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Liu Z, Smith H, Criglar JM, Valentin AJ, Karandikar U, Zeng XL, Estes MK, Crawford SE. Rotavirus-mediated DGAT1 degradation: A pathophysiological mechanism of viral-induced malabsorptive diarrhea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302161120. [PMID: 38079544 PMCID: PMC10743370 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302161120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteritis is among the leading causes of mortality globally in infants and young children, with rotavirus (RV) causing ~258 million episodes of diarrhea and ~128,000 deaths annually in infants and children. RV-induced mechanisms that result in diarrhea are not completely understood, but malabsorption is a contributing factor. RV alters cellular lipid metabolism by inducing lipid droplet (LD) formation as a platform for replication factories named viroplasms. A link between LD formation and gastroenteritis has not been identified. We found that diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), the terminal step in triacylglycerol synthesis required for LD biogenesis, is degraded in RV-infected cells by a proteasome-mediated mechanism. RV-infected DGAT1-silenced cells show earlier and increased numbers of LD-associated viroplasms per cell that translate into a fourfold-to-fivefold increase in viral yield (P < 0.05). Interestingly, DGAT1 deficiency in children is associated with diarrhea due to altered trafficking of key ion transporters to the apical brush border of enterocytes. Confocal microscopy and immunoblot analyses of RV-infected cells and DGAT1-/- human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) show a decrease in expression of nutrient transporters, ion transporters, tight junctional proteins, and cytoskeletal proteins. Increased phospho-eIF2α (eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha) in DGAT1-/- HIEs, and RV-infected cells, indicates a mechanism for malabsorptive diarrhea, namely inhibition of translation of cellular proteins critical for nutrient digestion and intestinal absorption. Our study elucidates a pathophysiological mechanism of RV-induced DGAT1 deficiency by protein degradation that mediates malabsorptive diarrhea, as well as a role for lipid metabolism, in the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Hunter Smith
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Jeanette M. Criglar
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Antonio J. Valentin
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Umesh Karandikar
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Xi-Lei Zeng
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Mary K. Estes
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Sue E. Crawford
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
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Pichlak M, Sobierajski T, Błażewska KM, Gendaszewska-Darmach E. Targeting reversible post-translational modifications with PROTACs: a focus on enzymes modifying protein lysine and arginine residues. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2254012. [PMID: 37667522 PMCID: PMC10481767 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2254012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PROTACs represent an emerging field in medicinal chemistry, which has already led to the development of compounds that reached clinical studies. Posttranslational modifications contribute to the complexity of proteomes, with 2846 disease-associated sites. PROTAC field is very advanced in targeting kinases, while its use for enzymes mediating posttranslational modifications of the basic amino acid residues, started to be developed recently. Therefore, we bring together this less popular class of PROTACs, targeting lysine acetyltransferases/deacetylases, lysine and arginine methyltransferases, ADP-ribosyltransferases, E3 ligases, and ubiquitin-specific proteases. We put special emphasis on structural aspects of PROTAC elements to facilitate the lengthy experimental endeavours directed towards developing PROTACs. We will cover the period from the inception of the field, 2017, to April 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pichlak
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sobierajski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
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Fosso E, Leo M, Muccillo L, Mandrone VM, Di Meo MC, Molinario A, Varricchio E, Sabatino L. Quercetin's Dual Mode of Action to Counteract the Sp1-miR-27a Axis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1547. [PMID: 37627542 PMCID: PMC10451631 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (Qc) inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated; however, interplay with some miRNAs has been reported, specifically with miR-27a, an onco-miRNA overexpressed in several malignancies. Here, we show that Qc reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis in HCT116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells, by upregulating negative modulators of proliferation pathways such as Sprouty2, PTEN and SFRP1. These are targets of miR-27a whose high expression is reduced by Qc. Moreover, miR-23a, and miR-24-2, the two other components of the unique gene cluster, and the pri-miRNA transcript are reduced, evoking a transcriptional regulation of the entire cluster by Sp1. Mechanistically, we show that Qc is rapidly internalized and localizes in the nucleus, where it likely interacts with Sp1, inducing its proteasomal degradation. Sp1 is further repressed by ZBTB10, an Sp1 competitor for DNA binding that is an miR-27a target and whose levels increase following Qc. SP1 mRNA is also reduced, supporting the regulation of its own gene transcription. Finally, Sp1 knockdown elicits the impaired transcription of the entire cluster and the upregulation of the miR-27a targets, phenocopying the effects of Qc. Through this dual mode of action, Qc counteracts the protumoral Sp1-miR-27a axis, opening the way for novel therapies based on its association as neoadjuvant with known anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (E.F.); (M.L.); (L.M.); (V.M.M.); (M.C.D.M.); (A.M.); (E.V.)
