1
|
Abd El-Hack ME, AboElMaati MF, Abusudah WF, Awlya OF, Almohmadi NH, Fouad W, Mohamed HS, Youssef IM, Al-Gabri NA, Othman SI, Allam AA, Taha AE, Tellez-Isaias G, Mansour AM. Consequences of dietary cinnamon and ginger oils supplementation on blood biochemical parameters, oxidative status, and tissue histomorphology of growing Japanese quails. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103314. [PMID: 38096669 PMCID: PMC10762477 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the impact of various concentrations of ginger and cinnamon oils as antibiotic substitutes on some blood biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, and histopathological profile of the liver and gut of growing Japanese. A total of 900 Japanese quails were randomly allotted into 6 treatment groups. Each group had 5 replicates (30 chicks each). The first group received a basal diet and served as the control, while the second received a basal diet plus 0.5 g of colistin antibiotic/kg diet. The third and fourth groups were supplemented with 0.5 mL and 1.0 mL of ginger oil (GO)/kg diet, respectively. While the fifth and sixth groups received basal diet with 0.5 and 1.0 mL of cinnamon oil (CO)/kg diet, respectively. Results showed that adding herbal oils significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and urea levels compared to control and colistin groups. Various levels of GO and CO significantly (P < 0.05) reduced cholesterol levels compared to control birds. Compared to the control and antibiotic groups, Japanese quails supplemented with various levels of herbal oils (GO and CO) had more extraordinarily significant (P < 0.05) values for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GSR). Regarding histopathologic examination, the jejunum displayed a nearly empty lumen, a few fusions, and mild goblet cell metaplasia. On the other hand, the duodenum looked tall and had a few fusions of villi and remnants of removal in its lumina. It could be concluded that cinnamon and GO improved birds' blood biochemical parameters, electorate oxidative stress, and enhanced intestinal and hepatic histology of the treated quails. Also, the levels of 0.5 mL CO and 0.5 mL GO may be an acceptable substitute for antibiotics (colistin) in the diets of growing Japanese quail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F AboElMaati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Wafaa F Abusudah
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohaad F Awlya
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najlaa H Almohmadi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Fouad
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt
| | - Hanan S Mohamed
- Agricultural Research Center, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Islam M Youssef
- Agricultural Research Center, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Naif A Al-Gabri
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Allam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabi; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 65211 Egypt
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Behira, Rasheed, 22758 Edfina, Egypt
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701 USA
| | - Amira M Mansour
- Poultry Production Department, Agriculture College, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Silva V, Caniça M, Ferreira E, Vieira-Pinto M, Saraiva C, Pereira JE, Capelo JL, Igrejas G, Poeta P. Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Healthy Poultry Slaughtered for Human Consumption. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 35326828 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase-negative staphylococci are commensals that are known to be prevalent in most environments, and they are also an important reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant genes. Staphylococcal infections in animal husbandry are a high economic burden. Thus, we aimed to determine the prevalence and species diversity of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) in poultry slaughtered for human consumption and to study the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. Swab samples were recovered from 220 commercial chickens, homebred chickens and quails. Species identification was performed using MALDI-TOF. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the disc diffusion method against 14 antimicrobials. The presence of antimicrobial-resistant genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction. Totals of 11 (19.6%), 13 (20.3%), and 51 (51%) MRCoNS were isolated from commercial chickens, homebred chickens and quails, respectively. S. lentus was isolated from all homebred chickens, whereas 11 S. lentus and 2 S. urealyticus were isolated from commercial chickens. As for quails, the most prevalent MRCoNS were S. urealyticus. Almost all isolates had a multidrug-resistant profile and carried the mecA gene. Most isolates showed resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and fusidic acid and harbored the ermA, ermB, ermC, mphC tetK, tetL, tetM and tetO genes. This study showed a frequent occurrence of multidrug resistance in MRCoNS isolated from healthy poultry in Portugal.
Collapse
|
3
|
Alagawany M, Qattan SYA, Attia YA, El-Saadony MT, Elnesr SS, Mahmoud MA, Madkour M, Abd El-Hack ME, Reda FM. Use of Chemical Nano-Selenium as an Antibacterial and Antifungal Agent in Quail Diets and Its Effect on Growth, Carcasses, Antioxidant, Immunity and Caecal Microbes. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3027. [PMID: 34827760 PMCID: PMC8614390 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-minerals are used to enhance mineral bioavailability, which helps improve animal growth and health. The use of chemical nano-selenium (Che-SeNPs) has lately attracted great scientific interest, mainly due to its potential benefits for poultry. The current study was conducted to investigate the impact of the dietary supplementation of Che-SeNPs on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood constituents, antioxidant status, immunity, and gut microbiota of Japanese quails. A total of one week-old 180 Japanese quails were randomly distributed into four equal groups, and each group consisted of 45 unsexed birds with five replications (nine birds each). The first group was fed a basal diet without supplementation (0 g/kg Che-SeNPs), and the second, third, and fourth groups were fed diets containing 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 g/kg Che-SeNPs, respectively. The results showed that the dietary supplementation of Che-SeNPs significantly (p < 0.0001) increased body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio, but decreased feed intake (p < 0.0001) compared to the control group. The highest values of growth performance were recorded in the group fed 0.4 g Che-SeNPs g/kg feed. Che-SeNPs levels did not affect the carcass traits, relative organs (except liver), or blood hematology (except platelet count and hemoglobin level) of quails. Plasma total protein, albumin, aspartate amino transferase (AST), and urea values were not affected by dietary Che-SeNPs, but alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase values declined. Globulin and creatinine values were linearly increased with the inclusion of Che-SeNPs (0.4 and 0.6 g/kg) in quail diets compared to the control. The supplementation of Che-SeNPs in quail diets significantly improved (p < 0.05) the plasma lipid profile and activities of antioxidant enzymes compared to the control group. Immunoglobulin G values of Che-SeNPs (0.4 and 0.6 g/kg) were higher (p < 0.05) than those in the control group. The groups fed diets supplemented with Che-SeNPs showed lower (p < 0.0001) total bacterial count, total yeast and molds count, Coliform, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., and Salmonella spp. colonization, and higher (p = 0.0003 and 0.0048) lactic acid bacteria counts than those in the control group. In conclusion, Che-SeNPs supplemented up to 0.4 g/kg can improve the performance, lipid profile, antioxidant indices, and immunity, as well as decrease intestinal pathogens in quails during the fattening period (1-5 weeks of age).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.E.A.E.-H.); (F.M.R.)
