1
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Abudu O, Nguyen D, Millward I, Manning JE, Wahid M, Lightfoot A, Marcon F, Merard R, Margielewska-Davies S, Roberts K, Brown R, Powell-Brett S, Nicol SM, Zayou F, Croft WD, Pearce H, Moss P, Iqbal AJ, McGettrick HM. Interplay in galectin expression predicts patient outcomes in a spatially restricted manner in PDAC. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116283. [PMID: 38377735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galectins (Gal's) are a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that are known to support the tumour microenvironment through their immunosuppressive activity and ability to promote metastasis. As such they are attractive therapeutic targets, but little is known about the cellular expression pattern of galectins within the tumour and its neighbouring stromal microenvironment. Here we investigated the cellular expression pattern of Gals within pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS Galectin gene and protein expression were analysed by scRNAseq (n=4) and immunofluorescence imaging (n=19) in fibroblasts and epithelial cells of pancreatic biopsies from PDAC patients. Galectin surface expression was also assessed on tumour adjacent normal fibroblasts and cancer associated primary fibroblasts from PDAC biopsies using flow cytometry. RESULTS scRNAseq revealed higher Gal-1 expression in fibroblasts and higher Gal-3 and -4 expression in epithelial cells. Both podoplanin (PDPN+, stromal/fibroblast) cells and EpCAM+ epithelial cells expressed Gal-1 protein, with highest expression seen in the stromal compartment. By contrast, significantly more Gal-3 and -4 protein was expressed in ductal cells expressing either EpCAM or PDPN, when compared to the stroma. Ductal Gal-4 cellular expression negatively correlated with ductal Gal-1, but not Gal-3 expression. Higher ductal cellular expression of Gal-1 correlated with smaller tumour size and better patient survival. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the intricate interplay and cell-specific expression patterns of galectins within the PDAC tissue, particularly the inverse correlation between Gal-1 and Gal-4 in ducts and its significant association with patient survival, highlights the complex molecular landscape underlying PDAC and provides valuable insights for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladimeji Abudu
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Duy Nguyen
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Isabel Millward
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Julia E Manning
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mussarat Wahid
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Abbey Lightfoot
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Francesca Marcon
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Reena Merard
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | | | - Keith Roberts
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Rachel Brown
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Sarah Powell-Brett
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Samantha M Nicol
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Fouzia Zayou
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wayne D Croft
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Hayden Pearce
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Paul Moss
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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2
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Saviano A, Manosour AA, Raucci F, Merlino F, Marigliano N, Schettino A, Wahid M, Begum J, Filer A, Manning JE, Casillo GM, Piccolo M, Ferraro MG, Marzano S, Russomanno P, Bellavita R, Irace C, Amato J, Alfaifi M, Rimmer P, Iqbal T, Pieretti S, Vellecco V, Caso F, Costa L, Giacomelli R, Scarpa R, Cirino G, Bucci M, McGettrick HM, Grieco P, Iqbal AJ, Maione F. New biologic (Ab-IPL-IL-17) for IL-17-mediated diseases: identification of the bioactive sequence (nIL-17) for IL-17A/F function. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:1415-1428. [PMID: 37580108 PMCID: PMC10579190 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interleukin (IL) 17s cytokines are key drivers of inflammation that are functionally dysregulated in several human immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Targeting these cytokines has some therapeutic benefits, but issues associated with low therapeutic efficacy and immunogenicity for subgroups of patients or IMIDs reduce their clinical use. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the coverage and efficacy of antibodies targeting IL-17A and/or IL-17F and IL-17A/F heterodimer. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we initially identified a bioactive 20 amino acid IL-17A/F-derived peptide (nIL-17) that mimics the pro-inflammatory actions of the full-length proteins. Subsequently, we generated a novel anti-IL-17 neutralising monoclonal antibody (Ab-IPL-IL-17) capable of effectively reversing the pro-inflammatory, pro-migratory actions of both nIL-17 and IL-17A/F. Importantly, we demonstrated that Ab-IPL-IL-17 has less off-target effects than the current gold-standard biologic, secukinumab. Finally, we compared the therapeutic efficacy of Ab-IPL-IL-17 with reference anti-IL-17 antibodies in preclinical murine models and samples from patients with RA and IBD. We found that Ab-IPL-IL-17 could effectively reduce clinical signs of arthritis and neutralise elevated IL-17 levels in IBD patient serum. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our preclinical and in vitro clinical evidence indicates high efficacy and therapeutic potency of Ab-IPL-IL-17, supporting the rationale for large-scale clinical evaluation of Ab-IPL-IL-17 in patients with IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anella Saviano
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Adel Abo Manosour
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Federica Raucci
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Noemi Marigliano
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Schettino
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mussarat Wahid
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jenefa Begum
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Filer
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Julia E Manning
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Marialuisa Piccolo
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ferraro
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Marzano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Bellavita
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Irace
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Jussara Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mohammed Alfaifi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Rimmer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tariq Iqbal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Caso
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luisa Costa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario, and Research Unit of Immuno-Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy, and Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy, Roma, Italy
| | - Raffaele Scarpa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Asif Jilani Iqbal
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Francesco Maione
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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3
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Hopkin SJ, Pezhman L, Begum J, Kavanagh D, McGettrick HM, Iqbal AJ, Chimen M. Aging modulates homeostatic leukocyte trafficking to the peritoneal cavity in a sex-specific manner. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:301-314. [PMID: 37309034 PMCID: PMC10533226 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with exacerbated systemic inflammation (inflammaging) and the progressive loss of immune system function (immunosenescence). Leukocyte migration is necessary for effective immunity; however, dysregulated trafficking of leukocytes into tissue contributes to inflammaging and the development of age-related inflammatory diseases. Aging modulates leukocyte trafficking under inflammatory conditions; however, whether aging modulates leukocyte trafficking under homeostatic conditions remains to be elucidated. Although immune responses are evidently sexually dimorphic, limited studies have investigated the effect of sex on age-related changes to leukocyte trafficking processes. Here, we investigated age-related and sex-specific changes to the leukocyte populations within the peritoneal cavity of young (3-mo), middle-aged (18-mo) and old (21-mo) male and female wild-type mice in the steady state. We found an age-related increase in the number of leukocytes within the peritoneal cavity of female mice, predominantly B cells, which may reflect increased trafficking through this tissue with age. This was accompanied by an increased inflammatory environment within the aged cavity, including increased levels of chemoattractants, including B cell chemoattractants CXCL13 and CCL21, soluble adhesion molecules, and proinflammatory cytokines, which was more pronounced in aged female mice. Intravital microscopy techniques revealed altered vascular structure and increased vascular permeability within the peritoneal membrane of aged female mice, which may support increased leukocyte trafficking to the cavity with age. Together, these data indicate that aging affects homeostatic leukocyte trafficking processes in a sex-specific fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J Hopkin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Laleh Pezhman
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Jenefa Begum
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Kavanagh
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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4
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Frost K, Naylor AJ, McGettrick HM. The Ying and Yang of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signalling within the Bone. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086935. [PMID: 37108099 PMCID: PMC10139073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone remodelling is a highly active and dynamic process that involves the tight regulation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their progenitors to allow for a balance of bone resorption and formation to be maintained. Ageing and inflammation are risk factors for the dysregulation of bone remodelling. Once the balance between bone formation and resorption is lost, bone mass becomes compromised, resulting in disorders such as osteoporosis and Paget's disease. Key molecules in the sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling pathway have been identified for their role in regulating bone remodelling, in addition to its more recognised role in inflammatory responses. This review discusses the accumulating evidence for the different, and, in certain circumstances, opposing, roles of S1P in bone homeostasis and disease, including osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and inflammatory bone loss. Specifically, we describe the current, often conflicting, evidence surrounding S1P function in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their precursors in health and disease, concluding that S1P may be an effective biomarker of bone disease and also an attractive therapeutic target for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Frost
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Amy J Naylor
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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5
