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Wang Z, Ding C, Tong Z, Yang L, Xiang S, Liang Y. Characterization and expression analysis of a thaumatin-like protein PpTLP1 from ground cherry Physalis pubescens. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127731. [PMID: 38287567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Ground cherry, Physalis pubescens, is mainly cultivated as a fruit worldwide and popularly used as a food supplement and traditional Chinese medicine. Plants are challenged by external environmental stress and can initiate resistance to the stress through the regulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. Among PR proteins, PR-5, a thaumatin-like protein (TLP), was identified in many plants and found to be able to enhance stress resistance. However, PR-5 in ground cherry is not characterized and its expression is yet to be understood. In this study, a PR-5 protein PpTLP1 in P. pubescens was firstly identified. Analysis of the amino acid sequences revealed that PpTLP1 was highly similar to PR-NP24 identified in tomato with a difference in only one amino acid. Expression analysis indicated that the PpTLP1 gene was highly expressed in leaf while the PpTLP1 protein was tissue-specifically accumulated in cherry exocarp. Furthermore, the down-regulation of PpTLP1 in ground cherry was induced by NaCl treatment while the up-regulation was promoted by the infection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea. This study will provide a new plant resource containing a TLP in Physalis genus and a novel insight for the improvement of postharvest management of ground cherry and other Solanaceae plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Chengsong Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhipeng Tong
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Liuliu Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shibo Xiang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yue Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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2
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Jacobs M, Thompson S, Platts AE, Body MJA, Kelsey A, Saad A, Abeli P, Teresi SJ, Schilmiller A, Beaudry R, Feldmann MJ, Knapp SJ, Song GQ, Miles T, Edger PP. Uncovering genetic and metabolite markers associated with resistance against anthracnose fruit rot in northern highbush blueberry. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad169. [PMID: 38025975 PMCID: PMC10660357 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose fruit rot (AFR), caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae, is among the most destructive and widespread fruit disease of blueberry, impacting both yield and overall fruit quality. Blueberry cultivars have highly variable resistance against AFR. To date, this pathogen is largely controlled by applying various fungicides; thus, a more cost-effective and environmentally conscious solution for AFR is needed. Here we report three quantitative trait loci associated with AFR resistance in northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Candidate genes within these genomic regions are associated with the biosynthesis of flavonoids (e.g. anthocyanins) and resistance against pathogens. Furthermore, we examined gene expression changes in fruits following inoculation with Colletotrichum in a resistant cultivar, which revealed an enrichment of significantly differentially expressed genes associated with certain specialized metabolic pathways (e.g. flavonol biosynthesis) and pathogen resistance. Using non-targeted metabolite profiling, we identified a flavonol glycoside with properties consistent with a quercetin rhamnoside as a compound exhibiting significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals from the genetic mapping population. Further analysis revealed that this compound exhibits significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals when analyzed as two groups. However, individuals within each group displayed considerable overlapping variation in this compound, suggesting that its abundance may only be partially associated with resistance against C. fioriniae. These findings should serve as a powerful resource that will enable breeding programs to more easily develop new cultivars with superior resistance to AFR and as the basis of future research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- MacKenzie Jacobs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Molecular Plant Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Samantha Thompson
- Molecular Plant Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Adrian E Platts
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Melanie J A Body
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Alexys Kelsey
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Amanda Saad
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Patrick Abeli
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS 66061, USA
| | - Scott J Teresi
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Genetics and Genome Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Anthony Schilmiller
- Mass Spectrometry & Metabolomics Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Randolph Beaudry
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Mitchell J Feldmann
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Steven J Knapp
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Guo-qing Song
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Timothy Miles
- Molecular Plant Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Genetics and Genome Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Patrick P Edger
