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Ziagham A, Gharibi D, Mosallanejad B, Avizeh R. Molecular characterization of Pasteurella multocida from cats and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1424. [PMID: 38519838 PMCID: PMC10959823 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Companion animals, including dogs and cats, are frequently identified as sources of Pasteurella multocida, a bacterium that can be transmitted to humans and cause infections. OBJECTIVES This survey defines the prevalence, antibiotic sensitivity, capsular types, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) types and virulence factors of P. multocida isolated from cats. METHODS A total of 100 specimens from various cat breeds were collected. P. multocida was characterized using both biochemical tests and PCR. Genotypes of isolates were determined using capsular and LPS typing methods. Additionally, virulotyping was performed by detecting the presence of 12 virulence-associated genes. Disk diffusion was used to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates. RESULTS The prevalence of P. multocida in cats was 29%. Among the isolates, the majority were capsular type A (96.5%) and type D (3.4%), with a predominant presence of type A. Twenty-six of the isolates (89.66%) belonged to LPS genotype L6, whereas three isolates (10.3%) belonged to genotype L3. Among the 12 virulence genes examined, sodC, oma87, ptfA, nanB and ompH showed remarkable prevalence (100%). The toxA gene was detected in four isolates (13.8%). Variations were observed in other virulence genes. The nanH gene was present in 93.1% of the isolates, whereas the pfhA gene was detected in 58.6% of the isolates. The exbD-tonB, hgbB, sodA and hgbA genes showed prevalence rates of 96.5%, 96.5%, 96.5% and 82.8%, respectively. Additionally, particular capsule and LPS types were associated with specific virulence genes. Specifically, the toxA and pfhA genes were found to be more prevalent in isolates with capsular type A and LPS genotype L6. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin, clindamycin, lincomycin, streptomycin and penicillin. CONCLUSIONS According to this epidemiological and molecular data, P. multocida from cats possess several virulence-associated genes and are resistant to antimicrobial medicines commonly used in humans and animals. Thus, it is crucial to consider the public health concerns of P. multocida in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ziagham
- Graduated of Veterinary MedicineShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran
| | - Darioush Gharibi
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran
| | - Bahman Mosallanejad
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran
| | - Reza Avizeh
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran
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2
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Kerek Á, Szabó Á, Jerzsele Á. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Clinical Cases of Waterfowl in Hungary between 2022 and 2023. Vet Sci 2024; 11:194. [PMID: 38787166 PMCID: PMC11125817 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11050194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The waterfowl industry represents a narrow, yet economically significant, sector within the poultry industry. Although less prominent, the waterfowl sector is nonetheless of equal importance to any other livestock sector in terms of antimicrobial resistance and animal health issues. This study assesses the antimicrobial resistance profile of Pasteurella multocida bacterial strains isolated from clinical cases in Hungary's duck and goose populations, determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 27 samples collected from 15 different locations. The results indicate that the isolated strains were susceptible to most antibiotics, except for notable resistance to enrofloxacin. These findings support that Pasteurella multocida largely retained its susceptibility. However, the observed resistance to enrofloxacin suggests overuse of fluoroquinolones, which indicates the potential need for stricter regulation of their use in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Kerek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.S.); (Á.J.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ábel Szabó
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.S.); (Á.J.)
| | - Ákos Jerzsele
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.S.); (Á.J.)