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Pezhman L, Hopkin SJ, Begum J, Heising S, Nasteska D, Wahid M, Ed Rainger G, Hodson DJ, Iqbal AJ, Chimen M, McGettrick HM. PEPITEM modulates leukocyte trafficking to reduce obesity-induced inflammation. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 212:1-10. [PMID: 36891817 PMCID: PMC10081110 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of leukocyte trafficking, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic processes are the hallmarks that underpin and drive pathology in obesity. Current clinical management targets alternations in lifestyle choices (e.g. exercise, weight loss) to limit the impact of the disease. Crucially, re-gaining control over the pathogenic cellular and molecular processes may offer an alternative, complementary strategy for obese patients. Here we investigate the impact of the immunopeptide, PEPITEM, on pancreas homeostasis and leukocyte trafficking in mice on high-fed obesogenic diet (HFD). Both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with PEPITEM alleviated the effects of HFD on the pancreas, reducing pancreatic beta cell size. Moreover, PEPITEM treatment also limited T-cell trafficking (CD4+ T-cells and KLRG1+ CD3+ T-cells) to obese visceral, but not subcutaneous, adipose tissue. Similarly, PEPITEM treatment reduced macrophage numbers within the peritoneal cavity of mice on HFD diet at both 6 and 12 weeks. By contrast, PEPITEM therapy elevated numbers of T and B cells were observed in the secondary lymphoid tissues (e.g. spleen and inguinal lymph node) when compared to the untreated HFD controls. Collectively our data highlights the potential for PEPITEM as a novel therapy to combat the systemic low-grade inflammation experienced in obesity and minimize the impact of obesity on pancreatic homeostasis. Thus, offering an alternative strategy to reduce the risk of developing obesity-related co-morbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, in individuals at high risk and struggling to control their weight through lifestyle modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Pezhman
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sophie J Hopkin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jenefa Begum
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Silke Heising
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mussarat Wahid
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - G Ed Rainger
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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6
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Abstract
The most common non-pharmacological intervention for both peripheral and cerebral vascular health is regular physical activity (e.g., exercise training), which improves function across a range of exercise intensities and modalities. Numerous non-exercising approaches have also been suggested to improved vascular function, including repeated ischemic preconditioning (IPC); heat therapy such as hot water bathing and sauna; and pneumatic compression. Chronic adaptive responses have been observed across a number of these approaches, yet the precise mechanisms that underlie these effects in humans are not fully understood. Acute increases in blood flow and circulating signalling factors that induce responses in endothelial function are likely to be key moderators driving these adaptations. While the impact on circulating factors and environmental mechanisms for adaptation may vary between approaches, in essence, they all centre around acutely elevating blood flow throughout the circulation and stimulating improved endothelium-dependent vascular function and ultimately vascular health. Here, we review our current understanding of the mechanisms driving endothelial adaptation to repeated exposure to elevated blood flow, and the interplay between this response and changes in circulating factors. In addition, we will consider the limitations in our current knowledge base and how these may be best addressed through the selection of more physiologically relevant experimental models and research. Ultimately, improving our understanding of the unique impact that non-pharmacological interventions have on the vasculature will allow us to develop superior strategies to tackle declining vascular function across the lifespan, prevent avoidable vascular-related disease, and alleviate dependency on drug-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R C Weaver
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rebekah A I Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Timothy Cable
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Tom E Nightingale
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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7
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Krautter F, Hussain MT, Zhi Z, Lezama DR, Manning JE, Brown E, Marigliano N, Raucci F, Recio C, Chimen M, Maione F, Tiwari A, McGettrick HM, Cooper D, Fisher EA, Iqbal AJ. Galectin-9: A novel promoter of atherosclerosis progression. Atherosclerosis 2022; 363:57-68. [PMID: 36459823 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is widely accepted to be an inflammatory disease driven by lipid accumulation and leukocyte recruitment. More recently, galectins, a family of β-galactoside binding proteins, have been shown to play a role in leukocyte recruitment among other immunomodulatory functions. Galectin (Gal) -9, a tandem repeat type galectin expressed by the endothelium in inflammatory environments, has been proposed to promote leukocyte recruitment. However, the role of Gal-9 in the context of monocyte recruitment remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we characterise the immunomodulatory role of Gal-9 in context of atherosclerosis. We show that ApoE-/-Gal-9-/- mice have a significantly reduced aortic plaque burden compared to their ApoE-/- littermate controls after 12 weeks of high fat diet. RNA sequencing data from two independent studies reveal Lgals9 expression in leukocyte clusters isolated from murine atherosclerotic plaques. Additionally, soluble Gal-9 protein induces monocyte activation and a pro-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages. Furthermore, we show that immobilised recombinant Gal-9 acts as capture and adhesion molecule for CD14+ monocytes in a β2-integrin and glycan dependent manner, while adhesion of monocytes to stimulated endothelium is reduced when Gal-9 is knocked down. Gal-9 also facilitates enhanced recruitment of leukocytes from peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients compared to healthy young and aged controls. We further characterise the endothelium as source of circulating Gal-9, which is increased in plasma of PAD patients compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight a pathological role for Gal-9 as promoter of monocyte recruitment and atherosclerotic plaque progression, making it a novel target in the prevention of plaque formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Krautter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed T Hussain
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaogong Zhi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle R Lezama
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Julia E Manning
- Institute of Inflammation and Aging, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Brown
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, And the Cardiovascular Research Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Noemi Marigliano
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Raucci
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlota Recio
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Farmacología Molecular y Translacional - BIOPharm, Las Palmas de G.C, Spain
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Maione
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alok Tiwari
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Aging, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dianne Cooper
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward A Fisher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, And the Cardiovascular Research Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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8
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Chidomere CI, Wahid M, Kemble S, Chadwick C, Thomas R, Hardy RS, McGettrick HM, Naylor AJ. Bench to Bedside: Modelling Inflammatory Arthritis. Discov Immunol 2022; 2:kyac010. [PMID: 38567064 PMCID: PMC10917191 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritides such as rheumatoid arthritis are a major cause of disability. Pre-clinical murine models of inflammatory arthritis continue to be invaluable tools with which to identify and validate therapeutic targets and compounds. The models used are well-characterised and, whilst none truly recapitulates the human disease, they are crucial to researchers seeking to identify novel therapeutic targets and to test efficacy during preclinical trials of novel drug candidates. The arthritis parameters recorded during clinical trials and routine clinical patient care have been carefully standardised, allowing comparison between centres, trials, and treatments. Similar standardisation of scoring across in vivo models has not occurred, which makes interpretation of published results, and comparison between arthritis models, challenging. Here, we include a detailed and readily implementable arthritis scoring system, that increases the breadth of arthritis characteristics captured during experimental arthritis and supports responsive and adaptive monitoring of disease progression in murine models of inflammatory arthritis. In addition, we reference the wider ethical and experimental factors researchers should consider during the experimental design phase, with emphasis on the continued importance of replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal usage in arthritis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiamaka I Chidomere
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mussarat Wahid
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Caroline Chadwick
- Biomedical Services Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Richard Thomas
- Biomedical Services Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rowan S Hardy
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Amy J Naylor
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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9
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Weaver SRC, Rendeiro C, Lucas RAI, Cable NT, Nightingale TE, McGettrick HM, Lucas SJE. Non-pharmacological interventions for vascular health and the role of the endothelium. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:2493-2514. [PMID: 36149520 PMCID: PMC9613570 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The most common non-pharmacological intervention for both peripheral and cerebral vascular health is regular physical activity (e.g., exercise training), which improves function across a range of exercise intensities and modalities. Numerous non-exercising approaches have also been suggested to improved vascular function, including repeated ischemic preconditioning (IPC); heat therapy such as hot water bathing and sauna; and pneumatic compression. Chronic adaptive responses have been observed across a number of these approaches, yet the precise mechanisms that underlie these effects in humans are not fully understood. Acute increases in blood flow and circulating signalling factors that induce responses in endothelial function are likely to be key moderators driving these adaptations. While the impact on circulating factors and environmental mechanisms for adaptation may vary between approaches, in essence, they all centre around acutely elevating blood flow throughout the circulation and stimulating improved endothelium-dependent vascular function and ultimately vascular health. Here, we review our current understanding of the mechanisms driving endothelial adaptation to repeated exposure to elevated blood flow, and the interplay between this response and changes in circulating factors. In addition, we will consider the limitations in our current knowledge base and how these may be best addressed through the selection of more physiologically relevant experimental models and research. Ultimately, improving our understanding of the unique impact that non-pharmacological interventions have on the vasculature will allow us to develop superior strategies to tackle declining vascular function across the lifespan, prevent avoidable vascular-related disease, and alleviate dependency on drug-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R C Weaver
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rebekah A I Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Timothy Cable
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Tom E Nightingale
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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10