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Molecular Plant Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Genetics and Genome Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Gu Y, Yu H, He S, Zhang P, Ma X. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the TLP Gene Family in Phyllostachys edulis and Association with Witches' Broom Disease Resistance in Bamboo. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10257. [PMID: 37373405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are pathogenesis-related proteins with pivotal roles in plant defense mechanisms. In this study, various bioinformatics and RNA-seq methods were used to analyze the biotic and abiotic stress responses of the TLP family in Phyllostachys edulis. Overall, 81 TLP genes were identified in P. edulis; 166 TLPs from four plant species were divided into three groups and ten subclasses, with genetic covariance observed between these species. Subcellular localization in silico studies indicated that TLPs were primarily distributed in the extracellular. Analysis of the upstream sequences of TLPs demonstrated the presence of cis-acting elements related to disease defense, environmental stress, and hormonal responses. Multiple sequence alignment demonstrated that most TLPs possessed five conserved REDDD amino acid sequences with only a few amino acid residue differences. RNA-seq analysis of P. edulis responses to Aciculosporium take, the pathogenic fungus that causes witches' broom disease, showed that P. edulis TLPs (PeTLPs) were expressed in different organs, with the highest expression in buds. PeTLPs responded to both abscisic acid and salicylic acid stress. These PeTLP expression patterns were consistent with their gene and protein structures. Collectively, our findings provide a basis for further comprehensive analyses of the genes related to witches' broom in P. edulis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haoyue Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sainan He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Anisimova OK, Kochieva EZ, Shchennikova AV, Filyushin MA. Thaumatin-like Protein (TLP) Genes in Garlic (Allium sativum L.): Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression in Response to Fusarium proliferatum Infection. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060748. [PMID: 35336630 PMCID: PMC8949454 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant antifungal proteins include the pathogenesis-related (PR)-5 family of fungi- and other stress-responsive thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs). However, the information on the TLPs of garlic (Allium sativum L.), which is often infected with soil Fusarium fungi, is very limited. In the present study, we identified 32 TLP homologs in the A. sativum cv. Ershuizao genome, which may function in the defense against Fusarium attack. The promoters of A. sativumTLP (AsTLP) genes contained cis-acting elements associated with hormone signaling and response to various types of stress, including those caused by fungal pathogens and their elicitors. The expression of AsTLP genes in Fusarium-resistant and -susceptible garlic cultivars was differently regulated by F. proliferatum infection. Thus, in the roots the mRNA levels of AsTLP7–9 and 21 genes were increased in resistant and decreased in susceptible A. sativum cultivars, suggesting the involvement of these genes in the garlic response to F. proliferatum attack. Our results provide insights into the role of TLPs in garlic and may be useful for breeding programs to increase the resistance of Allium crops to Fusarium infections.
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Nawrot R, Musidlak O, Barylski J, Nowicki G, Bałdysz S, Czerwoniec A, Goździcka-Józefiak A. Characterization and expression of a novel thaumatin-like protein (CcTLP1) from papaveraceous plant Corydalis cava. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:678-689. [PMID: 34390750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs, osmotins) form a protein family which shares a significant sequence homology to the sweet-tasting thaumatin from the plant Thaumatococcus daniellii. TLPs are not sweet-tasting and are involved in response to biotic stresses and developmental processes. Recently it has been shown using a proteomic approach that the tuber extract from Corydalis cava (Papaveraceae) contains a TLP protein. The aim of this work was to characterize the structure and expression of TLP from C. cava tubers. The results obtained using a PCR approach with degenerate primers demonstrated a coding sequence of a novel protein, named CcTLP1. It consists of 225 aa, has a predicted molecular weight of 24.2 kDa (NCBI GenBank accession no. KJ513303) and has 16 strictly conserved cysteine residues, which form 8 disulfide bridges and stabilize the 3D structure. CcTLP1 may be classified into class IX of plant TLPs. The highest CcTLP1 expression levels were shown by qPCR in the stem of the plant compared to other organs and in the medium-size plants compared to other growth phases. The results confirm that CcTLP1 is expressed during plant growth and development until flowering, with a possible defensive function against different stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nawrot
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Oskar Musidlak
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jakub Barylski
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nowicki
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sophia Bałdysz
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Czerwoniec
- Zylia Sp. z o. o., Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; INNO-GENE S.A.- Vita in Silica, ul. Inflancka 25, 61-132 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Goździcka-Józefiak
- Molecular Virology Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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Liu Y, Cui J, Zhou X, Luan Y, Luan F. Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of the TLP gene family in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Genomics 2020; 112:2499-2509. [PMID: 32044327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs), which belong to pathogenesis-related (PR) protein family 5 (PR5), are involved in plant host defense and various developmental processes. The functions of the TLP family have been extensively discussed in multiple organisms, whereas the detailed information of this family in melon has not been reported yet. In this study, we identified 28 TLP genes in the melon genome and a N-terminal signal peptide was found highly conserved within each member of this family. Phylogeny analysis indicated that TLPs from melon and other plant species were clustered into ten groups. Twelve segmental and seven tandem duplication gene pairs that underwent purifying selection were identified. TLP genes expressed differentially in different tissues/organs, and were significantly induced after Podosphaera xanthii infection. TLPs in breeding line MR-1 tend to express early after pathogen infection compared with cultivar Top Mark. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the melon TLP family and demonstrates their potential roles in disease resistance, therefore provides more reference for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Jun Cui
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhou
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Yushi Luan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116033, China.
