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Fadzil AFBA, Pramanik A, Basak A, Prakash C, Shankar S. Role of surface quality on biocompatibility of implants - A review. ANNALS OF 3D PRINTED MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stlm.2022.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Vila JC, Castro-Aguirre N, López-Muñoz GA, Ferret-Miñana A, De Chiara F, Ramón-Azcón J. Disposable Polymeric Nanostructured Plasmonic Biosensors for Cell Culture Adhesion Monitoring. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:799325. [PMID: 34938725 PMCID: PMC8685410 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.799325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, optical biosensors based on plasmonic nanomaterials have gained great scientific interest due to their unquestionable advantages compared to other biosensing technologies. They can achieve sensitive, direct, and label-free analysis with exceptional potential for multiplexing and miniaturization. Recently, it has been demonstrated the potential of using optical discs as high throughput nanotemplates for the development of plasmonic biosensors in a cost-effective way. This work is a pilot study focused on the development of an integrated plasmonic biosensor for the monitoring of cell adhesion and growth of human retinal pigmented cell line (ARPE-19) under different media conditions (0 and 2% of FBS). We observed an increase of the plasmonic band displacement under 2% FBS compared to 0% conditions over time (1, 3, and 5 h). These preliminary results show that the proposed plasmonic biosensing approach is a direct, non-destructive, and real-time tool that could be employed in the study of living cells behavior and culture conditions. Furthermore, this setup could assess the viability of the cells and their growth over time with low variability between the technical replicates improving the experimental replicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Camaló Vila
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerea Castro-Aguirre
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerardo A López-Muñoz
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Ferret-Miñana
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco De Chiara
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Ramón-Azcón
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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Tran J, Pesenti T, Cressonnier J, Lefay C, Gigmes D, Guillaneuf Y, Nicolas J. Degradable Copolymer Nanoparticles from Radical Ring-Opening Copolymerization between Cyclic Ketene Acetals and Vinyl Ethers. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:305-317. [PMID: 30540444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-Methylene-1,3-dioxepane (MDO) and different vinyl ether (VE) monomers were successfully copolymerized by free-radical radical ring-opening copolymerization (rROP) to yield P(MDO- co-VE) copolymers with Mn = 7 000-13 000 g·mol-1 and high molar fractions of MDO ( FMDO = 0.7-0.9). By using VE derivatives of different aqueous solubilities or by grafting PEG chains onto the copolymers by "click" chemistry via azide-containing VE units, hydrophobic, amphiphilic and water-soluble copolymers were obtained. The different copolymers were then formulated into nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation using Pluronics for hydrophobic copolymers, without surfactant for amphiphilic copolymers, or blended with PMDO for water-soluble copolymers. Most of the copolymers led to nanoparticles with average diameters in the 130-250 nm with narrow particle size distributions and satisfying colloidal stability for a period of at least 1-2 weeks and up to 6 months. The copolymers were successfully degraded under accelerated, hydrolytic or enzymatic conditions. Hydrophobic copolymers led to degradation kinetics in PBS similar to that of PCL and complete degradation (-95% in Mn decrease) was observed in the presence of enzymes (lipases). Preliminary cytotoxicity assays were performed on endothelial cells (HUVEC) and macrophages (J774.A1) and revealed high cell viabilities at 0.1 mg·mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Tran
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
| | - Théo Pesenti
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
| | - Jonathan Cressonnier
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
| | - Catherine Lefay
- Aix Marseille Univ. , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, Marseille 13397 France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ. , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, Marseille 13397 France
| | - Yohann Guillaneuf
- Aix Marseille Univ. , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, Marseille 13397 France
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie , 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément , F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex , France
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Brennan JC, Tillitt DE. Development of a dual luciferase activity and fluorescamine protein assay adapted to a 384 micro-well plate format: Reducing variability in human luciferase transactivation cell lines aimed at endocrine active substances. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 47:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Guttal SS, Nadiger RK, Shetty P. Cytotoxic effect of indigenously fabricated dental magnets for application in prosthodontics. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2018; 18:29-34. [PMID: 29430139 PMCID: PMC5799965 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_114_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Dental magnets are used for retaining removable prostheses such as a removable partial denture, complete denture, and maxillofacial prosthesis. They provide good retention for the prostheses. However, the elements released from the magnets may be cytotoxic for the tissues. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate their cytotoxic effect on cell lines. Aim The aim of the study is to check the cytotoxic effect of indigenously fabricated dental magnets on animal cell lines. Materials and Methods Neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnet was tested for cytotoxicity. The magnet was encased in a teflon cylinder. Magnets were placed in the well tissue-cultured plates together with a suspension containing NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts (5 × 105 cells/ml). After 3 days of incubation at 37°C, cell viability was determined by mean transit time (MTT) assay. Cells were subsequently dissolved in 100 μl dimethyl sulfoxide with gentle shaking for 2 h at room temperature followed by measurement of absorbance at 570 nm. Eight replicate wells were used at each point in each of four separate measurements. Measured absorbance values were directly used for calculating percent of viable cells remaining after the respective treatment. Data were analyzed statistically with significance level set at P < 0.05. Results The control group had highest absorbance reading for the MTT assay followed by test group. The lowest values were found with bare Nd-Fe-B magnets. One-way ANOVA test was performed for the data obtained. There was a statistical significant difference seen in the positive control (bare magnets, 44.96) and the test (teflon cased magnets, 96.90) group. Conclusion More number of viable cells was visible in test group cells indicating that the indigenously fabricated dental magnet did not show any cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh K Nadiger
- Department of Prosthodontics, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Pravinkumar Shetty
- Department of Biochemistry, Central Research Lab, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Salentijn GI, Oomen PE, Grajewski M, Verpoorte E. Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing for (Bio)analytical Device Fabrication: Procedures, Materials, and Applications. Anal Chem 2017. [PMID: 28628294 PMCID: PMC5510088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the use of fused deposition modeling (FDM) in a (bio)analytical/lab-on-a-chip research laboratory is described. First, the specifications of this 3D printing method that are important for the fabrication of (micro)devices were characterized for a benchtop FDM 3D printer. These include resolution, surface roughness, leakage, transparency, material deformation, and the possibilities for integration of other materials. Next, the autofluorescence, solvent compatibility, and biocompatibility of 12 representative FDM materials were tested and evaluated. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of FDM in a number of important applications. In particular, we consider the fabrication of fluidic channels, masters for polymer replication, and tools for the production of paper microfluidic devices. This work thus provides a guideline for (i) the use of FDM technology by addressing its possibilities and current limitations, (ii) material selection for FDM, based on solvent compatibility and biocompatibility, and (iii) application of FDM technology to (bio)analytical research by demonstrating a broad range of illustrative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert Ij Salentijn
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands.,TI-COAST , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter E Oomen
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maciej Grajewski
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Verpoorte
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
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Allenstein U, Ma Y, Arabi-Hashemi A, Zink M, Mayr SG. Fe-Pd based ferromagnetic shape memory actuators for medical applications: Biocompatibility, effect of surface roughness and protein coatings. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:5845-53. [PMID: 23131387 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Revised: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ferromagnetic shape memory (FMSM) alloys constitute an exciting new class of smart materials that can yield magnetically switchable strains of several percent at constant temperatures and frequencies from quasi-static up to some kilohertz. In addition to their FMSM properties, these alloys can still be operated as conventional shape memory materials and also exhibit related superelasticity, which are both important features for use in medical devices. In this study, extensive in vitro assessments demonstrate for the first time that vapor-deposited single crystalline Fe(70)Pd(30) thin films and roughness graded polycrystalline splats of the same stoichiometry exhibit excellent biocompatibility and even bioactivity in contact with different cell types-a prerequisite for medical applications. The present study shows that fibroblast and epithelial cell lines, as well as primary osteoblast cells, proliferate well on Fe-Pd. The number of focal contacts, important for strong tissue bonding, can be improved with different binding agents from the extracellular matrix. However, even without coating, there is clear evidence that cells on Fe-Pd substrates behave similarly to control experiments. Additionally, cytotoxic effects of polycrystalline surfaces with various roughness profiles can be excluded, giving another tunable parameter for applying Fe-Pd magnetically switchable membranes in, e.g., stents and valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Allenstein
- Division of Soft Matter Physics, Institute for Experimental Physics I, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Sharma C, Dinda AK, Mishra NC. Fabrication and characterization of natural origin chitosan- gelatin-alginate composite scaffold by foaming method without using surfactant. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zheng J, Su Q, Wang C, Cheng G, Zhu R, Shi J, Yao K. Synthesis and biological evaluation of PMMA/MMT nanocomposite as denture base material. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2011; 22:1063-1071. [PMID: 21373810 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-polymer nanocomposites are of significant interest for emerging materials due to their improved properties and unique combination of properties. Poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ suspension polymerization with dodecylamine used as MMT-modifier. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the structures of the nanocomposites. Cytotoxicity test, hemolysis test, acute systemic toxicity test, oral mucous membrane irritation test, guinea-pig maximization test and mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test were used to evaluate the biocompatibility of PMMA/MMT nanocomposites. The results indicated that an exfoliated nanocomposite was achieved, and the resulting nanocomposites exhibited excellent biocompatibility as denture base material and had potential application in dental materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.