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1078 Budapest, Hungary
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3
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Sahay S, Natesan K, Prajapati A, Kalleshmurthy T, Shome BR, Rahman H, Shome R. Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida isolated from ovine respiratory infection: A study from Karnataka, Southern India. Vet World 2020; 13:1947-1954. [PMID: 33132610 PMCID: PMC7566252 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1947-1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Respiratory infection due to Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida are responsible for huge economic losses in livestock sector globally and it is poorly understood in ovine population. The study aimed to investigate and characterize M. haemolytica and P. multocida from infected and healthy sheep to rule out the involvement of these bacteria in the disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 374 healthy and infected sheep samples were processed for isolation, direct detection by multiplex PCR (mPCR), and antibiotic susceptibility testing by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Results: Overall, 55 Pasteurella isolates (27 [7.2%] M. haemolytica and 28 [7.4%] P. multocida) were recovered and identified by bacteriological tests and species-specific PCR assays. Significant correlation between the detection of M. haemolytica (66.6%) with disease condition and P. multocida (19.1%) exclusively from infected sheep was recorded by mPCR. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of 55 isolates revealed higher multidrug resistance in M. haemolytica (25.9%) than P. multocida (7.1%) isolates. Descending resistance towards penicillin (63.6%), oxytetracycline (23.6%), streptomycin (14.5%), and gentamicin (12.7%) and absolute sensitivity towards chloramphenicol were observed in both the pathogens. The antibiotic resistance genes such as strA (32.7%) and sul2 (32.7%) associated with streptomycin and sulfonamide resistance, respectively, were detected in the isolates. Conclusion: The study revealed the significant involvement of M. haemolytica together with P. multocida in ovine respiratory infection and is probably responsible for frequent disease outbreaks even after vaccination against hemorrhagic septicemia in sheep population of Karnataka, southern province of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sahay
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.,Department of Microbiology, Centre for Research in Pure and Applied Sciences, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Krithiga Natesan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Awadhesh Prajapati
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Triveni Kalleshmurthy
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bibek Ranjan Shome
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Habibur Rahman
- International Livestock Research Institute, CG Centre, NASC Complex, DPS Marg, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeswari Shome
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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4
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Prajapati A, Chanda MM, Dhayalan A, Yogisharadhya R, Chaudhary JK, Mohanty NN, Shivachandra SB. Variability in in vitro biofilm production and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern among Pasteurella multocida strains. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:938-950. [PMID: 33059484 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1833192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm production, hitherto an uncharacterized feature among circulating Pasteurella multocida strains, was studied along with the antibiotic susceptibility pattern. On the basis of biofilm formation ability, all the strains were categorized into four groups under six different culture conditions: strong biofilm-forming (22%), moderate (19%), weak (51%), and non-adherent (7%). Strains from serogroups A and B formed significant biofilms in at least one culture condition whereas strains from serogroup D were unable to form biofilms. All strains were found to be susceptible to tetracycline. In addition, the correlation between diverse factors (host, capsule type, clinical condition and the tadD gene) as well as antimicrobial susceptibility in biofilm production were analyzed by Joint distribution models, and showed that enrofloxacin and azithromycin resistant strains were positively correlated with strong biofilm production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awadhesh Prajapati
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Mudassar Chanda
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arul Dhayalan
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Revanaiah Yogisharadhya
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Chaudhary
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (CAU), Aizwal, Mizoram, India
| | - Nihar Nalini Mohanty
- CCS-National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), Baghpat, Uttar Pradesh (UP), India
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5
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Hurtado R, Maturrano L, Azevedo V, Aburjaile F. Pathogenomics insights for understanding Pasteurella multocida adaptation. Int J Med Microbiol 2020; 310:151417. [PMID: 32276876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is an important veterinary pathogen able to infect a wide range of animals in a broad spectrum of diseases. P. multocida is a complex microorganism in relation to its genomic flexibility, host adaptation and pathogenesis. Epidemiological analysis based on multilocus sequence typing, serotyping, genotyping, association with virulence genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), enables assessment of intraspecies diversity, phylogenetic and strain-specific relationships associated with host predilection or disease. A high number of sequenced genomes provides us a more accurate genomic and epidemiological interpretation to determine whether certain lineages can infect a host or produce disease. Comparative genomic analysis and pan-genomic approaches have revealed a flexible genome for hosting mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and therefore significant variation in gene content. Moreover, it was possible to find lineage-specific MGEs from the same niche, showing acquisition probably due to an evolutionary convergence event or to a genetic group with infective capacity. Furthermore, diversification selection analysis exhibits proteins exposed on the surface subject to selection pressures with an interstrain heterogeneity related to their ability to adapt. This article is the first review describing the genomic relationship to elucidate the diversity and evolution of P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Hurtado
