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Köbel M, Kang EY, Lee S, Terzic T, Karnezis AN, Ghatage P, Woo L, Lee CH, Meagher NS, Ramus SJ, Gorringe KL. Infiltrative pattern of invasion is independently associated with shorter survival and desmoplastic stroma markers FAP and THBS2 in mucinous ovarian carcinoma. Histopathology 2024; 84:1095-1110. [PMID: 38155475 DOI: 10.1111/his.15128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare ovarian cancer histotype with generally good prognosis when diagnosed at an early stage. However, MOC with the infiltrative pattern of invasion has a worse prognosis, although to date studies have not been large enough to control for covariables. Data on reproducibility of classifying the invasion pattern are limited, as are molecular correlates for infiltrative invasion. We hypothesized that the invasion pattern would be associated with an aberrant tumour microenvironment. METHODS AND RESULTS Four subspecialty pathologists assessed interobserver reproducibility of the pattern of invasion in 134 MOC. Immunohistochemistry on fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and THBS2 was performed on 98 cases. Association with survival was tested using Cox regression. The average interobserver agreement for the infiltrative pattern was moderate (kappa 0.60, agreement 86.3%). After reproducibility review, 24/134 MOC (18%) were determined to have the infiltrative pattern and this was associated with a higher risk of death, independent of FIGO stage, grade, and patient age in a time-dependent manner (hazard ratio [HR] = 10.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0-34.5). High stromal expression of FAP and THBS2 was more common in infiltrative MOC (FAP: 60%, THBS2: 58%, both P < 0.001) and associated with survival (multivariate HR for FAP: 1.5 [95% CI 1.1-2.1] and THBS2: 1.91 [95% CI 1.1-3.2]). CONCLUSIONS The pattern of invasion should be included in reporting for MOC due to the strong prognostic implications. We highlight the histological features that should be considered to improve reproducibility. FAP and THBS2 are associated with infiltrative invasion in MOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eun-Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tatjana Terzic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antony N Karnezis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Prafull Ghatage
- Department of Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lawrence Woo
- Department of Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nicola S Meagher
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan J Ramus
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Kryczka J, Kassassir H, Papiewska-Pająk I, Boncela J. Gelatin In Situ Zymography to Study Gelatinase Activity in Colon Cancer Cells Treated with Platelet Microparticles (PMPs). Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2747:167-176. [PMID: 38038940 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3589-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) have been connected with tumor progression and metastatic dissemination. PMPs infiltrate solid tumors and transfer platelet-derived cargo to cancer cells. The functional roles of PMPs in cancer progression are still poorly understood. PMPs, incorporated by colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, were shown to upregulate the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). To investigate the impact of PMPs on the invasive potential of CRC, we established the protocol of dequenched gelatin (DG), fluorescein conjugate assay. The procedure confirms the activity of two gelatinases, namely, MMP2 and MMP9, that digest denatured collagen (gelatin). This "step-by-step" protocol, with notes and comments implemented to human CRC lines with different phenotypes and migratory potentials, should be sufficient to obtain representative and elegant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kryczka
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Lodz, Poland
| | - Hassan Kassassir
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Boncela
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Lodz, Poland.
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Basalova N, Alexandrushkina N, Grigorieva O, Kulebyakina M, Efimenko A. Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha (FAPα) in Fibrosis: Beyond a Perspective Marker for Activated Stromal Cells? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1718. [PMID: 38136590 PMCID: PMC10742035 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of tissue fibrosis is a complex process involving the interaction of multiple cell types, which makes the search for antifibrotic agents rather challenging. So far, myofibroblasts have been considered the key cell type that mediated the development of fibrosis and thus was the main target for therapy. However, current strategies aimed at inhibiting myofibroblast function or eliminating them fail to demonstrate sufficient effectiveness in clinical practice. Therefore, today, there is an unmet need to search for more reliable cellular targets to contribute to fibrosis resolution or the inhibition of its progression. Activated stromal cells, capable of active proliferation and invasive growth into healthy tissue, appear to be such a target population due to their more accessible localization in the tissue and their high susceptibility to various regulatory signals. This subpopulation is marked by fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAPα). For a long time, FAPα was considered exclusively a marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts. However, accumulating data are emerging on the diverse functions of FAPα, which suggests that this protein is not only a marker but also plays an important role in fibrosis development and progression. This review aims to summarize the current data on the expression, regulation, and function of FAPα regarding fibrosis development and identify promising advances in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Basalova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Educational Centre, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia (O.G.); (A.E.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Natalya Alexandrushkina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Educational Centre, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia (O.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Olga Grigorieva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Educational Centre, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia (O.G.); (A.E.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maria Kulebyakina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Educational Centre, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia (O.G.); (A.E.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia;
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Coates-Park S, Lazaroff C, Gurung S, Rich J, Colladay A, O’Neill M, Butler GS, Overall CM, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Peeney D. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases are proteolytic targets of matrix metalloproteinase 9. Matrix Biol 2023; 123:59-70. [PMID: 37804930 PMCID: PMC10843048 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular proteolysis and turnover are core processes of tissue homeostasis. The predominant matrix-degrading enzymes are members of the Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) family. MMPs extensively degrade core matrix components in addition to processing a range of other factors in the extracellular, plasma membrane, and intracellular compartments. The proteolytic activity of MMPs is modulated by the Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases (TIMPs), a family of four multi-functional matrisome proteins with extensively characterized MMP inhibitory functions. Thus, a well-regulated balance between MMP activity and TIMP levels has been described as critical for healthy tissue homeostasis, and this balance can be chronically disturbed in pathological processes. The relationship between MMPs and TIMPs is complex and lacks the constraints of a typical enzyme-inhibitor relationship due to secondary interactions between various MMPs (specifically gelatinases) and TIMP family members. We illustrate a new complexity in this system by describing how MMP9 can cleave members of the TIMP family when in molar excess. Proteolytic processing of TIMPs can generate functionally altered peptides with potentially novel attributes. We demonstrate here that all TIMPs are cleaved at their C-terminal tails by a molar excess of MMP9. This processing removes the N-glycosylation site for TIMP3 and prevents the TIMP2 interaction with latent proMMP2, a prerequisite for cell surface MMP14-mediated activation of proMMP2. TIMP2/4 are further cleaved producing ∼14 kDa N-terminal proteins linked to a smaller C-terminal domain through residual disulfide bridges. These cleaved TIMP2/4 complexes show perturbed MMP inhibitory activity, illustrating that MMP9 may bear a particularly prominent influence upon the TIMP:MMP balance in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Coates-Park
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carolyn Lazaroff
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics
| | - Sadeechya Gurung
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Josh Rich
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexandra Colladay
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maura O’Neill
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Georgina S. Butler
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Overall
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - William G. Stetler-Stevenson
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Peeney
- Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Burmeister M, Fraunenstein A, Kahms M, Arends L, Gerwien H, Deshpande T, Kuhlmann T, Gross CC, Naik VN, Wiendl H, Klingauf J, Meissner F, Sorokin L. Secretomics reveals gelatinase substrates at the blood-brain barrier that are implicated in astroglial barrier function. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg0686. [PMID: 37467333 PMCID: PMC10355830 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg0686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The gelatinases, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9, are key for leukocyte penetration of the brain parenchymal border in neuroinflammation and the functional integrity of this barrier; however, it is unclear which MMP substrates are involved. Using a tailored, sensitive, label-free mass spectrometry-based secretome approach, not previously applied to nonimmune cells, we identified 119 MMP-9 and 21 MMP-2 potential substrates at the cell surface of primary astrocytes, including known substrates (β-dystroglycan) and a broad spectrum of previously unknown MMP-dependent events involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Using neuroinflammation as a model of assessing compromised astroglial barrier function, a selection of the potential MMP substrates were confirmed in vivo and verified in human samples, including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and neuronal cell adhesion molecule. We provide a unique resource of potential MMP-2/MMP-9 substrates specific for the astroglia barrier. Our data support a role for the gelatinases in the formation and maintenance of this barrier but also in astrocyte-neuron interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Burmeister
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Martin Kahms
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura Arends
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hanna Gerwien
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tushar Deshpande
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Catharina C. Gross
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Neurology Department., University Clinic, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Venu N. Naik
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Neurology Department., University Clinic, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Neurology Department., University Clinic, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Brain and Mind Center,, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Juergen Klingauf
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Meissner
- Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Department of Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
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6
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Faisal TR, Adouni M, Dhaher YY. Surrogate modeling of articular cartilage degradation to understand the synergistic role of MMP-1 and MMP-9: a case study. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:43-56. [PMID: 36201069 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of arthritic diseases is cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, often orchestrated by the overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and other proteases. The interplay between fibril level degradation and the tissue-level aggregate response to biomechanical loading was explored in this work by a computational multiscale cartilaginous model. We considered the relative abundance of collagenases (MMP-1) and gelatinases (MMP-9) in surrogate models, where the diffusion (spatial distribution) of these enzymes and the subsequent, co-localized fibrillar damage were spatially randomized with Latin Hypercube Sampling. The computational model was constructed by incorporating the results from prior molecular dynamics simulations (tensile test) of microfibril degradation into a hyper-elastoplastic fibril-reinforced cartilage model. Including MMPs-mediated collagen fibril-level degradation in computational models may help understand the ECM pathomechanics at the tissue level. The mechanics of cartilage tissue and fibril show variations in mechanical integrity depending on the different combinations of MMPs-1 and 9 with a concentration ratio of 1:1, 3:1, and 1:3 in simulated indentation tests. The fibril yield (local failure) was initiated at 20.2 ± 3.0 (%) and at 23.0 ± 2.8 (%) of bulk strain for col 1:gel 3 and col 3: gel 1, respectively. The reduction in failure stress (global response) was 39.8% for col 1:gel 3, 37.5% for col 1:gel 1, and 36.7% for col 3:gel 1 compared with the failure stress of the degradation free tissue. These findings indicate that cartilage's global and local mechanisms of failure largely depend on the relative abundance of the two key enzymes-collagenase (MMP-1) and gelatinase (MMP-9) and the spatial characteristics of diffusion across the layers of the cartilage ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir R Faisal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70508, USA.
| | - Malek Adouni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, East Mishref, Kuwait City, P.O. Box 1411, Kuwait
| | - Yasin Y Dhaher
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwest, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwest, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwest, Dallas, TX, USA
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Huang H, Xie J, Wei J, Xu S, Zhang D, Zhou X. Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) up-regulates gelatinase expression in chondrocytes through nuclear factor-κB p65. J Bone Miner Metab 2023; 41:17-28. [PMID: 36512085 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gelatinases, namely MMP2 and MMP9, are involved in the natural turnover of articular cartilage, as well as the loss of the cartilage matrix in osteoarthritis (OA). Studies have reported that fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) promoted the degradation of cartilage in OA. In the present study, we predicted that FGF8 promoted chondrocyte expression and secretion of gelatinases by activating NF-κB p65 signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary chondrocytes from C57 mice were cultured with recombinant FGF8. RNA sequencing was employed to explore the gene expression changes of gelatinases. Gelatin zymography was used to determine the activation of gelatinases. Western blot was used to investigate the expression of the gelatinases and NF-κB p65 signaling pathways, and immunofluorescence staining and NF-κB inhibitor assays were performed to confirm the activation of NF-κB p65 signaling. RESULTS FGF8 could increase the expression and activity of gelatinases in primary chondrocytes. And FGF8-induced expression of gelatinases was regulated through activation of NF-κB signaling with acetylated p65 accumulating in the cell nucleus. We further found that the NF-κB inhibitor, BAY 11-7082, could suppress up-regulation of gelatinase induced by FGF8. CONCLUSION FGF8 enhanced the expression and activity of MMP2 and MMP9 in chondrocytes via NF-κB p65 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Jieya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siqun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China.
