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Gerhardt T, Huynh P, McAlpine CS. Neuroimmune circuits in the plaque and bone marrow regulate atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2025; 120:2395-2407. [PMID: 39086175 PMCID: PMC11976727 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of death globally. Although its focal pathology is atheroma that develops in arterial walls, atherosclerosis is a systemic disease involving contributions by many organs and tissues. It is now established that the immune system causally contributes to all phases of atherosclerosis. Recent and emerging evidence positions the nervous system as a key modulator of inflammatory processes that underlie atherosclerosis. This neuroimmune cross-talk, we are learning, is bidirectional, and immune-regulated afferent signalling is becoming increasingly recognized in atherosclerosis. Here, we summarize data and concepts that link the immune and nervous systems in atherosclerosis by focusing on two important sites, the arterial vessel and the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gerhardt
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute and the Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friede Springer Center for Cardiovascular Prevention at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pacific Huynh
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute and the Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Cameron S McAlpine
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute and the Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
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2
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Karakasis P, Theofilis P, Patoulias D, Vlachakis PK, Antoniadis AP, Fragakis N. Diabetes-Driven Atherosclerosis: Updated Mechanistic Insights and Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2196. [PMID: 40076813 PMCID: PMC11900163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2025] [Revised: 02/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
The global rise in diabetes prevalence has significantly contributed to the increasing burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. Diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis through mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and epigenetic dysregulation, leading to unstable plaques and an elevated risk of cardiovascular events. Despite advancements in controlling traditional risk factors like dyslipidemia and hypertension, a considerable residual cardiovascular risk persists, highlighting the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Emerging treatments, including sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, epigenetic modulators, and RNA-based therapies, are showing promise in addressing the unique challenges of diabetes-associated ASCVD. Precision medicine strategies, such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery and cell-specific therapies, offer further potential for mitigating cardiovascular complications. Advances in multiomics and systems biology continue to deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of diabetes-related atherosclerosis, offering a roadmap for future research and precision medicine approaches to mitigate cardiovascular risk in this growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paschalis Karakasis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.A.); (N.F.)
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (P.T.); (P.K.V.)
| | - Dimitrios Patoulias
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Panayotis K. Vlachakis
- First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (P.T.); (P.K.V.)
| | - Antonios P. Antoniadis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.A.); (N.F.)
| | - Nikolaos Fragakis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.A.); (N.F.)
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3
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Cui XY, Zhan JK. Capsaicin and TRPV1: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Mitigate Vascular Aging. Aging Dis 2025:AD.2024.1292. [PMID: 39965247 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging and its associated diseases represent a principal cause of mortality among the global elderly population, making the mitigation of vascular aging a significant aspiration for humanity. This article explores the intersection of nature and health, focusing on the role of the natural plant, pepper, and its principal bioactive compound, capsaicin, in combating vascular aging. By examining molecular and cellular mechanisms as well as phenotypic alterations in blood vessels, we offer a comprehensive review of the effects of capsaicin and its receptor, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), within vascular aging. We propose that capsaicin may serve as the medication with the potential to slow the progress of vascular aging and could constitute a new strategy to treat vascular aging related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yu Cui
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun-Kun Zhan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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4
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Khan AW, Jandeleit-Dahm KAM. Atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus: novel mechanisms and mechanism-based therapeutic approaches. Nat Rev Cardiol 2025:10.1038/s41569-024-01115-w. [PMID: 39805949 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a disease of large and medium arteries that can lead to life-threatening cardiovascular and cerebrovascular consequences, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Moreover, atherosclerosis is a major contributor to cardiovascular-related mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes aggravates the pathobiological mechanisms that underlie the development of atherosclerosis. Currently available anti-atherosclerotic drugs or strategies solely focus on optimal control of systemic risk factors, including hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia, but do not adequately target the diabetes-exacerbated mechanisms of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, highlighting the need for targeted, mechanism-based therapies. This Review focuses on emerging pathological mechanisms and related novel therapeutic targets in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed Khan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Karin A M Jandeleit-Dahm
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Centre for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
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5
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Musetti B, Kun A, Menchaca D, Rodríguez-Haralambides A, Varela J, Thomson L, Bahnson EM. Cannabis sativa extracts inhibit LDL oxidation and the formation of foam cells in vitro, acting as potential multi-step inhibitors of atherosclerosis development. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310777. [PMID: 39705234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease is the leading cause of death world-wide. Our goal was to explore the effect of phytocannabinoids on the molecular mechanisms triggering the development of the atheromatous lesion. Three cannabis sativa extracts of different chemotypes were chemically characterized by UPLC-DAD. The capacity of the extracts to prevent the oxidation of LDL, the formation of foam cells and the activation of an inflammatory response by J774 cells, were monitored by UV-Vis spectrometry, confocal-microscopy and western blot. Three varieties of cannabis sativa, with high (E1), intermediate (E2) and low (E3) THC/CBD ratios were selected. The three cannabis extracts inhibited the oxidation of LDL by copper ions and the formation of foam cells by J774.1 cells challenged with oxLDL (ED50 5-12 μg mL-1). The effect of the cannabinoid extracts on the endocytic process was independent of the canonical cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, but related to the action of non-canonical receptors (TRPV1, TRPV4 and GPR55), involved in calcium signaling. Decreased levels of CD36 and OLR1 scavenger receptors were, at least partially, responsible for the diminished uptake of oxLDL induced by phytocannabinoids. The downregulation of CD36 and OLR1 could be explained by the observed inhibitory effect of the cannabis extracts on the activation of the NFκB pathway by oxLDL. Phytocannabinoids interfere with the main events leading to the development of the atheromatous plaque, opening new venues on atherosclerosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Musetti
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Enzimología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Alejandra Kun
- Facultad de Ciencias, Biología Celular del Sistema Nervioso Periférico-DPAN-IIBCE, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Sección Bioquímica, Montevideo, Uruguay
- CIBERNED-España, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Menchaca
- Laboratorio Química Bioanalítica, Instituto Polo Tecnológico de Pando, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez-Haralambides
- Laboratorio Química Bioanalítica, Instituto Polo Tecnológico de Pando, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - Javier Varela
- Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Medicinal, de la República, Uruguay
| | - Leonor Thomson
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Enzimología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Edward M Bahnson
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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6
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Guo Y, Wei X, Pei J, Yang H, Zheng XL. Dissecting the role of cannabinoids in vascular health and disease. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31373. [PMID: 38988064 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cannabis, often recognized as the most widely used illegal psychoactive substance globally, has seen a shift in its legal status in several countries and regions for both recreational and medicinal uses. This change has brought to light new evidence linking cannabis consumption to various vascular conditions. Specifically, there is an association between cannabis use and atherosclerosis, along with conditions such as arteritis, reversible vasospasm, and incidents of aortic aneurysm or dissection. Recent research has started to reveal the mechanisms connecting cannabinoid compounds to atherosclerosis development. It is well known that the primary biological roles of cannabinoids operate through the activation of cannabinoid receptor types 1 and 2. Manipulation of the endocannabinoid system, either genetically or pharmacologically, is emerging as a promising approach to address metabolic dysfunctions related to obesity. Additionally, numerous studies have demonstrated the vasorelaxant properties and potential atheroprotective benefits of cannabinoids. In preclinical trials, cannabidiol is being explored as a treatment option for monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Although existing literature suggests a direct role of cannabinoids in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the correlation between cannabinoids and other vascular diseases was only reported in some case series or observational studies, and its role and precise mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize and update previously published studies. This review article aims to summarize the latest clinical and experimental research findings on the relationship between cannabis use and vascular diseases. It also seeks to shed light on the potential mechanisms underlying these associations, offering a comprehensive view of current knowledge in this evolving field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiaoyun Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junyu Pei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Haibo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Lu J, Wu K, Sha X, Lin J, Chen H, Yu Z. TRPV1 alleviates APOE4-dependent microglial antigen presentation and T cell infiltration in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:52. [PMID: 39468688 PMCID: PMC11520887 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent innate and adaptive immune responses in the brain contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). APOE4, the most important genetic risk factor for sporadic AD, encodes apolipoprotein E4, which by itself is a potent modulator of immune response. However, little is known about the immune hub that governs the crosstalk between the nervous and the adaptive immune systems. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channel is a ligand-gated, nonselective cation channel with Ca2+ permeability, which has been proposed as a neuroprotective target in AD. METHODS Using Ca2+-sensitive dyes, dynamic changes of Ca2+ in microglia were measured, including exogenous Ca2+ uptake and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. The mRFP-GFP-tagged LC3 plasmid was expressed in microglia to characterize the role of TRPV1 in the autophagic flux. Transcriptomic analyses and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the effects of APOE4 on brain microglia and T cells from APOE-targeted replacement mice with microglia-specific TRPV1 gene deficiency. RESULTS Both APOE4 microglia derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of AD patients and APOE4-related tauopathy mouse model showed significantly increased cholesterol biosynthesis and accumulation compared to their APOE3 counterparts. Further, cholesterol dysregulation was associated with persistent activation of microglia and elevation of major histocompatibility complex II-dependent antigen presentation in microglia, subsequently accompanied by T cell infiltration. In addition, TRPV1-mediated transient Ca2+ influx mitigated cholesterol biosynthesis in microglia by suppressing the transcriptional activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2, promoted autophagic activity and reduced lysosomal cholesterol accumulation, which were sufficient to resolve excessive immune response and neurodegeneration in APOE4-related tauopathy mouse model. Moreover, microglia-specific deficiency of TRPV1 gene accelerated glial inflammation, T cell response and associated neurodegeneration in an APOE4-related tauopathy mouse model. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide new perspectives for the treatment of APOE4-dependent neurodegeneration including AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kexin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xudong Sha
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiayuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhihua Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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8
