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Li P, Li K, Sun S, Chen C, Wang BG. Construction, characterization, and growth mechanism of high-density jellyfish-like GaN/SiOxNy nanomaterials on p-Si substrate by Au-assisted chemical vapor deposition approach. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00317g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High-density GaN/SiOxNy jellyfish-like nanomaterials are synthesized on Au-coated p-type Si substrates by a chemical vapor deposition approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkun Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Fuzhou
| | - Kang Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Fuzhou
| | - Shujing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Fuzhou
| | - Chenlong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Fuzhou
| | - B. G. Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Fuzhou
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2
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Liu Y, Rahimian A, Krylyuk S, Vu T, Crulhas B, Stybayeva G, Imanbekova M, Shin DS, Davydov A, Revzin A. Nanowire Aptasensors for Electrochemical Detection of Cell-Secreted Cytokines. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1644-1652. [PMID: 28991491 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are small proteins secreted by immune cells in response to pathogens/infections; therefore, these proteins can be used in diagnosing infectious diseases. For example, release of a cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ from T-cells is used for blood-based diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Our lab has previously developed an atpamer-based electrochemical biosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of IFN-γ. In this study, we explored the use of silicon nanowires (NWs) as a way to create nanostructured electrodes with enhanced sensitivity for IFN-γ. Si NWs were covered with gold and were further functionalized with thiolated aptamers specific for IFN-γ. Aptamer molecules were designed to form a hairpin and in addition to terminal thiol groups contained redox reporter molecules methylene blue. Binding of analyte to aptamer-modified NWs (termed here nanowire aptasensors) inhibited electron transfer from redox reporters to the electrode and caused electrochemical redox signal to decrease. In a series of experiments we demonstrate that NW aptasensors responded 3× faster and were 2× more sensitive to IFN-γ compared to standard flat electrodes. Most significantly, NW aptasensors allowed detection of IFN-γ from as few as 150 T-cells/mL while ELISA did not pick up signal from the same number of cells. One of the challenges faced by ELISA-based TB diagnostics is poor performance in patients whose T-cell numbers are low, typically HIV patients. Therefore, NW aptasensors developed here may be used in the future for more sensitive monitoring of IFN-γ responses in patients coinfected with HIV/TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ali Rahimian
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Sergiy Krylyuk
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Tam Vu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruno Crulhas
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- National Center for Biotechnology of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Meruyert Imanbekova
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- National Center for Biotechnology of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Dong-Sik Shin
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Albert Davydov
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
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3
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Zimmerman JF, Murray GF, Wang Y, Jumper JM, Austin JR, Tian B. Free-Standing Kinked Silicon Nanowires for Probing Inter- and Intracellular Force Dynamics. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5492-8. [PMID: 26192816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) have emerged as a new class of materials with important applications in biology and medicine with current efforts having focused primarily on using substrate bound SiNW devices. However, developing devices capable of free-standing inter- and intracellular operation is an important next step in designing new synthetic cellular materials and tools for biophysical characterization. To demonstrate this, here we show that label free SiNWs can be internalized in multiple cell lines, forming robust cytoskeletal interfaces, and when kinked can serve as free-standing inter- and intracellular force probes capable of continuous extended (>1 h) force monitoring. Our results show that intercellular interactions exhibit ratcheting like behavior with force peaks of ∼69.6 pN/SiNW, while intracellular force peaks of ∼116.9 pN/SiNW were recorded during smooth muscle contraction. To accomplish this, we have introduced a simple single-capture dark-field/phase contrast optical imaging modality, scatter enhanced phase contrast (SEPC), which enables the simultaneous visualization of both cellular components and inorganic nanostructures. This approach demonstrates that rationally designed devices capable of substrate-independent operation are achievable, providing a simple and scalable method for continuous inter- and intracellular force dynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Zimmerman
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Graeme F Murray
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yucai Wang
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - John M Jumper
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jotham R Austin
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bozhi Tian
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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4