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Nayar S, Pontarini E, Campos J, Berardicurti O, Smith CG, Asam S, Gardner DH, Colafrancesco S, Lucchesi D, Coleby R, Chung MM, Iannizzotto V, Hunter K, Bowman SJ, Carlesso G, Herbst R, McGettrick HM, Browning J, Buckley CD, Fisher BA, Bombardieri M, Barone F. Immunofibroblasts regulate LTα3 expression in tertiary lymphoid structures in a pathway dependent on ICOS/ICOSL interaction. Commun Biol 2022; 5:413. [PMID: 35508704 PMCID: PMC9068764 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunofibroblasts have been described within tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) that regulate lymphocyte aggregation at sites of chronic inflammation. Here we report, for the first time, an immunoregulatory property of this population, dependent on inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand and its ligand (ICOS/ICOS-L). During inflammation, immunofibroblasts, alongside other antigen presenting cells, like dendritic cells (DCs), upregulate ICOSL, binding incoming ICOS + T cells and inducing LTα3 production that, in turn, drives the chemokine production required for TLS assembly via TNFRI/II engagement. Pharmacological or genetic blocking of ICOS/ICOS-L interaction results in defective LTα expression, abrogating both lymphoid chemokine production and TLS formation. These data provide evidence of a previously unknown function for ICOSL-ICOS interaction, unveil a novel immunomodulatory function for immunofibroblasts, and reveal a key regulatory function of LTα3, both as biomarker of TLS establishment and as first driver of TLS formation and maintenance in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Nayar
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Birmingham Tissue Analytics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elena Pontarini
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Joana Campos
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Onorina Berardicurti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Charlotte G Smith
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Saba Asam
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - David H Gardner
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,Birmingham Tissue Analytics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Davide Lucchesi
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rachel Coleby
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ming-May Chung
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Valentina Iannizzotto
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Kelly Hunter
- Birmingham Tissue Analytics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Simon J Bowman
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gianluca Carlesso
- Early Oncology ICA, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, MD, USA
| | - Ronald Herbst
- Early Oncology ICA, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, MD, USA
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Jeff Browning
- Departments of Microbiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin A Fisher
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Francesca Barone
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK. .,Candel Therapeutics, Needham, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Sumagin R, Henson SM, Morrison VL, McGettrick HM. Editorial: Targeting Leukocyte Trafficking: Insights and Future Directions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:777002. [PMID: 34675945 PMCID: PMC8524076 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.777002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Sumagin
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sian M. Henson
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky L. Morrison
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M. McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Helen M. McGettrick,
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12
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Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment to the site of injury is a crucial event in the regulation of an inflammatory response. Tight regulation of interactions between the endothelium and circulating leukocytes is necessary to ensure a protective response to injury does not result in inflammatory disease. Rising interest in the broad immunoregulatory roles displayed by members of the glycan-binding galectin family suggests that these proteins could be an attractive target for therapeutic intervention, since their expression is significantly altered in disease. The focus of this review is to summarize current knowledge on the role of galectins in leukocyte trafficking during inflammation and the clinical approaches being taken to target these interactions for treatment of inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey Lightfoot
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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13
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Weaver SR, Skinner BD, Furlong R, Lucas RAI, Cable NT, Rendeiro C, McGettrick HM, Lucas SJE. Corrigendum: Cerebral Hemodynamic and Neurotrophic Factor Responses Are Dependent on the Type of Exercise. Front Physiol 2021; 12:659873. [PMID: 33716797 PMCID: PMC7945589 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.659873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Weaver
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany D Skinner
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rhodri Furlong
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekah A I Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - N Timothy Cable
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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14
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Manning JE, Lewis JW, Marsh LJ, McGettrick HM. Insights Into Leukocyte Trafficking in Inflammatory Arthritis - Imaging the Joint. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:635102. [PMID: 33768093 PMCID: PMC7985076 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.635102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The inappropriate accumulation and activation of leukocytes is a shared pathological feature of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Cellular accumulation is therefore an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. However, attempts to modulate leukocyte entry and exit from the joint have proven unsuccessful to date, indicating that gaps in our knowledge remain. Technological advancements are now allowing real-time tracking of leukocyte movement through arthritic joints or in vitro joint constructs. Coupling this technology with improvements in analyzing the cellular composition, location and interactions of leukocytes with neighboring cells has increased our understanding of the temporal dynamics and molecular mechanisms underpinning pathological accumulation of leukocytes in arthritic joints. In this review, we explore our current understanding of the mechanisms leading to inappropriate leukocyte trafficking in inflammatory arthritis, and how these evolve with disease progression. Moreover, we highlight the advances in imaging of human and murine joints, along with multi-cellular ex vivo joint constructs that have led to our current knowledge base.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Helen M. McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Aging, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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16
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Weaver SR, Rendeiro C, McGettrick HM, Philp A, Lucas SJE. Fine wine or sour grapes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of red wine polyphenols on vascular health. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:1-28. [PMID: 32303823 PMCID: PMC7867547 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Red wine polyphenols (RWP) are plant-based molecules that have been extensively studied in relation to their protective effects on vascular health in both animals and humans. The aim of this review was to quantify and compare the efficacy of RWP and pure resveratrol on outcomes measures of vascular health and function in both animals and humans. METHODS Comprehensive database searches were carried out through PubMed, Web of Science and OVID for randomised, placebo-controlled studies in both animals and humans. Meta-analyses were carried out on acute and chronic studies of RWP in humans, alongside sub-group analysis where possible. Risk-of-bias assessment was carried out for all included studies based on randomisation, allocation, blinding, outcome data reporting, and other biases. RESULTS 48 animal and 37 human studies were included in data extraction following screening. Significant improvements in measures of blood pressure and vascular function following RWP were seen in 84% and 100% of animal studies, respectively. Human studies indicated significant improvements in systolic blood pressure overall (- 2.6 mmHg, 95% CI: [- 4.8, - 0.4]), with a greater improvement in pure-resveratrol studies alone (- 3.7 mmHg, 95% CI: [- 7.3, - 0.0]). No significant effects of RWP were seen in diastolic blood pressure or flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. CONCLUSION RWP have the potential to improve vascular health in at risk human populations, particularly in regard to lowering systolic blood pressure; however, such benefits are not as prevalent as those observed in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Weaver
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Andrew Philp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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17
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Weaver SR, Skinner BD, Furlong R, Lucas RAI, Cable NT, Rendeiro C, McGettrick HM, Lucas SJE. Cerebral Hemodynamic and Neurotrophic Factor Responses Are Dependent on the Type of Exercise. Front Physiol 2021; 11:609935. [PMID: 33551835 PMCID: PMC7859714 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.609935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined acute cerebral hemodynamic and circulating neurotrophic factor responses to moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICT), guideline-based high intensity interval exercise (HIIT), and sprint interval exercise (SIT). We hypothesized that the pattern of middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) response would differ between interval and continuous exercise, with SIT inducing the smallest increase from rest, while increases in neurotrophic factors would be intensity-dependent. In a randomized crossover design, 24 healthy adults (nine females) performed three exercise protocols: (i) MICT (30 min), (ii) HIIT (4 × 4 min at 85% HRmax), and (iii) SIT (4 × 30 s supramaximal). MCAv significantly increased from rest across MICT (Δ13.1 ± 8.5 cm⋅s–1, p < 0.001) and all bouts of HIIT (Δ15.2 ± 9.8 cm⋅s–1, p < 0.001), but only for the initial bout of SIT (Δ17.3 ± 11.6 cm⋅s–1, p < 0.001). Immediately following each interval bout, MCAv increased (i.e., rebounded) for the SIT (9–14% above rest, p ≤ 0.04), but not HIIT protocol. SIT alone induced significant elevations from rest to end-exercise in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; Δ28 ± 36%, p = 0.017) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, Δ149% ± 162%, p < 0.001) and there were greater increases in lactate than in either other protocol (>5-fold greater in SIT, p < 0.001), alongside a small significant reduction at the end of active recovery in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1, Δ22 ± 21%, p = 0.002). In conclusion, while the nature of the response may differ, both guideline-based and sprint-based interval exercise have the potential to induce significant changes in factors linked to improved cerebrovascular and brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Weaver
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany D Skinner
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rhodri Furlong
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekah A I Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - N Timothy Cable
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J E Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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18
