1
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Zhang J, Shirakashi R. Measurement of the rotational relaxation time of intracellular water in dried yeast and Jurkat cells by near infrared spectroscopy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149857. [PMID: 38583232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Molecular mobility of intracellular water is a crucial parameter in the study of the mechanism of desiccation tolerance. As one of the parameters that reflecting molecular mobility, the viscosity of intracellular water has been found intimately related with the protection of the phospholipid membrane because it quantifies the diffusion ability of water and mass in the intracellular environment. In this work we measured the intracellular water relaxation time, which can be translated into water viscosity, by using a previously established NIR-dielectric method to monitor the drying process of baker's yeast and Jurkat cells with different desiccation tolerance. We found that intracellular saccharide can significantly decrease the intracellular water viscosity. Also, the intracellular water diffusion coefficient obtained from this method were found in good agreement with other reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkai Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro City, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Ryo Shirakashi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro City, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
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2
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Cao Y, Gao C, Yang L, Zhou P, Sun D. Molecular simulation on the interaction between trehalose and asymmetric lipid bilayer mimicking the membrane of human red blood cells. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104898. [PMID: 38663665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Trehalose is widely acknowledged for its ability to stabilize plasma membranes during dehydration. However, the exact mechanism by which trehalose interacts with lipid bilayers remains presently unclear. In this study, we conducted atomistic molecular dynamic simulations on asymmetric model bilayers that mimic the membrane of human red blood cells at various trehalose and water contents. We considered three different hydration levels mimicking the full hydration to desiccation scenarios. Results indicate that the asymmetric distribution of lipids did not significantly influence the computed structural characteristics at full and low hydration. At dehydration, however, the order parameter obtained from the symmetric bilayer is significantly higher compared to those obtained from asymmetric ones. Analysis of hydrogen bonds revealed that the protective ability of trehalose is well described by the water replacement hypothesis at full and low hydration, while at dehydration other interaction mechanisms associated with trehalose exclusion from the bilayer may involve. In addition, we found that trehalose exclusion is not attributed to sugar saturation but rather to the reduction in hydration levels. It can be concluded that the protective effect of trehalose is not only related to the hydration level of the bilayer, but also closely tied to the asymmetric distribution of lipids within each leaflet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Department of Refrigeration & Cryogenics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Cai Gao
- Department of Refrigeration & Cryogenics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Refrigeration & Cryogenics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Department of Refrigeration & Cryogenics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Dongfang Sun
- Department of Refrigeration & Cryogenics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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3
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Ruiz-Matus S, Goldstein P. On the universality of viscosity in supersaturated binary aqueous sugar solutions: Cryopreservation by vitrification. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104886. [PMID: 38555011 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the physical nature of supersaturated binary aqueous sugar solutions in the vicinity of the glass transition represents a very important issue due to their biological applications in cryopreservation of cells and tissues, food science and stabilization and storage of nano genetic drugs. We present the construction of the Supplemented Phase Diagram and the non-equilibrium nature of the undersaturated-supersaturated kinetic transition. The description of its thermodynamic nature is achieved through the study of behavior of their viscosity as temperature is lowered and concentration increased. In this work, we find a universal character for the viscosities of several sugar water solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Ruiz-Matus
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, National Autonomous University of México, 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Patricia Goldstein
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, National Autonomous University of México, 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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4
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Wu X, Shen L, Zhao G. Analysis of the Nonequilibrium Phase Change Behaviors of the Cryoprotectant Solutions for Cryopreservation of Human Red Blood Cells with Low-Concentration Glycerol. Biopreserv Biobank 2024. [PMID: 38193778 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2023.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we proposed a low-glycerol cryoprotectant formulation (consisting of 0.4 M trehalose and 5% glycerol) for cryopreservation of human red blood cells (RBCs), which greatly reduced the concentration of glycerol, minimized intracellular ice damage, and achieved high recovery. Although this study was successful in cellular experiments, the nonequilibrium phase transition behaviors of the cryoprotective agent solution have not been systematically analyzed. Therefore, it is essential to provide reliable thermodynamic data to substantiate the viability of this cryopreservation technique. In this study, the phase change behaviors and thermal properties of typical trehalose and/or glycerol solutions quenched in liquid nitrogen were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and cryomicroscopy. It was found that the glass transition temperatures of both the trehalose aqueous solution (<1.0 M) and glycerol aqueous solution (<40% w/v) did not vary apparently with the concentration at low concentrations, while they increased significantly with increasing concentration at high concentrations. Moreover, it was revealed that the inhibitory effect of trehalose on ice growth was affected by glycerol. We further found that the addition of low concentrations of glycerol facilitates the partial glass transition of trehalose solutions at low concentrations. The results of this work provide reliable thermodynamic data to support the cryopreservation of human RBCs with unusually low concentrations of glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Wu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lingxiao Shen
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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5
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Gomes I, Galamba N. Protein stability in a natural deep eutectic solvent: Preferential hydration or solvent slaving? J Chem Phys 2023; 159:235101. [PMID: 38099555 DOI: 10.1063/5.0177095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) emerged as potential alternative solvent media in multiple areas, including biomolecular (cryo)preservation. Herein, we studied the stability of a small protein (ubiquitin) in water and a betaine-glycerol-water (B:G:W) (1:2:ζ; ζ = 0, 1, 2, 5, 10) DES, through molecular dynamics. An AMBER-based model that accurately describes the density and shear viscosity of the DES is proposed. We find that water molecules are largely trapped in the solvent, precluding the formation of a full hydration layer, seemingly opposite to osmolytes' preferential exclusion/preferential hydration mechanism. Although the protein is stable in the DES, structural fluctuations are largely suppressed and only recovered upon sufficient hydration. This is explained by a solvent-slaving mechanism where β-fluctuations are key, with the non-monotonic hydration of some amino acids with the water content providing an explanation to the non-monotonic folding of some proteins in aqueous DESs. A major thermal stability enhancement in the DES is also observed, caused by a similar slowdown of the backbone torsional dynamics. Our results support a kinetic stabilization of the protein in the DES, whereas a possible thermodynamic stabilization does not follow a preferential hydration or water entrapment mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gomes
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Galamba
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
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6
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Lupi L, Gallo P. Glassy dynamics of water in TIP4P/Ice aqueous solutions of trehalose in comparison with the bulk phase. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:154504. [PMID: 37850697 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We perform molecular dynamics simulations of TIP4P/Ice water in solution with trehalose for 3.65 and 18.57 wt. % concentrations and of bulk TIP4P/Ice water at ambient pressure, to characterize the structure and dynamics of water in a sugar aqueous solution in the supercooled region. We find here that TIP4P/Ice water in solution with trehalose molecules follows the Mode Coupling Theory and undergoes a fragile to strong transition up to the highest concentration investigated, similar to the bulk. Moreover, we perform a Mode Coupling Theory test, showing that the Time Temperature Superposition principle holds for both bulk TIP4P/Ice water and for TIP4P/Ice water in the solutions and we calculate the exponents of the theory. The direct comparison of the dynamical results for bulk water and water in the solutions shows upon cooling along the isobar a fastening of water dynamics for lower temperatures, T < 240 K. We found that the counter-intuitive behavior for the low temperature solutions can be explained with the diffusion anomaly of water leading us to the conclusion that the fastening observed below T = 240 K in water dynamics is only fictitious, due to the fact that the density of water molecules in the solutions is higher than the density of the bulk at the same temperature and pressure. This result should be taken into account in experimental investigations which are often carried out at constant pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lupi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Gallo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
