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Nestor BA, Liu Q, Sutherland S, Cole DA. The relation of depressive symptoms to theory of mind in adults. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:194-202. [PMID: 37437738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to understand thoughts and feelings of others. Significant heterogeneity exists for the strength of the association between depression and ToM performance. METHODS To clarify these relations, two studies of depressed and nondepressed adults investigate cross-sectional associations of four latent depression factors (i.e., somatic symptoms, depressed affect, positive affect, and interpersonal problems) to two aspects of ToM (reasoning vs. decoding). Study 1 investigated associations between depression factors and reasoning ToM (N = 258), and Study 2 investigated associations between depression factors and decoding ToM (N = 219). RESULTS In Study 1, the interpersonal problems factor was negatively related to reasoning ToM, though in Study 2, no consistent associations emerged between depression and decoding ToM. Study 2 also replicated a novel approach to assessing valence with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test. LIMITATIONS This investigation was primarily limited by cross-sectional designs, self-report, and online delivery of measures. CONCLUSIONS Findings emphasize the heterogeneity of ToM as a construct and identify targets for clinical intervention, with specific focus on bolstering reasoning ToM skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Nestor
- Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States of America; Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States of America.
| | - Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America; Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States of America; Boston University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, United States of America
| | - Susanna Sutherland
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States of America
| | - David A Cole
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States of America
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Alinajimi F, Deldar Z, Dehghani M, Khatibi A. Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between family caregivers' pain-related beliefs and patients' coping strategies. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:983350. [PMID: 36824059 PMCID: PMC9941146 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.983350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In order to tailor more effective interventions and minimize the burden of chronic pain, it is critical to identify the interaction and contribution of social and psychological factors in pain. One of the important psychological factors in pain management is related to the choice of pain coping strategies in chronic pain patients. Social resources, including family caregivers' pain attitudes-beliefs, can influence pain coping strategies in chronic pain patients. Moreover, one key factor that may intervene in the relationship between caregivers' pain attitudes-beliefs and the patients' coping strategies is the emotion regulation strategies. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of emotion regulation strategies of chronic pain patients and their family caregivers on the association between caregivers' pain attitudes-beliefs and pain coping strategies of chronic pain patients. Methods: We recruited 200 chronic musculoskeletal pain patients and their family caregivers. Chronic pain patients responded to measures of pain coping and emotion regulation strategies while family caregivers completed questionnaires related to their attitude toward pain and emotion regulation of themselves. Results: There is an association between caregivers' pain attitudes-beliefs and pain coping strategies in patients with chronic musculoskeletal. Moreover, the structural equation modeling revealed that the emotion regulation of both patients and family caregivers mediate the relationship between the caregivers' pain attitudes-beliefs and pain coping strategies of patients with chronic musculoskeletal. Conclusions: The social context of pain, including the effect of family caregivers' responses to the patient's pain, is a critical pain source that is suggested to affect coping strategies in patients. These findings suggest an association between pain attitudes-beliefs in family caregivers and pain coping strategies in patients. Moreover, these results showed that the emotion regulation of both patients and their family caregivers mediates this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoha Deldar
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Dehghani
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khatibi
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Ali Khatibi
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Yaakobi E. Recovery From Ostracism Distress: The Role of Attribution. Front Psychol 2022; 13:899564. [PMID: 35645924 PMCID: PMC9131002 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.899564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ostracism is known to cause psychological distress. Thus, defining the factors that can lead to recovery or diminish these negative effects is crucial. Three experiments examined whether suggesting the possible causes of ostracism to victims could decrease or eliminate their ostracism distress. They also examined whether death-anxiety mediated the association between the suggested possible cause for being ostracized and recovery. Participants (N = 656) were randomly assigned to six experimental and control groups and were either ostracized or included in a game of Cyberball. Two control conditions were used: participants who were ostracized but received no explanation and participants who were included. Immediately after the ostracism experience, participants in the experimental groups were presented with one of four causes for being ostracized, using locus of control (internal, external) and stability (stable, unstable), the two causal dimensions of Weiner’s attribution theory. After a short delay they were administered a mood or needs-satisfaction questionnaire. The results highlight the interaction between locus of control and stability, and underscore the relative importance of different attributions in alleviating self-reported ostracism distress. Specifically, both external and unstable attributions decreased distress, and an unstable attribution led to complete recovery in some participants. Thus, recovery from ostracism may be accelerated when the victim receives an explanation for ostracism that attributes the incident to unstable, external causes soon after the incident. Death-anxiety fully mediated the association between locus of control attribution and mood, but for on needs-satisfaction or the stability of the attribution.