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Lewis JW, Edwards JR, Naylor AJ, McGettrick HM. Adiponectin signalling in bone homeostasis, with age and in disease. Bone Res 2021; 9:1. [PMID: 33414405 PMCID: PMC7790832 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-00122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the most abundant circulating adipokine and is primarily involved in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Within the bone, osteoblasts and osteoclasts express the adiponectin receptors, however, there are conflicting reports on the effects of adiponectin on bone formation and turnover. Many studies have shown a pro-osteogenic role for adiponectin in in vivo murine models and in vitro: with increased osteoblast differentiation and activity, alongside lower levels of osteoclastogenesis. However, human studies often demonstrate an inverse relationship between adiponectin concentration and bone activity. Moreover, the presence of multiple isoforms of adiponectin and multiple receptor subtypes has the potential to lead to more complex signalling and functional consequences. As such, we still do not fully understand the importance of the adiponectin signalling pathway in regulating bone homeostasis and repair in health, with age and in disease. In this review, we explore our current understanding of adiponectin bioactivity in the bone; the significance of its different isoforms; and how adiponectin biology is altered in disease. Ultimately, furthering our understanding of adiponectin regulation of bone biology is key to developing pharmacological and non-pharmacological (lifestyle) interventions that target adiponectin signalling to boost bone growth and repair in healthy ageing, following injury or in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Lewis
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - James R Edwards
- Ageing & Regeneration Research Group, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Amy J Naylor
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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19
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Hughes MJ, McGettrick HM, Sapey E. Importance of validating antibody panels: Anti-PD-L1 clone binds AF700 fluorophore. J Immunol Methods 2020; 483:112795. [PMID: 32464141 PMCID: PMC7378575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Researchers routinely use antibodies to assess the expression levels of proteins on the surface or intracellularly in a variety of different cell types. In this current study we highlight the importance of careful validation of antibodies for analysis of protein expression by flow cytometry and how failure to do so can significantly impact the interpretation of the data generated leading to false-positive results. There has been increasing awareness of the role the programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) pathway plays in health and disease and a potential that programme death ligand 1 (PD-L1) may play a role in inflammatory disease. We aimed to investigate PD-L1 expression on human neutrophils isolated from healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We observed an increase in surface expression of PD-L1 by human neutrophils when incubated with AlexaFluor™700-conjugated anti-CD16. Through careful interrogation and antibody validation, we found a novel interaction between a commercially available anti-PD-L1 antibody and the AlexaFluor™700 fluorophore, resulting in this observed increase in PD-L1 signal. Surface expression of PD-L1 was not observed on neutrophils from healthy volunteers or patients with COPD when clone 29E.2A3 of anti-PD-L1 was not used with AlexaFluor™700-conjugated anti-CD16. This highlights the importance of robust antibody validation to ensure antibody compatibility in the context of multi-parametric flow cytometry panels. We also show that, without these validation experiments, novel neutrophil phenotypes could be falsely reported - an important consideration when there is increasing interest in neutrophil heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hughes
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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20
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Law JP, Price AM, Pickup L, Radhakrishnan A, Weston C, Jones AM, McGettrick HM, Chua W, Steeds RP, Fabritz L, Kirchhof P, Pavlovic D, Townend JN, Ferro CJ. Clinical Potential of Targeting Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 and αKlotho in the Treatment of Uremic Cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016041. [PMID: 32212912 PMCID: PMC7428638 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is highly prevalent, affecting 10% to 15% of the adult population worldwide and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. As chronic kidney disease worsens, a unique cardiovascular phenotype develops characterized by heart muscle disease, increased arterial stiffness, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Cardiovascular risk is multifaceted, but most cardiovascular deaths in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease are caused by heart failure and sudden cardiac death. While the exact drivers of these deaths are unknown, they are believed to be caused by uremic cardiomyopathy: a specific pattern of myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, with both diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Although the pathogenesis of uremic cardiomyopathy is likely to be multifactorial, accumulating evidence suggests increased production of fibroblast growth factor-23 and αKlotho deficiency as potential major drivers of cardiac remodeling in patients with uremic cardiomyopathy. In this article we review the increasing understanding of the physiology and clinical aspects of uremic cardiomyopathy and the rapidly increasing knowledge of the biology of both fibroblast growth factor-23 and αKlotho. Finally, we discuss how dissection of these pathological processes is aiding the development of therapeutic options, including small molecules and antibodies, directly aimed at improving the cardiovascular outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Law
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Department of NephrologyUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Anna M. Price
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Department of NephrologyUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Luke Pickup
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Ashwin Radhakrishnan
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Chris Weston
- Institute of Immunology and ImmunotherapyUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research CentreUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Alan M. Jones
- School of PharmacyUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Winnie Chua
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard P. Steeds
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Davor Pavlovic
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Jonathan N. Townend
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Charles J. Ferro
- Birmingham Cardio‐Renal GroupUniversity Hospitals BirminghamUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of BirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Department of NephrologyUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUnited Kingdom
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21
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Hughes MJ, McGettrick HM, Sapey E. Shared mechanisms of multimorbidity in COPD, atherosclerosis and type-2 diabetes: the neutrophil as a potential inflammatory target. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:190102. [PMID: 32198215 PMCID: PMC9488696 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0102-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimorbidity is increasingly common and current healthcare strategies are not always aligned to treat this complex burden of disease. COPD, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and cardiovascular disease, especially atherosclerosis, occur more frequently together than expected, even when risk factors such as smoking, obesity, inactivity and poverty are considered. This supports the possibility of unifying mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis or progression of each condition.Neutrophilic inflammation is causally associated with COPD, and increasingly recognised in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and T2D, potentially forming an aetiological link between conditions. This link might reflect an overspill of inflammation from one affected organ into the systemic circulation, exposing all organs to an increased milieu of proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, increasing evidence supports the involvement of other processes in chronic disease pathogenesis, such as cellular senescence or changes in cellular phenotypes.This review explores the current scientific evidence for inflammation, cellular ageing and cellular processes, such as reactive oxygen species production and phenotypic changes in the pathogenesis of COPD, T2D and atherosclerosis; highlighting common mechanisms shared across these diseases. We identify emerging therapeutic approaches that target these areas, but also where more work is still required to improve our understanding of the underlying cellular biology in a multimorbid disease setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hughes
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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22
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Alanazi A, Munir H, Alassiri M, Ward LSC, McGettrick HM, Nash GB. Comparative adhesive and migratory properties of mesenchymal stem cells from different tissues. Biorheology 2019; 56:15-30. [PMID: 30714948 DOI: 10.3233/bir-180185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are used in therapy, often by injection into the blood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare the adhesive and migratory properties of MSC from umbilical cords (UCMSC), bone marrow (BMMSC) or trabecular bone (TBMSC), which might influence delivery to injured tissue. METHODS MSC were perfused through glass capillaries coated with matrix proteins, collagen or fibronectin, or albumin. Adherent cells were counted microscopically and their spreading analysed over time. MSC migration through 8 μm pore filters coated with the same proteins was analysed. RESULTS The number of MSC adhering to collagen was greater than fibronectin, decreased as wall shear rate increased from 17 to 70 s-1, and was in the order UCMSC>BMMSC>TBMSC. Conversely, spreading was more effective on fibronectin and was in the order BMMSC>TBMSC≥UCMSC. Migration was promoted by coating the lower surface of filters with either matrix protein, with UCMSC migrating more efficiently than BMMSC. CONCLUSIONS MSC show origin-dependent variations in their efficiency of capture from flow and subsequent spreading or ability to migrate on matrix proteins. UCMSC showed most efficient capture from flow, which was followed by less spreading, but more rapid migration. These responses might be associated with more effective delivery from the circulation into damaged tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Alanazi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafsa Munir
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mohammed Alassiri
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lewis S C Ward
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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23
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Croft AP, Campos J, Jansen K, Turner JD, Marshall J, Attar M, Savary L, Wehmeyer C, Naylor AJ, Kemble S, Begum J, Dürholz K, Perlman H, Barone F, McGettrick HM, Fearon DT, Wei K, Raychaudhuri S, Korsunsky I, Brenner MB, Coles M, Sansom SN, Filer A, Buckley CD. Distinct fibroblast subsets drive inflammation and damage in arthritis. Nature 2019; 570:246-251. [PMID: 31142839 PMCID: PMC6690841 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of lymphocyte subsets with non-overlapping effector functions has been pivotal to the development of targeted therapies in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs)1,2. However, it remains unclear whether fibroblast subclasses with non-overlapping functions also exist and are responsible for the wide variety of tissue-driven processes observed in IMIDs, such as inflammation and damage3-5. Here we identify and describe the biology of distinct subsets of fibroblasts responsible for mediating either inflammation or tissue damage in arthritis. We show that deletion of fibroblast activation protein-α (FAPα)+ fibroblasts suppressed both inflammation and bone erosions in mouse models of resolving and persistent arthritis. Single-cell transcriptional analysis identified two distinct fibroblast subsets within the FAPα+ population: FAPα+THY1+ immune effector fibroblasts located in the synovial sub-lining, and FAPα+THY1- destructive fibroblasts restricted to the synovial lining layer. When adoptively transferred into the joint, FAPα+THY1- fibroblasts selectively mediate bone and cartilage damage with little effect on inflammation, whereas transfer of FAPα+ THY1+ fibroblasts resulted in a more severe and persistent inflammatory arthritis, with minimal effect on bone and cartilage. Our findings describing anatomically discrete, functionally distinct fibroblast subsets with non-overlapping functions have important implications for cell-based therapies aimed at modulating inflammation and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Croft