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Wang L, Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang X, Ren X, Bian W, Shi C, Wang J, Li L, Zhang R, Zhang H. Novel Metal-Free Nanozyme for Targeted Imaging and Inhibition of Atherosclerosis via Macrophage Autophagy Activation to Prevent Vulnerable Plaque Formation and Rupture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:51944-51956. [PMID: 39287614 PMCID: PMC11450685 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with the unpredictable rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques enriched with lipid-laden macrophages being able to lead to heart attacks and strokes. Activating macrophage autophagy presents itself as a promising strategy for preventing vulnerable plaque formation and reducing the risk of rupture. In this study, we have developed a novel metal-free nanozyme (HCN@DS) that integrates the functions of multimodal imaging-guided therapy for atherosclerosis. HCN@DS has demonstrated high macrophage-targeting abilities due to its affinity toward scavenger receptor A (SR-A), along with excellent photoacoustic and photothermal imaging capabilities for guiding the precise treatment. It combines mild photothermal effects with moderate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation to treat atherosclerosis. This controlled approach activates autophagy in atherosclerotic macrophages, inhibiting foam cell formation by reducing the uptake of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) and promoting efferocytosis and cholesterol efflux in macrophages. Additionally, it prevents plaque rupture by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation within the plaque. Therefore, this metal-free nanozyme holds great potential for reducing the risk of atherosclerosis due to its high biosafety, excellent targeting ability, dual-modality imaging capability, and appropriate modulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Wang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hongrong Zhang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaozhe Wang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wei Bian
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Caiyun Shi
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Shanxi
Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Liping Li
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Provincial Peoples
Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi
Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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9
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Bao Y, Zhu L, Wang Y, Liu J, Liu Z, Li Z, Zhou A, Wu H. Gualou-Xiebai herb pair and its active ingredients act against atherosclerosis by suppressing VSMC-derived foam cell formation via regulating P2RY12-mediated lipophagy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155341. [PMID: 38518636 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic disease characterized by lipid accumulation in the aortic wall and the formation of foam cells overloaded with large lipids inclusions. Currently, Western medicine is primarily used to improve lipid metabolism disorders and reduce inflammatory reactions to delay AS progression, but these medicines come with serious side effects and drug resistance. Gualou-Xiebai (GLXB) is a renowned herb pair that has been proven effective against AS. However, the potential molecular mechanism through which GLXB exerts the anti-atherosclerotic effects of increasing lipophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aims to explore the role of lipophagy and the therapeutic mechanism of GLXB in AS. METHODS UPLC-Q-TOF-MS for the determination of the main components of GLXB-containing serum. An AS mouse model was established by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) to ApoE-/- mice for 12 weeks. Ultrasonography monitoring was used to confirm the successful establishment of the AS model. Plaque areas and lipid deposition were evaluated using HE staining and aorta imagingafter GLXB treatment. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were utilized to observe the P2RY12 and lipophagy levels in AS mice. VSMCs were stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to induce foam cell formation. The degree of lipophagy and the related molecular mechanisms were assessed after treating the VSMCs with GLXB-containing serum or si-P2RY12 transfection. The active components of GLXB-containing serum that act on P2RY12 were screened and verified by molecular docking and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Seventeen components of GLXB were identified in rat serum by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. GLXB significantly reduced lipid deposition in HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice and ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. GLXB strikingly increased lipophagy levels by downregulating P2RY12, p62, and plin2, upregulating LC3Ⅱ protein expression, and increasing the number of autophagosomes. Notably, the lipophagy inhibitor CQ and the P2RY12 receptor agonist ADPβ abolished the GLXB-induced increase in lipophagy. Last, we confirmed that albiflorin, apigenin, luteolin, kaempferol, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, and hesperetin from GLXB significantly inhibited P2RY12. CONCLUSION GLXB activates lipophagy and inhibits lipid accumulation-associated VSMC-derived foam cell formation through suppressing P2RY12 activation, resulting in anti-atherosclerotic effects. The GLXB components albiflorin, apigenin, luteolin, kaempferol, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, and hesperetin are the potential active effectors against P2RY12.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/drug therapy
- Foam Cells/drug effects
- Foam Cells/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Rats
- Disease Models, Animal
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Aorta/drug effects
- Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Youli Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Zhenglong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - An Zhou
- The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Hongfei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
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10
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Li J, Xie C, Lan J, Tan J, Tan X, Chen N, Wei L, Liang J, Pan R, Zhu T, Pei P, Sun D, Su L, Zhou L. Spicy food consumption reduces the risk of ischaemic stroke: a prospective study. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1777-1785. [PMID: 38287709 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies revealed that consuming spicy food reduced mortality from CVD and lowered stroke risk. However, no studies reported the relationship between spicy food consumption, stroke types and dose–response. This study aimed to further explore the association between the frequency of spicy food intake and the risk of stroke in a large prospective cohort study. In this study, 50 174 participants aged 30–79 years were recruited. Spicy food consumption data were collected via a baseline survey questionnaire. Outcomes were incidence of any stroke, ischaemic stroke (IS) and haemorrhagic stroke (HS). Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models estimated the association between the consumption of spicy food and incident stroke. Restricted cubic spline analysis was used to examine the dose–response relationship. During the median 10·7-year follow-up, 3967 strokes were recorded, including 3494 IS and 516 HS. Compared with those who never/rarely consumed spicy food, those who consumed spicy food monthly, 1–2 d/week and 3–5 d/week had hazard ratio (HR) of 0·914 (95 % CI 0·841, 0·995), 0·869 (95 % CI 0·758, 0·995) and 0·826 (95 % CI 0·714, 0·956) for overall stroke, respectively. For IS, the corresponding HR) were 0·909 (95 % CI 0·832, 0·994), 0·831 (95 % CI 0·718, 0·962) and 0·813 (95 % CI 0·696, 0·951), respectively. This protective effect showed a U-shaped dose–response relationship. For obese participants, consuming spicy food ≥ 3 d/week was negatively associated with the risk of IS. We found the consumption of spicy food was negatively associated with the risk of IS and had a U-shaped dose–response relationship with risk of IS. Individuals who consumed spicy food 3–5 d/week had a significantly lowest risk of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Li
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Changping Xie
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxue Tan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Tan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningyu Chen
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuping Wei
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Liang
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Pan
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingping Zhu
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing100191, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Su
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zhou
- Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, People's Republic of China
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11
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Gao WC, Yang TH, Wang BB, Liu Q, Li Q, Zhou XH, Zheng CB, Chen P. Scutellarin inhibits oleic acid induced vascular smooth muscle foam cell formation via activating autophagy and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2024; 51:e13845. [PMID: 38382550 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Abnormalities in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are pivotal in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Scutellarin (Scu), a flavonoid derived from marigold flowers, exhibits a spectrum of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effects. Notably, Scu has demonstrated the capacity to mitigate vascular endothelial damage and prevent atherosclerosis via its antioxidative properties. Nevertheless, the influence of Scu on the formation of VSMC-derived foam cells remains underexplored. In this study, Scu was evidenced to efficaciously attenuate oleic acid (OA)-induced lipid accumulation and the upregulation of adipose differentiation-associated protein Plin2 in a dose- and time-responsive manner. We elucidated that Scu effectively diminishes OA-provoked VSMC foam cell formation. Further, it was established that Scu pretreatment augments the protein expression of LC3B-II and the mRNA levels of Map1lc3b and Becn1, concurrently diminishing the protein levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome compared to the OA group. Activation of autophagy through rapamycin attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome protein expression, intracellular lipid droplet content and Plin2 mRNA levels. Scu also counteracted the OA-induced decrement of LC3B-II levels in the presence of bafilomycin-a1, facilitating the genesis of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Complementarily, in vivo experiments revealed that Scu administration substantially reduced arterial wall thickness, vessel wall cross-sectional area, wall-to-lumen ratio and serum total cholesterol levels in comparison to the high-fat diet model group. Collectively, our findings suggest that Scu attenuates OA-induced VSMC foam cell formation through the induction of autophagy and the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cong Gao
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
| | - Tie-Hua Yang
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Bin-Bao Wang
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Diseases Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Huan Zhou
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
| | - Chang-Bo Zheng
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, College of Modern biomedical industry, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Vaccine Laboratory, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Kunming Medical University, School of Pharmacy and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Pharmacology, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, College of Modern biomedical industry, Kunming, China
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12
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Yan YF, Feng Y, Wang SM, Fang F, Chen HY, Zhen MX, Ji YQ, Wu SD. Potential actions of capsaicin for preventing vascular calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28021. [PMID: 38524547 PMCID: PMC10958412 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is an accurate risk factor and predictor of adverse cardiovascular events; however, there is currently no effective therapy to specifically prevent VC progression. Capsaicin (Cap) is a bioactive alkaloid isolated from Capsicum annuum L., a traditional medicinal and edible plant that is beneficial for preventing cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of Cap on VC remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects and related mechanisms of Cap on aortic calcification in a mouse and on Pi-induced calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). First, we established a calcification mouse model with vitamin D3 and evaluated the effects of Cap on calcification mice using von Kossa staining, calcium content, and alkaline phosphatase activity tests. The results showed that Cap significantly improved calcification in mice. VSMCs were then cultured in 2.6 mM Na2HPO4 and 50 μg/mL ascorbic acid for 7 days to obtain a calcification model, and we investigated the effects and mechanisms of Cap on VSMCs calcification by assessing the changes of calcium deposition, calcium content, and subsequent VC biomarkers. These results showed that Cap alleviated VSMCs calcification by upregulating the expressions of TRPV1. Moreover, Cap reduced the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin, whereas DKK1 antagonised the inhibitory effect of Cap on VSMC calcification. This study is the first to offer direct evidence that Cap inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by upregulating the expression of the TRPV1 receptor, resulting in the decreased expression of Runx2 and BMP-2, thereby reducing VSMC calcification. Our study may provide novel strategies for preventing the progression of VC. This could serve as a theoretical basis for clinically treating VC with spicy foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Fang Yan
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Si-Min Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fei Fang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong-Yan Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ming-Xia Zhen
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ji
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Song-Di Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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13
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Wu F, Bu S, Wang H. Role of TRP Channels in Metabolism-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:692. [PMID: 38255767 PMCID: PMC10815096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), with its high prevalence and significant impact on cardiovascular disease, poses a substantial threat to human health. The early identification of pathological abnormalities related to MetS and prevention of the risk of associated diseases is of paramount importance. Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels, a type of nonselective cation channel, are expressed in a variety of tissues and have been implicated in the onset and progression of numerous metabolism-related diseases. This study aims to review and discuss the expression and function of TRP channels in metabolism-related tissues and blood vessels, and to elucidate the interactions and mechanisms between TRP channels and metabolism-related diseases. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using keywords such as TRP channels, metabolic syndrome, pancreas, liver, oxidative stress, diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis across various academic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Web of Science, and CNKI. Our review of the current research suggests that TRP channels may be involved in the development of metabolism-related diseases by regulating insulin secretion and release, lipid metabolism, vascular functional activity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. TRP channels, as nonselective cation channels, play pivotal roles in sensing various intra- and extracellular stimuli and regulating ion homeostasis by osmosis. They present potential new targets for the diagnosis or treatment of metabolism-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (F.W.); (S.B.)