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7
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Rivera-Morán MA, Sampedro JG. Isolation of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase from Rabbit Fast-Twitch Muscle. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:102. [PMID: 37888034 PMCID: PMC10608927 DOI: 10.3390/mps6050102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) is a membrane protein that is destabilized during purification in the absence of calcium ions. The disaccharide trehalose is a protein stabilizer that accumulates in the yeast cytoplasm when under stress. In the present work, SERCA was purified by including trehalose in the purification protocol. The purified SERCA showed high protein purity (~95%) and ATPase activity. ATP hydrolysis was dependent on the presence of Ca2+ and the enzyme kinetics showed a hyperbolic dependence on ATP (Km = 12.16 ± 2.25 μM ATP). FITC labeling showed the integrity of the ATP-binding site and the identity of the isolated enzyme as a P-type ATPase. Circular dichroism (CD) spectral changes at a wavelength of 225 nm were observed upon titration with ATP, indicating α-helical rearrangements in the nucleotide-binding domain (N-domain), which correlated with ATP affinity (Km). The presence of Ca2+ did not affect FITC labeling or the ATP-mediated structural changes at the N-domain. The use of trehalose in the SERCA purification protocol stabilized the enzyme. The isolated SERCA appears to be suitable for structural and ligand binding studies, e.g., for testing newly designed or natural inhibitors. The use of trehalose is recommended for the isolation of unstable enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José G. Sampedro
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Chapultepec 1570, Privadas del Pedregal, San Luis Potosí 78295, Mexico
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8
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Kurle-Tucholski P, Köhler L, Zhao Z, Link G, Wiebeler C, Matysik J. Stabilization of a flavoprotein for solid-state photo-CIDNP MAS NMR at room temperature by embedding in a glassy sugar matrix. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 353:107497. [PMID: 37295281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization via the solid-state photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) effect can be detected in frozen solutions of electron transfer proteins generating a radical-pair upon illumination. The effect has been observed in various natural photosynthetic reaction centers and in light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) sensing domains incorporating a flavin mononucleotide (FMN) as chromophore. In LOV domains, where a highly conserved cysteine is mutated to a flavin to interrupt its natural photochemistry, a radical-pair is generated by electron transfer from a nearby tryptophan to the photoexcited triplet state of FMN. During the photocycle, both the LOV domain and the chromophore are photochemically degraded, e.g., by the formation of singlet oxygen. This limits the time for collection of hyperpolarized nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. We show that embedding of the protein into a trehalose sugar glass matrix stabilizes the protein for 13C solid-state photo-CIDNP NMR experiments which can be conducted at room temperature in a powder sample. Additionally, this preparation allows for incorporation of high amounts of protein further boosting the intensity of the detected signals from FMN and tryptophan at natural abundance. Signal assignment is aided by quantum chemical calculations of absolute shieldings. The underlying mechanism for the surprising absorption-only signal pattern is not yet understood. Comparison to calculated isotropic hyperfine couplings imply that the enhancement is not due to the classical radical-pair mechanism (RPM). Analysis of the anisotropic hyperfine couplings associated with solid-state photo-CIDNP mechanisms also show no simple correlation, suggesting a more complex underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kurle-Tucholski
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lisa Köhler
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ziyue Zhao
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Link
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wiebeler
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Linnéstraße 2, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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9
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de la Torre Arrieta J, Briceño D, de Castro IG, Roser B. A thermostable tetanus/diphtheria (Td) vaccine in the StablevaX™ pre-filled delivery system. Vaccine 2023; 41:3413-3421. [PMID: 37121799 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A syringe for the long-term, room-temperature storage and injection of vaccines is described. Stabilisation was achieved by drying from a trehalose-containing buffer which formed an inert soluble glass distributed in the internal interconnected voids in an absorbent, compliant, reticulated, medical-grade, porous sponge. The sponge is stored inside the barrel of a syringe and the vaccines are re-solubilised by the aspiration of water. The syringe contains the sponge throughout the filling and drying processes in manufacture, and in transport, stockpiling and finally injection. The active vaccine is delivered to the patient in the normal injection process by depressing the plunger, which compresses the sponge to completely expel the dose. Full recovery of vaccine potency, after 7-10 months @ 45 °C, was shown by complete protection against supra-lethal doses of active toxins in immunised Guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Briceño
- Stablepharma Ltd, 4 Queen Square, Bath BA1 2HA, Somerset, UK
| | | | - Bruce Roser
- Stablepharma Ltd, 4 Queen Square, Bath BA1 2HA, Somerset, UK.
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10
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DuBois EM, Adewumi HO, O'Connor PR, Labovitz JE, O'Shea TM. Trehalose-Guanosine Glycopolymer Hydrogels Direct Adaptive Glia Responses in CNS Injury. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2211774. [PMID: 37097729 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Neural tissue damaged after central nervous system (CNS) injury does not naturally regenerate but is instead replaced by non-neural fibrotic scar tissue that serves no neurological function. Scar-free repair to create a more permissive environment for regeneration requires altering the natural injury responses of glial cells. In this work, glycopolymer-based supramolecular hydrogels are synthesized to direct adaptive glia repair after CNS injury. Combining poly(trehalose-co-guanosine) (pTreGuo) glycopolymers with free guanosine (fGuo) generates shear-thinning hydrogels through stabilized formation of long-range G-quadruplex secondary structures. Hydrogels with smooth or granular microstructures and mechanical properties spanning three orders of magnitude are produced through facile control of pTreGuo hydrogel composition. Injection of pTreGuo hydrogels into healthy mouse brains elicits minimal stromal cell infiltration and peripherally derived inflammation that is comparable to a bioinert methyl cellulose benchmarking material. pTreGuo hydrogels alter astrocyte borders and recruit microglia to infiltrate and resorb the hydrogel bulk over 7 d. Injections of pTreGuo hydrogels into ischemic stroke alter the natural responses of glial cells after injury to reduce the size of lesions and increase axon regrowth into lesion core environments. These results support the use of pTreGuo hydrogels as part of neural regeneration strategies to activate endogenous glia repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M DuBois
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Honour O Adewumi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Payton R O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Jacob E Labovitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Timothy M O'Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
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11
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Hu Y, Liu X, Liu F, Xie J, Zhu Q, Tan S. Trehalose in Biomedical Cryopreservation-Properties, Mechanisms, Delivery Methods, Applications, Benefits, and Problems. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1190-1204. [PMID: 36779397 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Cells and tissues are the foundation of translational medicine. At present, one of the main technological obstacles is their preservation for long-term usage while maintaining adequate viability and function. Optimized storage techniques must be developed to make them safer to use in the clinic. Cryopreservation is the most common long-term preservation method to maintain the vitality and function of cells and tissues. But, the formation of ice crystals in cells and tissues is considered to be the main mechanism that could harm cells and tissues during freezing and thawing. To reduce the formation of ice crystals, cryoprotective agents (CPAs) must be added to the cells and tissues to achieve the cryoprotective effect. However, conventional cryopreservation of cells and tissues often needs to use toxic organic solvents as CPAs. As a result, cryopreserved cells and tissues may need to go through a time-consuming washing process to remove CPAs for further applications in translational medicine, and multiple valuable cells are potentially lost or killed. Currently, trehalose has been researched as a nontoxic CPA due to its cryoprotective ability and stability during cryopreservation. Nevertheless, trehalose is a nonpermeable CPA, and the lack of an effective intracellular trehalose delivery method has become the main obstacle to its use in cryopreservation. This article illustrated the properties, mechanisms, delivery methods, and applications of trehalose, summarized the benefits and limits of trehalose, and summed up the findings and research direction of trehalose in biomedical cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Hu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiangjian Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Fenglin Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jingxian Xie
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Songwen Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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12