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Wang W, Hawkridge AM, Ma Y, Zhang B, Mangrum JB, Hassan ZH, He T, Blat S, Guo C, Zhou H, Liu J, Wang XY, Fang X. Ubiquitin-like protein 5 is a novel player in the UPR-PERK arm and ER stress-induced cell death. J Biol Chem 2023:104915. [PMID: 37315790 PMCID: PMC10339194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological functions of the highly conserved ubiquitin-like protein 5 (UBL5) are not well understood. In C. elegans, UBL5 is induced under mitochondrial stress to mount the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). However, the role of UBL5 in the more prevalent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-unfolded protein response (UPR) in the mammalian system is unknown. In the present work, we demonstrated that UBL5 was an ER stress-responsive protein, undergoing rapid depletion in mammalian cells and livers of mice. The ER stress-induced UBL5 depletion was mediated by proteasome-dependent yet ubiquitin-independent proteolysis. Activation of the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) arm of the UPR was essential and sufficient for inducing UBL5 degradation. RNA-Seq analysis of UBL5-regulated transcriptome revealed that multiple death pathways were activated in UBL5-silenced cells. In agreement with this, UBL5 knockdown induced severe apoptosis in culture and suppressed tumorigenicity of cancer cells in vivo. Furthermore, overexpression of UBL5 protected specifically against ER stress-induced apoptosis. These results identify UBL5 as a physiologically relevant survival regulator that is proteolytically depleted by the UPR-PERK pathway, linking ER stress to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - Adam M Hawkridge
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - Yibao Ma
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, 23298; Alliance Pharma Inc, 17 Lee Blvd, Malvern, PA 19355
| | - Bei Zhang
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biostatistics, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - John B Mangrum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, 5001 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20740
| | - Zaneera H Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - Tianhai He
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - Sofiya Blat
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - Chunqing Guo
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Human & Molecular Genetics, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyMicrobiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298; Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249
| | - Jinze Liu
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biostatistics, Richmond, VA, 23298
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Human & Molecular Genetics, Richmond, VA, 23298; Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249
| | - Xianjun Fang
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, 23298.
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Lee SH, Lee YJ, Jung S, Chung KC. E3 ligase adaptor FBXO7 contributes to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SIRT7 and promotes cell death in response to hydrogen peroxide. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102909. [PMID: 36646384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that affects 1% of the population over the age of 60. Although aging is one of the main risk factors for PD, the pathogenic mechanism of this disease remains unclear. Mutations in the F-box-only protein 7 (FBXO7) gene have been previously found to cause early onset autosomal recessive familial PD. FBXO7 is an adaptor protein in the SKP1-Cullin-1-F-box (SCF) E3 ligase complex that facilitates the ubiquitination of substrates. Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) is an NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase that regulates aging and stress responses. In this study, we identified FBXO7 as a novel E3 ligase for SIRT7 that negatively regulates intracellular SIRT7 levels through SCF-dependent Lys-48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Consequently, we show that FBXO7 promoted the blockade of SIRT7 deacetylase activity, causing an increase in acetylated histone 3 levels at the Lys-18 and Lys-36 residues and the repression of downstream RPS20 gene transcription. Moreover, we demonstrate that treatment with hydrogen peroxide triggered the FBXO7-mediated degradation of SIRT7, leading to mammalian cell death. In particular, the PD-linked FBXO7-R498X mutant, which reduced SCF-dependent E3 ligase activity, did not affect the stability of SIRT7. Collectively, these findings suggest that FBXO7 negatively regulates SIRT7 stability and may suppress the cytoprotective effects of SIRT7 during hydrogen peroxide-induced mammalian cell death.