| | - Shaza Y. A. Qattan
- Biological Sciences Department, Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Agriculture Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Mahmoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley 72511, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Madkour
- Animal Production Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.E.A.E.-H.); (F.M.R.)
| | - Fayiz M. Reda
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt; (M.E.A.E.-H.); (F.M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abuoghaba AAK, Ali F, Selim DAF, Abdelwahab AAM, Abdelfattah MG. Impact of male-female cohabitation period on behavioral aspects, fertility, hatchability, and hormonal estimates of Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101530. [PMID: 34788714 PMCID: PMC8591509 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of male-female cohabitation period on the fertility, hatchability, injuries response, and some hormonal estimates in Japanese quails. A total of 288 mature Japanese quails were equally divided into 3 groups (3 groups × 8 replicates × 12 birds), with 1 Male: 2 Females sex ratio. In the first group (control), male and female quails were reared continuously together, while the males in the second and third groups were reared together with females once or twice/wk times (24 h/ time), respectively throughout the experiment. The obtained results showed that final body weight (FBW/g), fertility (%), and hatchability (%) in the second and third groups significantly (P ≤ 0.01) increased compared with the control group. Laying quails in the second and third groups significantly (P ≤ 0.01) produced more and heavier eggs, while the feed consumption and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P ≤ 0.01) decreased compared with the control group. The injuries response for both sex in the second and third groups significantly (P ≤ 0.01) decreased compared with the control group. The cloacal size (mm2) for quails in the third group significantly (P ≤ 0.01) increased than those of the first and second groups, while the testes (%) were not affected. The testosterone hormone concentration for male chickens in the second and third groups significantly (P < 0.01) decreased, while the female progesterone hormone concentration (ng/mL) significantly (P < 0.01) increased compared with the control group. The means of red blood cells (RBC/106), white blood cells (WBC/103), and hemoglobin (g/dL) for quails in the second and third groups significantly (P < 0.01) increased, while heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L ratio) significantly (P < 0.01) decreased compared with the control group. Thus, it could be concluded that the reduction male-female cohabitation period of quails is recommended for improving the fertility and hatchability percentages as well as and some hormonal estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma Ali
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Dina Abdel-Fattah Selim
- Department of Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Elsayed AAM, Abol-Ela SS, Askar AA, Mohamed LA, El-Sayed SAA, Ahmed SYA, Moustafa AA, Alagawany M. Supplementation of different zinc sources to low-CP diets and its effect on performance, carcass traits, liver and kidney functions, immunological, and antioxidant parameters of quail chicks. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101463. [PMID: 34619580 PMCID: PMC8498461 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the influence of low crude protein (CP) levels, zinc sources (organic as zinc methionine-Zn-Met and inorganic as zinc oxide-ZnO) and their interactions on growth performance, carcass traits, and blood components of growing Japanese quail. A total of 450 one-wk-old Japanese quail with the same body weights were randomly distributed into 9 groups of 50 birds. The 9-diet treatments comprised 3 levels of CP (20, 22, and 24%) and 3 Zn source (0 g of Zn/kg diet, 0.1 g ZnO/kg diet, and 0.1 g Zn-Met/kg diet). The results obtained from this study showed that there were no significant differences among the groups, except for differences in body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) at 3 to 5 – and 1 to 5 wk of age for quail supplemented with 24% and 20% CP. All the studied biochemical parameters were significantly influenced by different levels of CP and Zn, except urea and creatinine, which were affected by CP levels only. In conclusion, dietary protein level for growing Japanese quails could be reduced to 20% without negative effects on their performance, carcass traits, and blood metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aya A M Elsayed
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Salah S Abol-Ela
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ali A Askar
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Laila A Mohamed
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Sabry A A El-Sayed
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Sarah Y A Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Amr A Moustafa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khalifa MO, Abd-Elkareem M, Gaber W, Li TS, Saleh AM. Developmental morphological analyses on the preglottal salivary gland in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:156-168. [PMID: 34343385 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To understand the development of the mucous preglottal salivary gland in Coturnix japonica (Japanese quail), morphological and histochemical studies were performed on 20 healthy Japanese quail embryos (aging from 10th to 17th incubation days) and 25 healthy quail chicks (aging from 0th to 60th days). The primordia of preglottal salivary gland were observed as an epithelial bud at the early embryonic stage, which then elongated and differentiated into secretory units by the end of this stage. In Japanese quails, the preglottal salivary gland was a mucous polystomatic tubuloalveolar unpaired