| | - Feishi Luan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Jia K, Zhang Q, Xing Y, Yan J, Liu L, Nie K. A Development-Associated Decrease in Osmotic Potential Contributes to Fruit Ripening Initiation in Strawberry ( Fragaria ananassa). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1035. [PMID: 32754182 PMCID: PMC7365926 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Fruit development and ripening are accompanied by a large increase in cellular soluble solid contents, which results in a significant decrease in osmotic potential (DOP). Here, we report that this development-associated DOP contributes to the initiation of ripening in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch., Benihoppe) fruit. We show that fruit water potential significantly decreases at the onset of ripening as a result of the DOP. Further analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) indicated that the change in fruit water potential was likely caused by catabolism of large molecules in receptacle cells, and bioinformatic analysis identified a family of osmotin-like proteins (OLP) that have a potential role in osmolyte accommodation. The gene expression of more than half of the OLP members increased substantially at the onset of fruit ripening, and specifically responded to DOP treatment, consistent with a close relationship between DOP and fruit ripening. We report that the DOP induced either by mannitol or water loss, triggered fruit ripening, as indicated by the elevated expression of multiple ripening genes and diverse ripening-associated physiological parameters. Collectively, these results suggest that the DOP contributes to strawberry fruit ripening initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Jia
- College of International Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xing
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Yan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqi Yan, ; Luo Liu, ; Kaili Nie,
| | - Luo Liu
- College of International Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqi Yan, ; Luo Liu, ; Kaili Nie,
| | - Kaili Nie
- College of International Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqi Yan, ; Luo Liu, ; Kaili Nie,
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Albert E, Segura V, Gricourt J, Bonnefoi J, Derivot L, Causse M. Association mapping reveals the genetic architecture of tomato response to water deficit: focus on major fruit quality traits. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:6413-6430. [PMID: 27856709 PMCID: PMC5181584 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity constitutes a crucial constraint for agriculture productivity. High-throughput approaches in model plant species identified hundreds of genes potentially involved in survival under drought, but few having beneficial effects on quality and yield. Nonetheless, controlled water deficit may improve fruit quality through higher concentration of flavor compounds. The underlying genetic determinants are still poorly known. In this study, we phenotyped 141 highly diverse small fruit tomato accessions for 27 traits under two contrasting watering conditions. A subset of 55 accessions exhibited increased metabolite contents and maintained yield under water deficit. Using 6100 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), association mapping revealed 31, 41, and 44 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) under drought, control, and both conditions, respectively. Twenty-five additional QTLs were interactive between conditions, emphasizing the interest in accounting for QTLs by watering regime interactions in fruit quality improvement. Combining our results with the loci previously identified in a biparental progeny resulted in 11 common QTLs and contributed to a first detailed characterization of the genetic determinants of response to water deficit in tomato. Major QTLs for fruit quality traits were dissected and candidate genes were proposed using expression and polymorphism data. The outcomes provide a basis for fruit quality improvement under deficit irrigation while limiting yield losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Albert
- INRA, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, 67 Allée des Chênes, Centre de Recherche PACA, Domaine Saint Maurice, CS60094, Montfavet, 84143, France
| | - Vincent Segura
- INRA, UR0588, Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin, Centre de Recherche Val de Loire, CS 40001, Orléans, 45075, France
| | - Justine Gricourt
- INRA, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, 67 Allée des Chênes, Centre de Recherche PACA, Domaine Saint Maurice, CS60094, Montfavet, 84143, France
| | | | | | - Mathilde Causse
- INRA, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, 67 Allée des Chênes, Centre de Recherche PACA, Domaine Saint Maurice, CS60094, Montfavet, 84143, France
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Ko M, Cho JH, Seo HH, Lee HH, Kang HY, Nguyen TS, Soh HC, Kim YS, Kim JI. Constitutive expression of a fungus-inducible carboxylesterase improves disease resistance in transgenic pepper plants. PLANTA 2016; 244:379-92. [PMID: 27074836 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Resistance against anthracnose fungi was enhanced in transgenic pepper plants that accumulated high levels of a carboxylesterase, PepEST in anthracnose-susceptible fruits, with a concurrent induction of antioxidant enzymes and SA-dependent PR proteins. A pepper esterase gene (PepEST) is highly expressed during the incompatible interaction between ripe fruits of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and a hemibiotrophic anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). In this study, we found that exogenous application of recombinant PepEST protein on the surface of the unripe pepper fruits led to a potentiated state for disease resistance in the fruits, including generation of hydrogen peroxide and expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes that encode mostly small proteins with antimicrobial activity. To elucidate the role of PepEST in plant defense, we further developed transgenic pepper plants overexpressing PepEST under the control of CaMV 35S promoter. Molecular analysis confirmed the establishment of three independent transgenic lines carrying single copy of transgenes. The