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Shabbir W, Susan Yang KH, Dogar AM, Isaev D, Oz M. Probing the Ubiquitination-Mediated Function of Epithelial Sodium Channel in A549 Cells. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:411-418. [PMID: 35894469 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220726112002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The activity of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the tight epithelia of the lung is regulated by proteolytic activation and ubiquitination. Pathophysiology of lung diseases is directly related to changes in one or both of these mechanisms. METHODS In this study, we investigated the impact of ubiquitination and cathepsin-mediated proteolytic activation mechanisms on the functional regulation of ENaC in lung cancer A549 cells using the patch-clamp technique. RESULTS Our findings suggest that inhibiting the proteasome (polyubiquitination) with MG132 improves ENaC activity, whereas altering the pH of the lysosome (monoubiquitination inhibition) with NH4Cl has no effect on ENaC activity. In A549 cells, inhibition of cathepsin B (CSTB) decreased the ENaC current, open probabilities (NPo and Po), and the number of active channels. CONCLUSION These findings delineate novel modes of ENaC degradation and proteolytic activation of functional channels in A549 cells. Our findings indicate that both proteolytic activation and ubiquitination of ENaC significantly affect channel function and add new insights into the endogenous ENaC processing which might help to further understand the pathophysiology of the lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Shabbir
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Keun-Hang Susan Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Afzal M Dogar
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dmytro Isaev
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Murat Oz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
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Maietta I, Del Peschio F, Buonocore P, Viscusi E, Laudati S, Iannaci G, Minopoli M, Motti ML, De Falco V. p90RSK Regulates p53 Pathway by MDM2 Phosphorylation in Thyroid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15. [PMID: 36612117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression level of the tumor suppressor p53 is controlled by the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 with a regulatory feedback loop, which allows p53 to upregulate its inhibitor MDM2. In this manuscript we demonstrated that p90RSK binds and phosphorylates MDM2 on serine 166 both in vitro and in vivo by kinase assay, immunoblot, and co-immunoprecipitation assay; this phosphorylation increases the stability of MDM2 which in turn binds p53, ubiquitinating it and promoting its degradation by proteasome. A pharmacological inhibitor of p90RSK, BI-D1870, decreases MDM2 phosphorylation, and restores p53 function, which in turn transcriptionally increases the expression of cell cycle inhibitor p21 and of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and downregulates the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, causing a block of cell proliferation, measured by a BrdU assay and growth curve, and promoting apoptosis, measured by a TUNEL assay. Finally, an immunohistochemistry evaluation of primary thyroid tumors, in which p90RSK is very active, confirms MDM2 stabilization mediated by p90RSK phosphorylation.
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Strini EJ, Bertolino LT, San Martin JAB, Souza HAO, Pessotti F, Pinoti VF, Ferreira PB, De Paoli HC, Lubini G, Del-Bem LE, Quiapim AC, Mondin M, Araujo APU, Eloy NB, Barberis M, Goldman MHS. Stigma/Style Cell-Cycle Inhibitor 1, a Regulator of Cell Proliferation, Interacts With a Specific 14-3-3 Protein and Is Degraded During Cell Division. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:857745. [PMID: 35444668 PMCID: PMC9013909 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.857745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The final shape and size of plant organs are determined by a network of genes that modulate cell proliferation and expansion. Among those, SCI1 (Stigma/style Cell-cycle Inhibitor 1) functions by inhibiting cell proliferation during pistil development. Alterations in SCI1 expression levels can lead to remarkable stigma/style size changes. Recently, we demonstrated that SCI1 starts to be expressed at the specification of the Nicotiana tabacum floral meristem and is expressed at all floral meristematic cells. To elucidate how SCI1 regulates cell proliferation, we screened a stigma/style cDNA library through the yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system, using SCI1 as bait. Among the interaction partners, we identified the 14-3-3D protein of the Non-Epsilon group. The interaction between SCI1 and 14-3-3D was confirmed by pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation experiments. 14-3-3D forms homo- and heterodimers in the cytoplasm of plant cells and interacts with SCI1 in the nucleus, as demonstrated by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC). Analyses of SCI1-GFP fluorescence through the cell-cycle progression revealed its presence in the nucleoli during interphase and prophase. At metaphase, SCI1-GFP fluorescence faded and was no longer detected at anaphase, reappearing at telophase. Upon treatment with the 26S proteasome inhibitor MG132, SCI1-GFP was stabilized during cell division. Site-directed mutagenesis of seven serines into alanines in the predicted 14-3-3 binding sites on the SCI1 sequence prevented its degradation during mitosis. Our results demonstrate that SCI1 degradation at the beginning of metaphase is dependent on the phosphorylation of serine residues and on the action of the 26S proteasome. We concluded that SCI1 stability/degradation is cell-cycle regulated, consistent with its role in fine-tuning cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. Strini