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Simongini M, Puglisi A, Genovese F, Hochkoeppler A. Trehalose counteracts the dissociation of tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase induced by acidic pH conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 740:109584. [PMID: 37001749 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The lactate dehydrogenase from rabbit skeletal muscle (rbLDH) is a tetrameric enzyme, known to undergo dissociation when exposed to acidic pH conditions. Moreover, it should be mentioned that this dissociation translates into a pronounced loss of enzyme activity. Notably, among the compounds able to stabilize proteins and enzymes, the disaccharide trehalose represents an outperformer. In particular, trehalose was shown to efficiently counteract quite a number of physical and chemical agents inducing protein denaturation. However, no information is available on the effect, if any, exerted by trehalose against the dissociation of protein oligomers. Accordingly, we thought it of interest to investigate whether this disaccharide is competent in preventing the dissociation of rbLDH induced by acidic pH conditions. Further, we compared the action of trehalose with the effects triggered by maltose and cellobiose. Surprisingly, both these disaccharides enhanced the dissociation of rbLDH, with maltose being responsible for a major effect when compared to cellobiose. On the contrary, trehalose was effective in preventing enzyme dissociation, as revealed by activity assays and by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) experiments. Moreover, we detected a significant decrease of both K0.5 and Vmax when the rbLDH activity was tested (at pH 7.5 and 6.5) as a function of pyruvate concentration in the presence of trehalose. Further, we found that trehalose induces a remarkable increase of Vmax when the enzyme is exposed to pH 5. Overall, our observations suggest that trehalose triggers conformational rearrangements of tetrameric rbLDH mirrored by resistance to dissociation and peculiar catalytic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Simongini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Puglisi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo Genovese
- CIGS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Alejandro Hochkoeppler
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy; CSGI, University of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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13
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Slaninova E, Obruca S, Kocherbitov V, Sedlacek P. On the bioprotective effects of 3-hydroxybutyrate: Thermodynamic study of binary 3HB-water systems. Biophys J 2023; 122:460-469. [PMID: 36617191 PMCID: PMC9941717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms must face various inconvenient conditions; therefore, they developed several approaches for protection. Such a strategy also involves the accumulation of compatible solutes, also called osmolytes. It has been proved that the monomer unit 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), which is present in sufficient concentration in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)-accumulating cells, serves as a chemical chaperone protecting enzymes against heat and oxidative stress and as a cryoprotectant for enzymes, bacterial cells, and yeast. The stress robustness of the cells is also strongly dependent on the behavior and state of intracellular water, especially during stress exposure. For a better understanding of the protective mechanism and effect of strongly hydrophilic 3HB in solutions at a wide range of temperatures, a binary phase diagram of system sodium 3HB (Na3HB)-water in equilibrium and the state diagrams showing the glass transitions in the system were constructed. To investigate the activity of water in various compositions of the Na3HB/water system, three experimental techniques have been used (dynamic water sorption analysis, water activity measurements, and sorption calorimetry). First, Na3HB proved its hydrophilic nature, which is very comparable with known compatible solutes (trehalose). Results of differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that Na3HB is also highly effective in depressing the freezing point and generating a large amount of nonfrozen water (1.35 g of water per gram of Na3HB). Therefore, Na3HB represents a very effective cryoprotectant that can be widely used for numerous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Slaninova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Obruca
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vitaly Kocherbitov
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health & Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Petr Sedlacek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
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14
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Perez R, Aron S. Protective role of trehalose in the Namib desert ant, Ocymyrmex robustior. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:286983. [PMID: 36695637 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Over recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to how low-molecular-weight molecules affect thermal tolerance in animals. Although the disaccharide sugar trehalose is known to serve as a thermal protectant in unicellular organisms, nothing is known about its potential role in insects. In this study, we investigated the effect of trehalose on heat tolerance in the Namib desert ant, Ocymyrmex robustior, one of the most thermotolerant animals found in terrestrial ecosystems. First, we tested whether a trehalose-supplemented diet increased worker survival following exposure to heat stress. Second, we assessed the degree of protein damage by comparing protein aggregation levels for trehalose-supplemented workers and control workers. Third, we compared the expression levels of three genes involved in trehalose metabolism. We found that trehalose supplementation significantly enhanced worker heat tolerance, increased metabolic levels of trehalose and reduced protein aggregation under conditions of heat stress. Expression levels of the three genes varied in a manner that was consistent with the maintenance of trehalose in the hemolymph and tissues under conditions of heat stress. Altogether, these results suggest that increased trehalose concentration may help protect Namib desert ant individuals against heat stress. More generally, they highlight the role played by sugar metabolites in boosting tolerance in extremophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Perez
- Department of Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Aron
- Department of Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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15
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A Long Journey into the Investigation of the Structure–Dynamics–Function Paradigm in Proteins through the Activities of the Palermo Biophysics Group. BIOPHYSICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/biophysica2040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An overview of the biophysics activity at the Department of Physics and Chemistry Emilio Segrè of the University of Palermo is given. For forty years, the focus of the research has been on the protein structure–dynamics–function paradigm, with the aim of understanding the molecular basis of the relevant mechanisms and the key role of solvent. At least three research lines are identified; the main results obtained in collaboration with other groups in Italy and abroad are presented. This review is dedicated to the memory of Professors Massimo Ugo Palma, Maria Beatrice Palma Vittorelli, and Lorenzo Cordone, which were the founders of the Palermo School of Biophysics. We all have been, directly or indirectly, their pupils; we miss their enthusiasm for scientific research, their deep physical insights, their suggestions, their strict but always constructive criticisms, and, most of all, their friendship. This paper is dedicated also to the memory of Prof. Hans Frauenfelder, whose pioneering works on nonexponential rebinding kinetics, protein substates, and energy landscape have inspired a large part of our work in the field of protein dynamics.
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16
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Stabilization Effects Induced by Trehalose on Creatine Aqueous Solutions Investigated by Infrared Spectroscopy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196310. [PMID: 36234846 PMCID: PMC9573458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine is a very popular amino acid widely utilized in the sports world due to its functions mainly related to muscle building and increasing performance. The present work investigates the behavior of creatine aqueous solutions and of creatine aqueous in the presence of trehalose as a function of time changes by means of Infrared spectroscopy. Infrared spectra have been gathered and studied over time for both the full spectrum and the intramolecular OH-stretching region for the two mixtures. This latter region was studied more specifically using a cutting-edge technique called Spectral Distance (SD). From this analysis of the spectral features of the investigated samples, it emerges that trehalose has a significant stabilizing effect on creatine aqueous solutions.
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17
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Experimental Investigation on the Bioprotective Role of Trehalose on Glutamine Solutions by Infrared Spectroscopy. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124329. [PMID: 35744387 PMCID: PMC9231094 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine plays a significant role in several basic metabolic processes and is an important regulator of heat shock protein response. The present work is focused on the analysis of the thermal response of aqueous solutions of Glutamine and aqueous solutions of Glutamine in the presence of Trehalose by means of infrared absorption technique. The performed study shows how in the case of a multicomponent system, characterized by a huge number of spectral contributions whose assignment are questionable, the Spectral Distance (SD) and the Cross Wavelet Correlation (XWT) approaches are able to furnish explanatory parameters that can characterize the variations in the spectra behaviour, which is an efficient tool for quantitative comparisons. With this purpose, the analysis has been performed by evaluating the SD and the XWT parameters for the whole investigated spectral range, i.e., 4000–400 cm−1, for scans collected as a function of temperature in the range 20 °C ÷ 60 °C both for Glutamine/Water compounds and for Glutamine /Water/Trehalose mixtures. By means of these analyses, it is found that in aqueous solutions of Glutamine, with respect to aqueous solutions of Glutamine in the presence of Trehalose, the SD and XWT temperature trends follow a linear behaviour where the angular coefficient for Glutamine /Water/Trehalose compounds are lower than that of the Glutamine-Water system in both cases. The obtained findings suggest that Trehalose stabilizes Glutamine against heat treatment.