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Kafshgari MH, Voelcker NH, Harding FJ. Applications of zero-valent silicon nanostructures in biomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2553-71. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zero-valent, or elemental, silicon nanostructures exhibit a number of properties that render them attractive for applications in nanomedicine. These materials hold significant promise for improving existing diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. This review summarizes some of the essential aspects of the fabrication techniques used to generate these fascinating nanostructures, comparing their material properties and suitability for biomedical applications. We examine the literature in regards to toxicity, biocompatibility and biodistribution of silicon nanoparticles, nanowires and nanotubes, with an emphasis on surface modification and its influence on cell adhesion and endocytosis. In the final part of this review, our attention is focused on current applications of the fabricated silicon nanostructures in nanomedicine, specifically examining drug and gene delivery, bioimaging and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Frances J Harding
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
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5
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Ha Q, Yang G, Ao Z, Han D, Niu F, Wang S. Rapid fibroblast activation in mammalian cells induced by silicon nanowire arrays. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:8318-8325. [PMID: 24932860 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01415d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Activated tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) with abundant fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression attract tremendous attention in tumor progression studies. In this work, we report a rapid 24 h FAP activation method for fibroblasts using silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as culture substrates instead of growth factors or chemokines. In contrast with cells cultured on flat silicon which rarely express FAP, SiNW cultivated cells exhibit FAP levels similar to those found in cancerous tissue. We demonstrated that activated cells grown on SiNWs maintain their viability and proliferation in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) analysis clearly revealed that activated cells on SiNWs adapt to the structure of their substrates by filling inter-wire cavities via filopodia in contrast to cells cultured on flat silicon which spread freely. We further illustrated that the expression of FAP was rarely detected in activated cells after being re-cultured in Petri dishes, suggesting that the unique structure of SiNWs may have a certain influence on FAP activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ha
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Kaushik A, Kumar R, Huey E, Bhansali S, Nair N, Nanir M. Silica Nanowires: Growth, Integration, and Sensing Applications. Mikrochim Acta 2014; 181:1759-1780. [PMID: 25382871 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-014-1255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This review (with 129 refs.) gives an overview on how the integration of silica nanowires (NWs) into micro-scale devices has resulted, in recent years, in simple yet robust nano-instrumentation with improved performance in targeted application areas such as sensing. This has been achieved by the use of appropriate techniques such as di-electrophoresis and direct vapor-liquid-growth phenomena, to restrict the growth of NWs to site-specific locations. This also has eliminated the need for post-growth processing and enables nanostructures to be placed on pre-patterned substrates. Various kinds of NWs have been investigated to determine how their physical and chemical properties can be tuned for integration into sensing structures. NWs integrated onto interdigitated micro-electrodes have been applied to the determination of gases and biomarkers. The technique of directly growing NWs eliminates the need for their physical transfer and thus preserves their structure and performance, and further reduces the costs of fabrication. The biocompatibility of NWs also has been studied with respect to possible biological applications. This review addresses the challenges in growth and integration of NWs to understand related mechanism on biological contact or gas exposure and sensing performance for personalized health and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Kaushik
- Department of Immunology, College of medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199 USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Bio-MEMS and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33174, USA ; Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | - Eric Huey
- Bio-MEMS and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33174, USA
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- Bio-MEMS and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33174, USA
| | - Narayana Nair
- Department of Immunology, College of medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199 USA ; Department of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Weston, FL-33331, USA
| | - Madhavan Nanir
- Department of Immunology, College of medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199 USA
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7
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Abstract