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Doom JR, Rozenman M, Fox KR, Phu T, Subar AR, Seok D, Rivera KM. The Transdiagnostic Origins of Anxiety and Depression During the Pediatric Period: Linking NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Constructs to Ecological Systems. Dev Psychopathol 2021; 33:1599-1619. [PMID: 35281333 PMCID: PMC8916713 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, an abundance of research has utilized the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework to examine mechanisms underlying anxiety and depression in youth. However, relatively little work has examined how these mechanistic intrapersonal processes intersect with context during childhood and adolescence. The current paper covers reviews and meta-analyses that have linked RDoC-relevant constructs to ecological systems in internalizing problems in youth. Specifically, cognitive, biological, and affective factors within the RDoC framework were examined. Based on these reviews and some of the original empirical research they cover, we highlight the integral role of ecological factors to the RDoC framework in predicting onset and maintenance of internalizing problems in youth. Specific recommendations are provided for researchers using the RDoC framework to inform future research integrating ecological systems and development. We advocate for future research and research funding to focus on better integration of the environment and development into the RDoC framework.
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Bernstein EE, Nock MK, Kleiman EM. Day-to-day changes in negative attributions of stress: A daily diary study of cognitive vulnerability and negative affect in adults with elevated risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:163-169. [PMID: 34298221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hopelessness theory is one of the most studied cognitive vulnerability theories of depression. It proposes that risk for depression is conferred by attributing the causes of negative events to global, internal, stable causes and inferring future negative consequences and negative characteristics about oneself from these events. Nearly all research has operationalized cognitive style using individuals' responses to hypothetical events at single timepoints. Far less research has explored attributions of specific events as they occur, none of which has involved clinical samples. METHODS This study aimed to examine if measuring event-specific attributions clarifies the relationship between negative cognitive style and clinical symptoms. Adults (n = 51), who had attempted suicide at least once in the year prior, were recruited from the community via online forums related to suicide risk. Participants provided nightly ratings of hopelessness and attributions of the most stressful event that day for four weeks. RESULTS The daily diary composite measure of cognitive style was more strongly associated with hopelessness and depressive symptoms than the trait measure. Daily attributions fully mediated the relationship between trait cognitive style and hopelessness. LIMITATIONS The measurement period could not capture the occurrence of a next depressive episode for all participants. Relatedly, we could not account for the precise nature of individual stressors. CONCLUSIONS At a population level, trait measures alone may be a useful risk factor. But, with the goal to move towards more personalized prediction and intervention, more dynamic, ecologically valid, and real time measures may help gain more traction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Bernstein
- Massachusetts General Hospital, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, MA, United States.
| | | | - Evan M Kleiman
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Yaakobi
- School of Management, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel
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Flett GL, Hewitt PL, Endler NS, Bagby RM. Conceptualization and assessment of personality factors in depression. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2410090504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Research that relates personality to depression is one of the dominant themes in the clinical literature. The current paper examines this research from a critical perspective. It is argued that existing research is limited by (i) a failure to adopt a broad conceptual approach to the study of personality and depression; and (ii) the use of personality measures with questionable psychometric properties. Our observations lead us to suggest that greater adherence to established methodology and conceptual developments in the personality field will result in substantial improvements in research on personality and depression, and may ultimately provide a more accurate appraisal of the role of personality factors in depression. In addition to examining important issues, key directions for future research are discussed.
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Mikulincer M, Solomon Z. Causal attribution, coping strategies, and combat‐related post‐traumatic stress disorder. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2410030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study assesses the intervening role of ways of coping in mediating the effects of causal attribution for negative events on combat‐related post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The sample consisted of Israeli soldiers who suffered a combat stress reaction episode during the 1982 Lebanon War and were followed 2 and 3 years after their participation in combat. The results showed that an attribution of negative events to stable and uncontrollable causes was associated with both a more frequent use of emotion‐focused coping and a less frequent use of problem‐focused coping. It was also found that emotion‐focused coping and problem‐focused coping were more direct antecedents of combat‐related PTSD than causal attribution. Finally, it was found that the association between causal attribution and combat‐related PTSD was mediated by variations in emotion‐focused coping. The discussion attempts to integrate theoretical notions derived from attributional models and Lazarus and Folkman's stress‐coping model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mikulincer
- Department of Mental Health, Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel
- Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Department of Psychology
| | - Zahava Solomon
- Department of Mental Health, Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, School of Social Work