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18
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Kučera L, Moos M, Štětina T, Korbelová J, Vodrážka P, Marteaux LD, Grgac R, Hůla P, Rozsypal J, Faltus M, Šimek P, Sedlacek R, Koštál V. A mixture of innate cryoprotectants is key for freeze tolerance and cryopreservation of a drosophilid fly larva. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:275162. [PMID: 35380003 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Insects that naturally tolerate internal freezing produce complex mixtures of multiple cryoprotectants (CPs). Better knowledge on composition of these mixtures, and on mechanisms of how the individual CPs interact, could inspire development of laboratory CP formulations optimized for cryopreservation of cells and other biological material. Here we identify and quantify (using high resolution mass spectrometry) a range of putative CPs in larval tissues of a subarctic fly, Chymomyza costata that survives long-term cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen. The CPs (proline, trehalose, glutamine, asparagine, glycine betaine, glycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophosphocholine, and sarcosine) accumulate in hemolymph in a ratio of 313:108:55:26:6:4:2.9:0.5 mmol.L-1. Using calorimetry, we show that the artificial mixtures, mimicking the concentrations of major CPs' in hemolymph of freeze-tolerant larvae, suppress the melting point of water and significantly reduce the ice fraction. We demonstrate in a bioassay that mixtures of CPs administered through the diet act synergistically rather than additively to enable cryopreservation of otherwise freeze-sensitive larvae. Using MALDI-MSI, we show that during slow extracellular freezing trehalose becomes concentrated in partially dehydrated hemolymph where it stimulates transition to the amorphous glass phase. In contrast, proline moves to the boundary between extracellular ice and dehydrated hemolymph and tissues where it likely forms a layer of dense viscoelastic liquid. We propose that amorphous glass and viscoelastic liquids may protect macromolecules and cells from thermomechanical shocks associated with freezing and transfer into and out of liquid nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Kučera
- Czech Centre of Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Moos
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Štětina
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Korbelová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vodrážka
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lauren Des Marteaux
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Grgac
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hůla
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Rozsypal
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Petr Šimek
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Czech Centre of Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Koštál
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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19
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Di Gioacchino M, Bruni F, Alderman OL, Ricci MA. Interaction of trehalose and glucose with a peptide β-turn in aqueous solution. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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O'Connell KF. Cryopreservation of C. elegans and Other Nematodes with Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Trehalose. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2468:43-49. [PMID: 35320559 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2181-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the key attributes that has contributed to the popularity of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system is its ability to survive freezing. By preserving stocks at ultralow temperature, researchers have been able to generate an unlimited number of strains without the burden of constantly maintaining them. This has facilitated the use of large-scale forward genetic screens and CRISPR-mediated genome editing where large numbers of novel and informative mutants can be generated. Traditionally, C. elegans and other nematodes were frozen using glycerol as a cryoprotectant. While effective, a large majority of animals do not survive a typical freeze-thaw cycle. Here I describe an alternative method based on the popular combination of DMSO and trehalose as a cryoprotectant. This method allows the survival of large numbers of worms and effectively protects most developmental stages including adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin F O'Connell
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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21
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Sharma A, Khamar D, Cullen S, Hayden A, Hughes H. Innovative Drying Technologies for Biopharmaceuticals. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121115. [PMID: 34547393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades, biopharmaceuticals have been a breakthrough in improving the quality of lives of patients with various cancers, autoimmune, genetic disorders etc. With the growing demand of biopharmaceuticals, the need for reducing manufacturing costs is essential without compromising on the safety, quality, and efficacy of products. Batch Freeze-drying is the primary commercial means of manufacturing solid biopharmaceuticals. However, Freeze-drying is an economically unfriendly means of production with long production cycles, high energy consumption and heavy capital investment, resulting in high overall costs. This review compiles some potential, innovative drying technologies that have not gained popularity for manufacturing parenteral biopharmaceuticals. Some of these technologies such as Spin-freeze-drying, Spray-drying, Lynfinity® Technology etc. offer a paradigm shift towards continuous manufacturing, whereas PRINT® Technology and MicroglassificationTM allow controlled dry particle characteristics. Also, some of these drying technologies can be easily scaled-up with reduced requirement for different validation processes. The inclusion of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) and offline characterization techniques in tandem can provide additional information on the Critical Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) during biopharmaceutical processing. These processing technologies can be envisaged to increase the manufacturing capacity for biopharmaceutical products at reduced costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Sharma
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Dikshitkumar Khamar
- Sanofi, Manufacturing Science, Analytics and Technology (MSAT), IDA Industrial Park, Waterford X91TP27, Ireland
| | - Sean Cullen
- Gilead Sciences, Commercial Manufacturing, IDA Business & Technology Park, Carrigtwohill, Co. Cork T45DP77, Ireland
| | - Ambrose Hayden
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
| | - Helen Hughes
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
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22
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Katyal N, Sharma S, Deep S. Delving into controversial dichotomy of direct and indirect mechanisms of Trehalose: In search of unanimous consensus. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Ribert P, Dupont S, Roudaut G, Beney L. Effect of devitrification on the survival and resistance of dried Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6409-6418. [PMID: 34423411 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Yeasts are anhydrobiotes that accumulate large amounts of trehalose, which is involved in the vitrification of the cytoplasm during drastic desiccation. The effect of devitrification, which can be induced by the transient exposure of desiccated yeasts to increased humidity or elevated temperature, on the survival of yeast has been studied. A glass transition temperature (Tg)/water activity (aw) diagram of yeast was constructed based on differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The survival rate of yeasts that were equilibrated at different relative humidities (RHs) and temperature values over their Tg range was measured. The results revealed a long period of cell preservation at an intermediate RH (55%), with 100% survival observed after 3 months, a loss of 1.24 log colony-forming units/g recorded after 1 year at 25 °C and full preservation of viability at 75 °C for 60 min and at 100 °C and 12% RH for up to 10 min. These findings led us to conclude that dried yeast can resist low or intermediate RH values and elevated temperatures in the devitrified state. Considering the thermal and humidity fluctuations occurring in the yeast environments, we hypothesized that the supercooled state, which occurs immediately above the Tg after rehydration or heating, is a protective state that is involved in the persistence of yeasts at intermediate humidity levels. KEY POINTS: • Yeast survival for months in a supercooled state is observed at room temperature. • Dried yeasts survive a 10-min exposure to 100 °C in the supercooled state. • The supercooled state is suitable for yeast preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Ribert
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Phileo by Lesaffre, Marcq en Baroeul, France
| | - Sébastien Dupont
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Gaëlle Roudaut
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Beney
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000, Dijon, France.
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24
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Olgenblum GI, Wien F, Sapir L, Harries D. β-Hairpin Miniprotein Stabilization in Trehalose Glass Is Facilitated by an Emergent Compact Non-Native State. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7659-7664. [PMID: 34351767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
From stem cell freeze-drying to organ storage, considerable recent efforts have been directed toward the development of new preservation technologies. A prominent protein stabilizing strategy involves vitrification in glassy matrices, most notably those formed of sugars such as the biologically relevant preservative trehalose. Here, we compare the folding thermodynamics of a model miniprotein in solution and in the glassy state of the sugars trehalose and glucose. Using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD), we find that the same native structure persists in solution and glass. However, upon transition to the glass, a completely different, conformationally restricted unfolded state replaces the disordered denatured state found in solution, potentially inhibiting misfolding. Concomitantly, a large exothermic contribution is observed in glass, exposing the stabilizing effect of interactions with the sugar matrix on the native state. Our results shed light on the mechanism of protein stabilization in sugar glass and should aid in future preservation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil I Olgenblum
- Institute of Chemistry, the Fritz Haber Research Center, and the Harvey M. Kruger Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Frank Wien
- DISCO Beamline, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Liel Sapir
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Daniel Harries
- Institute of Chemistry, the Fritz Haber Research Center, and the Harvey M. Kruger Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
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25