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, San Marcos University, Lima, Peru
| | - Lenin Maturrano
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, San Marcos University, Lima, Peru
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia Aburjaile
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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6
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Walia K, Sharma M, Vijay S, Shome BR. Understanding policy dilemmas around antibiotic use in food animals & offering potential solutions. Indian J Med Res 2019; 149:107-118. [PMID: 31219075 PMCID: PMC6563746 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The looming concern of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has prompted the government of many countries of the world to act upon and come up with the guidelines, comprehensive recommendations and policies concerning prudent use of antibiotics and containment of AMR. However, such initiatives from countries with high incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in food animals are still in infancy. This review highlights the existing global policies on antibiotics use in food animals along with details of the various Indian policies and guidelines. In India, in spite of availability of integrated policies for livestock, poultry and aquaculture sector, uniform regulations with coordinated initiative are needed to formulate strict policies regarding antimicrobial use both in humans and animals. In an attempt to create effective framework to tackle the AMR, the Indian Council of Medical Research initiated a series of dialogues with various stakeholders and suggested various action points for urgent implementation. This review summarizes the recommendations made during the various consultations. The overarching aim of this review is to clearly delineate the action points which need to be carried out urgently to regulate the antibiotic use in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Walia
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Monica Sharma
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonam Vijay
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Bibek R. Shome
- Microbial Pathogenesis and Pathogen Diversity Laboratory,Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology & Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, India
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7
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Chen Y, Sun E, Yang L, Song J, Wu B. Therapeutic Application of Bacteriophage PHB02 and Its Putative Depolymerase Against Pasteurella multocida Capsular Type A in Mice. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1678. [PMID: 30131774 PMCID: PMC6090149 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage PHB02 specifically infects Pasteurella multocida capsular serogroup A strains. In this study, we found that capsule deletion mutants were not lysed by PHB02, suggesting that the capsule of P. multocida serogroup A strains might be the primary receptor. Based on sequence analysis, a gene encoding a phage-associated putative depolymerase was identified. The corresponding recombinant depolymerase demonstrated specific activity against capsular serogroup A strains but did not strip capsule deletion mutants. In vivo experiments showed that PHB02 was retained at detectable levels in the liver, spleen, kidneys, lung, and blood, at 24 h post-administration in mice. Depolymerase plus serum significantly reduced the number of viable wild-type P. multocida strain HB03 cells (3.5–4.5 log decrease in colony-forming units). Moreover, treatment with phage or purified depolymerase resulted in significantly increased survival of mice infected with P. multocida HB03, and an absence of increase of eosinophils and basophils or other pathological changes when compared with the control group. These results show that phage PHB02 and its putative depolymerase represent a novel strategy for controlling P. multocida serogroup A strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Erchao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaoyang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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8
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Nhung NT, Chansiripornchai N, Carrique-Mas JJ. Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacterial Poultry Pathogens: A Review. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:126. [PMID: 28848739 PMCID: PMC5554362 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat, and antimicrobial usage and AMR in animal production is one of its contributing sources. Poultry is one of the most widespread types of meat consumed worldwide. Poultry flocks are often raised under intensive conditions using large amounts of antimicrobials to prevent and to treat disease, as well as for growth promotion. Antimicrobial resistant poultry pathogens may result in treatment failure, leading to economic losses, but also be a source of resistant bacteria/genes (including zoonotic bacteria) that may represent a risk to human health. Here we reviewed data on AMR in 12 poultry pathogens, including avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), Salmonella Pullorum/Gallinarum, Pasteurella multocida, Avibacterium paragallinarum, Gallibacterium anatis, Ornitobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT), Bordetella avium, Clostridium perfringens, Mycoplasma spp., Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, and Riemerella anatipestifer. A number of studies have demonstrated increases in resistance over time for S. Pullorum/Gallinarum, M. gallisepticum, and G. anatis. Among Enterobacteriaceae, APEC isolates displayed considerably higher levels of AMR compared with S. Pullorum/Gallinarum, with prevalence of resistance over >80% for ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline across studies. Among the Gram-negative, non-Enterobacteriaceae pathogens, ORT had the highest levels of phenotypic resistance with median levels of AMR against co-trimoxazole, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, amoxicillin, and ceftiofur all exceeding 50%. In contrast, levels of resistance among P. multocida isolates were less than 20% for all antimicrobials. The study highlights considerable disparities in methodologies, as well as in criteria for phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing and result interpretation. It is necessary to increase efforts to harmonize testing practices, and to promote free access to data on AMR in order to improve treatment guidelines as well as to monitor the evolution of AMR in poultry bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Nhung