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14
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Zhang Y, Xin W, Hu X, Wang H, Ye X, Xu C, Nan Y, Wu Z, Ju D, Fan J. Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling ameliorates foam cell formation by promoting autophagy in early atherosclerosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:740. [PMID: 37963874 PMCID: PMC10646116 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the origin of most foam cells in the early stage of atherosclerotic plaques. However, the mechanism involved in the formation of macrophage-derived foam cell formation remains unclear. Here, we revealed that the hedgehog (Hh) signaling is critical in autophagy-lysosome pathway regulation and macrophage-derived foam cell formation. Inhibition of Hh signaling by vismodegib ameliorated lipid deposition and oxidative stress level in atherosclerotic plaques in high-fat diet-fed apoE-/- mice. For mechanistic study, how the Hh signaling modulate the process of foam cell formation were accessed afterward. Unexpectedly, we found that suppression of Hh signaling in apoE-/- mice had no significant impact on circulating cholesterol levels, indicating that Hh pathway modulate the procession of atherosclerotic plaque not through a traditional lipid-lowing mechanism. Instead, vismodegib was found to accelerate autophagosomes maturation as well as cholesterol efflux in macrophage-derived foam cell and in turn improve foam cell formation, while autophagy inhibitors (LY294002 or CQ) administration significantly attenuated vismodegib-induced cholesterol efflux and reversed the effect on foam cell formation. Therefore, our result demonstrated that inhibition of the Hh signaling pathway increases cholesterol efflux and ameliorates macrophage-derived foam cell formation by promoting autophagy in vitro. Our data thus suggested a novel therapeutic target of atherosclerosis and indicated the potential of vismodegib to treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijuan Xin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Xiaozhi Hu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanqi Wang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomiao Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 170 Xinsong Road, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Caili Xu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyang Nan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyu Wu
- TAU Cambridge Ltd, The Bradfield Centre UNIT 184, Cambridge Science Park, CB4 0GA, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China.
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Cimen I, Natarelli L, Abedi Kichi Z, Henderson JM, Farina FM, Briem E, Aslani M, Megens RTA, Jansen Y, Mann-Fallenbuchel E, Gencer S, Duchêne J, Nazari-Jahantigh M, van der Vorst EPC, Enard W, Döring Y, Schober A, Santovito D, Weber C. Targeting a cell-specific microRNA repressor of CXCR4 ameliorates atherosclerosis in mice. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadf3357. [PMID: 37910599 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf3357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is crucial for vascular integrity. The atheroprotective functions of CXCR4 in vascular cells may be counteracted by atherogenic functions in other nonvascular cell types. Thus, strategies for cell-specifically augmenting CXCR4 function in vascular cells are crucial if this receptor is to be useful as a therapeutic target in treating atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders. Here, we identified miR-206-3p as a vascular-specific CXCR4 repressor and exploited a target-site blocker (CXCR4-TSB) that disrupted the interaction of miR-206-3p with CXCR4 in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, CXCR4-TSB enhanced CXCR4 expression in human and murine ECs and VSMCs to modulate cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Systemic administration of CXCR4-TSB in Apoe-deficient mice enhanced Cxcr4 expression in ECs and VSMCs in the walls of blood vessels, reduced vascular permeability and monocyte adhesion to endothelium, and attenuated the development of diet-induced atherosclerosis. CXCR4-TSB also increased CXCR4 expression in B cells, corroborating its atheroprotective role in this cell type. Analyses of human atherosclerotic plaque specimens revealed a decrease in CXCR4 and an increase in miR-206-3p expression in advanced compared with early lesions, supporting a role for the miR-206-3p-CXCR4 interaction in human disease. Disrupting the miR-206-3p-CXCR4 interaction in a cell-specific manner with target-site blockers is a potential therapeutic approach that could be used to treat atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Cimen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Lucia Natarelli
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Zahra Abedi Kichi
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - James M Henderson
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Floriana M Farina
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Briem
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Maria Aslani
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Remco T A Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Jansen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Mann-Fallenbuchel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Gencer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Duchêne
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Maliheh Nazari-Jahantigh
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Enard
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Schober
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), Unit of Milan, National Research Council (CNR), 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 HX Maastricht, Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81337 Munich, Germany
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16
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Jesus RLC, Araujo FA, Alves QL, Dourado KC, Silva DF. Targeting temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in hypertension: far beyond the perception of hot and cold. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1351-1370. [PMID: 37334542 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are nonselective cation channels and participate in various physiological roles. Thus, changes in TRP channel function or expression have been linked to several disorders. Among the many TRP channel subtypes, the TRP ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1), TRP melastatin type 8 (TRPM8), and TRP vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels are temperature-sensitive and recognized as thermo-TRPs, which are expressed in the primary afferent nerve. Thermal stimuli are converted into neuronal activity. Several studies have described the expression of TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV1 in the cardiovascular system, where these channels can modulate physiological and pathological conditions, including hypertension. This review provides a complete understanding of the functional role of the opposing thermo-receptors TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1 in hypertension and a more comprehensive appreciation of TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1-dependent mechanisms involved in hypertension. These channels varied activation and inactivation have revealed a signaling pathway that may lead to innovative future treatment options for hypertension and correlated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Leonne C Jesus
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Fênix A Araujo
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Quiara L Alves
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Keina C Dourado
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Darizy F Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Bahia, Brazil
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17
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Kang H. Regulation of Acetylation States by Nutrients in the Inhibition of Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119338. [PMID: 37298289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic metabolic disorder and primary cause of cardiovascular diseases, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Initiated by endothelial cell stimulation, AS is characterized by arterial inflammation, lipid deposition, foam cell formation, and plaque development. Nutrients such as carotenoids, polyphenols, and vitamins can prevent the atherosclerotic process by modulating inflammation and metabolic disorders through the regulation of gene acetylation states mediated with histone deacetylases (HDACs). Nutrients can regulate AS-related epigenetic states via sirtuins (SIRTs) activation, specifically SIRT1 and SIRT3. Nutrient-driven alterations in the redox state and gene modulation in AS progression are linked to their protein deacetylating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Nutrients can also inhibit advanced oxidation protein product formation, reducing arterial intima-media thickness epigenetically. Nonetheless, knowledge gaps remain when it comes to understanding effective AS prevention through epigenetic regulation by nutrients. This work reviews and confirms the underlying mechanisms by which nutrients prevent arterial inflammation and AS, focusing on the epigenetic pathways that modify histones and non-histone proteins by regulating redox and acetylation states through HDACs such as SIRTs. These findings may serve as a foundation for developing potential therapeutic agents to prevent AS and cardiovascular diseases by employing nutrients based on epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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18
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Oh SJ, Lim JY, Son MK, Ahn JH, Song KH, Lee HJ, Kim S, Cho EH, Chung JY, Cho H, Kim H, Kim JH, Park J, Choi J, Hwang SW, Kim TW. TRPV1 inhibition overcomes cisplatin resistance by blocking autophagy-mediated hyperactivation of EGFR signaling pathway. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2691. [PMID: 37165076 PMCID: PMC10172196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin resistance along with chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain is an important cause of treatment failure for many cancer types and represents an unmet clinical need. Therefore, future studies should provide evidence regarding the mechanisms of potential targets that can overcome the resistance as well as alleviate pain. Here, we show that the emergence of cisplatin resistance is highly associated with EGFR hyperactivation, and that EGFR hyperactivation is arisen by a transcriptional increase in the pain-generating channel, TRPV1, via NANOG. Furthermore, TRPV1 promotes autophagy-mediated EGF secretion via Ca2+ influx, which activates the EGFR-AKT signaling and, consequentially, the acquisition of cisplatin resistance. Importantly, TRPV1 inhibition renders tumors susceptible to cisplatin. Thus, our findings indicate a link among cisplatin resistance, EGFR hyperactivation, and TRPV1-mediated autophagic secretion, and implicate that TRPV1 could be a crucial drug target that could not only overcome cisplatin resistance but also alleviate pain in NANOG+ cisplatin-resistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jin Oh
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyu Son
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyeok Ahn
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Ho Song
- Department of Cell biology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Kim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ho Cho
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Chung
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hanbyoul Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyoung Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Hwang
