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Indeglia A, Murphy ME. Elucidating the chain of command: our current understanding of critical target genes for p53-mediated tumor suppression. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38661126 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2024.2344465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
TP53 encodes a transcription factor that is centrally-involved in several pathways, including the control of metabolism, the stress response, DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, senescence, programmed cell death, and others. Since the discovery of TP53 as the most frequently-mutated tumor suppressor gene in cancer over four decades ago, the field has focused on uncovering target genes of this transcription factor that are essential for tumor suppression. This search has been fraught with red herrings, however. Dozens of p53 target genes were discovered that had logical roles in tumor suppression, but subsequent data showed that most were not tumor suppressive, and were dispensable for p53-mediated tumor suppression. In this review, we focus on p53 transcriptional targets in two categories: (1) canonical targets like CDKN1A (p21) and BBC3 (PUMA), which clearly play critical roles in p53-mediated cell cycle arrest/senescence and cell death, but which are not mutated in cancer, and for which knockout mice fail to develop spontaneous tumors; and (2) a smaller category of recently-described p53 target genes that are mutated in human cancer, and which appear to be critical for tumor suppression by p53. Interestingly, many of these genes encode proteins that control broad cellular pathways, like splicing and protein degradation, and several of them encode proteins that feed back to regulate p53. These include ZMAT3, GLS2, PADI4, ZBXW7, RFX7, and BTG2. The findings from these studies provide a more complex, but exciting, potential framework for understanding the role of p53 in tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Indeglia
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, The University of PA Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maureen E Murphy
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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2
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Nakayama R, Anderson D, Goh VST, Fujishima Y, Yanagidate K, Ariyoshi K, Kasai K, Yoshida MA, Blakely WF, Miura T. Optimizing chemical-induced premature chromosome condensation assay for rapid estimation of high-radiation doses. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2024; 200:448-458. [PMID: 38243879 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
In the event of exposure to high doses of radiation, prompt dose estimation is crucial for selecting appropriate treatment modalities, such as cytokine therapy or stem cell transplantation. The chemical-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) method offers a simple approach for such dose estimation with significant radiation exposure, but its 48-h incubation time poses challenges for early dose assessment. In this study, we optimized the chemical-induced PCC assay for more rapid dose assessment. A sufficient number of PCC and G2/M-PCC cells were obtained after 40 h of culture for irradiated human peripheral blood up to 20 Gy. By adding caffeine (final concentration of 1 mM) at 34 h from the start of culture, G2/M-PCC index increased by 1.4-fold in 10 Gy cultures. There was also no significant difference in the G2/M-PCC ring frequency induced for doses 0 to 15 Gy between our 40-h caffeine-supplemented chemical-induced PCC method and the conventional 48-h PCC assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nakayama
- Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Donovan Anderson
- Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Valerie Swee Ting Goh
- Department of Radiobiology, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, 1 CREATE Way, #04-01 CREATE Tower, 138602 Singapore
| | - Yohei Fujishima
- Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kaito Yanagidate
- Department of Dentistry, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514 Niigata, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ariyoshi
- Integrated Center for Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1295 Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kasai
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | | | - William F Blakely
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bldg. 42, Bethesda, MD 20889-5648, USA
| | - Tomisato Miura
- Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
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Hill RJ, Bona N, Smink J, Webb HK, Crisp A, Garaycoechea JI, Crossan GP. p53 regulates diverse tissue-specific outcomes to endogenous DNA damage in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2518. [PMID: 38514641 PMCID: PMC10957910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46844-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA repair deficiency can lead to segmental phenotypes in humans and mice, in which certain tissues lose homeostasis while others remain seemingly unaffected. This may be due to different tissues facing varying levels of damage or having different reliance on specific DNA repair pathways. However, we find that the cellular response to DNA damage determines different tissue-specific outcomes. Here, we use a mouse model of the human XPF-ERCC1 progeroid syndrome (XFE) caused by loss of DNA repair. We find that p53, a central regulator of the cellular response to DNA damage, regulates tissue dysfunction in Ercc1-/- mice in different ways. We show that ablation of p53 rescues the loss of hematopoietic stem cells, and has no effect on kidney, germ cell or brain dysfunction, but exacerbates liver pathology and polyploidisation. Mechanistically, we find that p53 ablation led to the loss of cell-cycle regulation in the liver, with reduced p21 expression. Eventually, p16/Cdkn2a expression is induced, serving as a fail-safe brake to proliferation in the absence of the p53-p21 axis. Taken together, our data show that distinct and tissue-specific functions of p53, in response to DNA damage, play a crucial role in regulating tissue-specific phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross J Hill
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nazareno Bona
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Job Smink
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hannah K Webb
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alastair Crisp
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juan I Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Gerry P Crossan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK.
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Chen J, Laverty DJ, Talele S, Bale A, Carlson BL, Porath KA, Bakken KK, Burgenske DM, Decker PA, Vaubel RA, Eckel-Passow JE, Bhargava R, Lou Z, Hamerlik P, Harley B, Elmquist WF, Nagel ZD, Gupta SK, Sarkaria JN. Aberrant ATM signaling and homology-directed DNA repair as a vulnerability of p53-mutant GBM to AZD1390-mediated radiosensitization. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadj5962. [PMID: 38354228 PMCID: PMC11064970 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj5962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
ATM is a key mediator of radiation response, and pharmacological inhibition of ATM is a rational strategy to radiosensitize tumors. AZD1390 is a brain-penetrant ATM inhibitor and a potent radiosensitizer. This study evaluated the spectrum of radiosensitizing effects and the impact of TP53 mutation status in a panel of IDH1 wild-type (WT) glioblastoma (GBM) patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). AZD1390 suppressed radiation-induced ATM signaling, abrogated G0-G1 arrest, and promoted a proapoptotic response specifically in p53-mutant GBM in vitro. In a preclinical trial using 10 orthotopic GBM models, AZD1390/RT afforded benefit in a cohort of TP53-mutant tumors but not in TP53-WT PDXs. In mechanistic studies, increased endogenous DNA damage and constitutive ATM signaling were observed in TP53-mutant, but not in TP53-WT, PDXs. In plasmid-based reporter assays, GBM43 (TP53-mutant) showed elevated DNA repair capacity compared with that in GBM14 (p53-WT), whereas treatment with AZD1390 specifically suppressed homologous recombination (HR) efficiency, in part, by stalling RAD51 unloading. Furthermore, overexpression of a dominant-negative TP53 (p53DD) construct resulted in enhanced basal ATM signaling, HR activity, and AZD1390-mediated radiosensitization in GBM14. Analyzing RNA-seq data from TCGA showed up-regulation of HR pathway genes in TP53-mutant human GBM. Together, our results imply that increased basal ATM signaling and enhanced dependence on HR represent a unique susceptibility of TP53-mutant cells to ATM inhibitor-mediated radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Daniel J. Laverty
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ashwin Bale
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brett L. Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kendra A. Porath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Katrina K. Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Paul A. Decker
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rachael A. Vaubel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Brendan Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - William F. Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zachary D. Nagel
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shiv K. Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Lee HJ, Im H, Lee HJ, Kim H, Yi JY. Comparison of cellular responses to ionizing radiation in keratinocytes isolated from healthy donors and type II diabetes patients. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:220-235. [PMID: 37812149 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2263549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Due to the expanding repertoire of treatment devices that use radiation, the possibility of exposure to both low-dose and high-dose radiation continues to increase. Skin is the outermost part of the body and thus directly exposed to radiation-induced damage. In particular, the skin of diabetes patients is fragile and easily damaged by external stimuli, such as radiation. However, damage and cellular responses induced by ionizing irradiation in diabetic skin have not been explored in detail. In this study, we investigated the effects of several irradiation dose on normal keratinocytes and those from type II diabetes patients, with particular focus on DNA damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cellular responses to low-dose radiation (0.1 Gy) and high-dose radiation (0.5 and 2 Gy) were evaluated. Cell cycle analysis was conducted via flow cytometry and cell viability analyzed using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Proteins related to the DNA damage response (DDR) and repair signaling pathways and apoptosis were detected via immunoblot analysis. Apoptosis and cell differentiation were additionally examined in 3D skin organoids using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared to respective control groups, no significant changes were observed in cell cycle, DDR and repair mechanisms, cell survival, and differentiation in response to 0.1 Gy irradiation in both normal and diabetes type II keratinocytes. On the other hand, the cell cycle showed an increase in the G2/M phase in both cell types following exposure to 2 Gy irradiation. At radiation doses 2 Gy, activation of the DDR and repair signaling pathways, apoptosis, and cell differentiation were increased and viability was decreased in both cell types. Notably, these differences were more pronounced in normal than diabetes type II keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS Normal keratinocytes respond more strongly to radiation-induced damage and recovery than diabetes type II keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jin Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuntaik Im
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-June Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunggee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youn Yi
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen H, Li J, Pan X, Hu Z, Cai J, Xia Z, Qi N, Liao S, Spritzer Z, Bai Y, Sun M. A novel avian intestinal epithelial cell line: its characterization and exploration as an in vitro infection culture model for Eimeria species. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:25. [PMID: 38243250 PMCID: PMC10799501 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gastrointestinal epithelium plays an important role in directing recognition by the immune system, and epithelial cells provide the host's front line of defense against microorganisms. However, it is difficult to cultivate avian intestinal epithelial cells in vitro for lengthy periods, and the lack of available cell lines limits the research on avian intestinal diseases and nutritional regulation. Chicken coccidiosis is a serious intestinal disease that causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry. In vitro, some cell line models are beneficial for the development of Eimeria species; however, only partial reproduction can be achieved. Therefore, we sought to develop a new model with both the natural host and epithelial cell phenotypes. METHODS In this study, we use the SV40 large T antigen (SV40T) gene to generate an immortalized cell line. Single-cell screening technology was used to sort positive cell clusters with epithelial characteristics for passage. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification, immunofluorescence detection, and bulk RNA sequencing analysis and validation were used to check the expression of epithelial cell markers and characterize the avian intestinal epithelial cell line (AIEC). AIECs were infected with sporozoites, and their ability to support the in vitro endogenous development of Eimeria tenella was assessed. RESULTS This novel AIEC consistently expressed intestinal epithelial markers. Transcriptome assays revealed the upregulation of genes associated with proliferation and downregulation of genes associated with apoptosis. We sought to compare E. tenella infection between an existing fibroblast cell line (DF-1) and several passages of AIEC and found that the invasion efficiency was significantly increased relative to that of chicken fibroblast cell lines. CONCLUSIONS An AIEC will serve as a better in vitro research model, especially in the study of Eimeria species development and the mechanisms of parasite-host interactions. Using AIEC helps us understand the involvement of intestinal epithelial cells in the digestive tract and the immune defense of the chickens, which will contribute to the epithelial innate defense against microbial infection in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoting Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhichao Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
| | - Zijie Xia
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nanshan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shenquan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zachary Spritzer
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yinshan Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China.
| | - Mingfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Li J, Yang D, Ge S, Liu L, Huo Y, Hu Z. Identifying hub genes of sepsis-associated and hepatic encephalopathies based on bioinformatic analysis-focus on the two common encephalopathies of septic cirrhotic patients in ICU. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:19. [PMID: 38212812 PMCID: PMC10785360 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the ICU ward, septic cirrhotic patients are susceptible to suffering from sepsis-associated encephalopathy and/or hepatic encephalopathy, which are two common neurological complications in such patients. However, the mutual pathogenesis between sepsis-associated and hepatic encephalopathies remains unclear. We aimed to identify the mutual hub genes, explore effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the two common encephalopathies and provide novel, promising insights into the clinical management of such septic cirrhotic patients. METHODS The precious human post-mortem cerebral tissues were deprived of the GSE135838, GSE57193, and GSE41919 datasets, downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Furthermore, we identified differentially expressed genes and screened hub genes with weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The hub genes were then subjected to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway functional enrichment analyses, and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed. Receiver operating characteristic curves and correlation analyses were set up for the hub genes. Finally, we explored principal and common signaling pathways by using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and the association between the hub genes and immune cell subtype distribution by using CIBERSORT algorithm. RESULTS We identified seven hub genes-GPR4, SOCS3, BAG3, ZFP36, CDKN1A, ADAMTS9, and GADD45B-by using differentially expressed gene analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis method. The AUCs of these genes were all greater than 0.7 in the receiver operating characteristic curves analysis. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results demonstrated that mutual signaling pathways were mainly enriched in hypoxia and inflammatory response. CIBERSORT indicated that these seven hub genes were closely related to innate and adaptive immune cells. CONCLUSIONS We identified seven hub genes with promising diagnostic value and therapeutic targets in septic cirrhotic patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy and/or hepatic encephalopathy. Hypoxia, inflammatory, and immunoreaction responses may share the common downstream pathways of the two common encephalopathies, for which earlier recognition and timely intervention are crucial for management of such septic cirrhotic patients in ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Emergency (Xiangjiang Hospital), The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Shengmei Ge
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Lixia Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Huo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenjie Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
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Grobbelaar S, Mercier AE, van den Bout I, Durandt C, Pepper MS. Considerations for enhanced mesenchymal stromal/stem cell myogenic commitment in vitro. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13703. [PMID: 38098144 PMCID: PMC10787211 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The generation of tissue from stem cells is an alluring concept as it holds a number of potential applications in clinical therapeutics and regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from a number of different somatic sources, and have the capacity to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and myogenic lineages. Although the first three have been extensively investigated, there remains a paucity of literature on the latter. This review looks at the various strategies available in vitro to enhance harvested MSC commitment and differentiation into the myogenic pathway. These include chemical inducers, myogenic-enhancing cell culture substrates, and mechanical and dynamic culturing conditions. Drawing on information from embryonic and postnatal myogenesis from somites, satellite, and myogenic progenitor cells, the mechanisms behind the chemical and mechanical induction strategies can be studied, and the sequential gene and signaling cascades can be used to monitor the progression of myogenic differentiation in the laboratory. Increased understanding of the stimuli and signaling mechanisms in the initial stages of MSC myogenic commitment will provide tools with which we can enhance their differentiation efficacy and advance the process to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Grobbelaar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Anne E. Mercier
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Iman van den Bout
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Chrisna Durandt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Michael S. Pepper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
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Liang R, Lin M, Menon V, Qiu J, Menon A, Breda L, Arif T, Rivella S, Ghaffari S. Elevated CDKN1A (P21) mediates β-thalassemia erythroid apoptosis, but its loss does not improve β-thalassemic erythropoiesis. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6873-6885. [PMID: 37672319 PMCID: PMC10685172 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemias are common hemoglobinopathies due to mutations in the β-globin gene that lead to hemolytic anemias. Premature death of β-thalassemic erythroid precursors results in ineffective erythroid maturation, increased production of erythropoietin (EPO), expansion of erythroid progenitor compartment, extramedullary erythropoiesis, and splenomegaly. However, the molecular mechanism of erythroid apoptosis in β-thalassemia is not well understood. Using a mouse model of β-thalassemia (Hbbth3/+), we show that dysregulated expression of the FOXO3 transcription factor is implicated in β-thalassemia erythroid apoptosis. In Foxo3-/-/Hbbth3/+ mice, erythroid apoptosis is significantly reduced, whereas erythroid cell maturation, and red blood cell and hemoglobin production are substantially improved even with elevated reactive oxygen species in double-mutant erythroblasts. However, persistence of elevated reticulocytes and splenomegaly suggests that ineffective erythropoiesis is not resolved in Foxo3-/-/Hbbth3/+. We found the cell cycle inhibitor Cdkn1a (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21), a FOXO3 target gene, is markedly upregulated in both mouse and patient-derived β-thalassemic erythroid precursors. Double-mutant p21/Hbbth3/+ mice exhibited embryonic lethality with only a fraction of mice surviving to weaning. Notably, studies in adult mice displayed greatly reduced apoptosis and circulating Epo in erythroid compartments of surviving p21-/-/Hbbth3/+ mice relative to Hbbth3/+ mice, whereas ineffective erythroid cell maturation, extramedullary erythropoiesis, and splenomegaly were not modified. These combined results suggest that mechanisms that control β-thalassemic erythroid cell survival and differentiation are uncoupled from ineffective erythropoiesis and involve a molecular network including FOXO3 and P21. Overall, these studies provide a new framework for investigating ineffective erythropoiesis in β-thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Liang
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Multidisciplinary Training, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Miao Lin
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Vijay Menon
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jiajing Qiu
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Anagha Menon
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Multidisciplinary Training, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Laura Breda
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tasleem Arif
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Stefano Rivella
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Saghi Ghaffari
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Multidisciplinary Training, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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10
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Ben-Oz BM, Machour FE, Nicola M, Argoetti A, Polyak G, Hanna R, Kleifeld O, Mandel-Gutfreund Y, Ayoub N. A dual role of RBM42 in modulating splicing and translation of CDKN1A/p21 during DNA damage response. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7628. [PMID: 37993446 PMCID: PMC10665399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
p53-mediated cell cycle arrest during DNA damage is dependent on the induction of p21 protein, encoded by the CDKN1A gene. p21 inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases required for cell cycle progression to guarantee accurate repair of DNA lesions. Hence, fine-tuning of p21 levels is crucial to preserve genomic stability. Currently, the multilayered regulation of p21 levels during DNA damage is not fully understood. Herein, we identify the human RNA binding motif protein 42 (RBM42) as a regulator of p21 levels during DNA damage. Genome-wide transcriptome and interactome analysis reveals that RBM42 alters the expression of p53-regulated genes during DNA damage. Specifically, we demonstrate that RBM42 facilitates CDKN1A splicing by counteracting the splicing inhibitory effect of RBM4 protein. Unexpectedly, we also show that RBM42, underpins translation of various splicing targets, including CDKN1A. Concordantly, transcriptome-wide mapping of RBM42-RNA interactions using eCLIP further substantiates the dual function of RBM42 in regulating splicing and translation of its target genes, including CDKN1A. Collectively, our data show that RBM42 couples splicing and translation machineries to fine-tune gene expression during DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella M Ben-Oz
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Feras E Machour
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Marian Nicola
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Amir Argoetti
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Galia Polyak
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Rawad Hanna
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Oded Kleifeld
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yael Mandel-Gutfreund
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Nabieh Ayoub
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
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11
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Flynn J, Ahmadi MM, McFarland CT, Kubal MD, Taylor MA, Cheng Z, Torchia EC, Edwards MG. Crowdsourcing temporal transcriptomic coronavirus host infection data: Resources, guide, and novel insights. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 8:bpad033. [PMID: 38107402 PMCID: PMC10723038 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reawakened the need to rapidly understand the molecular etiologies, pandemic potential, and prospective treatments of infectious agents. The lack of existing data on SARS-CoV-2 hampered early attempts to treat severe forms of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) during the pandemic. This study coupled existing transcriptomic data from severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) lung infection animal studies with crowdsourcing statistical approaches to derive temporal meta-signatures of host responses during early viral accumulation and subsequent clearance stages. Unsupervised and supervised machine learning approaches identified top dysregulated genes and potential biomarkers (e.g. CXCL10, BEX2, and ADM). Temporal meta-signatures revealed distinct gene expression programs with biological implications to a series of host responses underlying sustained Cxcl10 expression and Stat signaling. Cell cycle switched from G1/G0 phase genes, early in infection, to a G2/M gene signature during late infection that correlated with the enrichment of DNA damage response and repair genes. The SARS-CoV-1 meta-signatures were shown to closely emulate human SARS-CoV-2 host responses from emerging RNAseq, single cell, and proteomics data with early monocyte-macrophage activation followed by lymphocyte proliferation. The circulatory hormone adrenomedullin was observed as maximally elevated in elderly patients who died from COVID-19. Stage-specific correlations to compounds with potential to treat COVID-19 and future coronavirus infections were in part validated by a subset of twenty-four that are in clinical trials to treat COVID-19. This study represents a roadmap to leverage existing data in the public domain to derive novel molecular and biological insights and potential treatments to emerging human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Flynn
- Illumina Corporation, San Diego, CA 92122, United States
| | - Mehdi M Ahmadi
- Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | | | | | - Mark A Taylor
- Bioinfo Solutions LLC, Parker, CO 80134, United States
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Illumina Corporation, San Diego, CA 92122, United States
| | - Enrique C Torchia
- Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
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12