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Dalley MB, Bolocofsky DN, Alcorn MB, Baker C. Depressive Symptomatology, Attributional Style, Dysfunctional Attitude, and Social Competency in Adolescents with and Without Learning Disabilities. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02796015.1992.12085628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Negative Cognitive Style and Cortisol Reactivity to a Laboratory Stressor: a Preliminary Study. Int J Cogn Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41811-019-00052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gordeeva T, Sheldon K, Sychev O. Linking academic performance to optimistic attributional style: attributions following positive events matter most. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10212-019-00414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Steensma H, van Dijke R. Attributional Styles, Self-Esteem, and Just World Belief of Victims of Bullying in Dutch Organizations. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2016; 25:381-92. [PMID: 17686709 DOI: 10.2190/9312-064k-67q7-004q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale surveys in Europe document that some 8–15% of European workers are subjected to intimidation and bullying. Victims of severe bullying in Dutch organizations ( N = 21) and non-victims ( N = 30) filled out questionnaires. As predicted, victims had a lower Just World Belief, and lower self-esteem than non-victims. Moreover, victims attached higher importance to negative situations than non-victims do. The two groups demonstrated only minor differences in their attributions of internal, and stable causes to negative events. However, victims of bullying attributed causes of bullying significantly more often to specific aspects of situations. In the discussion it is suggested that in future research a distinction should be made between subgroups of victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Steensma
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
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Stephenson KR, Meston CM. Heterosexual Women's Causal Attributions Regarding Impairment in Sexual Function: Factor Structure and Associations with Well-Being. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2016; 45:1989-2001. [PMID: 27169405 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-016-0741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Theory and interventions for female sexual dysfunction typically emphasize the role of cognitions, including the perceived causes of impaired sexual function (causal attributions). Although causal attributions have been extensively studied in the context of mood disorders and relational distress, research in the area of sexual dysfunction has been limited. The current study explored the factor structure of women's causal attributions regarding their impaired sexual function and the association between these attributions and multiple indicators of subjective well-being. Women in heterosexual relationships reporting current impairments in sexual function (N = 147) completed self-report scales assessing 13 distinct causal attributions, sexual function, and subjective well-being. Results suggested moderately reliable patterns of attributions regarding responsibility (e.g., self vs. partner), specificity to sexual activity, and the degree to which women could effectively address the causes of their difficulties. Beliefs that impaired sexual function was the fault of one's self or one's partner, caused by wider issues in the relationship, and difficult to effectively address were generally associated with lower well-being over and above severity of functional impairment. These findings support multiple theories of sexual dysfunction, and highlight the potential importance of cognitive factors in understanding and treating female sexual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle R Stephenson
- Department of Psychology, Willamette University, 900 State Street, Salem, OR, 97301, USA.
| | - Cindy M Meston
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Roscoe LA, Cohen D. Cognitive attributions, depressive symptoms and hopelessness as predictors of perceived desirability of physician-assisted suicide in Alzheimer's caregivers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/153331759901400306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study compared attitudes towards physicianassisted suicide in two groups of older persons, 57-caregivers of relatives with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 46-non-caregivers. A series of two-way ANOVAs by caregiver status and level of depressive symptoms compared hopelessness scores, attribution styles, and beliefs about physician-assisted suicide. Two attributional style scales were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Subjects who felt less in control of the stresses in their lives reported more depressive symptoms (F = 10.16, p = .002). Subjects who felt that the factors causing stress were unchangeable also reported significantly more depressive symptoms (F = 5.41, p = .022). Over twothirds of both groups believed assisted suicide was a rational decision in some circumstances, but 40 percent of caregivers and only 24 percent of non-caregivers believed physicians should assist patients in committing suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donna Cohen
- Department of Aging and Mental Health, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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Abstract
This study examined the health consequences of an indigenous concept "Anāsakti" which means non-attachment. The scale measuring anāsakti was based on the characteristics of a man of steady wisdom "the sthitaprajña", described in the Bhagvad Gītā. It was hypothesised that those higb on anāsakti would experience less distress and exhibit fewer symptoms of strain when faced with stressful life events. Results showèd tbat anāsakt subjects were less distressed and exhibited fewer symptoms of ill health. Anāsakti was also found to be the most significant predictor of strain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Pande
- Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad
| | - R.K. Naidu
- Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad
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Kogut E. Adult attachment styles, self-efficacy, and causal attributional style for achievement-related failures. LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hannover B. Self-Serving Biases and Self-Satisfaction in East Versus West German Students. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0022022195262005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oettingen and Seligman, in their 1990 study, found more behavioral expressions of depression in East than in West Berliners. On the basis of their findings, we assumed that(a) East Germans are less likely to show self-serving biases when judging personal performances than West Germans and that (b) the absence of positively biased judgments would produce lower self-satisfaction in East than in West Germans. In a questionnaire study, we found more accurate self-related judgments in East than in West German students. This difference was especially pronounced in students who had obtained negative performance feedback. Further, West German students were found to be more self-satisfied than East German students. This difference was partly due to a lack of judgmental distortions in the East German students.