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joana Campos
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kathrin Jansen
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason D Turner
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jennifer Marshall
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Moustafa Attar
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Loriane Savary
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Corinna Wehmeyer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Amy J Naylor
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jenefa Begum
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kerstin Dürholz
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harris Perlman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Francesca Barone
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Kevin Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilya Korsunsky
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael B Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Coles
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen N Sansom
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Filer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- MRC and Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
- Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC and Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
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24
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Hopkin SJ, Lewis JW, Krautter F, Chimen M, McGettrick HM. Triggering the Resolution of Immune Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: Can Targeting Leukocyte Migration Be the Answer? Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:184. [PMID: 30881306 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment is a pivotal process in the regulation and resolution of an inflammatory episode. It is vital for the protective responses to microbial infection and tissue damage, but is the unwanted reaction contributing to pathology in many immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Indeed, it is now recognized that patients with IMIDs have defects in at least one, if not multiple, check-points regulating the entry and exit of leukocytes from the inflamed site. In this review, we will explore our understanding of the imbalance in recruitment that permits the accumulation and persistence of leukocytes in IMIDs. We will highlight old and novel pharmacological tools targeting these processes in an attempt to trigger resolution of the inflammatory response. In this context, we will focus on cytokines, chemokines, known pro-resolving lipid mediators and potential novel lipids (e.g., sphingosine-1-phosphate), along with the actions of glucocorticoids mediated by 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J Hopkin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan W Lewis
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Franziska Krautter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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25
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Ward LSC, Sheriff L, Marshall JL, Manning JE, Brill A, Nash GB, McGettrick HM. Podoplanin regulates the migration of mesenchymal stromal cells and their interaction with platelets. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.222067. [PMID: 30745334 PMCID: PMC6432720 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) upregulate podoplanin at sites of infection, chronic inflammation and cancer. Here, we investigated the functional consequences of podoplanin expression on the migratory potential of MSCs and their interactions with circulating platelets. Expression of podoplanin significantly enhanced the migration of MSCs compared to MSCs lacking podoplanin. Rac-1 inhibition altered the membrane localisation of podoplanin and in turn significantly reduced MSC migration. Blocking Rac-1 activity had no effect on the migration of MSCs lacking podoplanin, indicating that it was responsible for regulation of migration through podoplanin. When podoplanin-expressing MSCs were seeded on the basal surface of a porous filter, they were able to capture platelets perfused over the uncoated apical surface and induce platelet aggregation. Similar microthrombi were observed when endothelial cells (ECs) were co-cultured on the apical surface. Confocal imaging shows podoplanin-expressing MSCs extending processes into the EC layer, and these processes could interact with circulating platelets. In both models, platelet aggregation induced by podoplanin-expressing MSCs was inhibited by treatment with recombinant soluble C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2; encoded by the gene Clec1b). Thus, podoplanin may enhance the migratory capacity of tissue-resident MSCs and enable novel interactions with cells expressing CLEC-2. Summary: Podoplanin enhances the migration of mesenchymal stromal cells in a Rac-1-dependent manner, enabling direct interactions of subendothelial stroma with circulating platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis S C Ward
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Lozan Sheriff
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jennifer L Marshall
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Julia E Manning
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Alexander Brill
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,Centre of Membrane and Protein and Receptors (COMPARE), Institute for Biomedical Research, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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26
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de Winde CM, Matthews AL, van Deventer S, van der Schaaf A, Tomlinson ND, Jansen E, Eble JA, Nieswandt B, McGettrick HM, Figdor CG, Tomlinson MG, Acton SE, van Spriel AB. C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2)-dependent dendritic cell migration is controlled by tetraspanin CD37. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs214551. [PMID: 30185523 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.214551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is central to evoking a potent immune response. Dendritic cell (DC) migration to lymph nodes is dependent on the interaction of C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2; encoded by the gene Clec1b), expressed by DCs, with podoplanin, expressed by lymph node stromal cells, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that CLEC-2-dependent DC migration is controlled by tetraspanin CD37, a membrane-organizing protein. We identified a specific interaction between CLEC-2 and CD37, and myeloid cells lacking CD37 (Cd37-/-) expressed reduced surface CLEC-2. CLEC-2-expressing Cd37-/- DCs showed impaired adhesion, migration velocity and displacement on lymph node stromal cells. Moreover, Cd37-/- DCs failed to form actin protrusions in a 3D collagen matrix upon podoplanin-induced CLEC-2 stimulation, phenocopying CLEC-2-deficient DCs. Microcontact printing experiments revealed that CD37 is required for CLEC-2 recruitment in the membrane to its ligand podoplanin. Finally, Cd37-/- DCs failed to inhibit actomyosin contractility in lymph node stromal cells, thus phenocopying CLEC-2-deficient DCs. This study demonstrates that tetraspanin CD37 controls CLEC-2 membrane organization and provides new molecular insights into the mechanisms underlying CLEC-2-dependent DC migration.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M de Winde
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Tumor Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Sjoerd van Deventer
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Tumor Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alie van der Schaaf
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Tumor Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Neil D Tomlinson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Erik Jansen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Tumor Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- University Clinic of Würzburg and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Tumor Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G Tomlinson
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Sophie E Acton
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Annemiek B van Spriel
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Tumor Immunology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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27
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28
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Sheriff L, Alanazi A, Ward LSC, Ward C, Munir H, Rayes J, Alassiri M, Watson SP, Newsome PN, Rainger GE, Kalia N, Frampton J, McGettrick HM, Nash GB. Origin-Specific Adhesive Interactions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Platelets Influence Their Behavior After Infusion. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1062-1074. [PMID: 29488279 PMCID: PMC6099218 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the adhesive behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in blood, which might influence their fate when infused as therapy. Isolated human bone marrow MSC (BMMSC) or umbilical cord MSC (UCMSC) adhered efficiently from flow to the matrix proteins, collagen, or fibronectin, but did not adhere to endothelial selectins. However, when suspended in blood, BMMSC no longer adhered to collagen, while UCMSC adhered along with many aggregated platelets. Neither MSC adhered to fibronectin from flowing blood, although the fibronectin surface did become coated with a platelet monolayer. UCMSC induced platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma, and caused a marked drop in platelet count when mixed with whole human or mouse blood in vitro, or when infused into mice. In contrast, BMMSC did not activate platelets or induce changes in platelet count. Interestingly, isolated UCMSC and BMMSC both adhered to predeposited platelets. The differences in behavior in blood were attributable to expression of podoplanin (an activating ligand for the platelet receptor CLEC‐2), which was detected on UCMSC, but not BMMSC. Thus, platelets were activated when bound to UCMSC, but not BMMSC. Platelet aggregation by UCMSC was inhibited by recombinant soluble CLEC‐2, and UCMSC did not cause a reduction in platelet count when mixed with blood from mice deficient in CLEC‐2. We predict that both MSC would carry platelets in the blood, but their interaction with vascular endothelium would depend on podoplanin‐induced activation of the bound platelets. Such interactions with platelets might target MSC to damaged tissue, but could also be thrombotic. Stem Cells2018;36:1062–1074
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Affiliation(s)
- Lozan Sheriff
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Asma Alanazi
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Medical College, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Lewis S C Ward
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carl Ward
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hafsa Munir
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Rayes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Alassiri
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Medical College, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Phil N Newsome
- Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research, Liver Biomedical Research Unit at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G E Rainger