Nanomedicine, the use of nanotechnology for biomedical applications, has potential to change the landscape of the diagnosis and therapy of many diseases. In the past several decades, the advancement in nanotechnology and material science has resulted in a large number of organic and inorganic nanomedicine platforms. Silica nanoparticles (NPs), which exhibit many unique properties, offer a promising drug delivery platform to realize the potential of nanomedicine. Mesoporous silica NPs have been extensively reviewed previously. Here we review the current state of the development and application of nonporous silica NPs for drug delivery and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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Wierzbicki R, Købler C, Jensen MRB, Łopacińska J, Schmidt MS, Skolimowski M, Abeille F, Qvortrup K, Mølhave K. Mapping the complex morphology of cell interactions with nanowire substrates using FIB-SEM. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53307. [PMID: 23326412 PMCID: PMC3541134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Using high resolution focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) we study the details of cell-nanostructure interactions using serial block face imaging. 3T3 Fibroblast cellular monolayers are cultured on flat glass as a control surface and on two types of nanostructured scaffold substrates made from silicon black (Nanograss) with low- and high nanowire density. After culturing for 72 hours the cells were fixed, heavy metal stained, embedded in resin, and processed with FIB-SEM block face imaging without removing the substrate. The sample preparation procedure, image acquisition and image post-processing were specifically optimised for cellular monolayers cultured on nanostructured substrates. Cells display a wide range of interactions with the nanostructures depending on the surface morphology, but also greatly varying from one cell to another on the same substrate, illustrating a wide phenotypic variability. Depending on the substrate and cell, we observe that cells could for instance: break the nanowires and engulf them, flatten the nanowires or simply reside on top of them. Given the complexity of interactions, we have categorised our observations and created an overview map. The results demonstrate that detailed nanoscale resolution images are required to begin understanding the wide variety of individual cells’ interactions with a structured substrate. The map will provide a framework for light microscopy studies of such interactions indicating what modes of interactions must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carsten Købler
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- DTU CEN, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabien Abeille
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Klaus Qvortrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CFIM, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Mølhave
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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9
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Sharma HS, Sharma A. Nanowired drug delivery for neuroprotection in central nervous system injuries: modulation by environmental temperature, intoxication of nanoparticles, and comorbidity factors. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 4:184-203. [PMID: 22162425 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in nanomedicine resulted in targeted drug delivery of active compounds into the central nervous system (CNS) either through encapsulated material or attached to nanowires. Nanodrug delivery by any means is supposed to enhance neuroprotection due to rapid accumulation of drugs within the target area and a slow metabolism of the compound. These two factors enhance neuroprotection than the conventions drug delivery. However, this is still uncertain whether nanodrug delivery could alter the pharmacokinetics of compounds making it more effective or just longer exposure of the compound for extended period of time is primarily responsible for enhanced effects of the drugs. Our laboratory is engaged in understanding of the nanodrug delivery using TiO(2) nanowires in CNS injuries models, for example, spinal cord injury (SCI), hyperthermia and/or intoxication of nanoparticles with or without other comorbidity factors, that is, diabetes or hypertension in rat models. Our observations suggest that nanowired drug delivery is effective under normal situation of SCI and hyperthermia as evidenced by significant reduction in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, brain edema formation, cognitive disturbances, neuronal damages, and brain pathologies. However, when the pathophysiology of these CNS injuries is aggravated by nanoparticles intoxication or comorbidity factors, adjustment in dosage of nanodrug delivery is needed. This indicates that further research in nanomedicine is needed to explore suitable strategies in achieving greater neuroprotection in CNS injury in combination with nanoparticles intoxication or other comorbidity factors for better clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Shanker Sharma
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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10
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Fubini B, Fenoglio I, Tomatis M, Turci F. Effect of chemical composition and state of the surface on the toxic response to high aspect ratio nanomaterials. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:899-920. [PMID: 21793679 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials often act as a double sword. On the one hand they offer exceptional new properties, but on the other hand show signs of toxicity. High aspect ratio nanomaterials (HARNs) cause more concern than isometric nanoparticles owing to their physical similarity with asbestos. Many compounds may be prepared in fibrous shape with nano-sized diameter differing one from the other in various ways. This article reports a comparative picture of the chemical features and related toxic responses to a variety of HARNs, namely carbon nanotubes, asbestos, carbon nanofibers, oxide and metal wires and rods. In spite of similarities in form, durability and several biological responses elicited in vitro and in vivo, carbon nanotubes - opposite to asbestos - quench radicals, are hydrophobic and may be fully purified from metal impurities. Most of the other HARNs produced so far are metal or metal oxide compounds, less biopersistent than carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bice Fubini
- Dip. Chimica IFM & G. Scansetti Interdepartmental Center for Studies on Asbestos & Other Toxic Particulates, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, Turin, Italy.