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Horneffer KJ, Fincham FD. Attributional Models of Depression and Marital Distress. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167296227003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The authors compare the attributional models presented in depression and marital literatures by examining simultaneously their prediction of depressive symptoms and marital distress. A total of 150 married couples completed the Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ), the Relationship Attribution Measure (RAM), and measures of depression and marital distress. For both husbands and wives, a full model that included paths from depressogenic and distress-maintaining marital attributions to both depressive symptoms and marital distress provided a better fit to the data than a model that omitted paths from distress-maintaining attributions to each outcome. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Ross LT, Lutz CJ, Lakey B. Perceived Social Support and Attributions for Failed Support. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167299025007011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Global perceptions of social support are as stable as personality characteristics, although people occasionally must experience support that violates their expectations. To help understand this phenomenon, two studies investigated perceived support and attributions for when support is needed but not received. The authors hypothesized that persons with high perceived social support would explain that ineffective support resulted from unstable and specific factors. In contrast, low perceived social support persons were expected to make more negative attributions. In Study 1, low versus high perceived social support people made more negative attributions for hypothetical situations in which individuals needed support but did not get it. In Study 2, women described actual failed support experiences. Again, women low in social support made more negative attributions for failed support, compared to those with high support. In both studies, the relation between support and attributions could not be explained by negative emotion.
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Abstract
The development of cognitive therapy, one of the most promising interventions for the treatment of depression and other nonpsychotic disorders, has been strongly influenced by basic research in social and cognitive psychology. The approach is predicated on a two-factor cognitive theory of emotion and accords a central role to the operation of schematic knowledge structures and information-processing heuristics. Procedures designed to produce change in existing depresotypic beliefs are grounded in principles emerging from that basic literature, and strategies derived from attribution theory appear to contribute to the apparent capacity of cognitive therapy to prevent the emergence of future depressive episodes. Clearly, the development and articulation of cognitive therapy have benefited greatly from basic research in experimental social and cognitive psychology.
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Zemore R, Veikle G. Cognitive Styles and Proneness to Depressive Symptoms in University Women. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167289153012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To assess the relations between depressotypic cognitions and depression proneness, the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale and the Attributional Style Questionnaire were administered to 99 university women, along with measures of depression proneness and current affective state. Dysfunctional attitudes and attributional style were both found to correlate significantly with depression proneness, as measured by the Depression Proneness Rating Scales, and with current affective state, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory and the Depression Adjective Checklist. However, when current affective state was statistically controlled, only dysfunctional attitudes continued to show a reliable association with depression proneness. These results support Beck's cognitive model of depression but not the revised learned-helplessness model of depression.
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Sniehotta FF, Presseau J, Allan J, Araújo-Soares V. "You Can't Always Get What You Want": A Novel Research Paradigm to Explore the Relationship between Multiple Intentions and Behaviours. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2016; 8:258-75. [PMID: 27230935 PMCID: PMC4949534 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Research investigating cognitive moderators of the intention–behaviour relationship and psychological consequences of failure to enact intentions is usually conducted in a single‐behaviour paradigm. A multiple‐behaviour paradigm is introduced which overcomes bias inherent to single‐behaviour designs and allows testing of novel hypotheses. Two exploratory studies illustrate the utility of this new paradigm by investigating the role of cognitive predictors and psychological correlates of intention–behaviour relationships. Method The proposed method involves measuring multiple intentions across common areas of life activity at baseline and corresponding behaviours at follow‐up. In two studies, 51 intentions and behaviours were assessed (49 by self‐report, 2 objectively). In Study 1, participants (n = 126) also completed self‐reported measures of everyday cognitive failures and dysexecutive behaviours, crystallised intelligence (Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale) at baseline and Quality of Life (QoL; follow‐up). In Study 2, objective executive function measures (Stroop, Go/NoGo task and Word Fluency test) were completed by N = 30 participants. Results The total number of intentions, cognitive, and QoL measures were unrelated to the percentage of intentions enacted. Crystallised intelligence was related to successful intention implementation and problems with emotion regulation were associated with forming fewer intentions and with fewer failed intentions. QoL was strongly related with more intentions, regardless of whether or not these were implemented. Study 2 showed that cognitive flexibility (word fluency) and task errors, rather than Stroop effect and Go/No‐Go performance were related, to intention–behaviour congruence. Conclusion Intention–behaviour relationships might be better understood when considering the multiple intentions and behaviours that people are engaged in at once at any one point in time. A multiple‐behaviour paradigm suggests novel hypotheses. Preliminary findings reported here require replication. Anticipated applications of the paradigm are outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falko F Sniehotta
- Newcastle University, UK.,Fuse: The UK CRC Centre of Excellence for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle University, UK
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Houston DM. Revisiting the relationship between attributional style and academic performance. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 46:192-200. [PMID: 27594711 PMCID: PMC4989416 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previous research into the relationship between attributions and academic performance has produced contradictory findings that have not been resolved. The present research examines the role of specific dimensions of attributional style in predicting subsequent academic performance in a sample of pupils (N = 979) from both high- and low-achieving schools. Hierarchical regression and moderation analyses indicate that internal, stable, and global, attributional styles for positive events predict higher levels of academic performance. Global attributions for negative events were related to poorer performance across all schools. Stable attributions for negative events were related to higher levels of performance in high-achieving schools but not in low-achieving schools. Higher levels of internality for negative events were associated with higher performance only in low achieving schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Houston