gland composed of two lateral portions and a middle one embedded into the submucosa of the lingual root. The gland openings accompanied taste pore (8.17 μm) of taste buds associated salivary glands type; some skeletal muscle fibers embedded among secretory lobules extended from muscle cricohyoideus at 14th day-old quail chick. Also, both herbts corpuscles and secretory motor plexus could be detected among secretory lobules. Based on our investigations, the development of the preglottal salivary gland could clearly be distinguished in the embryonic stage into pre bud and bud stages at 10th day old, cord and branching stages ended by cavitation at 11th day old, canalization stage at 13th day old, lobulation and secretory stages by the 17th day old. The secretory materials showed different histochemical reactions ended with highly alcinophilic mucous indicated highly sialomucin (acidic) content. Myoepithelial cells could be demonstrated at a 17-day old quail embryo and thereafter surrounded the secretory endpieces of the preglottal salivary gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Osman Khalifa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wafaa Gaber
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Abdelmohaimen Mostafa Saleh
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Silva V, Vieira-Pinto M, Saraiva C, Manageiro V, Reis L, Ferreira E, Caniça M, Capelo JL, Igrejas G, Poeta P. Prevalence and Characteristics of Multidrug-Resistant Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) CC398 Isolated from Quails ( Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) Slaughtered for Human Consumption. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2038. [PMID: 34359166 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen in both humans and animals worldwide. MRSA associated with livestock is a zoonotic pathogen that has been reported in several animals and, although its infections in humans are rare, this strain is recognized as an occupational hazard for people working in direct contact with livestock. Thus, we aimed to isolate MRSA from quails and to characterize their antimicrobial resistance and genetic lineages. One hundred swab samples were recovered from quails at the slaughterhouse. To investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of MRSA in poultry, we conducted this study on 100 quails slaughtered for human consumption. The antimicrobial resistance was investigated in all isolates as well as virulence genes and genetic lineages. Twenty-nine MRSA were isolated. The results showed that all MRSA isolates had resistance to multiple antibiotics. All strains were classified as livestock-associated. Most strains belonged to a well-known livestock-associated lineage: CC398. Abstract Livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) is a zoonotic pathogen that has been reported in several animals, and it is often associated with clonal complex (CC) 398. We aimed to isolate MRSA from quails and to characterize their antimicrobial resistance and genetic lineages. One hundred swab samples were recovered from quails at the slaughterhouse. The swabs were inoculated onto CHROMagar™ MRSA agar plates for MRSA isolation. The presence of antimicrobial-resistant genes and virulence factors was investigated by PCR. All strains were typed by MLST, SCCmec-, spa- and agr-typing. From the 100 samples, 29 MRSA were isolated. All strains were resistant to penicillin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and clindamycin and carried the blaZ, mecA, ermB and ermC genes. All strains, except one, showed resistance to tetracycline and harbored the tetM, tetK and tetL genes in different combinations. Twenty strains belonged to ST398 and SCCmec type V, and nine strains belonged to the new ST6831. Twenty-eight out of twenty-nine strains were ascribed to t011 and one to t108. As far as we know, this is the first report of MRSA from quails slaughtered for human consumption. Most strains belonged to ST398-t011, which is the most common LA-MRSA clone found in livestock in Europe.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abd-Ellatieff HA, Abd El Aziem AN, Elbestawy AR, Goda WM, Belih SS, Ellakany HF, Abd El-Hamid HS, Yanai T, AbouRawash AA, El-Habashi N. Efficacy of Vaccination against Infection with Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Genotypes VI and VII 1.1 Strains in Japanese Quails. J Comp Pathol 2021; 186:35-50. [PMID: 34340803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a major pathogen of poultry worldwide, causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry. To characterize the ability of recently isolated virulent strains of NDV genotypes VI and VII to cause disease in quails, and to evaluate the efficacy of two NDV vaccines against such strains, Japanese quails were experimentally inoculated with either NDV genotype VI (Pigeon F-VI strain) or VII 1.1 (GHB-328 strain) with or without vaccination with inactivated NDV vaccine of genotype II (La Sota strain) or VII (KBNP strain). Mild to severe neurological signs developed in quails inoculated with the Pigeon F-VI strain from 3 to 14 days post infection (PI) and from 4 to 10 days PI in birds infected with the GHB-328 strain. The mortality rates were 46% and 33% for birds inoculated with NDV VI and NDV VII 1.1, respectively. The severity of histopathological changes depended on the viral isolates used. Vaccination with the La Sota or KBNP vaccine strain successfully protected quails against NDV-induced mortality and decreased the severity of clinical signs, pathological changes and cloacal viral shedding. This study showed that these virulent NDV isolates had mild to moderate pathogenicity in quails and that both vaccines protected against challenge with both virus strains. NDV vaccine genotype VII improved the level of protection against challenge with the VII 1.1 genotype compared with the classic vaccine, but failed to protect quails against challenge with the VI genotype.