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11
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Julien DC, Richardson CC, Beaux MF, McIlroy DN, Hill RA. In vitro proliferating cell models to study cytotoxicity of silica nanowires. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 6:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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12
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Prina-Mello A, Whelan AM, Atzberger A, McCarthy JE, Byrne F, Davies GL, Coey JMD, Volkov Y, Gun'ko YK. Comparative flow cytometric analysis of immunofunctionalized nanowire and nanoparticle signatures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2010; 6:247-255. [PMID: 19941303 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200901014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry is one of the gold-standard techniques used in clinical medicine for quantitative immunoassaying. The continuous development of its probes, commonly fluorescent nanoparticles, is important. Lately, the introduction of quantitative multiplexed immunoassay has challenged the use of nanoparticles as probes. Functionalized fluorescent silica-based magnetic nanowires are investigated under flow cytometry as a novel probe category. The preparation and full characterization of these multimodal nanowires is reported and compared to those of silica-based magnetic nanoparticles by flow cytometry. Full characterization includes transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy imaging, flow cytometric assaying, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetization, and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements. This work shows that loaded silica nanowires have intrinsic geometrical advantages when compared to similar spherical particles due to their unique "flow cytometry fingerprint" when utilized as magnetic carriers for immunodetection applications. These advantages account for a 17% yield in detecting the functional binding between THP-1 and ICAM-1, by utilizing a much lower concentration than that required for the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriele Prina-Mello
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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13
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Adili A, Crowe S, Beaux MF, Cantrell T, Shapiro PJ, McIlroy DN, Gustin KE. Differential cytotoxicity exhibited by silica nanowires and nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390701843769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abulaiti Adili
- Departments of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Saskia Crowe
- Departments of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kurt E. Gustin
- Departments of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
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14
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Toxic and teratogenic silica nanowires in developing vertebrate embryos. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2009; 6:93-102. [PMID: 19447201 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Silica-based nanomaterials show promise for biomedical applications such as cell-selective drug delivery and bioimaging. They are easily functionalized, which allows for the conjugation or encapsulation of important biomolecules. Although recent in vitro studies suggested that silica-derived nanomaterials are nontoxic, in vivo studies of silica nanomaterial toxicity have not been performed. Using the embryonic zebrafish as a model system, we show that silica nanomaterials with aspect ratios greater than 1 are highly toxic (LD(50) = 110 pg/g embryo) and cause embryo deformities, whereas silica nanomaterials with an aspect ratio of 1 are neither toxic nor teratogenic at the same concentrations. Silica nanowires also interfere with neurulation and disrupt expression of sonic hedgehog, which encodes a key midline signaling factor. Our results demonstrate the need for further testing of nanomaterials before they can be used as platforms for drug delivery. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Silica-based nanomaterials show promise for biomedical applications such as cell-selective drug delivery and bioimaging. Using an embryonic zebrafish model system silica nanomaterials with aspect ratios greater than one were found to be highly toxic; whereas silica nanomaterials with an aspect ratio of one are neither toxic nor teratogenic. These results demonstrate the need for testing "nanomaterials" before they can be used as platforms for drug delivery.
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15
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Qi S, Yi C, Ji S, Fong CC, Yang M. Cell adhesion and spreading behavior on vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2009; 1:30-4. [PMID: 20355748 DOI: 10.1021/am800027d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we studied the interactions between biological cells and vertically aligned silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays and focused on how SiNW arrays affected cellular behaviors such as cell adhesion and spreading. We observed that SiNW arrays could support cell adhesion and growth and guide cell adhesion and spreading behaviors. The results also showed that SiNW arrays could not only enhance the cell-substrate adhesion force but also restrict cell spreading. Combining the results from scanning electron microscopy images of cell morphology and the expression analysis of genes and proteins related to cell adhesion and spreading process, we proposed a mechanism on how cell adhesion and spreading was controlled by arrayed SiNWs. The effects of SiNW arrays in guiding cell adhesion and spreading behavior might be useful in the development of cell microarrays, tissue engineering scaffolds, and molecule delivery vehicles in which strong cell-substrate adhesion and reduced cell-cell communication were beneficial.
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16
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Wu Y, Phillips JA, Liu H, Yang R, Tan W. Carbon nanotubes protect DNA strands during cellular delivery. ACS NANO 2008; 2:2023-8. [PMID: 19206447 PMCID: PMC2658617 DOI: 10.1021/nn800325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To protect against nuclease digestion, or single-strand binding protein interactions, oligonucleotides for targeted delivery into intracellular systems must be stable. To accomplish this, we have developed single-walled carbon nanotubes as a carrier for single-stranded DNA probe delivery. This has resulted in superior biostability for intracellular application and, hence, has achieved the desired protective attributes, which are particularly important when DNA probes are used for intracellular measurements. Specifically, when bound to single-walled carbon nanotubes, DNA probes are protected from enzymatic cleavage and interference from nucleic acid binding proteins. Moreover, and equally important, our study shows that a single-walled carbon nanotube-modified DNA probe, which targets a specific mRNA inside living cells, has increased self-delivery capability and intracellular biostability when compared to free DNA probes. Therefore, this new conjugate provides significant advantages for basic genomic studies in which DNA probes are used to monitor intracellular levels of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weihong Tan
- Corresponding Author Footnote: Phone and fax: 352-846-2410, E-mail:
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17
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Beaux MF, McIlroy DN, Gustin KE. Utilization of solid nanomaterials for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2008; 5:725-35. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.5.7.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Sharma HS. Nanoneuroscience: emerging concepts on nanoneurotoxicity and nanoneuroprotection. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2008; 2:753-8. [PMID: 18095842 DOI: 10.2217/17435889.2.6.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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