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Hu J, Leisegang MS, Looso M, Drekolia MK, Wittig J, Mettner J, Karantanou C, Kyselova A, Dumbovic G, Li X, Li Y, Guenther S, John D, Siragusa M, Zukunft S, Oo JA, Wittig I, Hille S, Weigert A, Knapp S, Brandes RP, Müller OJ, Papapetropoulos A, Sigala F, Dobreva G, Kojonazarov B, Fleming I, Bibli SI. Disrupted Binding of Cystathionine γ-Lyase to p53 Promotes Endothelial Senescence. Circ Res 2023; 133:842-857. [PMID: 37800327 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced age is unequivocally linked to the development of cardiovascular disease; however, the mechanisms resulting in reduced endothelial cell regeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated novel mechanisms involved in endothelial cell senescence that impact endothelial cell transcription and vascular repair after injury. METHODS Native endothelial cells were isolated from young (20±3.4 years) and aged (80±2.3 years) individuals and subjected to molecular analyses to assess global transcriptional and metabolic changes. In vitro studies were conducted using primary human and murine endothelial cells. A murine aortic re-endothelialization model was used to examine endothelial cell regenerative capacity in vivo. RESULTS RNA sequencing of native endothelial cells revealed that aging resulted in p53-mediated reprogramming to express senescence-associated genes and suppress glycolysis. Reduced glucose uptake and ATP contributed to attenuated assembly of the telomerase complex, which was required for endothelial cell proliferation. Enhanced p53 activity in aging was linked to its acetylation on K120 due to enhanced activity of the acetyltransferase MOZ (monocytic leukemic zinc finger). Mechanistically, p53 acetylation and translocation were, at least partially, attributed to the loss of the vasoprotective enzyme, CSE (cystathionine γ-lyase). CSE physically anchored p53 in the cytosol to prevent its nuclear translocation and CSE absence inhibited AKT (Protein kinase B)-mediated MOZ phosphorylation, which in turn increased MOZ activity and subsequently p53 acetylation. In mice, the endothelial cell-specific deletion of CSE activated p53, induced premature endothelial senescence, and arrested vascular repair after injury. In contrast, the adeno-associated virus 9-mediated re-expression of an active CSE mutant retained p53 in the cytosol, maintained endothelial glucose metabolism and proliferation, and prevented endothelial cell senescence. Adenoviral overexpression of CSE in native endothelial cells from aged individuals maintained low p53 activity and reactivated telomerase to revert endothelial cell senescence. CONCLUSIONS Aging-associated impairment of vascular repair is partly determined by the vasoprotective enzyme CSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine (J.H., X.L., Y.L.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Sino-German Laboratory of CardioPulmonary Science (J.H., I.F.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias S Leisegang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (M.S.L., J.A.O., R.P.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mario Looso
- Bioinformatics Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.L., S.G.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
| | - Maria-Kyriaki Drekolia
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Janina Wittig
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Janina Mettner
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christina Karantanou
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kyselova
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gabrjela Dumbovic
- Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (G.D.)
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine (J.H., X.L., Y.L.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine (J.H., X.L., Y.L.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Stefan Guenther
- Bioinformatics Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.L., S.G.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
| | - David John
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration (D.J.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mauro Siragusa
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Zukunft
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - James A Oo
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (M.S.L., J.A.O., R.P.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Sino-German Laboratory of CardioPulmonary Science (J.H., I.F.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Functional Proteomics, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (I.W.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Hille
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Germany (S.H., O.J.M.)
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I (A.W.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.K.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (M.S.L., J.A.O., R.P.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Germany (S.H., O.J.M.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (O.J.M.)
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.P.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Fragiska Sigala
- First Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Division (F.S.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg, Germany (G.D.)
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH) (B.K.), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) (B.K.), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
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13
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Mangoli A, Wu S, Liu HQ, Aksu M, Jain V, Foreman BE, Regal JA, Weidenhammer LB, Stewart CE, Guerra Garcia ME, Hocke E, Abramson K, Williams NT, Luo L, Deland K, Attardi L, Abe K, Hashizume R, Ashley DM, Becher OJ, Kirsch DG, Gregory SG, Reitman ZJ. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated ( Atm ) disruption sensitizes spatially-directed H3.3K27M/TP53 diffuse midline gliomas to radiation therapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562892. [PMID: 37904990 PMCID: PMC10614905 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are lethal brain tumors characterized by p53-inactivating mutations and oncohistone H3.3K27M mutations that rewire the cellular response to genotoxic stress, which presents therapeutic opportunities. We used RCAS/tv-a retroviruses and Cre recombinase to inactivate p53 and induce K27M in the native H3f3a allele in a lineage- and spatially-directed manner, yielding primary mouse DMGs. Genetic or pharmacologic disruption of the DNA damage response kinase Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) enhanced the efficacy of focal brain irradiation, extending mouse survival. This finding suggests that targeting ATM will enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy for p53-mutant DMG but not p53-wildtype DMG. We used spatial in situ transcriptomics and an allelic series of primary murine DMG models with different p53 mutations to identify transactivation-independent p53 activity as a key mediator of such radiosensitivity. These studies deeply profile a genetically faithful and versatile model of a lethal brain tumor to identify resistance mechanisms for a therapeutic strategy currently in clinical trials.
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14
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Gandhi VV, Gandhi KA, Goda JS, Kumbhare LB, Gota V, Kunwar A. Post-radiation treatment of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid augments cell kill by modulating DNA repair and cell migration pathways in A549 cells. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:811-829. [PMID: 37072689 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to test whether ionizing radiation (IR) treatment along with 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a redox active organodiselenide achieved better tumor control by suppressing the growth and migration of lung cancer cells. The results indicated that post-IR (2 Gy) treatment of DSePA (5 μM) led to a significantly higher cell death as compared to that of DSePA and IR treatments separately. Importantly, combinatorial treatment also showed reduction in the proportion of cancer stem cells and the clonogenic survival of A549 cells. The mechanistic studies indicated that combinatorial treatment although exhibited reductive environment (marked by decrease in ROS and increase of GSH/GSSG) at early time points (2-6 h postradiation), slowed DNA repair, inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)/cell migration and induced significant level of apoptosis. DSePA mediated suppression of ATM/DNAPKs/p53 (DNA damage response signaling) and Akt/G-CSF (EMT) pathways appeared to be the major mechanism responsible for its radio-modulating activity. Finally, the combined treatment of IR (2 Gy × 4) and DSePA (0.1-0.25 mg/kg body weight daily through oral gavage) showed a significantly higher tumor suppression of the A549 xenograft as compared to that of DSePA and IR treatments separately in the mouse model. In conclusion, post-IR treatment of DSePA augmented cell kill by inhibiting DNA repair and cell migration in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwa Vipulkumar Gandhi
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Khushboo Atulkumar Gandhi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jayant Sastri Goda
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Vikram Gota
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Kunwar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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15
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Kang S, Ahn IE. Prognostic Markers in the Era of Targeted Therapies. Acta Haematol 2023; 147:33-46. [PMID: 37703841 DOI: 10.1159/000533704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small molecules targeting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and B-cell lymphoma-2 have become the standard of care for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), replacing chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) in most clinical settings. Ongoing trials explore targeted combinations and minimal residual disease-driven treatment cessation. These dramatic shifts in the current and upcoming treatment landscape of CLL raise the need to reevaluate existing prognostic markers and develop novel ones. SUMMARY This review examines prognostic markers in CLL patients treated with standard and investigational targeted therapies. Specifically, initial treatment of TP53 aberrant patients with a BTK inhibitor can achieve 70% progression-free survival (PFS) at 5 years, outperforming the 15% 5-year PFS with a CIT regimen containing fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR). The prognostic implications of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable gene (IGHV) mutation status have also changed. Unmutated IGHV is associated with inferior PFS and overall survival after FCR and inferior PFS with fixed-duration therapy with venetoclax and anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody but not with continuous BTK inhibitor treatment. KEY MESSAGES (1) Genetic variables (e.g., TP53 aberration, IGHV mutation, complex karyotype) have a prognostic significance in CLL patients treated with targeted therapy. (2) Understanding the prognostic and predictive values of these markers is critical for the development of a risk-adapted treatment strategy in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorang Kang
- College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhye E Ahn
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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16
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Indeglia A, Leung JC, Miller SA, Leu JIJ, Dougherty JF, Clarke NL, Kirven NA, Shao C, Ke L, Lovell S, Barnoud T, Lu DY, Lin C, Kannan T, Battaile KP, Yang THL, Batista Oliva I, Claiborne DT, Vogel P, Liu L, Liu Q, Nefedova Y, Cassel J, Auslander N, Kossenkov AV, Karanicolas J, Murphy ME. An African-Specific Variant of TP53 Reveals PADI4 as a Regulator of p53-Mediated Tumor Suppression. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1696-1719. [PMID: 37140445 PMCID: PMC10326602 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in cancer, yet key target genes for p53-mediated tumor suppression remain unidentified. Here, we characterize a rare, African-specific germline variant of TP53 in the DNA-binding domain Tyr107His (Y107H). Nuclear magnetic resonance and crystal structures reveal that Y107H is structurally similar to wild-type p53. Consistent with this, we find that Y107H can suppress tumor colony formation and is impaired for the transactivation of only a small subset of p53 target genes; this includes the epigenetic modifier PADI4, which deiminates arginine to the nonnatural amino acid citrulline. Surprisingly, we show that Y107H mice develop spontaneous cancers and metastases and that Y107H shows impaired tumor suppression in two other models. We show that PADI4 is itself tumor suppressive and that it requires an intact immune system for tumor suppression. We identify a p53-PADI4 gene signature that is predictive of survival and the efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE We analyze the African-centric Y107H hypomorphic variant and show that it confers increased cancer risk; we use Y107H in order to identify PADI4 as a key tumor-suppressive p53 target gene that contributes to an immune modulation signature and that is predictive of cancer survival and the success of immunotherapy. See related commentary by Bhatta and Cooks, p. 1518. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Indeglia
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica C. Leung
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sven A. Miller
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia I-Ju Leu
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James F. Dougherty
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole L. Clarke
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole A. Kirven
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chunlei Shao
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lei Ke
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott Lovell
- Del Shankel Structural Biology Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Thibaut Barnoud
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David Y. Lu
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cindy Lin
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Toshitha Kannan
- Program in Gene Expression and Regulation, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Tyler Hong Loong Yang
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Isabela Batista Oliva
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel T. Claiborne
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter Vogel
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Lijun Liu
- Del Shankel Structural Biology Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Qin Liu
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yulia Nefedova
