used to compare different photocatalysts in MC-LR degradation. The best performance was seen in N-TiO2 with QY and FOM values of 2.20E-07 molecules/photon and 1.00E-11 mol·L/(g·J·h). N-TiO2 or N-TiO2-based materials may be excellent options for photocatalyst design in terms of MC-LR degradation. Finally, a summary of the remaining challenges and perspectives on new tendencies in this exciting frontier and still an emerging area of research were addressed accordingly. Overall, the present review will offer a deep insight for understanding the photodegradation of MC-LR with modified TiO2 to further inspire researchers that work in associated fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghou He
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Anzhi Wang
- University School of South China Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Pian Wu
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Shibiao Tang
- Central South University School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Lei Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Ping Ding
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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Can the photocatalyst TiO2 be incorporated into a wastewater treatment method? Background and prospects. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Afzal MJ, Pervaiz E, Farrukh S, Ahmed T, Bingxue Z, Yang M. Highly integrated nanocomposites of RGO/TiO 2 nanotubes for enhanced removal of microbes from water. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:2567-2576. [PMID: 29493396 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1447021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Highly integrated nanocomposite of Graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives with metal oxides is essential for enhanced performance for various applications. Tuning the morphology is an important aspect during nanomaterials synthesis; this has an amplifying influence upon physicochemical properties of advanced functional materials. In this research work, GO/TiO2 nanotube composites have been successfully synthesized via alkaline hydrothermal treatment method by augmenting GO layers with two different phases of TiO2 (anatase and rutile) nanoparticles, followed by the hydrothermal treatment that also have caused reduction of GO to reduced GO (RGO). The morphology of the as-prepared samples appeared to be nanotubes with a large aspect ratio (length to diameter). The synthesized materials have been characterized using various techniques to determine their morphological and functional properties. Large surface area (158 m2/g) nanotube composites found accountable as effective disinfectant for water containing microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized composites was examined by disk diffusion method and optical density for bacterial growth using two different bacterial species; Escherichia Coli (E.coli, Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus Aureus (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-positive). The antibacterial study revealed that, the anatase phase RGO/TiO2 nanotube composites manifested appreciable effect on both bacteria as compared to rutile phase RGO/TiO2 nanotubecomposite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid Afzal
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Erum Pervaiz
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Sarah Farrukh
- a Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Tahir Ahmed
- b Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Zhang Bingxue
- c Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Ningbo , People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Yang
- c Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Ningbo , People's Republic of China
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Khadgi N, Upreti AR. Photocatalytic degradation of Microcystin-LR by visible light active and magnetic, ZnFe 2O 4-Ag/rGO nanocomposite and toxicity assessment of the intermediates. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:441-451. [PMID: 30654258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to study photocatalytic degradation of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a cyanotoxin known to cause acute as well as chronic toxicity and even mortality. The nanocomposite (NC) based on zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) was modified with graphene oxide (GO) and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance its photocatalytic properties under visible light. The so-formed ZnFe2O4-Ag/rGO NC exhibited superior performance in visible light allowing complete degradation of MC-LR within 120 min of treatment with pseudo rate constant, k = 0.0515 min-1, several times greater than other photocatalysts, TiO2 (k = 0.0009 min-1), ZnFe2O4 (k = 0.0021 min-1), ZnFe2O4-Ag (k = 0.0046 min-1) and ZnFe2O4/rGO (k = 0.007 min-1) respectively. The total organic carbon analysis revealed that only 22% of MC-LR was mineralized on 120 min of treatment time indicating presence of different intermediate by-products. The intermediates formed during photocatalytic treatment were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) based on which probable degradation pathways were proposed. The attack from OH radicals formed during the photocatalytic process resulted to hydroxylation and subsequent cleavage of diene bond. The toxicity assessment with Daphnia magna revealed that the degradation process has alleviated toxicity of the MC-LR and no toxic intermediates were formed during the treatment which is very important from eco-toxicological view point. Therefore, ZnFe2O4-Ag/rGO has a good potential in the field of environmental applications as visible light active and magnetic photocatalyst with enhanced performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirina Khadgi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road #1, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Akhanda Raj Upreti
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road #1, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
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Nawaz M, Moztahida M, Kim J, Shahzad A, Jang J, Miran W, Lee DS. Photodegradation of microcystin-LR using graphene-TiO2/sodium alginate aerogels. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 199:109-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antoniou MG, Boraei I, Solakidou M, Deligiannakis Y, Abhishek M, Lawton LA, Edwards C. Enhancing photocatalytic degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR with the addition of sulfate-radical generating oxidants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 360:461-470. [PMID: 30142597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the coupling of sulfate radical generating oxidants, (persulfate, PS and peroxymonosulfate, PMS) with TiO2 photocatalysis for the degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Treatment efficiency was evaluated by estimating the electrical energy per order (EEO). Oxidant addition at 4 mg/L reduced the energy requirements of the treatment by 60% and 12% for PMS and PS, respectively compared with conventional photocatalysis. Quenching studies indicated that both sulfate and hydroxyl radicals contributed towards the degradation of MC-LR for both oxidants, while Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) studies confirmed that the oxidants prolonged that lifetime of both radicals (concentration maxima shifted from 10 to 20 min), allowing for bulk diffusion and enhancing cyanotoxin removal. Structural identification of transformation products (TPs) formed during all treatments, indicated that early stage degradation of MC-LR occurred mainly on the aromatic ring and conjugated carbon double bonds of the ADDA amino acid. In addition, simultaneous hydroxyl substitution of the aromatic ring and the conjugated double carbon bonds of ADDA (m/z = 1027.5) are reported for the first time. Oxidant addition also increased the rates of formation/degradation of TPs and affected the overall toxicity of the treated samples. The detoxification and degradation order of the treatments was UVA/TiO2/PMS > UVA/TiO2/PS>> UVA/TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Antoniou