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology University of Kent Canterbury Kent CT2 7NP United Kingdom
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Becker MP, Collins PF, Lim KO, Muetzel RL, Luciana M. Longitudinal changes in white matter microstructure after heavy cannabis use. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2015; 16:23-35. [PMID: 26602958 PMCID: PMC4691379 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of cannabis users report alterations in brain white matter microstructure, primarily based on cross-sectional research, and etiology of the alterations remains unclear. We report findings from longitudinal voxelwise analyses of DTI data collected at baseline and at a 2-year follow-up on 23 young adult (18-20 years old at baseline) regular cannabis users and 23 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched non-using controls with limited substance use histories. Onset of cannabis use was prior to age 17. Cannabis users displayed reduced longitudinal growth in fractional anisotropy in the central and parietal regions of the right and left superior longitudinal fasciculus, in white matter adjacent to the left superior frontal gyrus, in the left corticospinal tract, and in the right anterior thalamic radiation lateral to the genu of the corpus callosum, along with less longitudinal reduction of radial diffusion in the right central/posterior superior longitudinal fasciculus, corticospinal tract, and posterior cingulum. Greater amounts of cannabis use were correlated with reduced longitudinal growth in FA as was relatively impaired performance on a measure of verbal learning. These findings suggest that continued heavy cannabis use during adolescence and young adulthood alters ongoing development of white matter microstructure, contributing to functional impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P Becker
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Ste. 333, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States.
| | - Paul F Collins
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Ste. 333, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Kelvin O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States
| | - R L Muetzel
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - M Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Ste. 333, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
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A Longitudinal Examination of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in People Who Have Multiple Sclerosis. Behav Neurol 2015; 2015:190405. [PMID: 26290622 PMCID: PMC4531170 DOI: 10.1155/2015/190405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hopelessness theory predicts that negative attributional style will interact with negative life events over time to predict depression. The intention of this study was to test this in a population who are at greater risk of negative life events, people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). METHOD Data, including measures of attributional style, negative life events, and depressive symptoms, were collected via postal survey in 3 phases, each one a year apart. RESULTS Responses were received from over 380 participants at each study phase. Negative attributional style was consistently able to predict future depressive symptoms at low to moderate levels of association; however, this ability was not sustained when depressive symptoms at Phase 1 were controlled for. No substantial evidence to support the hypothesised interaction of negative attributional style and negative life events was found. CONCLUSIONS Findings were not supportive of the causal interaction proposed by the hopelessness theory of depression. Further work considering other time frames, using methods to prime attributional style before assessment and specifically assessing the hopelessness subtype of depression, may prove to be more fruitful. Intervention directly to address attributional style should also be considered.
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Huang C. Relation Between Attributional Style and Subsequent Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-015-9700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Davis SN, Bergeron S, Sadikaj G, Corsini-Munt S, Steben M. Partner Behavioral Responses to Pain Mediate the Relationship Between Partner Pain Cognitions and Pain Outcomes in Women With Provoked Vestibulodynia. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2015; 16:549-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Why do(n’t) you like me? The role of social approach and avoidance motives in attributions following social acceptance and rejection. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-015-9482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mateos-Pérez E, Calvete E, Hankin BL. Negative Inferences as Mediators of the Predictive Association Between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2015.34.3.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Corsini-Munt S, Bergeron S, Rosen NO, Steben M, Mayrand MH, Delisle I, McDuff P, Aerts L, Santerre-Baillargeon M. A comparison of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and lidocaine in the treatment of provoked vestibulodynia: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials 2014; 15:506. [PMID: 25540035 PMCID: PMC4307632 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD), a frequent form of chronic genital pain, is associated with decreased sexual function for afflicted women, as well as impoverished sexual satisfaction for women and their partners. Pain and sexuality outcomes for couples with PVD are influenced by interpersonal factors, such as pain catastrophizing, partner responses to pain, ambivalence over emotional expression, attachment style and perceived relationship and sexual intimacy. Despite recommendations in the literature to include the partner in cognitive-behavioral therapy targeted at improving pain and sexuality outcomes, no randomized clinical trial has tested the efficacy of this type of intervention and compared it to a first-line medical intervention. Methods This bi-center, randomized clinical trial is designed to examine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy compared to topical lidocaine. It is conducted across two Canadian university-hospital centers. Eligible women diagnosed with PVD and their partners are randomized to one of the two interventions. Evaluations are conducted using structured interviews and validated self-report measures at three time points: Pre-treatment (T1: prior to randomization), post-treatment (T2), and 6-month follow-up (T3). The primary outcome is the change in reported pain during intercourse between T1 and T2. Secondary outcomes focus on whether there are significant differences between the two treatments at T2 and T3 on (a) the multidimensional aspects of women’s pain and (b) women and partners’ sexuality (sexual function and satisfaction), psychological adjustment (anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and quality of life), relationship factors (partner responses and dyadic adjustment) and self-reported improvement and treatment satisfaction. In order to detect an effect size as small as 0.32 for secondary outcomes, a sample of 170 couples is being recruited (27% dropout expected). A clinically significant decrease in pain is defined as a 30% reduction. Discussion The randomized clinical trial design is the most appropriate to examine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy, a recently developed and pilot-tested psychosocial intervention for couples coping with PVD, in comparison to a frequent first-line treatment option, topical lidocaine. Findings from this study will provide important information about empirically supported treatment options for PVD, and inform future treatment development and research for this patient population. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01935063; registration date: 27 August 27 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Corsini-Munt
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal H3T 1J4, Canada.