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Juan J Carrique-Mas
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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9
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Brower CH, Mandal S, Hayer S, Sran M, Zehra A, Patel SJ, Kaur R, Chatterjee L, Mishra S, Das BR, Singh P, Singh R, Gill JPS, Laxminarayan R. The Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia Coli in Poultry Chickens and Variation According to Farming Practices in Punjab, India. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:077015. [PMID: 28749780 PMCID: PMC5744676 DOI: 10.1289/ehp292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agricultural use of antimicrobials in subtherapeutic concentrations is increasing in response to the rising demand for food animal products worldwide. In India, the use of antimicrobials in food animal production is unregulated. Research suggests that many clinically important antimicrobials are used indiscriminately. This is the largest study to date in India that surveys poultry production to test for antimicrobial resistance and the occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) modulated by farming and managerial practices. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to survey poultry production for resistance to eleven clinically relevant antimicrobials and phenotypic occurrence of ESBLs as modulated by farming and managerial practices. METHODS Eighteen poultry farms from Punjab were surveyed, and 1,556 Escherichia coli isolates from 530 birds were tested for susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials using the disk diffusion method and validated using VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy-L’Étoile, France). Samples from 510 of these birds were phenotypically tested for ESBL production using the combination disk method and confirmed using VITEK 2. Generalized linear mixed models were used to infer differences in resistance profiles associated with different farming practices and facility types. RESULTS Resistance profiles were significantly different between broiler and layer farms. Broiler farms were 2.2 [ampicillin (AMP), p=0.017] to 23 [nalidixic acid (NX), p<0.001] times more likely to harbor resistant E. coli strains than layer farms. Adjusting for farm type (broiler vs. layer), the odds of resistance (although not statistically significant) to all antimicrobials except nitrofurantoin (NIT) were higher in independent facilities (IUs) as compared to contracted facilities (CFs). Increased prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR; 94% compared to 60% in layers), including prevalence of ESBL-producing strains (87% compared to 42% in layers), was observed in broiler farms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that unregulated use of clinically relevant antimicrobials in Indian broiler and layer farms may contribute to the emergence of resistance and support the need to curb the nontherapeutic use of medically important antimicrobials in food animal production. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP292.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Brower
- Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy , Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Shivdeep Hayer
- Dept. of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mandeep Sran
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Asima Zehra
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sunny J Patel
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ravneet Kaur
- SRL Diagnostics, FORTIS Hospital , Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Savita Mishra
- SRL Diagnostics, FORTIS Hospital , Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - B R Das
- SRL Diagnostics , Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Parminder Singh
- Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Randhir Singh
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - J P S Gill
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ramanan Laxminarayan
- Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy , Washington, DC, USA
- Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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10
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Furian TQ, Borges KA, Laviniki V, Rocha SLDS, de Almeida CN, do Nascimento VP, Salle CTP, Moraes HLDS. Virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance of Pasteurella multocida isolated from poultry and swine. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:210-6. [PMID: 26887247 PMCID: PMC4822770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida causes atrophic rhinitis in swine and fowl cholera in birds, and is a secondary agent in respiratory syndromes. Pathogenesis and virulence factors involved are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to detect 22 virulence-associated genes by PCR, including capsular serogroups A, B and D genes and to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of P. multocida strains from poultry and swine. ompH, oma87, plpB, psl, exbD-tonB, fur, hgbA, nanB, sodA, sodC, ptfA were detected in more than 90% of the strains of both hosts. 91% and 92% of avian and swine strains, respectively, were classified in serogroup A. toxA and hsf-1 showed a significant association to serogroup D; pmHAS and pfhA to serogroup A. Gentamicin and amoxicillin were the most effective drugs with susceptibility higher than 97%; however, 76.79% of poultry strains and 85% of swine strains were resistant to sulphonamides. Furthermore, 19.64% and 36.58% of avian and swine strains, respectively, were multi-resistant. Virulence genes studied were not specific to a host and may be the result of horizontal transmission throughout evolution. High multidrug resistance demonstrates the need for responsible use of antimicrobials in animals intended for human consumption, in addition to antimicrobial susceptibility testing to P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Quedi Furian
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil.