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- NEX-I Inc., Seoul, 05854, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Li Q, Chang M, Lai R, Zhang H, Song L, Wang X, Guan B, Zhang J, Zhao L, Chen K, Wang A, Xu H. Potential benefits of spicy food consumption on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes: A cohort study of the China Kadoorie Biobank. Nutrition 2023; 112:112062. [PMID: 37236043 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary capsaicin from spicy foods has potential benefits for those with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). However, there is no evidence linking spicy food consumption with cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore the association between spicy food consumption and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in individuals with diabetes from the CKB (China Kadoorie Biobank) study and to provide evidence-based dietary recommendations for those with CMDs. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 26 163 patients with diabetes without coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer from the CKB study. Of the 26 163 patients enrolled, 17 326 never or rarely ate spicy food (non-spicy group), and 8837 ate spicy food ≥1 d/wk (spicy group). The primary outcomes were MACEs, including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and stroke. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of MACEs and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.5 y, MACEs occurred in 5465 participants (20.9%), with 3820 (22%) and 1645 (18.6%) cases occurring in the non-spicy and spicy groups, respectively. Spicy food consumption was independently associated with a decreased tendency for MACEs, with an adjusted HR of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.89-1.00; P = 0.041). Subgroup analysis showed consistency in the results that the regular spicy eating groups were associated with significantly lower incidence of MACEs than the non-spicy group. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of MACEs among the three different spicy eating frequency groups. CONCLUSION This cohort study revealed that the consumption of spicy food was independently associated with a reduced incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in Chinese adults with diabetes, suggesting a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health. Further studies are needed to confirm the association between the consumption of different doses of spicy food and cardiovascular outcomes and the exact mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meiying Chang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Runmin Lai
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - He Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luxia Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyi Guan
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keji Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anlu Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Intensive care unit, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hao Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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20
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Thornton T, Mills D, Bliss E. Capsaicin: A Potential Treatment to Improve Cerebrovascular Function and Cognition in Obesity and Ageing. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061537. [PMID: 36986266 PMCID: PMC10057869 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired cognition is the primary symptom of dementia, which can lead to functional disability and reduced quality of life among an increasingly ageing population. Ageing is associated with increased oxidative stress, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, which reduces cerebrovascular function leading to cognitive decline. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammatory conditions, such as obesity, exacerbate this decline beyond normal ageing and predispose individuals to neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia. Capsaicin, the major pungent molecule of chilli, has recently demonstrated improvements in cognition in animal models via activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 1 (TRPV1). Capsaicin-induced TRPV1 activation reduces adiposity, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, as well as improves endothelial function, all of which are associated with cerebrovascular function and cognition. This review examines the current literature on capsaicin and Capsimax, a capsaicin supplement associated with reduced gastrointestinal irritation compared to capsaicin. Acute and chronic capsaicin treatment can improve cognition in animals. However, studies adequately assessing the effects of capsaicin on cerebrovascular function, and cognition in humans do not exist. Capsimax may be a potentially safe therapeutic intervention for future clinical trials testing the effects of capsaicin on cerebrovascular function and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Thornton
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
| | - Dean Mills
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Edward Bliss
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
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21
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Qin X, He W, Yang R, Liu L, Zhang Y, Li L, Si J, Li X, Ma K. Inhibition of Connexin 43 reverses ox-LDL-mediated inhibition of autophagy in VSMC by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12969. [PMID: 35313522 PMCID: PMC8934045 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) may induce foam cell formation from the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) by inhibiting VSMC autophagy. This process accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis (AS). Connexin 43 (Cx43), which is the most widely distributed connexin in VSMC is associated with autophagy. However, the mechanism of action and the involvement of Cx43 in ox-LDL-inhibited VSMC autophagy remain unclear. Methods The primary VSMC were obtained and identified, before primary VSMC were pretreated with an inhibitor (Cx43-specific inhibitor Gap26 and PI3K inhibitor LY294002) and stimulated with ox-LDL. Results Ox-LDL not only inhibited autophagy in VSMC via downregulation of autophagy-related proteins (such as Beclin 1, LC3B, p62), but also increased Cx43 protein levels. Then we added Gap26 to VSMC in the ox-LDL+Gap26 group, in which autophagy-related proteins were increased and the accumulation of lipid droplets was reduced. These result suggested that an enhanced level of autophagy and an alleviation of lipid accumulation might be caused by inhibiting Cx43 in VSMC. The phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, mTOR were increased by ox-LDL, thus down-regulating autophagy-related proteins. However, this situation was partially reversed by the Gap26. Moreover, Cx43 expression were decreased by LY294002 in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. Conclusion Inhibiting Cx43 may activate VSMC autophagy to inhibit foam cell formation by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Qin
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenjun He
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Luqian Liu
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Li Li
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junqiang Si
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ketao Ma
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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22
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Wang C, Huang W, Lu J, Chen H, Yu Z. TRPV1-Mediated Microglial Autophagy Attenuates Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Pathology and Cognitive Decline. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:763866. [PMID: 35115924 PMCID: PMC8804218 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.763866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a major regulator of the ageing process of the central nervous system and neurodegeneration. Autophagy dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). TRPV1 was reported to regulate autophagy to protect against foam cell formation and reduce the release of inflammatory factors in atherosclerosis. In this study, pharmacological activation of TRPV1 with the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin induced autophagy in a TRPV1-dependent manner in both primary microglia and BV2 cells. TRPV1-mediated autophagy regulated glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation by controlling the expression of genes required for aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in primary microglia. TRPV1 agonist capsaicin decreased amyloid and phosphorylated tau pathology and reversed memory deficits by promoting microglia activation, metabolism, and autophagy in 3xTg mice. These results indicate that TRPV1 was a potential therapeutic target for AD, which suggests that capsaicin should be further assessed as a possible treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihua Yu, ; Hongzhuan Chen,
| | - Zhihua Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihua Yu, ; Hongzhuan Chen,
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23
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Meng LB, Zhang YM, Luo Y, Gong T, Liu DP. Chronic Stress A Potential Suspect Zero of Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:738654. [PMID: 34988123 PMCID: PMC8720856 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.738654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease, in which the lipid accumulation in the intima of the arteries shows yellow atheromatous appearance, which is the pathological basis of many diseases, such as coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. In recent years, it has become the main cause of death in the global aging society, which seriously endangers human health. As a result, research on AS is increasing. Lesions of atherosclerosis contain macrophages, T cells and other cells of the immune response, together with cholesterol that infiltrates from the blood. Recent studies have shown that chronic stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of AS. From the etiology of disease, social, environmental and genetic factors jointly determine the occurrence of disease. Atherosclerotic cardio-cerebrovascular disease (ASCVD) is often caused by chronic stress (CS). If it cannot be effectively prevented, there will be biological changes in the body environment successively, and then the morphological changes of the corresponding organs. If the patient has a genetic predisposition and a combination of environmental factors triggers the pathogenesis, then chronic stress can eventually lead to AS. Therefore, this paper discusses the influence of chronic stress on AS in the aspects of inflammation, lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, hemodynamics and blood pressure, plaque stability, autophagy, ferroptosis, and cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Bing Meng
- Department of Cardiology, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Meng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Medical Centre of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, The Training Site for Postgraduate of Jinzhou Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Neurology, National Center of Gerontology, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - De-Ping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Li Y, Zhao X, He B, Wu W, Zhang H, Yang X, Cheng W. Autophagy Activation by Hypoxia Regulates Angiogenesis and Apoptosis in Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Preeclampsia. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:709751. [PMID: 34568425 PMCID: PMC8458810 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.709751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Autophagy influences a wide range of physiological and pathological processes in the human body. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE); autophagy activation by hypoxia could rescue impaired angiogenesis and apoptosis in preeclampsia, leading by ox-LDL. Methods: Transmission electron microscopy was applied to identify autolysosomes in trophoblast cells of the placenta apical region. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, flow cytometry, and wound-healing assays were adopted to determine autophagy activity, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in placenta tissues or HTR8/SVneo cells. Results: Autophagy activity was inhibited in the placenta of women who experienced EOPE; autophagy activation by hypoxia enhanced the migration ability, rescued ox-LDL–mediated impaired angiogenesis in HTR8/SVneo cells [vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) downregulation and FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (FLT1) upregulation], and protected against cell apoptosis (BAX downregulation). Conclusion: Autophagy could maintain the function of trophoblast cells by differentially regulating the expression of VEGFA and FLT1 and protecting against cell apoptosis at the maternal–fetal interface, potentially related to prevention of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueya Zhao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Biwei He