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Neena Kalia
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Frampton
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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29
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Abstract
This chapter discusses the regulatory role of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) during an inflammatory response. MSC are a heterogeneous population of multipotent cells that normally contribute towards tissue maintenance and repair but have garnered significant scientific interest for their potent immunomodulatory potential. It is through these physicochemical interactions that MSC are able to exert an anti-inflammatory response on neighbouring stromal and haematopoietic cells. However, the impact of the chronic inflammatory environment on MSC function remains to be determined. Understanding the relationship of MSC between resolution of inflammation and autoimmunity will both offer new insights in the use of MSC as a therapeutic, and also their involvement in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Munir
- MRC Cancer Unit/Hutchison, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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30
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Filer A, Ward LSC, Kemble S, Davies CS, Munir H, Rogers R, Raza K, Buckley CD, Nash GB, McGettrick HM. Identification of a transitional fibroblast function in very early rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:2105-2112. [PMID: 28847766 PMCID: PMC5705853 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Synovial fibroblasts actively regulate the inflammatory infiltrate by communicating with neighbouring endothelial cells (EC). Surprisingly, little is known about how the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) alters these immunomodulatory properties. We examined the effects of phase of RA and disease outcome (resolving vs persistence) on fibroblast crosstalk with EC and regulation of lymphocyte recruitment. METHODS Fibroblasts were isolated from patients without synovitis, with resolving arthritis, very early RA (VeRA; symptom ≤12 weeks) and established RA undergoing joint replacement (JRep) surgery. Endothelial-fibroblast cocultures were formed on opposite sides of porous filters. Lymphocyte adhesion from flow, secretion of soluble mediators and interleukin 6 (IL-6) signalling were assessed. RESULTS Fibroblasts from non-inflamed and resolving arthritis were immunosuppressive, inhibiting lymphocyte recruitment to cytokine-treated endothelium. This effect was lost very early in the development of RA, such that fibroblasts no longer suppressed recruitment. Changes in IL-6 and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) signalling appeared critical for the loss of the immunosuppressive phenotype. In the absence of exogenous cytokines, JRep, but not VeRA, fibroblasts activated endothelium to support lymphocyte. CONCLUSIONS In RA, fibroblasts undergo two distinct changes in function: first a loss of immunosuppressive responses early in disease development, followed by the later acquisition of a stimulatory phenotype. Fibroblasts exhibit a transitional functional phenotype during the first 3 months of symptoms that contributes to the accumulation of persistent infiltrates. Finally, the role of IL-6 and TGF-β1 changes from immunosuppressive in resolving arthritis to stimulatory very early in the development of RA. Early interventions targeting 'pathogenic' fibroblasts may be required in order to restore protective regulatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Filer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Rheumatology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lewis S C Ward
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Hafsa Munir
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rebekah Rogers
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK
| | - Karim Raza
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Rheumatology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher Dominic Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Rheumatology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Arthritis Research UK Centre of Excellence in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK
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Munir H, Ward LSC, Sheriff L, Kemble S, Nayar S, Barone F, Nash GB, McGettrick HM. Adipogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alters Their Immunomodulatory Properties in a Tissue-Specific Manner. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1636-1646. [PMID: 28376564 PMCID: PMC6052434 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is associated with formation of ectopic fat deposits that might represent damage-induced aberrant mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation. Such deposits are associated with increased levels of inflammatory infiltrate and poor prognosis. Here we tested the hypothesis that differentiation from MSC to adipocytes in inflamed tissue might contribute to chronicity through loss of immunomodulatory function. We assessed the effects of adipogenic differentiation of MSC isolated from bone marrow or adipose tissue on their capacity to regulate neutrophil recruitment by endothelial cells and compared the differentiated cells to primary adipocytes from adipose tissue. Bone marrow derived MSC were immunosuppressive, inhibiting neutrophil recruitment to TNFα-treated endothelial cells (EC), but MSC-derived adipocytes were no longer able to suppress neutrophil adhesion. Changes in IL-6 and TGFβ1 signalling appeared critical for the loss of the immunosuppressive phenotype. In contrast, native stromal cells, adipocytes derived from them, and mature adipocytes from adipose tissue were all immunoprotective. Thus disruption of normal tissue stroma homeostasis, as occurs in chronic inflammatory diseases, might drive "abnormal" adipogenesis which adversely influences the behavior of MSC and contributes to pathogenic recruitment of leukocytes. Interestingly, stromal cells programmed in native fat tissue retain an immunoprotective phenotype. Stem Cells 2017;35:1636-1646.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Munir
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Lewis S C Ward
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lozan Sheriff
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Saba Nayar
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Barone
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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32
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Chimen M, Yates CM, McGettrick HM, Ward LSC, Harrison MJ, Apta B, Dib LH, Imhof BA, Harrison P, Nash GB, Rainger GE. Monocyte Subsets Coregulate Inflammatory Responses by Integrated Signaling through TNF and IL-6 at the Endothelial Cell Interface. J Immunol 2017; 198:2834-2843. [PMID: 28193827 PMCID: PMC5357784 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Two major monocyte subsets, CD14+CD16− (classical) and CD14+/dimCD16+ (nonclassical/intermediate), have been described. Each has different functions ascribed in its interactions with vascular endothelial cells (EC), including migration and promoting inflammation. Although monocyte subpopulations have been studied in isolated systems, their influence on EC and on the course of inflammation has been ignored. In this study, using unstimulated or cytokine-activated EC, we observed significant differences in the recruitment, migration, and reverse migration of human monocyte subsets. Associated with this, and based on their patterns of cytokine secretion, there was a difference in their capacity to activate EC and support the secondary recruitment of flowing neutrophils. High levels of TNF were detected in cocultures with nonclassical/intermediate monocytes, the blockade of which significantly reduced neutrophil recruitment. In contrast, classical monocytes secreted high levels of IL-6, the blockade of which resulted in increased neutrophil recruitment. When cocultures contained both monocyte subsets, or when conditioned supernatant from classical monocytes cocultures (IL-6hi) was added to nonclassical/intermediate monocyte cocultures (TNFhi), the activating effects of TNF were dramatically reduced, implying that when present, the anti-inflammatory activities of IL-6 were dominant over the proinflammatory activities of TNF. These changes in neutrophil recruitment could be explained by regulation of E-selectin on the cocultured EC. This study suggests that recruited human monocyte subsets trigger a regulatory pathway of cytokine-mediated signaling at the EC interface, and we propose that this is a mechanism for limiting the phlogistic activity of newly recruited monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Clara M Yates
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Lewis S C Ward
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Matthew J Harrison
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Bonita Apta
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Lea H Dib
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Beat A Imhof
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Harrison
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - G Ed Rainger
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom;
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Nayar S, Campos J, Chung MM, Navarro-Núñez L, Chachlani M, Steinthal N, Gardner DH, Rankin P, Cloake T, Caamaño JH, McGettrick HM, Watson SP, Luther S, Buckley CD, Barone F. Bimodal Expansion of the Lymphatic Vessels Is Regulated by the Sequential Expression of IL-7 and Lymphotoxin α1β2 in Newly Formed Tertiary Lymphoid Structures. J Immunol 2016; 197:1957-67. [PMID: 27474071 PMCID: PMC4991245 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis associated with tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) has been reported in numerous studies. However, the kinetics and dynamic changes occurring to the lymphatic vascular network during TLS development have not been studied. Using a viral-induced, resolving model of TLS formation in the salivary glands of adult mice we demonstrate that the expansion of the lymphatic vascular network is tightly regulated. Lymphatic vessel expansion occurs in two distinct phases. The first wave of expansion is dependent on IL-7. The second phase, responsible for leukocyte exit from the glands, is regulated by lymphotoxin (LT)βR signaling. These findings, while highlighting the tight regulation of the lymphatic response to inflammation, suggest that targeting the LTα1β2/LTβR pathway in TLS-associated pathologies might impair a natural proresolving mechanism for lymphocyte exit from the tissues and account for the failure of therapeutic strategies that target these molecules in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Nayar
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Campos
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Ming May Chung
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Leyre Navarro-Núñez
- Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Menka Chachlani
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Steinthal
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - David H Gardner
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Rankin
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Cloake
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge H Caamaño
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Steve P Watson
- Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjiv Luther
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Barone
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2WD, United Kingdom;
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34