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lígia T. Bertolino
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Juca A. B. San Martin
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Hebréia A. O. Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Francine Pessotti
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vitor F. Pinoti
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Pedro B. Ferreira
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Henrique C. De Paoli
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Greice Lubini
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luiz-Eduardo Del-Bem
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andréa C. Quiapim
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mateus Mondin
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula U. Araujo
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Nubia B. Eloy
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Matteo Barberis
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Helena S. Goldman
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Alsamri H, Hasasna HE, Baby B, Alneyadi A, Dhaheri YA, Ayoub MA, Eid AH, Vijayan R, Iratni R. Carnosol Is a Novel Inhibitor of p300 Acetyltransferase in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:664403. [PMID: 34055630 PMCID: PMC8155611 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.664403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosol, a natural polyphenol abundant in edible plants such as sage, rosemary, and oregano, has shown promising anticancer activity against various types of cancers. Nonetheless, very little is known about its molecular mechanism of action or its downstream target(s). We have previously shown that carnosol inhibits cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis as well as triggers autophagy and apoptosis in the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Here, we report that carnosol induces histone hypoacetylation in MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T breast cancer cells. We show that, while carnosol does not affect HDACs, it promotes a ROS-dependent proteasome degradation of p300 and PCAF histone acetyl transferases (HATs) without affecting other HATs such as GCN5 and hMOF. Carnosol-induced histone hypoacetylation remains persistent even when p300 and PCAF protein levels were rescued from degradation by (i) the inhibition of the proteasome activity by the proteasome inhibitors MG-132 and bortezomib, and (ii) the inhibition of ROS accumulation by the ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine. In addition, we report that, in a cell-free system, carnosol efficiently inhibits histone acetyltransferase activity of recombinant p300 but not that of PCAF or GCN5. Molecular docking studies reveal that carnosol inhibits p300 HAT activity by blocking the entry of the acetyl-CoA binding pocket of the catalytic domain. The superimposition of the docked conformation of the p300 HAT domain in complex with carnosol shows a similar orientation as the p300 structure with acetyl-CoA. Carnosol occupies the region where the pantetheine arm of the acetyl-CoA is bound. This study further confirms carnosol as a promising anti-breast cancer therapeutic compound and identifies it as a novel natural p300 inhibitor that could be added to the existing panel of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halima Alsamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussain El Hasasna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bincy Baby
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aysha Alneyadi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yusra Al Dhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Akli Ayoub
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Liu X, Li Y, Wang M, Wang X, Zhang L, Peng T, Liang W, Wang Z, Lu H. The 1316T>C missenses mutation in MTHFR contributes to MTHFR deficiency by targeting MTHFR to proteasome degradation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1176-85. [PMID: 33290257 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency is a rare hereditary disease characterized by defects in folate and homocysteine metabolism. Individuals with inherited MTHFR gene mutations have a higher tendency to develop neurodegeneration disease as Alzheimer’ disease and atherosclerosis. MTHFR is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing folate production, various SNPs/mutations in the MTHFR gene have been correlated to MTHFR deficiency. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the pathogenic effects of these SNPs/mutations have not been clearly understood. In the present study, we reported a severe MTHFR deficiency patient with late-onset motor dysfunction and sequenced MTHFR gene exons of the family. The patient carries an MD-associating SNP (rs748289202) in one MTHFR allele and the rs545086633 SNP with unknown disease relevance in the other. The rs545086633 SNP (p.Leu439Pro) results in an L439P substitution in MTHFR protein, and drastically decreases mutant protein expression by promoting proteasomal degradation. L439 in MTHFR is highly conserved in vertebrates. Our study demonstrated that p.Leu439Pro in MTHFR is the first mutation causing significant intracellular defects of MTHFR, and rs545086633 should be examined for the in-depth diagnosis and treatment of MD.