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Simon LR, Scott AJ, Figueroa Rios L, Zembles J, Masters KS. Cellular-scale sex differences in extracellular matrix remodeling by valvular interstitial cells. Heart Vessels 2023; 38:122-130. [PMID: 36070095 PMCID: PMC10120251 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-022-02164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Males acquire calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) twice as often as females, yet stenotic valves from females display significantly higher levels of fibrosis compared to males with similar extent of disease. Fibrosis occurs as an imbalance between the production and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), specifically type I collagen. This work characterizes ECM production and remodeling by male and female valvular interstitial cells (VICs) to better understand the fibrocalcific divergence between sexes evident in CAVD. Male and female VICs were assessed for gene and protein expression of myofibroblastic markers, ECM components, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) via qRT-PCR and western blot. Overall metabolic activity was also measured. Activity assays for collagenase and gelatinase were performed to examine degradation behavior. Male VICs produced greater levels of myofibroblastic markers while female VICs showed greater metabolic activity and collagen production. In general, females displayed a greater level of MMP expression and production than males, but no sex differences were observed in TIMP production. Male VICs also displayed a greater level of collagenase and gelatinase activity than female VICs. This work displays sex differences in ECM remodeling by VICs that could be related to the sexual dimorphism in ECM structure seen in clinical CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTonya R Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, WIMR 8531, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ashley J Scott
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lysmarie Figueroa Rios
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, WIMR 8531, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Joshua Zembles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, WIMR 8531, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Kristyn S Masters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, WIMR 8531, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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Wu Z, Hua Y, Shen Q, Yu C. Research progress on the role of fibroblast activation protein in diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Nucl Med Commun 2022; 43:746-755. [PMID: 35506275 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a type II transmembrane protein, which is over-expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs are tumor stromal cells that constitute a major component of cancer volume and are reportedly related to tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, metastasis, promotion of drug resistance and induction of tumor immunity. FAP is widely acknowledged as the signature protein of CAFs. At present, FAP inhibitors (FAPI) have achieved ideal results in tumor PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging. Theoretically, FAP-targeted drugs can inhibit tumor progression. Nonetheless, no satisfactory therapeutic effect has been observed so far, which has impeded their implementation in clinical practice. In this review, we describe the characteristics of FAP and its role in the occurrence and development of cancer. We also highlight the potential value of targeting FAP to improve current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoye Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuqi Hua
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiaoling Shen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University
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10
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Das S, Amin SA, Gayen S, Jha T. Insight into the structural requirements of gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) inhibitors by multiple validated molecular modelling approaches: Part II. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2022; 33:167-192. [PMID: 35301933 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2022.2041722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is effective against metastasis of secondary tumours. Previous MMP inhibitors have failed in clinical trials due to their off-target toxicity in solid tumours. Thus, newer MMP inhibitors now have paramount importance. Here, different molecular modelling techniques were applied on a dataset of 110 gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) inhibitors. The objectives of the present study were to identify structural fingerprints for gelatinase inhibition and also to develop statistically validated QSAR models for the screening and prediction of different derivatives as MMP-2 (gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B) inhibitors. The Bayesian classification study provided the ROC values for the training set of 0.837 and 0.815 for MMP-2 and MMP-9, respectively. The linear model also produced the leave-one-out cross-validated Q2 of 0.805 (eq. 1, MMP-2) and 0.724 (eq. 2, MMP-9), an r2 of 0.845 (eq. 1, MMP-2) and 0.782 (eq. 2, MMP-9), an r2Pred of 0.806 (eq. 1, MMP-2) and 0.732 (eq. 2, MMP-9). Similarly, non-linear learning models were also statistically significant and reliable. Overall, this study may help in the rational design of newer compounds with higher gelatinase inhibition to fight against both primary and secondary cancers in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Das
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - S A Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - S Gayen
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - T Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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11
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Santos MI, Lima A, Mota J, Rebelo P, Ferreira RB, Pedroso L, Ferreira MA, Sousa I. Extended Cheese Whey Fermentation Produces a Novel Casein-Derived Antibacterial Polypeptide That Also Inhibits Gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011130. [PMID: 34681790 PMCID: PMC8541382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous works produced a whey fermentation methodology that yielded antibacterial activity and potential inhibition of matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2 and -9. Here, we evaluated if these activities were due to fermentation-produced peptides. Prolonged fermentation was carried out in the presence of our specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consortium. LAB fermentation yielded a total of 11 polypeptides, which were predominantly produced after 6 days of fermentation. One which was derived from beat casein presented a particularly high antibacterial activity against food pathogenic bacteria and was more effective than standard food disinfectants. This polypeptide was further studied and was also found to be active against several strains of pathogenic bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in a dose-dependent manner. It also inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 whilst reducing HT29 cancer cell migration in vitro. Overall, this novel whey-derived polypeptide presents dual antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, revealing a strong potential to be used in functional foods or as a nutraceutical. Its identification and further characterization can open novel perspectives in the field of preventive/curative diets related to gut microbiota, gut inflammation, and cancer prevention, particularly if used in in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Santos
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Lima
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Mota
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rebelo
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Laurentina Pedroso
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Adélia Ferreira
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
| | - Isabel Sousa
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.L.); (J.M.); (P.R.); (R.B.F.); (L.P.); (M.A.F.); (I.S.)
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12
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Nascimento GC, De Paula BB, Gerlach RF, Leite-Panissi CRA. Temporomandibular inflammation regulates the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in limbic structures. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6571-6580. [PMID: 33611790 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is characterized by acute or chronic orofacial pain, which can be associated with inflammatory processes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and emotional disorders. Peripheral and central sensitization in painful orofacial processes is common, and it can be triggered by peripheral inflammatory challenge with consequent neuroinflammation phenomena. Such neuroinflammation comes from inflammatory products from supportive cells, blood-brain barrier, and extracellular matrix. Here, we evaluated the possible recruitment of limbic structures for modified matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression and activity during temporomandibular inflammation-induced orofacial persistent pain. The inflammatory process in TMJs of rats was induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant (CFA) administration. The activity and expression of MMPs-2 and 9 were assessed by in situ zymography and conventional zymography, respectively. A glial colocalization with the MMPs was performed using immunofluorescence. The results evidenced both short- and long-term alterations on MMP-2 and -9 expression in the limbic structures following CFA-induced temporomandibular inflammation. The gelatinolytic activity was increased in the central amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), superior colliculus, and inferior colliculus. Finally, an increase of colocalization of MMP-2/GFAP and MMP-9/GFAP in CFA-induced inflammation groups was observed when compared with saline groups in the central amygdala and vlPAG. It is possible to suggest that glial activation is partly responsible for the production of gelatinases in the persistent orofacial pain, and it is involved in the initiation and maintenance of this process, indicating that inhibition of MMPs might be pursued as a potential new therapeutic target for TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauce C Nascimento
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna B De Paula
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel F Gerlach
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeirão Preto Dentistry Faculty, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christie R A Leite-Panissi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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George G, Shyni GL, Abraham B, Nisha P, Raghu KG. Downregulation of TLR4/MyD88/p38MAPK and JAK/STAT pathway in RAW 264.7 cells by Alpinia galanga reveals its beneficial effects in inflammation. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 275:114132. [PMID: 33887419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alpinia galanga, commonly known as greater galangal or raasna, is widely used in Ayurveda against various inflammatory disorders. It is also known as Kulinjan, Aratha, Rasna or Sugandhamula. Some of the Ayurvedic preparations using the rhizome of Alpinia galanga are Rasnadi kashayam, Rasna panchakam, Rasnapthakam, and Rasnarendadi. The aromatic rhizome is the source of the drug greater galangal and it is also used as a spice in South and South East Asia. However, the molecular mechanism of action of A galanga against inflammation remains poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To elucidate the anti-inflammatory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Alpinia galanga rhizome. STUDY DESIGN/METHOD The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Alpinia galanga (AGE) was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, and immunofluorescence in LPS stimulated murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). HPLC analysis was done to elucidate the rich polyphenolic nature of AGE. RESULTS The study showed that pre-treatment with AGE downregulated the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF-α, NO, and ROS) and stimulated the release of anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10 in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The vital enzymes of inflammation (iNOS, COX-2, and MMP-9) were also downregulated by pre-treatment with AGE. AGE targeted the upstream elements of the inflammatory cascade by blocking LPS induced activation of TLR4 and JAK/STAT pathway. The phosphorylation of downstream kinases was significantly affected. The inhibition of nuclear translocation of NFκB further confirmed the specific inhibition of the TLR4 pathway. Particularly AGE inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK, p38, IκBα, and STAT. HPLC analysis of the AGE showed the polyphenol-rich nature of the extract. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study provide firm evidence that AGE exerts its anti-inflammatory effect via modulation of TLR4 and JAK/STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genu George
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agroprocessing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India.
| | - G L Shyni
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agroprocessing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India.