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joel Cassel
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Noam Auslander
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew V. Kossenkov
- Program in Gene Expression and Regulation, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John Karanicolas
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maureen E. Murphy
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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17
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Willemsen M, Barber JS, Nieuwenhove EV, Staels F, Gerbaux M, Neumann J, Prezzemolo T, Pasciuto E, Lagou V, Boeckx N, Filtjens J, De Visscher A, Matthys P, Schrijvers R, Tousseyn T, O'Driscoll M, Bucciol G, Schlenner S, Meyts I, Humblet-Baron S, Liston A. Homozygous DBF4 mutation as a cause of severe congenital neutropenia. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:266-277. [PMID: 36841265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe congenital neutropenia presents with recurrent infections early in life as a result of arrested granulopoiesis. Multiple genetic defects are known to block granulocyte differentiation; however, a genetic cause remains unknown in approximately 40% of cases. OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize a patient with severe congenital neutropenia and syndromic features without a genetic diagnosis. METHODS Whole exome sequencing results were validated using flow cytometry, Western blotting, coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative PCR, cell cycle and proliferation analysis of lymphocytes and fibroblasts and granulocytic differentiation of primary CD34+ and HL-60 cells. RESULTS We identified a homozygous missense mutation in DBF4 in a patient with mild extra-uterine growth retardation, facial dysmorphism and severe congenital neutropenia. DBF4 is the regulatory subunit of the CDC7 kinase, together known as DBF4-dependent kinase (DDK), the complex essential for DNA replication initiation. The DBF4 variant demonstrated impaired ability to bind CDC7, resulting in decreased DDK-mediated phosphorylation, defective S-phase entry and progression and impaired differentiation of granulocytes associated with activation of the p53-p21 pathway. The introduction of wild-type DBF4 into patient CD34+ cells rescued the promyelocyte differentiation arrest. CONCLUSION Hypomorphic DBF4 mutation causes autosomal-recessive severe congenital neutropenia with syndromic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs Willemsen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John S Barber
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Staels
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Margaux Gerbaux
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Pediatric Department, Academic Children Hospital Queen Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julika Neumann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Teresa Prezzemolo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emanuela Pasciuto
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nancy Boeckx
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jessica Filtjens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuve, Belgium
| | - Amber De Visscher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuve, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuve, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Tousseyn
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark O'Driscoll
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Bucciol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Primary Immunodeficiencies, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven
| | - Susan Schlenner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Primary Immunodeficiencies, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven.
| | - Stephanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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18
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López-Riego M, Płódowska M, Lis-Zajęcka M, Jeziorska K, Tetela S, Węgierek-Ciuk A, Sobota D, Braziewicz J, Lundholm L, Lisowska H, Wojcik A. The DNA damage response to radiological imaging: from ROS and γH2AX foci induction to gene expression responses in vivo. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2023:10.1007/s00411-023-01033-4. [PMID: 37335333 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-023-01033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Candidate ionising radiation exposure biomarkers must be validated in humans exposed in vivo. Blood from patients undergoing positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan (PET-CT) and skeletal scintigraphy (scintigraphy) was drawn before (0 h) and after (2 h) the procedure for correlation analyses of the response of selected biomarkers with radiation dose and other available patient information. FDXR, CDKN1A, BBC3, GADD45A, XPC, and MDM2 expression was determined by qRT-PCR, DNA damage (γH2AX) by flow cytometry, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by flow cytometry using the 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate test in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). For ROS experiments, 0- and 2-h samples were additionally exposed to UVA to determine whether diagnostic irradiation conditioned the response to further oxidative insult. With some exceptions, radiological imaging induced weak γH2AX foci, ROS and gene expression fold changes, the latter with good coherence across genes within a patient. Diagnostic imaging did not influence oxidative stress in PBMC successively exposed to UVA. Correlation analyses with patient characteristics led to low correlation coefficient values. γH2AX fold change, which correlated positively with gene expression, presented a weak positive correlation with injected activity, indicating a radiation-induced subtle increase in DNA damage and subsequent activation of the DNA damage response pathway. The exposure discrimination potential of these biomarkers in the absence of control samples as frequently demanded in radiological emergencies, was assessed using raw data. These results suggest that the variability of the response in heterogeneous populations might complicate identifying individuals exposed to low radiation doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagrosa López-Riego
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Magdalena Płódowska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Milena Lis-Zajęcka
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Kamila Jeziorska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Sylwia Tetela
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Aneta Węgierek-Ciuk
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Daniel Sobota
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Janusz Braziewicz
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine With Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Unit, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Lovisa Lundholm
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Halina Lisowska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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19
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Fernández-Chacón M, Mühleder S, Regano A, Garcia-Ortega L, Rocha SF, Torroja C, Sanchez-Muñoz MS, Lytvyn M, Casquero-Garcia V, De Andrés-Laguillo M, Muhl L, Orlich MM, Gaengel K, Camafeita E, Vázquez J, Benguría A, Iruela-Arispe ML, Dopazo A, Sánchez-Cabo F, Carter H, Benedito R. Incongruence between transcriptional and vascular pathophysiological cell states. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:2023530-549. [PMID: 37745941 PMCID: PMC7615119 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The Notch pathway is a major regulator of endothelial transcriptional specification. Targeting the Notch receptors or Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) dysregulates angiogenesis. Here, by analyzing single and compound genetic mutants for all Notch signaling members, we find significant differences in the way ligands and receptors regulate liver vascular homeostasis. Loss of Notch receptors caused endothelial hypermitogenic cell-cycle arrest and senescence. Conversely, Dll4 loss triggered a strong Myc-driven transcriptional switch inducing endothelial proliferation and the tip-cell state. Myc loss suppressed the induction of angiogenesis in the absence of Dll4, without preventing the vascular enlargement and organ pathology. Similarly, inhibition of other pro-angiogenic pathways, including MAPK/ERK and mTOR, had no effect on the vascular expansion induced by Dll4 loss; however, anti-VEGFA treatment prevented it without fully suppressing the transcriptional and metabolic programs. This study shows incongruence between single-cell transcriptional states, vascular phenotypes and related pathophysiology. Our findings also suggest that the vascular structure abnormalization, rather than neoplasms, causes the reported anti-Dll4 antibody toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Fernández-Chacón
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Severin Mühleder
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Regano
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garcia-Ortega
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana F. Rocha
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Torroja
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria S. Sanchez-Muñoz
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariya Lytvyn
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Casquero-Garcia
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena De Andrés-Laguillo
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael M. Orlich
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Gaengel
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Benguría
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana Dopazo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hannah Carter
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rui Benedito
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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20
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Nguyen BD, Stevens BL, Elson DJ, Finlay D, Gamble J, Kopparapu P, Tanguay RL, Buermeyer AB, Kerkvliet NI, Kolluri SK. 11-Cl-BBQ, a select modulator of AhR-regulated transcription, suppresses lung cancer cell growth via activation of p53 and p27 Kip1. FEBS J 2023; 290:2064-2084. [PMID: 36401795 PMCID: PMC10807707 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor and functions as a tumour suppressor in different cancer models. In the present study, we report detailed characterization of 11-chloro-7H-benzimidazo[2,1-a]benzo[de]iso-quinolin-7-one (11-Cl-BBQ) as a select modulator of AhR-regulated transcription (SMAhRT) with anti-cancer actions. Treatment of lung cancer cells with 11-Cl-BBQ induced potent and sustained AhR-dependent anti-proliferative effects by promoting G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Investigation of 11-Cl-BBQ-induced transcription in H460 cells with or without the AhR expression by RNA-sequencing revealed activation of p53 signalling. In addition, 11-Cl-BBQ suppressed multiple pathways involved in DNA replication and increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, including p27Kip1 , in an AhR-dependent manner. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of individual genes revealed the requirement for both p53 and p27Kip1 for the AhR-mediated anti-proliferative effects. Our results identify 11-Cl-BBQ as a potential lung cancer therapeutic, highlight the feasibility of targeting AhR and provide important mechanistic insights into AhR-mediated-anticancer actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bach D. Nguyen
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Brenna L. Stevens
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Daniel J. Elson
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Darren Finlay
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John Gamble
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Prasad Kopparapu
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Robyn L. Tanguay
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- The Pacific Northwest Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Andrew B. Buermeyer
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Nancy I. Kerkvliet
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Siva K. Kolluri
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- The Pacific Northwest Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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21
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Yasuda T, Baba H, Ishimoto T. Cellular senescence in the tumor microenvironment and context-specific cancer treatment strategies. FEBS J 2023; 290:1290-1302. [PMID: 34653317 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence in cancer development is known to have tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting roles. Recent studies have revealed numerous molecular mechanisms of senescence followed by senescence-associated secretory phenotype induction and showed the significance of senescence on both sides. Cellular senescence in stromal cells is one of the reasons for therapeutic resistance in advanced cancer; thus, it is an inevitable phenomenon to address while seeking an effective cancer treatment strategy. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms regarding cellular senescence, focusing on the dual roles played by senescence, and offers some direction toward successful treatments targeting harmful senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahito Yasuda
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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22