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Munir H, Luu NT, Clarke LSC, Nash GB, McGettrick HM. Comparative Ability of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Different Tissues to Limit Neutrophil Recruitment to Inflamed Endothelium. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155161. [PMID: 27171357 PMCID: PMC4865100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are tissue-resident stromal cells capable of modulating immune responses, including leukocyte recruitment by endothelial cells (EC). However, the comparative potency of MSC from different sources in suppressing recruitment, and the necessity for close contact with endothelium remain uncertain, although these factors have implications for use of MSC in therapy. We thus compared the effects of MSC isolated from bone marrow, Wharton's jelly, and trabecular bone on neutrophil recruitment to cytokine-stimulated EC, using co-culture models with different degrees of proximity between MSC and EC. All types of MSC suppressed neutrophil adhesion to inflamed endothelium but not neutrophil transmigration, whether directly incorporated into endothelial monolayers or separated from them by thin micropore filters. Further increase in the separation of the two cell types tended to reduce efficacy, although this diminution was least for the bone marrow MSC. Immuno-protective effects of MSC were also diminished with repeated passage; with BMMSC, but not WJMSC, completing losing their suppressive effect by passage 7. Conditioned media from all co-cultures suppressed neutrophil recruitment, and IL-6 was identified as a common bioactive mediator. These results suggest endogenous MSC have a homeostatic role in limiting inflammatory leukocyte infiltration in a range of tissues. Since released soluble mediators might have effects locally or remotely, infusion of MSC into blood or direct injection into target organs might be efficacious, but in either case, cross-talk between EC and MSC appears necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Munir
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Nguyet-Thin Luu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis S. C. Clarke
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard B. Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M. McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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35
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Munir H, Benjamin A, Allwood JW, Dunn WB, He S, Nash GB, McGettrick HM. A1.18 Mesenchymal stem cells lose their immuno-protective effects upon changes in their local microenvironment. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209124.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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36
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Juarez M, McGettrick HM, Scheel-Toellner D, Yeo L, Spengler J, de Paz B, Hardy R, Cooper M, Raza K, Buckley CD, Filer A. DKK1 expression by synovial fibroblasts in very early rheumatoid arthritis associates with lymphocyte adhesion in an in vitro flow co-culture system. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:14. [PMID: 26782930 PMCID: PMC4718043 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-0915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synovial fibroblasts play a key role in joint destruction and regulation of the inflammatory infiltrate in established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The mechanisms by which this occurs in the earliest stages of RA are largely unknown. We investigated the role of Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) produced by synovial fibroblasts of patients with very early rheumatoid arthritis (VeRA). Methods Fibroblasts were isolated from the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug–naive Birmingham early arthritis cohort of patients with new onset of clinically apparent arthritis and inflammatory symptoms of ≤12 weeks’ duration, who at follow-up had either resolving arthritis or RA. Endothelial fibroblast co-cultures were formed using porous filters, and lymphocyte adhesion to co-cultures was assessed using phase-contrast microscopy. DKK1 gene expression and secretion were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results Synovial fibroblasts from patients with VeRA expressed significantly higher levels of DKK1 messenger RNA than those from patients with resolving arthritis. A similar trend was observed for DKK1 protein secretion. In co-culture constructs, more DKK1 tended to be secreted in co-cultures incorporating fibroblasts from VeRA than in co-cultures from non-inflamed joints and resolving arthritis. DKK1 secretion during co-culture positively correlated with lymphocyte adhesion. Conclusions Alterations in DKK1 could be involved in the pathogenesis and perpetuation of the inflammatory response in the earliest clinically apparent stages of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Juarez
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Dagmar Scheel-Toellner
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Lorraine Yeo
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Julia Spengler
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Banesa de Paz
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Rowan Hardy
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Mark Cooper
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia.
| | - Karim Raza
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK. .,Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, B18 7QH, UK.
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK. .,Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, B18 7QH, UK.
| | - Andrew Filer
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK. .,University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
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Abstract
Methods are described for analyzing adhesion of isolated cells (such as leukocytes, tumor cells, or precursor cells) to purified adhesion receptors or cultured endothelial cells. "Static" assays (where cells are allowed to settle on the adhesive substrates) and flow-based assays (where cells are perfused over the substrates) are compared. Direct observations of the time course of adhesion and migration can be made when purified proteins or endothelial cells are cultured in plates, after cells are allowed to settle onto them for a desired period. In the flow-based assay, cells are perfused through coated glass capillaries, flow-channels incorporating coated plates, or commercially available preformed channels. Again, direct video-microscopic observations are made. In this assay various stages of capture, immobilization, and migration can be followed. In general, the static systems have higher throughput and greatest ease of use, but yield less detailed information, while the flow-based assay is most difficult to set up but is most physiologically relevant if one is interested in the dynamics of adhesion in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Butler
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gerard B Nash
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Munir
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M. McGettrick
- School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Zalli A, Bosch JA, Goodyear O, Riddell N, McGettrick HM, Moss P, Wallace GR. Targeting ß2 adrenergic receptors regulate human T cell function directly and indirectly. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 45:211-8. [PMID: 25526818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that central nervous system activation affects peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) function through the release of the catecholamines (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE), which act on ß2-adrenergic receptors (ß2AR). However, most studies have used non-specific stimulation of cells rather than antigen-specific responses. Likewise, few studies have parsed out the direct effects of ß2AR stimulation on T cells versus indirect effects via adrenergic stimulation of antigen presenting cells (APC). Here we report the effect of salmeterol (Sal), a selective ß2AR agonist, on IFN-γ(+) CD4 and IFN-γ(+) CD8 T cells following stimulation with Cytomegalovirus lysate (CMVL-strain AD169) or individual peptides spanning the entire region of the HCMV pp65 protein (pp65). Cells were also stimulated with Staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Additionally, we investigated the effect of Epi and Sal on cytotoxic cell killing of transfected target cells at the single cell level using the CD107a assay. The results show that Sal reduced the percentage of IFN-γ(+) CD4 and IFN-γ(+) CD8 T cells both when applied directly to isolated T cells, and indirectly via treatment of APC. These inhibitory effects were mediated via a ß2 adrenergic-dependent pathway and were stronger for CD8 as compared to CD4 T cells. Similarly, the results show that Sal suppressed cytotoxicity of both CD8 T and NK cells in vitro following stimulation with Chinese hamster ovary cell line transfected with MICA(*009) (T-CHO) and the human erythromyeloblastoid leukemic (K562) cell line. The inhibitory effect on cytotoxicity following stimulation with T-CHO was stronger in NK cells compared with CD8 T cells. Thus, targeting the ß2AR on lymphocytes and on APC leads to inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production and target cell killing. Moreover, there is a hierarchy of responses, with CD8 T cells and NK cells inhibited more effectively than CD4 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zalli
- School of Sports and Exercise, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - J A Bosch
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - O Goodyear
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - N Riddell
- School of Sports and Exercise, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - H M McGettrick
- School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - P Moss
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - G R Wallace
- School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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40
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McGettrick HM, Naame N, He S, Raza K, Nash GB, Buckley CD, Filer A. A6.6 Functional pathways in endothelial cells are differentially regulated by fibroblasts from patients with RA and resolving disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207259.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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41
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Luo D, McGettrick HM, Stone PC, Rainger GE, Nash GB. The roles of integrins in function of human neutrophils after their migration through endothelium into interstitial matrix. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118593. [PMID: 25706870 PMCID: PMC4338182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the changes in neutrophil phenotype and function after transendothelial migration, and the roles played by integrin receptors in their behaviour. Neutrophils were tracked microscopically as they migrated through endothelial cells into collagen gels, and were retrieved at desired times. When endothelial cells were treated with increasing doses of tumour necrosis factor-α, neutrophils not only migrated in greater number, but also to a greater depth in the gel. Apoptosis was barely detectable in neutrophils retrieved after 24h, and many remained viable and motile at 48h. Neutrophils retrieved after 1h had increased oxidative capacity and at 24h had similar capacity as freshly-isolated neutrophils. However, by then they had impaired ability to phagocytose bacteria. Compared to fresh neutrophils, total mRNA was halved by 24h, but while β2-integrin expression decreased, β1- and β3-integrin increased along with ICAM-1. Studies of integrin blockade indicated that while β2-integrins were needed to cross the endothelial barrier, no integrins were required for migration within the gel. β2-integrins also contributed to phagocytosis, but their binding was not required for prolonged survival. These results demonstrate a model for integrated analysis of neutrophil migration and function, and describe development of effector functions and the roles of integrins in human neutrophils for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Luo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M. McGettrick
- School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Phil C. Stone
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - George E. Rainger
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard B. Nash
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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42