| | - Billu Abraham
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agroprocessing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - P Nisha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agroprocessing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - K G Raghu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agroprocessing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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14
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Fuentes-Zacarias P, Arzate-Castañeda DA, Sosa-González I, Villeda-Gabriel G, Morales-Méndez I, Osorio-Caballero M, Helguera-Repetto AC, Díaz FN, García-López G, Flores-Herrera O, Arenas-Huertero F, Eslava-Campos C, Díaz-Ruíz O, Flores-Herrera H. Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces spatio-temporal secretion of IL-1β, TNFα, proMMP-9, and reduction of epithelial E-cadherin in human alveolar epithelial type II (A549) cells. Acta Biochim Pol 2021; 68:207-215. [PMID: 33945245 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_5509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is an opportunistic bacterium with a high prevalence in diverse pulmonary infections. Although several genes are involved in the system of resistance and evasion of the immunological response of the host, little is known about the inflammatory, degradative, and cell-binding response induced by P. aeruginosa in human lung alveolar epithelial cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytokine expression (IL-1β and TNFα), pro matrix metalloproteinases activation (proMMP-2 and proMMP-9), and the effects on the cell-binding adhesion protein (E-cadherin) in an in vitro model of human lung alveolar epithelial cells. A549 cells were stimulated with a different number of colony-forming units of P. aeruginosa for 3, 6, and 24 hours. Subsequently, the culture medium was collected, IL-1β and TNFα levels were evaluated by ELISA; proMMP-2 and -9 levels were determined by substrate gel zymography, and the MMP-9 and E-cadherin assessed by immunostaining of A549 cells. Our results demonstrated that P. aeruginosa induces mainly the secretion of TNFα, increases actMMP-9 level, and significantly reduces the level of E-cadherin in the A549 cells. In summary, the inflammatory/degradative process induced by P. aeruginosa modulates the expression of the E-cadherin protein. The probable clinical implications of this study suggest the use of inhibitors that reduce the degradative activity of proMMP-9 which will be further explored in the next phase of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Fuentes-Zacarias
- Department of Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinoza de los Reyes" (INPerIER), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Diego Armando Arzate-Castañeda
- Department of Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinoza de los Reyes" (INPerIER), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Irma Sosa-González
- Department of Inmunología e Infectología, INPerIER, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Iyari Morales-Méndez
- Department of Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinoza de los Reyes" (INPerIER), Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Addy Cecilia Helguera-Repetto
- Department of Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinoza de los Reyes" (INPerIER), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fabián Nestor Díaz
- Department of Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, INPerIER, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Francisco Arenas-Huertero
- Department of Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez", Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carlos Eslava-Campos
- Laboratory of Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez", Ciudad de México, México
| | - Oscar Díaz-Ruíz
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Héctor Flores-Herrera
- Department of Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinoza de los Reyes" (INPerIER), Ciudad de México, México
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15
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Slania SL, Das D, Lisok A, Du Y, Jiang Z, Mease RC, Rowe SP, Nimmagadda S, Yang X, Pomper MG. Imaging of Fibroblast Activation Protein in Cancer Xenografts Using Novel (4-Quinolinoyl)-glycyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine-Based Small Molecules. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4059-4070. [PMID: 33730493 PMCID: PMC8214312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has become a favored target for imaging and therapy of malignancy. We have synthesized and characterized two new (4-quinolinoyl)-glycyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine-based small molecules for imaging of FAP, QCP01 and [111In]QCP02, using optical and single-photon computed tomography/CT, respectively. Binding of imaging agents to FAP was assessed in six human cancer cell lines of different cancer types: glioblastoma (U87), melanoma (SKMEL24), prostate (PC3), NSCLC (NCIH2228), colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (NCIH226). Mouse xenograft models were developed with FAP-positive U87 and FAP-negative PC3 cells to test pharmacokinetics and binding specificity in vivo. QCP01 and [111In]QCP02 demonstrated nanomolar inhibition of FAP at Ki values of 1.26 and 16.20 nM, respectively. Both were selective for FAP over DPP-IV, a related serine protease. Both enabled imaging of FAP-expressing tumors specifically in vivo. [111In]QCP02 showed high uptake at 18.2 percent injected dose per gram in the U87 tumor at 30 min post-administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Slania
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Deepankar Das
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ala Lisok
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Yong Du
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Steven P Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Xing Yang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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Chen X, Xiang X, Xie T, Chen Z, Mou Y, Gao Z, Xie X, Song M, Huang H, Gao Z, Chen M. Memantine protects blood-brain barrier integrity and attenuates neurological deficits through inhibiting nitric oxide synthase ser1412 phosphorylation in intracerebral hemorrhage rats: involvement of peroxynitrite-related matrix metalloproteinase-9/NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Neuroreport 2021; 32:228-237. [PMID: 33470757 PMCID: PMC7870044 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Memantine has demonstrated beneficial effects on several types of brain insults via therapeutic mechanisms mainly related to its activity as a receptor antagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartate. However, the influences of memantine on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain obscure. This research probed into the neurovascular protective mechanisms of memantine after ICH and its impacts on neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) ser1412 phosphorylation. ICH model was established by employing intrastriatal collagenase injection in rats. After modeling, rats were then allocated randomly into sham-operated (sham), vehicle-treated (ICH+V), and memantine-administrated (ICH+M) groups. Memantine (20 mg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally administered 30 min after ICH and thenceforth once daily. Rats were dedicated at 0.25, 6, 12, 24 h, 3 and 7 d post-ICH for measurement of corresponding indexes. Behavioral changes, brain edema, levels of nNOS ser1412 phosphorylation, peroxynitrite, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, NLRP3, IL-1β and numbers of dying neurons, as well as the cellular localization of gelatinolytic activity, were detected among the groups. Memantine improved the neurologic deficits and mitigated brain water content, levels of MMP-9, NLRP3, IL-1β and dying neurons. Additionally, treatment with memantine also reduced nNOS ser1412 phosphorylation and peroxynitrite formation compared with the ICH+V group at 24 h after ICH. In situ zymography simultaneously revealed that gelatinase activity was primarily colocalized with vessel walls and neurons. We concluded that memantine ameliorated blood-brain barrier disruption and neurologic dysfunction in an ICH rat model. The underlying mechanism might involve repression of nNOS ser1412 phosphorylation, as well as peroxynitrite-related MMP-9 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jingmen City
| | - Xu Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingmen Clinical Medical School, Hubei Minzu University, Hubei Province
| | - Teng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jingmen City
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jingmen City
| | - Yu Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingmen Clinical Medical School, Hubei Minzu University, Hubei Province
| | - Zixu Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University
| | - Xun Xie
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University
| | - Min Song
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ziyun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Min Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University
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Zhang L, Cui Y, Yang Y, Wei J, Liu W, Cai L, Wang L, Zhang D, Xie J, Cheng L. The virulence factor GroEL promotes gelatinase secretion from cells in the osteoblast lineage: Implication for direct crosstalk between bacteria and adult cells. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:104991. [PMID: 33307322 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to demonstrate the influence of the virulence factor GroEL on osteoblast behavior by characterizing the changes of secreted gelatinases. DESIGN ELISA was performed to detect GroEL from samples from patients with or without apical periodontitis. An apical periodontitis model was established in rats and the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and NF-κB was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. The primary osteoblasts and osteoblast-like MC3T3 cells were stimulated with recombinant GroEL, and gelatin zymography was used to determine the activity and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Western blot was used to screen signaling pathways, and immunofluorescence staining was performed to confirm the activated signaling. RESULTS First, we found expression of GroEL to be higher in oral saliva, gingival crevicular fluid and periradicular granulation tissue of patients with apical periodontitis than it was in healthy control patients. We next found that recombinant GroEL could increase the activity of the gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, which were secreted by both primary osteoblasts and MC3T3 cells. In a rat apical periodontitis model, strong expression of gelatinases was confirmed. Then, we found that GroEL-enhanced gelatinase activity was mediated through activation of NF-κB signaling. Acetylated NF-κB accumulated in the cell nucleus and bound to the promoter of MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes, thus initiating their high expression. CONCLUSION This study reveals a direct interaction between oral bacteria and adult cells by demonstrating that gelatinase secretion is induced by GroEL, which partially explains bone resorption through gelatinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Horecka A, Hordyjewska A, Biernacka J, Dąbrowski W, Zubilewicz T, Malec A, Musik I, Kurzepa J. Intense remodeling of extracellular matrix within the varicose vein: the role of gelatinases and vascular endothelial growth factor. Ir J Med Sci 2020; 190:255-259. [PMID: 32594304 PMCID: PMC7846537 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-020-02289-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased blood pressure in the varicose veins (VV) can contribute to the overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), affecting the endothelium, smooth muscle, and extracellular matrix of the vein wall. Gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), hypoxia, and inflammation occurring in the VV wall contribute to the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). AIMS Our objective was to analyze the concentration of gelatinases and VEGF in the great saphenous VV wall and plasma of patients. METHODS In total, 65 patients (2nd degree according to clinical state classification, etiology, anatomy, and pathophysiology-CEAP classification) aged 22 to 70 were enrolled. Control veins (n = 10) were collected from the patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Control plasma (n = 20) was obtained from healthy individuals. Gelatinases and VEGF levels were measured with the usage of ELISA method. RESULTS A significant increase in MMP-9 (11.2 vs. 9.98 ng/mg of protein) and VEGF (41.06 vs. 26 ng/g of protein) concentration in VV wall compared with control veins was observed. A positive correlation between VEGF versus MMP-2 (p = 0.03, r = 0.27) was found in the VV wall. However, no correlation was found between the concentration of VEGF and MMP-9 (p = 0.4, r = 0.11) in the VV wall. In addition, no statistical differences between MMP-9, MMP-2, and VEGF levels in plasma of VV patients compared with controls were noticed. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study confirm that VV's patients have altered expression of MMPs and VEGF. Overexpression of MMP-9 and VEGF in the VV wall may contribute to the spreading of inflammatory process and suggests the intense remodeling of extracellular tissue within the VV wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Horecka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A,, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Hordyjewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A,, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Biernacka
- I Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy with Clinical Paediatric Department, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dąbrowski
- I Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy with Clinical Paediatric Department, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zubilewicz
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 17, 20-081, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Malec
- Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Staszica 16, 20-081, Lublin, Poland
| | - Irena Musik
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A,, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A,, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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Zhang B, Liu F, Yang MF, Xu J, Wang Z, Zhang J, Wang R, Yang X. A cell-based fluorescent assay for FAP inhibitor discovery. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127253. [PMID: 32527554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate the discovery of FAP inhibitors, a convenient cell-based fluorescent assay was developed by using a commonly available U87MG cell line and a FAP-specific substrate Suc-Gly-Pro-AMC. The assay enabled the fast determination of multiple IC50s by simply incubating a solution of phosphate-buffered saline in a 96-well plate within 30 min. The substrate specificity, cross-reaction and other related conditions were systematically optimized. This method was successfully applied to determine the IC50s of seven known inhibitors. The results are in consistence with the trend reported, which indicating that this practical assay is a valuable method to accelerate the discovery of FAP inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingye Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Futao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Min-Fu Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- JYAMS PET Research & Development Limited., Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- JYAMS PET Research & Development Limited., Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Rongfu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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20