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibin Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shagnhai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Yang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shagnhai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Cheng
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shagnhai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
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25
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Wang S, Jia C. TRPV1 inhibits smooth muscle cell phenotype switching in a mouse model of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Channels (Austin) 2021; 14:59-68. [PMID: 32079471 PMCID: PMC7039625 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2020.1730020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural outcome of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is that of slow progression and ultimate rupture, then a life-threatening hemorrhage consequently. Ruptured AAA is a dramatic catastrophe and constitutes one of the leading causes of acute death in elderly men. However, the mechanism of AAA is still unclear. Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) family has protective effects in cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we revealed the expression and the pathogenesis of TRPV1 in a mouse AAA model. The results presented here identify TRPV1 could be a potential therapeutic target for AAA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenhong Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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26
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Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) is a nonselective cation channel, that is mainly distributed in sensory nerve endings and can release a variety of neurotransmitters after activation. Early studies showed that it mainly conducts pain sensation, but research has demonstrated that it also plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. Notably, in atherosclerosis, the activation of TRPV1 can regulate lipid metabolism, reduce foam cell formation, protect endothelial cells, inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and inhibit inflammation and oxidation. In this review, the role of the TRPV1 channel in atherosclerosis was discussed to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifang Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinggang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Sowka A, Dobrzyn P. Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Derived Adiponectin in Vascular Homeostasis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061485. [PMID: 34204799 PMCID: PMC8231548 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of adipose tissue biology have demonstrated that adipose tissue should be considered as both passive, energy-storing tissue and an endocrine organ because of the secretion of adipose-specific factors, called adipokines. Adiponectin is a well-described homeostatic adipokine with metabolic properties. It regulates whole-body energy status through the induction of fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake. Adiponectin also has anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties, making it an interesting subject of biomedical studies. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a fat depot that is conterminous to the vascular wall and acts on it in a paracrine manner through adipokine secretion. PVAT-derived adiponectin can act on the vascular wall through endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. The present review describes adiponectin's structure, receptors, and main signaling pathways. We further discuss recent studies of the extent and nature of crosstalk between PVAT-derived adiponectin and endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, we argue whether adiponectin and its receptors may be considered putative therapeutic targets.
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28
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Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits the phenotypic transformation, migration, and foaming of oxidized low-density lipoprotein-treated vascular smooth muscle cells by promoting autophagy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:308-318. [PMID: 34091481 PMCID: PMC8340951 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are becoming a hot spot and target of atherosclerosis research. This study aimed to observe the specific effects of curcumin (CUR)-mediated photodynamic therapy (CUR-PDT) on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated VSMCs and confirm whether these effects are mediated by autophagy. In this study, the mouse aortic smooth muscle cell line and A7r5 cell lines were used for parallel experiments. VSMC viability was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. VSMCs were treated with ox-LDL to establish a model of atherosclerosis in vitro. The autophagy level and the expression of proteins related to phenotypic transformation were detected by western blotting. The migration ability of the cells was detected by using transwell assay. The presence of intracellular lipid droplets was detected by Oil Red O staining. The results showed that VSMCs transformed from the contraction phenotype to the synthetic phenotype when stimulated by ox-LDL, during which autophagy was inhibited. However, CUR-PDT treatment significantly promoted the level of autophagy and inhibited the process of phenotypic transformation induced by ox-LDL. In addition, ox-LDL significantly promoted VSMC migration and increased the number of lipid droplets, whereas CUR-PDT treatment significantly reduced the ox-LDL-induced increase in the migration ability of, and lipid droplet numbers in, VSMCs. When the VSMCs were pretreated with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine for 24 hours, the effects of CUR-PDT were reversed. Therefore, our study indicated that CUR-PDT can inhibit the phenotypic transformation, migration, and foaming of ox-LDL–treated VSMCs by inducing autophagy.
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Wu H, Feng K, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang J, Hua Y, Dong Z, Zhu Y, Yang S, Ma C. Metformin attenuates atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability by upregulating KLF2-mediated autophagy in apoE -/- mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 557:334-341. [PMID: 33915432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic lipid disfunction and inflammatory disease, which is characterized with enriched foam cells and necrotic core underneath the vascular endothelium. Therefore, the inhibition of foam cell formation is a critical step for atherosclerosis treatment. Metformin, a first-line treatment for Type 2 diabetes, is reported to be beneficial to cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism underlying the antiatherogenic effect of metformin remains unclear. Macrophage autophagy is reported to be a highly anti-atherogenic process that promotes the catabolism of cytosolic lipid to maintain cellular lipid homeostasis. Notably, dysfunctional autophagy in macrophages plays a detrimental role during atherogenesis. Krueppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is an important transcription factor that functions as a key regulator of the autophagy-lysosome pathway. While the role of KLF2 in foam cell formation during the atherogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we first investigated whether metformin could protect against atherogenesis via enhancing autophagy in high fat diet (HFD)-induced apoE-/- mice. Subsequently, we further determined the molecular mechanism that whether metformin could inhibit foam cell formation by activating KLF2-mediated autophagy. We show that metformin protected against HFD-induced atherosclerosis and enhanced plaque stability in apoE-/- mice. Metformin inhibits foam cell formation and cellular apoptosis partially through enhancing autophagy. Mechanistically, metformin promotes autophagy via modulating KLF2 expression. Taken together, our study demonstrates a novel antiatherogenic mechanism of metformin by upregulating KLF2-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University & The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunqing Hua
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengwei Dong
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University & The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University & The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chuanrui Ma
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Farkhondeh T, Ashrafizadeh M, Talebi M, Samargahndian S. Curcumin and cardiovascular diseases: Focus on cellular targets and cascades. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111214. [PMID: 33450488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of the most considerable mortality globally, and it has been tried to find the molecular mechanisms and design new drugs that triggered the molecular target. Curcumin is the main ingredient of Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has been used in traditional medicine for treating several diseases for years. Numerous investigations have indicated the beneficial effect of Curcumin in modulating multiple signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and proliferation. The cardiovascular protective effects of Curcumin against CVDs have been indicated in several studies. In the current review study, we provided novel information on Curcumin's protective effects against various CVDs and potential molecular signaling targets of Curcumin. Nonetheless, more studies should be performed to discover the exact molecular target of Curcumin against CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19968 35115, Iran
| | - Saeed Samargahndian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Targeting TRPV1-mediated autophagy attenuates nitrogen mustard-induced dermal toxicity. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:29. [PMID: 33487631 PMCID: PMC7829253 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen mustard (NM) causes severe vesicating skin injury, which lacks effective targeted therapies. The major limitation is that the specific mechanism of NM-induced skin injury is not well understood. Recently, autophagy has been found to play important roles in physical and chemical exposure-caused cutaneous injuries. However, whether autophagy contributes to NM-induced dermal toxicity is unclear. Herein, we initially confirmed that NM dose-dependently caused cell death and induced autophagy in keratinocytes. Suppression of autophagy by 3-methyladenine, chloroquine, and bafilomycin A1 or ATG5 siRNA attenuated NM-induced keratinocyte cell death. Furthermore, NM increased transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression, intracellular Ca2+ content, and the activities of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). NM-induced autophagy in keratinocytes was abolished by treatment with inhibitors of TRPV1 (capsazepine), CaMKKβ (STO-609), AMPK (compound C), and ULK1 (SBI-0206965) as well as TRPV1, CaMKKβ, and AMPK siRNA transfection. In addition, an mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) had no significant effect on NM-stimulated autophagy or cell death of keratinocytes. Finally, the results of the in vivo experiment in NM-treated skin tissues were consistent with the findings of the in vitro experiment. In conclusion, NM-caused dermal toxicity by overactivating autophagy partially through the activation of TRPV1-Ca2+-CaMKKβ-AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway. These results suggest that blocking TRPV1-dependent autophagy could be a potential treatment strategy for NM-caused cutaneous injury.