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Lehle K, Stock M, Schmid T, Schopka S, Straub RH, Schmid C. Cell-type specific evaluation of biocompatibility of commercially available polyurethanes. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 90:312-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Natural origin scaffolds with in situ pore forming capability for bone tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:1637-45. [PMID: 18635412 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of a biodegradable matrix, based on chitosan and starch, with the ability to form a porous structure in situ due to the attack by specific enzymes present in the human body (alpha-amylase and lysozyme). Scaffolds with three different compositions were developed: chitosan (C100) and chitosan/starch (CS80-20, CS60-40). Compressive test results showed that these materials exhibit very promising mechanical properties, namely a high modulus in both the dry and wet states. The compressive modulus in the dry state for C100 was 580+/-33MPa, CS80-20 (402+/-62MPa) and CS60-40 (337+/-78MPa). Degradation studies were performed using alpha-amylase and/or lysozyme at concentrations similar to those found in human serum, at 37 degrees C for up to 90 days. Scanning electron micrographs showed that enzymatic degradation caused a porous structure to be formed, indicating the potential of this methodology to obtain in situ forming scaffolds. In order to evaluate the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, extracts and direct contact tests were performed. Results with the MTT test showed that the extracts of the materials were clearly non-toxic to L929 fibroblast cells. Analysis of cell adhesion and morphology of seeded osteoblastic-like cells in direct contact tests showed that at day 7 the number of cells on CS80-20 and CS60-40 was noticeably higher than that on C100, which suggests that starch containing materials may promote cell adhesion and proliferation. This combination of properties seems to be a very promising approach to obtain scaffolds with gradual in vivo pore forming capability for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Surface active stabilizer Tyloxapol in colloidal dispersions exerts cytostatic effects and apoptotic dismissal of cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008; 232:218-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Ball M, Grant DM, Lo W, Scotchford CA. The effect of different surface morphology and roughness on osteoblast‐like cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 86:637-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lucchesi C, Ferreira BMP, Duek EAR, Santos AR, Joazeiro PP. Increased response of Vero cells to PHBV matrices treated by plasma. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:635-43. [PMID: 17619989 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-0169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The copolymers poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV) are being intensely studied as a tissue engineering substrate. It is known that poly 3-hydroxybutyric acids (PHBs) and their copolymers are quite hydrophobic polyesters. Plasma-surface modification is an effective and economical surface treatment technique for many materials and of growing interest in biomedical engineering. In this study we investigate the advantages of oxygen and nitrogen plasma treatment to modify the PHBV surface to enable the acceleration of Vero cell adhesion and proliferation. PHBV was dissolved in methylene chloride at room temperature. The PHBV membranes were modified by oxygen or nitrogen-plasma treatments using a plasma generator. The membranes were sterilized by UV irradiation for 30 min and placed in 96-well plates. Vero cells were seeded onto the membranes and their proliferation onto the matrices was also determined by cytotoxicity and cell adhesion assay. After 2, 24, 48 and 120 h of incubation, growth of fibroblasts on matrices was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analyses of the membranes indicated that the plasma treatment decreased the contact angle and increased the surface roughness; it also changed surface morphology, and consequently, enhanced the hydrophilic behavior of PHBV polymers. SEM analysis of Vero cells adhered to PHBV treated by plasma showed that the modified surface had allowed better cell attachment, spreading and growth than the untreated membrane. This combination of surface treatment and polymer chemistry is a valuable guide to prepare an appropriate surface for tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lucchesi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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O'Cearbhaill ED, Punchard MA, Murphy M, Barry FP, McHugh PE, Barron V. Response of mesenchymal stem cells