Collapse
|
9
|
Reda FM, El-Saadony MT, El-Rayes TK, Farahat M, Attia G, Alagawany M. Dietary effect of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) on quail performance, carcass, blood metabolites and intestinal microbiota. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101266. [PMID: 34225203 PMCID: PMC8264150 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impacts of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) on the growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal microbiota, liver and kidney functions, immunity, oxidative status, and lipid profile of Japanese quails. A total of 200 one-week-old unsexed Japanese quails with an average initial body weight of 26.24 ± 0.2 g were randomly distributed into 5 equal groups of 40 birds and further subdivided into 5 replicates. The first (control) group was fed a diet without any licorice, while licorice powder was added at levels of 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg per kg diet in the second, third, fourth, and fifth groups, respectively. At the age of 3 wk, the group of quail fed on a diet supplemented with 750 and 1000 mg licorice/kg of diet gained the highest body weight (BW) and daily body weight (DBW), while attaining the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to other groups. Meanwhile, groups fed diets with licorice at levels of 0 and 250 mg/kg showed the highest feed intake. After the 5-wk feeding trial, the highest BW and DBW values, and the lowest FCR were recorded in the group fed with 750 mg licorice/kg diet. The different treatments produced no significant differences (P > 0.05) in quail carcass characteristics, including percentages of carcass, liver, gizzard, heart, giblets, and dressing. The blood of the group fed a 750 mg licorice diet had higher contents of total protein and GLOB, while its contents of A/G%, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were lower. Apart from the high level of licorice (1000 mg/kg), the MDA level was linearly and quadratically (P = 0.0413 and 0.001) decreased with different licorice groups, while superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and M (IgM) were quadratically increased when compared to the control group. Licorice supplementation resulted in marked reductions in the number of total bacteria, coliforms, E. coli, and Salmonella, compared to those in the control. In conclusion, the inclusion of licorice at levels of 750 and 1000 mg/kg into the diet of Japanese quail enhances the animal's performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and maintains a healthy gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F M Reda
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - M T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - T K El-Rayes
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - M Farahat
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - G Attia
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - M Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ben-Yishay E, Krivoruchko K, Ron S, Ulanovsky N, Derdikman D, Gutfreund Y. Directional tuning in the hippocampal formation of birds. Curr Biol 2021; 31:2592-2602.e4. [PMID: 33974847 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Birds strongly rely on spatial memory and navigation. Therefore, it is of utmost interest to reveal how space is represented in the avian brain. Here we used tetrodes to record neurons from the hippocampal formation of Japanese quails-a ground-dwelling species-while the quails roamed in an open-field arena. Whereas spatially modulated cells (place cells, grid cells, border cells) were generally not encountered, the firing rate of about 12% of the neurons was unimodally and significantly modulated by the head azimuth-i.e., these were head-direction cells (HD cells). Typically, HD cells were maximally active at one preferred direction and minimally at the opposite null direction, with preferred directions spanning all 360° across the population. The preferred direction was independent of the animal's position and speed and was stable during the recording session. The HD tuning was broader compared to that of HD cells in rodents, and most cells had non-zero baseline firing in all directions. However, similar to findings in rodents, the HD tuning usually rotated with the rotation of a salient visual cue in the arena. Thus, these findings support the existence of an allocentric HD representation in the quail hippocampal formation and provide the first demonstration of HD cells in birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elhanan Ben-Yishay
- Department of Neurobiology, Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron Street, Haifa 3525422, Israel
| | - Ksenia Krivoruchko
- Department of Neurobiology, Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron Street, Haifa 3525422, Israel
| | - Shaked Ron
- Department of Neurobiology, Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron Street, Haifa 3525422, Israel
| | - Nachum Ulanovsky
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dori Derdikman
- Department of Neurobiology, Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron Street, Haifa 3525422, Israel
| | - Yoram Gutfreund
- Department of Neurobiology, Rappaport Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron Street, Haifa 3525422, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boubekeur F, Arbouche R, Arbouche Y, Arbouche F. By-products of apricot processing in quail feed: Effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical quality. Vet World 2021; 14:878-883. [PMID: 34083935 PMCID: PMC8167544 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.878-883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The rearing of quails can have a stronger attraction for the breeders if we lower the cost prices by introducing by-products in their feed formulas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the partial substitution of soybean meal by apricot kernel cake (AKC) in the diet of quails, applied either sequentially or during all phases of rearing, on their growth performances, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical composition. Materials and Methods A total of 600 one-day-old quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), with equal sex ratio and weighing on average 7±0.2 g, were randomly distributed in one control group and three experimental groups, the latter being designed according to the rate of application of AKC in either sequential or non-sequential mode in different rearing phases. Each group was divided into five replicates of 30 quails, randomly distributed according to either substitution rate of soybean meal by the AKC (0%, 10%, 20%, or 30%) or farming phase. Results The average daily gain from the 1st to 45th days (average daily gain1-45d) was found to be the highest (4.24 g/d/subject, p=0.021) for the 30% AKC-supplemented feed lot in either starter or finish incorporation (DFTAA), having an optimum final live weight of 193.4 g (p=0.028), a lowest feed conversion ratio of 3.08 (p=0.001), and a daily feed intake of 860 g (p=0.01). Carcass yield was recorded the highest (74.4%, p=0.02) with an optimum meat protein level (30.6%, p=0.024) and the lowest fat content (2.26%, p=0.001) for the same group as well. Conclusion The partial substitution of soybean meal by AKC in the quails' fattening feeding, during the finishing phase and for all rearing phases, led to a better growth performance, a better carcass yield, and an improved chemical composition of meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Boubekeur