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Sundar S, Sandilya AA, Priya MH. Unraveling the Influence of Osmolytes on Water Hydrogen-Bond Network: From Local Structure to Graph Theory Analysis. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:3927-3944. [PMID: 34379415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Water structure in aqueous osmolyte solutions, deduced from the slight alteration in the water-water radial distribution function, the decrease in water-water hydrogen bonding, and tetrahedral ordering based only on the orientation of nearest water molecules derived from the molecular dynamics simulations, appears to have been perturbed. A careful analysis, however, reveals that the hydrogen bonding and the tetrahedral ordering around a water molecule in binary solutions remain intact as in neat water when the contribution of osmolyte-water interactions is appropriately incorporated. Furthermore, the distribution of the water binding energies and the water excess chemical potential of solvation in solutions are also pretty much the same as in neat water. Osmolytes are, therefore, well integrated into the hydrogen-bond network of water. Indeed, osmolytes tend to preferentially hydrogen bond with water molecules and their interaction energies are strongly correlated to their hydrogen-bonding capability. The graph network analysis, further, illustrates that osmolytes act as hubs in the percolated hydrogen-bond network of solutions. The degree of hydrogen bonding of osmolytes predominantly determines all of the network properties. Osmolytes like ethanol that form fewer hydrogen bonds than a water molecule disrupt the water hydrogen-bond network, while other osmolytes that form more hydrogen bonds effectively increase the connectivity among water molecules. Our observation of minimal variation in the local structure and the vitality of osmolyte-water hydrogen bonds on the solution network properties clearly imply that the direct interaction between protein and osmolytes is solely responsible for the protein stability. Further, the relevance of hydrogen bonds on solution properties suggests that the hydrogen-bonding interaction among protein, water, and osmolyte could be the key determinant of the protein conformation in solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Sundar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Avilasha A Sandilya
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - M Hamsa Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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26
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Bong LJ, Wang CY, Shiodera S, Haraguchi TF, Itoh M, Neoh KB. Effect of body lipid content is linked to nutritional adaptation in the acclimation responses of mesic-adapted Paederus to seasonal variations in desiccation stress. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 131:104226. [PMID: 33736982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Desiccation stress causes mesic-adapted arthropods to lose their body water content. However, mesic-adapted Paederus beetles can survive over prolonged periods under dry field conditions, suggesting that these beetles adopt an array of water conservation mechanisms. We investigated the water balance mechanisms of field-collected Paederus adults over a 14-month sampling period. We also assessed their nutritional adaptations by performing a stable isotope analysis to examine their diet. The water loss rate (WLR) of the beetles was significantly associated with the rice crop cycle and saturation deficit. The cuticular permeability (CP) of adult beetles was maintained at < 30 µg cm-2h-1 mmHg-1; however, CP increased significantly with the WLR. This result indicates that CP might play a minor role in reducing excessive water loss in beetles. The beetles' body water content and percentage total body water content increased when the WLR was high. Trehalose, glucose, and glycogen did not appear to play a central role in enhancing the water reserves in the insects. The body lipid content ranged from 0.22 ± 0.06 to 0.87 ± 0.07 mg and was negatively associated with the WLR. This association indicates that the increase in internal metabolic water was mediated by lipid catabolism. Stable isotope analysis results revealed that the Paederus beetles shifted their diet to carbohydrate-rich plants when the saturation deficit increased and the associated WLR reached its peak; otherwise, they consumed a high amount of staple carbohydrate-poor herbivore prey. The accumulation of energy reserves in the form of lipids through seasonal dietary shifts may exert major effects on the survival and population success of mesic-adapted Paederus beetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Jin Bong
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd. South District, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Wang
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd. South District, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Satomi Shiodera
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan; Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 46 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi F Haraguchi
- Biodiversity Research Center, Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture, 10-4 Koyamotomachi, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-0088, Japan
| | - Masayuki Itoh
- School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Shin-zaike, Himeji, Hyogo, 670-0092, Japan
| | - Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd. South District, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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27
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Rockinger U, Funk M, Winter G. Current Approaches of Preservation of Cells During (freeze-) Drying. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:2873-2893. [PMID: 33933434 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The widespread application of therapeutic cells requires a successful stabilization of cells for the duration of transport and storage. Cryopreservation is currently considered the gold standard for the storage of active cells; however, (freeze-) drying cells could enable higher shelf life stability at ambient temperatures and facilitate easier transport and storage. During (freeze-) drying, freezing, (primary and secondary) drying and also the reconstitution step pose the risk of potential cell damage. To prevent these damaging processes, a wide range of protecting excipients has emerged, which can be classified, according to their chemical affiliation, into sugars, macromolecules, polyols, antioxidants and chelating agents. As many excipients cannot easily permeate the cell membrane, researchers have established various techniques to introduce especially trehalose intracellularly, prior to drying. This review aims to summarize the main damaging mechanisms during (freeze-) drying and to introduce the most common excipients with further details on their stabilizing properties and process approaches for the intracellular loading of excipients. Additionally, we would like to briefly explain recently discovered advantages of drying microorganisms, sperm, platelets, red blood cells, and eukaryotic cells, paying particular attention to the drying technique and residual moisture content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Rockinger
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Munich, Germany.
| | - Martin Funk
- QRSKIN GmbH, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Winter
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Munich, Germany
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28
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Camisasca G, De Marzio M, Gallo P. Effect of trehalose on protein cryoprotection: Insights into the mechanism of slowing down of hydration water. J Chem Phys 2021; 153:224503. [PMID: 33317300 DOI: 10.1063/5.0033526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We study, with molecular dynamics simulations, a lysozyme protein immersed in a water-trehalose solution upon cooling. The aim is to understand the cryoprotectant role played by this disaccharide through the modifications that it induces on the slow dynamics of protein hydration water with its presence. The α-relaxation shows a fragile to strong crossover about 20° higher than that in the bulk water phase and 15° higher than that in lysozyme hydration water without trehalose. The protein hydration water without trehalose was found to show a second slower relaxation exhibiting a strong to strong crossover coupled with the protein dynamical transition. This slower relaxation time importantly appears enormously slowed down in our cryoprotectant solution. On the other hand, this long-relaxation in the presence of trehalose is also connected with a stronger damping of the protein structural fluctuations than that found when the protein is in contact with the pure hydration water. Therefore, this appears to be the mechanism through which trehalose manifests its cryoprotecting function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Camisasca
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Margherita De Marzio
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Gallo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
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Huang J, Guo J, Zhou L, Zheng G, Cao J, Li Z, Zhou Z, Lei Q, Brinker CJ, Zhu W. Advanced Nanomaterials-Assisted Cell Cryopreservation: A Mini Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2996-3014. [PMID: 35014388 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell cryopreservation is of vital significance both for transporting and storing cells before experimental/clinical use. Cryoprotectants (CPAs) are necessary additives in the preserving medium in cryopreservation, preventing cells from freeze-thaw injuries. Traditional organic solvents have been widely used in cell cryopreservation for decades. Given the obvious damage to cells due to their undesirable cytotoxicity and the burdensome post-thaw washing cycles before use, traditional CPAs are more and more likely to be replaced by modern ones with lower toxicity, less processing, and higher efficiency. As materials science thrives, nanomaterials are emerging to serve as potent vehicles for delivering nontoxic CPAs or inherent CPAs comparable to or even superior to conventional ones. This review will introduce some advanced nanomaterials (e.g., organic/inorganic nanoCPAs, nanodelivery systems) utilized for cell cryopreservation, providing broader insights into this developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junda Huang
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jimin Guo
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Liang Zhou
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guansheng Zheng
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiangfan Cao
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Li
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Zhou
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Lei
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - C Jeffrey Brinker
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Wei Zhu
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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Giovannelli L, Milanesi A, Ugazio E, Fracchia L, Segale L. Effect of Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin and Trehalose on the Freeze-Drying and Spray-Drying of Sericin for Cosmetic Purposes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030262. [PMID: 33803976 PMCID: PMC7999129 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sericin is a protein extracted from Bombyx mori silk cocoons. Over the last decade, this wastewater product of the textile industry has shown many interesting biological properties. This protein is widely used in the cosmetic and biomedical fields. In this study, sericin has been obtained via a High–Temperature High–Pressure degumming process, and was dried using the freeze–drying (fd) and spray–drying (sd) techniques. Proteins tend to collapse during drying, hence, sericin has been dried in the presence of two selected carrier agents: methyl–β–cyclodextrin and trehalose. The obtained powders have been analyzed using thermal investigation, microscopy (optical, SEM), and granulometric and spectroscopic analyses. Moreover, the percentage yield of the spray–drying process has been calculated. Both the agents were able to significantly improve the drying process, without altering the physico–chemical properties of the protein. In particular, the co–spray–drying of sericin with methyl–β–cyclodextrin and trehalose gave good process yields and furnished a powder with low moisture content and handling properties that are better than those of the other studied dried products. These characteristics seem to be appropriate and fruitful for the manufacturing of cosmetic raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Giovannelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Milanesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Elena Ugazio
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Università di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Letizia Fracchia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Lorena Segale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.); (L.S.)