level of PepEST protein was estimated to be approximately 0.002 % of total soluble protein in transgenic fruits. In response to the anthracnose fungus, the transgenic fruits displayed higher expression of PR genes, PR3, PR5, PR10, and PepThi, than non-transgenic control fruits did. Moreover, immunolocalization results showed concurrent localization of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and PR3 proteins, along with the PepEST protein, in the infected region of transgenic fruits. Disease rate analysis revealed significantly low occurrence of anthracnose disease in the transgenic fruits, approximately 30 % of that in non-transgenic fruits. Furthermore, the transgenic plants also exhibited resistance against C. acutatum and C. coccodes. Collectively, our results suggest that overexpression of PepEST in pepper confers enhanced resistance against the anthracnose fungi by activating the defense signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonkyung Ko
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Cho
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Hyoun Seo
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biology, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Young Kang
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Thai Son Nguyen
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Cheol Soh
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Il Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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Zhar N, Naamani K, Dihazi A, Jaiti F, El Keroumi A. Comparative analysis of some biochemical parameters of argan pulp morphotypes ( Argania spinosa (L) Skeels) during maturity and according to the continentality in Essaouira region (Morocco). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 22:361-370. [PMID: 27729722 PMCID: PMC5039154 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-016-0365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels is an endemic forest tree for Morocco. The phytochemical compounds evaluation of four different morphotypes of their fruit pulps was investigated. The total content of sugar, protein and phenolic compounds were monitored during three different stages of maturation in the semi-continental (Mejji) and littoral regions (R'zwa). Total sugars, proteins, phenolics increased up to the ripe stage of all argan fruit morphotypes in the two regions. Spherical shape had higher sugar and protein content than other morphotypes. A significant difference (p < 0.05), was demonstrated by Pearson's test, between the different morphotypes at three stages studied for all the phytochemicals compounds. Likewise, ANOVA test established that the variation of this compounds was influenced by the stage of maturation and/or region of development and/or their interaction according to fruit shape. Results from this study revealed that the increase of these parameters level take place for the most part during the last stages of maturity which synchronize with fruit softening. Furthermore, our results showed information about the richness of argan fruit pulp in carbohydrates compounds and secondary metabolites as the possibility of their contribution in nutritive forage value especially at ripe stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Zhar
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies, Biochemistry, Valorization and Protection of Plants, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, My Abdallah Street, PB: 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Khalid Naamani
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies, Biochemistry, Valorization and Protection of Plants, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, My Abdallah Street, PB: 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdelhi Dihazi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Valorization and Protection of Agroresources, Faculty of Sciences and Technique Gueliz, Cadi Ayyad University, Abdelkarim Elkhattabi Street, Gueliz, PB: 549, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Fatima Jaiti
- Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Equipe Protection, Amelioration and Vegetal Ecophysiology, My Ismail University, PB: 509, 52000 Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim El Keroumi
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies, Biochemistry, Valorization and Protection of Plants, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, My Abdallah Street, PB: 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
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11
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Asnin L, Park SW. Isolation and Analysis of Bioactive Compounds inCapsicumPeppers. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:254-89. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.652316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mining secreted proteins that function in pepper fruit development and ripening using a yeast secretion trap (YST). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:882-8. [PMID: 24631906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plant cells secrete diverse sets of constitutively- and conditionally-expressed proteins under various environmental and developmental states. Secreted protein populations, or secretomes have multiple functions, including defense responses, signaling, metabolic processes, and developmental regulation. To identify genes encoding secreted proteins that function in fruit development and ripening, a yeast secretion trap (YST) screen was employed using pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit cDNAs. The YST screen revealed 80 pepper fruit-related genes (CaPFRs) encoding secreted proteins including cell wall proteins, several of which have not been previously described. Transient GFP-fusion assay and an in planta secretion trap were used to validate the secretion of proteins encoded by selected YST clones. In addition, RNA gel blot analyses provided further insights into their expression and regulation during fruit development and ripening. Integrating our data, we conclude that the YST provides a valuable functional genomics tool for the identification of substantial numbers of novel secreted plant proteins that are associated with biological processes, including fruit development and ripening.