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Russell A, Haeffel GJ, Hankin BL, Maxwell SE, Perera RA. Moving beyond main effects: A data analytic strategy for testing complex theories of clinical phenomena. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Chou LF, Chu CC, Yeh HC, Chen J. Work stress and employee well-being: The critical role of Zhong-Yong. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Chou
- Department of Psychology; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chu
- Department of Business Administration; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Yeh
- College of Management; Yuan Ze University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Jashen Chen
- College of Management; Yuan Ze University; Taoyuan Taiwan
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Ledrich J, Gana K. Relationship between attributional style, perceived control, self-esteem, and depressive mood in a nonclinical sample: a structural equation-modelling approach. Psychol Psychother 2013; 86:413-30. [PMID: 24217866 DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.2012.02067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the intricate relationship between some personality traits (i.e., attributional style, perceived control over consequences, self-esteem), and depressive mood in a nonclinical sample (N= 334). Method. Structural equation modelling was used to estimate five competing models: two vulnerability models describing the effects of personality traits on depressive mood, one scar model describing the effects of depression on personality traits, a mixed model describing the effects of attributional style and perceived control over consequences on depressive mood, which in turn affects self-esteem, and a reciprocal model which is a non-recursive version of the mixed model that specifies bidirectional effects between depressive mood and self-esteem. RESULTS The best-fitting model was the mixed model. Moreover, we observed a significant negative effect of depression on self-esteem, but no effect in the opposite direction. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide supporting arguments against the continuum model of the relationship between self-esteem and depression, and lend substantial support to the scar model, which claims that depressive mood damages and erodes self-esteem. In addition, the 'depressogenic' nature of the pessimistic attributional style, and the 'antidepressant' nature of perceived control over consequences plead in favour of the vulnerability model.
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Oettingen G, Seligman MEP. Pessimism and behavioural signs of depression in East versus West Berlin. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2420200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Urošević S, Collins P, Muetzel R, Lim K, Luciana M. Longitudinal changes in behavioral approach system sensitivity and brain structures involved in reward processing during adolescence. Dev Psychol 2012; 48:1488-500. [PMID: 22390662 DOI: 10.1037/a0027502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Figure 2 was distorted in production. The correct version is presented in the erratum.] Adolescence is a period of radical normative changes and increased risk for substance use, mood disorders, and physical injury. Researchers have proposed that increases in reward sensitivity (i.e., sensitivity of the behavioral approach system [BAS]) and/or increases in reactivity to all emotional stimuli (i.e., reward and threat sensitivities) lead to these phenomena. The present study is the first longitudinal investigation of changes in reward (i.e., BAS) sensitivity in 9- to 23-year-olds across a 2-year follow-up. Support was found for increased reward sensitivity from early to late adolescence, and evidence was found for decline in the early 20s. This decline is combined with a decrease in left nucleus accumbens (Nacc) volume, a key structure for reward processing, from the late teens into the early 20s. Furthermore, we found longitudinal increases in sensitivity to reward to be predicted by individual differences in the Nacc and medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) volumes at baseline in this developmental sample. Similarly, increases in sensitivity to threat (i.e., behavioral inhibition system sensitivity) were qualified by sex, with only females participants experiencing this increase, and predicted by individual differences in lateral OFC volumes at baseline.