to the biomechanical environment of the endothelium on a flexible tubular silicone substrate. Biomaterials 2008; 29:1610-9. [PMID: 18194813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the response of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to forces in the vasculature is very important in the field of cardiovascular intervention for a number of reasons. These include the development of MSC seeded tissue engineered vascular grafts, targeted or systemic delivery of MSCs in the dynamic environment of the coronary artery and understanding the potential pathological calcifying role of mechanically conditioned multipotent cells already present in the vessel wall. In vivo, cells present in the coronary artery are exposed to the primary biomechanical forces of shear stress, radial stress and hoop stress. To date, many studies have examined the effect of these stresses in isolation, thereby not presenting the complete picture. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to examine the combined role of these stresses on MSC behaviour. To this end, a bioreactor was configured to expose MSCs seeded on flexible silicone substrates to physiological forces - namely, a pulsatile pressure between 40 and 120mmHg (5.33-1.6x10(4)Pa), radial distention of 5% and a shear stress of 10dyn/cm(2) (1Pa) at frequency of 1Hz for up to 24h. Thereafter, the 'pseudovessel' was assessed for changes in morphology, orientation and expression of endothelial and smooth muscle cell (SMC) specific markers. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed that MSCs exhibit a similar mechanosensitive response to that of endothelial cells (ECs); they reorientate parallel with direction of flow and have adapted their morphology to be similar to that of ECs. However, gene expression results show the cells exhibit greater levels of SMC-associated markers alpha-smooth muscle actin and calponin (p<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin D O'Cearbhaill
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Willumeit R, Schuster A, Iliev P, Linser S, Feyerabend F. Phospholipids as implant coatings. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2007; 18:367-80. [PMID: 17323171 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0702-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Accepted: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-interfaces such as bio-membranes are of outmost importance for a variety of live processes. Among them are cell-interactions which take place in, on or through cell membranes. Therefore we propose to cover metallic surfaces with phospholipids to facilitate cell-material interaction. Four lipids, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE), 1-palmitoyl-2- oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-L-serine] (POPS) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-(1-glycerol) (POPG), were applied to four metallic growth substrates with different surface structure, roughness and porosity. The interaction of the osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 was investigated in terms of cell adhesion and viability (MTT (methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay). While POPS in general had a negative influence, the most suitable combination in terms of viability per adherent MG-63 is the coating of porous Ti6Al4V material with the phospholipids POPE or POPC. The analysis of viability of mouse macrophages RAW 264.7 and their tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) release showed that the adhesion and viability is worst on POPS while the TNF-alpha release was highest. To elucidate the potential of phospholipids to prevent or support bacterial growth, the bacterial number of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria was investigated. For lipid concentrations higher than 1 mM in solution a growth stimulating effect independent of the lipid type was detected. On a lipid coated surface the number of bacteria was reduced by 81%, 74% and 51% for POPC, POPG and POPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Willumeit
- GKSS Research Centre, Institute for Materials Research, Max-Planck-Str. 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