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Chang VHS, Yang DHA, Lin HH, Pearce G, Ryan CA, Chen YC. IbACP, a sixteen-amino-acid peptide isolated from Ipomoea batatas leaves, induces carcinoma cell apoptosis. Peptides 2013; 47:148-56. [PMID: 23428969 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A 16-amino-acid peptide was isolated from the leaves of sweet potato. The peptide caused a rapid alkalinization response in tomato suspension culture media, a characteristic of defense peptides in plants. No post-translational modification was observed on the peptide according to MALDI-MS analysis. We have named the peptide Ipomoea batatas anti-cancer peptide (IbACP). IbACP also was shown with the ability to dose-dependently inhibit Panc-1, a pancreatic cancer line, cell proliferation. The morphological observations of the Panc-1 cells by phase contrast microscopy showed significant changes after treatment with IbACP. Moreover, caspase-3 and PARP [poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase] were activated by IbACP treatment, followed by cell death. An increase in the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and -9 was also detected by an immunoblot assay after treatment with IbACP. In addition, genomic DNA fragmentation and decreased cellular proliferation were induced when IbACP was supplied to the Panc-1 cells, further demonstrating its biological relevance. The combined data indicates that IbACP peptide may have an important role in the regulation of cellular proliferation by inducing and promoting apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. This report also showed that IbACP peptide contains potent anti-cancer effects and may play an important role in herbal medicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent H-S Chang
- Program for Translation Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Colas S, Afoufa-Bastien D, Jacquens L, Clément C, Baillieul F, Mazeyrat-Gourbeyre F, Monti-Dedieu L. Expression and in situ localization of two major PR proteins of grapevine berries during development and after UV-C exposition. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43681. [PMID: 22937077 PMCID: PMC3427166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In grapevine Vitis vinifera L. cv Pinot noir, the Pathogenesis-Related (PR) proteins CHI4D and TL3 are among the most abundant extractable PR proteins of ripe berries and accumulate during berry ripening from véraison until full maturation. Evidence was supplied in favor of the involvement of these two protein families in plant defense mechanisms and plant development. In order to better understand CHI4D and TL3 function in grapevine, we analyzed their temporal and spatial pattern of expression during maturation and after an abiotic stress (UV-C) by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistolocalization. In ripening berries, CHI4D and TL3 genes were mainly expressed in the exocarp and around vascular bundles of the mesocarp. In UV-C exposed berries, CHI4D and TL3 gene expression was strongly induced before véraison. Corresponding proteins localized in the exocarp and, to a lesser extent, around vascular bundles of the mesocarp. The spatial and temporal accumulation of the two PR proteins during berry maturation and after an abiotic stress is discussed in relation to their putative roles in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Colas
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Damien Afoufa-Bastien
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Lucile Jacquens
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Fabienne Baillieul
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Florence Mazeyrat-Gourbeyre
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Laurence Monti-Dedieu
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
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Yeom SI, Baek HK, Oh SK, Kang WH, Lee SJ, Lee JM, Seo E, Rose JKC, Kim BD, Choi D. Use of a secretion trap screen in pepper following Phytophthora capsici infection reveals novel functions of secreted plant proteins in modulating cell death. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2011; 24:671-84. [PMID: 21542767 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-10-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the primary defense against pathogens is mostly inducible and associated with cell wall modification and defense-related gene expression, including many secreted proteins. To study the role of secreted proteins, a yeast-based signal-sequence trap screening was conducted with the RNA from Phytophthora capsici-inoculated root of Capsicum annuum 'Criollo de Morelos 334' (CM334). In total, 101 Capsicum annuum secretome (CaS) clones were isolated and identified, of which 92 were predicted to have a secretory signal sequence at their N-terminus. To identify differences in expressed CaS genes between resistant and susceptible cultivars of pepper, reverse Northern blots and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed with RNA samples isolated at different time points following P. capsici inoculation. In an attempt to assign biological functions to CaS genes, we performed in planta knock-down assays using the Tobacco rattle virus-based gene-silencing method. Silencing of eight CaS genes in pepper resulted in suppression of the cell death induced by the non-host bacterial pathogen (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1). Three CaS genes induced phenotypic abnormalities in silenced plants and one, CaS259 (PR4-l), caused both cell death suppression and perturbed phenotypes. These results provide evidence that the CaS genes may play important roles in pathogen defense as well as developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-In Yeom
- Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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16