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Ianni A, Bennato F, Martino C, Grotta L, Franceschini N, Martino G. Proteolytic Volatile Profile and Electrophoretic Analysis of Casein Composition in Milk and Cheese Derived from Mironutrient-Fed Cows. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092249. [PMID: 32397653 PMCID: PMC7249190 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the proteolytic process in Caciocavallo cheese obtained from Friesian cows fed zinc, selenium, and iodine supplementation. Thirty-six Friesian cows, balanced for parity, milk production, and days in milk, were randomly assigned to four groups. The control group (CG) was fed with a conventional feeding strategy, while the three remaining groups received a diet enriched with three different trace elements, respectively zinc (ZG), selenium (SG), and iodine (IG). At the end of the experimental period, samples of milk were collected and used to produce Caciocavallo cheese from each experimental group. Cheese samples were then analyzed after 7 and 120 days from the cheese making in order to obtain information on chemical composition and extent of the proteolytic process, evaluated through the electrophoretic analysis of caseins and the determination of volatiles profile. Both milk and cheese samples were richer in the amount of the microelement respectively used for the integration of the cattle’s diet. The zymographic approach was helpful in evaluating, in milk, the proteolytic function performed by endogenous metalloenzymes specifically able to degrade gelatin and casein; this evaluation did not highlight significant differences among the analyzed samples. In cheese, the electrophoretic analysis in reducing and denaturing condition showed the marked ability of β-casein to resist the proteolytic action during ripening, whereas the dietary selenium supplementation was shown to perform a protective action against the degradation of S1 and S2 isoforms of α-casein. The analysis of the volatile profile evidenced the presence of compounds associated with proteolysis of phenylalanine and leucine. This approach showed that selenium was able to negatively influence the biochemical processes that lead to the formation of 3-methyl butanol, although the identification of the specific mechanism needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ianni
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.I.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
| | - Francesca Bennato
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.I.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
| | - Camillo Martino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Via Campo Boario 37, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Lisa Grotta
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.I.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
| | - Nicola Franceschini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio 1, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.I.); (F.B.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266950
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21
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Cohen L, Sagi I, Bigelman E, Solomonov I, Aloshin A, Ben-Shoshan J, Rozenbaum Z, Keren G, Entin-Meer M. Cardiac remodeling secondary to chronic volume overload is attenuated by a novel MMP9/2 blocking antibody. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231202. [PMID: 32271823 PMCID: PMC7145114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Monoclonal antibody derivatives are promising drugs for the treatment of various diseases due to their high matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) active site specificity. We studied the effects of a novel antibody, SDS3, which specifically recognizes the mature active site of MMP9/2 during ventricular remodeling progression in a mouse model of chronic volume overload (VO). Methods VO was induced by creating an aortocaval fistula (ACF) in 10- to 12-week-old C57BL male mice. The VO-induced mice were treated with either vehicle control (PBS) or with SDS3 twice weekly by intraperitoneal (ip) injection. The relative changes in cardiac parameters between baseline (day 1) and end-point (day 30), were evaluated by echocardiography. The effects of SDS3 treatment on cardiac fibrosis, cardiomyocyte volume, and cardiac inflammation were tested by cardiac staining with Masson's trichrome, wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA), and CD45, respectively. Serum levels of TNFα and IL-6 with and without SDS3 treatment were tested by ELISA. Results SDS3 significantly reduced cardiac dilatation, left ventricular (LV) mass, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy compared to the vehicle treated animals. The antibody also reduced the heart-to-body weight ratio of the ACF animals to values comparable to those of the controls. Interestingly, the SDS3 group underwent significant reduction of cardiac inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, indicating a regulatory role for MMP9/2 in tissue remodeling, possibly by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) activation. In addition, significant changes in the expression of proteins related to mitochondrial function were observed in ACF animals, these changes were reversed following treatment with SDS3. Conclusion The data suggest that MMP9/2 blockage with SDS3 attenuates myocardial remodeling associated with chronic VO by three potential pathways: downregulating the extracellular matrix proteolytic cleavage, reducing the cardiac inflammatory responses, and preserving the cardiac mitochondrial structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Cohen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Einat Bigelman
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Inna Solomonov
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anna Aloshin
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jeremy Ben-Shoshan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Zach Rozenbaum
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gad Keren
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Entin-Meer
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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22
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Zhang L, Yang L, Xia ZW, Yang SC, Li WH, Liu B, Yu ZQ, Gong PF, Yang YL, Sun WZ, Mo J, Li GS, Wang TY, Wang K. The role of fibroblast activation protein in progression and development of osteosarcoma cells. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:121-130. [PMID: 31745677 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-019-00591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the expression levels of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in human osteosarcoma tissues and its possible correlations with clinical pathological characteristics of patients with osteosarcoma, and to explore the potential effects of FAP on progression and development of osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was initially performed to detect the expression levels of FAP in 66 tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Patients were sequentially divided into two groups based on different expression levels of FAP. The correlations between the expression levels of FAP and the clinical pathological characteristics were investigated, and the role of FAP in proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells was assessed via colony formation, MTT, wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. The possible effects of FAP on tumor growth and metastasis were evaluated in vivo. We further attempted to reveal the underlying mechanism of FAP involved in tumor growth through bioinformatics and IHC assays. High expression levels of FAP were noted in human osteosarcoma tissues. It also was unveiled that FAP was significantly associated with the tumor size (P = 0.005*) and clinical stage (P = 0.017*). Our data further confirmed that knockdown of FAP remarkably blocked proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in mice via AKT signaling pathway. The possible role of FAP in progression and development of osteosarcoma could be figured out. Our data may be helpful to develop a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Zi-Wei Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Shi-Chang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Wen-Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Zi-Qi Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Peng-Fei Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Ya-Lin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Wei-Zong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jing Mo
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Gui-Shi Li
- Department of Joint Orthopedics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tian-Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 981st Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chengde, 067000, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
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23
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Arlien-Søborg MC, Grøndahl C, Bæk A, Dal J, Madsen M, Høgild ML, Pedersen SB, Bjerre M, Jørgensen JOL. Fibroblast Activation Protein is a GH Target: A Prospective Study of Patients with Acromegaly Before and After Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5572635. [PMID: 31544947 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a circulating hormone with pleiotropic metabolic effects, which is inactivated by fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Data regarding interaction between FGF21, FAP, and growth hormone (GH) are limited, but it is noteworthy that collagens are also FAP substrates, since GH potently stimulates collagen turnover. AIM To measure circulating FGF21 components, including FAP, in patients with acromegaly before and after disease control. METHODS Eighteen patients with active acromegaly were studied at the time of diagnosis and ≥ 6 months after disease control by either surgery or medical treatment. Serum levels of total and active FGF21, β-klotho, FAP, and collagen turnover markers were measured by immunoassays. Expression of putative FGF21-dependent genes were measured in adipose tissue by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, body composition assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan, and insulin sensitivity estimated with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS Total FGF21, active FGF21 and β-klotho remained unchanged. Insulin sensitivity and body fat mass increased after disease control but neither correlated with active FGF21. Expression of FGF21-dependent genes did not change after treatment. FAP levels (µg/L) were markedly reduced after treatment [105.6 ± 29.4 vs 62.2 ± 32.4, P < 0.000]. Collagen turnover markers also declined significantly after treatment and ΔFAP correlated positively with ΔProcollagen Type I (P < 0.000) and Type III (P < 0.000). CONCLUSION 1) Circulating FGF21 and β-klotho do not change in response to acromegaly treatment, 2) FAP concentrations in serum decrease after disease control and correlate positively with collagen turnover markers, and 3) FAP is a hitherto unrecognized GH target linked to collagen turnover. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT00647179.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai C Arlien-Søborg
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Camilla Grøndahl
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Amanda Bæk
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jakob Dal
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Michael Madsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Morten Lyng Høgild
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Mette Bjerre
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jens O L Jørgensen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Lang J, Zhao X, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Han X, Ding Y, Guan J, Ji T, Zhao Y, Nie G. Reshaping Prostate Tumor Microenvironment To Suppress Metastasis via Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Inactivation with Peptide-Assembly-Based Nanosystem. ACS Nano 2019; 13:12357-12371. [PMID: 31545587 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in men, and inhibiting metastasis is a key event but still a major challenge in prostate cancer treatment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in prostate tumor metastasis by shaping the malignant tumor microenvironment. Herein, we constructed a CAF-targeting siRNA delivery system by loading the fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP-α) antibody onto the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-based nanoparticles, which specifically downregulated C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) expression in CAFs. This regulation generated a series of changes through inactivating CAFs so that the malignant prostate tumor microenvironment was reshaped. The tumor cell invasion, migration, and tumor angiogenesis were significantly inhibited, which all contributed to the suppression of the metastasis of an orthotopic prostate tumor. This tumor microenvironment reshaping strategy via CAF targeting and inactivation provides an alternative approach for malignant prostate tumor metastasis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Lang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research , Sino-Danish College of UCAS , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yingqiu Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xuexiang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yanping Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jiajing Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Tianjiao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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25
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Röhrich M, Loktev A, Wefers AK, Altmann A, Paech D, Adeberg S, Windisch P, Hielscher T, Flechsig P, Floca R, Leitz D, Schuster JP, Huber PE, Debus J, von Deimling A, Lindner T, Haberkorn U. IDH-wildtype glioblastomas and grade III/IV IDH-mutant gliomas show elevated tracer uptake in fibroblast activation protein-specific PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:2569-2580. [PMID: 31388723 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a new diagnostic approach allowing the visualization of tumor stroma. Here, we applied FAP-specific PET imaging to gliomas. We analyzed the target affinity and specificity of two FAP ligands (FAPI-02 and FAPI-04) in vitro, and the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in mice in vivo. Clinically, we used 68Ga-labeled FAPI-02/04 for PET imaging in 18 glioma patients (five IDH-mutant gliomas, 13 IDH-wildtype glioblastomas). METHODS For binding studies with 177Lu-radiolabeled FAPI-02/04, we used the glioblastoma cell line U87MG, FAP-transfected fibrosarcoma cells, and CD26-transfected human embryonic kidney cells. For pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies, U87MG-xenografted mice were injected with 68Ga-labeled compounds followed by small-animal PET imaging and 177Lu-labeled FAPI-02/04, respectively. Clinical PET/CT scans were performed 30 min post intravenous administration of 68Ga-FAPI-02/04. PET and MRI scans were co-registrated. Immunohistochemistry was done on 14 gliomas using a FAP-specific antibody. RESULTS FAPI-02 and FAPI-04 showed high binding specificity to FAP. FAPI-04 demonstrated higher tumor accumulation and delayed elimination compared with FAPI-02 in preclinical studies. IDH-wildtype glioblastomas and grade III/IV, but not grade II, IDH-mutant gliomas showed elevated tracer uptake. In glioblastomas, we observed spots with increased uptake in projection on contrast-enhancing areas. Immunohistochemistry showed FAP-positive cells with mainly elongated cell bodies and perivascular FAP-positive cells in glioblastomas and an anaplastic IDH-mutant astrocytoma. CONCLUSIONS Using FAP-specific PET imaging, increased tracer uptake in IDH-wildtype glioblastomas and high-grade IDH-mutant astrocytomas, but not in diffuse astrocytomas, may allow non-invasive distinction between low-grade IDH-mutant and high-grade gliomas. Therefore, FAP-specific imaging in gliomas may be useful for follow-up studies although further clinical evaluation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Röhrich
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anastasia Loktev
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika K Wefers
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Altmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Paech
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Adeberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Windisch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Department of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Flechsig
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Floca
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Leitz
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julius P Schuster
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Radiooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Radiooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lindner
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Haberkorn
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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26