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Van Tienhoven EAE, Korbee D, Schipper L, Verharen HW, De Jong WH. In vitro andin vivo (cyto)toxicity assays using PVC and LDPE as model materials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 78:175-82. [PMID: 16628708 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The choice for a biomaterial is partly based on the outcome of (cyto)toxicity assays. The rationales behind the selection of certain parameters, such as cell lines, controls, and animals, were evaluated using a positive and a negative control, and one experimental sample designed to induce intermediate toxicity. Extraction and direct contact assays were performed using human epidermal keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts and mouse epithelial cells. Cell survival was measured with the tetrazolium salt (MTT) reduction assay. In addition, local implantation studies were performed in mice and rats. The positive control induced a high degree of toxicity in all in vitro tests performed, indicating that the toxicity observed in the direct contact assay was due to in situ extraction of toxic components. In the direct contact assay the negative control tested on the mouse fibroblasts resulted in a significant reduction of cell survival. No decrease in cell survival was found using the experimental sample. Subcutaneous implantation studies in mice showed that the positive control material induced a severe degeneration in mice. However, in rats just minimal alterations were noted. The experimental material induced moderate responses only in mice. Our results indicate that the direct contact assay provides limited additional information on the cytotoxicity of materials if certain limitations are not taken into account. For the in vivo implantation assay mice were superior to rats in detecting local toxic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A E Van Tienhoven
- Centre for Biological Medicines and Medical Technology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
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He W, Yong T, Teo WE, Ma Z, Ramakrishna S. Fabrication and endothelialization of collagen-blended biodegradable polymer nanofibers: potential vascular graft for blood vessel tissue engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 11:1574-88. [PMID: 16259611 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2005.11.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun collagen-blended poly(L-lactic acid)-co-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) [P(LLA-CL), 70:30] nanofiber may have great potential application in tissue engineering because it mimicks the extracellular matrix (ECM) both morphologically and chemically. Blended nanofibers with various weight ratios of polymer to collagen were fabricated by electrospinning. The appearance of the blended nanofibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The nanofibers exhibited a smooth surface and a narrow diameter distribution, with 60% of the nanofibers having diameters between 100 and 200 nm. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy verified the existence of collagen molecules on the surface of nanofibers. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were seeded onto the blended nanofibers for viability, morphogenesis, attachment, and phenotypic studies. Five characteristic endothelial cell (EC) markers, including four types of cell adhesion molecule and one EC-preferential gene (von Willebrand factor), were studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that the collagen-blended polymer nanofibers could enhance the viability, spreading, and attachment of HCAECs and, moreover, preserve the EC phenotype. The blending electrospinning technique shows potential in refining the composition of polymer nanofibers by adding various ingredients (e.g., growth factors) according to cell types to fabricate tissue-engineering scaffold, particularly blood vessel-engineering scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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De Giglio E, Cometa S, Sabbatini L, Zambonin PG, Spoto G. Electrosynthesis and analytical characterization of PMMA coatings on titanium substrates as barriers against ion release. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 381:626-33. [PMID: 15657712 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-004-2801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2004] [Revised: 07/30/2004] [Accepted: 08/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The performance of polyacrylic coatings as barrier films against corrosion of titanium-based orthopaedic implants was investigated. In particular, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was electrosynthesized on titanium substrates by electro-reductive processes from aqueous monomer solutions. The obtained PMMA coatings were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effect of an annealing treatment on the morphology of coatings with respect to uniformity and porosity of films was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique was used for ion concentration measurements in ion release tests performed on TiAlV sheets modified with PMMA coatings (annealed and unannealed). Results indicated that the annealing process produces coatings with considerable anticorrosion performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- E De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.