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Miles TD, Day B, Schilder AC. Identification of differentially expressed genes in a resistant versus a susceptible blueberry cultivar after infection by Colletotrichum acutatum. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2011; 12:463-77. [PMID: 21535352 PMCID: PMC6640397 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00687.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose fruit rot, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum, is an important disease of blueberry worldwide. The cultivar Elliott is resistant, severely restricting fungal growth and sporulation relative to the susceptible cultivar Jersey. The objectives of this research were as follows: (i) to analyse pre-penetration events in 'Elliott' and 'Jersey' at different stages of fruit development; (ii) to identify putative defence genes in 'Elliott' fruit; and (iii) to monitor the timing of the oxidative burst in both cultivars. Light microscopy revealed no differences in the pre-penetration activities of C. acutatum on the immature fruit of both cultivars. However, at fruit ripening, conidia germinated and formed appressoria more rapidly on 'Jersey' than on 'Elliott' fruit. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, 37 differentially expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were detected in 'Elliott' versus 'Jersey' upon infection. Several of the ESTs had homology to known plant defence genes, such as a class II chitinase, pathogenesis-related protein 10 (PR10) and β-1,3-glucanase. Two putative genes involved in oxidative stress were identified: a metallothionein-like protein and monodehydroascorbate reductase. ESTs of fungal origin were also detected. Many ESTs had no homology to known genes. Using semi-quantitative and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the expression of most of the candidate genes was detected earlier in 'Elliott' than in 'Jersey', some within 24 h post inoculation (hpi). Monitoring of the oxidative burst showed that the overall H(2) O(2) concentration was two to three times higher in 'Elliott' than in 'Jersey' at 24 hpi. The elucidation of the basis of resistance to C. acutatum in blueberry will facilitate the development of new anthracnose fruit rot-resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Miles
- Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, 107 Center for Integrated Plant Systems, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Petre B, Major I, Rouhier N, Duplessis S. Genome-wide analysis of eukaryote thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) with an emphasis on poplar. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 11:33. [PMID: 21324123 PMCID: PMC3048497 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-11-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant inducible immunity includes the accumulation of a set of defense proteins during infection called pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, which are grouped into families termed PR-1 to PR-17. The PR-5 family is composed of thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs), which are responsive to biotic and abiotic stress and are widely studied in plants. TLPs were also recently discovered in fungi and animals. In the poplar genome, TLPs are over-represented compared with annual species and their transcripts strongly accumulate during stress conditions. RESULTS Our analysis of the poplar TLP family suggests that the expansion of this gene family was followed by diversification, as differences in expression patterns and predicted properties correlate with phylogeny. In particular, we identified a clade of poplar TLPs that cluster to a single 350 kb locus of chromosome I and that are up-regulated by poplar leaf rust infection. A wider phylogenetic analysis of eukaryote TLPs - including plant, animal and fungi sequences - shows that TLP gene content and diversity increased markedly during land plant evolution. Mapping the reported functions of characterized TLPs to the eukaryote phylogenetic tree showed that antifungal or glycan-lytic properties are widespread across eukaryote phylogeny, suggesting that these properties are shared by most TLPs and are likely associated with the presence of a conserved acidic cleft in their 3D structure. Also, we established an exhaustive catalog of TLPs with atypical architectures such as small-TLPs, TLP-kinases and small-TLP-kinases, which have potentially developed alternative functions (such as putative receptor kinases for pathogen sensing and signaling). CONCLUSION Our study, based on the most recent plant genome sequences, provides evidence for TLP gene family diversification during land plant evolution. We have shown that the diverse functions described for TLPs are not restricted to specific clades but seem to be universal among eukaryotes, with some exceptions likely attributable to atypical protein structures. In the perennial plant model Populus, we unravelled the TLPs likely involved in leaf rust resistance, which will provide the foundation for further functional investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Petre
- INRA†/Nancy Université, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1136 'Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes', Centre INRA de Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Ian Major
- Plant Research Laboratory, 122 Plant Biology Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48864, USA
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- INRA†/Nancy Université, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1136 'Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes', Centre INRA de Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Sébastien Duplessis