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Tran AP, Tralie CJ, Reyes J, Moosmüller C, Belkhatir Z, Kevrekidis IG, Levine AJ, Deasy JO, Tannenbaum AR. Long-term p21 and p53 dynamics regulate the frequency of mitosis events and cell cycle arrest following radiation damage. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:660-672. [PMID: 36182991 PMCID: PMC9984379 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation exposure of healthy cells can halt cell cycle temporarily or permanently. In this work, we analyze the time evolution of p21 and p53 from two single cell datasets of retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to several levels of radiation, and in particular, the effect of radiation on cell cycle arrest. Employing various quantification methods from signal processing, we show how p21 levels, and to a lesser extent p53 levels, dictate whether the cells are arrested in their cell cycle and how frequently these mitosis events are likely to occur. We observed that single cells exposed to the same dose of DNA damage exhibit heterogeneity in cellular outcomes and that the frequency of cell division is a more accurate monitor of cell damage rather than just radiation level. Finally, we show how heterogeneity in DNA damage signaling is manifested early in the response to radiation exposure level and has potential to predict long-term fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Phong Tran
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J Tralie
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - José Reyes
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program and Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caroline Moosmüller
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zehor Belkhatir
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Ioannis G Kevrekidis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arnold J Levine
- Simons Center for Systems Biology, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph O Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allen R Tannenbaum
- Departments of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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23
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Role of Running-Activated Neural Stem Cells in the Anatomical and Functional Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury in p21 Knock-Out Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032911. [PMID: 36769236 PMCID: PMC9918280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents one of the most common worldwide causes of death and disability. Clinical and animal model studies have evidenced that TBI is characterized by the loss of both gray and white matter, resulting in brain atrophy and in a decrease in neurological function. Nowadays, no effective treatments to counteract TBI-induced neurological damage are available. Due to its complex and multifactorial pathophysiology (neuro-inflammation, cytotoxicity and astroglial scar formation), cell regeneration and survival in injured brain areas are strongly hampered. Recently, it has been proposed that adult neurogenesis may represent a new approach to counteract the post-traumatic neurodegeneration. In our laboratory, we have recently shown that physical exercise induces the long-lasting enhancement of subventricular (SVZ) adult neurogenesis in a p21 (negative regulator of neural progenitor proliferation)-null mice model, with a concomitant improvement of olfactory behavioral paradigms that are strictly dependent on SVZ neurogenesis. On the basis of this evidence, we have investigated the effect of running on SVZ neurogenesis and neurorepair processes in p21 knock-out mice that were subject to TBI at the end of a 12-day session of running. Our data indicate that runner p21 ko mice show an improvement in numerous post-trauma neuro-regenerative processes, including the following: (i) an increase in neuroblasts in the SVZ; (ii) an increase in the migration stream of new neurons from the SVZ to the damaged cortical region; (iii) an enhancement of new differentiating neurons in the peri-lesioned area; (iv) an improvement in functional recovery at various times following TBI. All together, these results suggest that a running-dependent increase in subventricular neural stem cells could represent a promising tool to improve the endogenous neuro-regenerative responses following brain trauma.
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24
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Wang Z, Wang H, Guo C, Yu F, Zhang Y, Qiao L, Zhang H, Zhang C. Role of hsa_circ_0000280 in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell function and attenuating neointimal hyperplasia via ELAVL1. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:3. [PMID: 36477660 PMCID: PMC9729135 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04602-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pathological proliferation of cells in vascular smooth muscle underlies neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) development during atherosclerosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which represent novel functional biomarkers and RNA-binding proteins, contribute to multiple cardiovascular diseases; however, their roles in regulating the vascular smooth muscle cell cycle remain unknown. Thus, we aimed to identify the roles of circRNAs in vascular smooth muscle during coronary heart disease (CHD). Through circRNA sequencing of CHD samples and human antigen R (ELAVL1) immunoprecipitation, we identified circRNAs that are associated with CHD and interact with ELAVL1. Our results suggested that the hsa_circ_0000280 associated with CHD inhibits cell proliferation and induces ELAVL1-dependent cell cycle arrest. Gain/loss-of-function experiments and assays in vivo indicated that hsa_circ_0000280 facilitates interactions between ELAVL1 and cyclin-dependent kinase suppressor 1 (CDKN1A) mRNA and stabilization of this complex and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G1/S checkpoint, inhibiting cell proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and NIH in vivo. Importantly, hsa_circ_0000280 reduced neointimal thickness and smooth muscle cell proliferation in vivo. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel pathway in which hsa_circ_0000280 facilitates the regulation of ELAVL1 on CDKN1A mRNA to inhibit NIH. Therefore, measuring and modulating their expression might represent a potential diagnostic or therapeutic strategy for CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunzhe Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan City, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Huating Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Chenghu Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan City, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fangpu Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan City, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan City, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan City, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Intervention, Medical College of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan City, 250012, Shandong, China.
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p90RSK Regulates p53 Pathway by MDM2 Phosphorylation in Thyroid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010121. [PMID: 36612117 PMCID: PMC9817759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression level of the tumor suppressor p53 is controlled by the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 with a regulatory feedback loop, which allows p53 to upregulate its inhibitor MDM2. In this manuscript we demonstrated that p90RSK binds and phosphorylates MDM2 on serine 166 both in vitro and in vivo by kinase assay, immunoblot, and co-immunoprecipitation assay; this phosphorylation increases the stability of MDM2 which in turn binds p53, ubiquitinating it and promoting its degradation by proteasome. A pharmacological inhibitor of p90RSK, BI-D1870, decreases MDM2 phosphorylation, and restores p53 function, which in turn transcriptionally increases the expression of cell cycle inhibitor p21 and of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and downregulates the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, causing a block of cell proliferation, measured by a BrdU assay and growth curve, and promoting apoptosis, measured by a TUNEL assay. Finally, an immunohistochemistry evaluation of primary thyroid tumors, in which p90RSK is very active, confirms MDM2 stabilization mediated by p90RSK phosphorylation.
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Chaves-Pérez A, Santos-de-Frutos K, de la Rosa S, Herranz-Montoya I, Perna C, Djouder N. Transit-amplifying cells control R-spondins in the mouse crypt to modulate intestinal stem cell proliferation. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213460. [PMID: 36098959 PMCID: PMC9475298 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelium regenerates rapidly through proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), orchestrated by potent mitogens secreted within the crypt niche. However, mechanisms regulating these mitogenic factors remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that transit-amplifying (TA) cells, marked by unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor (URI), control R-spondin production to guide ISC proliferation. Genetic intestinal URI ablation in mice injures TA cells, reducing their survival capacity, leading to an inflamed tissue and subsequently decreasing R-spondin levels, thereby causing ISC quiescence and disruption of intestinal structure. R-spondin supplementation or restoration of R-spondin levels via cell death inhibition by c-MYC elimination or the suppression of inflammation reinstates ISC proliferation in URI-depleted mice. However, selective c-MYC and p53 suppression are required to fully restore TA cell survival and differentiation capacity and preserve complete intestinal architecture. Our data reveal an unexpected role of TA cells, which represent a signaling platform instrumental for controlling inflammatory cues and R-spondin production, essential for maintaining ISC proliferation and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Chaves-Pérez
- Molecular Oncology Programme, Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla Santos-de-Frutos
- Molecular Oncology Programme, Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio de la Rosa
- Molecular Oncology Programme, Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Herranz-Montoya
- Molecular Oncology Programme, Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Perna
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nabil Djouder
- Molecular Oncology Programme, Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
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Lim JH, Kim HY, Kang HG, Jeong HJ, Kim HM. RANKL down-regulates the mast cell proliferation through inducing senescence. Cytokine 2022; 159:156018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chou X, Li X, Min Z, Ding F, Ma K, Shen Y, Sun D, Wu Q. Sirtuin-1 attenuates cadmium-induced renal cell senescence through p53 deacetylation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114098. [PMID: 36137422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), the common environmental pollutant, primarily targets at renal proximal tubules and induces nephrotoxicity. Cellular senescence, a phenomenon of cell growth arrest and a characteristics of maladaptive cell self-repair, is associated with renal disease progression. However, whether and how Cd induces renal tubular cells premature senescence is unknown. In our study, we found that Cd induced kidney damage and dysfunctions, which correlated with exacerbated tubular cell senescence, evidenced by increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, the upregulated protein expression of p53 and p21Waf1/Cip1 proteins, and elevated expression and secretion of cytokines in human proximal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells in vitro and in Cd-treated mice in vivo. Moreover, a S-phase arrest and decrease in Edu positive rate were found in Cd-treated HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, Cd suppressed the expression and activity of Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), an anti-senescence deacetylase, resulting in the accumulation of acetylated p53 and upregulation of p21Waf1/Cip1. Activation of SIRT1 significantly abolished Cd-induced premature senescence and S-phase arrest. Finally, silencing p21Waf1/Cip1 efficiently delayed premature senescence and recovered cell cycle progression. These findings indicate that Cd promotes tubular cells senescence and impairs tubular cells regeneration, resulting in kidney dysfunctions, which could be ameliorated by SIRT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chou
- Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin road, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Zhen Min
- Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kunpeng Ma
- Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Daoyuan Sun
- Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'An Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Xiong L, Garfinkel A. A common pathway to cancer: Oncogenic mutations abolish p53 oscillations. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 174:28-40. [PMID: 35752348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 oscillates in response to DNA double-strand breaks, a behavior that has been suggested to be essential to its anti-cancer function. Nearly all human cancers have genetic alterations in the p53 pathway; a number of these alterations have been shown to be oncogenic by experiment. These alterations include somatic mutations and copy number variations as well as germline polymorphisms. Intriguingly, they exhibit a mixed pattern of interactions in tumors, such as co-occurrence, mutual exclusivity, and paradoxically, mutual antagonism. Using a differential equation model of p53-Mdm2 dynamics, we employ Hopf bifurcation analysis to show that these alterations have a common mode of action, to abolish the oscillatory competence of p53, thereby, we suggest, impairing its tumor suppressive function. In this analysis, diverse genetic alterations, widely associated with human cancers clinically, have a unified mechanistic explanation of their role in oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Xiong
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA; Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Alan Garfinkel
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Newton-Abraham Visiting Professor (2019-2020), Lincoln College and Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3DR, UK.