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Winograd G, Tryon GS. Counseling Expectations Among Students in an Opportunity Program: Dispositional and Cultural Influences. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1556-6678.2009.tb00128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abrams D, Weick M, Thomas D, Colbe H, Franklin KM. On-line ostracism affects children differently from adolescents and adults. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2011; 29:110-23. [DOI: 10.1348/026151010x494089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Jodoin M, Bergeron S, Khalifé S, Dupuis MJ, Desrochers G, Leclerc B. Attributions about pain as predictors of psychological symptomatology, sexual function, and dyadic adjustment in women with vestibulodynia. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2011; 40:87-97. [PMID: 20652736 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-010-9647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined whether attributions for vulvo-vaginal pain predicted pain intensity, sexual function, as well as psychological and dyadic adjustment in women with vestibulodynia. Women with vestibulodynia (N = 77) completed measures of attributions, pain, psychological distress, sexual functioning, and dyadic adjustment. They also took part in a structured interview and a gynaecological examination for diagnostic purposes. Attributions are represented by: (1) internality (personal responsibility) or externality (cause lies in an external situation); (2) globality (entire life affected by the problem) or specificity (problem affecting only a specific situation); (3) stability (problem will still remain in the future) or instability (weak probability that the problem will be maintained with time); and (4) partner responsibility (partner responsible or not for the problem). Results indicated that attributions were not significantly correlated with pain outcomes. However, after controlling for pain intensity and relationship duration, internal attributions predicted higher dyadic adjustment, both global and stable attributions predicted lower dyadic adjustment and higher psychological distress, whereas global attributions also predicted increased sexual impairment. Findings suggest that cognitive factors, such as attributions, may be related to psychological distress, sexual functioning, and dyadic adjustment in women with vestibulodynia. Results also highlight the importance of adhering to a biopsychosocial perspective focusing on pain reduction, sexual rehabilitation, and relationship enhancement in the treatment of dyspareunia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Jodoin
- Centre de santé et de services sociaux LaSalle, QC, Canada
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Abela JRZ, McGirr A. Operationalizing cognitive vulnerability and stress from the perspective of the hopelessness theory: A multi-wave longitudinal study of children of affectively ill parents. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 46:377-95. [PMID: 17535532 DOI: 10.1348/014466507x192023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study tested the diathesis-stress component of the hopelessness theory (HT) in a sample of youth using (1) a weakest link approach towards operationalizing cognitive vulnerability (e.g. a child's degree of vulnerability is determined by his/her most depressogenic inferential style; DIS) and (2) an idiographic approach towards operationalizing high stress (e.g. high stress is when a child is experiencing a level of stress that is higher than his/her own average level of stress). We also examined whether the association between within-subject fluctuations in hassles and depressive symptoms in cognitively vulnerable youth was moderated by absolute stress levels (the between-subject effect of stress). DESIGN A multi-wave longitudinal design was used to examine whether the association between within-subject fluctuations in hassles and depressive symptoms was moderated by a depressogenic weakest link. METHODS At Time 1, 140 children (between 6 and 14 years of age) of parents with a history of major depressive episodes completed measures assessing DISs and depressive symptoms. Every 6 weeks, for the subsequent year, children completed measures assessing depressive symptoms and hassles. RESULTS The results of hierarchical linear modelling analyses indicated that a depressogenic weakest link was associated with greater elevations in depressive symptoms following elevations in hassles in girls but not in boys. CONCLUSIONS Results provide partial support for the applicability of the diathesis-stress component of the HT to youth. Integration of the current findings with those obtained in past research examining the diathesis-stress component of the hopelessness theory in youth suggests the utilization of an idiographic approach to examining vulnerability-stress theories may potentially lead to an increased understanding of gender differences in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Z Abela
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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40
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Fresco DM, Heimberg RG, Abramowitz A, Bertram TL. The effect of a negative mood priming challenge on dysfunctional attitudes, explanatory style, and explanatory flexibility. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 45:167-83. [PMID: 16719978 DOI: 10.1348/014466505x35137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ninety-seven undergraduates, 48 of whom had a history of self-reported major depression, completed measures of mood and cognitive style (e.g. explanatory style, explanatory flexibility, dysfunctional attitudes) prior to and directly after a negative mood priming challenge that consisted of listening to sad music and thinking about an upsetting past event. Eighteen of the previously depressed participants endorsed baseline levels of depression, explanatory style for negative events, and dysfunctional attitudes higher than levels reported by never depressed participants or euthymic participants with a history of depression. All three groups (never depressed participants, dysphoric participants with a history of depression, euthymic participants with a history of depression) demonstrated increases in dysphoria and dysfunctional attitudes in response to the negative mood priming challenge. Dysphoric participants with a history of depression, but not the other two groups, evidenced modest increases in explanatory style following the negative mood priming challenge. Finally, euthymic participants with a history of depression, but not the other two groups, evidenced drops in explanatory flexibility. Findings from the present study suggest that the cognitive theories of depression may benefit from examining both cognitive content and cognitive flexibility when assessing risk for depression.