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Yin Y, Cao S, Fu H, Fan X, Xiong J, Huang Q, Liu Y, Xie K, Meng TG, Liu Y, Tang D, Yang T, Dong B, Qi S, Nie L, Zhang H, Hu H, Xu W, Li F, Dai L, Sun QY, Li Z. A noncanonical role of NOD-like receptor NLRP14 in PGCLC differentiation and spermatogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:22237-48. [PMID: 32839316 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005533117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are traditionally recognized as key surveillance pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) during innate immune regulation. Several NLRs exhibit highly restricted expression in mammalian germline, where their physiological functions are largely unknown. Here we report that Nlrp14, an NLR specifically expressed in testis and ovary, plays a critical role in regulating germ cell differentiation and reproduction. Nlrp14 deficiency led to decreased primordial germ cell-like cell (PGCLC) differentiation in vitro and reproduction failure in both male and female mice in vivo. In the male mice, Nlrp14 knockout strongly compromised differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells and meiosis. Mechanistically, NLRP14 protected HSPA2 from proteasome-mediated degradation by recruiting BAG2, loss of which was further confirmed in a human mutation associated with male sterility. NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are traditionally recognized as major inflammasome components. The role of NLRs in germ cell differentiation and reproduction is not known. Here, we identified the gonad-specific Nlrp14 as a pivotal regulator in primordial germ cell-like cell (PGCLC) differentiation in vitro. Physiologically, knock out of Nlrp14 resulted in reproductive failure in both female and male mice. In adult male mice, Nlrp14 knockout (KO) inhibited differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and meiosis, resulting in trapped SSCs in early stages, severe oligozoospermia, and sperm abnormality. Mechanistically, NLRP14 promoted spermatogenesis by recruiting a chaperone cofactor, BAG2, to bind with HSPA2 and form the NLRP14−HSPA2−BAG2 complex, which strongly inhibited ChIP-mediated HSPA2 polyubiquitination and promoted its nuclear translocation. Finally, loss of HSPA2 protection and BAG2 recruitment by NLRP14 was confirmed in a human nonsense germline variant associated with male sterility. Together, our data highlight a unique proteasome-mediated, noncanonical function of NLRP14 in PGCLC differentiation and spermatogenesis, providing mechanistic insights of gonad-specific NLRs in mammalian germline development.
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Shi Y, Wang X, Xu Z, He Y, Guo C, He L, Huan C, Cai C, Huang J, Zhang J, Li Y, Zeng C, Zhang X, Wang L, Ke Y, Cheng H. PDLIM5 inhibits STUB1-mediated degradation of SMAD3 and promotes the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13798-13811. [PMID: 32737199 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling plays an important role in regulating tumor malignancy, including in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The major biological responses of TGFβ signaling are determined by the effector proteins SMAD2 and SMAD3. However, the regulators of TGFβ-SMAD signaling are not completely revealed yet. Here, we showed that the scaffolding protein PDLIM5 (PDZ and LIM domain protein 5, ENH) critically promotes TGFβ signaling by maintaining SMAD3 stability in NSCLC. First, PDLIM5 was highly expressed in NSCLC compared with that in adjacent normal tissues, and high PDLIM5 expression was associated with poor outcome. Knockdown of PDLIM5 in NSCLC cells decreased migration and invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo In addition, TGFβ signaling and TGFβ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition was repressed by PDLIM5 knockdown. Mechanistically, PDLIM5 knockdown resulted in a reduction of SMAD3 protein levels. Overexpression of SMAD3 reversed the TGFβ-signaling-repressing and anti-migration effects induced by PDLIM5 knockdown. Notably, PDLIM5 interacted with SMAD3 but not SMAD2 and competitively suppressed the interaction between SMAD3 and its E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1. Therefore, PDLIM5 protected SMAD3 from STUB1-mediated proteasome degradation. STUB1 knockdown restored SMAD3 protein levels, cell migration, and invasion in PDLIM5-knockdown cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that PDLIM5 is a novel regulator of basal SMAD3 stability, with implications for controlling TGFβ signaling and NSCLC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Shi
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Chunyi Guo
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caijuan Huan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunlai Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linrun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Huang Y, Wang C, Li K, Ye Y, Shen A, Guo L, Chen P, Meng C, Wang Q, Yang X, Huang Z, Xing X, Lin Y, Liu X, Peng J, Lin Y. Death-associated protein kinase 1 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion by upregulation of DEAD-box helicase 20. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2803-2813. [PMID: 32449268 PMCID: PMC7419049 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Death‐associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK) is a calcium/calmodulin kinase that plays a vital role as a suppressor gene in various cancers. Yet its role and target gene independent of p53 is still unknown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we discovered that DAPK suppressed HCC cell migration and invasion instead of proliferation or colony formation. Using a proteomics approach, we identified DEAD‐box helicase 20 (DDX20) as an important downstream target of DAPK in HCC cells and critical for DAPK‐mediated inhibition of HCC cell migration and invasion. Using integrin inhibitor RGD and GTPase activity assays, we discovered that DDX20 suppressed HCC cell migration and invasion through the CDC42‐integrin pathway, which was previously reported as an important downstream pathway of DAPK in cancer. Further research using cycloheximide found that DAPK attenuates the proteasomal degradation of DDX20 protein, which is dependent on the kinase activity of DAPK. Our results shed light on new functions and regulation for both DAPK and DDX20 in carcinogenesis and identifies new potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide Huang