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Brown AO, Graham CE, Cruz MR, Singh KV, Murray BE, Lorenz MC, Garsin DA. Antifungal Activity of the Enterococcus faecalis Peptide EntV Requires Protease Cleavage and Disulfide Bond Formation. mBio 2019; 10:e01334-19. [PMID: 31266876 PMCID: PMC6606811 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01334-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis, a Gram-positive bacterium, and Candida albicans, a polymorphic fungus, are common constituents of the microbiome as well as increasingly problematic causes of infections. Interestingly, we previously showed that these two species antagonize each other's virulence and that E. faecalis inhibition of C. albicans was specifically mediated by EntV. EntV is a bacteriocin encoded by the entV (ef1097) locus that reduces C. albicans virulence and biofilm formation by inhibiting hyphal morphogenesis. In this report, we studied the posttranslational modifications necessary for EntV antifungal activity. First, we show that the E. faecalis secreted enzyme gelatinase (GelE) is responsible for cleaving EntV into its 68-amino-acid, active form and that this process does not require the serine protease SprE. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a disulfide bond that forms within EntV is necessary for antifungal activity. Abrogating this bond by chemical treatment or genetic modification rendered EntV inactive against C. albicans Moreover, we identified the likely catalyst of this disulfide bond, a previously uncharacterized thioredoxin within the E. faecalis genome called DsbA. Loss of DsbA, or disruption of its redox-active cysteines, resulted in loss of EntV antifungal activity. Finally, we show that disulfide bond formation is not a prerequisite for cleavage; EntV cleavage proceeded normally in the absence of DsbA. In conclusion, we present a model in which following secretion, EntV undergoes disulfide bond formation by DsbA and cleavage by GelE in order to generate a peptide capable of inhibiting C. albicansIMPORTANCEEnterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans are among the most important and problematic pathobionts, organisms that normally are harmless commensals but can cause dangerous infections in immunocompromised hosts. In fact, both organisms are listed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as serious global public health threats stemming from the increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. The rise in antifungal resistance is of particular concern considering the small arsenal of currently available therapeutics. EntV is a peptide with antifungal properties, and it, or a similar compound, could be developed into a therapeutic alternative, either alone or in combination with existing agents. However, to do so requires understanding what properties of EntV are necessary for its antifungal activity. In this work, we studied the posttranslational processing of EntV and what modifications are necessary for inhibition of C. albicans in order to fill this gap in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armand O Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carrie E Graham
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Melissa R Cruz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kavindra V Singh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Barbara E Murray
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael C Lorenz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Danielle A Garsin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
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27
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Croft AP, Campos J, Jansen K, Turner JD, Marshall J, Attar M, Savary L, Wehmeyer C, Naylor AJ, Kemble S, Begum J, Dürholz K, Perlman H, Barone F, McGettrick HM, Fearon DT, Wei K, Raychaudhuri S, Korsunsky I, Brenner MB, Coles M, Sansom SN, Filer A, Buckley CD. Distinct fibroblast subsets drive inflammation and damage in arthritis. Nature 2019; 570:246-251. [PMID: 31142839 PMCID: PMC6690841 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of lymphocyte subsets with non-overlapping effector functions has been pivotal to the development of targeted therapies in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs)1,2. However, it remains unclear whether fibroblast subclasses with non-overlapping functions also exist and are responsible for the wide variety of tissue-driven processes observed in IMIDs, such as inflammation and damage3-5. Here we identify and describe the biology of distinct subsets of fibroblasts responsible for mediating either inflammation or tissue damage in arthritis. We show that deletion of fibroblast activation protein-α (FAPα)+ fibroblasts suppressed both inflammation and bone erosions in mouse models of resolving and persistent arthritis. Single-cell transcriptional analysis identified two distinct fibroblast subsets within the FAPα+ population: FAPα+THY1+ immune effector fibroblasts located in the synovial sub-lining, and FAPα+THY1- destructive fibroblasts restricted to the synovial lining layer. When adoptively transferred into the joint, FAPα+THY1- fibroblasts selectively mediate bone and cartilage damage with little effect on inflammation, whereas transfer of FAPα+ THY1+ fibroblasts resulted in a more severe and persistent inflammatory arthritis, with minimal effect on bone and cartilage. Our findings describing anatomically discrete, functionally distinct fibroblast subsets with non-overlapping functions have important implications for cell-based therapies aimed at modulating inflammation and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Croft
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joana Campos
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kathrin Jansen
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason D Turner
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jennifer Marshall
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Moustafa Attar
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Loriane Savary
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Corinna Wehmeyer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Amy J Naylor
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jenefa Begum
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kerstin Dürholz
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harris Perlman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Francesca Barone
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Kevin Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilya Korsunsky
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael B Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Coles
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen N Sansom
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Filer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- MRC and Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
- Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC and Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytomorphologic maturity and molecular activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the intratumoral stroma and invasive front in colorectal cancer and understand how they affect cancer invasion and long-term oncological outcomes.The cytomorphologic maturity of and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα), and fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1) expression in CAFs in the intratumoral stroma (CAF) and the invasive front (CAF) of colorectal cancer tissues were compared (n = 147). The correlations between CAF maturation, molecular activity markers, and cancer invasion were evaluated by network analysis. Overall survival and systemic recurrence were analyzed to assess the oncological effects of CAF properties.The cytomorphologic maturation rate was comparable between CAF and CAF. The presence of mature CAFs was related to epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression in cancer cells. Expression rates of α-SMA (96.6%-98.0%) and FAPα (18.6%-22.9%) were similar between CAF and CAF. FSP-1 expression was more frequent in CAF than in CAF (66.4% vs 58.2%, P = .038). There was a significant decrease in FSP-1 expression in CAF and CAF in higher stages. The infiltrating growth pattern of the tumor was more frequent in the immature CAF. In colorectal cancer with perineural invasion and lymph node metastasis, FSP-1 expression in CAF was significantly lower. On multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model, immature CAF was found to be an independent prognostic factor of overall survival. In non-metastatic (stage I-III) colorectal cancer patients, CAF maturity was not a prognostic factor for systemic recurrence.Cytomorphologic maturity and molecular activation markers were similar between CAFs in the intratumoral stroma and invasive front of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyung Mo Son
- Department of Surgery
- Research institute for Convergence of biomedical science and technology
| | - Myeong-Sook Kwon
- Research institute for Convergence of biomedical science and technology
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of pathology, Pusan National Univesurrsity Yangsan Hospital
| | - Nari Shin
- Department of pathology, Hanyang University Hanmaum Changwon Hospital
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University
| | - Chi-Dug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
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29
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Vafashoar F, Mousavizadeh K, Poormoghim H, Tavasoli A, Musavi Shabestari T, Javadmoosavi SA, Mojtabavi N. Gelatinases Increase in Bleomycin-induced Systemic Sclerosis Mouse Model. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 18:182-189. [PMID: 31066254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a fibrotic autoimmune disease in which aberrant remodeling of the extracellular matrix in organs disturbs their functionalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of gelatinases on systemic sclerosis. Consequently, a mouse model of systemic sclerosis was employed and the gelatinolytic activity of gelatinases was evaluated on the fibrotic tissues of this model. Two groups of ten mice were considered in this work: a group of systemic sclerosis model and control group. For the generation of systemic sclerosis model, mice received bleomycin, while the control group was subjected to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) reception. Mice were tested for fibrosis by using trichrome staining, hydroxyproline measurement and α-SMA detection in tissue sections. Additionally, the gelatinolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 were measured using gelatin zymography in lungs and skin tissue homogenates. The obtained results indicated that subcutaneous injection of bleomycin-induced fibrosis in skin and lung tissues of mice. Pro and active forms of matrix methaloproteinase 9 were increased in fibrotic lung tissues (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively), while, the gelatinolytic activity of MMP2 was unaffected in these tissues. Additionally, in skin tissues of bleomycin-treated animals, both pro and active forms of MMP9 and MMP2 were increased (p<0.05). Pro and active forms of gelatinases increase differently in skin and lung tissues of bleomycin-induced scleroderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Vafashoar
- Department of Immunology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hadi Poormoghim
- Scleroderma Study Group, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Tavasoli
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Musavi Shabestari
- Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sayed Ali Javadmoosavi
- Air Pollution Research Centre, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nazanin Mojtabavi
- Department of Immunology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hadler-Olsen E, Winberg JO. Method for Determining Gelatinolytic Activity in Tissue: In Situ Gelatin Zymography. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1952:193-199. [PMID: 30825175 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9133-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To explore the physiological or pathological roles of proteases, it is important to be able to detect and precisely localize them in a tissue, to differentiate between inactive and active forms, as well as to quantify and determine the nature of the enzyme that degrades a given substrate. Here we present an in situ gelatin zymography method that allows for a precise localization of active gelatin-degrading enzymes in a tissue section. In this method, dye-quenched gelatin is put on top of a tissue section. During an incubation period, active gelatinolytic enzymes will degrade the substrate and fluorescent signals are emitted from the locations of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Hadler-Olsen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Dentistry, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Jan-Olof Winberg
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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31
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Zhang HE, Hamson EJ, Koczorowska MM, Tholen S, Chowdhury S, Bailey CG, Lay AJ, Twigg SM, Lee Q, Roediger B, Biniossek ML, O'Rourke MB, McCaughan GW, Keane FM, Schilling O, Gorrell MD. Identification of Novel Natural Substrates of Fibroblast Activation Protein-alpha by Differential Degradomics and Proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:65-85. [PMID: 30257879 PMCID: PMC6317473 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.001046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP) is a cell-surface transmembrane-anchored dimeric protease. This unique, constitutively active serine protease has both dipeptidyl aminopeptidase and endopeptidase activities and can hydrolyze the post-proline bond. FAP expression is very low in adult organs but is upregulated by activated fibroblasts in sites of tissue remodeling, including fibrosis, atherosclerosis, arthritis and tumors. To identify the endogenous substrates of FAP, we immortalized primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from FAP gene knockout embryos and then stably transduced them to express either enzymatically active or inactive FAP. The MEF secretomes were then analyzed using degradomic and proteomic techniques. Terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS)-based degradomics identified cleavage sites in collagens, many other extracellular matrix (ECM) and associated proteins, and lysyl oxidase-like-1, CXCL-5, CSF-1, and C1qT6, that were confirmed in vitro In addition, differential metabolic labeling coupled with quantitative proteomic analysis also implicated FAP in ECM-cell interactions, as well as with coagulation, metabolism and wound healing associated proteins. Plasma from FAP-deficient mice exhibited slower than wild-type clotting times. This study provides a significant expansion of the substrate repertoire of FAP and provides insight into the physiological and potential pathological roles of this enigmatic protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Emma Zhang
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Hamson
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | | | - Stefan Tholen
- ¶Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sumaiya Chowdhury
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Charles G Bailey
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Angelina J Lay
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Stephen M Twigg
- §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia;; ‖Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Quintin Lee
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Ben Roediger
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Martin L Biniossek
- ¶Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthew B O'Rourke
- ‖Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia;; **Proteomics Core Facility, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W McCaughan
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Fiona M Keane
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Oliver Schilling
- ‡‡Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany;; §§BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany;; ¶¶German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mark D Gorrell
- From the ‡Centenary Institute, the University of Sydney, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, New South Wales, 2042, Australia;; §Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, 2006, Australia;; ‖Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia;.