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31
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Simončič M, Lukšič M. Mechanistic differences in the effects of sucrose and sucralose on the phase stability of lysozyme solutions. J Mol Liq 2021; 326. [PMID: 35082450 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of two disaccharide analogues, sucrose and sucralose, on the phase stability of aqueous lysozyme solutions has been addressed from a mechanistic viewpoint by a combination of experiment and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The influence of the added low molecular weight salts (NaBr, NaI and NaNO3) was considered as well. The cloud-point temperature measurements revealed a larger stabilizing effect of sucralose. Upon increasing sugar concentration, the protein solutions became more stable and differences in the effect of sucralose and sucrose amplified. It was confirmed that the addition of either of the two sugars imposed no secondary structure changes of the lysozyme. Enthalpies of lysozyme-sugar mixing were exothermic and a larger effect was recorded for sucralose. MD simulations indicated that acidic, basic and polar amino acid residues play predominant roles in the sugar-protein interactions, mainly through hydrogen bonding. Such sugar mediated protein-protein interactions are thought to be responsible for the biopreserative nature of sugars. Our observations hint at mechanistic differences in sugar-lysozyme interactions: while sucrose does not interact directly with the protein's surface for the most part (in line with the preferential hydration hypothesis), sucralose forms hydrogen bonds with acidic, basic and polar amino acid residues at the lysozyme's surface (in line with the water replacement hypothesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Simončič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miha Lukšič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Mamedov MD, Milanovsky GE, Malferrari M, Vitukhnovskaya LA, Francia F, Semenov AY, Venturoli G. Trehalose matrix effects on electron transfer in Mn-depleted protein-pigment complexes of Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148413. [PMID: 33716033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of flash-induced re-reduction of the Photosystem II (PS II) primary electron donor P680 was studied in solution and in trehalose glassy matrices at different relative humidity. In solution, and in the re-dissolved glass, kinetics were dominated by two fast components with lifetimes in the range of 2-7 μs, which accounted for >85% of the decay. These components were ascribed to the direct electron transfer from the redox-active tyrosine YZ to P680+. The minor slower components were due to charge recombination between the primary plastoquinone acceptor QA- and P680+. Incorporation of the PS II complex into the trehalose glassy matrix and its successive dehydration caused a progressive increase in the lifetime of all kinetic phases, accompanied by an increase of the amplitudes of the slower phases at the expense of the faster phases. At 63% relative humidity the fast components contribution dropped to ~50%. A further dehydration of the trehalose glass did not change the lifetimes and contribution of the kinetic components. This effect was ascribed to the decrease of conformational mobility of the protein domain between YZ and P680, which resulted in the inhibition of YZ → P680+ electron transfer in about half of the PS II population, wherein the recombination between QA- and P680+ occurred. The data indicate that PS II binds a larger number of water molecules as compared to PS I complexes. We conclude that our data disprove the "water replacement" hypothesis of trehalose matrix biopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir D Mamedov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia
| | - Georgy E Milanovsky
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia
| | - Marco Malferrari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, Italy
| | - Liya A Vitukhnovskaya
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia; N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Kosygina Street, 4, b.1, Russia
| | - Francesco Francia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, Italy
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Leninskye gory, 1, b.40, Russia; N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Kosygina Street, 4, b.1, Russia.
| | - Giovanni Venturoli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia, CNISM, c/o Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", DIFA, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 46, Italy.
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Trehalose Restrains the Fibril Load towards α-Lactalbumin Aggregation and Halts Fibrillation in a Concentration-Dependent Manner. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030414. [PMID: 33799517 PMCID: PMC8001226 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation and misfolding are some of the most challenging obstacles, customarily studied for their association with amyloid pathologies. The mechanism of amyloid fibrillation development is a dynamic phenomenon involving various factors such as the intrinsic properties of protein and the physical and chemical environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to see the thermal aggregation profile of alpha-lactalbumin (α-LA) and to delineate the effect of trehalose on its aggregation profile. α-LA was subjected to thermal aggregation at high concentrations. UV-Vis spectroscopy, a turbidity assay, intrinsic fluorescence, Rayleigh scattering and a thioflavin T (ThT) assay explained the steady outcomes that 1 M trehalose repressed α-LA aggregation in the most effective way followed by 0.75 M and 0.5 M and to a significantly lesser degree by 0.25 M. Multi spectroscopic obser Sania Bashir ations were further entrenched by microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that in the presence of its higher concentration, trehalose hinders fibril development in α-LA. In vitro studies were further validated by in silico studies. Molecular docking analysis indicated that trehalose occupied the binding pocket cavity of α-LA and offered several significant interactions, including H-bonds with important residues. This study provides a platform for trehalose in the therapeutic management of protein aggregation-related diseases.
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Giuffrida S, Cupane A, Cottone G. "Water Association" Band in Saccharide Amorphous Matrices: Role of Residual Water on Bioprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2496. [PMID: 33801421 PMCID: PMC7958616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharides protect biostructures against adverse environmental conditions mainly by preventing large scale motions leading to unfolding. The efficiency of this molecular mechanism, which is higher in trehalose with respect to other sugars, strongly depends on hydration and sugar/protein ratio. Here we report an Infrared Spectroscopy study on dry amorphous matrices of the disaccharides trehalose, maltose, sucrose and lactose, and the trisaccharide raffinose. Samples with and without embedded protein (Myoglobin) are investigated at different sugar/protein ratios, and compared. To inspect matrix properties we analyse the Water Association Band (WAB), and carefully decompose it into sub-bands, since their relative population has been shown to effectively probe water structure and dynamics in different matrices. In this work the analysis is extended to investigate the structure of protein-sugar-water samples, for the first time. Results show that several classes of water molecules can be identified in the protein and sugar environment and that their relative population is dependent on the type of sugar and, most important, on the sugar/protein ratio. This gives relevant information on how the molecular interplay between residual waters, sugar and protein molecules affect the biopreserving properties of saccharides matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Giuffrida
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (G.C.); Tel.: +39-06-5024-4070 (S.G.); +39-091-238-91713 (G.C.)
| | | | - Grazia Cottone
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Emilio Segrè, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 17-18, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
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35
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Weng L. Technologies and Applications Toward Preservation of Cells in a Dry State for Therapies. Biopreserv Biobank 2021; 19:332-341. [PMID: 33493407 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2020.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapeutics promise to transform the treatment of a wide range of diseases, many of which, up to this point, are incurable. During the past decade, an increasing number of cell therapies have been approved by government regulatory agencies in the United States, Europe, and Japan. Thousands of clinical trials based on live cell therapies are now taking place around the world. But most of these live cell therapies face temporal and/or spatial distances between manufacture and administration, posing a risk of degradation in potency. Cryopreservation has become the predominant biobanking approach to maintain the product's safety and efficacy during transportation and storage. However, the necessity of cryogenic shipment and storage could limit patient access to these emerging therapies and increase the costs of logistics. In the (bio)pharmaceutical industries, freeze-drying and desiccation are established preservation procedures for manufacturing small molecule drugs, liposomes, and monoclonal antibodies. Over the past two decades, there has been a growing body of research exploring the freeze-drying or drying of mammalian cells, with varying degrees of success. This article provides an overview of the technologies that were adopted or developed in these pioneering studies, paving the road toward the preservation of cell-based therapeutics in a dry state for biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindong Weng
- Sana Biotechnology, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
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36
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Shen L, Guo X, Ouyang X, Huang Y, Gao D, Zhao G. Fine-tuned dehydration by trehalose enables the cryopreservation of RBCs with unusually low concentrations of glycerol. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:295-306. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02426k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We regulated the amount of trehalose and combined it with glycerol to achieve unusually low glycerol concentrations in the cryopreservation of RBCs compared with traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Shen
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230027
- China
| | | | - Xilin Ouyang
- The Fourth Medical Center
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100089
- China
| | - Yu Huang
- Clinic Medical College of Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230601
- China
| | - Dayong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230027
- China
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37
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English MM, Scrosati PM, Aquino AJ, McSweeney MB, Gulam Razul MS. Novel carbohydrate blend enhances chemical and sensory properties of lobster (Homarus americanus) after one-year frozen storage. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109697. [PMID: 33233271 PMCID: PMC7501059 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has previously been shown that a novel blend of carbohydrates could preserve lobster meat after 6 months of frozen storage. Increased year-round demand for high-quality lobster may make selling to the frozen seafood market an unintended option for some fishermen. Yet, the chemical and sensory changes that occur in lobster meat after one-year frozen storage in this cryoprotectant blend is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical and sensory characteristics of lobster frozen in five different solutions: solution-1 (water); solution-2 (water + NaCl + STPP, sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5%); solution-3 (water + NaCl + carbohydrate blend); solution-4 (water + NaCl + STPP, 0.25% + carbohydrate blend), and solution-5 (water + NaCl + STPP, 0.5% + carbohydrate blend). No difference (P > 0.05) existed among the treatments with regard to Malondialdehyde levels as a measure of lipid oxidation. Lobster frozen in the cryoprotectant showed increased tenderness, compared to the control which was frozen in water. The lobster meat treated with a combination of the carbohydrate blend and STPP had lower (P < 0.05) moisture content than the control. In addition, consumers preferred (P < 0.05) lobster frozen in the novel cryoprotectant blend and STPP with respect to flavour, texture, and overall acceptability compared to the control. Penalty analysis revealed that overall liking scores were positively associated with the attributes moist and sweet. In conclusion, the combination of the novel carbohydrate blend and STPP enhanced the sensory quality and the chemical properties of frozen lobster, which in turn extended the shelf-life of these products. These findings may have wide implications for the long-term preservation of frozen lobster meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia M English