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Wragg JW, Durant S, McGettrick HM, Sample KM, Egginton S, Bicknell R. Shear stress regulated gene expression and angiogenesis in vascular endothelium. Microcirculation 2015; 21:290-300. [PMID: 24471792 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of vascular EC is greatly altered in sites of pathological angiogenesis, such as a developing tumor or atherosclerotic plaque. Until recently it was thought that this was largely due to abnormal chemical signaling, i.e., endothelial cell chemo transduction, at these sites. However, we now demonstrate that the shear stress intensity encountered by EC can have a profound impact on their gene expression and behavior. We review the growing body of evidence suggesting that mechanotransduction, too, is a major regulator of pathological angiogenesis. This fits with the evolving story of physiological angiogenesis, where a combination of metabolic and mechanical signaling is emerging as the probable mechanism by which tight feedback regulation of angiogenesis is achieved in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Wragg
- Angiogenesis Group, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, Schools of Immunity and Infection and Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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43
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Luu NT, McGettrick HM, Buckley CD, Newsome PN, Rainger GE, Frampton J, Nash GB. Crosstalk between mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial cells leads to downregulation of cytokine-induced leukocyte recruitment. Stem Cells 2015; 31:2690-702. [PMID: 23939932 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunomodulatory properties, but their effects on endothelial cells (EC) and recruitment of leukocytes are unknown. We cocultured human bone marrow-derived MSC with EC and found that MSC could downregulate adhesion of flowing neutrophils or lymphocytes and their subsequent transendothelial migration. This applied for EC treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), interleukin-1β (IL-1), or TNF and interferon-γ combined. Supernatant from cocultures also inhibited endothelial responses. This supernatant had much higher levels of IL-6 than supernatant from cultures of the individual cells, which also lacked inhibitory functions. Addition of neutralizing antibody against IL-6 removed the bioactivity of the supernatant and also the immunomodulatory effects of coculture. Studies using siRNA showed that IL-6 came mainly from the MSC in coculture, and reduction in production in MSC alone was sufficient to impair the protective effects of coculture. Interestingly, siRNA knockdown of IL-6-receptor expression in MSC as well as EC inhibited anti-inflammatory effects. This was explained when we detected soluble IL-6R receptor in supernatants and showed that receptor removal reduced the potency of supernatant. Neutralization of transforming growth factor-β indicated that activation of this factor in coculture contributed to IL-6 production. Thus, crosstalk between MSC and EC caused upregulation of production of IL-6 by MSC which in turn downregulated the response of EC to inflammatory cytokines, an effect potentiated by MSC release of soluble IL-6R. These studies establish a novel mechanism by which MSC might have protective effects against inflammatory pathology and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Thin Luu
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Naylor AJ, McGettrick HM, Maynard WD, May P, Barone F, Croft AP, Egginton S, Buckley CD. A differential role for CD248 (Endosialin) in PDGF-mediated skeletal muscle angiogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107146. [PMID: 25243742 PMCID: PMC4171374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CD248 (Endosialin) is a type 1 membrane protein involved in developmental and pathological angiogenesis through its expression on pericytes and regulation of PDGFRβ signalling. Here we explore the function of CD248 in skeletal muscle angiogenesis. Two distinct forms of capillary growth (splitting and sprouting) can be induced separately by increasing microcirculatory shear stress (chronic vasodilator treatment) or by inducing functional overload (extirpation of a synergistic muscle). We show that CD248 is present on pericytes in muscle and that CD248-/- mice have a specific defect in capillary sprouting. In contrast, splitting angiogenesis is independent of CD248 expression. Endothelial cells respond to pro-sprouting angiogenic stimulus by up-regulating gene expression for HIF1α, angiopoietin 2 and its receptor TEK, PDGF-B and its receptor PDGFRβ; this response did not occur following a pro-splitting angiogenic stimulus. In wildtype mice, defective sprouting angiogenesis could be mimicked by blocking PDGFRβ signalling using the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib mesylate. We conclude that CD248 is required for PDGFRβ-dependant capillary sprouting but not splitting angiogenesis, and identify a new role for CD248 expressed on pericytes in the early stages of physiological angiogenesis during muscle remodelling.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Angiopoietin-2/genetics
- Angiopoietin-2/metabolism
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Capillaries/drug effects
- Capillaries/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Pericytes/drug effects
- Pericytes/metabolism
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism
- Prazosin/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J. Naylor
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M. McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
- Systems Science for Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - William D. Maynard
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa May
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Barone
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P. Croft
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Egginton
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D. Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
- Systems Science for Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
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Kuravi SJ, McGettrick HM, Satchell SC, Saleem MA, Harper L, Williams JM, Rainger GE, Savage COS. Podocytes regulate neutrophil recruitment by glomerular endothelial cells via IL-6-mediated crosstalk. J Immunol 2014; 193:234-43. [PMID: 24872191 PMCID: PMC4067868 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stromal cells actively modulate the inflammatory process, in part by influencing the ability of neighboring endothelial cells to support the recruitment of circulating leukocytes. We hypothesized that podocytes influence the ability of glomerular endothelial cells (GEnCs) to recruit neutrophils during inflammation. To address this, human podocytes and human GEnCs were cultured on opposite sides of porous inserts and then treated with or without increasing concentrations of TNF-α prior to addition of neutrophils. The presence of podocytes significantly reduced neutrophil recruitment to GEnCs by up to 50% when cultures were treated with high-dose TNF-α (100 U/ml), when compared with GEnC monocultures. Importantly, this phenomenon was dependent on paracrine actions of soluble IL-6, predominantly released by podocytes. A similar response was absent when HUVECs were cocultured with podocytes, indicating a tissue-specific phenomenon. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 elicited the immunosuppressive actions of IL-6 in a process that disrupted the presentation of chemokines on GEnCs by altering the expression of the duffy Ag receptor for chemokines. Interestingly, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 knockdown in GEnCs upregulated duffy Ag receptor for chemokines and CXCL5 expression, thereby restoring the neutrophil recruitment. In summary, these studies reveal that podocytes can negatively regulate neutrophil recruitment to inflamed GEnCs by modulating IL-6 signaling, identifying a potential novel anti-inflammatory role of IL-6 in renal glomeruli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi J Kuravi
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom;
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Simon C Satchell
- Academic Renal Unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
| | - Moin A Saleem
- Academic Renal Unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
| | - Lorraine Harper
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Julie M Williams
- Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom; and
| | - George Ed Rainger
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline O S Savage
- School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Bayley R, Kite KA, McGettrick HM, Smith JP, Kitas GD, Buckley CD, Young SP. The autoimmune-associated genetic variant PTPN22 R620W enhances neutrophil activation and function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and healthy individuals. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1588-95. [PMID: 24665115 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A genetic variant of the leukocyte phosphatase PTPN22 (R620W) is strongly associated with autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Functional studies on the variant have focussed on lymphocytes, but it is most highly expressed in neutrophils. We have investigated the effects of the variant on neutrophil function in health and in patients with RA. METHODS Healthy individuals and patients with RA were genotyped for PTPN22 (R620W) and neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood. Neutrophil adhesion and migration across inflamed endothelium were measured. Calcium (Ca(2+)) release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to fMLP stimulation were also assessed. RESULTS Expression of R620W enhanced neutrophil migration through cytokine activated endothelium (non-R620W=24%, R620W=45% migrating cells, p<0.001). Following fMLP stimulation, neutrophils that were heterozygous and homozygous for R620W released significantly more Ca(2+) when compared to non-R620W neutrophils, in healthy individuals and patients with RA. fMLP stimulation, after TNF-α priming, provoked more ROS from neutrophils heterozygous for R620W in patients with RA (non-R620W vs R620W=∼1.75-fold increase) and healthy individuals (non-R620W vs R620W=fourfold increase) and this increase was statistically significant in healthy individuals (p<0.001) but not in patients with RA (p<0.25). CONCLUSIONS Expression of PTPN22 (R620W) enhanced neutrophil effector functions in health and RA, with migration, Ca(2+) release and production of ROS increased. Neutrophils are found in large numbers in the RA joint, and this hyperactivity of R620W cells may directly contribute to the joint damage, as well as to the initiation and perpetuation of the chronic immune-mediated inflammatory processes driving the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bayley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kerry A Kite
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jacqueline P Smith
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust, Russell's Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK
| | - George D Kitas
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust, Russell's Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephen P Young
- Rheumatology Research Group, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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McGettrick HM, Filer A, Raza K, Nash GB, Buckley CD. A1.44 Fibroblasts lose their immunosuppressive ability early in the development of rheumatoid arthritis: effects on lymphocyte recruitment. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205124.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chimen M, McGettrick HM, Yates C, Martin A, Barone F, Walker L, Buckley C, Nash G, Narendran P, Rainger GE. 187 THE PEPTIDE INHIBITOR OF TRANS-ENDOTHELIAL MIGRATION, PEPITEM, A NOVEL IMMUNE REGUALTORY AGENT, CONTROLS T-CELL TRAFFICKING DURING INFLAMMATION, A TONIC INHIBITORY PATHWAY THAT IS LOST IN CHRONIC DISEASE. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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McGettrick HM, Filer A, Raza K, Nash GB, Buckley CD. A1.2 Fibroblasts Influence Lymphocyte Recruitment and Migration During Resolving and Persistent Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203214.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jeffery HC, Filer A, Buckley CD, Ed Rainger G, Nash GB, McGettrick HM. Fibroblasts from different tissues promote entry but retain lymphocytes in 3D models of tissue. Ann Rheum Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201235.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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