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32
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Chancharoenthana W, Leelahavanichkul A, Wattanatorn S, Avihingsanon Y, Praditpornsilpa K, Eiam-Ong S, Townamchai N. Alteration of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a predictor of tacrolimus-induced chronic renal allograft fibrosis in tacrolimus dose adjustments following kidney transplantation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209708. [PMID: 30576367 PMCID: PMC6303063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite tacrolimus (TAC) drug-level monitoring, TAC-induced chronic renal allograft fibrosis remains an important problem. This study investigated the potential of urinary neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (uNGAL) as a chronic renal allograft fibrosis biomarker in a two-phase study (proof of concept and cohort). In the proof of concept stage of the study, increased TAC-doses at 3 days after dose adjustment compared with the baseline were associated with elevated uNGAL (+ΔuNGAL) and urinary interleukin 18 (IL-18), but normal serum creatinine (SCr), despite the therapeutic trough levels of TAC. In the cohort study, the patients with elevated uNGAL post-recruitment in comparison with the baseline (+ΔuNGAL) was associated with the more severe renal allograft fibrosis from renal pathology of the protocol biopsy at 12 months post kidney transplantation (post-KT). A cut-off value of uNGAL ≥ 125.2 ng/mL during a 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-KT was associated with a higher fibrosis score, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72 to 0.88, p < 0.0001) and a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.54 (95% CI 1.45 to 9.33; p < 0.001). We conclude that uNGAL is a sensitive biomarker of TAC induced subtle renal injury and TAC-induced chronic renal allograft fibrosis. We propose that uNGAL measurements, in addition to trough levels of TAC, should be used to predict TAC-induced chronic renal allograft fibrosis in the recipients of KT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiwat Chancharoenthana
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellent Center of Organ Transplantation (ECOT), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Salin Wattanatorn
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellent Center of Organ Transplantation (ECOT), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yingyos Avihingsanon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellent Center of Organ Transplantation (ECOT), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Somchai Eiam-Ong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natavudh Townamchai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellent Center of Organ Transplantation (ECOT), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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33
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Colomer-Winter C, Gaca AO, Chuang-Smith ON, Lemos JA, Frank KL. Basal levels of (p)ppGpp differentially affect the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis in Enterococcus faecalis. Microbiology (Reading) 2018; 164:1254-1265. [PMID: 30091695 PMCID: PMC6600344 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The alarmone (p)ppGpp mediates the stringent response and has a recognized role in bacterial virulence. We previously reported a stringent response-like state in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from a rabbit foreign body abscess model and showed that E. faecalis mutants with varying levels of cellular (p)ppGpp [Δrel, ΔrelQ and the (p)ppGpp0 ΔrelΔrelQ] had differential abilities to persist within abscesses. In this study, we investigated whether (p)ppGpp contributes to the pathogenesis of E. faecalis infective endocarditis (IE), a biofilm infection of the heart valves. While the stringent response was not activated in heart valve-associated E. faecalis, deletion of the gene encoding the bifunctional (p)ppGpp synthetase/hydrolase Rel significantly impaired valve colonization. These results indicate that the presence of (p)ppGpp is dispensable for E. faecalis to cause IE, whereas the ability to regulate (p)ppGpp levels is critical for valve colonization. Next, we characterized how basal (p)ppGpp levels affect processes associated with IE pathogenesis. Despite being defective in binding to BSA-coated polystyrene surfaces, the Δrel strain bound to collagen- and fibronectin-coated surfaces and ex vivo porcine heart valves as well as the parent and ΔrelΔrelQ strains, ruling out the possibility that the impaired IE phenotype was due to an attachment defect. Moreover, differences in cellular (p)ppGpp levels did not affect extracellular gelatinase activity but significantly impaired enterococcal invasion of human coronary artery endothelial cells. Taken together, this study uncovers for the first time the fact that differences in basal (p)ppGpp levels, rather than the stringent response, differentially affect processes that contribute to the pathogenesis of IE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Colomer-Winter
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Anthony O. Gaca
- Center for Oral Biology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Present address: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia N. Chuang-Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Present address: Bridge to MD and Pathway to American University of Antigua (AUA) Programs, Manipal Education Americas, LLC, New York, NY, USA
| | - José A. Lemos
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kristi L. Frank
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Li L, Zhou S, Lv N, Zhen Z, Liu T, Gao S, Xie J, Ma Q. Photosensitizer-Encapsulated Ferritins Mediate Photodynamic Therapy against Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Improve Tumor Accumulation of Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3595-3599. [PMID: 29966416 PMCID: PMC6435375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been widely tested as drug delivery carriers or imaging agents, largely because of their ability to selectively accumulate in tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. However, studies show that many tumors afford a less efficient EPR effect and that many nanoparticles are trapped in the perivascular region after extravasation and barely migrate into tumor centers. This is to a large degree attributed to the dense tumor extracellular matrix (ECM), which functions as a physical barrier to prevent efficient nanoparticle extravasation and diffusion. In this study, we report a photodynamic therapy (PDT) approach to enhance tumor uptake of nanoparticles. Briefly, we encapsulate ZnF16Pc, a photosensitizer, into ferritin nanocages, and then conjugate to the surface of the ferritin a single chain viable fragment (scFv) sequence specific to fibroblast activation protein (FAP). FAP is a plasma surface protein widely upregulated in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which is a major source of the ECM fiber components. We found that the scFv-conjugated and ZnF16Pc-loaded ferritin nanoparticles (scFv-Z@FRT) can mediate efficient and selective PDT, leading to eradication of CAFs in tumors. When tested in bilateral 4T1 tumor models, we found that the tumor accumulation of serum albumin (BSA), 10 nm quantum dots (QDs), and 50 nm QDs was increased by 2-, 3.5-, and 18-fold after scFv-Z@FRT mediated PDT. Our studies suggest a novel and safe method to enhance the delivery of nanoparticles to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, ErDao District, Changchun 13033, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - NingNing Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, ErDao District, Changchun 13033, China
| | - Zipeng Zhen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Tianji Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, ErDao District, Changchun 13033, China
| | - Shi Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, ErDao District, Changchun 13033, China
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
- Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Qingjie Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, ErDao District, Changchun 13033, China
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Puré E, Blomberg R. Pro-tumorigenic roles of fibroblast activation protein in cancer: back to the basics. Oncogene 2018; 37:4343-4357. [PMID: 29720723 PMCID: PMC6092565 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a cell-surface serine protease that acts on various hormones and extracellular matrix components. FAP is highly upregulated in a wide variety of cancers, and is often used as a marker for pro-tumorigenic stroma. It has also been proposed as a molecular target of cancer therapies, and, especially in recent years, a great deal of research has gone into design and testing of diverse FAP-targeted treatments. Yet despite this growing field of research, our knowledge of FAP's basic biology and functional roles in various cancers has lagged behind its use as a tumor-stromal marker. In this review, we summarize and analyze recent advances in understanding the functions of FAP in cancer, most notably its prognostic value in various tumor types, cellular effects on various cell types, and potential as a therapeutic target. We highlight outstanding questions in the field, the answers to which could shape preclinical and clinical studies of FAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Puré
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Muliaditan T, Caron J, Okesola M, Opzoomer JW, Kosti P, Georgouli M, Gordon P, Lall S, Kuzeva DM, Pedro L, Shields JD, Gillett CE, Diebold SS, Sanz-Moreno V, Ng T, Hoste E, Arnold JN. Macrophages are exploited from an innate wound healing response to facilitate cancer metastasis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2951. [PMID: 30054470 PMCID: PMC6063977 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in tumour progression, which is facilitated by their ability to respond to environmental cues. Here we report, using murine models of breast cancer, that TAMs expressing fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which are also found in human breast cancer, represent a macrophage phenotype similar to that observed during the wound healing response. Importantly, the expression of a wound-like cytokine response within the tumour is clinically associated with poor prognosis in a variety of cancers. We show that co-expression of FAP and HO-1 in macrophages results from an innate early regenerative response driven by IL-6, which both directly regulates HO-1 expression and licenses FAP expression in a skin-like collagen-rich environment. We show that tumours can exploit this response to facilitate transendothelial migration and metastatic spread of the disease, which can be pharmacologically targeted using a clinically relevant HO-1 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Muliaditan
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jonathan Caron
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Mary Okesola
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - James W Opzoomer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Paris Kosti
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Mirella Georgouli
- Tumour Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Peter Gordon
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Sharanpreet Lall
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Desislava M Kuzeva
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Luisa Pedro
- Medical Research Council Cancer Cell Unit, Hutchison/Medical Research Council Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Jacqueline D Shields
- Medical Research Council Cancer Cell Unit, Hutchison/Medical Research Council Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Cheryl E Gillett
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Sandra S Diebold
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Tumour Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tony Ng
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Esther Hoste
- Unit for Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent-Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - James N Arnold
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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Khedr MEMS, Abdelmotelb AM, Pender SLF, Zhou X, Walls AF. Neutrophilia, gelatinase release and microvascular leakage induced by human mast cell tryptase in a mouse model: Lack of a role of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:555-567. [PMID: 29383785 PMCID: PMC5969079 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tryptase, the most abundant protease of the human mast cell, has been implicated as a key mediator of allergic inflammation that acts through activation of PAR2. OBJECTIVES To investigate the contribution of PAR2 in the pro-inflammatory actions mediated by tryptase in a mice model. METHODS We have injected recombinant human βII-tryptase into the peritoneum of PAR2-deficient and wild-type C57BL/6 mice. After 6, 12 and 24 hours, mice were killed, peritoneal lavage performed and inflammatory changes investigated. RESULTS Tryptase stimulated an increase in neutrophil numbers in the peritoneum, but responses did not differ between PAR2-deficient and wild-type mice. Heat inactivation of tryptase or pre-incubation with a selective tryptase inhibitor reduced neutrophilia, but neutrophil accumulation was not elicited with a peptide agonist of PAR2 (SLIGRL-NH2 ). Zymography indicated that tryptase stimulated the release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 in the peritoneum of both mouse strains. Studies involving immunomagnetic isolation of neutrophils suggested that neutrophils represent the major cellular source of tryptase-induced MMP2 and MMP9. At 24 hours after tryptase injection, there was increased microvascular leakage as indicated by high levels of albumin in peritoneal lavage fluid, and this appeared to be partially abolished by heat-inactivating tryptase or addition of a protease inhibitor. There was no corresponding increase in levels of histamine or total protein. The extent of tryptase-induced microvascular leakage or gelatinase release into the peritoneum did not differ between PAR2-deficient and wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that tryptase is a potent stimulus for neutrophil accumulation, MMP release and microvascular leakage. Although these actions required an intact catalytic site, the primary mechanism of tryptase in vivo would appear to involve processes independent of PAR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. M. S. Khedr
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - A. M. Abdelmotelb
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTantaEgypt
| | - S. L. F. Pender
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - X. Zhou
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - A. F. Walls
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