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - I Boraei
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - M Solakidou
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Catalysis and Hybrid Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Y Deligiannakis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials and Environment, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - M Abhishek
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - L A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - C Edwards
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
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18
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An Effective Utilization of Solar Energy: Enhanced Photodegradation Efficiency of TiO2/Graphene-Based Composite. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11030630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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Abstract
Efficient solar vapor/steam generation is important for various applications ranging from power generation, cooling, desalination systems to compact and portable devices like drinking water purification and sterilization units. However, conventional solar steam generation techniques usually rely on costly and cumbersome optical concentration systems and have relatively low efficiency due to bulk heating of the entire liquid volume. Recently, by incorporating novel light harvesting receivers, a new class of solar steam generation systems has emerged with high vapor generation efficiency. They are categorized in two research streams: volumetric and floating solar receivers. In this paper, we review the basic principles of these solar receivers, the mechanism involving from light absorption to the vapor generation, and the associated challenges. We also highlight the two routes to produce high temperature steam using optical and thermal concentration. Finally, we propose a scalable approach to efficiently harvest solar energy using a semi-spectrally selective absorber with near-perfect visible light absorption and low thermal emittance. Our proposed approach represents a new development in thermally concentrated solar distillation systems, which is also cost-effective and easy to fabricate for rapid industrial deployment.
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20
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Wu S, Lv J, Wang F, Duan N, Li Q, Wang Z. Photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR with a nanostructured photocatalyst based on upconversion nanoparticles@TiO 2 composite under simulated solar lights. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14435. [PMID: 29089572 PMCID: PMC5663843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we prepared advanced upconversion nanoparticle coated with TiO2 photocatalysts (NaYF4:Yb,Tm@TiO2) to utilize not only UV energy but also the large portion of NIR energy in order to improve the utilization efficiency of solar lights. The MC-LR (10 μg/mL) degradation rate can be approached 100% within 30 min at the concentration of NaYF4:Yb,Tm@TiO2 0.4 mg/mL and initial pH value 4, while 61%, using pure TiO2 (P25) under simulated solar lights. The reaction processes were studied and fitted with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were found to be the major reactive species. Meanwhile, seven degradation intermediates of MC-LR were examined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and the degradation mechanism was analyzed. The main degradation pathways were proposed based on the molecular weight of the intermediates and the reaction mechanism are hydroxylation on the diene bonds and the aromatic ring of Adda. The products were evaluated to be nontoxic based on the construction of the intermediates. This study demonstrated that the NIR energy can be used as the driving source for photocatalysis besides the UV and the NIR-responsed photocatalysis had a high-efficiency and potential for MC-LR degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. .,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Jiajia Lv
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Nuo Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. .,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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21
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Bae J, Park JY, Kwon OS, Lee CS. Energy efficient capacitors based on graphene/conducting polymer hybrids. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Kieber RJ, Hartrey LM, Felix D, Corzine C, Avery GB, Mead RN, Skrabal SA. Photorelease of microcystin-LR from resuspended sediments. HARMFUL ALGAE 2017; 63:1-6. [PMID: 28366384 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of ten photolysis experiments was conducted with sediments exposed to Microcystis sp. blooms to determine if sunlight is capable of mobilizing the biotoxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR) into the water column. There was a net photorelease of MC-LR in irradiated suspensions in all cases relative to dark controls, ranging from 0.4 to 192μgL-1g-1 into the dissolved phase. This should be viewed as a minimum estimate of photorelease due to concurrent photodegradation of dissolved toxin. Dissolved MC-LR concentrations in a sediment suspension increased linearly in the aqueous phase during a six-hour irradiation with simulated sunlight suggesting that longer exposure times produce greater quantities of MC-LR. There was a significant positive correlation between photorelease of toxin and percent organic carbon of the resuspended material, implying that organic-rich sediments yield the greatest photorelease of MC-LR upon exposure to full spectrum sunlight. Samples exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (400nm-700nm) were responsible for less than 2% of the photorelease compared to full spectrum exposures. Model calculations indicate that photochemical processing of bloom impacted sediments could be responsible for as much as 100% of the average standing stock of MC-LR in a freshwater pond located in southeastern North Carolina, where surface water concentrations were also measured. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed a new peak in light exposed flasks that appears to be a photo-induced isomerized product of MC-LR. Photoproduction from resuspended sediments therefore represents a significant but previously unrecognized source of highly toxic MC-LR and photoproducts of unknown toxicity and fate to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kieber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, United States.