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Zhang S, Li L, Chen W, Xu S, Feng X, Zhang L. Natural products: The role and mechanism in low-density lipoprotein oxidation and atherosclerosis. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2945-2967. [PMID: 33368763 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory, metabolic, and epigenetic disease, which leads to the life-threatening coronary artery disease. Emerging studies from bench to bedside have demonstrated the pivotal role of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. This article hereby reviews oxidation mechanism of LDL, and the pro-atherogenic and biomarker role of oxidized LDL in atherosclerosis. We also review the pharmacological effects of several representative natural products (vitamin E, resveratrol, quercetin, probucol, tanshinone IIA, epigallocatechin gallate, and Lycopene) in protecting against LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis. Clinical and basic research supports the beneficial effects of these natural products in inhibiting LDL oxidation and preventing atherosclerosis, but the data are still controversial. This may be related to factors such as the population and the dosage and time of taking natural products involved in different studies. Understanding the mechanism of LDL oxidation and effect of oxidized LDL help researchers to find novel therapies against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenxu Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaojun Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Wang S, Tian X, Liu D, Zhang X, Yan C, Han Y. TRPV5 attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm in mice by regulating KLF4-dependent phenotype switch of aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 698:108724. [PMID: 33309615 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a fatal vascular disease with insidious symptoms. However, the mechanism behind its development remains unclear. The transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) family has crucial protective effects against cardiovascular diseases, but the role of TRPV5 in AAA has yet to be reported. In this study, ApoE-/- mice were intraperitoneally injected with AAV-GFP or AAV-TRPV5. After 30 days, mice were further administered with angiotensin II (Ang II, 1.44 mg/kg/day) by using osmotic pumps to induce the AAA model or Saline for 28 days, (i.e., Saline + AAV-GFP, Saline + AAV-TRPV5, Ang II + AAV-GFP and Ang II + AAV-TRPV5 groups were established). Compared with the control group, the incidence of AAA and the maximal diameter of the abdominal aorta markedly decreased in Ang II + AAV-TRPV5, which was detected by vascular ultrasound at 28 day. Meanwhile, less collagen and elastin degradation were observed in the Ang II + AAV-TRPV5 group by using Masson and Elastin stains. Moreover, more α-SMA and less MMP2 was observed in the abdominal aortas collected at 28 day by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, primary mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated with Ang II (1 μM) to induce phenotype switch. Sh-TRPV5 and AdTRPV5 were used to transfect VSMCs. PCR and Western blotting were used to access the expression of contractile marker, including α-SMA and SM-22α. The results showed that the mRNA and protein level of α-SMA and SM-22α were decreased under the stimulation of Ang II, but could be attenuated by TRPV5 overexpression. The cell scratch assay demonstrated that the migration ability of VSMCs was increased in Ang II treated group and could be ameliorated by TRPV5 overexpression. Above all, VSMCs transformed from the contractile into secretory phenotype under Ang II stimuli, but could be rescued by TRPV5 overexpression. Furthermore, TRPV5 overexpression suppressed the increased expression of KLF4 induced by Ang II treatment in VSMCs. The data demonstrated that TRPV5 could inhibit AAA formation and play a critical role in the VSMC phenotype switch by downregulating KLF4, suggesting TRPV5 as a new strategy for treating AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tian
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghui Yan
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaling Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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Lipophagy in atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:208-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gao N, Yang F, Chen S, Wan H, Zhao X, Dong H. The role of TRPV1 ion channels in the suppression of gastric cancer development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:206. [PMID: 33008449 PMCID: PMC7531167 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01707-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Although the aberrant expression and function of most Ca2+-permeable channels are known to promote gastrointestinal tumors, the association between transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) channels and gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been explored. Herein, we sought to determine the role of TRPV1 channels in the development of GC and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved therein. Methods Immunohistochemistry, qPCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of TRPV1 in GC cells and tissues, and the clinical significance of TRPV1 in GC was also studied by clinicopathologic analysis. CCK8, colony formation, flow cytometry assays were used to detect the proliferation and survival of GC cells, while transwell assay was used to detect migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro. Tumor xenograft and peritoneal dissemination assays in nude mice were used to examine the role of TRPV1 in GC development in vivo. Results TRPV1 expression was significantly downregulated in human primary GC tissues compared to their adjacent tissues. The decreased expression of TRPV1 proteins in GC tissues was positively correlated with tumor size, histological grade, lymphatic metastasis, clinical stage, and was strongly correlated with poor prognosis of GC patients. Moreover, the expression of TRPV1 was closely correlated with Ki67, VEGFR, and E-cadherin, all of which are the well-known cancer markers for proliferation and metastasis. TRPV1 proteins were predominately expressed on the plasma membrane in several GC cell lines. TRPV1 overexpression blocked cell cycle at G1 phase to inhibit GC cell proliferation and attenuated migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro, but TRPV1 knockdown increased these parameters. TRPV1 significantly reduced gastric tumor size, number and peritoneal dissemination in vivo. Mechanistically, TRPV1 overexpression in GC cells increased [Ca2+]i, activated CaMKKβ and AMPK phosphorylation, and decreased expression of cyclin D1 and MMP2, while TRPV1 knockdown induced the opposite effects. Conclusions TRPV1 uniquely suppresses GC development through a novel Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway and its downregulation is correlated with poor survival of human GC patients. Thus, TRPV1 upregulation and its downstream signaling may represent a promising target for GC prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Hanxing Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China. .,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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Capsaicin-Sensitive Sensory Nerves and the TRPV1 Ion Channel in Cardiac Physiology and Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124472. [PMID: 32586044 PMCID: PMC7352834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, ischemic heart diseases such as acute myocardial infarction and postischemic heart failure, heart failure of other etiologies, and cardiac arrhythmias, belong to the leading causes of death. Activation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves by the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) capsaicin receptor and other receptors, as well as neuropeptide mediators released from them upon stimulation, play important physiological regulatory roles. Capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves also contribute to the development and progression of some cardiac diseases, as well as to mechanisms of endogenous stress adaptation leading to cardioprotection. In this review, we summarize the role of capsaicin-sensitive afferents and the TRPV1 ion channel in physiological and pathophysiological functions of the heart based mainly on experimental results and show their diagnostic or therapeutic potentials. Although the actions of several other channels or receptors expressed on cardiac sensory afferents and the effects of TRPV1 channel activation on different non-neural cell types in the heart are not precisely known, most data suggest that stimulation of the TRPV1-expressing sensory nerves or stimulation/overexpression of TRPV1 channels have beneficial effects in cardiac diseases.
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Piscitelli F, Silvestri C. Role of the Endocannabinoidome in Human and Mouse Atherosclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3147-3164. [PMID: 31448709 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190826162735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Endocannabinoid (eCB) system and its role in many physiological and pathological conditions is well described and accepted, and includes cardiovascular disorders. However, the eCB system has been expanded to an "-ome"; the endocannabinoidome (eCBome) that includes endocannabinoid-related mediators, their protein targets and metabolic enzymes, many of which significantly impact upon cardiometabolic health. These recent discoveries are here summarized with a special focus on their potential involvement in atherosclerosis. We described the role of classical components of the eCB system (eCBs, CB1 and CB2 receptors) and eCB-related lipids, their regulatory enzymes and molecular targets in atherosclerosis. Furthermore, since increasing evidence points to significant cross-talk between the eCBome and the gut microbiome and the gut microbiome and atherosclerosis, we explore the possibility that a gut microbiome - eCBome axis has potential implications in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Piscitelli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Council of Research, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Cristoforo Silvestri
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Wang Y, Zhang CX, Ge SL, Gong WH. CTBP1‑AS2 inhibits proliferation and induces autophagy in ox‑LDL‑stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating miR‑195‑5p/ATG14. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:839-848. [PMID: 32626936 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic progressive disease caused by injury and functional changes in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pivotal regulators in AS development. The present study aimed to explore the roles and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA CTBP1‑AS2 in AS progression. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR‑195‑5p is a downstream target miRNA of lncRNA CTBP1‑AS2 and miR‑195‑5p was increased in AS. The expression levels of miR‑195‑5p and CTBP1‑AS2 in the serums of patients with AS and human aorta vascular smooth muscle cells was increased or decreased, respectively, following treatment with oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (ox‑LDL). Functional experiments showed that the overexpression of lncRNA CTBP1‑AS2 inhibited the proliferation of HA‑VSMCs and promoted their autophagy following ox‑LDL treatment. This effect could be reversed by treatment with ROC‑325, the inhibitor of autophagy, or miR‑195‑5p mimics. Autophagy related 14 (ATG14) was identified to be a target of miR‑195‑5p, and lncRNA CTBP1‑AS2 promoted ATG14 expression by serving as a competing endogenous RNA of miR‑195‑5p. The present study revealed that lncRNA CTBP1‑AS2 may serve a role in AS by inhibiting the proliferation and promoting the autophagy of VSMCs through ATG14 modulation via miR‑195‑5p. These data may provide a novel therapeutic target for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Lin Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hui Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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Wei J, Lin J, Zhang J, Tang D, Xiang F, Cui L, Zhang Q, Yuan H, Song H, Lv Y, Jia J, Zhang D, Huang Y. TRPV1 activation mitigates hypoxic injury in mouse cardiomyocytes by inducing autophagy through the AMPK signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1018-C1029. [PMID: 32293932 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00161.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved self-protection mechanism that plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiomyocyte hypoxic injury promotes oxidative stress and pathological alterations in the heart, although the interplay between these effects remains elusive. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel is a nonselective cation channel that is activated in response to a variety of exogenous and endogenous physical and chemical stimuli. Here, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of action of TRPV1 on autophagy in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. In this study, primary cardiomyocytes isolated from C57 mice were subjected to hypoxic stress, and their expression of TRPV1 and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was regulated. The autophagy flux was assessed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining, and the cell viability was determined through Cell counting kit-8 assay and Lactate dehydrogenase assays. In addition, the calcium influx after the upregulation of TRPV1 expression in cardiomyocytes was examined. The results showed that the number of autophagosomes in cardiomyocytes was higher under hypoxic stress and that the blockade of autophagy flux aggravated hypoxic damage to cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the expression of TRPV1 was induced under hypoxic stress, and its upregulation by capsaicin improved the autophagy flux and protected cardiomyocytes from hypoxic damage, whereas the silencing of TRPV1 significantly attenuated autophagy. Our observations also revealed that AMPK signaling was activated and involved in TRPV1-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes under hypoxic stress. Overall, this study demonstrates that TRPV1 activation mitigates hypoxic injury in cardiomyocytes by improving autophagy flux through the AMPK signaling pathway and highlights TRPV1 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of hypoxic cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Dermatology, the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Jiezhi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Military Burn Center, the 963th (224th) Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Jiamusi, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Di Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hongping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Huapei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiezhi Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuesheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Pi S, Mao L, Chen J, Shi H, Liu Y, Guo X, Li Y, Zhou L, He H, Yu C, Liu J, Dang Y, Xia Y, He Q, Jin H, Li Y, Hu Y, Miao Y, Yue Z, Hu B. The P2RY12 receptor promotes VSMC-derived foam cell formation by inhibiting autophagy in advanced atherosclerosis. Autophagy 2020; 17:980-1000. [PMID: 32160082 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1741202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are an important source of foam cells in atherosclerosis. The mechanism for VSMC-derived foam cell formation is, however, poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the P2RY12/P2Y12 receptor is important in regulating macroautophagy/autophagy and VSMC-derived foam cell formation in advanced atherosclerosis. Inhibition of the P2RY12 receptor ameliorated lipid accumulation and VSMC-derived foam cell formation in high-fat diet-fed apoe-/- mice (atherosclerosis model) independent of LDL-c levels. Activation of the P2RY12 receptor blocked cholesterol efflux via PI3K-AKT, while genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the P2RY12 receptor inhibited this effect in VSMCs. Phosphoproteomic analysis showed that the P2RY12 receptor regulated the autophagy pathway in VSMCs. Additionally, activation of the P2RY12 receptor inhibited MAP1LC3/LC3 maturation, SQSTM1 degradation, and autophagosome formation in VSMCs. Genetic knockdown of the essential autophagy gene Atg5 significantly attenuated P2RY12 receptor inhibitor-induced cholesterol efflux in VSMCs. Furthermore, activation of the P2RY12 receptor led to the activation of MTOR through PI3K-AKT in VSMCs, whereas blocking MTOR activity (rapamycin) or reducing MTOR expression reversed the inhibition of cholesterol efflux mediated by the P2RY12 receptor in VSMCs. In vivo, inhibition of the P2RY12 receptor promoted autophagy of VSMCs through PI3K-AKT-MTOR in advanced atherosclerosis in apoe-/- mice, which could be impeded by an autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine). Therefore, we conclude that activation of the P2RY12 receptor decreases cholesterol efflux and promotes VSMC-derived foam cell formation by blocking autophagy in advanced atherosclerosis. Our study thus suggests that the P2RY12 receptor is a therapeutic target for treating atherosclerosis.Abbreviations: 2-MeSAMP: 2-methylthioadenosine 5'-monophosphate; 8-CPT-cAMP: 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-adenosine-3',5'-cyclic-monophosphate; ABCA1: ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1; ABCG1: ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1; ACTB: actin beta; ADPβs: adenosine 5'-(alpha, beta-methylene) diphosphate; ALs: autolysosomes; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; APOA1: apolipoprotein A1; APs: autophagosomes; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATV: atorvastatin; AVs: autophagic vacuoles; CD: chow diet; CDL: clopidogrel; CQ: chloroquine; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; dbcAMP: dibutyryl-cAMP; DIL-oxLDL: dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylin docarbocyanine-oxLDL; EIF4EBP1/4E-BP1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1; EVG: elastic van gieson; HE: hematoxylin-eosin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HFD: high-fat diet; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDs: lipid droplets; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; Masson: masson trichrome; MCPT: maximal carotid plaque thickness; MK2206: MK-2206 2HCL; NBD-cholesterol: 22-(N-[7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl] amino)-23,24-bisnor-5-cholen-3β-ol; OLR1/LOX-1: oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1; ORO: oil Red O; ox-LDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TIC: ticagrelor; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VSMCs: vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulan Pi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiefang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanqing Shi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiping Dang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quanwei He
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiliang Miao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhang YY, Shi YN, Zhu N, Wang W, Deng CF, Xie XJ, Liao DF, Qin L. Autophagy: a killer or guardian of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Drug Target 2020; 28:449-455. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1705312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ya-Ning Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-Feng Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Xie
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Li Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Zhang RJ, Yin YF, Xie XJ, Gu HF. Acid-sensing ion channels: Linking extracellular acidification with atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 502:183-190. [PMID: 31901478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular acidification in atherosclerosis-prone regions of arterial walls is considered pro-atherosclerotic by exerting detrimental effect on macrophages, endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), a family of extracellular H+ (proton)-gated cation channels, are present extensively in the nervous system and other tissues, implying physiologic as well as pathophysiologic importance. Aberrant activation of ASICs is thought to be associated in EC dysfunction, macrophage phenotypic switch, and VSMC migration and proliferation. Although in vitro evidence acknowledges the contribution of ASIC activation in atherosclerosis, no direct evidence confirms their pro-atherosclerotic roles in vivo. In this review, the effect of extracellular acidity on three major contributors, ECs, macrophages, and VSMCs, is discussed focusing on the potential roles of ASICs in atherosclerotic development and underlying pathology. A more comprehensive understanding of ASICs in these processes may provide promising new therapeutic targets for treatment and prevention of atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Institute of Neuroscience, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Fang Yin
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Springfield, Illinois, United States
| | - Xue-Jiao Xie
- Department of Zhongjing' Theory, College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Feng Gu
- Department of Physiology & Institute of Neuroscience, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China.
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Dai R, Dong J, Li W, Zhou Y, Zhou W, Zhou W, Chen M. Antibody to oxidized low-density lipoprotein inhibits THP1 cells from apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB pathway activation. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2019; 9:355-361. [PMID: 31555540 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2019.08.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate whether the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) antibody is able to inhibit THP1 cell apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB pathway. Methods THP1 cells were induced to macrophages with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Macrophages were divided into control group, Ox-LDL group and antibody group, cells in which were treated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), Ox-LDL (50 mg/mL), Ox-LDL (50 µg/mL) plus Ox-LDL antibody (100 mg/L), respectively, for 24 h. The apoptosis rate was determined by inverted microscopy and flow cytometry. The protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB (P65), caspase-3 and BCL2 was detected by Western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Results The apoptosis rate reduced significantly in antibody group as compared to Ox-LDL and control groups (P<0.05). The protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB pathway was markedly lowered in antibody group than in Ox-LDL and control groups (P<0.05), which reduced the Ox-LDL induced inflammation. Conclusions Ox-LDL antibody may be used to attenuate Ox-LDL induced inflammation and apoptosis, preventing atherosclerosis patients from acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weijuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Wenping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Manhua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
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Guo FX, Wu Q, Li P, Zheng L, Ye S, Dai XY, Kang CM, Lu JB, Xu BM, Xu YJ, Xiao L, Lu ZF, Bai HL, Hu YW, Wang Q. The role of the LncRNA-FA2H-2-MLKL pathway in atherosclerosis by regulation of autophagy flux and inflammation through mTOR-dependent signaling. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:1670-1687. [PMID: 30683918 PMCID: PMC6748100 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0235-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a progressive, chronic inflammation in arterial walls. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in inflammation, but the exact mechanism in atherosclerosis is unclear. Our microarray analyses revealed that the levels of lncRNA-FA2H-2 were significantly decreased by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL). Bioinformatics analyses indicated that mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) might be regulated by lncRNA-FA2H-2. In vitro experiments showed that lncRNA-FA2H-2 interacted with the promoter of the MLKL gene, downregulated MLKL expression, and the binding sites between -750 and 471 were necessary for lncRNA-FA2H-2 responsiveness to MLKL. Silencing lncRNA-FA2H-2 and overexpression of MLKL could activate inflammation and inhibited autophagy flux. Both lncRNA-FA2H-2 knockdown and overexpression of MLKL could significantly aggravate inflammatory responses induced by OX-LDL. We found that the 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and Atg7-shRNA enhanced inflammatory responses induced by knockdown of lncRNA-FA2H-2 and overexpression of MLKL. We demonstrated that the effects of MLKL on autophagy might be associated with a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling pathways. In vivo experiments with apoE knockout mice fed a western diet demonstrated that LncRNA-FA2H-2 knockdown decreased microtubule-associated expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II and lysosome-associated membrane protein 1, but increased expression of sequestosome 1 (p62), MLKL, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and interleukin-6 in atherosclerotic lesions. Our findings indicated that the lncRNA-FA2H-2-MLKL pathway is essential for regulation of autophagy and inflammation, and suggested that lncRNA-FA2H-2 and MLKL could act as potential therapeutic targets to ameliorate atherosclerosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xia Guo