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Chen S, Chen Z, Cui J, McCrary ML, Song H, Mobashery S, Chang M, Gu Z. Early Abrogation of Gelatinase Activity Extends the Time Window for tPA Thrombolysis after Embolic Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice. eNeuro 2018; 5:ENEURO.0391-17.2018. [PMID: 29963617 PMCID: PMC6021166 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0391-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is caused by clotting in the cerebral arteries, leading to brain oxygen deprivation and cerebral infarction. Recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is currently the only Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for ischemic stroke. However, tPA has to be administered within 4.5 h from the disease onset and delayed treatment of tPA can increase the risk of neurovascular impairment, including neuronal cell death, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and hemorrhagic transformation. A key contributing factor for tPA-induced neurovascular impairment is activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). We used a clinically-relevant mouse embolic model of focal-cerebral ischemia by insertion of a single embolus of blood clot to block the right middle cerebral artery. We showed that administration of the potent and highly selective gelatinase inhibitor SB-3CT extends the time window for administration of tPA, attenuating infarct volume, mitigating BBB disruption, and antagonizing the increase in cerebral hemorrhage induced by tPA treatment. We demonstrated that SB-3CT attenuates tPA-induced expression of vascular MMP-9, prevents gelatinase-mediated cleavage of extracellular laminin, rescues endothelial cells, and reduces caveolae-mediated transcytosis of endothelial cells. These results suggest that abrogation of MMP-9 activity mitigates the detrimental effects of tPA treatment, thus the combination treatment holds great promise for extending the therapeutic window for tPA thrombolysis, which opens the opportunity for clinical recourse to a greater number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Zhenzhou Chen
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Jiankun Cui
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital Research Service, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Myah L. McCrary
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Hailong Song
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Mayland Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Zezong Gu
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital Research Service, Columbia, MO 65201
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Avery D, Govindaraju P, Jacob M, Todd L, Monslow J, Puré E. Extracellular matrix directs phenotypic heterogeneity of activated fibroblasts. Matrix Biol 2018; 67:90-106. [PMID: 29248556 PMCID: PMC5910258 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Activated fibroblasts are key players in the injury response, tumorigenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation. Dichotomous outcomes in response to varied stroma-targeted therapies in cancer emphasize the need to disentangle the roles of heterogeneous fibroblast subsets in physiological and pathophysiological settings. In wound healing, fibrosis, and myriad tumor types, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) identify distinct, yet overlapping, activated fibroblast subsets. Prior studies established that FAPHi reactive fibroblasts and αSMAHi myofibroblasts can exert opposing influences in tumorigenesis. However, the factors that drive this phenotypic heterogeneity and the unique functional roles of these subsets have not been defined. We demonstrate that a convergence of ECM composition, elasticity, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling governs activated fibroblast phenotypic heterogeneity. Furthermore, FAPHi reactive fibroblasts and αSMAHi myofibroblasts exhibited distinct gene expression signatures and functionality in vitro, illuminating potentially unique roles of activated fibroblast subsets in tissue remodeling. These insights into activated fibroblast heterogeneity will inform the rational design of stroma-targeted therapies for cancer and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Avery
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Pharmacology Graduate Group of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Priya Govindaraju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Pharmacology Graduate Group of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michele Jacob
- Envision Pharma Group, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Leslie Todd
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - James Monslow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ellen Puré
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Pharmacology Graduate Group of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Yi Y, Wang Z, Sun Y, Chen J, Zhang B, Wu M, Li T, Hu L, Zeng J. The EMT-related transcription factor snail up-regulates FAPα in malignant melanoma cells. Exp Cell Res 2018; 364:160-167. [PMID: 29410133 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
FAPα is a cell surface serine protease, mainly expressed in tumor stromal fibroblasts in more than 90% of human epithelial carcinomas. Due to its almost no expression in normal tissues and its tumor-promoting effects, FAPα has been studied as a novel potential target for antitumor therapy. However, the regulation mechanism on FAPα expression is poorly understood. In this study, we found that overexpression of snail significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of FAPα in malignant melanoma B16 and SK-MEL-28 cells. Overexpression of snail increased FAPα promoter activity remarkably. Snail could directly bind to FAPα promoter to regulate FAPα expression. Moreover, snail expression was positively correlated to FAPα expression in human cutaneous malignant melanoma. Furthermore, knockdown of FAPα markedly reduced snail-induced cell migration. Overall, our findings provide a novel regulation mechanism on FAPα expression and highlight the role of snail/FAPα axis as a novel target for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Yi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhaotong Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics & Cell Biology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhu Chen
- Department of Biological Products Surveillance and Evaluation, Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Minhua Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Surgery, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Medical Genetics & Cell Biology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China.
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Grzechocinska B, Dabrowski FA, Chlebus M, Gondek A, Czarzasta K, Michalowski L, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Wielgos M. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase enzymes in endometrium of women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2018; 38:537-543. [PMID: 29504731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is caused by derangement of physiological processes of tissue growth, shedding and regeneration. It is known that interplay between metalloproteinases (MMP's) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP's) may play a crucial role in its occurrence. AIM To define if expression of proMMP-2, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in endometrium of women with AUB is dependent on steroid sex hormone concentration and histopathological picture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Endometrial scraps were taken from 21 women with AUB and 19 controls. Samples were evaluated in light microscopy by a certified pathologist. Activity of proMMP-2 and MMP-2 proteins levels were evaluated by gelatin zymography and TIMP-1 by reversed zymography. The results has been correlated with serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations in linear regression model. RESULTS Expression: of proMMP-2 in endometrium of women with AUB is correlated with estradiol concentration and inversely correlated with progesterone levels. It was significantly higher in women with dysfunctional endometrium (p<0.001). Expression of MMP-2 was highest in women with endometrial polyps and longer bleeding (p<0.01), while expression of TIMP-1 was independent from hormone concentration. CONCLUSION Lack of correlation between proMMP-2 and MMP-2 levels suggest different pathway of their activation in AUB. ProMMP-2 is up regulated by estradiol and down regulated by progesterone while MMP-2 levels increase with the length of bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filip A Dabrowski
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Chlebus
- Department of Quantitative Finance, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Gondek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czarzasta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Wielgos
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Stape THS, Tjäderhane L, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Da Silva WG, Dos Santos Silva AR, da Silva WJ, Marques MR. In situ analysis of gelatinolytic activity in human dentin. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:136-141. [PMID: 29373132 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as gelatinases are differentially expressed in human tissues. These enzymes cleave specific substrates involved in cell signaling, tissue development and remodeling and tissue breakdown. Recent evidences show that gelatinases are crucial for normal dentin development and their activity is maintained throughout the entire tooth function in the oral cavity. Due to the lack of information about the exact location and activity of gelatinases in mature human dentin, the present study was designed to examine gelatinolytic levels in sound dentin. In situ zymography using confocal microscopy was performed on both mineralized and demineralized dentin samples. Sites presenting gelatinase activity were identified throughout the entire biological tissue pursuing different gelatinolytic levels for distinct areas: predentin and dentinal tubule regions presented higher gelatinolytic activity compared to intertubular dentin. Dentin regions with higher gelatinolytic activity immunohistochemically were partially correlated with MMP-2 expression. The maintenance of gelatinolytic activity in mature dentin may have biological implications related to biomineralization of predentin and tubular/peritubular dentinal regions, as well as regulation of defensive mechanisms of the dentin-pulp complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Henrique Scarabello Stape
- Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leo Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, and Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Wagner Gomes Da Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Dos Santos Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Wander José da Silva
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rocha Marques
- Department of Morphology Division of Histology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Saito J, Yokoyama U, Nicho N, Zheng YW, Ichikawa Y, Ito S, Umemura M, Fujita T, Ito S, Taniguchi H, Asou T, Masuda M, Ishikawa Y. Tissue-type plasminogen activator contributes to remodeling of the rat ductus arteriosus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190871. [PMID: 29304073 PMCID: PMC5755942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The ductus arteriosus (DA) closes after birth to adapt to the robust changes in hemodynamics, which require intimal thickening (IT) to occur. The smooth muscle cells of the DA have been reported to play important roles in IT formation. However, the roles of the endothelial cells (ECs) have not been fully investigated. We herein focused on tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), which is a DA EC dominant gene, and investigated its contribution to IT formation in the DA. METHODS AND RESULTS ECs from the DA and aorta were isolated from fetal rats using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. RT-PCR showed that the t-PA mRNA expression level was 2.7-fold higher in DA ECs than in aortic ECs from full-term rat fetuses (gestational day 21). A strong immunoreaction for t-PA was detected in pre-term and full-term rat DA ECs. t-PA-mediated plasminogen-plasmin conversion activates gelatinase matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Gelatin zymography revealed that plasminogen supplementation significantly promoted activation of the elastolytic enzyme MMP-2 in rat DA ECs. In situ zymography demonstrated that marked gelatinase activity was observed at the site of disruption in the internal elastic laminae (IEL) in full-term rat DA. In a three-dimensional vascular model, EC-mediated plasminogen-plasmin conversion augmented the IEL disruption. In vivo administration of plasminogen to pre-term rat fetuses (gestational day 19), in which IT is poorly formed, promoted IEL disruption accompanied by gelatinase activation and enhanced IT formation in the DA. Additionally, experiments using five human DA tissues demonstrated that the t-PA expression level was 3.7-fold higher in the IT area than in the tunica media. t-PA protein expression and gelatinase activity were also detected in the IT area of the human DAs. CONCLUSION t-PA expressed in ECs may help to form IT of the DA via activation of MMP-2 and disruption of IEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Saito
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Utako Yokoyama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail: (UY); (YI)
| | - Naoki Nicho
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yun-Wen Zheng
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ichikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoko Ito
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masanari Umemura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujita
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideki Taniguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshihide Asou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail: (UY); (YI)
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Yazbeck R, Jaenisch SE, Abbott CA. Potential disease biomarkers: dipeptidyl peptidase 4 and fibroblast activation protein. Protoplasma 2018; 255:375-386. [PMID: 28620698 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) gene family in regulating critical biochemical pathways continues to emerge. The two most well-studied members of the family, DPP4 and fibroblast activation protein (FAP), have been investigated both as therapeutic targets for disease and as diagnostic biomarkers. The interest in DPP4 and FAP as potential disease biomarkers has been driven primarily by observations of altered expression profiles in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Furthermore, the stability and persistence of soluble DPP4 and FAP in the serum make them attractive candidate serology markers. This review summarises investigations into DPP4 and FAP as biomarkers of autoimmune disease, gut inflammation, psychosomatic disorders and malignancy and discusses their potential likelihood as clinically useful tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Yazbeck