| | - Karen Apellanis Borges
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Laviniki
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Silvio Luis da Silveira Rocha
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Neves de Almeida
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Pinheiro do Nascimento
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Tadeu Pippi Salle
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Luiz de Souza Moraes
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS CEP: 91540-000, Brazil
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Sarangi LN, Thomas P, Gupta S, Priyadarshini A, Kumar S, Nagaleekar VK, Kumar A, Singh VP. Virulence gene profiling and antibiotic resistance pattern of Indian isolates of Pasteurella multocida of small ruminant origin. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 38:33-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dashe Y, Raji M, Abdu P, Oladele B, Sugun M. Multidrug Resistant Pasteurella multocida Strains Isolated from Chickens with Cases of Fowl Cholera in Jos, Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2013.596.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rigobelo EC, Blackall PJ, Maluta RP, de Ávila FA. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Pasteurella multocida isolated from chickens and japanese quails in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:161-4. [PMID: 24159299 PMCID: PMC3804193 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was performed to verify the presence of Pasteurella multocida in eight different poultry groups of 90 birds each. Groups I to IV were chickens (I being > 6 weeks of age with a history of respiratory illness, II > 6 weeks of age and free of respiratory illness, III < 6 weeks of age with respiratory illness and IV being < 6 weeks of age and with no respiratory illness. Groups V to VIII had the matching characteristics of Groups I to V but consisted of Japanese Quails. The P. multocida isolation rate from the groups was as follows; Group I 56/90 (62.3%) Group II 18/90 (20.0%), Group III 12/90 (13.3%), Group IV 3/90 (3.33%), Group V 8/90 (8.88%), Group VI 2/90 (2.22%) Group VII 2/90 (2.22%) and Group VIII 1/90 (1.11%). These isolation rates were not significantly different within the groups of a bird type but the overall chicken isolation rate was significantly higher than the quail isolation rate (p < 0.01). All isolates were examined for their sensitivity to four antimicrobial agents. The results showed only low levels of resistance to the agents tested. The highest level of resistance detected was to cephalothin (5.1% of isolates) followed by amikacin (3.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Everlon Cid Rigobelo
- Faculdade de Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Dracena, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS), an acute, fatal and septicemic disease of cattle and buffaloes caused by Pasteurella multocida, is important in tropical regions of the world, especially in African and Asian countries. The prevalence of disease has been well documented with predominant isolation of P. multocida serotypes B:2 and E:2. Conventional methods of identification such as serotyping, biotyping, antibiogram determination and pathogenicity as well as molecular methods (P. multocida-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a serogroup B-specific PCR assay, multiplex capsular typing system and loop-mediated isothermal amplification techniques) and characterization (restriction endonuclease analysis, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, repetitive extragenic palidromic PCR and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR analysis) are applied in parallel for rapid epidemiological investigations of HS outbreaks. Although several vaccine formulations including alum precipitated, oil adjuvant and multiple emulsion vaccines are commercially available, the quest for suitable broadly protective HS vaccines with long-lasting immunity is on the upsurge. Concurrently, attempts are being made to unravel the mysteries of the pathogen and its virulence factors, pathogenesis and determinants of protective immunity as well as diversity among strains of P. multocida. This review highlights the advances in these various aspects of HS.