- Department of Agronomy Science, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Chadli Bendjedid El TARF 36000 Algeria
| | - Rafik Arbouche
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Ghardaia, Ghardaia 47000 Algeria
| | - Yasmine Arbouche
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Sétif 1, El Bez, Sétif 19000, Algeria
| | - Fodil Arbouche
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Ghardaia, Ghardaia 47000 Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Turk E, Tekeli IO, Corum O, Durna Corum D, Kirgiz FC, Cetin G, Arslan Atessahin D, Uney K. Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam, carprofen, and tolfenamic acid after intramuscular and oral administration in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2021; 44:388-396. [PMID: 33846990 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam (MLX), carprofen (CRP), and tolfenamic acid (TA) in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) following intramuscular (IM) and oral administration at doses of 1, 10, and 2 mg/kg, respectively. A total of 72 quails were randomly divided into 3 equal groups as MLX, CRP, and TA. Each group was separated into two sub-groups that received IM and oral administration of each drug. Plasma concentrations of MLX, CRP, and TA were determined using HPLC-UV and analyzed by non-compartmental method. The t1/2ʎz and MRT of MLX, CRP, and TA after oral administration were similar to those after IM administration. The Vdarea /F of MLX, CRP, and TA after IM administration was 0.28, 2.05, and 0.20 L/kg. The Cl/F of MLX, CRP, and TA after IM administration was 0.12, 0.19, and 0.09 L/h/kg. MLX, CRP, and TA after oral administration showed significantly lower Cmax and longer Tmax compared with IM administration. The relative bioavailability of MLX, CRP, and TA following oral administration in quails was 76.13%, 61.46%, and 57.32%, respectively. The IM and oral route of MLX, CRP, and TA can be used for the treatment of various conditions in quails. However, further research is necessary to determine the pharmacodynamics and safety of MLX, CRP, and TA before use in quails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erdinc Turk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ceren Kirgiz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Gul Cetin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Erzincan Binali Yıldırım, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Dilek Arslan Atessahin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cankiri Karatekin, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Reda FM, Swelum AA, Hussein EOS, Elnesr SS, Alhimaidi AR, Alagawany M. Effects of Varying Dietary DL-Methionine Levels on Productive and Reproductive Performance, Egg Quality, and Blood Biochemical Parameters of Quail Breeders. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1839. [PMID: 33050290 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study investigated the effects of different DL-methionine levels on quail breeders kept from 8–16 weeks of age. The results revealed that using DL-methionine at levels of 0.5 or 1.5 g/kg improved the liver and kidney functions, lipid profile, immunity and antioxidant parameters of quail breeders. Abstract The present study was carried out to study the effects of varying dietary DL-methionine (0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 g/kg) levels on the productive and reproductive performance, egg quality and blood biochemical parameters of quail breeders. In total, 150 mature Japanese quails at eight weeks of age were randomly allotted to five groups of 30 for each group. Each group included five replicates, each of six quails (four females and two males). The results showed that egg number, egg weight and egg mass were higher (p < 0.05) with the addition of all DL-methionine levels than that of the control group. Quails from the control group had a lower feed intake (p < 0.001) and a worse feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those from the DL-methionine-treated groups. Supplementation of DL-methionine up to 2.5 g/kg in quail diets increased fertility and hatchability percentages. Birds fed DL-methionine at 1.5 g/kg had the best egg production indices, better FCR and the highest values of fertility and hatchability. Egg weight, yolk %, Haugh unit, egg shape index and unit surface shell weight (USSW) were increased and eggshell % was decreased in quail supplemented with DL-methionine levels compared with the control quail (p < 0.05). Dietary DL-methionine levels did not affect (p > 0.05) the hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and packed cell volume (PCV) of quails. DL-methionine levels (0.5 and 2.5 g/kg) augmented lymphocytes and basophile (p < 0.05). Low DL-methionine levels (0.5 or 1.5 g/kg) improved liver enzymes and kidney functions. Dietary DL-methionine levels (except 3.5 g/kg) declined serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and decreased lipid profile parameters (except high-density lipoprotein—HDL). Supplementation of DL-methionine at 0.5 and 1.5 g/kg increased immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) (p < 0.001) compared with the control. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of DL-methionine (1.5 g/kg) can enhance the reproductive performance and egg quality of quail breeders. DL-methionine use at levels of 0.5 or 1.5 g/kg improved the liver and kidney functions, lipid profile, immunity and antioxidant parameters of Japanese quail.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kovitvadhi A, Chundang P, Pliantiangtam N, Thongprajukaew K, Tirawattanawanich C, Suwanasopee T, Koonawootrittriron S. Screening of in vitro nutrient digestibility coefficients of selected insect meals in broiler chickens, black-meat chickens and quails. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:305-315. [PMID: 32935384 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to identify potential insect species comparing with commonly used protein sources based on efficiency of the in vitro digestibility on dry matter (DMd), organic matter (OMd) and crude protein (CPd) in broiler chickens, black-meat chickens (Native breed) and quails. Each of gastric mucosa, pancreas and duodenal mucosa were obtained from proventriculus, pancreas and duodenum, respectively. Crude digestive enzyme extracts (CTE) were extracted from these organs to perform in vitro digestibility. Eighteen insect samples and six commonly used protein sources were served as substrates which were evaluated on DMd, OMd and CPd in triplicate for each substrate. The CTE from gastric mucosa was used to simulate proventriculus, whereas small intestine was simulation by adding the CTE from pancreas and duodenum. The large variation of chemical composition between insect meals was presented. For commonly used protein sources, animal proteins were higher on digestibility than plant proteins (p < .001). Quails represented a great potential to digest insect meals comparing other animals. Based on CPd results, there were potential insect species for broiler chickens (Achroia grisella: AG, Tenebrio molitor: TM and Musca domestica), black-meat chickens (Patanga succincta, TM and AG) and quails (Hermetia illucens, Acheta domesticus and Locusta migratoria; p < .001). The evidences from this study suggest that these insect species contain a great potential to use as alternative protein sources promoting an animal production with sustainability. However, the in vivo experimentation must be performed to confirm in further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attawit Kovitvadhi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pipatpong Chundang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nichaphon Pliantiangtam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Karun Thongprajukaew
- Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chanin Tirawattanawanich
- Innovation Cluster 2, Thailand Science Park, Ministry of Science and Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Thanathip Suwanasopee
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aboubakr M, Soliman A. Pharmacokinetics of thiamphenicol in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) after single intravenous and oral administrations. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 43:512-515. [PMID: 32779236 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Thiamphenicol (TP) pharmacokinetics were studied in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) following a single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration at 30 mg/kg BW. Concentrations of TP were determined with HPLC and were analyzed by a noncompartmental method. After IV injection, elimination half-life (t1/2λz ), total body clearance (Cltot ) volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss ), and mean residence time (MRT) of TP were 3.83 hr, 0.19 L/hr/kg, 0.84 L/kg, and 4.37 hr, respectively. After oral administration of TP, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax ) was 19.81 μg/ml and was obtained at 2.00 hr (tmax ) postadministration. Elimination half-life (t1/2λz ) and mean absorption time (MAT) were 4.01 hr and 1.56 hr, respectively. The systemic bioavailability following oral administration of TP was 78.10%. TP therapy with an oral dosage of 30 mg/kg BW is suggested for a beneficial clinical effect in quails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Aboubakr
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Soliman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Basile C. [Rhabdomyolysis: have you considered food poisoning from quails?]. G Ital Nefrol 2020; 37:37-02-2020-6. [PMID: 32281758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rhabdomyolysis (R) is a complex condition involving the rapid dissolution of damaged or injured skeletal muscle. This leads to the direct release of intracellular components, including myoglobin, creatine kinase, aldolase, and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as electrolytes, into the bloodstream and extracellular space. Clinically, R shows a triad of symptoms: myalgia, limb weakness, and myoglobinuria without hematuria, while myoglobin has been recognized as playing a part in the development of acute kidney injury. Coturnism is a relatively rare disease, mostly found in the European countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, characterized by acute R. It follows the consumption of Coturnix coturnix, a species of quails common in Europe, that have ingested the toxic substances (and especially coniine) present in the herbaceous plant called hemlock (Conium maculatum). Coniine may be lethal at a dose of 150 mg but it has neurotoxic effects at smaller doses, with acute R and acute kidney injury. Freezing and cooking the meat does not inactivate the alkaloids present in the birds' flesh and digestive tract. The clinical course of coturnism includes neurotoxicosis, tremor, vomiting, muscle paralysis, respiratory paralysis/failure, R and acute kidney injury. In appropriate geographical and temporal settings, it should be considered when diagnosing patients with acute R. The genetic, biochemical and epidemiological characteristics of coturnism are not yet fully known, while we wait reliable data from experimental studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Basile
- Divisione di Nefrologia, Ospedale Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italia; Associazione Nefrologica Gabriella Sebastio, Martina Franca, Taranto, Italia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu C, Chaudhry MT, Zhao D, Lin T, Tian Y, Fu J. Heat shock protein 70 protects the quail cecum against oxidant stress, inflammatory injury, and microbiota imbalance induced by cold stress. Poult Sci 2020; 98:5432-5445. [PMID: 31247643 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The intent of this study was to investigate the effects of cold stress on oxidative indexes, inflammatory factors, and microbiota in the quail cecum. A total of 192 male quails (15-day-old) were randomly divided into 12 groups (16 in each group) and were exposed to acute (up to 12 h) and chronic (up to 20 D) cold stress at 12 ± 1°C. After cold stress treatment, we examined morphological damage, oxidative stress indexes, inflammatory factors, and intestinal microbiota. Results of morphological examination showed that both acute and chronic cold stress can lead to cecal tissue injury. In addition, both acute and chronic cold stress, especially chronic cold stress can influence the activity of oxidative stress mediators. Glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while the nitric oxide (NO) content and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity increased significantly (p < 0.05). Moreover, mRNA levels of inflammatory factors cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES), and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were higher in both acute and chronic cold stress groups when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota was changed in both the acute and chronic cold stress groups. These results suggested that cold stress caused oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in cecal tissues, influenced cecal microbiota, and increased expression of Hsp70, which may contribute in protecting the cecum against cold stress in quails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Liu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 501225, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | | | - Dan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tong Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yunbo Tian