| | - Lindsey M Hartrey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, United States
| | - David Felix
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, United States
| | - Coleman Corzine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, United States
| | - G Brooks Avery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, United States
| | - Ralph N Mead
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, United States
| | - Stephen A Skrabal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403-3297, United States
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Wu C, Fang Y, Tirusew AH, Xiang M, Huang Y, Chen C. Photochemical oxidation mechanism of microcystin-RR by p-n heterojunction Ag/Ag 2 O-BiVO 4. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(16)62583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu J, Ye JS, Ou HS, Lin J. Effectiveness and intermediates of microcystin-LR degradation by UV/H 2O 2 via 265 nm ultraviolet light-emitting diodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:4676-4684. [PMID: 27975200 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the degradation of cyanotoxins by 254 nm UV/H2O2 has been well elucidated, the efficiency and mechanism involved are not necessarily true for other UV wavelengths. The degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a representative cyanotoxin, was explored by UV/H2O2 using 265 nm ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED). The results indicated that 265 nm UV/H2O2 treatment had a high removal efficiency of MC-LR ([MC-LR] = 0.1 μM, apparent rate constants reached 0.2077 min-1, half-time at 3.3 min). The qualitative analyses demonstrated that three novel intermediates, C48H74N10O15 (molecular weight = 1030.5335), C36H58N10O14 (854.4134), and C33H54N10O14 (814.3821), were generated in 265 nm UV/H2O2. Five published intermediates were also confirmed. The generative pathway of these products mainly involved free hydroxyl radical oxidation, resulting in consecutive hydroxyl substitutions and hydroxyl additions of unsaturated bonds in MC-LR. The toxicity of MC-LR was weaken with a relative low mineralization. The electrical energy per order values were calculated to be in the range of 0.00447 to 0.00612 kWh m-3 order-1 for 100-5000 μg L-1 MC-LR. Overall, 265 nm UV-LED/H2O2 can be used as an alternative effective technology to improve the removal efficiency of MC-LR in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jin-Shao Ye
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Hua-Se Ou
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Jialing Lin
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Akerdi AG, Bahrami SH, Arami M, Pajootan E. Photocatalytic discoloration of Acid Red 14 aqueous solution using titania nanoparticles immobilized on graphene oxide fabricated plate. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 159:293-299. [PMID: 27309674 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Textile industry consumes remarkable amounts of water during various operations. A significant portion of the water discharge to environment is in the form of colored contaminant. The present research reports the photocatalytic degradation of anionic dye effluent using immobilized TiO2 nanoparticle on graphene oxide (GO) fabricated carbon electrodes. Acid Red 14 (AR 14) was used as model compound. Graphene oxide nanosheets were synthesized from graphite powder using modified Hummer's method. The nanosheets were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR spectrum. The GO nanoparticles were deposited on carbon electrode (GO-CE) by electrochemical deposition (ECD) method and used as catalyst bed. TiO2 nanoparticles were fixed on the bed (GO-CE- TiO2) with thermal process. Photocatalytic processes were carried out using a 500 ml solution containing dye in batch mode. Each photocatalytic treatment were carried out for 120 min. Effect of dye concentration (mg/L), pH of solution, time (min) and TiO2 content (g/L) on the photocatalytic decolorization was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Gholami Akerdi
- Textile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Hajir Bahrami
- Textile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mokhtar Arami
- Textile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Pajootan
- Textile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 with Water into Methanol and Ethanol Using Graphene Derivative–TiO2 Composites: Effect of pH and Copper(I) Oxide. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Fotiou T, Triantis TM, Kaloudis T, O'Shea KE, Dionysiou DD, Hiskia A. Assessment of the roles of reactive oxygen species in the UV and visible light photocatalytic degradation of cyanotoxins and water taste and odor compounds using C-TiO2. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 90:52-61. [PMID: 26724439 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Visible light (VIS) photocatalysis has large potential as a sustainable water treatment process, however the reaction pathways and degradation processes of organic pollutants are not yet clearly defined. The presence of cyanobacteria cause water quality problems since several genera can produce potent cyanotoxins, harmful to human health. In addition, cyanobacteria produce taste and odor compounds, which pose serious aesthetic problems in drinking water. Although photocatalytic degradation of cyanotoxins and taste and odor compounds have been reported under UV-A light in the presence of TiO2, limited studies have been reported on their degradation pathways by VIS photocatalysis of these problematic compounds. The main objectives of this work were to study the VIS photocatalytic degradation process, define the reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved and elucidate the reaction mechanisms. We report carbon doped TiO2 (C-TiO2) under VIS leads to the slow degradation of cyanotoxins, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), while taste and odor