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30
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Zhang Y, Pignolo RJ, Bram RJ. Accelerated aging in cyclophilin B deficient mice downstream of
p21‐Cip1
/Waf1. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10674. [PMID: 36248275 PMCID: PMC9549704 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of bone mass and strength is a common problem of advanced age in humans. Defective bone is also a primary finding in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic condition most commonly caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the type I collagen genes. Although altered collagen has been proposed to correlate with cellular processes that underlie aging, the causal relationships between them in vivo have not yet been completely explored. Whether aging plays a promoting role in OI development or whether OI contributes to aging, also remains unknown. The PpiB gene encodes cyclophilin B (CypB), a prolyl isomerase residing in the endoplasmic reticulum required for normal assembly of collagen. Germline deletion or mutations of CypB in mice or humans cause autosomal recessive OI (type IX). Here, we show that mice lacking CypB develop early onset of aging‐associated phenotypes, including kyphosis, fat reduction and weight loss, as well as abnormal teeth, skin, and muscle. Elevated senescence‐associated beta‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐Gal) activity was observed in fat tissues and in bone marrow–derived multipotent stromal cells. Protein levels of the cyclin‐dependent kinase (cdk)‐inhibitor p21‐Cip1/Waf1, a well known senescence marker, were significantly elevated in CypB‐deficient primary cells and mouse tissues. Importantly, loss of p21 in CypB knockout mice attenuated SA‐β‐Gal activity and delayed the development of kyphosis. In addition, less adipose tissue depot and higher SA‐β‐Gal activity were observed in a second OI model, Cola2oim mutant mice. A potential upregulation of p21 was also revealed in a limited number of these mice. These findings suggest that some of the features in OI patients may be mediated in part through activation of the p21‐dependent pathway, one of which is closely associated with senescence and aging. This study provides new mechanistic insight into relationships between OI and aging and raises the possibility of using senolytics drugs to treat OI in the future. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester MN USA
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester MN USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester MN USA
| | - Richard J Bram
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester MN USA
- Department of Immunology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester MN USA
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31
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Schirripa A, Sexl V, Kollmann K. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in malignant hematopoiesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916682. [PMID: 36033505 PMCID: PMC9403899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-cycle is a tightly orchestrated process where sequential steps guarantee cellular growth linked to a correct DNA replication. The entire cell division is controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). CDK activation is balanced by the activating cyclins and CDK inhibitors whose correct expression, accumulation and degradation schedule the time-flow through the cell cycle phases. Dysregulation of the cell cycle regulatory proteins causes the loss of a controlled cell division and is inevitably linked to neoplastic transformation. Due to their function as cell-cycle brakes, CDK inhibitors are considered as tumor suppressors. The CDK inhibitors p16INK4a and p15INK4b are among the most frequently altered genes in cancer, including hematopoietic malignancies. Aberrant cell cycle regulation in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) bears severe consequences on hematopoiesis and provokes hematological disorders with a broad array of symptoms. In this review, we focus on the importance and prevalence of deregulated CDK inhibitors in hematological malignancies.
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Lee S, Jung Park M, Joo Lee H, Kil Joo J, Soo Suh D, Un Choi K, Hyung Kim K, Chul Kim S. Decreased expression of caveolin-1 have relevance to promoted senescence in preeclamptic placenta. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 30:59-67. [PMID: 36007380 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association between altered expression of caveolin-1 and p53/p21, as indicatives of cellular senescence, in preeclamptic placenta. STUDY DESIGN Placental tissues and serum were collected from rats (Sham and reduced uterine perfusion pressure group) at 18.5 days post coitum and humans (normotensive pregnant and preeclampsia groups). The concentration and expression of caveolin-1 were measured in the collected tissues, and the correlation between p53 and p21 expression was evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Placental mRNA expression and serum concentration of caveolin-1 were measured using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Altered expressions of caveolin-1 and p53/p21 were revealed and quantified by immunohistochemistry. The association between these changes was investigated using correlation analysis. RESULTS Placental mRNA expressions and serum concentrations of caveolin-1 were significantly decreased in reduced uterine perfusion pressure and preeclampsia groups. The expressions of caveolin-1 and p53/ p21 were significantly altered in placenta complicated with preeclampsia. Correlation analysis revealed a significant inverse association between changes in caveolin-1 and p53/p21. Subsequently, these results were obtained by investigating the preeclampsia onset time. CONCLUSION These results revealed that the expression of caveolin-1 profoundly decreases in the placenta and serum of preeclampsia. These factors contribute to the mechanism of accelerated cellular senescence in placenta, which is one of the various etiologies of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Park
- The Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Joo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Soo Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Un Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chul Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang X, Gao M, Rao Z, Lei Z, Zeng J, Huang Z, Shen C, Zeng N. The antitumour activity of C 21 steroidal glycosides and their derivatives of Baishouwu: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115300. [PMID: 35430288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baishouwu has been used in China for thousands of years since it was first discovered in the late Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song and Ming Dynasties. The Chinese herbal medicines named Baishouwu include Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight., Cynanchum bungei Decne. and Cynanchum wilfordii Hemsl. It is described in the Sign of Materia Medica as "sweet, bitter, reinforce liver and kidney, and non-toxic". It is widely used for nourishing the blood to expel wind, reinforcing liver and kidney, strengthening bones and muscles. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, the current research status of the C21 steroidal glycosides and their derivatives of Baishouwu for malignant tumours and their anti-tumour mechanisms are discussed. This may lay the ground for potential application of Baishouwu and its active ingredients in the treatment of tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scientific databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, Science Direct, Google Scholar, CNKI, WANFANG DATA and VIP were searched to gather data about Baishouwu and its C21 steroidal glycosides and their derivatives. RESULTS Prior literature indicates that Baishouwu has important biological activities such as anti-tumour, anti-epileptic, reducing cholesterol, protection of liver and kidney and immunomodulatory, which are of increasing interest, especially its anti-tumour activity. Recent studies demonstrate that the C21 steroidal glycosides of Baishouwu, which have prominent antitumour efficacy, are one of its main active ingredients. Presently, a variety of C21 steroidal glycosides have been isolated from Baishouwu medicinal part, the tuberous root. This review summarizes the various antitumour activities of the C21 steroidal glycosides and their derivatives of Baishouwu. CONCLUSIONS In this review, the antitumour effects and mechanisms of total C21 steroidal glycosides and monomers and derivatives of Baishouwu in vitro and in vivo were summarized. Baishouwu can inhibit tumourigenesis by blocking tumour cell cycle progression, regulating numerous signaling pathways, promoting apoptosis, inhibiting tumour cells proliferation and metastasis, improving immunity and so on. This review provides a theoretical basis for inheriting and developing the medical heritage of the motherland, exploring the resources of traditional Chinese medicine for ethnic minorities and clinical rational drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Zhili Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Ziqin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Zhangjun Huang
- Luzhou Pinchuang Technology Co. Ltd., Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, PR China
| | - Caihong Shen
- Luzhou Pinchuang Technology Co. Ltd., Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, PR China
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China.