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Negative Cognitive Style and Past History of Major Depressive Episodes in University Students. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-010-9334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Marks ADG, Sobanski DJ, Hine DW. Do dispositional rumination and/or mindfulness moderate the relationship between life hassles and psychological dysfunction in adolescents? Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2010; 44:831-8. [PMID: 20815670 DOI: 10.3109/00048674.2010.487478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the moderating effects of dispositional rumination and mindfulness on the relationship between recent life hassles and adolescent mental health (operationalized as symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress). METHOD Data collected from a sample of 317 Australian high school students comprised an inventory of recent life hassles, measures of dispositional rumination and dispositional mindfulness and an assessment of current symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. RESULTS An increased incidence of recent life hassles was reliably associated with increased depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress. However, moderation analyses revealed that dispositional rumination exacerbated the relationship between life hassles and symptoms of depression and anxiety, whereas dispositional mindfulness attenuated the relationship between life hassles and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. CONCLUSIONS Interventions to increase dispositional mindfulness in childhood are proposed as a method of protecting the psychological well-being of adolescents confronted by inevitable everyday life stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D G Marks
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
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Kapçi EG, Cramer D. The mediation component of the hopelessness depression in relation to negative life events. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713658504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bürgy M. [On the hermeneutics of depressive despair]. DER NERVENARZT 2010; 81:315-322. [PMID: 19701620 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-009-2823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Despair refers to a psychopathological phenomenon which is difficult to grasp. Its formal structure (Formalanzeige) has previously been described in a publication. The formal structure serves in the following as the basis for a hermeneutic examination of depression. Depressive despair is a development which originates from an antagonism within the biographically evolved personality. This antagonism increasingly tears apart aspects of reality and aspects of desire, begins to oscillate in the form of dichotomies and, in the worst case, leads to hopelessness and suicide. In favourable cases, this process can result in a renewal of one's own individual values. The paper closes with a discussion of the corresponding therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bürgy
- Klinik für Spezielle Psychiatrie, Sozialpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Seelische Gesundheit, Bürgerhospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Tunzhofer Str. 14-16, 70191, Stuttgart.
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Haeffel GJ. After Further Deliberation: Cognitive Vulnerability Predicts Changes in Event-Specific Negative Inferences for a Poor Midterm Grade. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-010-9298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Achievement Emotions in Higher Education. HIGHER EDUCATION: HANDBOOK OF THEORY AND RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-8598-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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De Rubeis S, Hollenstein T. Individual differences in shame and depressive symptoms during early adolescence. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2008.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lo CSL, Ho SMY, Hollon SD. The Effects of Rumination and Depressive Symptoms on the Prediction of Negative Attributional Style Among College Students. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2009; 34:116-123. [PMID: 20949120 PMCID: PMC2946552 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-009-9233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 01/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Research on cognitive vulnerability to depression has identified negative cognitive style and rumination as distinct risk factors for depression but how rumination would influence negative cognitive style remains unclear. The present study investigated the relationship between rumination and negative attributional style and specifically tested the potential moderating effect of depressive symptoms and processing mode during rumination on activating negative attributional style. After completing the baseline measures of depressive symptoms, dysphoric affect, and negative attributional style, participants were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions: analytical self-focus, experiential self-focus, and distraction, in which the degree of self-focus and mode of processing were manipulated. A second set of mood and cognitive measures was administered afterwards. Results showed that a stronger positive relationship between negative attributional style and level of depressive symptoms was found in the analytical self-focus condition, relative to the experiential and distraction conditions. This finding suggested that processing mode in rumination interacted with depressive symptoms to predict negative attributional style.
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Romens SE, Abramson LY, Alloy LB. High and Low Cognitive Risk For Depression: Stability From Late Adolescence to Early Adulthood. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2009; 33:480-498. [PMID: 20216920 PMCID: PMC2834218 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-008-9219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Negative cognitive styles are an important cognitive vulnerability for depression, but stability of high cognitive risk, once developed, is unclear. The current study examined stability of cognitive vulnerability to depression in individuals at high and low cognitive risk (extreme scores on both the CSQ and DAS) over a 7-year period from late adolescence through early adulthood. Cognitive vulnerability showed high relative stability, as evidenced by the moderate to high correlation (r(s) = .62) between cognitive risk status at study onset and at final assessment 7 years later. Consistent with stability, subgroups were identified using growth mixture modeling, and most cognitively high-risk (62.22% for CSQ, 68.89% for DAS) and low-risk (55.05% for CSQ, 57.96% for DAS) participants showed stable trajectories of cognitive vulnerability. Despite this overall pattern of stability, small mean group changes were found, and a minority of participants showed changing trajectories, consistent with regression toward the mean. Predictors of change and implications for risk for depression in high- and low-risk individuals are discussed.
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Grassia M, Gibb BE. Rumination and Prospective Changes in Depressive Symptoms. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2008.27.9.931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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