- Department of Human Nutrition, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Pablo M Scrosati
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Anthony J Aquino
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Matthew B McSweeney
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - M S Gulam Razul
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada
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38
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Renzetti S, van den Hoek IA, van der Sman RG. Amino acids, polyols and soluble fibres as sugar replacers in bakery applications: Egg white proteins denaturation controlled by hydrogen bond density of solutions. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Hibshman JD, Clegg JS, Goldstein B. Mechanisms of Desiccation Tolerance: Themes and Variations in Brine Shrimp, Roundworms, and Tardigrades. Front Physiol 2020; 11:592016. [PMID: 33192606 PMCID: PMC7649794 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.592016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Water is critical for the survival of most cells and organisms. Remarkably, a small number of multicellular animals are able to survive nearly complete drying. The phenomenon of anhydrobiosis, or life without water, has been of interest to researchers for over 300 years. In this review we discuss advances in our understanding of protectants and mechanisms of desiccation tolerance that have emerged from research in three anhydrobiotic invertebrates: brine shrimp (Artemia), roundworms (nematodes), and tardigrades (water bears). Discovery of molecular protectants that allow each of these three animals to survive drying diversifies our understanding of desiccation tolerance, and convergent themes suggest mechanisms that may offer a general model for engineering desiccation tolerance in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Hibshman
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - James S. Clegg
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Bob Goldstein
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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40
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Okazaki T, Koga N. Physico-Geometrical Interpretation of the Kinetic Behavior of the Thermal Dehydration of β-Maltose Monohydrate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Okazaki
- Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8524, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Koga
- Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8524, Japan
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41
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Selection of Cryoprotectant in Lyophilization of Progesterone-Loaded Stearic Acid Solid Lipid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090892. [PMID: 32961738 PMCID: PMC7560102 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryoprotectants are often required in lyophilization to reduce or eliminate agglomeration of solute or suspended materials. The aim of this study was to select a cryoprotecting agent and optimize its concentration in a solid lipid nanoparticle formulation. Progesterone-loaded stearic acid solid lipid nanoparticles (SA-P SLNs) were prepared by hot homogenization with high speed mixing and sonication. The stearic acid content was 4.6% w/w and progesterone was 0.46% w/w of the initial formulation. Multiple surfactants were evaluated, and a lecithin and sodium taurocholate system was chosen. Three concentrations of surfactant were then evaluated, and a concentration of 2% w/w was chosen based on particle size, polydispersity, and zeta potential. Agglomeration of SA-P SLNs after lyophilization was observed as measured by increased particle size. Dextran, glycine, mannitol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sorbitol, and trehalose were evaluated as cryoprotectants by both an initial freeze–thaw analysis and after lyophilization. Once selected as the cryoprotectant, trehalose was evaluated at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% for optimal concentration, with 20% trehalose being finally selected as the level of choice. Evaluation by DSC confirmed intimate interaction between stearic acid and progesterone in the SA-P SLNs, and polarized light microscopy shows successful lyophilization of the trehalose/SA-P SLN. A short term 28-day stability study suggests the need for refrigeration of the final lyophilized SA-P SLNs in moisture vapor impermeable packaging.
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42
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Yoshida K, Ono F, Chouno T, Perocho BR, Ikegami Y, Shirakigawa N, Ijima H. Cryoprotective enhancing effect of very low concentration of trehalose on the functions of primary rat hepatocytes. Regen Ther 2020; 15:173-179. [PMID: 33426216 PMCID: PMC7770350 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cells have various applications in biomedical research. Cryopreservation is a cell-preservation technique that provides cells for such applications. After cryopreservation, sensitive cells, such as primary hepatocytes, suffer from low viability due to the physical damage caused by ice crystals, highlighting the need for better methods of cryopreservation to improve cell viability. Given the importance of effectively suppressing ice crystal formation to protect cellular structure, trehalose has attracted attention as cryoprotectant based on its ability to inhibit ice crystal formation; however, trehalose induces osmotic stress. Therefore, to establish a cell-cryopreservation technique, it is necessary to provide an optimal balance between the protective and damaging effects of trehalose. Methods In this study, we evaluated the effects of osmotic stress and ice crystal formation on the viability and function of primary rat hepatocytes at wide range of trehalose concentration. Results There was no osmotic stress at very low concentrations (2.6 μM) of trehalose, and 2.6 μM trehalose drives the formation of finer ice crystals, which are less damaging to the cell membrane. Furthermore, we found that the number of viable hepatocytes after cryopreservation were 70% higher under the 2.6 μM trehalose-supplemented conditions than under the dimethyl sulfoxide-supplemented conditions. Moreover, non-cryopreserved cells and cells cryopreserved with trehalose showed comparable intracellular dehydrogenase activity. Conclusions We showed that trehalose at very low concentrations (2.6 μM) improved dramatically viability and liver function of hepatocyte after cryopreservation. Very low concentration of trehalose could suppress ice crystal formation and protect cell structure. There was a correlation between osmotic pressure of trehalose and hepatocytes viability. Very low concentration of trehalose improved viability and liver function of hepatocyte after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozue Yoshida
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumiyasu Ono
- Global Innovation Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Industry-Academia Symphonicity 4-1, Kyudai-Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 819-0388, Japan
| | - Takehiro Chouno
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Bual Ronald Perocho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, College of Engineering, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, A. Bonifacio Avenue, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200 Philippines
| | - Yasuhiro Ikegami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Nana Shirakigawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ijima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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43
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Toniolo SP, Afkhami S, D'Agostino MR, Lichty BD, Cranston ED, Xing Z, Thompson MR. Spray dried VSV-vectored vaccine is thermally stable and immunologically active in vivo. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13349. [PMID: 32770018 PMCID: PMC7414861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective vaccine delivery and coverage to rural and resource-poor countries is hindered by the dependence on cold chain storage. As such, developments of cold chain-free technologies are highly sought. Although spray dried adenoviral vectors have shown long term stability at ambient temperatures and relatively low humidity, it remains to be determined whether similar excipient formulations are applicable to other viral vectors. To address this, we have spray dried vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-vectors with a panel of well-characterized sugar excipients to determine the optimal formulation for vector stabilization. Upon reconstitution, we show that trehalose conferred superior stability of VSV both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, following cold chain-free storage at elevated temperatures at 37 °C for 15 days, we show that a VSV-vectored vaccine retains its in vivo immunogenicity, whereas a liquid control completely lost its immune-stimulating ability. Our results provide foundational evidence that spray drying with properly tested excipients can stabilize viral vectors such as VSV, allowing them to be stored long-term at elevated temperatures without dependency on cold chain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Toniolo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sam Afkhami
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michael R D'Agostino
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Brian D Lichty
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zhou Xing
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michael R Thompson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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44
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Khodajou-Masouleh H, Shahangian SS, Attar F, H Sajedi R, Rasti B. Characteristics, dynamics and mechanisms of actions of some major stress-induced biomacromolecules; addressing Artemia as an excellent biological model. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:5619-5637. [PMID: 32734830 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1796793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Stress tolerance is one of the most prominent and interesting topics in biology since many macro- and micro-adaptations have evolved in resistant organisms that are worth studying. When it comes to confronting various environmental stressors, the extremophile Artemia is unrivaled in the animal kingdom. In the present review, the evolved molecular and cellular basis of stress tolerance in resistant biological systems are described, focusing on Artemia cyst as an excellent biological model. The main purpose of the review is to discuss how the structure and physicochemical characteristics of protective factors such as late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEAPs), small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) and trehalose are related to their functions and by which mechanisms, they exert their functions. In addition, some metabolic depressors in Artemia encysted embryos are also mentioned, indirectly playing important roles in stress tolerance. Importantly, a great deal of attention is given to the LEAPs, exhibiting distinctive folding behaviors and mechanisms of actions. For instance, molecular shield function, chaperone-like activity, moonlighting property, sponging and snorkeling capabilities of the LEAPs are delineated here. Moreover, the molecular interplay between some of these factors is mentioned, leading to their synergistic effects. Interestingly, Artemia life cycle adapts to environmental conditions. Diapause is the defense mode of this life cycle, safeguarding Artemia encysted embryos against various environmental stressors. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Shirin Shahangian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Attar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Food Industry & Agriculture, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza H Sajedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Rasti
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Lahijan, Guilan, Iran
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45
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Abstract
![]()
The
two sugar molecules sucrose and trehalose are both considered
as stabilizing molecules for the purpose of preserving biological
materials during, for example, lyophilization or cryo-preservation.