- INRA†/Nancy Université, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1136 'Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes', Centre INRA de Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Sabater-Jara AB, Almagro L, Belchí-Navarro S, Ferrer MA, Barceló AR, Pedreño MA. Induction of sesquiterpenes, phytoesterols and extracellular pathogenesis-related proteins in elicited cell cultures of Capsicum annuum. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 167:1273-81. [PMID: 20594613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2010.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2009] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Capsicum annuum suspension cell cultures were used to evaluate the effect of cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate as elicitors of defence responses. The induced defence responses included the accumulation of sesquiterpenes and phytosterols and the activation of pathogenesis-related proteins, leading to reinforcement and modification of the cell wall architecture during elicitation and protection cells against biotic stress. The results showed that the addition of both cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate induced the biosynthesis of two sesquiterpenes, aromadendrene and solavetivone. This response was clearly synergistic since the increase in the levels of these compounds was much greater in the presence of both elicitors than when they were used separately. The biosynthesis of phytosterols was also induced in the combined treatment, as the result of an additive effect. Likewise, the exogenous application of methyl jasmonate induced the accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins. The analysis of the extracellular proteome showed the presence of amino acid sequences homologous to PR1 and 4, NtPRp27-like proteins and class I chitinases, peroxidases and the hydrolytic enzymes LEXYL1 and 2, arabinosidases, pectinases, nectarin IV and leucin-rich repeat protein, which suggests that methyl jasmonate plays a role in mediating defence-related gene product expression in C. annuum. Apart from these methyl jamonate-induced proteins, other PR proteins were found in both the control and elicited cell cultures of C. annuum. These included class IV chitinases, beta-1,3-glucanases, thaumatin-like proteins and peroxidases, suggesting that their expression is mainly constitutive since they are involved in growth, development and defence processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Sabater-Jara
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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Liu JJ, Sturrock R, Ekramoddoullah AKM. The superfamily of thaumatin-like proteins: its origin, evolution, and expression towards biological function. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2010; 29:419-36. [PMID: 20204373 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0826-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are the products of a large, highly complex gene family involved in host defence and a wide range of developmental processes in fungi, plants, and animals. Despite their dramatic diversification in organisms, TLPs appear to have originated in early eukaryotes and share a well-defined TLP domain. Nonetheless, determination of the roles of individual members of the TLP superfamily remains largely undone. This review summarizes recent advances made in elucidating the varied TLP activities related to host resistance to pathogens and other physiological processes. Also discussed is the current state of knowledge on the origins and types of TLPs, regulation of gene expression, and potential biotechnological applications for TLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Liu
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, BC, Canada.
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20
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Ren X, Kong Q, Wang P, Jiang F, Wang H, Yu T, Zheng X. Molecular cloning of a PR-5 like protein gene from cherry tomato and analysis of the response of this gene to abiotic stresses. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:801-7. [PMID: 20383746 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
LePR-5, a putative PR5 like protein gene was amplified from a cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), which encodes a precursor protein of 250 amino acid residues, and shares high degrees of homology with a number of other PR5 genes. Expression of LePR-5 in different tomato organs was analyzed with Semi-quantitative RT-PCR, showing that LePR-5 expressed at different levels in leaves, stems, roots, flowers and fruits. In addition, expression of LePR-5 under different abiotic stresses was carried out at different time points. Three of the four tested abiotic stimuli, ethophen, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate, triggered a significant induction of LePR-5 after treatment. However, LePR-5 was weaker induced by abscisic acid than by others. The positive responses of LePR-5 to the three abiotic stimuli suggested that LePR-5 may play an important role in response to abiotic stresses, and it may also be involved in plant defense system against pathogens. In addition, different expression patterns between tomato fruit and seedling suggested that LePR-5 may play a distinctive role in the defensive system protecting tomato fruit and seedling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Ren
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
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Jami SK, Swathi Anuradha T, Guruprasad L, Kirti PB. Molecular, biochemical and structural characterization of osmotin-like protein from black nightshade (Solanum nigrum). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2007; 164:238-52. [PMID: 16542753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2006.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2005] [Accepted: 01/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A full-length 910bp cDNA encoding osmotin-like protein with an open reading frame of 744bp encoding a protein of 247 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 26.8kDa was cloned from Solanum nigrum (SniOLP). Phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary conservation of this protein among diverse taxa. The genomic DNA gel blot showed that SniOLP belongs to a small multigene family and it showed organ-specific expression. Time-course studies revealed that the expression of SniOLP was upregulated by treatment with various signaling molecules, osmotic and oxidative stress inducers. Recombinant protein purified from overexpressed Escherichia coli cells showed hyphal growth inhibition in Rhizoctonia batiticola and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum but without any endo-beta-1,3-glucanase activity. Model built by homology modeling showed that the protein consists of an acidic cleft region that is capable of interacting with the carbohydrate components of the fungal cell walls. Analysis of the structure and functional relationship was carried out by docking of the beta-(1,3)-glucan onto the acidic cleft region on the surface of the protein (SniOLP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravan Kumar Jami