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Xiao-Yan Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Chun-Min Kang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Bo Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bang-Ming Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan-Jun Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Lu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan-Lan Bai
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Capsaicin inhibits the migration and invasion via the AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in esophagus sequamous cell carcinoma by decreasing matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190819. [PMID: 31324733 PMCID: PMC6682549 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antitumor activity of Capsaicin has been studied in various tumor types, but its potency in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains to be elucidated. Here, we explored the molecular mechanism of the capsaicin-induced antitumor effects on ESCC Eca109 cells. Eca109 cells were treated with capsaicin in vitro, the migration and invasion capacities were significantly decreased by scratch assay and transwell invasion assay. Meanwhile, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 (MMP-9) expression levels were also obviously down-regulated by Western blot. However, phosphorylated AMPK levels were significantly up-regulated, and this effect was eliminated by the AMPK inhibitor Compound C treatment. In addition, capsaicin can enhance sirtuin1 (SIRT1) expression, which could activate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) through deacetylation, and activate AMPK inducing the phosphorylation of IκBα and nuclear localization of NF-κB p65. Overall, these results revealed that Capsaicin can inhibit the migration and invasion of ESCC cells via the AMPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Wu W, Shan Z, Wang R, Chang G, Wang M, Wu R, Li Z, Zhang C, Li W, Wang S. Overexpression of miR-223 inhibits foam cell formation by inducing autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4326-4336. [PMID: 31396338 PMCID: PMC6684933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an important role in foam cell formation, a hallmark of atherosclerosis obliterans (ASO). We recently demonstrated that miR-223 is significantly upregulated both in atherosclerotic arteries and in the serum sample of ASO patients. However, it is still unknown if miR-223 is implicated in the foam cell formation of VSMCs. The current study aimed to investigate the role of miR-223 in the foam cell formation of VSMCs. METHODS Artery and serum samples were collected from ASO patients. Human VSMCs were isolated from the normal arteries of healthy donors. For miR-223 overexpression, miR-223 mimic was transfected into VSMCs using Lipofectamine 2000. Foam cell formation was evaluated by lipid accumulation using Oil Red O staining. Luciferase assay was adopted to confirm the target gene of miRNA. RESULTS miR-223 was significantly upregulated in both the arteries and serum samples from ASO patients. miR-223 overexpression significantly inhibited the foam cell formation and decreased total intracellular cholesterol levels in VSMCs. miR-223 overexpression induced autophagy of VSMCs. Blocking autophagy by 3-methyladenine or autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) siRNAs attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR-223 overexpression on foam cell formation. Luciferase assay showed that IGF-1R is a direct target of miR-223. miR-223 overexpression reduced protein levels of IGF-1R expression and the phosphorylated form of PI3K and Akt proteins. CONCLUSIONS miR-223 overexpression inhibited foam cell formation in VSMCs, at least partially, via inducing autophagy. The IGF-1R/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may be also involved in this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Shan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangqi Chang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Ridong Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zilun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease, and Vascular Surgical Disease Research Center of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shenming Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease, and Vascular Surgical Disease Research Center of Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wang M, Wu Y, Yu Y, Fu Y, Yan H, Wang X, Li T, Peng W, Luo D. Rutaecarpine prevented ox-LDL-induced VSMCs dysfunction through inhibiting overexpression of connexin 43. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:84-92. [PMID: 30880182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of connexin 43 (Cx43) was related to dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Our previous study reported that rutaecarpine, an active ingredient of herbal medicine Evodia, modulated connexins expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. This study aims to explore the effects of rutaecarpine on Cx43 expression and VSMCs dysfunction induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). In cultured rat thoracic aortic VSMCs, ox-LDL upregulated the level of Cx43 in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which were abolished by the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 and PDTC. Furthermore, exposure to ox-LDL for 4 h induced the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 in VMSCs. Ox-LDL (50 mg/l,48 h) induced dysfunction of VSMCs, demonstrated as excessive proliferation, migration, and phenotype switch of cells, which were attenuated by treatment with Cx43 gap junction blocker Gap26(100 μM)) or rutaecarpine (1, 3, and 10 µM). Rutaecarpine inhibited ox-LDL-induced upregulation of Cx43, prevented nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65, and increased intracellular calcium level in VSMCs. These effects were abolished by pretreatment with transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) antagonist capsazepine, intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA-AM or CaM antagonist W-7. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that rutaecarpine inhibited Cx43 overexpression through TRPV1/[Ca2+]i/CaM/NF-κB signal pathway, thereby preventing VSMCs dysfunction induced by ox-LDL. Our study provides a novel mechanism by which rutaecarpine modulate Cx43 expression and VSMC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Yusi Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yanrong Yu
- Jiangxi Academy of Medical Science, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Yanqi Fu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Hang Yan
- School of Pharmaceutics, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Pharmaceutics, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Weijie Peng
- School of Pharmaceutics, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China; Jiangxi Academy of Medical Science, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
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Multifunctional TRPV1 Ion Channels in Physiology and Pathology with Focus on the Brain, Vasculature, and Some Visceral Systems. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5806321. [PMID: 31263706 PMCID: PMC6556840 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5806321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
TRPV1 has been originally cloned as the heat and capsaicin receptor implicated in acute pain signalling, while further research has shifted the focus to its importance in chronic pain caused by inflammation and associated with this TRPV1 sensitization. However, accumulating evidence suggests that, apart from pain signalling, TRPV1 subserves many other unrelated to nociception functions in the nervous system. In the brain, TRPV1 can modulate synaptic transmission via both pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and there is a functional crosstalk between GABA receptors and TRPV1. Other fundamental processes include TRPV1 role in plasticity, microglia-to-neuron communication, and brain development. Moreover, TRPV1 is widely expressed in the peripheral tissues, including the vasculature, gastrointestinal tract, urinary bladder, epithelial cells, and the cells of the immune system. TRPV1 can be activated by a large array of physical (heat, mechanical stimuli) and chemical factors (e.g., protons, capsaicin, resiniferatoxin, and endogenous ligands, such as endovanilloids). This causes two general cell effects, membrane depolarization and calcium influx, thus triggering depending on the cell-type diverse functional responses ranging from neuronal excitation to secretion and smooth muscle contraction. Here, we review recent research on the diverse TRPV1 functions with focus on the brain, vasculature, and some visceral systems as the basis of our better understanding of TRPV1 role in different human disorders.
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Reppetti J, Etcheverry T, Sierra MN, Damiano AE, Farina M, Martínez N. Osmotic stress induces apoptosis in extravillous trophoblast cells. Role of TRPV-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:58-63. [PMID: 31018904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In different tissues hyperosmolarity induces cell differentiation. Nevertheless an exacerbated hyperosmolar stress alters the normal cellular development. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV-1) is a non-selective cation channel that is activated by hyperosmolarity and participates in many cellular processes. TPRV-1 is expressed in human placenta at term. Here, we evaluated the expression of TRPV-1 in first trimester extravillous trophoblast cells and its participation in the survival of these cells exposed to hyperosmolar stress. Our results showed that hyperosmolar stress up-regulates the expression of TRPV-1 and induces the apoptosis in Swan 71 cells. In addition, the inhibition of TRPV-1 abrogates the apoptotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Reppetti
- Laboratorio de Biología de La Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomás Etcheverry
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Placentaria, (CEFYBO)-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías N Sierra
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia E Damiano
- Laboratorio de Biología de La Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Farina
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Placentaria, (CEFYBO)-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología de La Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Yao E, Zhang G, Huang J, Yang X, Peng L, Huang X, Luo X, Ren J, Huang R, Yang L, Zhou Y, Zhuo R, Zhao Y, Jin X. Immunomodulatory effect of oleoylethanolamide in dendritic cells via TRPV1/AMPK activation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18392-18407. [PMID: 30895621 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is an endogenous lipid mediator involved in the control of feeding, body weight, and energy metabolism. However, whether OEA modulates maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) has never been addressed. Hence, we evaluated the effect of OEA on DCs maturation in bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) in four aspects: (a) Cell surface markers were determined using flow cytometric analysis; (b) cell mobile ability was testified with the transwell assay; (c) stimulation of T cells proliferation was performed in a coculture system; and (d) cytokine production was measured using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result showed that, in mature BMDCs induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the OEA treatment decreased expressions of cell surface markers, reduced cell migration, diminished the proliferation of cocultured T cells, and regulated cytokine production of BMDCs, indicating the modulatory effect of OEA on DCs maturation. Furthermore, to explore the underlying mechanism of the immunomodulatory effect of OEA, we used antagonists of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), determined the protein expressions of TRPV1/AMPK and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) using western blot, and measured the intracellular calcium concentration using calcium imaging. The result illustrated that OEA downregulated TLR4/NF-κB, the classical pathway leading to DCs maturation induced by LPS, through the activation of TRPV1 and AMPK. Collectively, the present study suggests that OEA suppresses DCs maturation through the activation of TRPV1/AMPK. These findings increase our understanding of this endogenous lipid OEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhui Yao
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guixiang Zhang
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiazhen Yang
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoxin Luo
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lichao Yang
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rengong Zhuo
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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