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Wang Y, Oda S, Suzuki MG, Mitani H, Aoki F. Cell cycle-dependent radiosensitivity in mouse zygotes. DNA Repair (Amst) 2022; 117:103370. [PMID: 35863142 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian zygotes are hypersensitive to radiation exposure compared with later-stage embryos and somatic cells, which may be due to an unusual DNA damage response (DDR). DNA damage checkpoints are an essential part of the DDR, allowing for faithful replication of cells. Although the DDR and radiosensitivity of somatic cells are dependent on the cell cycle phase, it remains largely unclear how the irradiation of zygotes at different phases affects cell cycle progression and preimplantation development. Here, mouse zygotes were irradiated with 10 Gy γ-rays at all four cell cycle phases. DNA damage checkpoints were activated by γ-irradiation at the G2 phase, but not at the G1, S, and M phases. The absence of DNA damage checkpoints at the G1 and M phases seems to be due to the low abundance of phosphorylated CHK2, which plays a key role in checkpoint activation in response to ionizing radiation. The cause of the inoperative S phase checkpoint may lie downstream of CHK2 activation. The inactive DNA damage checkpoints at the G1 and S phases contributed to micronucleus formation in the subsequent 2-cell stage, whereas irradiation at the M phase led to the highest incidence of chromatin bridges. The low developmental rates of embryos irradiated at the G1, S, and M phases suggest that embryos with these two types of chromatin abnormalities are prone to developmental failure. Taken together, these results suggest that the radiosensitivity of zygotes can be ascribed to a defective DDR at the G1, S, and M phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shoji Oda
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masataka G Suzuki
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mitani
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Fugaku Aoki
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
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35
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Defining the molecular underpinnings controlling cardiomyocyte proliferation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:911-934. [PMID: 35723259 DOI: 10.1042/cs20211180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Shortly after birth, mammalian cardiomyocytes (CM) exit the cell cycle and cease to proliferate. The inability of adult CM to replicate renders the heart particularly vulnerable to injury. Restoration of CM proliferation would be an attractive clinical target for regenerative therapies that can preserve contractile function and thus prevent the development of heart failure. Our review focuses on recent progress in understanding the tight regulation of signaling pathways and their downstream molecular mechanisms that underly the inability of CM to proliferate in vivo. In this review, we describe the temporal expression of cell cycle activators e.g., cyclin/Cdk complexes and their inhibitors including p16, p21, p27 and members of the retinoblastoma gene family during gestation and postnatal life. The differential impact of members of the E2f transcription factor family and microRNAs on the regulation of positive and negative cell cycle factors is discussed. This review also highlights seminal studies that identified the coordination of signaling mechanisms that can potently activate CM cell cycle re-entry including the Wnt/Ctnnb1, Hippo, Pi3K-Akt and Nrg1-Erbb2/4 pathways. We also present an up-to-date account of landmark studies analyzing the effect of various genes such as Argin, Dystrophin, Fstl1, Meis1, Pitx2 and Pkm2 that are responsible for either inhibition or activation of CM cell division. All these reports describe bona fide therapeutically targets that could guide future clinical studies toward cardiac repair.
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Telomere Maintenance and the cGAS-STING Pathway in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121958. [PMID: 35741087 PMCID: PMC9221635 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit the unique characteristics of high proliferation and aberrant DNA damage response, which prevents cancer therapy from effectively eliminating them. The machinery required for telomere maintenance, such as telomerase and the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), enables cancer cells to proliferate indefinitely. In addition, the molecules in this system are involved in noncanonical pro-tumorigenic functions. Of these, the function of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, which contains telomere-related molecules, is a well-known contributor to the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of telomerase and ALT in cancer regulation, with emphasis on their noncanonical roles beyond telomere maintenance. The components of the cGAS-STING pathway are summarized with respect to intercell communication in the TME. Elucidating the underlying functional connection between telomere-related molecules and TME regulation is important for the development of cancer therapeutics that target cancer-specific pathways in different contexts. Finally, strategies for designing new cancer therapies that target cancer cells and the TME are discussed.
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Chandra A, Lagnado AB, Farr JN, Doolittle M, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, LeBrasseur NK, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ, Ikeno Y, Passos JF, Monroe DG, Pignolo RJ, Khosla S. Targeted clearance of p21- but not p16-positive senescent cells prevents radiation-induced osteoporosis and increased marrow adiposity. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13602. [PMID: 35363946 PMCID: PMC9124310 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence, which is a major cause of tissue dysfunction with aging and multiple other conditions, is known to be triggered by p16Ink4a or p21Cip1 , but the relative contributions of each pathway toward inducing senescence are unclear. Here, we directly addressed this issue by first developing and validating a p21-ATTAC mouse with the p21Cip1 promoter driving a "suicide" transgene encoding an inducible caspase-8 which, upon induction, selectively kills p21Cip1 -expressing senescent cells. Next, we used the p21-ATTAC mouse and the established p16-INK-ATTAC mouse to directly compare the contributions of p21Cip1 versus p16Ink4a in driving cellular senescence in a condition where a tissue phenotype (bone loss and increased marrow adiposity) is clearly driven by cellular senescence-specifically, radiation-induced osteoporosis. Using RNA in situ hybridization, we confirmed the reduction in radiation-induced p21Cip1 - or p16Ink4a -driven transcripts following senescent cell clearance in both models. However, only clearance of p21Cip1 +, but not p16Ink4a +, senescent cells prevented both radiation-induced osteoporosis and increased marrow adiposity. Reduction in senescent cells with dysfunctional telomeres following clearance of p21Cip1 +, but not p16Ink4a +, senescent cells also reduced several of the radiation-induced pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors. Thus, by directly comparing senescent cell clearance using two parallel genetic models, we demonstrate that radiation-induced osteoporosis is driven predominantly by p21Cip1 - rather than p16Ink4a -mediated cellular senescence. Further, this approach can be used to dissect the contributions of these pathways in other senescence-associated conditions, including aging across tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Chandra
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Anthony B. Lagnado
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Joshua N. Farr
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of EndocrinologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Madison Doolittle
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of EndocrinologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismDepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismDepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - João F. Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - David G. Monroe
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of EndocrinologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Robert J. Pignolo
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of EndocrinologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of EndocrinologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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Li J, Long J, Zhang J, Liu N, Yan B, Tang L, Chen X, Peng C. Novel chloroquine derivative suppresses melanoma cell growth by DNA damage through increasing ROS levels. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2579-2593. [PMID: 35332658 PMCID: PMC9077290 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a fatal cancer with a significant feature of resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs and radiotherapy. A mutation in the kinase BRAF is observed in more than 66% of metastatic melanoma cases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new BRAF-mutant melanoma inhibitors. High-dose chloroquine has been reported to have antitumour effects, but it often induces dose-limiting toxicity. In this study, a series of chloroquine derivatives were synthesized, and lj-2-66 had the best activity and was selected for further investigation. Furthermore, the anti-BRAF-mutant melanoma effect and mechanism of this compound were explored. CCK-8 and colony formation assays indicated that lj-2-66 significantly inhibited the proliferation of BRAF-mutant melanoma cells. Flow cytometry revealed that lj-2-66 induced G2/M arrest in melanoma cells and promoted apoptosis. Furthermore, lj-2-66 increased the level of ROS in melanoma cells and induced DNA damage. Interestingly, lj-2-66 also played a similar role in BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells. In summary, we found a novel chloroquine derivative, lj-2-66, that increased the level of ROS in melanoma cells and induced DNA damage, thus leading to G2/M arrest and apoptosis. These findings indicated that lj-2-66 may become a potential therapeutic drug for melanoma harbouring BRAF mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoduan Li
- Department of DermatologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and PsoriasisXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and DiseaseXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jing Long
- Department of DermatologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and PsoriasisXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and DiseaseXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated HospitalSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of DermatologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and PsoriasisXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and DiseaseXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Bei Yan
- Department of DermatologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and PsoriasisXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and DiseaseXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ling Tang
- Department of DermatologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and PsoriasisXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and DiseaseXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of DermatologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and PsoriasisXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and DiseaseXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of DermatologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and PsoriasisXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and DiseaseXiangya HospitalChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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39
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Hisaoka M, Schott J, Bortecen T, Lindner D, Krijgsveld J, Stoecklin G. Preferential translation of p53 target genes. RNA Biol 2022; 19:437-452. [PMID: 35388737 PMCID: PMC8993080 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2022.2048562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor p53 exerts its tumour suppressive effect through transcriptional activation of numerous target genes controlling cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, cellular senescence and DNA repair. In addition, there is evidence that p53 influences the translation of specific mRNAs, including translational inhibition of ribosomal protein synthesis and translational activation of MDM2. A challenge in the analysis of translational control is that changes in mRNA abundance exert a kinetic (passive) effect on ribosome densities. In order to separate these passive effects from active regulation of translation efficiency in response to p53 activation, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of translational regulation by comparative analysis of mRNA levels and ribosome densities upon DNA damage induced by neocarzinostatin in wild-type and TP53−/− HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells. Thereby, we identified a specific group of mRNAs that are preferentially translated in response to p53 activation, many of which correspond to p53 target genes including MDM2, SESN1 and CDKN1A. By subsequent polysome profile analysis of SESN1 and CDKN1A mRNA, we could demonstrate that p53-dependent translational activation relies on a combination of inducing the expression of translationally advantageous isoforms and trans-acting mechanisms that further enhance the translation of these mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miharu Hisaoka
- Division of Biochemistry Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBHAlliance, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) partner site, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Schott
- Division of Biochemistry Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBHAlliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Toman Bortecen
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Bioscience, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Doris Lindner
- Division of Biochemistry Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBHAlliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg Stoecklin
- Division of Biochemistry Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBHAlliance, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) partner site, Heidelberg, Germany
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40
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Wang WZ, Shulman A, Amann JM, Carbone DP, Tsichlis PN. Small cell lung cancer: Subtypes and therapeutic implications. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:543-554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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41