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Simone E Jaenisch
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine A Abbott
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
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Abstract
SummaryThe interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for the normal development and function of organisms. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of Zn++ and Ca++ dependent endopeptidases, which are key mediators of ECM remodelling. The turnover and remodelling of ECM must be tightly regulated, since uncontrolled proteolysis would contribute to abnormal development and to the generation of many pathological conditions characterized by either excessive degradation, or lack of degradation of ECM components. In particular, the gelatinases (MMP-2 and –9) are abundantly expressed in various malignant tumors, play an active role in angiogenesis, and may also influence the process of atherosclerotic lesion formation. In recent years, much consideration has been given to the role of diet in preventing degenerative diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenols are abundant components/micronutrients of the human diet that have been shown in vitro to profoundly affect ECM turnover by regulating gelatinases expression and activity, acting at both the pre- and post-transcriptional level. Therefore, they could have a beneficial effect in many pathological conditions implicated in connective tissue destruction and remodelling associated with degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
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46
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Lo A, Li CP, Buza EL, Blomberg R, Govindaraju P, Avery D, Monslow J, Hsiao M, Puré E. Fibroblast activation protein augments progression and metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92232. [PMID: 28978805 PMCID: PMC5841864 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAs) are desmoplastic and can undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to confer metastasis and chemoresistance. Studies have demonstrated that phenotypically and functionally distinct stromal cell populations exist in PDAs. Fibroblast activation protein-expressing (FAP-expressing) cells act to enhance PDA progression, while α-smooth muscle actin myofibroblasts can restrain PDA. Thus, identification of precise molecular targets that mediate the protumorigenic activity of FAP+ cells will guide development of therapy for PDA. Herein, we demonstrate that FAP overexpression in the tumor microenvironment correlates with poor overall and disease-free survival of PDA patients. Genetic deletion of FAP delayed onset of primary tumor and prolonged survival of mice in the KPC mouse model of PDA. While genetic deletion of FAP did not affect primary tumor weight in advanced disease, FAP deficiency increased tumor necrosis and impeded metastasis to multiple organs. Lineage-tracing studies unexpectedly showed that FAP is not only expressed by stromal cells, but can also be detected in a subset of CD90+ mesenchymal PDA cells, representing up to 20% of total intratumoral FAP+ cells. These data suggest that FAP may regulate PDA progression and metastasis in cell-autonomous and/or non-cell-autonomous fashions. Together, these data support pursuing FAP as a therapeutic target in PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chung-Pin Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Elizabeth L. Buza
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly gelatinase A (MMP-2) and gelatinase B (MMP-9), as well as their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2), are involved in the development of skeletal muscle tissue, in the repair process after muscle injury and in the adaptive modifications induced by physical exercise in skeletal muscle. This paper aims at reviewing results from human studies that investigated the role of gelatinases and their inhibitors in skeletal muscle response to acute physical exercise or training. METHODS Electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for papers published between January 2000 and February 2017. The papers were eligible when reporting human studies in which MMP-2 and/or MMP-9 and/or the inhibitors TIMP-1/TIMP-2 were evaluated, in blood or muscular tissue, before and after acute physical exercise or before and after a period of structured physical training. We included studies on healthy subjects and patients with chronic metabolic diseases (obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome-MS) or asymptomatic coronary artery disease. We excluded studies on patients with neurological, rheumatologic or neoplastic diseases. RESULTS Studies conducted on muscle biopsies showed an early stimulation of MMP-9 gene transcription as a result of acute exercise, whereas MMP-2 and TIMP transcription resulted from regular repetition of exercise over time. Studies on serum or plasma level of gelatinases and their inhibitors showed an early release of MMP-9 after acute exercise of sufficient intensity, while data on MMP-2 and TIMP were more contrasting. Most of the studies dealing with the effect of training indicated a trend toward reduction in blood gelatinase levels, once again more clear for MMP-9. This result was related to an anti-inflammatory effect of regular exercise and was more evident when training consisted of aerobic activities. This study has limitations: as the initial selection was done through titles and abstracts, incomplete retrieval cannot be excluded, as well as we cannot exclude bias due to selective reporting within studies. CONCLUSION A better knowledge of the molecular events activated by different types of acute exercise and regular training could be of great relevance in order to maximize the benefits of physical activity in healthy subjects and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Lo Presti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e della Formazione
| | - Eugenia Hopps
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gregorio Caimi
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Choi IY, Karpus ON, Turner JD, Hardie D, Marshall JL, de Hair MJH, Maijer KI, Tak PP, Raza K, Hamann J, Buckley CD, Gerlag DM, Filer A. Stromal cell markers are differentially expressed in the synovial tissue of patients with early arthritis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182751. [PMID: 28793332 PMCID: PMC5549962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have shown increased expression of stromal markers in synovial tissue (ST) of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, ST expression of stromal markers in early arthritis in relationship to diagnosis and prognostic outcome was studied. Methods ST from 56 patients included in two different early arthritis cohorts and 7 non-inflammatory controls was analysed using immunofluorescence to detect stromal markers CD55, CD248, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and podoplanin. Diagnostic classification (gout, psoriatic arthritis, unclassified arthritis (UA), parvovirus associated arthritis, reactive arthritis and RA), disease outcome (resolving vs persistent) and clinical variables were determined at baseline and after follow-up, and related to the expression of stromal markers. Results We observed expression of all stromal markers in ST of early arthritis patients, independent of diagnosis or prognostic outcome. Synovial expression of FAP was significantly higher in patients developing early RA compared to other diagnostic groups and non-inflammatory controls. In RA FAP protein was expressed in both lining and sublining layers. Podoplanin expression was higher in all early inflammatory arthritis patients than controls, but did not differentiate diagnostic outcomes. Stromal marker expression was not associated with prognostic outcomes of disease persistence or resolution. There was no association with clinical or sonographic variables. Conclusions Stromal cell markers CD55, CD248, FAP and podoplanin are expressed in ST in the earliest stage of arthritis. Baseline expression of FAP is higher in early synovitis patients who fulfil classification criteria for RA over time. These results suggest that significant fibroblast activation occurs in RA in the early window of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Y. Choi
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olga N. Karpus
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jason D. Turner
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Hardie
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer L. Marshall
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Maria J. H. de Hair
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karen I. Maijer
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul P. Tak
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karim Raza
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher D. Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle M. Gerlag
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail: (DMG); (AF)
| | - Andrew Filer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (DMG); (AF)
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Wen X, He X, Jiao F, Wang C, Sun Y, Ren X, Li Q. Fibroblast Activation Protein-α-Positive Fibroblasts Promote Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade. Oncol Res 2017; 25:629-640. [PMID: 27983931 PMCID: PMC7841289 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14768383625385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the main causes of cancer death. The tumor microenvironment has a profound effect on inducing tumor growth, metastasis, and immunosuppression. Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is a protein that is usually expressed in fibroblasts, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, which are major components of the tumor microenvironment. However, the role of FAP in GC progression and treatment is still unknown. In this study, we explored these problems based on GC patient samples and experimental models. We found that high FAP expression was an independent prognosticator of poor survival in GC patients. FAP+ cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promoted the survival, proliferation, and migration of GC cell lines in vitro. Moreover, they also induced drug resistance of the GC cell lines and inhibited the antitumor functions of T cells in the GC tumor microenvironment. More importantly, we found that targeting FAP+ CAFs substantially enhanced the antitumor effects of immune checkpoint blockades in GC xenograft models. This evidence highly suggested that FAP is a potential prognosticator of GC patients and a target for synergizing with other treatments, especially immune checkpoint blockades in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Wen
- *Oncology Department, The 82nd Hospital of PLA, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping He
- †IMR Residency Program of Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Feng Jiao
- ‡Department of General Surgery, The 82nd Hospital of PLA, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- §Department of Cardiology, The 82nd hospital of PLA, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Yang Sun
- ‡Department of General Surgery, The 82nd Hospital of PLA, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Xuequn Ren
- ¶Medical Institution, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qianwen Li
- *Oncology Department, The 82nd Hospital of PLA, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
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Direito R, Lima A, Rocha J, Ferreira RB, Mota J, Rebelo P, Fernandes A, Pinto R, Alves P, Bronze R, Sepodes B, Figueira ME. Dyospiros kaki phenolics inhibit colitis and colon cancer cell proliferation, but not gelatinase activities. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 46:100-108. [PMID: 28494341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols from persimmon (Diospyros kaki) have demonstrated radical-scavenging and antiinflammatory activities; however, little is known about the effects of persimmon phenolics on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, we aimed in this work to characterize the antiinflammatory and antiproliferative effects of a persimmon phenolic extract (80% acetone in water), using an in vivo model of experimental colitis and a model of cancer cell invasion. Our results show, for the first time, a beneficial effect of a persimmon phenolic extract in the attenuation of experimental colitis and a potential antiproliferative effect on cultured colon cancer cells. Administration of persimmon phenolic extract to mice with TNBS-induced colitis led to a reduction in several functional and histological markers of colon inflammation, namely: attenuation of colon length decrease, reduction of the extent of visible injury (ulcer formation), decrease in diarrhea severity, reduced mortality rate, reduction of mucosal hemorrhage and reduction of general histological features of colon inflammation. In vitro studies also showed that persimmon phenolic extract successfully impaired cell proliferation and invasion in HT-29 cells. Further investigation showed a decreased expression of COX-2 and iNOS in the colonic tissue of colitis mice, two important mediators of intestinal inflammation, but there was no inhibition of the gelatinase MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities. Given the role of inflammatory processes in the progression of CRC and the important link between inflammation and cancer, our results highlight the potential of persimmon polyphenols as a pharmacological tool in the treatment of patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Direito
- University of Lisbon, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Lima
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Rocha
- University of Lisbon, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Mota
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rebelo
- Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Fernandes
- University of Lisbon, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui Pinto
- University of Lisbon, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paula Alves
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine and Instituto Português de Oncologia, Pólo Ciências da Saúde, Celas, 3000-354 Coimbra
| | - Rosário Bronze
- ITQB, Estação Agronómica Nacional, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; IBET, Avenida da República, Quinta-do-Marquês, Estação Agronómica Nacional, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sepodes
- University of Lisbon, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria-Eduardo Figueira
- University of Lisbon, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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