Although these molecules share a similar molecular structure, there
are several important differences in their properties when they interact
with water, such as differences in solubility, viscosity, and glass
transition temperature. In general, trehalose has been shown to be
more efficient than other sugar molecules in preserving different
biological molecules against stress, and thus by investigating how
these two disaccharides differ in their water interaction, it is possible
to further understand what makes trehalose special in its stabilizing
properties. For this purpose, the structure of aqueous solutions of
these disaccharides was studied by using neutron and X-ray diffraction
in combination with empirical potential structure refinement (EPSR)
modeling. The results show that there are surprisingly few differences
in the overall structure of the solutions, although there are indications
for that trehalose perturbs the water structure slightly more than
sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Olsson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan Swenson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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46
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Olgenblum GI, Sapir L, Harries D. Properties of Aqueous Trehalose Mixtures: Glass Transition and Hydrogen Bonding. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:1249-1262. [PMID: 31917927 PMCID: PMC7467637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a naturally occurring disaccharide known to remarkably stabilize biomacromolecules in the biologically active state. The stabilizing effect is typically observed over a large concentration range and affects many macromolecules including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Of special interest is the transition from aqueous solution to the dense and highly concentrated glassy state of trehalose that has been implicated in bioadaptation of different organisms toward desiccation stress. Although several mechanisms have been suggested to link the structure of the low water content glass with its action as an exceptional stabilizer, studies are ongoing to resolve which are most pertinent. Specifically, the role that hydrogen bonding plays in the formation of the glass is not well resolved. Here we model aqueous trehalose mixtures over a wide concentration range, using molecular dynamics simulations with two available force fields. Both force fields indicate glass transition temperatures and osmotic pressures that are close to experimental values, particularly at high trehalose contents. We develop and employ a methodology that allows us to analyze the thermodynamics of hydrogen bonds in simulations at different water contents and temperatures. Remarkably, this analysis is able to link the liquid to glass transition with changes in hydrogen bond characteristics. Most notably, the onset of the glassy state can be quantitatively related to the transition from weakly to strongly correlated hydrogen bonds. Our findings should help resolve the properties of the glass and the mechanisms of its formation in the presence of added macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil I Olgenblum
- Institute of Chemistry, the Fritz Haber Research Center, and the Harvey M. Kruger Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 9190401 , Israel
| | - Liel Sapir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Daniel Harries
- Institute of Chemistry, the Fritz Haber Research Center, and the Harvey M. Kruger Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 9190401 , Israel
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47
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Barroso da Silva FL, Carloni P, Cheung D, Cottone G, Donnini S, Foegeding EA, Gulzar M, Jacquier JC, Lobaskin V, MacKernan D, Mohammad Hosseini Naveh Z, Radhakrishnan R, Santiso EE. Understanding and Controlling Food Protein Structure and Function in Foods: Perspectives from Experiments and Computer Simulations. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:365-387. [PMID: 31951485 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The structure and interactions of proteins play a critical role in determining the quality attributes of many foods, beverages, and pharmaceutical products. Incorporating a multiscale understanding of the structure-function relationships of proteins can provide greater insight into, and control of, the relevant processes at play. Combining data from experimental measurements, human sensory panels, and computer simulations through machine learning allows the construction of statistical models relating nanoscale properties of proteins to the physicochemical properties, physiological outcomes, and tastes of foods. This review highlights several examples of advanced computer simulations at molecular, mesoscale, and multiscale levels that shed light on the mechanisms at play in foods, thereby facilitating their control. It includes a practical simulation toolbox for those new to in silico modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Luís Barroso da Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, BR-14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paolo Carloni
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine (IAS-5/INM-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - David Cheung
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Grazia Cottone
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Donnini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä 40014, Finland
| | - E Allen Foegeding
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Muhammad Gulzar
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | | | - Donal MacKernan
- UCD School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Ravi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Erik E Santiso
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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48
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Stewart S, Jiang B, Ou W, Zhao G, He X. Cold-Responsive Nanoparticle Enables Intracellular Delivery and Rapid Release of Trehalose for Organic-Solvent-Free Cryopreservation. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:9051-9061. [PMID: 31680526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cryopreservation of mammalian cells requires the use of toxic organic solvents (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide) as cryoprotectants. Consequently, the cryopreserved cells must undergo a tedious washing procedure to remove the organic solvents for their further applications in cell-based medicine, and many of the precious cells may be lost or killed during the procedure. Trehalose has been explored as a nontoxic alternative to traditional cryoprotectants. However, mammalian cells do not synthesize trehalose or express trehalose transporters in their membranes, and the lack of an approach for the efficient intracellular delivery of trehalose has been a major hurdle for its use in cell cryopreservation. In this study, a cold-responsive polymer (poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl acrylate)) is utilized to synthesize nanoparticles for the encapsulation and intracellular delivery of trehalose. The trehalose-laden nanoparticles can be efficiently taken up by mammalian cells. The nanoparticles quickly and irreversibly disassemble upon cold treatment, enabling the controlled and rapid release of trehalose from the nanoparticles inside cells. The latter is confirmed by an evident increase in cell volume upon cold treatment. This rapid cold-triggered intracellular release of trehalose is crucial to developing a fast protocol to cryopreserve cells using trehalose. Cells with intracellular trehalose delivered using the nanoparticles show comparable postcryopreservation viability compared to that of cells treated with DMSO, eliminating the need for the tedious and cell-damaging washing procedure required for using the DMSO-cryopreserved cells in vivo. This cold-responsive nanoparticle may greatly facilitate the use of trehalose as a nontoxic cryoprotectant for banking cells and tissues to meet their high demand by modern cell-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Zhang
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | | | | | | | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , China
| | - Xiaoming He
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of Maryland , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
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49
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Katyal N, Deep S. A computational approach to get insights into multiple faces of additives in modulation of protein aggregation pathways. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:24269-24285. [PMID: 31670327 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03763b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An enormous population worldwide is presently confronted with debilitating neurodegenerative diseases. The etiology of the disease is connected to protein aggregation and the events involved therein. Thus, a complete understanding of an inhibitor at different stages in the process is imperative for the formulation of a drug molecule. This review presents a detailed summary of the current status of different cosolvents. It further develops how the complex aggregation pathway can be simplified into three steps common to all proteins and the way computer simulations can be exploited to gain insights into the ways by which known inhibitors can affect all these stages. Computation of theoretical parameters in this regard and their correlation with experimental techniques is accentuated. In addition to providing an outline of the scope of different additives, this review showcases the way by which the problem of analyzing an effect of an additive can be addressed effectively via MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Katyal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, Delhi, India.
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50
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Bachler J, Handle PH, Giovambattista N, Loerting T. Glass polymorphism and liquid-liquid phase transition in aqueous solutions: experiments and computer simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23238-23268. [PMID: 31556899 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02953b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the most intriguing anomalies of water is its ability to exist as distinct amorphous ice forms (glass polymorphism or polyamorphism). This resonates well with the possible first-order liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) in the supercooled state, where ice is the stable phase. In this Perspective, we review experiments and computer simulations that search for LLPT and polyamorphism in aqueous solutions containing salts and alcohols. Most studies on ionic solutes are devoted to NaCl and LiCl; studies on alcohols have mainly focused on glycerol. Less attention has been paid to protein solutions and hydrophobic solutes, even though they reveal promising avenues. While all solutions show polyamorphism and an LLPT only in dilute, sub-eutectic mixtures, there are differences regarding the nature of the transition. Isocompositional transitions for varying mole fractions are observed in alcohol but not in ionic solutions. This is because water can surround alcohol molecules either in a low- or high-density configuration whereas for ionic solutes, the water ion hydration shell is forced into high-density structures. Consequently, the polyamorphic transition and the LLPT are prevented near the ions, but take place in patches of water within the solutions. We highlight discrepancies and different interpretations within the experimental community as well as the key challenges that need consideration when comparing experiments and simulations. We point out where reinterpretation of past studies helps to draw a unified, consistent picture. In addition to the literature review, we provide original experimental results. A list of eleven open questions that need further consideration is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bachler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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