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Fabre T, Schappacher M, Bareille R, Dupuy B, Soum A, Bertrand-Barat J, Baquey C. Study of a (trimethylenecarbonate-co-epsilon-caprolactone) polymer--part 2: in vitro cytocompatibility analysis and in vivo ED1 cell response of a new nerve guide. Biomaterials 2001; 22:2951-8. [PMID: 11575469 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(01)00012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Future surgical strategies to restore neurological function in peripheral nerve loss may involve replacement of nerve tissue with cultured Schwann cells using biodegradable guiding implants. Random copolymers of trimethylene carbonate and epsilon caprolactone (P(epsilonCL-TMC), 50: 50) have been synthesized by ring opening polymerization using rare earth alkoxides as initiator. Their potential use as nerve guide repairs has been assessed through indirect and direct in vitro biocompatibility tests and in vivo soft tissue response to EDI subclass macrophages. In vitro, we exposed monolayers of human skin fibroblasts and an established continuous cell line (Hela) to liquid extracts (either pure or diluted in the culture medium) of epsilonCL-TMC copolymer including positive (phenol) and negative controls. Then, colorimetric assays (Neutral red and MTT) were performed. The extracts of epsilonCL-TMC induced no significant cytotoxic effect. We also exposed in vitro Schwann cells to pieces of P(epsilonCL-TMC) and P(LA-GA) copolymers. We evaluated cell attachment at 1 and 3 h by measuring the activity of the lysosomal enzyme (N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase) and cell proliferation at 1, 3, 6 and 9 days by measuring the cell metabolic activity (MTT assay). Values for attachment slightly decreased between 1 and 3 h but were significantly higher than on agars (negative control). Cells plated on epsilonCL-TMC showed a rate of proliferation comparable with that of normalized controls and higher than on PGA-PLA at day 9. Finally, we evaluated in vivo the soft tissue response after implantation of cylindrical tubes of P(epsilonCL-TMC) and P(LA-GA) copolymers with an immunohistochemistry staining procedure for the newly recruited ED1 macrophages. An image analysis system automatically measured the optical density of labelled positive ED1 cells at 9, 21 and 60 days after implantation. epsilonCL-TMC copolymer showed a mild soft tissue reaction with no adverse chronic inflammatory reaction. These data allowed us to consider this conduit as a potential effective substitute in nerve repair. El sevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fabre
- Inserm U 443, Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux, France
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Gomes ME, Reis RL, Cunha AM, Blitterswijk CA, de Bruijn JD. Cytocompatibility and response of osteoblastic-like cells to starch-based polymers: effect of several additives and processing conditions. Biomaterials 2001; 22:1911-7. [PMID: 11396897 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on the biocompatibility evaluation of new biodegradable starch-based polymers that are under consideration for use in orthopaedic temporary applications and as tissue engineering scaffolds. It has been shown in previous works that by using these polymers it is both possible to produce polymer/hydroxyapatite (HA) composites (with or without the use of coupling agents) with mechanical properties matching those of the human bone, and to obtain 3D structures generated by solid blowing agents, that are suitable for tissue engineering applications. This study was focused on establishing the influence of several additives (ceramic fillers, blowing agents and coupling agents) and processing methods/conditions on the biocompatibility of the materials described above. The cytotoxicity of the materials was evaluated using cell culture methods, according to ISO/EN 109935 guidelines. A cell suspension of human osteosarcoma cells (HOS) was also seeded on a blend of corn starch with ethylene vinyl alcohol (SEVA-C) and on SEVA-C/HA composites, in order to have a preliminary indication on cell adhesion and proliferation on the materials surface. In general, the obtained results show that all the different materials based on SEVA-C, (which are being investigated for use in several biomedical applications), as well as all the additives (including the novel coupling agents) and different processing methods required to obtain the different properties/products, can be used without inducing a cytotoxic behaviour to the developed biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Gomes
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Univ. of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
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van Kooten TG, von Recum AF. Cell adhesion to textured silicone surfaces: the influence of time of adhesion and texture on focal contact and fibronectin fibril formation. TISSUE ENGINEERING 1999; 5:223-40. [PMID: 10434070 DOI: 10.1089/ten.1999.5.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion and spreading on biomaterials is a key issue in the study of cell-biomaterial interactions. With the development of new disciplines within biomaterials research such as tissue engineering and cellular therapy, information at molecular and structural levels is needed in order to conceive and design biomaterials that elicit specific, functional cell responses. In this study we determined the formation of focal adhesions and fibronectin fibrillar structures by human fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells adhered to fibronectin-precoated, smooth, and textured silicones as a function of time. Textures consisted of parallel ridges and 0.5 mm deep grooves with a width of 2, 5, and 10 mm. In addition, pillar and well constructs were used. Cells assembled focal adhesions within the first 24 h of adhesion. Fibronectin production and assembly resulted in a dense fibrillar network at day 6. Initial focal adhesion density and size were dictated by the presence of the texture. Topography also influenced initial fibronectin deposition, although the differences did not result in apparent differences in fibronectin networks after 6 days of incubation. Without fibronectin preadsorption, cells did not proliferate on the silicone surfaces. Cells adhered to glass removed all the preabsorbed fibronectin, whereas on silicone they did not. The present study shows that different textures initially give rise to differences in focal contact and fibronectin fibril assembly. The effects of the small, initial in vitro differences on in vivo tissue biocompatibility remains to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G van Kooten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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