- Central Laboratory at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Wang
- Central Laboratory at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Libin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengchen Chen
- Central Laboratory at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingshui Wang
- Central Laboratory at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinliu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Xing
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youyu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Central Laboratory at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Tran HM, Wu KS, Sung SY, Changou CA, Hsieh TH, Liu YR, Liu YL, Tsai ML, Lee HL, Hsieh KL, Huang WC, Liang ML, Chen HH, Lee YY, Lin SC, Ho DM, Chang FC, Chao ME, Chen W, Chu SS, Yu AL, Yen Y, Chang CC, Wong TT. Upregulation of Protein Synthesis and Proteasome Degradation Confers Sensitivity to Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib in Myc-Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E752. [PMID: 32235770 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) are among the most malignant brain tumors in early childhood and remain incurable. Myc-ATRT is driven by the Myc oncogene, which directly controls the intracellular protein synthesis rate. Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a primary treatment for multiple myeloma. This study aimed to determine whether the upregulation of protein synthesis and proteasome degradation in Myc-ATRTs increases tumor cell sensitivity to BTZ. We performed differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analysis on matched primary and recurrent patient-derived xenograft (PDX) samples from an infant with ATRT. Concomitant upregulation of the Myc pathway, protein synthesis and proteasome degradation were identified in recurrent ATRTs. Additionally, we found the proteasome-encoding genes were highly expressed in ATRTs compared with in normal brain tissues, correlated with the malignancy of tumor cells and were essential for tumor cell survival. BTZ inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis through the accumulation of p53 in three human Myc-ATRT cell lines (PDX-derived tumor cell line Re1-P6, BT-12 and CHLA-266). Furthermore, BTZ inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in Myc-ATRT orthotopic xenograft mice. Our findings suggest that BTZ may be a promising targeted therapy for Myc-ATRTs.
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15
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Huang Y, Chanou A, Kranz G, Pan M, Kohlbauer V, Ettinger A, Gires O. Membrane-associated epithelial cell adhesion molecule is slowly cleaved by γ-secretase prior to efficient proteasomal degradation of its intracellular domain. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:3051-3064. [PMID: 30598504 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) is a key mechanism for activating transmembrane proteins such as epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) for cellular signaling and degradation. EpCAM is highly expressed in carcinomas and progenitor and embryonic stem cells and is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Strictly sequential cleavage of EpCAM through RIP involves initial shedding of the extracellular domain by α-secretase (ADAM) and β-secretase (BACE) sheddases, generating a membrane-tethered C-terminal fragment EpCTF. Subsequently, the rate-limiting γ-secretase complex catalyzes intramembrane cleavage of EpCTF, generating an extracellular EpCAM-Aβ-like fragment and an intracellular EpICD fragment involved in nuclear signaling. Here, we have combined biochemical approaches with live-cell imaging of fluorescent protein tags to investigate the kinetics of γ-secretase-mediated intramembrane cleavage of EpCTF. We demonstrate that γ-secretase-mediated proteolysis of exogenously and endogenously expressed EpCTF is a slow process with a 50% protein turnover in cells ranging from 45 min to 5.5 h. The slow cleavage was dictated by γ-secretase activity and not by EpCTF species, as indicated by cross-species swapping experiments. Furthermore, both human and murine EpICDs generated from EpCTF by γ-secretase were degraded efficiently (94-99%) by the proteasome. Hence, proteolytic cleavage of EpCTF is a comparably slow process, and EpICD generation does not appear to be suited for rapidly transducing extracellular cues into nuclear signaling, but appears to provide steady signals that can be further controlled through efficient proteasomal degradation. Our approach provides an unbiased bioassay to investigate proteolytic processing of EpCTF in single living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchi Huang
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany, .,the Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Anna Chanou
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gisela Kranz
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Min Pan
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Vera Kohlbauer
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Ettinger
- the Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 München, Germany, and
| | - Olivier Gires
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany, .,the Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy of Head and Neck Tumors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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16