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Roger L, Tomas F, Gire V. Mechanisms and Regulation of Cellular Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313173. [PMID: 34884978 PMCID: PMC8658264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence entails a state of an essentially irreversible proliferative arrest in which cells remain metabolically active and secrete a range of pro-inflammatory and proteolytic factors as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. There are different types of senescent cells, and senescence can be induced in response to many DNA damage signals. Senescent cells accumulate in different tissues and organs where they have distinct physiological and pathological functions. Despite this diversity, all senescent cells must be able to survive in a nondividing state while protecting themselves from positive feedback loops linked to the constant activation of the DNA damage response. This capacity requires changes in core cellular programs. Understanding how different cell types can undergo extensive changes in their transcriptional programs, metabolism, heterochromatin patterns, and cellular structures to induce a common cellular state is crucial to preventing cancer development/progression and to improving health during aging. In this review, we discuss how senescent cells continuously evolve after their initial proliferative arrest and highlight the unifying features that define the senescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauréline Roger
- Structure and Instability of Genomes Laboratory, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), CNRS-UMR 7196/INSERM U1154, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Fanny Tomas
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Véronique Gire
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-434359513; Fax: +33-(0)-434359410
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42
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Wang M, Attardi LD. A Balancing Act: p53 Activity from Tumor Suppression to Pathology and Therapeutic Implications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2021; 17:205-226. [PMID: 34699262 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-025840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
TP53, encoding the p53 transcription factor, is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene across all human cancer types. While p53 has long been appreciated to induce antiproliferative cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence programs in response to diverse stress signals, various studies in recent years have revealed additional important functions for p53 that likely also contribute to tumor suppression, including roles in regulating tumor metabolism, ferroptosis, signaling in the tumor microenvironment, and stem cell self-renewal/differentiation. Not only does p53 loss or mutation cause cancer, but hyperactive p53 also drives various pathologies, including developmental phenotypes, premature aging, neurodegeneration, and side effects of cancer therapies. These findings underscore the importance of balanced p53 activity and influence our thinking of how to best develop cancer therapies based on modulating the p53 pathway. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, Volume 17 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA;
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA; .,Department of Genetics and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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43
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Istiaq A, Ohta K. Ribosome-Induced Cellular Multipotency, an Emerging Avenue in Cell Fate Reversal. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092276. [PMID: 34571922 PMCID: PMC8469204 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The ribosome, which is present in all three domains of life, plays a well-established, critical role in the translation process by decoding messenger RNA into protein. Ribosomal proteins, in contrast, appear to play non-translational roles in growth, differentiation, and disease. We recently discovered that ribosomes are involved in reverting cellular potency to a multipotent state. Ribosomal incorporation (the uptake of free ribosome by living cells) can direct the fate of both somatic and cancer cells into multipotency, allowing them to switch cell lineage. During this process, both types of cells experienced cell-cycle arrest and cellular stress while remaining multipotent. This review provides a molecular perspective on current insights into ribosome-induced multipotency and sheds light on how a common stress-associated mechanism may be involved. We also discuss the impact of this phenomenon on cancer cell reprogramming and its potential in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Istiaq
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Department of Brain Morphogenesis, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- HIGO Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kunimasa Ohta
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-802-6014
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44
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Haghi-Aminjan H, Baeeri M, Khalid M, Rahimifard M, Mahdizadeh E, Hooshangi Shayesteh MR, Abdollahi M. Senolytic Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) by Attenuating p38/NF-кB, and p53/p21 Signaling Pathways. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Nikhitha JN, Swathy KS, Chandran RP. In vitro anticancer activity of ethanol extract of Adhatoda vasica Nees on human ovarian cancer cell lines. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:116. [PMID: 34351536 PMCID: PMC8342666 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system because there is no effective screening and most women are diagnosed at advanced stages. The probability of survival at 5 years is less than 30%, and the limitation is that it will not respond to chemotherapy protocol and surgery as well. Moreover, some evidence have shown potential anticancer properties of flavonoids, protective chemicals in plant foods, such as being an antioxidant, antiestrogenic, antiproliferative, and antiinflammatory. In this study, the anticancer activity of crude ethanol extracts of leaves from Adhatoda vasica was investigated. Results By the application of a cell-based assay, the LC 50 value of the A. vasica which showed anticancer effect was used for further studies. The cell line treated with LD 50 value of A. vasica extracts was observed for 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h to reveal the inhibition of the metastatic property in treated PA1 cells. The mRNA isolated from the teratocarcinoma PA1 cells treated with the A. vasica extract was further converted to cDNA and was amplified for the analysis of the p53 gene, p21 gene, and GAPDH gene expression. The expression in treated cells and the untreated control indicated the activity of the A. vasica extract against the ovarian cancer. Conclusion The present study suggested the antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects of medicinal plant A. vasica on PA1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Nikhitha
- Department of Biotechnology and Research, K. V. M. College of Science and Technology, Kokkothamangalam P.O., Cherthala 688527, Alappuzha District, Indore, Kerala State, India
| | - K S Swathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Indhira Gandhi College of Arts and Science, Nellikuzhi, Kothamangalam, Ernakulam District, Indore, Kerala State, India
| | - R Pratap Chandran
- Department of Biotechnology and Research, K. V. M. College of Science and Technology, Kokkothamangalam P.O., Cherthala 688527, Alappuzha District, Indore, Kerala State, India.
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46
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Biguanides drugs: Past success stories and promising future for drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113726. [PMID: 34364161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biguanides have attracted much attention a century ago and showed resurgent interest in recent years after a long period of dormancy. They constitute an important class of therapeutic agents suitable for the treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases. Therapeutic indications of biguanides include antidiabetic, antimalarial, antiviral, antiplaque, and bactericidal applications. This review presents an extensive overview of the biological activity of biguanides and different mechanisms of action of currently marketed biguanide-containing drugs, as well as their pharmacological properties when applicable. We highlight the recent developments in research on biguanide compounds, with a primary focus on studies on metformin in the field of oncology. We aim to provide a critical overview of all main bioactive biguanide compounds and discuss future perspectives for the design of new drugs based on the biguanide fragment.
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47
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Tanaka Y, Takahashi A. Senescence-associated extracellular vesicle release plays a role in senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in age-associated diseases. J Biochem 2021; 169:147-153. [PMID: 33002139 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an important tumour suppression mechanism that inhibits the proliferation of damaged cells. In senescent cells, irreparable DNA damage causes accumulation of genomic DNA fragments in the cytoplasm, which are recognized by the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon gene pathway, resulting in secretion of numerous inflammatory proteins. This phenomenon is called senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and results in multiple physiological or pathological processes in the body. In addition, DNA damage also increases small extracellular vesicle release from senescent cells. This review presents recent insights into the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of senescence-associated extracellular vesicle release that is associated with age-related diseases, particularly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Tanaka
- Project for Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Akiko Takahashi
- Project for Cellular Senescence, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation (PRIME), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004
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48
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Kamgar-Dayhoff P, Brelidze TI. Multifaceted effect of chlorpromazine in cancer: implications for cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1406-1426. [PMID: 34262651 PMCID: PMC8274723 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1951, chlorpromazine (CPZ) has been one of the most widely used antipsychotic medications for treating schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. In addition to its antipsychotic effect, many studies in the last several decades have found that CPZ has a potent antitumorigenic effect. These studies have shown that CPZ affects a number of molecular oncogenic targets through multiple pathways, including the regulation of cell cycle, cancer growth and metastasis, chemo-resistance and stemness of cancer cells. Here we review studies on molecular mechanisms of CPZ’s action on key proteins involved in cancer, including p53, YAP, Ras protein, ion channels, and MAPKs. We discuss common and overlapping signaling pathways of CPZ’s action, its cancer-type specificity, antitumorigenic effects of CPZ reported in animal models and population studies on the rate of cancer in psychiatric patients. We also discuss the potential benefits and limitations of repurposing CPZ for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pareesa Kamgar-Dayhoff
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Tinatin I Brelidze
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
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49
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Molecular control of cell density-mediated exit to quiescence. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109436. [PMID: 34320337 PMCID: PMC8924979 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Contact inhibition of cell proliferation regulates tissue size and prevents uncontrolled cell expansion. When cell density increases, contact inhibition can force proliferating cells into quiescence. Here we show that the variable memory of local cell density experienced by a mother cell controls the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activator cyclin D1 and inhibitor p27 in newborn daughters, which direct cells to proliferation or quiescence. Much of this regulation can be explained by rapid suppression of ERK activity by high cell density in mothers, which leads to lower cyclin D1 and higher p27 levels in daughters. Strikingly, cell density and mitogen signals compete by shifting the ratio of cyclin D1/p27 levels below or above a single sharp threshold that controls the proliferation decision. Thus, the history of competing cell density and mitogen signals experienced by mothers is funneled into a precise activator-inhibitor balance that decides the fate of daughter cells. Using live single-cell microscopy, Fan and Meyer show that the decision of newborn daughter cells to proliferate or become quiescent is controlled by the memory of local cell density inherited from mother cells. This memory is mediated by an ultrasensitive activator-inhibitor balance between cyclin D1 and p27.
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50
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Marney CB, Anderson ES, Adnan M, Peng KL, Hu Y, Weinhold N, Schmitt AM. p53-intact cancers escape tumor suppression through loss of long noncoding RNA Dino. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109329. [PMID: 34192538 PMCID: PMC8287872 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes exist near cancer-associated loci, yet evidence connecting lncRNA functions to recurrent genetic alterations in cancer are lacking. Here, we report that DINO, the lncRNA transcribed from the cancer-associated DINO/CDKN1A locus, suppresses tumor formation independent of p21, the protein encoded at the locus. Loss of one or two alleles of Dino impairs p53 signaling and apoptosis, resulting in a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor phenotype in genetically defined mouse models of tumorigenesis. A discrete region of the DINO/CDKN1A locus is recurrently hypermethylated in human cancers, silencing DINO but not CDKN1A, the gene encoding p21. Hypermethylation silences DINO, impairs p53 signaling pathway in trans, and is mutually exclusive with TP53 alterations, indicating that DINO and TP53 comprise a common tumor suppressor module. Therefore, DINO encodes a lncRNA essential for tumor suppression that is recurrently silenced in human cancers as a mechanism to escape p53-dependent tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina B Marney
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10128, USA
| | - Erik S Anderson
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10128, USA
| | - Mutayyaba Adnan
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10128, USA
| | - Kai-Lin Peng
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10128, USA
| | - Ya Hu
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10128, USA
| | - Nils Weinhold
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10128, USA
| | - Adam M Schmitt
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10128, USA.
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