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, AP, India
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Ko MK, Jeon WB, Kim KS, Lee HH, Seo HH, Kim YS, Oh BJ. A Colletotrichum gloeosporioides-induced esterase gene of nonclimacteric pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit during ripening plays a role in resistance against fungal infection. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2005; 58:529-41. [PMID: 16021337 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-005-7088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2005] [Accepted: 05/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ripe fruits of pepper (Capsicum annuum) are resistant to the anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, whereas unripe-mature fruits are susceptible. A pepper esterase gene (PepEST) that is highly expressed during an incompatible interaction between the ripe fruit of pepper and C. gloeosporioides was previously cloned. Deduced amino acid sequence of PepEST cDNA showed homology to both esterases and lipases, and contained -HGGGF- and -GXSXG- motifs and a catalytic triad. Inhibition of PepEST activity by a specific inhibitor of serine hydrolase demonstrated that a serine residue is critical for the enzyme activity. Expression of PepEST gene was fruit-specific in response to C. gloeosporioides inoculation, and up-regulated by wounding or jasmonic acid treatment during ripening. PepEST mRNA and protein was differentially accumulated in ripe vs. unripe fruit from 24 h after inoculation when C. gloeosporioides is invading into fruits. Immunochemical examination revealed that PepEST accumulation was localized in epidermal and cortical cell layers in infected ripe fruit, but rarely even in epidermal cells in infected unripe one. Over-expression of PepEST in transgenic Arabidopsis plants caused restriction of Alternaria brassicicola colonization by inhibition of spore production, resulting in enhanced resistance against A.brassicicola. These results suggest that PepEST is involved in the resistance of ripe fruit against C.gloeosporioides infection.
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MESH Headings
- Abscisic Acid/pharmacology
- Acetates/pharmacology
- Alternaria/growth & development
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Arabidopsis/genetics
- Arabidopsis/microbiology
- Capsicum/enzymology
- Capsicum/genetics
- Capsicum/growth & development
- Colletotrichum/growth & development
- Cyclopentanes/pharmacology
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Esterases/genetics
- Esterases/metabolism
- Fruit/enzymology
- Fruit/genetics
- Fruit/growth & development
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Organophosphorus Compounds/pharmacology
- Oxylipins
- Plant Diseases/genetics
- Plant Diseases/microbiology
- Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology
- Plants, Genetically Modified
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Salicylic Acid/pharmacology
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Stress, Mechanical
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Kyung Ko
- Kumho Life and Environmental Science Laboratory, Korea Kumho Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Buk-gu, Gwangju, Korea
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Ohta K, Kanahama K, Kanayama Y. Enhanced expression of a novel dioxygenase during the early developmental stage of tomato fruit. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2005; 162:697-702. [PMID: 16008092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2004.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Most previous efforts to isolate genes that are expressed during fruit development have focused on fruit ripening. As a result, information is lacking on fruit genes that are specifically expressed at early developmental stages. Using a cDNA subtraction technique, we isolated fruit-specific genes that are expressed during the cell expansion phase of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) fruit development. One of the isolated cDNAs, LeODD, is transiently expressed 15 days after flowering in a nearly fruit-specific manner during the initial period of cell expansion. Southern blot analysis indicated that LeODD is encoded by a single gene. LeODD is homologous to 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase genes, and the key amino acid residues in the binding sites for ferrous iron and 2-oxoglutarate are completely conserved. The amino acid sequence identity between LeODD and other 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases is relatively low, suggesting that LeODD is a novel enzyme of this family. Another of the isolated cDNAs, LeGLO2, is also highly expressed at 15 days after flowering. LeGLO2 is thought to be a novel glycolate oxidase isoform that functions in fruit. 2-Oxoglutarate, the cosubstrate of LeODD, could be supplied by a LeGLO2-mediated glycolate pathway in immature fruit. The coordinate expression of LeODD and LeGLO2 may play a role in the biosynthesis of a metabolite, such as a plant hormone or secondary metabolite, that is required during the initial period of the cell expansion phase of fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Ohta
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
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