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Pham VN, Kathare PK, Huq E. Dynamic regulation of PIF5 by COP1-SPA complex to optimize photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Plant J 2018; 96:260-273. [PMID: 30144338 PMCID: PMC6177295 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Light signal provides the spatial and temporal information for plants to adapt to the prevailing environmental conditions. Alterations in light quality and quantity can trigger robust changes in global gene expression. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two groups of key factors regulating those changes in gene expression are CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS/DEETIOLATED/FUSCA (COP/DET/FUS) and a subset of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors called PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs). Recently, rapid progress has been made in characterizing the E3 ubiquitin ligases for the light-induced degradation of PIF1, PIF3 and PIF4; however, the E3 ligase(s) for PIF5 remains unknown. Here, we show that the CUL4COP1-SPA complex is necessary for the red light-induced degradation of PIF5. Furthermore, COP1 and SPA proteins stabilize PIF5 in the dark, but promote the ubiquitination and degradation of PIF5 in response to red light through the 26S proteasome pathway. Genetic analysis illustrates that overexpression of PIF5 can partially suppress both cop1-4 and spaQ seedling de-etiolation phenotypes under dark and red-light conditions. In addition, the PIF5 protein level cycles under both diurnal and constant light conditions, which is also defective in the cop1-4 and spaQ backgrounds. Both cop1-4 and spaQ show defects in diurnal growth pattern. Overexpression of PIF5 partially restores growth defects in cop1-4 and spaQ under diurnal conditions, suggesting that the COP1-SPA complex plays an essential role in photoperiodic hypocotyl growth, partly through regulating the PIF5 level. Taken together, our data illustrate how the CUL4COP1-SPA E3 ligase dynamically controls the PIF5 level to regulate plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Ngoc Pham
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Kathare
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Enamul Huq
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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17
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Cheng J, Liu C, Liu L, Chen X, Shan J, Shen J, Zhu W, Qian C. MEK1 signaling promotes self-renewal and tumorigenicity of liver cancer stem cells via maintaining SIRT1 protein stabilization. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20597-611. [PMID: 26967560 PMCID: PMC4991478 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer death. This high mortality has been commonly attributed to the presence of residual cancer stem cells (CSCs). Meanwhile, MEK1 signaling is regarded as a key molecular in HCC maintenance and development. However, nobody has figured out the particular mechanisms that how MEK1 signaling regulates liver CSCs self-renewal. In this study, we show that inhibition or depletion of MEK1 can significantly decrease liver CSCs self-renewal and tumor growth both in vitro and vivo conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MEK1 signaling promotes liver CSCs self-renewal and tumorigenicity by maintaining SIRT1 level. Mechanistically, MEK1 signaling keeps SIRT1 protein stabilization through activating SIRT1 ubiquitination, which inhibits proteasomal degradation. Clinical analysis shows that patients co-expression of MEK1 and SIRT1 are associated with poor survival. Our finding indicates that MEK1-SIRT1 can act as a novel diagnostic biomarker and inhibition of MEK1 may be a viable therapeutic option for targeting liver CSCs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Cheng
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chungang Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Juanjuan Shan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Junjie Shen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
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18
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Abstract
Deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) reverse the ubiquitylation of target proteins, thereby regulating diverse cellular functions. In contrast to the plethora of research being conducted on the ability of DUBs to counter the degradation of cellular proteins or auto-ubiquitylated E3 ligases, very little is known about the mechanisms of DUB regulation. In this review paper, we summarize a novel possible mechanism of DUB deubiquitylation by other DUBs. The available data suggest the need for further experiments to validate and characterize this notion of 'Dubbing DUBs'. The current studies indicate that the idea of deubiquitylation of DUBs by other DUBs is still in its infancy. Nevertheless, future research holds the promise of validation of this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Haq
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the environmental limitations that affect plant growth, viruses cause major crop losses worldwide and represent serious threats to food security. Significant advances in the field of plant-virus interactions have led to an expansion of potential strategies for genetically engineered resistance in crops during recent years. Nevertheless, the evolution of viral virulence represents a constant challenge in agriculture that has led to a continuing interest in the molecular mechanisms of plant-virus interactions that affect disease or resistance. SCOPE AND CONCLUSION This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of the antiviral immune system in plants and the latest breakthroughs reported in plant defence against viruses. Particular attention is given to the immune receptors and transduction pathways in antiviral innate immunity. Plants counteract viral infection with a sophisticated innate immune system that resembles the non-viral pathogenic system, which is broadly divided into pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity. An additional recently uncovered virus-specific defence mechanism relies on host translation suppression mediated by a transmembrane immune receptor. In all cases, the recognition of the virus by the plant during infection is central for the activation of these innate defences, and, conversely, the detection of host plants enables the virus to activate virulence strategies. Plants also circumvent viral infection through RNA interference mechanisms by utilizing small RNAs, which are often suppressed by co-evolving virus suppressors. Additionally, plants defend themselves against viruses through hormone-mediated defences and activation of the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system (UPS), which alternatively impairs and facilitates viral