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Sellyei B, Varga Z, Szentesi-Samu K, Kaszanyitzky É, Magyar T. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida isolated from swine and poultry. Acta Vet Hung 2009; 57:357-67. [PMID: 19635708 DOI: 10.1556/avet.57.2009.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida causes infectious diseases in a wide range of animal species. Antimicrobial therapy is still an effective tool for treatment. Generally, P. multocida isolates are susceptible to most of the widely used commercial antimicrobial agents but their excessive and unjustified use accelerates the emergence of resistant strains. We defined the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of 56 P. multocida strains isolated from poultry (20) and swine [16 P. multocida toxin (PMT) positive and 20 PMT negative] to 16 widely applied antibiotics (apramycin, cefquinome, chloramphenicol, colistin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, flumequine, neomycin, oxolinic acid, penicillin, trimethoprim potentiated sulphamethoxazole, sulphonamide compounds, tetracycline, tulathromycin) by the disk diffusion method. The majority of the strains was susceptible to most of the antimicrobial agents tested. However, the resistance to sulphonamides, tetracyclines, first-generation quinolones and aminoglycosides was remarkable, and thus the use of these compounds for the treatment of infection caused by P. multocida is not recommended. On the other hand, the antimicrobial activity of the classical penicillin, the newer macrolide (tulathromycin), the third-generation fluoroquinolone (enrofloxacin) and the fourth-generation cephalosporin (cefquinome) proved to be satisfactory against this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boglárka Sellyei
- 1 Veterinary Medical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 18 H-1581 Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- 1 Veterinary Medical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 18 H-1581 Budapest Hungary
| | | | - Éva Kaszanyitzky
- 2 Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate Central Agricultural Office Budapest Hungary
| | - Tibor Magyar
- 1 Veterinary Medical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 18 H-1581 Budapest Hungary
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Kumar P, Singh VP, Agrawal RK, Singh S. Identification of Pasteurella multocida isolates of ruminant origin using polymerase chain reaction and their antibiogram study. Trop Anim Health Prod 2008; 41:573-8. [PMID: 18759064 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-008-9226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A total of 100 isolates of Pasteurella multocida from various ruminant species (cattle, buffalo and sheep) belonging to different parts of country were identified using Pasteurella multocida-PCR (PM-PCR) and capsular PCR assays. PM-PCR revealed an amplicon of approximately 460 bp in all the isolates tested. As regards capsular PCR, 36 of 38 cattle isolates and 30 of 34 buffalo isolates were found to belong to capsular serogroup B whereas rest of the cattle and buffalo isolates belonged to serogroup A of P. multocida. In case of sheep, a total of 26 out of 28 isolates were positive for serogroup A specific PCR while remaining 2 amplified a PCR product specific for serogroup F of P. multocida. All the isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing using 17 different antibiotics. Enrofloxacin was found to be most potent antibiotic as it was effective against 94% of the isolates followed by ofloxacin (93%), chloramphenicol (93%), doxycycline (89%), tetracycline (86%) and ciprofloxacin (84%). Vancomycin, bacitracin and sulfadiazine were ineffective against P. multocida isolates showing 84%, 75% and 82% resistance, respectively. Further, the antibiogram also revealed the development of resistance against multiple drugs among various isolates of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kumar
- All India Network Programme on Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
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Shivachandra SB, Kumar AA, Chaudhuri P. Differentiation of Avian Pasteurella multocida Strains by Single-Primer PCR. Vet Res Commun 2007; 31:941-9. [PMID: 17294263 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-007-0102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S B Shivachandra
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, UP, India.
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