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 501225, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou 501225, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Skovorodin E, Bronnikova G, Bazekin G, Dyudbin O, Khokhlov R. Antioxidant influence on poultry liver morphology and hepatocyte ultrastructure. Vet World 2019; 12:1716-1728. [PMID: 32009750 PMCID: PMC6925055 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1716-1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The poultry farming development is held back by necessity to use the concentrates with the increased number of crude protein, mycotoxicoses, and subclinical infections concentration. They make a significant impact on the liver, therefore affecting its morphofunctional condition. Antioxidants use can prevent the negative influence of these factors. This study aimed to examine the impact of feed supplements containing natural antioxidants and synthetic antioxidants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Muscovy ducks, Hungarian White geese, and quails were the study object. Birds after hatching from eggs were split into two groups: Control and two experimental. The control group (40 birds of each species) received a normal diet in accordance with the type and age. The young ducklings, goslings, and quails of the first experimental group (30 birds of each species) received water with diisopropylammonium dichloroacetate (Dironax). The young ducklings, goslings, and quails of the second experimental group (30 birds of each species) received liquid multivitamin preparation, containing organic selenium form (Solvimin Selen) from the 1st day of the postembryonic development to the age of 60 days. We performed the weighing of the young ducklings, goslings, and quails, determined the live weight, liver weight, using the electronic scales (measurement inaccuracy is 0.02 g). To conduct the morphometric, histological, and electron microscopic studies liver, we killed the birds at the age of 1 day, 15 days, a month and 2 months during the postembryonic ontogenesis. RESULTS The performed overall studies allowed to determine the positive influence of the antioxidants on growth and development of the meat bird, whose body mass increased by 5-10% in comparison with the control parameters. The antioxidants use prevents the development of fatty, hydropic and parenchymal degeneration, hepatocyte and epithelial cells necrosis of the bile ducts, and connective tissue proliferation with its further fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study proved that it is more effective to use well-digestible, fast-acting natural polyvitaminic antioxidant complex with selenium, starting from the 1st day of the postembryonic ontogeny.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Skovorodin
- Department of Morphology, Pathology, Pharmacy, and Non-communicable Diseases, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Bronnikova
- Department of Morphology, Pathology, Pharmacy, and Non-communicable Diseases, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia
| | - George Bazekin
- Department of Morphology, Pathology, Pharmacy, and Non-communicable Diseases, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Oleg Dyudbin
- Department of Morphology, Pathology, Pharmacy, and Non-communicable Diseases, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Roman Khokhlov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Penza State Agrarian University,” Penza, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Kafajy FR, Al-Jashami GS. A computational approach for explaining the effect of the prl gene polymorphism on prolactin structure and biological activity in Japanese quails. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:273-281. [PMID: 31661660 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1683568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin is a versatile hormone with multiple activities, including a negative control on egg production. This study was conducted to genotype all the coding portions of the prl gene using PCR-SSCP-sequencing, and to investigate the effects of amino acid substitutions of the prl gene on the structure and function of prolactin in quails using in silico approach. Though all genotyped exons exerted homogenous PCR-SSCP patterns, a total of 12 novel SNPs were detected in the investigated exons, including three SNPs in exon-1, 8 SNPs in exon-2, and one SNP in exon-4. Three adjacent missense SNPs were detected in exon-2, namely H69P, T70P, and S71F. Computational tools indicated obvious deleterious effects of T70P, with less extent to H69P and S71F on prolactin functions and activity, which may lead to limited participation of this hormone in the negative control of egg production. In conclusion, the introduction of in silico prediction has suggested an alternative solution for the breeders to evaluate the effect of each witnessed nsSNP in protein structure and function. The current study suggests three nsSNPs, T70P, T70P, and S71F as strong candidates for the negative effect on prolactin biological activity with a consequent reversal positive effect on egg productivity traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fadhil R Al-Kafajy
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Babil, Iraq
| | - Ghadeer S Al-Jashami
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Babil, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Naghizadeh M, Karimi Torshizi MA, Rahimi S, Dalgaard TS. Synergistic effect of phage therapy using a cocktail rather than a single phage in the control of severe colibacillosis in quails. Poult Sci 2019; 98:653-663. [PMID: 30289491 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections associated with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) cause severe economic losses to the poultry industry. The study presented herein investigated the in vivo performance of a single phage with prolonged in vivo and in vitro survivability alone or in combination with 3 other selected phages in treating colibacillosis in quails. Japanese quails (N = 360) were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups with 4 replicate pens. Birds from the control groups (groups I, II, and III) were treated with 200 μL sterile PBS (pH 7.4), 200 μL of the selected phage (1010 pfu; TM3) or a cocktail of 4 phages (TM3 plus TM1, TM2, and TM4), respectively. Groups IV, V, and VI were challenged with 200 μL E. coli (108 cfu; O78:K80 and O2:K1) and treated with i.m. injection of 200 μL sterile PBS, phage TM3, or cocktail of 4 