infection. Therefore, plant defence and virulence strategies co-evolve and co-exist; hence, disease development is largely dependent on the extent and rate at which these opposing signals emerge in host and non-host interactions. A deeper understanding of plant antiviral immunity may facilitate innovative biotechnological, genetic and breeding approaches for crop protection and improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara P. Calil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular/National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant–Pest Interactions/Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570.000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth P. B. Fontes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular/National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant–Pest Interactions/Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570.000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- For correspondence. E-mail
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20
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Verchot J. Plant Virus Infection and the Ubiquitin Proteasome Machinery: Arms Race along the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Viruses 2016; 8:E314. [PMID: 27869775 DOI: 10.3390/v8110314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is central to plant virus replication, translation, maturation, and egress. Ubiquitin modification of ER associated cellular and viral proteins, alongside the actions of the 26S proteasome, are vital for the regulation of infection. Viruses can arrogate ER associated ubiquitination as well as cytosolic ubiquitin ligases with the purpose of directing the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) to new targets. Such targets include necessary modification of viral proteins which may stabilize certain complexes, or modification of Argonaute to suppress gene silencing. The UPS machinery also contributes to the regulation of effector triggered immunity pattern recognition receptor immunity. Combining the results of unrelated studies, many positive strand RNA plant viruses appear to interact with cytosolic Ub-ligases to provide novel avenues for controlling the deleterious consequences of disease. Viral interactions with the UPS serve to regulate virus infection in a manner that promotes replication and movement, but also modulates the levels of RNA accumulation to ensure successful biotrophic interactions. In other instances, the UPS plays a central role in cellular immunity. These opposing roles are made evident by contrasting studies where knockout mutations in the UPS can either hamper viruses or lead to more aggressive diseases. Understanding how viruses manipulate ER associated post-translational machineries to better manage virus–host interactions will provide new targets for crop improvement.
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21
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Sohn SY, Hearing P. The adenovirus E4-ORF3 protein functions as a SUMO E3 ligase for TIF-1γ sumoylation and poly-SUMO chain elongation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:6725-30. [PMID: 27247387 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603872113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The adenovirus (Ad) early region 4 (E4)-ORF3 protein regulates diverse cellular processes to optimize the host environment for the establishment of Ad replication. E4-ORF3 self-assembles into multimers to form a nuclear scaffold in infected cells and creates distinct binding interfaces for different cellular target proteins. Previous studies have shown that the Ad5 E4-ORF3 protein induces sumoylation of multiple cellular proteins and subsequent proteasomal degradation of some of them, but the detailed mechanism of E4-ORF3 function remained unknown. Here, we investigate the role of E4-ORF3 in the sumoylation process by using transcription intermediary factor (TIF)-1γ as a substrate. Remarkably, we discovered that purified E4-ORF3 protein stimulates TIF-1γ sumoylation in vitro, demonstrating that E4-ORF3 acts as a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase. Furthermore, E4-ORF3 significantly increases poly-SUMO3 chain formation in vitro in the absence of substrate, showing that E4-ORF3 has SUMO E4 elongase activity. An E4-ORF3 mutant, which is defective in protein multimerization, exhibited severely decreased activity, demonstrating that E4-ORF3 self-assembly is required for these activities. Using a SUMO3 mutant, K11R, we found that E4-ORF3 facilitates the initial acceptor SUMO3 conjugation to TIF-1γ as well as poly-SUMO chain elongation. The E4-ORF3 protein displays no SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase activity in our assay system. These studies reveal the mechanism by which E4-ORF3 targets specific cellular proteins for sumoylation and proteasomal degradation and provide significant insight into how a small viral protein can play a role as a SUMO E3 ligase and E4-like SUMO elongase to impact a variety of cellular responses.
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Vilela B, Pagès M, Riera M. Emerging roles of protein kinase CK2 in abscisic acid signaling. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:966. [PMID: 26579189 PMCID: PMC4630567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many aspects of plant growth and development as well as responses to multiple stresses. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation or ubiquitination have pivotal roles in the regulation of ABA signaling. In addition to the positive regulator sucrose non-fermenting-1 related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2), the relevance of the role of other protein kinases, such as CK2, has been recently highlighted. We have recently established that CK2 phosphorylates the maize ortholog of open stomata 1 OST1, ZmOST1, suggesting a role of CK2 phosphorylation in the control of ZmOST1 protein degradation (Vilela et al., 2015). CK2 is a pleiotropic enzyme involved in multiple developmental and stress-responsive pathways. This review summarizes recent advances that taken together suggest a prominent role of protein kinase CK2 in ABA signaling and related processes.
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