compounds, geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, were not appreciably degraded. Further studies were carried-out employing several specific radical scavengers (potassium bromide, isopropyl alcohol, sodium azide, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and probes (coumarin) to assess the role of different ROS (hydroxyl radical OH, singlet oxygen (1)O2, superoxide radical anion [Formula: see text] ) in the degradation processes. Reaction pathways of MC-LR and CYN were defined through identification and monitoring of intermediates using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for VIS in comparison with UV-A photocatalytic treatment. The effects of scavengers and probes on the degradation process under VIS, as well as the differences in product distributions under VIS and UV-A, suggested that the main species in VIS photocatalysis is [Formula: see text] , with OH and (1)O2 playing minor roles in the degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Fotiou
- Laboratory of Catalytic - Photocatalytic Processes and Environmental Analysis, Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, 15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros M Triantis
- Laboratory of Catalytic - Photocatalytic Processes and Environmental Analysis, Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, 15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Kaloudis
- Water Quality Department, Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company (EYDAP SA), Oropou 156, 11146, Galatsi, Athens, Greece
| | - Kevin E O'Shea
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DBCEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA
| | - Anastasia Hiskia
- Laboratory of Catalytic - Photocatalytic Processes and Environmental Analysis, Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, 15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
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Sampaio M, Bacsa R, Benyounes A, Axet R, Serp P, Silva C, Silva A, Faria J. Synergistic effect between carbon nanomaterials and ZnO for photocatalytic water decontamination. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pastrana-Martínez LM, Morales-Torres S, Figueiredo JL, Faria JL, Silva AMT. Graphene oxide based ultrafiltration membranes for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in salty water. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 77:179-190. [PMID: 25875927 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Flat sheet ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with photocatalytic properties were prepared with lab-made TiO2 and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GOT), and also with a reference TiO2 photocatalyst from Evonik (P25). These membranes were tested in continuous operation mode for the degradation and mineralization of a pharmaceutical compound, diphenhydramine (DP), and an organic dye, methyl orange (MO), under both near-UV/Vis and visible light irradiation. The effect of NaCl was investigated considering simulated brackish water (NaCl 0.5 g L(-1)) and simulated seawater (NaCl 35 g L(-1)). The results indicated that the membranes prepared with the GOT composite (M-GOT) exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, outperforming those prepared with bare TiO2 (M-TiO2) and P25 (M-P25), both inactive under visible light illumination. The best performance of M-GOT may be due to the lower band-gap energy (2.9 eV) of GOT. In general, the permeate flux was also higher for M-GOT probably due to a combined effect of its highest photocatalytic activity, highest hydrophilicity (contact angles of 11°, 17° and 18° for M-GOT, M-TiO2 and M-P25, respectively) and higher porosity (71%). The presence of NaCl had a detrimental effect on the efficiency of the membranes, since chloride anions can act as hole and hydroxyl radical scavengers, but it did not affect the catalytic stability of these membranes. A hierarchically ordered membrane was also prepared by intercalating a freestanding GO membrane in the structure of the M-GOT membrane (M-GO/GOT). The results showed considerably higher pollutant removal in darkness and good photocatalytic activity under near-UV/Vis and visible light irradiation in continuous mode experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Pastrana-Martínez
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sergio Morales-Torres
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - José L Figueiredo
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim L Faria
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials - Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Photodegradation of dyes by a novel TiO2/u-RuO2/GNS nanocatalyst derived from Ru/GNS after its use as a catalyst in the aerial oxidation of primary alcohols (GNS = graphene nanosheets). REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-015-0861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liang Y, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. Preparation and characterization of TiO2–Graphene@Fe3O4 magnetic composite and its application in the removal of trace amounts of microcystin-LR. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08258c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and feasible approach is presented to prepare a novel magnetic photocatalyst TiO2–graphene@Fe3O4 composite exhibiting a superior performance in the removal of trace microcystin-LR in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology
- Research Center for Analytical Science
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiwen He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology
- Research Center for Analytical Science
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Langxing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology
- Research Center for Analytical Science
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology
- Research Center for Analytical Science
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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