phages, respectively. Based on the results of the present study, the total mortality rate decreased from 46.6% in the untreated E. coli-challenged group to 26.5% and 13.6% in the E. coli-challenged group treated with single phage or phage cocktail, respectively. The body weights of birds treated with the phage cocktail were higher than the body weights of untreated birds on days 7, 14, and 21 post-challenge (P < 0.05). In addition, total viable cell counts of E. coli in the lungs of birds treated with the phage cocktail were lower than those of birds treated with phage TM3 on days 3 and 10 post-challenge (P < 0.05). Moreover, the incidence and severity of lesions in lungs, heart, and liver were found to be significantly less in the E. coli- challenged group treated with the phage cocktail. In conclusion, this study indicates that a phage cocktail may be more efficient in treating colibacillosis than a single phage possibly due to a synergistic effect between the individual phages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Naghizadeh
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | | | - Shaban Rahimi
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tina Sørensen Dalgaard
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yusuf MS, Hassan MA, Abdel-Daim MM, Nabtiti ASE, Ahmed AM, Moawed SA, El-Sayed AK, Cui H. Value added by Spirulina platensis in two different diets on growth performance, gut microbiota, and meat quality of Japanese quails. Vet World 2016; 9:1287-1293. [PMID: 27956783 PMCID: PMC5146312 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1287-1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The growth promoting effect of the blue-green filamentous alga Spirulina platensis (SP) was observed on meat type Japanese quail with antibiotic growth promoter alternative and immune enhancing power. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 180 Japanese quail chicks for 4 weeks to find out the effect of diet type (vegetarian protein diet [VPD] and fish meal protein diet [FMPD])- Spirulina dose interaction (1 or 2 g/kg diet) on growth performance, gut microbiota, and sensory meat quality of growing Japanese quails (1-5 weeks old). Results: Data revealed improvement (p<0.05) of weight gain, feed conversion ratio and European efficiency index due to 1, 2 g (SP)/kg VPD, and 2 g (SP)/kg FMPD, respectively. There was a significant decrease of ileum mean pH value by 1 g (SP)/kg VPD. Concerning gut microbiota, there was a trend toward an increase in Lactobacilli count in both 1; 2 g (SP)/kg VPD and 2 g (SP)/kg FMPD. It was concluded that 1 or 2 g (SP)/kg vegetarian diet may enhance parameters of performance without obvious effect on both meat quality and gut microbiota. Moreover, 1 and/or 2 g (SP) may not be invited to share fish meal based diet for growing Japanese quails. Conclusion: Using of SP will support the profitable production of Japanese quails fed vegetable protein diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Yusuf
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Hassan
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonoses and Behavior, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Adel S El Nabtiti
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ali Meawad Ahmed
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sherief A Moawed
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, (Biostatistics) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kamel El-Sayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hengmi Cui
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rigobelo EC, Blackall PJ, Maluta RP, de Ávila FA. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Pasteurella multocida isolated from chickens and japanese quails in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:161-4. [PMID: 24159299 PMCID: PMC3804193 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was performed to verify the presence of Pasteurella multocida in eight different poultry groups of 90 birds each. Groups I to IV were chickens (I being > 6 weeks of age with a history of respiratory illness, II > 6 weeks of age and free of respiratory illness, III < 6 weeks of age with respiratory illness and IV being < 6 weeks of age and with no respiratory illness. Groups V to VIII had the matching characteristics of Groups I to V but consisted of Japanese Quails. The P. multocida isolation rate from the groups was as follows; Group I 56/90 (62.3%) Group II 18/90 (20.0%), Group III 12/90 (13.3%), Group IV 3/90 (3.33%), Group V 8/90 (8.88%), Group VI 2/90 (2.22%) Group VII 2/90 (2.22%) and Group VIII 1/90 (1.11%). These isolation rates were not significantly different within the groups of a bird type but the overall chicken isolation rate was significantly higher than the quail isolation rate (p < 0.01). All isolates were examined for their sensitivity to four antimicrobial agents. The results showed only low levels of resistance to the agents tested. The highest level of resistance detected was to cephalothin (5.1% of isolates) followed by amikacin (3.4%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Everlon Cid Rigobelo
- Faculdade de Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Dracena, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Brodie BB. Effects of birds ingesting Heterodera rostochiensis cysts on viability of eggs and larvae. J Nematol 1976; 8:318-322. [PMID: 19308240 PMCID: PMC2620199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rate of passage through the digestive systems and effects of ingestion on viability of contents of cysts of Heterodera rostochiensis were determined in feeding trials with pigeons, thrushes, starlings, cowbirds, sparrows, and quails. Depending upon species of birds, 12-82% of the cysts ingested passed through the digestive system within 0.5 h. Pigeons required 6 h for complete evacuation. All other birds completely evacuated ingested cysts from their digestive systems within 3 h. Contents of cysts were nonviable if they were retained in the digestive system of starlings for more than 1.5 h, pigeons more than 1 h, or other birds more than 0.5 h. Cyst contents were nonviable if they remained in contact with excreta from cowbirds or quails for 4 h, thrushes for 96 h, or other species for 72 h after passage. Viability of contents of cysts was inversely related to exposure to excreta-filtrate concentration. Larvae failed to emerge from cysts that were exposed to a 25% concentration of excreta filtrate from starlings, 50% concentration from pigeons or thrushes, or 100% concentration of excreta filtrates from each of the other species. Cysts that were subjected to 44 C (avg. body temperature of cowbirds) for more than 3.5 h were nonviable. Cysts that passed through birds and collected with excrement on polyethylene or soil produced no infective larvae on potato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B B Brodie
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|